Дисертації з теми "Captive Conservation"
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Tomlinson, Cynthia Ellen. "Conservation genetics of captive waldrapp ibis." Thesis, University of Kent, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309748.
Повний текст джерелаMichaels, Christopher. "Evidence based ex situ husbandry for captive amphibians." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/evidence-based-ex-situ-husbandry-for-captive-amphibians(54a41c4e-a6cb-471c-8c16-ef012f61cd35).html.
Повний текст джерелаBastos, Silveira Cristiane Mary Oliveira. "Morphological and molecular approaches to the conservation of captive antelopes." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404403.
Повний текст джерелаFontes, Sónia Alexandra de Jesus. "Reproductive management in captive elephants." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14044.
Повний текст джерелаElephants have been widely used by Humans for several centuries: for meat, as warriors through several kingdoms, for their heavy work power, for public entertainment, and for their unique tusks, leading them to be poached for the ivory trade. Nowadays we face the reality of a decreasing number of elephants in most of their range countries, leading them to be considered endangered (Asian) or vulnerable (African) to extinction. Being charismatic mega-vertebrates, made them one of the most desired wildlife to keep and show in zoological collections. Interdiction to the importation of wildlife was an important step, but with no more importation of individuals from the wild, the need to preserve the captive population became mandatory, and the zoological institutions make great efforts to maintain these animals in their collection and extend the conservation of these species. The inability to produce sufficient captive offspring and the continuous declining number in their natural habitat has urged research on elephant reproduction physiology. Asian and African elephants reproduce well in the wild but due to historically poor reproductive performance under human care, most captive populations face the possibility of local extinction. Besides logistical issues, elephant breeding in captivity faces management problems due to diseases, like ovarian and uterine pathologies and bull infertility. Therefore, it is important to understand the anatomy, physiology and all associated pathologies which can lead to reproduction failure, and for the future management of captive elephant populations is fundamental to ensure that professional decisions are made. Recent advances in endocrine monitoring and ultrasound imaging techniques allow researchers to understand the complex mechanisms that control reproduction in elephants, unique in several features. In this thesis, I reviewed all relevant studies from 2000 to nowadays, with special emphasis to the African elephant. Reproductive breeding management considerations to the captive population of the Lisbon Zoo were derived. Finally, four clinical cases in elephant reproduction that were followed and assisted by the author are analysed and discussed.
RESUMO - Maneio reprodutivo de elefantes em cativeiro - Por muitos séculos, os elefantes têm sido utilizados pelo Homem: como produto de caça, soldados de guerra de diversos reinos, pela sua capacidade de trabalho pesado e pelas suas presas, levando a que sejam abatidos para o mercado de marfim. Atualmente, na maior parte da sua distribuição, o número de elefantes continua a decrescer o que levou à sua corrente classificação em “Vulnerável” (Africano) e em “Ameaça de Extinção” (Asiático). Devido ao carisma destes mega vertebrados, os elefantes são um dos mais desejados animais para manter e exibir em Zoos. A interdição à importação de mais indivíduos do meio selvagem foi um passo importante para a conservação destas espécies, mas tornou a manutenção das populações cativas existentes uma prioridade e grandes esforços foram tomados pelas instituições de cativeiro. Um ponto fulcral tem sido o estudo da fisiologia reprodutiva dos elefantes, para que seja atingido um número de descendentes suficientes para manter estas populações. Tanto os elefantes asiáticos (Elephas maximus) como os elefantes africanos (Loxodonta africana) conseguem reproduzir-se com sucesso no meio selvagem mas, devido a uma história de baixa performance reprodutiva sob cuidados humanos, muitas das populações cativas correm o risco de extinção local. Para além de problemas logísticos, a reprodução de elefantes em cativeiro debate-se com questões de maneio devido a enfermidades, como patologias ováricas e uterinas e infertilidade no macho. Compreender e tornar disponível as novas descobertas no ramo da anatomia, fisiologia e as mais comuns patologias associadas a falha reprodutiva tornou-se então uma prioridade para garantir que decisões ponderadas possam ser tomadas no maneio de elefantes cativos. Avanços recentes em monitorização hormonal e em técnicas de ultrasom permitiu aos investigadores perceber os mecanismos complexos que controlam a reprodução nos elefantes, que apresentam variadas características únicas. Posto isso, nesta tese, foram recolhidos e compilados todos os resultados relevantes publicados desde o ano 2000, com especial ênfase em dados relativos ao elefante africano. Considerações sobre o maneio reprodutivo da população de elefantes Africanos existente no Jardim Zoológico de Lisboa são também abordadas. Por fim, quatro casos clínicos, auxiliados e seguidos pelo autor são analisados e debatidos.
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Michel, Eric S. "Effect of dominance in captive female white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)." Thesis, Mississippi State University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1536084.
Повний текст джерелаFactors associated with rank position are poorly understood whereas even fewer studies assessed if benefits were associated with increased rank position when resources were unlimited. I assessed whether age, body mass, size, and testosterone levels were important in rank establishment among 132 captive female white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus. I also assessed if the benefit metrics of improved body condition, decreased stress level, and earlier parturition date were related to rank position. Deer in each of 9 study pens had a linear hierarchy with a mean h' of 0.39 (SD = 0.09). Rank position was moderately related to age (P < 0.1) and was strongly related to body mass and size (P < 0.01). There was no relationship between benefit metrics and rank position (P < 0.1). Although increased body mass, size, and age improved rank position there were no benefits associated with increased rank when resources were unlimited.
Vaughn, Erin, and Erin Vaughn. "Conservation Genetics and Epigenetics of Pronghorn, Antilocapra americana." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621289.
Повний текст джерелаGartner, Marieke Cassia. "Personality and well-being in felids : assessment and applications to captive management and conservation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9755.
Повний текст джерелаFontseré, Alemany Clàudia 1992. "Genomic analysis of wild and captive chimpanzee populations from non-invasive samples using target capture methods." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670317.
Повний текст джерелаLes poblacions salvatges de ximpanzés estan en perill d'extinció a causa de les dramàtiques conseqüències associades a l’impacte humà en el seu hàbitat natural i al tràfic il·legal. La genòmica de la conservació és un camp emergent que té el potencial de guiar esforços de conservació d’espècies en perill d’extinció no només en el seu hàbitat natural (in situ) sinó també en captivitat (ex situ). En aquesta tesi, hem analitzat fins a quin punt els mètodes de captura de regions específiques del genoma són una bona eina per explorar la diversitat genètica dels ximpanzés tant en poblacions captives com salvatges. Concretament, hem caracteritzat la subespècie i els nivells de consanguinitat de 136 ximpanzés de zoos europeus amb l'objectiu de guiar-ne la seva gestió en captivitat, i hem inferit l'origen de 31 individus confiscats del tràfic il·legal a través de la seqüenciació de SNPs informatius de llinatge. També hem posat en pràctica estratègies moleculars per maximitzat la complexitat de les llibreries en la captura de regions específiques a partir de mostres fecals i així poder ser aplicades en estudis genòmics a gran escala. Finalment, hem capturat el cromosoma 21 de 828 mostres fecals recollides per tota la distribució geogràfica dels ximpanzé. Arran de l’alta densitat de mostreig, hem trobat evidències que apunten a una alta estratificació poblacional en els ximpanzés i hem desxifrat nova diversitat genètica vinculada a l’origen geogràfic dels individus. Finalment, amb el conjunt de dades generat i el mapa geogenètic obtingut, hem implementat una estratègia per la geolocalització de ximpanzés amb aplicació directe per a la conservació.
Jule, Kristen. "Effects of captivity and implications for ex-situ conservation : with special reference to red panda (Ailurus fulgens)." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/65554.
Повний текст джерелаJones, Andrew Treymane. "The Influence of Population Structure on Genetic Variation in Captive Bred Species." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1412613307.
Повний текст джерелаPoon, Yee Jane, and 潘以靖. "Are captive cetaceans an aid to conservation?: a study of Ocean Park's role as a conservationeducator." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31255978.
Повний текст джерелаAsh, Amanda. "Parasites of the African painted dog (Lycaon pictus) in captive and wild populations: Implications for conservation." Thesis, Ash, Amanda ORCID: 0000-0001-8218-7048 (2011) Parasites of the African painted dog (Lycaon pictus) in captive and wild populations: Implications for conservation. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2011. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/10519/.
Повний текст джерелаMcGreevy, Thomas Joseph. "Conservation genetics of Association of Zoos and Aquariums and wild Matschie's tree kangaroo (Dendrolagus Matschiei) from Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guinea /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2009. http://digitalcommons.uri.edu/dissertations/AAI3368001.
Повний текст джерелаPitsko, Leigh Elizabeth. "Wild Tigers in Captivity: A Study of the Effects of the Captive Environment on Tiger Behavior." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32620.
Повний текст джерелаMaster of Science
Young, Hywel Glyn. "Predicting the ecology of Madagascar's endemic dabbling ducks using captive populations and related taxa : implications for conservation." Thesis, University of Kent, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274346.
Повний текст джерелаLette, Emily D. "Modernising Conservation Through Technology: A metabolomic investigation of a critically endangered freshwater crayfish." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2020. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2371.
Повний текст джерелаPaull, David James. "The conservation role of captive breeding : a case study of rare and threatened animals indigenous to South Australia /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1985. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arp3292.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSripiboon, S. "Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesvirus Infection in Captive Asian Elephants (Elephas maximus) in Thailand: Implications for Conservation and Health Management." Thesis, Sripiboon, S. (2017) Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesvirus Infection in Captive Asian Elephants (Elephas maximus) in Thailand: Implications for Conservation and Health Management. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2017. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/36692/.
Повний текст джерелаWebber, Catherine Elizabeth. "A comparison of behavioural development of elephant calves in captivity and in the wild : implications for welfare." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/27503.
Повний текст джерелаVu, Maria. "Time- and Dose-related Effects of a Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Agonist and Dopamine Antagonist on Reproduction in the Northern Leopard Frog (Lithobates pipiens) and the Western Clawed Frog (Silurana tropicalis)." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36024.
Повний текст джерелаStighäll, Kristoffer. "Habitat composition and restocking for conservation of the white-backed woodpecker in Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-46073.
Повний текст джерелаFunding agency: Swedish Society for Nature Conservation (SSNC)
Davis, Melanie Jeanne. "A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Recent Vertebrate Reintroduction Programs in the United States." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1240243937.
Повний текст джерелаGodoy, Erika. "Effects of the captive environment and enrichment on the daily activity of European Bison (Bison bonasus)." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-19925.
Повний текст джерелаIndraswari, Karlina. "A multi-faceted analysis of Indonesia's songbird trade economy: An evidence based market solution." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/212523/1/Karlina_Indraswari_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаDonaldson, Chad. "Analyzing Factors Influencing Reproductive Success of the Mountain Chicken : Nordens Ark Captive Breeding Program." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för biovetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-16623.
Повний текст джерелаMartin, Meghan S. "The Role of Mate Preference and Personality on Reproductive Performance in an Ex-Situ Conservation Breeding Program for the Giant Panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2096.
Повний текст джерелаRobertson, Louise Mary. "Anthelmintic treatment and digestive organ morphology of captive-reared kaki (Himantopus novaezelandiae) released to the wild : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Conservation Biology at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1001.
Повний текст джерелаSeeley, Kathryn E. "Evaluation and Validation of Measures of Chronic Stress in Ring-tailed Lemurs (Lemur catta)." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492536480829096.
Повний текст джерелаWhitt, Jeffrey Glen. "The Bobwhite Population Decline: Its History, Genetic Consequences, and Studies on Techniques for Locating and Assessing Current Populations." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1505132/.
Повний текст джерелаJones, Melissa. "Sequence Capture Baits for Genetic Analysis in Anatidae." Thesis, University of California, Davis, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13419913.
Повний текст джерелаThis project aims to develop a panel of sequence capture baits to use for SNP genotyping for pedigree analysis in Wood Ducks (Aix sponsa ) as well as for general population genetic analysis within species in the family Anatidae. SbfI RAD libraries were prepared with samples comprising five duck species (N = 96). Sequenced libraries were aligned to the Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) reference genome and screened for 120bp regions proximal to the SbfI cutsite that contained SNPs conserved collectively in each species. A series of screenings identified regions which were used to produce 2,508 custom sequence capture baits. These baits were tested in novel individuals from the same species used to design the baits as well as novel species representing different taxonomic ingroup and outgroup levels within Aves. These baits delineate species at various taxonomic scales, even above the taxonomic level that was originally targeted and will prove useful for analyses of population and comparative genetics for species of Anatidae and perhaps more broadly.
Brink, René. "How well do buffer circles capture the ranging behaviours of territorial raptors?" Master's thesis, Faculty of Science, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33229.
Повний текст джерелаPedrono, Miguel. "Gestion interactive entre les populations sauvages et captives : stratégie de conservation de la tortue astrochelys yniphora à Madagascar." Paris 6, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA066364.
Повний текст джерелаTaylor, Johanna. "From big spots to little spots: Influence of camera trap deployment on spatial capture-recapture estimates of servals (Leptailurus serval) in Ithala Game Reserve." Master's thesis, Faculty of Science, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33049.
Повний текст джерелаJong, Sze Joon. "Iban Ajat: Digitisation framework for the conservation of a Sarawak traditional dance." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2022. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/233171/1/Sze%20Joon_Jong_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаRivalan, Philippe. "La dynamique des populations de tortues luths de Guyane française : recherche des facteurs impliqués et application à la mise en place de stratégies de conservation." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112004.
Повний текст джерелаAdequate knowledge of population dynamics is the first step in establishing a successful conservation strategy. In the case of leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea), information on population dynamics is patchy because of the limited assess to individuals, either spatially or temporally. Nevertheless, in the face of the decline in several nesting populations in the Pacific Ocean, the initiation of management policies is urgent. Therefore, I focused my studies on elucidating the main parameters that drive population dynamic of female leatherbacks nesting in French Guiana and Suriname. The results of this work suggest that the number of nests, classically used as an index of population size in sea turtle research, is a biased estimator of female abundance. Indeed, since 1970, the number of females has increased faster that the number of nests. This difference is due to the diminution of reproductive investment related to the climatic variations during this period. Our results confirm that conservation policies should focus on adult survival rate. However, whereas the accidental capture of turtles by fisheries on the French Guiana coast appears to be the major threat for the population, the matrix projections reveal that the population is apparently relatively resistant to this pressure. Nevertheless, the demonstrated sensitivity of some leatherback populations in the Pacific Ocean with respect to accidental capture suggests that fishing regulations to reduce accidental capture in the French Guiana and Suriname region are a necessary component to maintaining the leatherback nesting population
Maurer, Gilles. "Conservation de l’éléphant d’Asie (Elephas maximus) par l’étude des interactions entre humains et populations sauvages et semi-captives d'éléphants : une approche intégrée des dimensions démographiques, génétiques, économiques et socioculturelles." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTG011/document.
Повний текст джерелаFor thousands of years, the Asian elephant has played an important role in the culture, economy and construction of Asian nations. Almost a quarter of the population of this emblematic and threatened species consists of so-called captive elephants. However, both national legislation and conservation programmes tend to treat captive and wild populations separately. In Laos and Myanmar, the tradition of elephant handling by villagers and the interactions between wild and village elephants still persist.The objective of this thesis is to qualify and quantify these interactions to better understand their dynamics and roles in the survival of the species. I described the factors driving the socio-ecological system between humans, village and wild elephants and its resilience through an interdisciplinary and integrative approach.Based on an ethnoecological study, I analyzed the recent evolution of the human-elephant socio-ecological system in Laos and its consequences on human-elephant relations, husbandry practices and the perception of the species among elephant owners. The emergence since 2000 of the commodification of nature and the restriction of access to forests has led, on the one hand, to the segregation between wild and village elephants and, on the other hand, to the transition from a traditional to an intensive keeping system of village elephants. Community perception and tolerance towards wild elephants is linked to the principle of reciprocity. Owners having access to wild males to sire their females accept the presence of wild elephants contrary to mahouts engaged in logging activities.I then built a bio-economic model to quantify the effects of socio-economic strategies on the long-term viability of village elephant population in Laos. I demonstrated that fecundity is impacted primarily by the dynamics of the wild population through reproduction between village females and wild males. Second, the fecundity is impacted by the financial incentive of elephant owners tobreed their animals instead of working. Thus population viability is highly dependent on socio-economic conditions in the short term and the efficiency of wild elephant conservation in the long term.A population genetics study showed that the genetic diversity of wild and village elephant was high and differentiation was weak between Laos and Myanmar. The isolation of wild populations and the increasing segregation of village elephants will lead to genetic loss and inbreeding that can be managed by promoting gene flows at the regional level and between the two populations. The study suggests considering both populations from the two countries as a unique management unit. These two studies illustrate that resilience of the socio-ecological system is the result of multiple factors acting at different levels or scales, sometimes in opposite ways.Finally, this thesis allows to discuss the conditions of resilience and long-term viability of the human-elephant socio-ecological system and to explore potential scenarios including the on-going domestication process of the species
Castagnino, Vera Romina. "Ecological study of the ocelote (Leopardus pardalis) using the camera trap technique, in Las Piedras Region, Madre de Dios-Peru." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Centro de Investigación en Geografía Aplicada, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/119873.
Повний текст джерелаEste estudio trata sobre la ecología y conservación del ocelote (Leopardus pardalis), en la concesión de conservación y ecoturismo del albergue Amazon Research and Conservation Center - ARCC. El área de estudio, de 11 000 hectáreas, se encuentra ubicada en el distrito de Las Piedras, norte de la provincia de Tambopata, departamento de Madre de Dios, Perú. Se utilizaron cámaras trampa para monitorear la población del felino en un período de siete meses (de agosto de 2012 a febrero de 2013), dividido en nueve rondas donde se instalaron 73 cámaras en total. Fueron ocho ocelotes independientes los identificados, de los cuales solo tres (A1, A3 y A6) fueron recapturados visualmente en más de una ocasión. Se realizó un análisis de captura-recaptura. Las distancias recorridas por los ocelotes entre captura y recaptura se utilizaron para estimar el área efectiva de muestreo usando el método del Promedio de la Máxima Distancia Recorrida - MMDM y Mitad del MMDM. Los métodos dieron como resultado una densidad poblacional de 700 ocelotes/100 km2 y 180 ocelotes/100 km2 con MMDM y Mitad del MMDM, respectivamente. Por otro lado, se analizó la probabilidad de captura de las cámaras trampa con el software PRESENCE. Utilizando un análisis poblacional cerrado y un modelo constante, se halló una detección por ronda de 0,3 (SE 0,0567). Finalmente, también se evaluó la preferencia de hábitat de los ocelotes a través de imágenes satélite. Se halló que la mayoría de los felinos usan transectos turísticos, que prefieren las llanuras aluviales cercanas a las riberas de los ríos y cochas, y que evitan los pantanos.
Dubois, Glenn. "Ecologie des coléoptères saproxyliques : Biologie des populations et conservation d'Osmoderma eremita (Coleoptera : Cetoniidae)." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00473556.
Повний текст джерелаRigby, Benjamin. "Stormwater Capture in the Built Watershed: Fostering Public Awareness of Water Conservation Through a Parcel-level Approach to Stormwater Management." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pitzer_theses/85.
Повний текст джерелаMarescot, Lucile. "Dynamique et conservation des populations difficilement observables : cas d'étude de la recolonisation du loup dans les Alpes françaises." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20259/document.
Повний текст джерелаLarge carnivore management in Europe is controversial because of conflictive objectives arising from the legal protection of threatened species vs. the possible necessity of culling individuals to prevent severe damages on human activities. Since the wolf recovery in the French Alps in the early 90's, the population has been numerically and spatially increasing. In parallel, livestock depredations have been following the same trend. As an EU member state, France is bound to the European Habitat Directive, which provides full protection of wolf populations and their habitat. Nevertheless, derogatory killings are allowed for individuals causing problems on livestock and some lethal control is now incorporated into the national management plan, as long as the population growth and its distribution range are not being threatened. Illustrating with the case study of the wolf in France, my dissertation proposes a structured decision making framework for the management and the conservation of elusive species that are legally protected but, in a conflictive context, are subject to population control. The sequential modeling of our decision process occurred in the following steps: 1) define the multiple objectives and formulate them in terms of a utility function, 2) monitor the population through a non-invasive approach in order to define the population conservation status, 3) build a demographic model to predict the consequences of harvesting on population dynamics and social structure, 4) obtain optimal state-dependent decisions. The last step is done with stochastic dynamic programming (SDP), acknowledged to be one of the most useful optimization methods in decision making. We provide an optimal solution for wolf management that gives the highest chance of meeting objectives, defined on population growth rate. This demographic indicator was found to be robust to sampling uncertainty arising from partial and heterogeneous detection of individuals. We ran decision sensibility analyses and found a strong effect of the utility function on the optimal strategy, highlighting the importance of defining explicit objectives. We also found that the optimal strategy was sensitive to demographic parameters, which demonstrate the general need of using solid statistical approaches to estimate them properly. This structured decision making framework can further be extended to adaptive management, acknowledged as being a convenient framework for wildlife management
Blanc, Laetitia. "Dynamique des populations d’espèces rares et élusives : le lynx boréal en Europe." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS045.
Повний текст джерелаRare, discrete, fascinating and bloodthirsty are all adjectives used in Europe to describe the large carnivores that roam our forests. Degradation of their habitat and depletion of their prey, combined with these wild and "bloodthirsty" aspects, have led to numerous conflicts with humans and led them to disappear from most of their historical range. Since then, most of them have a protected status in most European countries. This status is guaranteed for most of these countries by the Habitats Directive and the Berne Convention. These laws created a favorable context for a gradual return of these species in our ecosystems. To fulfill the requirements established by these laws, it was necessary to improve scientific knowledge of the ecology of these species and to develop methodological tools to understand the dynamics of their populations. European countries then made considerable efforts to contribute to global knowledge and sustainable management of large carnivores. These efforts, in the case of the bear, wolf and lynx, are clearly not homogenous within Europe. The first challenge of this thesis was to evaluate the factors that might explain the heterogeneity of investment in the conservation of large carnivores in Europe. This chapter is based both on ecological criteria of local species and economic criteria of the countries of interest. The first strong result of this study revealed that the bear and lynx have the same profile and receive the same interest from European scientists, wolf differing from the two other species. The second convincing result revealed that the research would be more oriented towards abundant populations rather than small populations as previously assumed by the scientific community. The scientific investment in this first chapter is partly quantified by the amount of effort invested in monitoring populations. It turns out to be a real challenge for large carnivores. The secretive behavior of these species, their low density and their need for large spaces are all constraints to monitoring requiring substantial human and financial resources. Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) monitoring in France is a typical example of these constraints. Until now, monitoring was based on the collection of indirect presence signs. Recently, a non-invasive but expensive camera-trapping protocol has been settled in the French Jura Mountains. We then evaluated in a second chapter a new method for estimating the size of this population. This method has provided the first reliable estimate of the abundance of lynx in France. This estimate, however, came with a relative precision given the limited quantity of data collected during this session. The gap between the needs for a census of the population and the budget available for the monitoring of the species is huge so we had to develop a new modeling tool to achieve our goal. In the third chapter, the objective was to improve these estimates, optimizing the use of the available data. The combination of presence-absence data and camera trapping data has greatly improved the French Jura population estimates that go rising in recent years. The situation is not as favorable for the species on the Vosges part. This population, after reintroduction, appears to be declining drastically over the last 5 years. In a fourth chapter, we therefore investigated the effectiveness of two conservation strategies: the first one was to instate some connectivity between the Vosges and Jura populations and the second one to reintroduce individuals in the German Palatinate Forest, situated in continuity with the Vosges
Lieury, Nicolas. "Vers une gestion intégrative des populations animales : l'importance d'intégrer l'immigration à la compréhension de leur dynamique et à l'évaluation scientifique des actions de régulation et de conservation." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4336/document.
Повний текст джерелаDue to the multiple interactions linking species together, human activities and animal species influence each other. Animal populations are therefore managed to favour long-term cohabitation. Wildlife management includes the conservation of endangered species, the harvest of game species and the control of species considered as pest. It consists in impacting population dynamics (density variation in a territory) either by favouring or limiting population growth. Faced with the complexity of ecological processes and the urgent need for acting in a context of decreasing allocated resources, an efficient management requires a precious understanding of population dynamics in response to actions. During my PhD, I collaborated with managers supervising two contrasted biological systems: the conservation of endangered Mediterranean raptors (Bonelli’s eagles and Egyptian vultures) and the control of fox densities in French rural landscapes. For each case of study, my work consisted in i) analysing data from population monitoring designed to ii) evaluate the management impact on population dynamics. In both systems, I highlighted iii) the crucial importance of immigration either in boosting endangered population or compensating for fox regulation. After having iv) derived concrete guidelines to improve management facing with immigration. I concluded my PhD by v) searching in turn for cost-effective designs of population monitoring. Overall, I questioned the contrasted systems I studied to understand pitfalls and solutions favouring an efficient management of animal populations
Gutiérrez, Alexis Theresa. "The Sustainable Seafood Movement : bringing together supply, demand and governance of capture fisheries in the U.S. and U.K. to achieve sustainability." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ad3f9e68-0171-4f51-9a08-1361dcf1d6b7.
Повний текст джерелаDierickx, Elisa Gwenda Godelieve. "Population dynamics and population genetics of the Critically Endangered Raso lark : implications for conservation." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/274676.
Повний текст джерелаThapa, Kanchan. "Ecology of Tigers in Churia Habitat and a Non-Invasive Genetic Approach to Tiger Conservation in Terai Arc, Nepal." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/65007.
Повний текст джерелаPh. D.
Sharp, Tammy-Ann. "Exploring the potential impact of carbon, capture and storage technologies on the diversity of the UK electricity system to 2050." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/51575/.
Повний текст джерелаGarcía, Navarro Ana Maria. "Patrons d'activitat i proxèmia en l'avaluació del benestar en goril·les captius (Gorilla gorilla gorilla)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666985.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis arises as a response to the main welfare problems that can affect most animals living in zoos and aquariums. In particular, it has been driven by concern about the complexity involved in keeping great apes in optimal conditions. In this context, the overall objective of this work is to search evaluation models that may help to improve or complement the existing action and conservation plans intended for western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) in captivity. With this aim, an observational study on samples of western lowland gorillas has been carried out in two institutions: the Barcelona Zoo and the Apenheul Primate Park (the Netherlands). A total of 303 hours of recordings have been analyzed spread over 5 mixed groups (4 in Barcelona and 1 in Apenheul) and a single dominant male. A cross-sectional comparison between groups, treating each one as a case, has been carried out, as well as an intragroup assessment within a family group along its various stages (pre-post comparison). Later, our findings have been compared with those of the previous literature. No significant differences have been found between the results obtained in the High Frugivory (HF) season and the groups studied. This would confirm that the complexity of naturalized areas, social groups and the management offered by the two zoological institutions, can ensure the opportunities involved in the performance of patterns of activity quite similar to those observed in the natural environment. Neither do we found significant differences between the spatial proximity index between individuals and patterns of behavior and proxemics. This would suggest that the available space for our groups, does not compromise the welfare of the gorillas studied. In summary, the results of this study confirm the importance of social composition and density in groups of western lowland gorillas in captivity. Likewise, these factors may serve as good indicators of their welfare. Indeed, the composition of family groups stables in time, with variability of social classes and a social density appropriate to the quality and the facilities available, is essential to achieve success in the ex situ conservation of this species. At the same time, the previous history of the individuals and the role exerted by dominant males play a fundamental role in the formation and cohesion of these groups.
Hadjou, Belaid Asma. "Démographie et réponses adaptatives des populations végétales aux changements environnementaux." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTG034/document.
Повний текст джерелаMediterranean region is a biodiversity hot-spot with a high endemism rate and is classified among the areas most sensitive to climate change. Deep understanding of demography and evolution following these changes is a necessity for species conservation. During this thesis, two rare Mediterranean plant species have been studied, Centaurea corymbosa and Brassica insularis, using recent mathematical models to analyse long term demographic datasets (22 and 18 years). In the first part of this thesis, matrix projection models have been used to analyse spatio-temporal variation in population growth rate in C. corymbosa. Major climatic parameters that impact population growth rate and survival, flowering and fecundity have been identified. A population viability analysis has been performed under various climatic scenarios. In a second part, an analysis of the population ability of C. corymbosa to response to these climatic changes has been performed using integral projection models. Temporal variation of life-history traits showed that the realized flowering strategy varied with climatic conditions following the same direction than the optimal flowering strategy. It can thus be concluded that the studied populations can adapt to climatic changes. Finally, capture-recapture models have been applied on the Brassica insularis dataset to analyse the effect of plant detectability on demographic parameter estimations. Survival probabilities obtained with the classical approach are lower than the ones estimated using the CR models. However, the parameters estimated using both methods are highly correlated, except for one population where individual identification is problematic. Results of this thesis are linked to some considerations in conservation biology of plants, particularly in link to their ability to respond to climatic changes
Lee, Maeng Joo. "Linking Governance and Performance: ICANN as an Internet Hybrid." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28062.
Повний текст джерелаPh. D.
Ficheux, Sébastien. "Dynamique et génétique des populations de cistude d'Europe Emys orbicularis." Thesis, Dijon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DIJOS068/document.
Повний текст джерелаDispersal, characterized by the movements of individuals in space leading to gene flows, allows populations to connect. The study of dispersal has become of essential importance to predict the consequences of global changes on the population structures and dynamics. Species with limited dispersal, such as chelonians, are particularly threatened by these phenomena. Our study aimed at analyzing the dispersal of the European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis), in decline in Europe, in a habitats fragmentation context and determining the causes of this behavior through analysis of population dynamics and genetics. Our results show, firstly, that the slow generation time in Emys orbicularis (about 12 years) may slow the genetic erosion by drift. This slow erosion is accentuated with large populations such as Kerkini populations, even with a strong fragmentation. On the other hand, selection would have favored philopatry in females in habitats with few nesting site and deers, because they have the advantage of territoriality. In contrast, the cost of dispersal decreases for males because this behavior allows inbreeding avoidance. The European pond turtles seem very sensitive to intra-specific competition. Indeed, the relaxation of adult density-dependence allows for a significant recruitment of juveniles. This dynamic promotes an unexpected rapid response of the population after a major disturbance, because chelonians are long-lived animals with a late age of first reproduction and very high generation time, therefore, the time of resilience to perturbations is also expected to be high