Дисертації з теми "Capteur MOx"
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Madrolle, Stéphanie. "Méthodes de traitement du signal pour l'analyse quantitative de gaz respiratoires à partir d’un unique capteur MOX." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAT065/document.
Повний текст джерелаNon-invasively taken, exhaled breath contains many volatile organic compounds (VOCs) whose amount depends on the health of the subject. Quantitative analysis of exhaled air is of great medical interest, whether for diagnosis or for a treatment follow-up. As part of my thesis, we propose to study a device to analyze exhaled breath, including these VOCs. This multidisciplinary thesis addresses various aspects, such as the choice of sensors, materials and acquisition modes, the acquisition of data using a gas bench, and then the processing of the signals obtained to quantify a gas mixture. We study the response of a metal oxide sensor (MOX) to mixtures of two gases (acetone and ethanol) diluted in synthetic air (oxygen and nitrogen). Then, we use source separation methods in order to distinguish the two gases, and to determine their concentration. To give satisfactory results, these methods require first to use several sensors for which we know the mathematical model describing the interaction of the mixture with the sensor, and which present a sufficient diversity in the calibration measurements to estimate the model coefficients. In this thesis, we show that MOX sensors can be described by a linear-quadratic mixing model, and that a dual temperature acquisition mode can generate two virtual sensors from a single physical sensor. To quantify the components of the mixture from measurements on these (virtual) sensors, we have develop supervised and unsupervised source separation methods, applied to this nonlinear model: independent component analysis, least squares methods (Levenberg Marquardt algorithm), and a Bayesian method were studied. The experimental results show that these methods make it possible to estimate the VOC concentrations of a gas mixture, accurately, while requiring only a few calibration points
Bertero, Christophe. "Perception de l'environnement urbain à l'aide d'une flotte de capteurs sur des vélos : application à la pollution de l'air." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30321.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis takes place in the context of "smart cities", where the information processing improves the quality of life. It studies the perception of the environment and especially the perception of air pollution in the city using sensors on bikes. The first chapter introduces the technical and scientific challenges in terms of information collection and modeling applied to aerology. The second chapter presents the design of a fleet of mobile instruments for measuring air pollution. We characterize the shape of the sensor network needed for modeling, on the one hand using the literature and on the other hand using a simulation. The third chapter deals with the development of such an instrument. We have built our instrument around a semiconductor metal oxide micro-sensor (MOx sensor) of NO2 and CO, the MiCS-4514, and evaluated its performance in controlled environments. The fourth chapter presents the two deployments of this instrument in the city of Toulouse in France, first with a bicycle rental association and then with bikers from our laboratory, and the dataset collected. Finally, we estimate the pollution levels in NO2 and CO in the city
Deveaux, Michael. "Development of fast and radiation hard Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS) optimized for open charm meson detection with the CBM experiment." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2008/DEVEAUX_Michael_2008.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThe Compressed Baryonic Matter experiment (CBM) will investigate heavy ion collisions at beam energies between 10 and 40 AGeV in order to explore the nuclear matter phase diagram in the high baryon density region. For a first time, open charm mesons (D0 and D±) will be used as probe for the nuclear fireball. Reconstructing them requires a very thin (few 0. 1 % X0 per layer) micro vertex detector (MVD) with pixel sensors featuring excellent spatial resolution (few µm) and substantial radiation hardness. This work studies whether (and how) an MVD based on the novel Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS) can the reach the performance needed. For this purpose, the precise requirements on the MVD in terms of material budget, cooling, time resolution and radiation hardness were estimated. Extensive R&D studies on MAPS allowed establishing their performances in particular in the field of radiation tolerance and to improve this tolerance by one order of magnitude. The information obtained was used as input for a GEANT simulation which demonstrated the feasibility of open charm physics with the proposed detector concept
Essa, Zahi. "Physical modelling of impurity diffusion and clustering phenomena in CMOS based image sensors." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01020497.
Повний текст джерелаAhmed, Nayera. "MOS Capacitor Deep Trench Isolation (CDTI) for CMOS Image Sensors." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10048.
Повний текст джерелаLavaure, de Graffanaud Alain. "Conception de blocs analogiques et mixtes dédiés à un capteur intégré de rayonnement." Limoges, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIMO4044.
Повний текст джерелаHeini, Sébastien Hu Yann Winter Marc. "Conception et intégration d'un capteur à pixels actifs monolithiques et de son circuit de lecture en technologie CMOS submicronique pour les détecteurs de position du futur." Strasbourg : Université de Strasbourg, 2009. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/1128/01/HEINI_Sebastien_2009_restrict.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаHirigoyen, Flavien. "Optimisation de la collection des photons pour des capteurs d'images en technologie CMOS." Aix-Marseille 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX30076.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of the thesis is to put in place a new methodology for photon collection optimization for CMOS image sensors in order to achieve good optical performances. The methodology consists in starting from the pixel layout description from standard microelectronic CAD software. From this, we generate a three-dimensional model on an optical ray tracing software. This optical model aims to be as realistic as possible taking into account the geometrical shape of all the components of the pixel and the optical properties of the materials. A specific ray source has also been developed to simulate the pixel illumination in real conditions (behind an objective lens). After the optical simulation itself, the results are transferred to another software for more convenient post-processing where we use as photosensitive area a weighted surface determined from the fit of angular response simulation results to the measurements, according to least square criterion. Using this surface we count the ray density inside the substrate to evaluate the simulated output signal of the sensor. These simulation results are then compared to the corresponding experimental measurements and validated, demonstrating the relevance of our optical simulation process, and permitting to quantify the vignetting effects of the sensors on optical performances. We reused this simulation methodology to predict the optical performances of more advanced architectures, and to help designers and process engineers to optimize the pixels and the fabrication process
Gensolen, Fabrice. "Architecture et conception de rétines silicium CMOS : intégration de la mesure du mouvement global dans un imageur." Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20182.
Повний текст джерелаMATOU, Karine. "Capteur d'image logarithmique avec compensation "on-chip" du bruit spatial fixe." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010586.
Повний текст джерелаL'un des principaux problèmes dans un capteur d'image logarithmique, est le BSF. Ce bruit réduit la qualité de l'image et limite l'utilisation de ce type de capteur dans des applications de vision. Dans cette thèse, nous avons exploré une structure radicalement différente de celle utilisée par beaucoup d'autres chercheurs : utilisation d'une photodiode en mode photovoltaïque plutôt qu'en mode photoconducteur. Cette photodiode combinée avec un transistor d'initialisation permet de générer un signal de référence noir dans n'importe qu'elle condition lumineuse. Cette nouvelle approche ouvre la voie à une compensation on-chip du BSF simple et efficace. Ce photorécepteur a été intensément étudié dans cette thèse. Un circuit prototype a été conçu et fabriqué dans une technologie CMOS standard 0,8um via le service CMP français. Il a été entièrement testé et caractérisé. Le résultat expérimental a non seulement validé les prédictions théoriques mais aussi a démontré une bonne qualité de l'image et aussi une bonne sensibilité en condition de faible illumination. Certains problèmes de conception et phénomènes électriques ont été également étudiés dans cette thèse. Des solutions proposées à ces problèmes peuvent être intéressantes pour les concepteurs et les chercheurs dans ce domaine. A la fin, quelques questions en suspens sur le capteur d'image logarithmique ont été soulignées et des directions de recherche correspondantes ont été précisées.
Bataillard, Pierre. "Etude de la fonctionnalisation de structures Si/SiO2 : :(2), Application à la réalisation d'un capteur ionosensible." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ECDL0016.
Повний текст джерелаVanstalle, Marie. "Dosimétrie électronique et métrologie neutrons par capteur CMOS à pixels actifs." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/VANSTALLE_Marie_2010.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThis work aims at demonstrating the possibility to use active pixel sensors as operational neutron dosemeters. To do so, the sensor that has been used has to be γ-transparent and to be able to detect neutrons on a wide energy range with a high detection efficiency. The response of the device, made of the CMOS sensor MIMOSA-5 and a converter in front of the sensor (polyethylen for fast neutron detection and 10B for thermal neutron detection), has been compared with Monte Carlo simulations carried out with MCNPX and GEANT4. These codes have been beforehand validated to check they can be used properly for our application. Experiments to characterize the sensor have been performed at IPHC and at IRSN/LMDN (Cadarache). The results of the sensor irradiation to photon sources and mixed field (241AmBe source) show the γ-transparency of the sensor by applying an appropriate threshold on the deposited energy (around 100 keV). The associated detection efficiency is satisfactory with a value of 10-3, in good agreement with MCNPX and GEANT4. Other features of the device have been tested with the same source, like the angular response. The last part of this work deals with the detection of thermal neutrons (eV-neutrons). Assays have been done in Cadarache (IRSN) with a 252Cf source moderated with heavy water (with and without cadmium shell). Results asserted a very high detection efficiency (up to 6×10-3 for a pure 10B converter) in good agreement with GEANT4
Beroulle, Vincent. "Conception et test de microsystèmes monolithiques CMOS piézorésistifs : application à un capteur de champ magnétique." Montpellier 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON20082.
Повний текст джерелаDzahini, Kwami. "Contribution au développement d'un capteur intégré de type ISFET à partir d'une filière ASIC en technologie CMOS." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ECDLA009.
Повний текст джерелаGal, Stéphan. "Conception assistée de blocs analogiques pour capteurs intelligants." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20230.
Повний текст джерелаGuerroudj, Samir. "Solutions alternatives pour le filtrage des couleurs d'un capteur d'images numériques en technologie CMOS." Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0128.
Повний текст джерелаDigital image sensors are more and more present in every day of life: camera phones, webcams etc. This big market follows a main trend which is higher resolution while keeping small sensors, emphasizing the problem of light collection inside the pixel. Ln Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CM OS) image sensors, a solution wou Id be to minimize the distance between the colour filters and the photodiode, what implies that colour filters could support a thermal process above 5OO°C. Ln this study, we investigate experimentally inorganic transmission colour filters using thin films prepared by MOCVD (Metal Organic Chemical Va pour Deposition). The main advantages of these filters remain their thickness «llJm or almost), the annealing temperatu. Re they can support (over 5OO°c) and the resistance to the RHS annealing
Emzivat, Delphine. "Etude et conception d'un circuit à optiques et traitements intégrés pour la vision en contrôle qualité." Lorient, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LORIS008.
Повний текст джерелаHerrera-Duvault, Yolanda. "Adaptation de techniques analytiques au contrôle de la fabrication de couches iono-sensibles : Application aux capteurs chimiques de type ISFET et insertion de ces capteurs dans la techniques FIA (Flow-Injection-Analysis)." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ECDLA007.
Повний текст джерелаOuffoue, Cyrius. "Système intégré dédié à des applications de mesure de courant sans contact à gamme dynamique variable en milieu industriel." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/OUFFOUE_Cyrius_2010_ED269.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis work has been carried out during a collaborative project between SOCOMEC and InESS laboratory. The goal was to develop a CMOS integrated system for huge dynamic range current measurement. The current dynamic range goes from a few tens of amps to tens of thousands amps. The main objective of such a system is to replace the bulky current sensor like current transformers and Rogowski torus in many industrial applications. By integrating this current measurement system in CMOS technology, we can add many features like amplification, gain control and analog to digital converters. In this work, we proposed a new current sensor based on a Hall effects sensors network. This current sensor has been tested and validated
Ruby, Cédric. "Etude d'un composant analogique programmable destiné aux applications d'interfaces pour capteurs." Lyon, INSA, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ISAL0109.
Повний текст джерелаAnalog counterpart of an FPGA, an FPAA can firstly simplify the development flow of analog resources, in order to reduce the time-to-market of electronic applications, and can secondly be a cost effective integration solution compared to the expensive ASIC technology. The goal of this study is to develop an FPAA realizing non-linear calculus operations for the applications of sensors interface. Two versions of an analog cell using two analog multipliers were developed and tested during this thesis. The first one permitted to highlight the requirement to control internal offsets; a study of the matching in the structure was then leaded and an offset cancellation scheme was designed; finally, improvements of the performances were achieved with the second version of the cell. Nevertheless, an automatic offset cancellation must be integrated within the FP AA, and such a study could conclude about the possible industrialization of this integrated circuit
Erouel, Mohsen Sassi Zina Jaffrezic-Renault Nicole Maaref M'hamed Ali. "Etude sur les transistors organiques à vocation capteur de gaz application à la détection de gaz nitrés /." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2008. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=erouel.
Повний текст джерелаLeyris, Cédric. "Etude de bruit basse fréquence de type R. T. S dans les capteurs d'images à pixels actifs CMOS." Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20028.
Повний текст джерелаPillet, Nicolas. "Conception et intégration de convertisseurs analogique/numérique, compacts, à bas bruit, adaptés aux capteurs CMOS destinés à la détection de particules chargées." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/PILLET_Nicolas_2010.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаDevelopment of CMOS sensors has grown exponentially in the world of instrumentation in the past years because of their ability to integrate a sensitive element and the associated readout electronics on the same substrate at a low price. The CMOS-ILC team of IPHC has developed matrix of CMOS pixels for detectors used in particle physics for the last ten years. While using this kind of detectors for trajectometry, it could be interesting to raise the spatial resolution of the detectors. It could be fulfilled by implementing analog to digital converter (ADC) in the bottom of the column’s matrix. These ADCs must response to very strong constraint in term of dimension, conversion speed and power consumption. Three prototypes of ADCs with different architectures have been developed in order to respond to these specifications. The first one is a double numerical ramp ADC, the second one is a successive approximation ADC and the last one is an ADC with a progressive resolution. Three chips with these different architectures have been submitted and tested. The results have led to a comparison of the different technics in use in this particular field
Hannati, Loubna. "Étude et conception d'un capteur d'image linéaire CMOS de haute sensibilité et de faible résolution et sa mise en oeuvre dans un microspectrophotomètre." Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10119.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis aims to develop a high-sensitivity, low-resolution micro-spectrophotometer for biochemical analysis. Within this framework, a linear image sensor consisting of 32 active pixels has been designed and fabricated in a 0. 8µm CMOS process. The pixel sensing element is a BDJ (Buried Double p-n Junction) photodetector, which allows light intensity measurement and wavelength identification. The APS (Active Pixel Sensor) architecture is optimised by integrating a charge amplifier and a following CDS (Correlated Double Sampling) circuit. The high-gain amplifier structure suppresses effect of the detector capacitances at its input, and enhances conversion gain with good linearity by using a small integration capacitor. The CDS cancels or reduces undesirable Reset-related effects such as charge injection of Reset transistors and kTC noise. This image sensor occupies a surface of 4mm x 1,6mm, with an active surface of 87µm x 283µm for each pixel. The testing results are analysed and compared with those of several recently-developed image sensors reported in the literature. This tested image sensor is then employed in the development of a micro-spectrophotometer. Interesting results have been obtained by characterising the instrument
Szelezniak, Michal. "Development of pixel detectors with integrated microcircuits for the vertex detector in the Star experiment at the RHIC collider." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2008/SZELEZNIAK_Michal_2008.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThis work is part of the Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor (MAPS) R&D program that is directed towards construction of a new, 135 million pixel vertex detector for the STAR experiment at the RHIC collider. The new detector is planned to be installed in 2011 to extend the current physics capabilities of the system by providing a pointing resolution of 30 µm. The STAR collaboration is actively pursuing detector development in MAPS technology that offers thin monolithic detectors fabricated in standard CMOS processes. The work presented addresses the development of MAPS from basic architectures to simple integrated on-chip signal processing. A common element for most of the presented readout schemes is a compact low-noise, low power consumption, compact in-pixel amplifier. A review of possible solutions for this element together with experimental results is presented. MAPS operating in current mode have been investigated in this thesis as an alternative to the classical voltage mode. Integration of MAPS sensors in a complete detector system has been investigated with a prototype readout system coupled to a detector telescope composed from three MAPS prototypes. The optimization of the readout of a multi-million pixel detector has been addressed with a study of an "on-the-fly" cluster finding algorithm reducing the data rates. The operation of RHIC with increased luminosity will require more advanced pixel architectures than the simple design implemented in the first prototypes. The solutions presented indicate a development path for the final sensor with in-pixel signal amplification and on-chip data digitization
Frick, Vincent. "Etude et réalisation d'un système intégré pour la mesure de courant avec isolation galvanique en milieu industriel." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR13237.
Повний текст джерелаErouel, Mohsen. "Etude sur les transistors organiques à vocation capteur de gaz : application à la détection de gaz nitrés." Lyon, INSA, 2008. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2008ISAL0040/these.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаOrganic field effect transistors (OFETs) are now widely recognized for their potential applications in all fields of so-called "plastic electronics". The high development of those transistors is related to the possibility to use its on nitrous gas sensor elaboration. The development of those systems needs the use of adapted technologies, a low elaboration cost, working at low temperature, to be easy to transport, selective and stable. In this field, the objective of our work consists on developing organic transistors for nitrous derivates detection usually used on classical explosive system. The sensor elaboration needed the good realisation of many tasks. The first one consists on the selection of the dielectric allowing us to have a stable transistor. For this, two insulator materials were used: inorganic oxides with high dielectric value (Ta2O5, HfO2, ZrO2, Al2O3/ZrO2) deposited with a low temperature process and an organic insulating material, the polymethylmethacrylate PMMA deposited by spin-coating. Pentacene transistors using different dielectrics were elaborated in order to compare their electric efficiencies. The results analysis (morphologic and electric) permitted to understand the comportment of those systems under their general aspect in addition to the comportment of the used dielectrics. The study of the stability of the oligothienylenevinylenes derivatives based transistors selected for the detection of dinitrotoluen (DNT) was conduced. The measure of components derivates was realized by studies based on the stress influence following, humidity and temperature. Sensors responses to DNT vapour were followed. Detection is related to donor-acceptor reaction
Casadei, Bruno. "Conception et réalisation d'un capteur en technologie CMOS pour l'observation d'impulsions lumineuses brèves voisines de 1ns." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR13020.
Повний текст джерелаTwo methods are used to visualize short light events. The first one consists in quickly acquiring a great number of 2D images with regular time interval for a short length of time. But this process is limited to a temporal resolution near of one microsecond. To reach a temporal resolution near of one picosecond, the second solution starts from a two-dimensional image and consists in allotting to a space dimension the temporal dimension to obtain the light intensity according to time and one space dimension. The only camera obtaining this result is the streak camera which uses a vacuum tube for its temporal rebuilding parts what makes it fragile, cumbersome, expensive and greedy in energy. The objective of this work is to develop a new architecture of CMOS camera reproducing the operation of the streak camera. For that purpose, we use the possibility of carrying out a different integration time per pixel. By delaying the beginning of the integration phase of the columns of pixels, a temporal range of 45ns is created what enables us to obtain the sampled integral of the light signal at the output camera. This range is fixed by the intrinsic delay time of the logical gate which constitutes the delay system. This one defines the delay time between columns which determines the temporal resolution. Then by calculation of the difference between columns, we rebuild the input signal. The pixel uses a structure of active pixel sensor with photodiode. We characterised the pixel in order to know all its parameters and to compare them with the existing sensors to justify its quality. The measurement of the width of a laser impulse shows that the temporal resolution of our camera is of 800ps. The applications of this type of camera are numerous and touch all the fields: medical, ecological, astronomical, industrial and pyrotechnical
Lalitha, Anusha. "Modelling of MOF/Graphene oxide composites and their performances for CO2 capture." Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MONTS003.
Повний текст джерелаRecently, most of the research attention has been focused on controlling global warming resulting from the emission of greenhouse gases. The advantage of developing adsorbents for physisorption-based CO2 capture resides in the reduction of energy penalty and easier recyclability. Composite systems (MOF/GO) made from the assembly of graphene oxide (GO) with Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) together with tailored functionalities have been recently revealed as promising candidates to selectively adsorb CO2 over diverse gases including N2 and CH4. In this PhD, an innovative computational methodology integrating density functional theory calculations and force field-based molecular dynamics simulation has been applied to provide a first atomistic picture of the interactions at the MOF/GO interface with the main objective to characterize the nature of the interactions between the two components, the surface coverage, the GO conformation that all together are expected to play a key role in the compatibility of the composite. As a first step, a careful attention has been paid to develop a structural model for the GO containing –hydroxyl, -epoxy and –carboxylic groups consistent with the experimental observation on the C/O ratios. As a proof of concept, the zinc-based zeolite imidazole framework ZIF-8 has been considered and its MOF surface model has been taken from our previous work. The MOF/GO interface has been further built and detailed analysis of the MOF/GO interfaces has been generated. A systematic computational exploration of the impact of the nature of the MOFs as well as of the functionalization of GO has been further deployed. Subsequently, the adsorption and separation performances were modelled for these MOF/GO systems using Monte Carlo simulations. These computational findings were supported by experimental data collected within the frame of the H2020 EU GRAMOFON and paves way towards a more rationale development of mixed matrix membranes
Kurban, Ugur. "Micro-capteur magnétique 3D haute résolution compatible avec les technologies de l'intégration : application au suivi magnétique de trace lors d'interventions endovasculaires." Strasbourg, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STRA6200.
Повний текст джерелаBlasco, Hugues. "Methodes acoustiques pour caractériser les propriétés mécaniques des muscles : approche fondamentale sur le tissu musculaire de souris. Vers une application clinique pour la dystrophie musculaire de Duchenne." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20129/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe muscular dystrophy of Duchenne (DMD) lead a progressive loss of the muscular strength. The objective of this present work is to study the sensibility of an ultrasound acoustic method (50 MHz) and a résonant method (25 kHz) to the changes of properties of muscle tissues of mdx mice models. The mesured parameters are the ultrasound attenuation for the echographic method and the complexe shear modulus for the résonant method.In this manuscript we explain the development of these two methods adapted to the study of two muscular tissues of mouse: the diaphragm and the skin. The ultrasound method allowed to quantify the changes of biological properties of the diaphragm according to the percentage of non muscular area on 3-month-old mice in 24 months. The résonant acoustic method, generates a field pressure in the tissue leading a shearing tissue. This method allowed to estimate différences of mechanical properties on the diaphragm and on the skin between healthy tissues and pathological tissues. We think the obtained results authorize the development of the resonant method for in vivo applications to human touched by DMD
Bardyn, Jean-Paul. "Amplificateurs CMOS faible bruit pour applications sonar." Lille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL10167.
Повний текст джерелаGallorini, Romuald. "Conception en technologie CMOS standard d'une interface pour capteurs capacitifs dédiée à la mesure d'humidité relative." Lyon, INSA, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ISAL0021.
Повний текст джерелаThe continous improvement of performences, secutity and power efficiency lead to the growth of sensors interaction in many applications. This thesis reports on a capacitive sensor interaction for automotive and public applications. It is based on a two-points calibration by PROM while the linear behaviour of the sensor characteristics is achieved thanks to a modular multibits technology to build a relative humidity probe from a commercial discret sensor
Fourment, Sabine. "Intégration multifonctionnelle dans un microsystème optique : application à un capteur de déplacement." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30064.
Повний текст джерелаIn Micro Optical Electromechanical Systems (MOEMs), functional integration paves the way for miniaturized systems, an increase in the functionality of current optic systems and the emergence of new systems. This integration relies on the design and development of collective, low cost technological processes using microelectronics on silicon. This work consists in miniaturizing a long range and nanometer resolved displacement sensor based on diffractive and interferometric phenomena. First, the interest and feasibility of integration of optic and electronic functions on silicon platform, using conventional CMOS technology is discussed. In the second part, an ultimate level of integration, based on original principle of interferometric detection, is proposed. First, the compatibility of standard CMOS technology with the sensor specifications is demonstrated, in particular in the photodetection domain. Then, we present the study of optoASICs including photodiodes and signal processing. Support card design, the component transfer onto this card and integration of the whole assembly into a compact and functional package are described and a prototype is fabricated
Wang, Xiaoyin. "Bayesian analysis of capture-recapture models /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3060157.
Повний текст джерелаBellach, Benaissa. "Capteurs d'images : application à l'observation et à la mesure de vitesse de phénomènes lumineux rapides." Dijon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DIJOS065.
Повний текст джерелаAllen, A. J. (Aaron John). "Capture, storage, and analysis of video images on the Alcator C-mod tokamak." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10341.
Повний текст джерелаGautrand, Anne. "Étude et modélisation des phénomènes de transfert de charges dans les capteurs d'images à pixels actifs PhotoMOS." École nationale supérieure de l'aéronautique et de l'espace (Toulouse ; 1972-2007), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ESAE0011.
Повний текст джерелаZhou, Lingchuan. "Conception d'un capteur ECG intégré non-magnétique, compatible avec l'environnement IRM : Application à la synchronisation optimisée de l'imagerie cardiaque." Strasbourg 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008STR13092.
Повний текст джерелаImprovement on the quality of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) highly requires more accurate electrocardiogram (ECG) signals used for sequence synchronization algorithms. However large artefacts may be superimposed on the ECG signal due to the static magnetic field, the gradient of magnetic field and radiofrequency pulses. The objective of this work consists in designing an integrated ECG sensor to deliver an ECG signal without artefact to be used in MRI. The design constraints in microelectronics are mainly due to the nature of the ECG which is of small amplitude and low frequencies. Proposed solutions consist of implementations of an AC-coupled input stage, an instrumentation amplifier designed by using second generation current conveyors (CCII) and a switched-capacitor low-pass filter. The final ECG acquisition system was mainly composed of these elementary circuits and integrated in a standard CMOS AMS 0. 35 µm technology. We carried out a series of recordings of ECG in MRI environment in order to validate the integrated circuit. The results show that the designed integrated ECG sensor exhibits good performances allowing an optimized synchronization of cardiac MRI imaging by ECG
Dahoumane, Mokrane. "Conception, réalisation et caractérisation de l’électronique intégrée de lecture et de codage des signaux des détecteurs de particules chargées à pixels actifs en technologie CMOS." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA6236.
Повний текст джерелаThe future big experiments for exploring the fundamental laws of the Nature (e. G. International Linear Collider, ILC) require Vertex Detectors of high spatial resolution and granularity, very thin and radio-tolerant, which are out of reach of the current detection technologies. This observation is at the origin of the development of a novel technology, CMOS Active Pixel Sensors. The spatial resolution of the sensor is a major performance. It results from the sharing of the charges created by a charged particle when it crosses -and ionizes- the sensitive volume. The encoding of the charge collected by each pixel bases on an ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter), which must be integrated on the substrate sheltering the sensitive volume of the sensor. This ADC must be precise, compact, fast and dissipating low power. The objective through this thesis was to design an ADC fulfilling these conflicting requirements. First, several architectures of a sample-hold-amplifier were studied for conditioning the low signal coming from the pixel. An original architecture of this stage was designed. The pipelined architecture was chosen to develop the ADC. The basic configuration 1. 5 bit/stage was implemented to test the validity of the concept, because it allows minimizing the constraints of each single stage. We optimized the ADC pipelined architecture by introducing the double sampling concept on a configuration of 2. 5 bits/stage, this allowed to minimize the dimensions and the power. The double sampling combined with the 1. 5 bit inter-stage resolution constituted a second improvement of the ADC architecture. A new architecture of the ADC adapted to the pixel command sequence was proposed
Lawson, Bruno. "Nouvelle approche de suivi non invasif de l'alcoolémie par perspiration à l'aide de multicapteurs MOX." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0698.
Повний текст джерелаA new approach of a noninvasive detection of blood alcohol concentration using ethanol microsensors based on SnO2 Is developed in this work. The methodology is based on an indirect detection of blood alcohol concentration by measuring the ethanol vapor emitted through the skin perspiration after alcohol consumption. In order to validate this approach, first we demonstrated the relevance and the feasibility of this detection method by carrying out pilot clinical trials in collaboration with a medical team of pharmacological study of CPCET Marseille. The different measurements of the ethanol concentration carried out in biological fluids such as blood and exhaled air could be precisely correlated with the measurements of ethanol vapors performed through the perspiration using three commercial gas microsensors based on metal oxides integrated into a bracelet. . These devices have the advantage of being sensitive but not selective to the nature of the gas detected. During this thesis work, sensitive layers of SnO2 were deposited by reactive magnetron RF sputtering on a transducer patented by our team, integrating three sensors on the same chip. The optimization of the deposition parameters and the structural analyzes of the SnO2 layers, allowed us to develop an ethanol multi-sensor demonstrating performances under ethanol; in terms of sensitivity on humidity, repeatability and response and recovery times as well as from the point of selectivity
Cohen, Muriel. "Caractérisation des modes de défaillance des capteurs d'images CMOS à pixels actifs en environnement spatial." Toulouse, ENSAE, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ESAE0019.
Повний текст джерелаHassine, Souha. "Application du pont actif différentiel à la mesure de la température faible consommation sur CMOS." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20217/document.
Повний текст джерелаSeveral sensors using standard microelectronic technologies (MOS) have been developed based on mechanical or thermal structures to perform transduction functions by the ‘Microsystems' Team of the LIRMM. These sensors are mainly resistive thanks to their design simplicity and low cost. However, one of their major problems, power consumption and noise are the most notable. In another thesis, a new conditioning circuit called 'Active Bridge' has been proposed. This circuit, presented as an 'alternative' to the traditional Wheatstone bridge, reduces considerably the power consumption while providing an important signal amplification. In this context, the objective of this thesis is to evaluate the usefulness of the Active Bridge in a temperature sensor application.The temperature measurement is at the heart of many applications. Many instruments have been developed, the best known remaining mercury thermometer. Today, the temperature sensors are widely used in measuring systems, instrumentation and control systems. Given the wide application areas, propose, in the context of embedded systems, a resistive temperature sensor ultra-low power, high performance and small remains relevant.After an overview of the existing solutions for this kind of application, the first part of the thesis introduces the principle of the differential Active Bridge. So, different architectures of temperature sensors optimized in terms of consumption are proposed, modeled and characterized. These studies show the dependency of the operating point of the sensor to the process and mismatch variations process. Therefore, in order to control the operating point, a voltage to current conversion has been implemented. Finally, the sensor has been integrated into a Sigma Delta modulator to implement a digital feedback. Finally, a conclusion of the issues and different results have been discussed as conclusion in this manuscript
Maëstre, Stéphan. "Étude de courants parasites dans les imageurs CMOS à pixels actifs et de leurs effets induits." Toulouse, ENSAE, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ESAE0019.
Повний текст джерелаLauga-Larroze, Estelle. "Contribution à la conception de capteurs de vision CMOS à grande dynamique." Grenoble INPG, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPG0078.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis, carried out within the MEDEA + European project PICS, dealt with the design of CMOS imagers for automotive safety, security and professional broadcast applications. During this thesis, work was focused on improving the CMOS imager dynamic range while keeping minimal values for the fixed spatial noise, the power consumption and the pixel area. Several pixel architectures were investigated such as logarithmic architecture pixels, integration pixels and integration with light adaptive system. These studies resulted in the design of four CMOS imagers. Two circuits have been prototyped. The sensors performances obtained by test validate the proposed pixel architectures
Ewuame, Komi Atchou. "Analyse Expérimentale et Numérique des Contraintes Thermomécaniques Induites lors des Procédés Émergents de Fabrication de Puces Électroniques au moyen des Capteurs Embarqués." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM006/document.
Повний текст джерелаFor the thermomechanical stress assessment in silicon, piezoresistive sensors (in rosette) composed of 4nMOS and 4pMOS were developed and embedded into microelectronic products.The characteristic relations between piezoresistive, electrical and mechanical quantities were established.Piezoresistive quantities were identified thanks to a four-points bending calibration machine. This machine was designed and fabricated in the frame of this PhD and enables applying a known uniform uniaxial stress into silicon sample and then calculating the three piezoresistive coefficients.The sensors embedded into different technologies such as CMOS65, BiCMOS55, CMOS40, BSI140 and PIC25 were calibrated with this machine.These MOS sensors were used for studying stresses induced by TSV (CMOS65 technology), by packaging with 3D stacking (CMOS65 technology) and 2D stacking (BiCMOS55 technology).The results give stress components (σyy, σzz) which are not in a good agreement with simulation results. Electrical responses of the MOS oriented at 90° ([010] direction with respect to the x axis ([100] direction)) are questioned because the coefficients (π12) obtained from this MOS acts directly on the two components.In addition, stress variations in sensors area, as well as inter-chips and inter-wafers variabilities disturb the results.Integrated into the same test chip of the CMOS40 technology, different structures were studied, namely the MOS transistors, the bandgap structure and the poly-Si resistances which were also calibrated.For this technology, a study of thermomechanical stress induced by packaging revealed a significant impact on the output responses (MOS mobility, bandgap voltage). Through a minimization parametric study, this impact was reduced by controlling the geometrical dimensions of components and the material properties of the moulding compound.These results show that, MOS rosettes can be used as stress sensors but with a limited efficiency. The use of active resistances as stress sensors is therefore envisaged. However, these MOS can be used to study the impact of stresses on the chip operation
Carmignani, Corentin. "Conception, réalisation et caractérisation des propriétés électriques d'un capteur silicium micro-nano permettant une Co intégration CMOS / nano objets." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAT043/document.
Повний текст джерелаSince the beginning of the third millennium, domains such as automotive, medical, food industry or consumer electronics (smartphone, computer, Hi-Fi etc.) are increasingly demanding more electronics chips. Needs have evolved so that, chips have to embed multiple function and diversification has become the new paradigm of electronics researches. At the same time, new biological objects with very specific and diverse properties are discovered and studied. Some are considered as ultimate solution to answer new microelectronics challenges. Moreover, there is a scale similarity between the finest transistors and biological objects. We asked ourselves the question: Can we use this similarity to create hybrid device? First, we investigated the application of nano biological object as interconnections. Despite of research the electrical characterization of biological object is still difficult to manage unlike standard materials as semi-conductors, so we developed an easy to use electrical characterization platform. Some biological object naturally reacts with dangerous or pathogenic agents and could be custom manufactured as proteins. This kind of object can be useful to create new hybrid sensors. We worked on design, manufacturing and characterization of 3D hybrid sensors based on silicon nanowires driven by a CMOS circuit. Then we investigated, with a simulation study, the possibility to detect a fine electric charge with a silicone nanowire which is a current area of interest in sensors research
Youssef, Stéphanie. "Aide au concepteur pour la génération de masques analogiques, réutilisables et optimisés, en technologie CMOS nanométrique." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066645.
Повний текст джерелаElectronics and semiconductor are evolving at an ever-increasing rate. New technologies are also introduced to extend CMOS into nano/molecular scale MOSFET structures. Tighter time-to-market needs are pressing the need for an automated reliable analog design flow. Automatic layout generation is a key ingredient of such flow whose design challenges are drastically exacerbated when more complex circuits and newer technologies must be hosted. The thesis presents a designer-assisted, reusable and optimized analog layout generation flow that addresses the challenges facing the automation of analog circuits. It is part of CHAMS project developed in LIP6. It has been developed in 3 phases. Firstly, we designed a library of analog Smart Devices that are parameterized, reusable, and with different layout styles. A generic language was used to describe these Devices to ease the technology migration and the layout-induced parameters calculation. Secondly, we developed the tools to generate the layout of complex circuits using the library of Smart Devices, the technology files and the designer's geometrical placement constraints needed to guarantee a certain performance. An intelligent topological representation was used to efficiently place the circuit modules given the designer's set of constraints. Thirdly, we created algorithms to optimize the layouts for different aspect ratios to minimize the area and the routing parasitic. In parallel the algorithm directly calculates and back-annotates the layout-dependent parasitic parameters. This work provides a reliable and efficient solution to allow a fast, optimized and parasitic effects-aware layout generation of complex analog circuits
Lassoued, Saïda. "Modélisation de transistors a homo et hétéro-jonctions, compatibles avec une filière submicronique : influence de phénomènes quantiques." Lyon, INSA, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ISAL0089.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this work is the study of a submicronic bi polar transistor, compatible with a silicon technology (BICMOS), developed by CNET lndustry (Meylan-France). First of all, we discuss with the doping level profiles. We develop a (co)diffusion modeling into the polysilicon and the monocrystalline silicon underneath. Then, we present static electrical characteristics such Gummel's ones, and dynamic measurements such as capacitances. We consider the effects of process on device parameters such as current gain and cut-off frequency. These characterizations point out the technological drawbacks concerning the device behavior. The core of the subject lies in developing a bidimensional device simulator dealing with the so-called drift-diffusion model. Moreover, we have to model the electrical transport through a very thin oxide (15 A) located between polysilicon and monosilicon, which increases the gain current by decreasing the hale current. Then we add the resolution of the Schroedinger equation to make the simulations fully numerical. The method used for this former one is a transfer matrix algorithm. Finally, we study a hetero junction transistor structure: a bipolar transistor with a SiGe-doped base. This structure gives high cut-off frequency specified for RF applications
Bourdon, Hélène. "Développement et caractérisation de nouveaux procédés de dopage pour les technologies imageurs avancées." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STR13222.
Повний текст джерелаConcerning imager technologies development, specific doping processes at photo-sensitive junctions have been studied. The thesis can be separated in three main research axes. First of all, photodiode architecture has been optimized through localized boron implantations to improve dark current level or electrico-optical pixels separation. Then metal contamination impact on white pixels number inside pixels matrix has been studied. A classification of relative dangerousness of the typical microelectronic metallic contaminants is established. The dangerousness is linked to the diffusion length properties. The less the impurity diffuses, the more the white pixels number increases. These slow diffusers are not diluted into the whole bulk or trap at the wafer backside gettering centres. Moreover, an in-line contamination detection method has been proposed by the use of photoluminescence at room temperature. Finally the last study is focused on the realisation of advanced image sensor architecture, mainly the backside illumination one. The problematic deals with low thermal budget anneal of a doped area. We have demonstrated that the best solution is the use of a pulsed UV laser anneal. The anneal in melt mode is appropriated if there is no thick oxide on top of the stack. The anneal in sub-melt mode can be use at any case but it is necessary to perform multiple shots to have sufficient crystalline quality and boron activation