Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Cancer – Prédisposition (médecine)"
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Статті в журналах з теми "Cancer – Prédisposition (médecine)":
Couillet, A., D. Mouttet, V. Bonadona, and J. Henry. "Comment répondre aux demandes de mastectomie prophylactique controlatérale après un cancer du sein hors prédisposition génétique ? Perspectives éthiques et cliniques." Psycho-Oncologie 13, no. 2 (June 2019): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/pson-2019-0097.
Дисертації з теми "Cancer – Prédisposition (médecine)":
Bodin, Frédéric. "La mastectomie prophylactique : un prisme pour interroger la médecine contemporaine." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA3401.
Guenat, David. "Etude de la prédisposition génétique au cancer dans le syndrome de Williams-Beuren." Thesis, Besançon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BESA3008.
Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) is a genetic disorder caused by a microdeletion at 7q11.23. The case of a young girl with WBS who developed a Burkitt lymphoma at the age of 7 leads us to explore the genetic link between WBS and cancer. The study of a series of cancers occurred in WBS patients during childhood have shown that B-cell non hodgkin lymphoma are over-represented in this population since 73% cancer cases in WBS were B-NHL. The critical region of WBS was explored by array-CGH and high-throughput sequencing in normal and tumor samples from WBS patients. No loss of heterozygosity at 7q11.23 was found. ln addition, a somatic deletion at 7q11.23 was observed in a sporadic case of Burkitt lymphoma (Guenat D et al., J Hematol Oncol, 2014). DNA damage response mechanisms were then explored in primary fibroblast cell lines derived from WBS patients as well as in 293T cell line treated with siRNA targeting RFC2, GTF2/ and BAZ1 B, 3 genes mapping at 7q11.23 that encode proteins involved in DNA damage response. WBS patients cell lines have shown a defect in ATM/ ATR-dependent DNA damage response pathways (Guenat D et al., DNA Repair, article submitted). Haploinsufficiency of the 7q11.23 region associated with WBS might play a role in B-cell lymphomagenesis through the alteration of ATM/ATR-dependent DNA damage response pathways. However, these results deserve to be confirmed in mouse models that reproduce the complete genotype of human WBS. Finally, strong epidemiological data would be required to confirm the predisposition to cancer in WBS patients
Soirat, Nicolas. "Développement de méthodes bioinformatiques d'analyses combinatoires du patrimoine génétique de la tumeur et de son hôte : intérêt en diagnostic moléculaire et recherche transversale en cancérologie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023NORMC423.
High-throughput sequencing has encouraged personalised medicine through genomics, making it possible to identify molecular anomalies that increase the risk of cancer or guide therapeutic management. The interpretation of these variants is crucial, particularly for cancers, where the diversity of therapeutic indications requires large gene panels and rapid results to meet patient management constraints.We have developed DrugOrder, a tool that combines all available therapies for actionable variants (SNV, CNV and gene fusions). DrugOrder offers a classification based on the level of evidence for the therapy under consideration and the impact of the variant in oncogenesis. DrugOrder is also capable of identifying similarities between a new, undescribed variant and an equivalent variant already present in a database. DrugOrder was evaluated on two datasets, simulated and real, for which a set of actionable variants was previously known. The tool demonstrated its ability to prioritise these actionable variants effectively.In addition to short-read sequencing, new innovative technologies for long-read sequencing of DNA or mRNA offer the possibility of exploring complex events composed of structural variants or alternative isoforms of mRNA. Consequently, there is a need to develop integrative analysis methodologies that can detect these events from long- read sequencing data.With the development of LoRID, we have solved part of this challenge for patients with Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC) syndrome. LoRID is a complete pipeline that enables the assembly of alternative RNA isoforms and their annotation with a module called SOSTAR. The latter can be used to describe the different splicing events making up a given isoform, while quantifying the abundance of each isoform. Our tool was able to identify a SVA retrotransposon in a family suffering from HBOC syndrome with no known molecular anomalies, thus explaining the genetic trait of this syndrome in this family
Fabry, Valérie. "Les deuxièmes tumeurs malignes de l'enfant : à propos de 14 observations." Bordeaux 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR23008.
Girard, Nicolas. "Tumeurs intra-thoraciques : mutations oncogéniques et problématiques cliniques : prédisposition génétique au cancer broncho-pulmonaire chez le patient non-fumeur : hétérogénéité inter- et intra- tumorale des cancers broncho-pulmonaires : étude génomique intégrative des tumeurs épithéliales du thymus." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00926538.
Fantini-Hauwel, Carole. "Approche cognito-émotionnelle des prédispositions génétiques aux cancers colorectaux." Aix-Marseille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX10103.
Masson, Anne. "Médecine prédictive et maladies à révélation tardive : l'émergence d'une clinique du risque. Le modèle de la maladie de Huntington et des formes familiales de cancers." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA070079.
The purpose of this work is to study the impact of the practices of the predictive medicine, first, on the conception and the exercise of traditional medicine, and, moreover, on the individual who wonders about his risk to be affected, sooner or later, by the disease which strikes the family. This reflexion is about late onset diseases, with the Huntington disease and the familial cancers. The study was realized on a group of subjects at risk for Huntington disease, and who are requiring genetic testing. The identification of the unfavourable genetic status for a disease brings to a new state which is neither the health nor the illness, but which has the particularity to concern an original knowledge
Jouenne, Fanélie. "Apport du séquençage d’exomes constitutionnels dans l’identification de nouveaux gènes de prédisposition aux cancers, sarcomes et mélanomes pédiatriques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS224/document.
The aim of this thesis was to identify by sequencing of exomes new predisposing genes in 2 rare pathologies whose etiology is not well known.The first project involved a family with 3 cases of sarcomas, without mutation of TP53 gene. We identified a pathogenic mutation of the CDKN2A gene, in the 3 cases. Since CDKN2A gene is the major melanoma predisposing gene, we have searched in 3 different collections, sarcoma cases link to CDKN2A mutations. In total, we have identified 8 independent sarcomas cases, carrying a germline mutation of the CDKN2A gene and showed a loss of heterozygosity at the site of the constitutional mutation of CDKN2A in 5/7 cases, thus proving a complete loss of function. Since sarcomas are rare in carriers of CDKN2A mutations, we looked for potential modifying rare variants, by sequencing constitutional exomes of the 8 index cases, and identified 3 variants of the PDGFRA gene. Modeling studies have shown that 2 of these variants could have an impact on the structure of the extracellular domain of the PDGFRA protein. We have thus demonstrated that the CDKN2A gene can predispose to sarcomas and identified PDGFRA as a potential modifier gene. In the second project, we worked on childhood melanomas, of sporadic appearance. Our working hypothesis was that these melanomas occur as a result of a de novo genetic accident. We analyzed constitutional exomes of 41 trios (affected child and his 2 healthy parents). Our bioinformatics analyzes identified the existence of de novo post-zygotic mutations of genes involved in neural crest development or cancer, in 5 cases. More complete analyzes of tumor exomes are underway, as well as functional studies of genes and their mutations, in a chick embryo model.This work improves the understanding of molecular and cellular mechanisms that are deregulated in these diseases, thus opening up new therapeutic perspectives