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1
Nezzar, Adlen. "Molecular biology and thyroid cancer." Batna Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS) 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2015): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.48087/bjmstf.2015.2114.
Анотація:
Pendant les 20 dernières années, la compréhension de la biologie moléculaire des cancers de la thyroïde a progressé, le développement des analyses moléculaires laisse entrevoir des implications importantes pour une aide au diagnostic en pathologie thyroïdienne ; ces analyses moléculaires peuvent aussi potentiellement permettre de mieux apprécier le pronostic de certaines lésions thyroïdiennes. Quatre types de mutation représentent la grande majorité des mutations somatiques actuellement connues, ayant le plus grand impact pour le diagnostic et le pronostic des carcinomes folliculaires et papillaires de la thyroïde : il s’agit des mutations ponctuelles de BRAF et de RAS et des réarrangements de RET/PTC et de PAX8/ PPARγ. Les mutations constitutionnelles de RET permettent de distinguer les formes familiales et les formes sporadiques des carcinomes médullaires de la thyroïde. La mutation activatrice V600E du gène BRAF est l’évènement oncogénique le plus fréquent et le plus spécifique des carcinomes papillaires (CP). Les miARN devraient rapidement avoir un intérêt diagnostique des tumeurs folliculaires sur cytoponction, grâce aux travaux récents explorant un plus grand nombre de classes tumorales et notamment des groupes de tumeurs histologiquement atypiques.
2
Shrestha, Rupendra T., Darin Ruanpeng, and James V. Hennessey. "Cytomorphology of Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features and the Impact of New Nomenclature on Molecular Testing." Medical Sciences 7, no. 2 (January 22, 2019): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medsci7020015.
Анотація:
The re-naming of noninvasive follicular variant papillary thyroid cancer to the apparently non-malignant, noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) impacts the prevalence of malignancy rates, thereby affecting mutation frequency in papillary thyroid cancer. Preoperative assessment of such nodules could affect management in the future. The original publications following the designation of the new nomenclature have been extensively reviewed. With the adoption of NIFTP terminology, a reduction in the follicular variant of papillary thyroid cancer (FVPTC) prevalence is anticipated, as is a modest reduction of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) prevalence that would be distributed mainly across indeterminate thyroid nodules. Identifying NIFTP preoperatively remains challenging. RAS mutations are predominant but the presence of BRAF V600E mutation has been observed and could indicate inclusion of the classical PTC. The histological diagnosis of NIFTP to designate low-risk encapsulated follicular variant papillary thyroid cancers (EFVPTCs) would impact malignancy rates, thereby altering the mutation prevalence. The histopathologic criteria have recently been refined with an exclusion of well-formed papillae. The preoperative identification of NIFTP using cytomorphology and gene testing remains challenging.
3
Liu, Xiaoli, Justin Bishop, Yuan Shan, Sara Pai, Dingxie Liu, Avaniyapuram Kannan Murugan, Hui Sun, Adel K. El-Naggar, and Mingzhao Xing. "Highly prevalent TERT promoter mutations in aggressive thyroid cancers." Endocrine-Related Cancer 20, no. 4 (June 13, 2013): 603–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/erc-13-0210.
Анотація:
Mutations 1 295 228 C>T and 1 295 250 C>T (termed C228T and C250T respectively), corresponding to −124 C>T and −146 C>T from the translation start site in the promoter of the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene, have recently been reported in human cancers, but not in thyroid cancers yet. We explored these mutations in thyroid cancers by genomic sequencing of a large number of primary tumor samples. We found the C228T mutation in 0 of 85 (0.0%) benign thyroid tumors, 30 of 257 (11.7%) papillary thyroid cancers (PTC), 9 of 79 (11.4%) follicular thyroid cancers (FTC), 3 of 8 (37.5%) poorly differentiated thyroid cancers (PDTC), 23 of 54 (42.6%) anaplastic thyroid cancers (ATC), and 8 of 12 (66.7%) thyroid cancer cell lines. The C250T mutation was uncommon, but mutually exclusive with the C228T mutation, and the two mutations were collectively found in 11 of 79 (13.9%) FTC, 25 of 54 (46.3%) ATC, and 11 of 12 (91.7%) thyroid cancer cell lines. Among PTC variants, the C228T mutation was found in 4 of 13 (30.8%) tall-cell PTC (TCPTC), 23 of 187 (12.3%) conventional PTC, and 2 of 56 (3.6%) follicular variant PTC samples. No TERT mutation was found in 16 medullary thyroid cancer samples. The C228T mutation was associated with the BRAF V600E mutation in PTC, being present in 19 of 104 (18.3%) BRAF mutation-positive PTC vs 11 of 153 (7.2%) the BRAF mutation-negative PTC samples (P=0.0094). Conversely, BRAF mutation was found in 19 of 30 (63.3%) C228T mutation-positive PTC vs 85 of 227 (37.4%) C228T mutation-negative PTC samples (P=0.0094). We thus for the first time, to our knowledge, demonstrate TERT promoter mutations in thyroid cancers, that are particularly prevalent in the aggressive thyroid cancers TCPTC, PDTC, ATC and BRAF mutation-positive PTC, revealing a novel genetic background for thyroid cancers.
4
Krause, Kerstin, Stefan Karger, Oliver Gimm, Sien-Yi Sheu, Henning Dralle, Andrea Tannapfel, Kurt Werner Schmid, Corinne Dupuy, and Dagmar Fuhrer. "Characterisation of DEHAL1 expression in thyroid pathologies." European Journal of Endocrinology 156, no. 3 (March 2007): 295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-06-0596.
Анотація:
Iodotyrosine dehalogenase 1 (DEHAL1) is a transmembrane protein involved in the recycling of iodide in the human thyroid. The aim of the present study was (I) to investigate whether DEHAL1 expression is different in differentially functioning thyroid pathologies and (II) to evaluate DEHAL1 as a possible marker of thyroid cell differentiation. Design and methods: Real-time PCR for DEHAL1 and its isoform DEHAL1B was performed in a series of 105 thyroid specimens, including toxic thyroid nodules (TTN), Graves’ disease (GD) thyroids, benign cold thyroid nodules (CTN), normal thyroid tissues and thyroid cancers (follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTC), papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC), partially differentiated thyroid cancers (PDTC) and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas (ATC)). In addition, DEHAL1 protein expression was studied by immunohistochemistry in 163 benign and malignant thyroid pathologies and normal thyroids. Results: (I) The highest DEHAL1 mRNA levels were found in GD thyroids, while downregulation of DEHAL1 and DEHAL1B mRNA occurred in PTC and ATC (P<0.001 and <0.05 respectively); (II) DEHAL1 protein was overexpressed in TTNs and GD thyroids with predominant apical staining in all samples; (III) a weaker and patchy staining pattern was found in CTNs and normal thyroids; (IV) in differentiated thyroid cancers (FTC and PTC), a diffuse cytoplasmic DEHAL1 expression was found; and (V) in PDTC and ATC, DEHAL1 expression was faint or absent. Conclusion: Upregulation of DEHAL1 protein expression and sublocalisation of DEHAL1 at the apical cell pole in TTNs and GD thyroids is consistent with increased thyroid hormone turnover during thyrotoxicosis. Diffuse cytoplasmatic localisation or downregulation of DEHAL1 expression in thyroid cancers suggests alteration or loss of DEHAL1 function during thyroid cell dedifferentiation.
5
Ozmen, Hilal Kiziltunc, Seda Askin, Eda Simsek, Ayse Carlioglu, Şenay Arikan, and Mustafa Utlu. "Mean Platelet Volume and Red Cell Distribution Width in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients." Open Medicine Journal 6, no. 1 (December 20, 2019): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874220301603010094.
Анотація:
Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate MPV and RDW values in DTC patients. Background: Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (DTC) is subdivided into papillary, follicular and papillary micro thyroid cancers. Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) and red cell distribution width (RDW) are markers which have been investigated in many cancers, but no data are available for DTC. Objective: MPV and RDW values were assessed in 108 patients with DTC, consisting of 44 with Papillary Thyroid Cancer (PTC) (mean age 43±13.9 years), 34 with Papillary Micro Thyroid Cancer (PmTC) (mean age 43.1 ± 10.6), and 28 with Follicular Cancer (FC) (mean age 46.9±12.5), and 77 control subjects (mean age 47.5±5.9). Methods: The patient and control groups were matched in terms of age, and body mass index. All subjects were investigated using platelet and biochemical parameters. Results: Both MPV [(PTC, PmTC, and FC) (p=0.000, p=0.000 and p=0.001, respectively)] and RDW (PTC, PmTC, and FC) (p=0.02, p=0.04 and p=0.02, respectively)] values increased in patients with DTC compared to the controls. MPV values were significantly positively correlated with CRP (r=0.247; p=0.043), postoperative thyroglobulin (r=0.246; p=0.03), gamma glutamyl transferase (r=0.024; p=0.762), tumor size (r=0.209; p=0.047) and RDW (r=0.207; p=0.005). Age, gender, total cholesterol, and C-reactive protein were identified as independent predictors of MPV. Adjustment for other these factors produced no alteration in these relative risks at multiple regression analysis. Conclusion: Our results suggest that patients with DTC have higher MPV and RDW values than healthy controls. MPV may represent a good follow-up criterion in DTC patients because of its positive correlation with tumor size and thyroglobulin.
6
Landa, Iñigo. "Advances in Thyroid Carcinoma." Cancers 14, no. 12 (June 13, 2022): 2908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14122908.
Анотація:
“Thyroid cancer” encompasses a heterogeneous group of tumors that range from the predominant papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) subtype, which shows excellent survival rates, to the poorly differentiated (PDTC) and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) forms, accounting for most of the disease-related morbidity and mortality [...]
7
Soni, H., J. Batra, S. Dhandayuthapani, A. Mishra, and J. Aggarwal. "Genetic Polymorphism in Papillary Thyroid Cancerm j in North Indian Population – A review." CARDIOMETRY, no. 25 (February 14, 2023): 1188–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2022.25.11881191.
Анотація:
Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is one of the generic types of thyroid cancer and most prevalent form of malignancy among all cancers of the thyroid. It is also one of the few cancers with a rapidly increasing incidence. PTC constitutes approximately 85% of all thyroid cancer cases. PTC is usually contained within the thyroid gland and generally biologically indolent. The present article provides an updated condensed overview of PTC, which focuses mainly on the molecular and biomarker investigations.
8
Martin, Sorina, Theodor Mustata, Oana Enache, Oana Ion, Andreea Chifulescu, Anca Sirbu, Carmen Barbu, et al. "Platelet Activation and Inflammation in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Cancer." Diagnostics 11, no. 11 (October 22, 2021): 1959. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11111959.
Анотація:
Background: The primary endpoint was to analyze the preoperatory inflammatory markers and platelet indices in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients compared with patients with benign thyroid pathology. The secondary endpoints were to analyze the relationship between these markers and the pathological features of PTC and to compare their pre- and postoperative levels in PTC patients. Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, we analyzed the files of 1183 patients submitted to thyroidectomy between January 2012 and December 2018. A total of 234 patients with PTC (mean age 51.54 ± 13.10 years, 84.6% females) were compared with an age-, gender- and BMI-matched control group of 108 patients with histologic benign thyroid disorders. Results: PTC patients had higher platelet count (PLT) (p = 0.011), plateletcrit (PCT) (p = 0.006), neutrophil (p = 0.022) and fibrinogen (p = 0.005) levels. Subgroup analysis showed that PTC females had higher PLT (p = 0.006), PCT (p < 0.001) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (p = 0.005), while males had higher neutrophil (p = 0.040) levels. Papillary thyroid cancer patients under 55 years had higher PLT (p < 0.001) and PCT (p = 0.010), while patients over 55 years had higher mean platelet volume (p = 0.032), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (p = 0.013), ESR (p = 0.005) and fibrinogen (p = 0.019) levels. Preoperative values for platelet indices and inflammatory markers were similar to the postoperative determinations in PTC patients. Fibrinogen (AUROC = 0.602, p = 0.02; cut-off = 327.5 mg/dL, Se = 53.8%, Sp = 62.9%) and PLT (AUROC = 0.584, p = 0.012; cut-off = 223.5 × 103/mm3, Se = 73.1%, Sp = 42.6%) were independent predictors of the presence of PTC. Conclusions: Our data show that fibrinogen and platelet count could be promising, inexpensive, independent predictors for the presence of PTC when compared with benign thyroid disorders.
9
Arican, Cigdem D., Tulin Ozturk, Muhammet Sait Sager, Ipek Sertbudak, Serkan Teksoz, Cansu Turker Saricoban, and Abdulkerim Uygur. "Incidental Papillary Microcarcinoma and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in Multinodular Goiter." Analytical Cellular Pathology 2023 (January 14, 2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/2768344.
Анотація:
Introduction. This study aimed to examine the incidence of incidental papillary microcarcinoma (PMC) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in patients with benign multinodular goiter (MNG) and to compare their relationship with some prognostic factors from a new perspective. Methods. Bilateral total thyroidectomy (BTT) was used to evaluate the data of 716 patients who underwent a surgery for MNG. The prognostic data for these tumors and the relationship between patients with bilateral and multifocal tumors were evaluated using statistical tests. Results. Papillary carcinomas were detected in 201 patients, PMC in 134 of them, and PTCs in 67. Bilaterality was more common in patients with PTCs than in those with PMC. The incidence of bilaterality in male patients with PTC was statistically more common. The presence of intra-tumoral lymphocytes was higher in multifocal PTC cases than in unifocal PTC cases. Conclusion. The results revealed that the number of PMC s was high in incidental tumors, and patients with PTC with male sex, bilaterality, multifocality, and tumor capsule invasion were associated with poor prognosis.
10
Tao, Ling, Li Yang, Ping Tian, Xiangyang Guo, and Yanping Chen. "Knockdown of circPVT1 inhibits progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma by sponging miR-126." RSC Advances 9, no. 23 (2019): 13316–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra01820d.
11
Degl'Innocenti, Debora, Paola Romeo, Eva Tarantino, Marialuisa Sensi, Giuliana Cassinelli, Veronica Catalano, Cinzia Lanzi, et al. "DUSP6/MKP3 is overexpressed in papillary and poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma and contributes to neoplastic properties of thyroid cancer cells." Endocrine-Related Cancer 20, no. 1 (November 6, 2012): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/erc-12-0078.
Анотація:
Thyroid carcinomas derived from follicular cells comprise papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), follicular thyroid carcinoma, poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) and undifferentiated anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). PTC, the most frequent thyroid carcinoma histotype, is associated with gene rearrangements that generateRET/PTCandTRKoncogenes and withBRAF-V600Eand RAS gene mutations. These last two genetic lesions are also present in a fraction of PDTCs. The ERK1/2 pathway, downstream of the known oncogenes activated in PTC, has a central role in thyroid carcinogenesis. In this study, we demonstrate that theBRAF-V600E,RET/PTC, andTRKoncogenes upregulate the ERK1/2 pathway's attenuator cytoplasmic dual-phase phosphatase DUSP6/MKP3 in thyroid cells. We also show DUSP6 overexpression at the mRNA and protein levels in all the analysed PTC cell lines. Furthermore,DUSP6mRNA was significantly higher in PTC and PDTC in comparison with normal thyroid tissues both in expression profile datasets and in patients' surgical samples analysed by real-time RT-PCR. Immunohistochemical and western blot analyses showed that DUSP6 was also overexpressed at the protein level in most PTC and PDTC surgical samples tested, but not in ATC, and revealed a positive correlation trend with ERK1/2 pathway activation. Finally,DUSP6silencing reduced the neoplastic properties of four PTC cell lines, thus suggesting thatDUSP6may have a pro-tumorigenic role in thyroid carcinogenesis.
12
Yun, Hyeok Jun, Minki Kim, Sang Yong Kim, Sungsoon Fang, Yonjung Kim, Hang-Seok Chang, Ho-Jin Chang, and Ki Cheong Park. "Effects of Anti-Cancer Drug Sensitivity-Related Genetic Differences on Therapeutic Approaches in Refractory Papillary Thyroid Cancer." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 2 (January 9, 2022): 699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23020699.
Анотація:
Thyroid cancer (TC) includes tumors of follicular cells; it ranges from well differentiated TC (WDTC) with generally favorable prognosis to clinically aggressive poorly differentiated TC (PDTC) and undifferentiated TC (UTC). Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is a WDTC and the most common type of thyroid cancer that comprises almost 70–80% of all TC. PTC can present as a solid, cystic, or uneven mass that originates from normal thyroid tissue. Prognosis of PTC is excellent, with an overall 10-year survival rate >90%. However, more than 30% of patients with PTC advance to recurrence or metastasis despite anti-cancer therapy; consequently, systemic therapy is limited, which necessitates expansion of improved clinical approaches. We strived to elucidate genetic distinctions due to patient-derived anti-cancer drug-sensitive or -resistant PTC, which can support in progress novel therapies. Patients with histologically proven PTC were evaluated. PTC cells were gained from drug-sensitive and -resistant patients and were compared using mRNA-Seq. We aimed to assess the in vitro and in vivo synergistic anti-cancer effects of a novel combination therapy in patient-derived refractory PTC. This combination therapy acts synergistically to promote tumor suppression compared with either agent alone. Therefore, genetically altered combination therapy might be a novel therapeutic approach for refractory PTC.
13
Rosario, Pedro Weslley, and Gabriela Franco Mourão. "Noninvasive Encapsulated Papillary RAS-Like Thyroid Tumor (NEPRAS)." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): A894. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1825.
Анотація:
Abstract Introduction: The diagnosis of thyroid tumors arising from follicular cells that are encapsulated/well delimited and noninvasive is a challenge. When unequivocal nuclear alterations are present, the final diagnosis can range from noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) and classical/encapsulated papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), including aggressive subtypes, to poorly differentiated carcinoma. As proposed recently, the presence of papillae in the absence of exuberant nuclear alterations (nuclear score 2), given that the other criteria for NIFTP are met, may not be sufficient for the diagnosis of PTC. This condition is called “noninvasive encapsulated papillary RAS-like thyroid tumor” (NEPRAS), whose nature would be borderline and not malignant. Revising our cases of tumors > 1 cm that were diagnosed previously as PTC and that were encapsulated/well delimited and noninvasive, we found three cases of NEPRAS. We now revised our cases of tumors > 1 cm diagnosed previously as well-differentiated tumor of uncertain malignant potential (WDT-UMP) because the nuclear alterations were not considered to be sufficient for the diagnosis of PTC on that occasion. Case: In a 29-year-old euthyroid male patient with a single thyroid nodule whose fine-needle aspiration had revealed indeterminate cytology, a single tumor measuring 3.2 cm was reclassified from WDT-UMP to NEPRAS. For this diagnosis, the tumor met the following criteria: encapsulation or clear demarcation, no vascular or capsular invasion, presence of papillae, < 30% solid/trabecular/insular growth pattern, no tumor necrosis or high mitotic activity, and nuclear score 2. The BRAFV600E mutation was absent. The patient continues to show no signs of recurrence 7 years after lobectomy. Conclusion: Despite the presence of papillae, some tumors may be reclassified from malignant (encapsulated PTC) to borderline (NEPRAS). This proposal would result in a change of management, with the same implications as those seen for the change from noninvasive encapsulated follicular variant of PTC to NIFTP. References: Ohba K et al. Encapsulated Papillary Thyroid Tumor with Delicate Nuclear Changes and a KRAS Mutation as a Possible Novel Subtype of Borderline Tumor. J Pathol Transl Med. 2019;53:136-41 AND Rosario PW. Noninvasive encapsulated papillary RAS-like thyroid tumor (NEPRAS) or encapsulated papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). J Pathol Transl Med. 2020;54:263-4.
14
Ying, Tianxing, Xumeng Wang, Yunjin Yao, Jimeng Yuan, Shitu Chen, Liping Wen, Zhijian Chen, et al. "Integrative Methylome and Transcriptome Characterization Identifies SERINC2 as a Tumor-Driven Gene for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma." Cancers 15, no. 1 (December 30, 2022): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15010243.
Анотація:
Most papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) can be diagnosed preoperatively by routine evaluation, such as thyroid ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Nevertheless, understanding how to differentiate indolent thyroid tumors from aggressive thyroid cancers remains a challenge, which may cause overtreatment. This study aimed to identify papillary thyroid cancer-specific indicators with whole-genome DNA methylation and gene expression profiles utilizing Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip (850k) and RNA arrays. In this paper, we report SERINC2 as a potential tumor-driven indicator in PTC. The up-regulated expression levels of SERINC2 were verified in PTC cell lines via qPCR. Then, cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8), wound healing, and flow cytometric assays were performed to confirm the influence of SERINC2 on proliferation and apoptosis in PTC cell lines after intervention or overexpression. Moreover, the investigation of data from the Cancer Dependency Map (DepMap) provided a potential pathway targeted by SERINC2. The activation of the tryptophan metabolic pathway may reduce the dependency of SERINC2 in thyroid cancers. In conclusion, our results demonstrate the whole-genome DNA methylation and gene expression profiles of papillary thyroid carcinoma, identify SERINC2 as a potential tumor-driven biomarker, and preliminarily verify its function in PTC.
15
Rusinek, Dagmara, Sylwia Szpak-Ulczok, and Barbara Jarzab. "Gene expression profile of human thyroid cancer in relation to its mutational status." Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 47, no. 3 (July 28, 2011): R91—R103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/jme-11-0023.
Анотація:
This review describes the gene expression profile changes associated with the presence of different mutations that contribute to thyroid cell carcinogenesis. The results are discussed in the context of thyroid cancer biology and of the implications for disease prognosis, while the diagnostic aspect has been omitted. For papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), the most characteristic gene expression profile is associated with the presence ofBRAFmutation. BRAF-associated PTC differ profoundly from RET/PTC or RAS-associated cancers. Simultaneously, they retain many characteristic gene expression features common for all PTCs, induced by the alternative mutations activating MAPK pathway. Although the difference between papillary and follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) is significant at the gene expression profile level, surprisingly, the RAS-related signature of FTC is not well specified.PAX8/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) rearrangements, which occur in FTC as an alternative to theRASmutation, are associated with specific changes in gene expression. Furthermore, the difference between well-differentiated thyroid cancers and poorly differentiated and anaplastic thyroid cancers is mainly a reflection of tumor degree of differentiation and may not be attributed to the presence of characteristic mutations.
16
Panebianco, Federica, Alyaksandr V. Nikitski, Marina N. Nikiforova, Cihan Kaya, Linwah Yip, Vincenzo Condello, Abigail I. Wald, Yuri E. Nikiforov, and Simion I. Chiosea. "Characterization of thyroid cancer driven by known and novel ALK fusions." Endocrine-Related Cancer 26, no. 11 (November 2019): 803–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/erc-19-0325.
Анотація:
ALK fusions are found in various tumors, including thyroid cancer, and serve as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target. Spectrum and outcomes of ALK fusions found in thyroid nodules and cancer are not fully characterized. We report a series of 44 ALK-translocated thyroid neoplasms, including 31 identified preoperatively in thyroid fine-needle aspirates (FNA). The average patients’ age was 43 years (range, 8–76 years); only one with radiation history. All 19 resected thyroid nodules with ALK fusion identified preoperatively were malignant. Among nodules with known surgical pathology (n = 32), 84% were papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) and 16% poorly differentiated thyroid carcinomas (PDTCs). PTCs showed infiltrative growth with follicular architecture seen exclusively (30%) or in combination with papillary and/or solid growth (37%). Tumor multifocality was seen in 10 (31%) PTC cases. Most PDTC had a well-differentiated PTC component. Lymph node metastases were identified in 10/18 (56%) patients with neck dissection. The most common ALK fusion partners were STRN (n = 22) and EML4 (n = 17). In five cases, novel ALK fusion partners were discovered. All five PDTCs carried STRN-ALK fusion. On follow-up, ten patients were free of disease at 2–108 months, whereas two patients with PDTC died of disease. In summary, ALK fusion-positive thyroid carcinomas are typically infiltrative PTC with common follicular growth, which may show tumor dedifferentiation associated with increased mortality. Compared to EML4-ALK, STRN-ALK may be more common in PDTC, and ~10% of ALK fusions occur to rare gene partners. When ALK fusion is detected preoperatively in FNA samples, malignancy should be expected.
17
Jin, Meihua, Dong Eun Song, Jonghwa Ahn, Eyun Song, Yu-Mi Lee, Tae-Yon Sung, Tae Yong Kim, et al. "Genetic Profiles of Aggressive Variants of Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas." Cancers 13, no. 4 (February 20, 2021): 892. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13040892.
Анотація:
Aggressive variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) have been described with increasing frequency and are associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes. However, limited data exist on the comprehensive genetic profile of these variants. We performed targeted next-generation sequencing in 36 patients with aggressive variants of PTC and compared it to PTC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project and poorly differentiated thyroid cancers (PDTCs)/anaplastic thyroid cancers (ATCs) from the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC). BRAF mutation was the most prevalent (89%) in aggressive variants of PTC compared to that in other thyroid cancers. RAS mutation was identified in one patient (3%), which was less frequent than in others. TERT promoter mutation (17%) ranged between that of PTCs (9%) and PDTCs (40%). Tumor suppressor genes, ZFHX3, TP53, and CHEK2, were mutated in 14%, 3%, and 6% of aggressive variants of PTC, respectively. The mutation rate of TP53 (3%) was significantly higher than that of PTCs (0.7%) and lower than that of ATCs (73%). Mutations in three functional groups, histone methyl transferases, SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, were present in 11%, 14%, and 11% of samples, respectively. In conclusion, aggressive variants of PTC had higher BRAF and lower NRAS mutation prevalence than other thyroid cancers. The prevalence of mutations in the TERT promoter, TP53, and genes encoding three functional groups ranged between that of PTCs and PDTCs/ATCs.
18
Joseph, Dr Liz Maria, and Dr Sankar S. "Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with Lung Metastasis after 31 Years: A Case Report." East African Scholars Journal of Medical Sciences 5, no. 3 (March 13, 2022): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easms.2022.v05i03.002.
Анотація:
Thyroid cancers are the most common endocrine malignant tumors. Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common histological type of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), accounting for 90% of thyroid cancers. PTC commonly metastasizes to regional lymph nodes. However, distant metastasis may rarely occur and accounts for 5% of the patients. The lungs and the bones are the most common sites for distant metastasis. Major risk factors for PTC include radiation exposure, insufficient or excess dietary iodine, Cowden’s disease, Gardner’s syndrome and dyshormonogenetic goiter. The serum thyroglobulin (Tg) level is the most sensitive and reliable marker indicating persistent or recurrent disease during follow-up after total or near-total thyroidectomy and I131 remnant ablation in patients with DTC.
19
Schlumberger, M. "Cancer papillaire et folliculaire de la thyroïde." Annales d'Endocrinologie 68, no. 2-3 (June 2007): 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2007.04.004.
20
Weng, Xun, YangYang, and Yujiao Cai. "Clinical Significance of Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) and Survivin on Predicting Prognosis in Thyroid Cancer Patients." Disease Markers 2022 (January 31, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5188006.
Анотація:
Background. Clinical significance of circulating tumor cell (CTC) count, mesenchymal CTCs (MCTCs), and survivin in patients with thyroid cancer remains unclear. We evaluated the relationship between the expression of different CTC subtypes or survivin and the prognosis in patients with thyroid cancer. Patients and Methods. This study enrolled 164 patients with thyroid cancer who were diagnosed from January 2013 to September 2020 in our hospital. Among these patients, there were 73 cases with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), 60 cases with follicular thyroid cancer (FTC), 12 medullary thyroid cancers (MTC), 10 poorly differentiated thyroid cancers (PDTC), 9 anaplastic thyroid cancers, and 10 control patients with nonmalignant thyroid nodules based on their histopathological characteristics. Only 5 milliliters (mL) of peripheral blood from the patients with thyroid cancer and control was used to detect the CTC cell number via CanPatrol capture technique before treatments. We also isolated mononuclear cells (MNC) from the peripheral blood and performed quantity reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for survivin gene expression among these patients. Results. The overall positive rates of CTC at diagnosis were 56.1%. The relapse and metastasis rates in PTC and FTC patients with more than 6 CTCs and positive MCTCs were significantly higher than those in the patients with 6 or less than 6 CTCs and MCTCs. It was also found that these patients with >6 CTCs and MCTCs had shorter progression-free survival (PFS). Additionally, the survivin level of the patients with thyroid cancer was strongly relative to differentiation grades of thyroid cancers. Conclusions. The detection of more than six of total CTCs and positive MCTCs in the patients with differentiated thyroid cancer is an excellent biomarker for predicting the prognosis of patients. Survivin also is a good biomarker for thyroid cancer differentiation.
21
di Masi, Alessandra, Rosario Luigi Sessa, Ylenia Cerrato, Gianni Pastore, Barbara Guantario, Roberto Ambra, Michael Di Gioacchino, et al. "Unraveling the Effects of Carotenoids Accumulation in Human Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma." Antioxidants 11, no. 8 (July 27, 2022): 1463. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11081463.
Анотація:
Among the thyroid cancers, papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) accounts for 90% of the cases. In addition to the necessity to identify new targets for PTC treatment, early diagnosis and management are highly demanded. Previous data indicated that the multivariate statistical analysis of the Raman spectra allows the discrimination of healthy tissues from PTC ones; this is characterized by bands typical of carotenoids. Here, we dissected the molecular effects of carotenoid accumulation in PTC patients by analyzing whether they were required to provide increased retinoic acid (RA) synthesis and signaling and/or to sustain antioxidant functions. HPLC analysis revealed the lack of a significant difference in the overall content of carotenoids. For this reason, we wondered whether the carotenoid accumulation in PTC patients could be related to vitamin A derivative retinoic acid (RA) biosynthesis and, consequently, the RA-related pathway activation. The transcriptomic analysis performed using a dedicated PCR array revealed a significant downregulation of RA-related pathways in PTCs, suggesting that the carotenoid accumulation in PTC could be related to a lower metabolic conversion into RA compared to that of healthy tissues. In addition, the gene expression profile of 474 PTC cases previously published in the framework of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TGCA) project was examined by hierarchical clustering and heatmap analyses. This metanalysis study indicated that the RA-related pathways resulted in being significantly downregulated in PTCs and being associated with the follicular variant of PTC (FV-PTC). To assess whether the possible fate of the carotenoids accumulated in PTCs is associated with the oxidative stress response, the expression of enzymes involved in ROS scavenging was checked. An increased oxidative stress status and a reduced antioxidant defense response were observed in PTCs compared to matched healthy thyroids; this was possibly associated with the prooxidant effects of high levels of carotenoids. Finally, the DepMap datasets were used to profile the levels of 225 metabolites in 12 thyroid cancer cell lines. The results obtained suggested that the high carotenoid content in PTCs correlates with tryptophan metabolism. This pilot provided novel possible markers and possible therapeutic targets for PTC diagnosis and therapy. For the future, a larger study including a higher number of PTC patients will be necessary to further validate the molecular data reported here.
22
Molvi, Ahad Yousaf, Qandila Ali, Ayesha Pervaiz, Muhammad Paras Naseem, Mubasher Ikram, and Rahim Dhanani. "Total Laryngectomy in Advanced Papillary Thyroid Cancer Infiltrating into Larynx: A Case Report & review of Literature." National Journal of Health Sciences 7, no. 4 (December 30, 2022): 196–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21089/njhs.74.0196.
Анотація:
Abstract: Among differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most commonly encountered histological type. Patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) show an excellent prognosis. Infiltration of PTC into the larynx is very rare and can worsen the disease prognosis. We are reporting one such rare case in which PTC showed invasion in the larynx causing narrowing of the airway. We performed total thyroidectomy with total laryngectomy and neck dissection.
23
Landa, Iñigo, Ian Ganly, Timothy A. Chan, Norisato Mitsutake, Michiko Matsuse, Tihana Ibrahimpasic, Ronald A. Ghossein, and James A. Fagin. "Frequent Somatic TERT Promoter Mutations in Thyroid Cancer: Higher Prevalence in Advanced Forms of the Disease." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 98, no. 9 (September 1, 2013): E1562—E1566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2013-2383.
Анотація:
Background: TERT encodes the reverse transcriptase component of telomerase, which adds telomere repeats to chromosome ends, thus enabling cell replication. Telomerase activity is required for cell immortalization. Somatic TERT promoter mutations modifying key transcriptional response elements were recently reported in several cancers, such as melanomas and gliomas. Objectives: The objectives of the study were: 1) to determine the prevalence of TERT promoter mutations C228T and C250T in different thyroid cancer histological types and cell lines; and 2) to establish the possible association of TERT mutations with mutations of BRAF, RAS, or RET/PTC. Methods: TERT promoter was PCR-amplified and sequenced in 42 thyroid cancer cell lines and 183 tumors: 80 papillary thyroid cancers (PTCs), 58 poorly differentiated thyroid cancers (PDTCs), 20 anaplastic thyroid cancers (ATCs), and 25 Hurthle cell cancers (HCCs). Results: TERT promoter mutations were found in 98 of 225 (44%) specimens. TERT promoters C228T and C250T were mutually exclusive. Mutations were present in 18 of 80 PTCs (22.5%), in 40 of 78 (51%) advanced thyroid cancers (ATC + PDTC) (P = 3 × 10−4 vs PTC), and in widely invasive HCCs (4 of 17), but not in minimally invasive HCCs (0 of 8). TERT promoter mutations were seen more frequently in advanced cancers with BRAF/RAS mutations compared to those that were BRAF/RAS wild-type (ATC + PDTC, 67.3 vs 24.1%; P < 10−4), whereas BRAF-mutant PTCs were less likely to have TERT promoter mutations than BRAF wild-type tumors (11.8 vs 50.0%; P = .04). Conclusions: TERT promoter mutations are highly prevalent in advanced thyroid cancers, particularly those harboring BRAF or RAS mutations, whereas PTCs with BRAF or RAS mutations are most often TERT promoter wild type. Acquisition of a TERT promoter mutation could extend survival of BRAF- or RAS-driven clones and enable accumulation of additional genetic defects leading to disease progression.
24
Poalelungi, Cătălina, Andra-Ileana Caragheorgheopol, and Sorina Violeta Schipor. "CLINICAL VALUE OF GALECTIN-3 IN DIFFERENTIATING PAPILLARY THYROID CANCER FROM NODULAR GOITER." Romanian Archives of Microbiology and Immunology 81, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.54044/rami.2022.01.04.
Анотація:
"Introduction: Thyroid cancer in one of the most common cancers worldwide, with an increasing incidence over the last decades. Serum Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is used as biomarker in different types of cancer (gastric, hepatic), but its utility in papillary thyroid cancer differential diagnostic in still inconclusive. Objectives: The present study aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of preoperative serum Galectin-3 levels in differentiating between papillary thyroid cancer and nodular goiter. Methods: 277 of serum samples from patients with thyroid lesions were divided into two subgroups: nodular goiter (NG; n = 121) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC; n = 136). Serum Gal-3 levels were measured before surgery for the entire group, and for 62 patients (33 NG, 29 PTC) it was measured a month post-surgery. Gal-3 was measured by ELISA, using Human Galectin-3 Quantikinine ELISA kit (R&D Systems) and statistical analysis were performed using MedCalc Software. All paticipants signed the written informed consent and the study was approved by the Ethics Commitee of the C.I. Parhon National Institute of Endocrinology, Bucharest. Results: Circulating Gal-3 values show that this biomarker has a higher value in PTC patients compared with NG patients (7.17 ng/ml vs. 8.285 ng/ml, p = 0.0038), before thyroidectomy. There were not observed significant statistical correlations between serum Gal-3 values and histological subtype, focality, invasivity or dominant nodule dimension. Conclusion: Our results regarding Gal-3 values show that this biomarker has a higher value in PTC patients compared with NG patients, but its clinical value in preoperative diagnosis and evaluation of thyroid nodules needs further investigations. Keywords: thyroid cancer, papillary thyroid carcinoma, galectin-3"
25
Pallante, Pierlorenzo, Rosa Visone, Carlo Maria Croce, and Alfredo Fusco. "Deregulation of microRNA expression in follicular cell-derived human thyroid carcinomas." Endocrine-Related Cancer 17, no. 1 (March 2010): F91—F104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/erc-09-0217.
Анотація:
Carcinoma of the thyroid gland is an uncommon cancer, but one of the most frequent malignancies of the endocrine system. Most thyroid cancers are derived from the follicular cells. Follicular carcinoma is considered more malignant than papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is one of the most lethal human cancers. Even though several genetic lesions have been already described in human thyroid cancer, particularly in the papillary histotype, the mechanisms underlying the development of these neoplasias are still far from being completely elucidated. Some years ago, several studies were undertaken to analyze the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) in thyroid carcinoma to evaluate a possible role of their deregulation in the process of carcinogenesis. These studies showed an aberrant microRNA expression profile that distinguishes unequivocally among PTC, ATC, and normal thyroid tissue. Here, other than summarizing the current findings on microRNA expression in human thyroid carcinomas, we discuss the mechanisms by which microRNA deregulation may play a role in thyroid carcinogenesis, and the possible use of microRNA knowledge in the diagnosis and therapy of thyroid neoplasms.
26
Sahar, Abd ELmogheth Madani, and Gotsiridze Irine. "Study of BRAF and RAS Mutations in Thyroid Nodules with Indeterminate Cytology and Papillary Thyroid Cancer." Food Processing & Nutritional Science 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.46619/fpns.2020.1-1009.
Анотація:
OBJECTIVES Thyroid cancer Treatment decision-making is often guided by tumor tissue molecular analysis. The aim of this study was the detection of BRAF, NRAS and HRAS mutations in Georgian patients with thyroid cancer and determination of the frequency of these mutations in the respective populations. SETTING Diagnostic molecular laboratory located in Tbilisi, Georgia. PARTICIPANTS 116 patients with thyroid cancer participated in the study. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Genetic change is the main force of thyroid tumor development, based on new methods of managing thyroid cancer. The latest significant genetic discovery in thyroid cancer is the BRAF-T1799A (V600E) transformation (the gene for B-type RAF kinase, BRAF). Since the initial report of this breakthrough in thyroid cancer years ago, rapid progress has been made. The BRAF mutation is the most common genetic change in thyroid cancer. BRAF and NRAS mutations are frequent genetic alterations found in thyroid nodules. These molecular markers establish a differential diagnosis and facilitate clinical decision-making. Prevalence of thyroid nodule-associated mutations has not been studied in Georgia. We evaluated BRAF, NRAS and HRAS mutations in Georgian patients with indeterminate cytology or diagnosed with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). RESULTS BRAF (V600E), NRAS (G12C, G12D, Q61R, and Q61K) and HRAS (G12C, G13R, and Q61R) were determined in the DNA extracted from fine needle aspirate specimens. In total, 116 patient samples were analyzed using competitive-specificTaqMan PCR (Cast PCR TM). In these samples, 36 were diagnosed as papillary thyroid carcinoma, and 80 were indeterminate by Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology (BSRTC III-V). BRAF (V600E) mutation was the most frequent genetic alteration found in 31% of all analyzed samples. Specifically, this mutation was present in 61% of PTC cases and 18% of cases classified as indeterminate (BSRTC III-V). NRAS mutations were present in 16% of PTC and 30% of indeterminate cytology samples. NRAS G12D and Q61R were most prevalent at 36.6% and 40% of all NRAS mutations. BSRTC IV category of indeterminate cytology had the highest frequency of NRAS mutations at 43%. From analyzed samples, HRAS (Q61R) mutation was present in only one PTC case.
27
Gao, Yun, Yi Pan, Tingting Wang, Ying Yao, Wenbo Yuan, Xue Zhu, and Ke Wang. "MicroRNA-99a-3p/GRP94 axis affects metastatic progression of human papillary thyroid carcinoma by regulating ITGA2 expression and localization." Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 53, no. 12 (October 23, 2021): 1650–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/abbs/gmab147.
Анотація:
Abstract Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) usually has favorable prognosis; however, distant metastasis is a leading cause of death associated with PTC. MicroRNA-99a-3p (miR-99a-3p) is a member of the miR-99 family that is shown to be a tumor suppressor in various human cancers including the anaplastic thyroid cancer, another type of thyroid cancer. The Cancer Genome Atlas database and our previous study reported that miR-99a-3p is downregulated in human PTC tissues as well as human papillary thyroid carcinoma B-CPAP and TPC-1 cell lines. However, its pathological role in PTC remains unclear, especially its impact on PTC metastasis. In the present study, the role of miR-99a-3p in PTC metastasis was molecularly evaluated in in vitro and in vivo models. Our functional study revealed that overexpressing miR-99a-3p significantly suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and anoikis resistance as well as migration and invasion of B-CPAP and TPC-1 cells. The mechanical study indicated that glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94) is the direct target of miR-99a-3p. Moreover, GRP94 overexpression reverses the inhibitory effect of miR-99a-3p on PTC metastasis. In addition, the miR-99a-3p/GRP94 axis exerts its effect via inhibiting the expression and cytoplasmic relocation of integrin 2α (ITGA2). Furthermore, in vivo experiments confirmed that miR-99a-3p significantly inhibits tumor growth and lung metastasis in PTC xenograft mice. Overall, our findings suggested that the miR-99a-3p/GRP94/ITGA2 axis may be a novel therapeutic target for the prevention of PTC metastasis.
28
DURMUŞ, Elif Tutku, Ayşegül ATMACA, Mehmet KEFELİ, Ramis ÇOLAK, Buğra DURMUŞ, and Cafer POLAT. "Papillary thyroid carcinoma prevalence and its predictors in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism." Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine 5, no. 5 (September 25, 2022): 1499–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1152567.
Анотація:
Aim: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) are among the most common endocrine diseases. Although it has been shown that hyperparathyroidism may be associated with various cancers, the question of whether there is an association between hyperparathyroidism and PTC remains controversial. To evaluate the incidence of concomitant PTC among patients with PHPT and to identify possible risk factors for the development of PTC in these patients.
Material and Method: The data of 543 patients who had been operated on due to PHPT in our institution were reviewed retrospectively. Patients who underwent thyroid surgery in conjunction with parathyroidectomy and patients whose diagnosis of PTC was confirmed histopathologically were compared in terms of their clinical, biochemical, and histopathological features. The prevalence of PTC found in patients with PHPT was compared with national rates to estimate standardized incidence ratios (SIRs).
Results: Of the 456 PHPT patients enrolled in the study, 281 (61.6%) had concomitant thyroid nodules on thyroid ultrasonography, and PTC was detected in 53 (11.6%) patients during their thyroid surgeries. Compared to the general population, the incidence of papillary thyroid cancer was increased in both women and men with PHPT (SIR: 272.2, 95% CI: 201.6-360.0, p
29
Perveen, Rahima, Jasmin Ferdous, Sharmin Quddus, and Tapati Mandal. "Solitary Liver Metastasis from Follicular Variant Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case Report." Bangladesh Journal of Nuclear Medicine 22, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnm.v22i2.51768.
Анотація:
Papillary and follicular thyroid carcinomas, together known as differentiated thyroid carcinomas (DTC), are among the most curable of cancers. Distant metastases are rare events at the onset of DTC. Sites of metastases from follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) are usually osseous, and those from papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) metastasize to regional nodal basins and the lungs. Visceral metastases are rare, but the involvement of multiple sites has been reported so far. Liver metastases from differentiated thyroid carcinoma (LMDTC) are rare.We present the case of a patient with follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) unusually involving the liver.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 22(2): 146-149, Jul 2019
30
Park, Jong-Lyul, Seon-Kyu Kim, Sora Jeon, Chan-Kwon Jung, and Yong-Sung Kim. "MicroRNA Profile for Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Thyroid Cancer." Cancers 13, no. 4 (February 5, 2021): 632. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13040632.
Анотація:
The challenge in managing thyroid nodules is to accurately diagnose the minority of those with malignancy. We aimed to identify diagnostic and prognostic miRNA markers for thyroid nodules. In a discovery cohort, we identified 20 candidate miRNAs to differentiate between noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) and papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) by using the high-throughput small RNA sequencing method. We then selected three miRNAs (miR-136, miR-21, and miR-127) that were differentially expressed between the PTC follicular variant and other variants in The Cancer Genome Atlas data. High expression of three miRNAs differentiated thyroid cancer from nonmalignant tumors, with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.76–0.81 in an independent cohort. In patients with differentiated thyroid cancer, the high-level expression of the three miRNAs was an independent indicator for both distant metastases and recurrent or persistent disease. In patients with PTC, a high expression of miRNAs was associated with an aggressive histologic variant, extrathyroidal extension, distant metastasis, or recurrent or persistent disease. Three miRNAs may be used as diagnostic markers for differentiating thyroid cancers from benign tumors and tumors with extremely low malignant potential (NIFTP), as well as prognostic markers for predicting the risk of recurrent/persistent disease for differentiated thyroid cancer.
31
Aïssaoui, R., Z. Turki, A. Achiche, M. H. Balti, C. Ben Slama, and M. Zbiba. "Métastase surrénalienne d’un cancer papillaire de la thyroïde." Annales d'Endocrinologie 67, no. 4 (September 2006): 364–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-4266(06)72614-2.
32
Ulisse, Salvatore, Enke Baldini, Augusto Lauro, Daniele Pironi, Domenico Tripodi, Eleonora Lori, Iulia Catalina Ferent, et al. "Papillary Thyroid Cancer Prognosis: An Evolving Field." Cancers 13, no. 21 (November 7, 2021): 5567. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13215567.
Анотація:
Over the last few years, a great advance has been made in the comprehension of the molecular pathogenesis underlying thyroid cancer progression, particularly for the papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), which represents the most common thyroid malignancy. Putative cancer driver mutations have been identified in more than 98% of PTC, and a new PTC classification into molecular subtypes has been proposed in order to resolve clinical uncertainties still present in the clinical management of patients. Additionally, the prognostic stratification systems have been profoundly modified over the last decade, with a view to refine patients’ staging and being able to choose a clinical approach tailored on single patient’s needs. Here, we will briefly discuss the recent changes in the clinical management of thyroid nodules, and review the current staging systems of thyroid cancer patients by analyzing promising clinicopathological features (i.e., gender, thyroid auto-immunity, multifocality, PTC histological variants, and vascular invasion) as well as new molecular markers (i.e., BRAF/TERT promoter mutations, miRNAs, and components of the plasminogen activating system) potentially capable of ameliorating the prognosis of PTC patients.
33
Yang, Yang, Qin Chen, Wen-Ying Yu, Huan-Huan Zhang, Yu-Sen Zhong, Song-Zhao Zhang, Jia-Feng Wang, and Chen-Huan Yu. "Herbal Active Ingredients: An Emerging Potential for the Prevention and Treatment of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma." BioMed Research International 2020 (January 31, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1340153.
Анотація:
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common subtype of differentiated thyroid cancers in Asian coastal cities, where the patients have increased risk of potentially high or excessive iodine intake. Given the high metastasis and recurrence of patients with BRAFV600E mutation, the mortality rate of thyroid cancer has recently shown an upward trend. A variety of therapies, including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, have been used to treat thyroid cancer, but these therapies still have limitations, including postoperative complications, drug resistance, poor efficacy, or serious side effects. Recent studies have shown the potential of active ingredients derived from herbal medicine in inhibiting PTC via various cell signaling pathways. Some plant-derived compounds, such as apigenin, genistein, and curcumin, are also known to prevent and treat PTC. This article summarizes the recent advances in the structure-functional impact of anti-PTC active ingredients and their effects on PTC cells and tumor microenvironments with an emphasis on their challenges from basic research to clinical practice.
34
Mazzaferri, Ernest L. "Thyroid Cancer - Changing Patterns of Diagnosis and Treatment." US Endocrinology 00, no. 01 (2005): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/use.2005.00.01.62.
Анотація:
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. It comprises several distinct tumor types; including papillary thyroid cancer (PTC); follicular thyroid cancer (FTC); and Hürthle cell thyroid cancer (HTC), which are tumors of the thyroid follicular cell derived from the embryonic foregut. They ordinarily concentrate iodine and sometimes synthesize and secrete thyroid hormone, and for this reason are collectively referred to as differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). The three tumor types represent 80%, 11%, and 3% of all thyroid cancers, respectively, and have 10-year mortality rates of approximately 7%, 15%, and 25%, respectively.1
35
Palermo, Andrea, Andrea Napolitano, Daria Maggi, Anda Mihaela Naciu, Gaia Tabacco, Silvia Manfrini, Anna Crescenzi, et al. "Regression of Papillary Thyroid Cancer during Nivolumab for Renal Cell Cancer." European Thyroid Journal 9, no. 3 (2020): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000506107.
Анотація:
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have been recently approved for cancer treatment. Nivolumab is a monoclonal antibody specific for programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) that modulates T-cell response. It was initially used for the treatment of malignant melanoma and then approved in other cancers, such as non-small cell lung cancer and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). So far, the activity of nivolumab in patients with thyroid malignancies has been reported in a single case of anaplastic thyroid cancer. Here, we report the case of a patient with ccRCC who developed a papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) under first-line sunitinib treatment. During nivolumab, the second-line treatment for ccRCC, we unexpectedly observed a complete regression of PTC.
36
Romei, Cristina, and Rossella Elisei. "A Narrative Review of Genetic Alterations in Primary Thyroid Epithelial Cancer." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 4 (February 9, 2021): 1726. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041726.
Анотація:
Thyroid carcinoma is the most frequent endocrine neoplasia. Different types of thyroid carcinoma are described: well-differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC), follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), and medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). MTC is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait in 25% of cases. The genetic landscape of thyroid carcinoma has been largely deciphered. In PTC, genetic alterations have been found in about 95% of tumors: BRAF mutations and RET rearrangements are the main genetic alterations. BRAF and RAS mutations have been confirmed to play an important role also in PDTC and ATC, together with TP53 mutations that are fundamental in tumor progression. It has also been clearly demonstrated that telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutations and TP53 mutations are present with a high-frequency in more advanced tumors, frequently associated with other mutations, and their presence, especially if simultaneous, is a signature of aggressiveness. In MTC, next-generation sequencing confirmed that mutations in the RET gene are the most common molecular events followed by H-RAS and K-RAS mutations. The comprehensive knowledge of the genetic events responsible for thyroid tumorigenesis is important to better predict the biological behavior and better plan the therapeutic strategy for specific treatment of the malignancy based on its molecular profile.
37
Sondorp, Luc H. J., Vivian M. L. Ogundipe, Andries H. Groen, Wendy Kelder, Annelies Kemper, Thera P. Links, Robert P. Coppes, and Schelto Kruijff. "Patient-Derived Papillary Thyroid Cancer Organoids for Radioactive Iodine Refractory Screening." Cancers 12, no. 11 (October 31, 2020): 3212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12113212.
Анотація:
Patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancer, especially papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), are treated with surgical resection of the thyroid gland. This is followed by post-operative radioactive iodine (I131), resulting in total thyroid ablation. Unfortunately, about 15-33% of PTC patients are unable to take up I131, limiting further treatment options. The aim of our study was to develop a cancer organoid model with the potential for pre-treatment diagnosis of these I131-resistant patients. PTC tissue from thirteen patients was used to establish a long-term organoid model. These organoids showed a self-renewal potential for at least five passages, suggesting the presence of cancer stem cells. We demonstrated that thyroid specific markers, a PTC marker, and transporters/receptors necessary for iodine uptake and thyroid hormone production were expressed on a gene and protein level. Additionally, we cultured organoids from I131-resistant PTC material from three patients. When comparing PTC organoids to radioactive iodine (RAI)-refractory disease (RAIRD) organoids, a substantial discordance on both a protein and gene expression level was observed, indicating a treatment prediction potential. We showed that patient-derived PTC organoids recapitulate PTC tissue and a RAIRD phenotype. Patient-specific PTC organoids may enable the early identification of I131-resistant patients, in order to reduce RAI overtreatment and its many side effects for thyroid cancer patients.
38
Lam, Alfred King-yin, and Nassim Saremi. "Cribriform-morular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma: a distinctive type of thyroid cancer." Endocrine-Related Cancer 24, no. 4 (April 2017): R109—R121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/erc-17-0014.
Анотація:
The aim of this systematic review is to study the features of cribriform-morular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (CMV-PTC) by analysing the 129 documented cases in the English literature. The disease occurred almost exclusively in women. The median age of presentation for CMV-PTC was 24 years. Slightly over half of the patients with CMV-PTC had familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). CMV-PTC presented before the colonic manifestations in approximately half of the patients with FAP. Patients with FAP often have multifocal tumours in the thyroid. Microscopic examination of CMV-PTC revealed predominately cribriform and morular pattern of cancer cells with characteristic nuclear features of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Psammoma body is rare. On immunohistochemical studies, β-catenin is diffusely positive in CMV-PTC. The morular cells in CMV-PTC are strongly positive for CD10, bcl-2 and E-cadherin. Pre-operative diagnosis of CMV-PTC by fine-needle aspiration biopsy could be aided by cribriform architecture, epithelial morules and β-catenin immunostaining. Mutations ofAPCgene are found in the patients with CMV-PTC associated with FAP. In addition, mutations inCTNNB1,RET/PTCrearrangement andPI3K3CAmutations have been reported.BRAFmutation is negative in all CMV-PTC tested. Compared to conventional papillary thyroid carcinoma, CMV-PTC had a lower frequency of lymph node metastases at presentation (12%) and distant metastases (3%) as well as lower recurrence rates (8.5%) and patients’ mortality rates (2%). To conclude, patients with CMV-PTC have distinctive clinical, pathological and molecular profiles when compared to conventional papillary thyroid carcinoma.
39
Gupta, Shalini, Aneeta Patel, Angela Folstad, Cydney Fenton, Catherine A. Dinauer, R. Michael Tuttle, Richard Conran, and Gary L. Francis. "Infiltration of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma by Proliferating Lymphocytes Is Associated with Improved Disease-Free Survival for Children and Young Adults1." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 86, no. 3 (March 1, 2001): 1346–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jcem.86.3.7310.
Анотація:
An immune response directed against thyroid cancer might be important in preventing metastasis and recurrence. This idea is supported by previous observations showing that adults with autoimmune thyroiditis or lymphocytic infiltration surrounding papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) have improved disease-free survival. The long-term outcome for differentiated thyroid cancer is even more favorable for children and young adults. If the immune response is important, we hypothesized that tumor-associated lymphocytes with a high proliferation index would be found in thyroid cancers from children and young adults and would be associated with improved disease-free survival. Using immunohistochemistry, we examined 39 childhood PTC, 9 follicular thyroid carcinomas, 2 medullary thyroid carcinomas, 11 benign thyroid lesions, and 2 normal thyroid glands for the presence of lymphocytes (leukocyte common antigen) and lymphocyte proliferation (proliferating cell nuclear antigen, Ki-67). The majority of PTC (65%) and follicular thyroid carcinomas (75%) from children and young adults contained lymphocytes in the immediate vicinity of thyroid cancers, but only 7 (18%) patients with PTC also had a diagnosis of autoimmune thyroiditis. Disease-free survival did not correlate with the presence or number of lymphocytes per high power field. In contrast, disease-free survival was significantly improved (P= 0.01) for thyroid cancers with the greatest number of Ki-67-positive lymphocytes per high power field. The number of lymphocytes per high powered field was greater for multifocal PTC (P = 0.023), and the number of proliferating lymphocytes was greatest for PTC with regional lymph node involvement (30.5 ± 12.3 vs. 6.8 ± 5.0; P = 0.047). We conclude that proliferation of tumor-associated lymphocytes is associated with improved disease-free survival for children and young adults with thyroid cancer.
40
Yin, De-tao, Wenxun Wu, Mingchuang Li, Qi-en Wang, Hongqiang Li, Yongfei Wang, Yifeng Tang, and Mingzhao Xing. "DKK3 is a potential tumor suppressor gene in papillary thyroid carcinoma." Endocrine-Related Cancer 20, no. 4 (May 23, 2013): 507–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/erc-13-0053.
Анотація:
The expression of the Dickkopf homolog 3 (DKK3) gene is downregulated in some human cancers, suggesting a possible tumor suppressor role of this gene. The role and regulation ofDKK3in thyroid cancer have not been examined. In this study, we explored the relationship of promoter methylation with the inactivation ofDKK3and tumor behaviors in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). We used methylation-specific PCR and RT-PCR to examine the promoter methylation and expression ofDKK3and tumor characteristics. We found mRNA expression ofDKK3in 44.9% of the PTC tissue samples vs 100% of the matched normal thyroid tissue samples (P<0.01). In contrast, an opposite distribution pattern ofDKK3gene methylation was observed; specifically, 38.8% of the PTC tissue samples vs 0% of the matched normal thyroid tissue samples harboredDKK3methylation. An inverse correlation between the promoter methylation and mRNA expression ofDKK3in PTC tissue samples was also observed. Moreover, we also found an inverse correlation betweenDKK3expression and some aggressive pathological characteristics of PTC, including high TNM stages and lymph node metastasis, but a positive correlation betweenDKK3promoter hypermethylation and pathological aggressiveness of the tumor. Treatment of the PTC cell line TPC-1 with the demethylating agent 5-azaC reducedDKK3promoter methylation and enhanced its expression, establishing functionally the impact ofDKK3methylation on its expression. Our data thus for the first time demonstrate that theDKK3gene is a potential tumor suppressor gene in thyroid cancer and that aberrant promoter methylation is an important mechanism for its downregulation, which may play a role in the tumorigenesis and aggressiveness of PTC.
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Rageh, Tarek M., Rehab M. Samaka, Mahmoud G. Hagag, and Elsayed A. Motawa. "Relationship between focality and cervical lymph nodes metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma." International Surgery Journal 6, no. 2 (January 28, 2019): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20190079.
Анотація:
Background: Papillary Thyroid Cancer (PTC) is the most common malignancy in thyroid gland and may be unifocal or multifocal. This study compares between unifocal and multifocal PTC to clarify which type has an aggressive behaviour.Methods: This retrospective and prospective cross-sectional study was done on one hundred PTC patients who underwent papillary thyroid cancer management. The unifocal and multifocal groups each one contains 50 patients. The study was done in the period between January 2015 to January 2018. Other types of cancer thyroid and distant metastatic thyroid cancer were excluded from the study. All patients underwent follow up for one year.Results: There are significant differences between unifocal and multifocal PTC regarding to age, the number of positive lymph nodes, history of multinodular goiter (MNG) and capsular invasion. The capsular invasion in multifocal increase the recurrence rate (P=0.03).Conclusions: The new proposed method for PTC tumor size assessment could be a valuable in multifocal PTC patient’s stratification into low risk and high-risk subgroups. Therefore, high risk multifocal PTC patients could have a poor prognosis and high rate of recurrence, for that require aggressive treatment and strict follow up.
42
Spourquet, Catherine, Ophélie Delcorte, Pascale Lemoine, Nicolas Dauguet, Axelle Loriot, Younes Achouri, Maija Hollmén, et al. "BRAFV600E Expression in Thyrocytes Causes Recruitment of Immunosuppressive STABILIN-1 Macrophages." Cancers 14, no. 19 (September 26, 2022): 4687. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14194687.
Анотація:
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most frequent histological subtype of thyroid cancers (TC), and BRAFV600E genetic alteration is found in 60% of this endocrine cancer. This oncogene is associated with poor prognosis, resistance to radioiodine therapy, and tumor progression. Histological follow-up by anatomo-pathologists revealed that two-thirds of surgically-removed thyroids do not present malignant lesions. Thus, continued fundamental research into the molecular mechanisms of TC downstream of BRAFV600E remains central to better understanding the clinical behavior of these tumors. To study PTC, we used a mouse model in which expression of BRAFV600E was specifically switched on in thyrocytes by doxycycline administration. Upon daily intraperitoneal doxycycline injection, thyroid tissue rapidly acquired histological features mimicking human PTC. Transcriptomic analysis revealed major changes in immune signaling pathways upon BRAFV600E induction. Multiplex immunofluorescence confirmed the abundant recruitment of macrophages, among which a population of LYVE-1+/CD206+/STABILIN-1+ was dramatically increased. By genetically inactivating the gene coding for the scavenger receptor STABILIN-1, we showed an increase of CD8+ T cells in this in situ BRAFV600E-dependent TC. Lastly, we demonstrated the presence of CD206+/STABILIN-1+ macrophages in human thyroid pathologies. Altogether, we revealed the recruitment of immunosuppressive STABILIN-1 macrophages in a PTC mouse model and the interest to further study this macrophage subpopulation in human thyroid tissues.
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Hitu, Cainap, Apostu, Gabora, Bonci, Badan, Mester, and Piciu. "Skeletal Muscle Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma Evaluated by F18-FDG PET/CT." Diagnostics 10, no. 2 (February 12, 2020): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10020100.
Анотація:
Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid malignancy and is characterized by slow growth and an indolent biological behavior. Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma is the PTC with the maximum size of the tumor <1cm, considered the most indolent form of thyroid cancer. PTC is usually metastasizes in cervical lymph nodes, lungs and bones and, less commonly, in brain or liver. Skeletal muscle metastases from PTC are extremely rare, a retrospective review of the literature revealed only 13 case reports. Among them, six cases are solitary skeletal muscle metastases, and seven are multiple metastases, most of them being associated with lung lesions. It seems that PTC is prone to metastasizing to the erector spinae and thigh muscles groups with unique cases located in trapezoid, biceps, deltoid, gastrocnemius and rectus abdominis muscles. Although extremely rare, one must bear in mind the fact that muscle metastasis from PTC is possible, and that is the reason we would like to discuss the existing clinical cases and to add a unique case of solitary skeletal muscle metastasis from papillary microcarcinoma.
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Vuong, Huy Gia, Ahmed MA Altibi, Uyen NP Duong, Hanh TT Ngo, Thong Quang Pham, Hung Minh Tran, Naoki Oishi, et al. "Role of molecular markers to predict distant metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma: Promising value of TERT promoter mutations and insignificant role of BRAF mutations—a meta-analysis." Tumor Biology 39, no. 10 (October 2017): 101042831771391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1010428317713913.
Анотація:
The presence of distant metastasis is associated with an adverse outcome in papillary thyroid cancer. We performed a meta-analysis to investigate the role of molecular markers as predictors for distant metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer. Four electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Virtual Health Library were searched, and odds ratio and its 95% confidence interval concerning the association of BRAF, RAS, and TERT promoter mutations and RET/PTC rearrangements with distant metastasis were calculated using random-effects model. In total, 42 studies with 11,109 papillary thyroid cancers were included for meta-analyses. Overall, the presence of TERT promoter (odds ratio = 5.95; 95% confidence interval = 2.95–11.99), RAS mutations (odds ratio = 2.5; 95% confidence interval = 1.00–6.22), and RET/PTC rearrangements (odds ratio = 1.92; 95% confidence interval = 1.03–3.56) were found to be associated with a significantly increased risk for distant metastasis. BRAF mutations were not associated with an elevated risk for distant metastasis (odds ratio = 0.79; 95% confidence interval = 0.54–1.16). In conclusion, our study demonstrated the promising value of few molecular biomarkers, especially TERT promoter mutations in predicting distant metastasis in papillary thyroid cancers, while BRAF mutations showed no association with distant metastasis. Our study affirms the value of selected mutations for tumor risk stratification and assessment of patients’ prognosis.
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Zhang, Hui-Min, Zi-Yi Li, Zhou-Tong Dai, Jun Wang, Le-Wei Li, Qi-Bei Zong, Jia-Peng Li, Tong-Cun Zhang, and Xing-Hua Liao. "Interaction of MRPL9 and GGCT Promotes Cell Proliferation and Migration by Activating the MAPK/ERK Pathway in Papillary Thyroid Cancer." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 19 (October 9, 2022): 11989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911989.
Анотація:
Thyroid cancer remains the most common endocrine malignancy worldwide, and its incidence has steadily increased over the past four years. Papillary Thyroid Cancer (PTC) is the most common differentiated thyroid cancer, accounting for 80–85% of all thyroid cancers. Mitochondrial proteins (MRPs) are an important part of the structural and functional integrity of the mitochondrial ribosomal complex. It has been reported that MRPL9 is highly expressed in liver cancer and promotes cell proliferation and migration, but it has not been reported in PTC. In the present study we found that MRPL9 was highly expressed in PTC tissues and cell lines, and lentivirus-mediated overexpression of MRPL9 promoted the proliferation and migration ability of PTC cells, whereas knockdown of MRPL9 had the opposite effect. The interaction between MRPL9 and GGCT (γ-glutamylcyclotransferase) was found by immunofluorescence and co-immunoprecipitation experiments (Co-IP). In addition, GGCT is highly expressed in PTC tissues and cell lines, and knockdown of GGCT/MRPL9 in vivo inhibited the growth of subcutaneous xenografts in nude mice and inhibited the formation of lung metastases. Mechanistically, we found that knockdown of GGCT/MRPL9 inhibited the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. In conclusion, our study found that the interaction of GGCT and MRPL9 modulates the MAPK/ERK pathway, affecting the proliferation and migration of PTC cells. Therefore, GGCT/MRPL9 may serve as a potential biomarker for PTC monitoring and PTC treatment.
46
Reyes, Niradiz, Stephanie Figueroa, Christian Figueroa, and Jan Geliebter. "Abstract 5020: Identification of transcriptional regulatory networks associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 5020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-5020.
Анотація:
Abstract Background: Identification of critical transcription factors (TFs) required by cancer cells to sustain biological processes that support their growth and survival is urgently needed to develop strategies targeting them. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the commonest thyroid malignancy making about 80% of all thyroid cancers cases. Gene expression of a number of thyroid-specific TFs has been found deregulated in thyroid carcinomas. Therefore, molecular approaches targeting overexpressed oncogenes are desirable therapeutic methods to improve the treatment of cancer patients. In this study, we used Transcription Factor Enrichment Analysis (TFEA) to detect positional motif enrichment associated with changes in transcription observed in this cancer type. Methods: We previously identified differentially expressed genes between PTC and normal thyroid tissue using DNA microarrays. In the current study, the former overexpressed genes were subjected to TFEA using the web-based tool ChEA3. For comparison purposes, the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA2) tool was used to identify the most differentially overexpressed genes in thyroid carcinoma versus paired normal samples from patients in the TCGA database, and the differentially overexpressed gene set was also subjected to TFEA. Results: TFEA using the ChEA3 web-server identified several TFs associated with overexpressed genes observed in PTC. The top-ranked TFs found in both the gene set identified in PTC patient samples using microarrays and the gene set identified in the TCGA database using GEPIA2 were: EHF, POU2F3, KLF5, ELF3, HES2, GRHL3, and HNF1B. Several of these TFs have previously been identified in thyroid carcinomas, while others are newly identified. EHF and ELF3 are known to be overexpressed in thyroid carcinogenesis; KLF5 is a zinc-finger transcriptional factor recently found to be highly expressed in a subset of PTC patients with aggressive behavior. Bioinformatics analysis has previously shown that HNF1B is up-regulated in several cancers including thyroid carcinomas. The role of the remaining identified TFs in thyroid carcinogenesis has not been described. POU2F3 is a member of the POU domain family of transcription factors that bind to a specific octamer DNA motif and regulate cell type-specific differentiation pathways. Hes2 encodes a mammalian basic helix-loop-helix transcriptional repressor. GRHL3 (Grainyhead-like 3) is a transcription factor involved in epithelial morphogenesis. Conclusions: Bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed genes in tumor versus normal paired thyroid tissue samples from PTC patients and in thyroid carcinoma versus paired normal samples from patients in the TCGA database allowed the identification of TFs that may play a role in PTC. The group of TFs identified in this study may represent potential therapeutic targets for this cancer type. Citation Format: Niradiz Reyes, Stephanie Figueroa, Christian Figueroa, Jan Geliebter. Identification of transcriptional regulatory networks associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5020.
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Stokowy, Tomasz, Danuta Gawel, and Bartosz Wojtas. "Differences in miRNA and mRNA Profile of Papillary Thyroid Cancer Variants." International Journal of Endocrinology 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1427042.
Анотація:
Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) can be divided into classical variant of PTC (cPTC), follicular variant of PTC (fvPTC), and tall cell variant (tcPTC). These variants differ in their histopathology and cytology; however, their molecular background is not clearly understood. Our results shed some new light on papillary thyroid cancer biology as new direct miRNA-gene regulations are discovered. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) 466 thyroid cancer samples were studied in parallel datasets to discover potential miRNA-mRNA regulations. Additionally, miRNAs and genes differentiating PTC variants (cPTC, fvPTC, and tcPTC) were indicated. Putative miRNA regulatory pairs were discovered: hsa-miR-146b-5p with PHKB and IRAK1, hsa-miR-874-3p with ITGB4 characteristic for classic PTC samples, and hsa-miR-152-3p with TGFA characteristic for follicular variant PTC samples. MiRNA-mRNA regulations discovery opens a new perspective in understanding of PTC biology. Furthermore, our successful pipeline of miRNA-mRNA regulatory pathways discovery could serve as a universal tool to find new miRNA-mRNA regulations, also in different datasets.
48
Schultze, Maria Cecilia, Cintia Castro-Correia, Maria Bom-Sucesso, and Marianne Becker. "Papillary thyroid carcinoma in a 7-year-old boy presenting with a goitre without microcalcifications and enlarged cervical lymph nodes." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 7 (July 2021): e242278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2021-242278.
Анотація:
The most frequent type of thyroid malignancy in children is papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), which usually presents as a thyroid nodule, but may also present as a diffuse infiltration with microcalcifications. Herein, we report the case of an uncommon presentation of a PTC in a 7-year-old boy. The child was referred for a goiter with cervical lymphadenopathies. Ultrasonography showed a hypervascularised goiter without microcalcifications but with numerous bilateral cervical nodular formations. A lymph node biopsy revealed metastatic thyroid cancer, hence a total thyroidectomy and complete neck dissection were performed. Histopathology confirmed a PTC. Ablative 131I, 30 mCi was performed 4 months postsurgery. At the end of this treatment, a metastatic lung nodule was identified. Since then, another three ablative 131I treatments have been administered. Thyroid cancers presenting as a diffuse infiltration without microcalcifications are rare. In the presence of lymphadenopathies, thyroid cancer needs to be suspected, even without microcalcifications.
49
Kumar Baruah, Abir, Prasanta Kumar Baruah, and Basanta Sonowal. "A CASE OF ENCAPSULATED TYPE OF FOLLICULAR VARIANT OF PAPILLARY THYROID CARCINOMA." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 09 (September 30, 2022): 831–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/15427.
Анотація:
Papillary thyroid cancer is the most prevalent histologic type of thyroid carcinoma. There are numerous PTC subtypes that have been identified, with classical PTC being the most prevalent. The follicular variant of PTC (FVPTC) is the second most prevalent subtype of papillary thyroid carcinoma. A case of encapsulated type of follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma was studied which showed a well encapsulated tumour with follicular thyroid cells arranged predominantly in a follicular architecture and a few areas showing solid architecture. There was no papillary architecture and capsular invasion. The tumour cells showed nuclear enlargement, overcrowding and nuclear clearing. Typical Orphan Annie eye nuclei were seen. The encapsulated type of follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma, more so than other FVPTCs, has an indolent tendency and is associated with better prognosis and low risk of tumour invasiveness and metastasis.
50
de Raphélis Soissan, A., P. Berlier, L. Claude, C. Carrie, and D. Frappaz. "Cancer papillaire de la thyroïde : second cancer après un rétinoblastome." Archives de Pédiatrie 19, no. 10 (October 2012): 1086–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arcped.2012.07.007.