Дисертації з теми "Cancer colorectal – Chimiothérapie anticancéreuse"
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El, Ouadrani Belkhiria Karima. "L'exposition prolongée de cellules de cancer colorectal aux agents chimiothérapeutiques induit une Transition Epithélio-Mésenchymateuse (EMT) et une augmentation de l'invasivité tumorale." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066709.
Повний текст джерелаRemy, Stéphane. "Chimiothérapie du cancer colorectal métastatique : étude rétrospective d'une série de 69 patients traités par une perfusion continue de 5-fluorouracile." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR23030.
Повний текст джерелаTerret, Catherine. "Optimisation de la chimiothérapie du cancer colorectal métastatique par 5-FU et CPT-11 : données de pharmacocinétique, de chimiosensibilité." Toulouse 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU30166.
Повний текст джерелаLièvre, Astrid. "Facteurs moléculaires pronostiques et prédictifs de la réponse aux traitements du cancer colorectal." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05S014.
Повний текст джерелаWe showed that mutations in the non-coding region (D-Loop) of the mitochondrial DNA were frequent in colorectal tumors, that they occured at an early step (adenoma) of the carcinogenesis and that they were a prognostic factor and associated with resistance to 5-fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Moreover, we showed that KRAS gene mutations were associated with a resistance to cetuximab, an anti-EGFR antibody used in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer, and that they were a poor prognostic factor in patients treated by this antibody, independently of skin toxicity. The expression of the phosphoproteins pP70S6K and pMEKl also seems to be predictive of response to anti-EGFR antibodies and a prognostic factor in patients treated by them, independantly of KRAS mutation status
Poujol, Sylvain. "Pharmacocinétique et pharmacogénétique de l’irinotécan chez le patient atteint de cancer colorectal métastatique." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON13511.
Повний текст джерелаBaussard, Louise. "Déterminants psychosociaux des trajectoires de fatigue chez des patients traités en chimiothérapie pour un cancer colorectal métastatique." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MON30040/document.
Повний текст джерелаCancer-related fatigue is a subjective and pervasive symptom, related to the disease and its treatments, and has a significant impact on patients' quality of life. This study has two fundamental goals: (1) to identify different fatigue trajectories in metastatic colorectal cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy; (2) to identify psychosocial determinants of these fatigue trajectories. A total of 169 patients were assessed for their level of fatigue at the beginning of a new chemotherapy cycle, and were subsequently followed every two weeks. Psychosocial variables such as anxiety, depression, perceived control, coping strategies, and social support were measured from the start. Four trajectories of physical fatigue were identified: 1) a trajectory of "intense fatigue" (6.51%), 2) a trajectory of "average fatigue" (48.52%), 3) an "increasing fatigue" trajectory over time characterized by non-fatigued patients at the inclusion (11.83%); finally, 4) a trajectory of resilient patients who report "no fatigue" during treatment (33.14%). While it appears that physical fatigue and depression are strongly associated, the results also show that poor adaptation (emotionally-focused coping) and little control over the evolution of the disease contribute to the intensity and the increase of fatigue over time.The identification of transactional variables in the explanation of this symptom makes it possible to envisage adapted psychosocial care, turned towards personalized medicine
Pagès, Pierre-Benoît. "Technique de perfusion pulmonaire isolée de chimiothérapie chez le porc." Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOMU01/document.
Повний текст джерелаIntroduction: The isolated lung perfusion (ILP) is an experimental technique which main objective is to deliver high dose of cytotoxic agent to the lung tissue without systemic exposure. The thesis took place in three stages: first stage, setting in vitro the chemotherapy the most efficient against colorectal cancer (CCR) cells in 30 min. Second stage, develop the ILP technique in a pig model. Third stage, lead a dose escalation study with chemotherapy by ILP.Methods: First stage, efficacy of various cytotoxic molecules against a panel of human CCR cell lines was tested in vitro after a 30-minute exposure. Second stage, pigs were treated with chemotherapy delivered by ILP during 30 minutes and kept alive during a month. Third stage, chemotherapy doses were increase in order to obtain acute toxicity or death of animals.Results: Gemcitabine (GEM) was the most efficient drug against CCR cells in 30 minutes. ILP with GEM permit to maintain high concentration in the lung parenchyma and pigs survival during one month. No systemic leaks were detected. Dose increase of GEM conduct to determine the maximal tolerated dose of GEM by ILP to 320 mg. Conclusions: ILP with GEM is a safety and reproducible technique allowing high GEM concentrations in the lung tissue
Demontoux, Lucie. "Rôle de l’hypotonie dans la réponse à la chimiothérapie intra-péritonéale : étude des effets sur les cellules cancéreuses et la mort immunogène induite." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCI012/document.
Повний текст джерелаIntraPeritoneal Chemotherapy (IPEC) is commonly used to treat colorectal cancer metastases. However there is no standardized protocol.The aim of this work was to model this chemotherapy in vitro and to understand the role of hypotonic conditions in this model and its impact on cell death.We determined that the optimal treatment parameters on HCT116 human colon cancer cells, were an exposure of the cells for 30 minutes to 400μM of oxaliplatin under hypotonic conditions (G2.5%) at 37 °C. These results have been validated on various human and murine colic cancer cell lines. We have also shown that these treatment conditions are also able to increase the cytotoxicity of other platinum derivatives such as cisplatin and carboplatin.The cell death induced by this treatment in hypotonia is apoptosis, and can be explained by an increase in the intracellular incorporation of oxaliplatin, partly due to the activation and trimerization of the CTR1 copper transporter.Treatment with oxaliplatin and cisplatin (but not carboplatin) in hypotonia also leads to the stigmata of immunogenic death, e.i. exposure of calreticulin at the membrane, release of ATP and HMGB1 in the supernatant, suggesting that hypotonia would entail immunogenic death and an immune system response during this IPEC modeling.Finally, we have been able to demonstrate in vivo that the treatment of intraperitoneal metastases of Balb/c mice by an intraperitoneal injection of oxaliplatin in hypotonia slowed down tumor nodules appearance and increased survival of the mice.Thus, in this work we highlighted that hypotonia is one of the fundamental parameters of IPEC which suggests that its use could make it possible to increase the efficacy of IPEC and maybe to prolong the survival of patients
Boige, Valérie. "Impact des polymorphismes constitutionnels et des altérations génétiques somatiques sur l'efficacité et la toxicité des chimiothérapies anti-tumorales dans le cancer colorectal." Paris 5, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA05S003.
Повний текст джерелаRoberge, Joannie. "Modulation de la réponse pharmacologique à un agent anticancéreux par les isoformes I2 dérivées de l'épissage alternatif du gène UGT1A." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25969.
Повний текст джерелаCherradi, Sara. "Les claudines dans le cancer colorectal : ciblage thérapeutique de la claudine-1." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTT082.
Повний текст джерелаColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related deaths in the Western world. When localized, CRC is often curable by surgery. However, 50% of patients are diagnosed at a metastatic stage, these patients are then treated with chemotherapy (FOLFOX / FOLFIRI), often in combination with targeted therapies including antibodies such as Cetuximab (anti-EGFR) or Bevacizumab (anti -VEGF). Despite these treatment, almost 40% of patients develop resistance. One of the most known resistance mechanisms of resistance is due to the RAS pathway downstream of the EGF receptor in response to Cetuximab. Therefore, more therapeutic options are required particularly by identifying new molecular targets that can be reached by antibodies. Recently, Claudines have generated interest as targets in cancer, such as claudin-4 in endometrial or prostate cancer. More recently, the results of a clinical study demonstrated that the combination of an anti-Claudin-18.2 antibody, IMAB362 mAb, with chemotherapy significantly prolonged survival in patients with advanced gastric cancer.Therefore, one of our aims was to focus on claudins in CCR. First, by studying their expression in metastatic CRC patient samples. We demonstrated the prognostic value of some claudins, after analyzing their gene expression in the new molecular subtype of CRC. Beside, we identified some claudins as potential therapeutic targets in CCR, among them claudin-1 (CLDN1). Indeed, we showed that the membrane form of CLDN1 is overexpressed in primary tumors and metastases of CRC. Therefore, we developed a monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting the extracellular parts of CLDN1. We showed that therapeutic targeting of CLDN1 by mAb significantly decreased tumor cell growth, migration and invasion both in vitro and in vivo. In order to improve the efficiency of targeting CLDN1 by mAb, we conjugated it with a toxin, thus generating an Antibody Drug Conjugate (ADC). We showed that CLDN1 targeting by an ADC decreased cell survival in vitro in 2D cell culture, but also spheroids growth via a cytotoxic effect.This work demonstrated the proof of concept of CLDN1 targeting by both mAb and ADC. In order to achieve this work, the next steps remains on testing ADC affect in vivo models. CLDN1 is a good therapeutic target in the CCR. In the long term, we hope that its targeting can find its place within the therapeutic arsenal of metastatic CRC, particularly in treatment of resistant patients
Leguelinel, Géraldine. "Rôle des récepteurs des xénobiotiques CAR (Constitutive Androstane Receptor, NR1I3) et PXR (Pregnane X receptor, NR1I2) dans le métabolisme des chimiothérapies conventionnelles du cancer colorectal." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON13512.
Повний текст джерелаColorectal cancer is characterized by high mortality in advanced stages due to the high rate of tumor recurrence after chemotherapy. The prediction of the efficacy and toxicity of cytotoxic drugs represents a major challenge in the coming years. Because the majority of cancer drugs are supported by the enzymes and transporters whose expression is controlled by the level of expression and activation of the xenosensors CAR (NR1I3) and PXR (NR1I2), it is likely that they may represent predictive factors in the management of cancer. Our team has recently shown that xenobiotic receptors PXR (Raynal et al, 2010) and CAR are expressed in cell lines and human colon tissues. Their overexpression in colon cancer cell lines LS174T and T84 leads to resistance to irinotecan and to its active metabolite SN38, while their inhibition reverse this resistance. Irinotecan metabolites detection assays of SN38 and SN38G, and the quantification of UGT1As and MDR1 mRNA, show that CAR and PXR increase the detoxifying metabolism and the efflux of SN38. The impact of overexpression of these xenosensors on LS174T cell viability to different classes of cytotoxic agents (anti-metabolites, DNA intercalators, topoisomerase inhibitors, antimitotic agents) was then evaluated. We observed that the expression of CAR or PXR results in a significant drug resistance to paclitaxel, docetaxel and 4-hydroxy-cyclophosphamide whereas PXR leads to a marked sensitization to cisplatin and carboplatin by increasing the amount of platinum adducts the DNA. Microarray studies of our cell models allowed us to identify the target genes potentially involved in these changes in cytotoxicity. Further studies by pharmacological modulation or interfering RNAs of these target genes are in progress and will allow us to clarify the mechanisms involved in the changes in chemosensitivity. This work should help us to understand the impact of CAR and PXR xenosensors on the intratumoral metabolism of cytotoxic drugs and potentially on the response to various chemotherapies
Corvaisier, Matthieu. "Implication des co-activateurs transcriptionnels YAP/TAZ dans la régulation entre la croissance et la dormance tumorale des cellules du cancer colorectal : mécanismes moléculaires et perspectives thérapeutiques." Thesis, Lille 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL2S028/document.
Повний текст джерелаColorectal cancer is the most frequent and lethal cancerous pathology from the digestive system. Each year in France, 41 000 new cases are diagnosed and 17 000 patients die due to this pathology. This high mortality is mainly due to the rate of patients with liver metastatic lesions and the early relapse of those metastases after treatment. The use of chemotherapy prior to surgery induces a decrease of early relapse, however 2 years after resection this advantage is lost. Thus, understanding the mechanisms underlying escape to treatment is required to try to delay or prevent tumor recurrence.The aim of this doctoral work was to analyze clonal chemoresistant subpopulations derived from the colorectal cancer cell line HT29 after chronic exposure to 5-Fluorouracil (5FU) and molecular mechanisms associated with chemoresistance. The most chemoresistant clonal subpopulation, 5F31, stops its proliferation after treatment with high dose of 5FU, this behavior being associated with the modulation of the c-Yes/YAP axis. After treatment, 5F31 cells enter quiescence, interaction between c-Yes and YAP is lost and total and nuclear YAP protein expression reduces significantly (Igoudjil, Touil, Corvaisier et al. 2014, Clinical Cancer Research). The next step was to study functions of YAP protein in this chemotherapy- induced quiescence.Pharmacological or transient inhibition of YAP and its homolog TAZ, induces quiescence and reduces cellular growth in several colorectal cancer cell lines. On the other hand, overexpression of a constitutively active form of YAP in 5F31 cells forces cells to remain proliferative under 5FU treatment, enhancing 5F31 cell chemosensitivity to 5FU.Regarding proteic effectors, quiescence (either induced by 5FU or YAP/TAZ inhibition) is associated with loss of expression of the transcription factor c-Myc and Cyclin E1. In 5F31 cells expressing the active mutant form of YAP, Cyclin E1 expression is sustained after 5FU treatment through the activation of the transcription factor CREB. Cyclin E1 inhibition is sufficient to induce quiescence, therefore introducing this protein as one of the final effectors of YAP/TAZ co-activators in the regulation of the proliferation/quiescence switch in colorectal cancer cells (Corvaisier et al. 2016, Oncotarget).To conclude, our work reveals the importance of YAP/TAZ proteins for the maintenance of colorectal cancer cells proliferation through Cyclin E1 expression. Our work on liver metastases from patients with colorectal cancer shows that high expression of YAP/TAZ is connected to a higher proliferative index in metastatic lesions. Moreover, high YAP/TAZ expression is associated with shorter patient progression-free survival and shorter overall survival. Studying the expression and level of YAP/TAZ activation could be an interesting prognosis marker to anticipate metastatic relapse and potent druggable target to delay tumoral recurrence
Dolly, Adeline. "Cachexie cancéreuse : composition corporelle, structure et métabolisme du muscle squelettique." Thesis, Tours, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUR3808.
Повний текст джерелаCancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by progressive loss of skeletal muscle, leading to decreased quality of life, response to cancer treatments, and patient survival. Due to the physio pathological complexity of this clinical syndrome, there is currently no cure to cancer cachexia.Despite recent discoveries, the mechanisms underlying skeletal muscle wasting are not clearly understood. Recent preclinical and clinical studies highlighted possible alterations in mitochondrial and lipid metabolism. Furthermore, body composition could be affected not only by the tumor, but also by anti-cancer treatments.During this PhD, the aims were to study the links between body composition and bevacizumab-based chemotherapy treatment (clinical study STIC-Avastin (NCT00489697)); or with skeletal muscle structure and metabolism, in the context of cancer cachexia (clinical protocols METERMUCADIG (NCT02573974) and METERMUS-IMC (NCT03027479))
Nawrocki, Laurent. "Chimiothérapie anticancéreuse et croissance dentaire." Lille 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIL2D002.
Повний текст джерелаGhoteimi, Rayane. "Synthèse et étude d'inhibiteurs de CD73 en chimiothérapie anticancéreuse." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTS123.
Повний текст джерелаThe PhD project is dedicated to the discovery and optimization of new inhibitors targeting enzymes involved in resistance to cancer treatments; 5'-nucleotidases, and especially the ecto-nucleotidase CD73. Among the eight family members in humans, the CD73 represents a pertinent therapeutic target for cancer chemotherapy.1 The activity of CD73 has been correlated with blocking of the immune response due to the production of denosine by this enzyme that causes a suppression of the immune response and thus protects cancer cells from immune monitoring. Furthermore, it was shown that the tumor growth, cancer cell invasion and metastasis are mediated by an overexpression of CD73 in many types of cancer (breast, bladder, prostate, colorectal and gastric).2 Based on preliminary results obtained in the team, the first part of the project will be devoted to the structural optimization of substrate analogues validated as inhibitors of CD73 and the second to the development of new allosteric inhibitors.3 Molecular modeling and virtual screening will be used to decipher the functional mechanism of the targeted enzyme and discover new inhibitors. Determination of the mechanism of inhibition with enzyme kinetics, and biological evaluation in cancer cell lines and eventually in animal models will be carried out in partnership with different teams already involved in the project (Dr L. Chaloin, CPBS, CNRS-FRE3689, Montpellier; Dr L.P. Jordheim, Pr. C. Dumontet, CRCL, Inserm U1052/CNRS UMR5286, Lyon)
Pavillard, Valérie. "Etude des déterminants de l'activité de l'Irinotécan sur les cancers colorectaux." Bordeaux 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR28829.
Повний текст джерелаAnticancer drugs of the camptothecin series are able to stabilise DNA-topoisomerase I cleavable complexes which lead double strand DNA breaks which are toxis to the target cells. Irinotecan is a semi-synthetic derivative of the camptothecin which is active in colorectal cancer ; it is in fact a pro-drug which needs to be transformed into an active metabolite. SN-38, by microsomal carboxylesterases. We studied several cellular parameters potentially involved in irinotecan activity in order to link them to tumor response : DNA topoisomerase I, the target of irinotecan ; carboxylesterases, which activate irinotecan ; BCRP membrane protein (Breast Cancer Resistance Protein) which is expected to expell irinotecan out of the cells ; and p53 which is able to activate topoisomerase I and is commonly mutated in cancers. In the first part of our work, we studied these parameters on two colorectal cancer cell lines which present different irinotecan sensitivity. We showed that intracellular accumulation of irinotecan and p53 status could explain this difference in sensitivity. In the second part of our work, we optimized a subcellular fractionation technique with normal and tumoral rat organs in order to apply it to human biopsies. In the third part of our work, we studied the cellular parameters previously described in normal and tumoral human biopsies obtained from patients treated for a colorectal cancer by irinotecan. We observed that topoisomerase I expression, quantity and activity, were related to clinical response : partial responders present higher values of these parameters than non responders ; carboxylesterase activity seems to be less directly related to tumor response. A prospective study would allow to verify the results obtained in our retrospective study. The challenge of our work is to guide clinicians to choose irinotecan containing treatment for those patients who present cellular parameters favoring to tumor response
Martin, Ingrid. "La chimiothérapie anticancéreuse chez l'enfant : complications, prévention et traitement." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05P051.
Повний текст джерелаNotaro, Anna. "Préparation, caractérisation et évaluation biologique de complexes polypyridyles de ruthenium(II) comme agents anticancéreux." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEC025.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD project focused on the synthesis, characterisation and biological evaluation of new Ru(II)polypyridyl complexes as chemotherapeutic agents against cancer. Chemotherapy is one of theleading strategies to cure cancer. Both the pharmaceutical industry and academia are highlydevoted to the search of new chemotherapeutic agents. Platinum-based drugs such as cisplatin,carboplatin and oxaliplatin, are metal-based drugs that are approved and used in the clinic againstcancer. However, these treatments can lead to the occurrence of severe side effects, which limittheir application. Ruthenium-based compounds are considered as the most promising secondgeneration of anticancer metal-based drug candidates. This thesis firstly describes an overview ofthe current literature on Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes and then introduces new classes of thesecompounds resulting from the coordination of different dioxoligands. More specifically, thedioxoligands used here are catechol and its derivatives, maltol and flavonoids. Additionally, a noteof caution is presented on the aqueous behaviour of two complexes analysed in detail in the courseof this work
Lignet, Floriane. "Approches mathématiques multi-niveaux pour l'étude de la croissance des tumeurs : Application à la morphogenèse du cancer du sein et ciblage thérapeutique de l'angiogenèse du cancer du côlon." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00844807.
Повний текст джерелаPeter, Frédéric. "Etude pilote sur l'observance aux chimiothérapies orales : construction d'une échelle de mesure de l'observance et études de ses déterminants psychosociaux." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0326/document.
Повний текст джерелаOral chemotherapies are increasingly prescribed in oncology. Many changes in health care have occurred. The complexity of these treatments is moved from the doctor to the patient. To make an inventory of adherence to oral chemotherapy, and then describe its main determinants. Studying changes in the representations of cancer and treatment. 59 patients participated in this stud. For the quantitative methodology, we used the following tools: BMQ (representations of treatment), B-IPQ (perception of cancer), HAD (anxiety and depression). We built a generic scale to measure adherence. It was adapted to cancer. For qualitative methodology, we conducted semi-structured interviews. 90% of patients have a medication compliance of at least 85%. Compliance with the specific modalities of treatment is severely affected. Psychiatric history are the main variable affecting adherence. There is a negative correlation between current anxiety and depressive affect and compliance. The oral route is perceived as less impacting daily life compared to the IntraVeinous route. The oral route is associated with an increased sense of control over the disease. Oral chemotherapy is mainly addressed in terms of its toxicity. Changes in perception of the disease are infrequent (eg lower perceived severity).The relationship between history of depression, current depressive affects and compliance demonstrates the importance of their identification and their management. Failure to comply may be considered a symptom of depression in oncology. These data justify the role of the psychologist to support adherence and its possible links with an overall psychological distress
Tea, Borany. "Rôle du système glutathion-glutathion-s-transférases dans la chimiothérapie anticancéreuse." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05P079.
Повний текст джерелаGautier, Fabien. "Vaccinothérapie des cancers coliques par les corps apoptotiques : identification et clonage de rBard1 [rat(BRCA1 associated RING domain)protein-1]." Nantes, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NANT21VS.
Повний текст джерелаCousin, Anne-Laure. "L'essai clinique d'un anti-émétique au cours d'une chimiothérapie anticancéreuse : expérience d'un interne de pharmacologie clinique." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11022.
Повний текст джерелаJonchère, Barbara. "Echappement à la chimiothérapie et émergence de cellules plus agressives : Importance de l’hétérogénéité tumorale." Thesis, Angers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ANGE0008/document.
Повний текст джерелаActivated by chemotherapy, senescence is a suppressive response which prevents cell cycle progress through activation of the p53-p21 and p16-Rb signaling pathways. However, despite the efficiency of this suppression, cancer cells can emerge to induce clinical relapse. In this study, we analyzed senescence escape in response to irinotecan, one of the first line treatment used in colorectal cancer. After treatment, senescence is induced in LS174T cell but a subpopulation of cells finally resume proliferation. Persistent cells (PLCs) are composed of an heterogenous mixture of senescent (PLS) and dividing cells (PLD). In spite of PLS, PLCs are able to grow in vivo as efficiently as parental LS174T cells. Importantly, persistence induced the emergence of more transformed cells characterized by the ability to grow in low adhesion conditions. PLD emergence and anoikis resistance depend on Mcl-1, Bcl-xL and p21. PLD and PLS enrichment, by flow cytometry, allowed us to identify PLS as essential for anoikis resistance. Our results suggest that PLS establish a favorable environment for the transformation of unaffected cells. Mcl-1 and Bcl-xL role in each population remains to be determined, but inhibitors of these protein used in combination with irinotecan should restrict the heterogeneity of the response and tumoral aggressiveness
Weinling, Estelle. "Pharmacocinétique de l'irinotécan (CPT-11) en monothérapie et en combinaison dans le traitement du cancer colorectal." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05P247.
Повний текст джерелаRioux, Benjamin. "Synthèse et vectorisation de biomolécules type Chalcone en vue d'une application anticancéreuse." Thesis, Limoges, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIMO0104/document.
Повний текст джерелаSynthesis and vectorization of anticancer agents are major research themes of LCSN. Many natural compoundspossess anti-cancer properties, but they are dropped because of their lack of selectivity to cancer cells or theirlow bioavailability. Thus, great interest is currently focused on the development of drugs specifically vectorizedto cancer cells. The vectors used in this work are polyamine derivatives and nano-objects type β-cyclodextrin /cellulose nanocrystals (β-CD/CNCx). Polyamines allow active targeting of cancer cells through the polyaminetransport system (PTS) overexpressed in these cells. Nano-objects specifically target tumors using a passivetargeting due to the EPR effect. Drugs used in this study are flavonoids, especially chalcones. Indeed,flavonoids, which constitute a large family of natural phenolic compounds, are known for their numerousbiological effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities. The interest of LCSNfor both chalcones and anticancer agents led us to design new vectorized anti-proliferative compounds. Firstly,this work shows the synthesis of chalcones and their derivatives coupled to various above-described vectors(polyamines units, β-CD/CNCx); a work on the synthesis of a bis-chalcone through the Suzuki coupling reactionis also exposed. All molecules obtained are characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS analysis. In thesecond part of this work, we present all biological evaluations of compounds previously obtained. Theseassessments are performed through a cell viability test (MTT test) on four cancer cell lines: two colorectal (HT-29 and HCT-116) and two prostate (PC-3 and DU-145) cell lines
Le, Van Gong Pierre. "Approche chronopharmacologique de la chimiothérapie des cancers et application expérimentale à la chronopharmacocinétique de la doxorubicine." Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR25177.
Повний текст джерелаEymard, Jean-Christophe. "Innovation thérapeutique dans le cancer du sein et de la prostate : de la tentative d'optimisation d'une stratégie thérapeutique conventionnelle à l'exploration d'un nouveau concept d'immunothérapie cellulaire." Reims, 2008. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000868.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаDang-Trung, Khoi͏̈-Nguyên. "Intérêt potentiel en chimiothérapie anticancéreuse des inhibiteurs de protéines à activité tyrosine kinase : exemple de la génistéine." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P119.
Повний текст джерелаGranci, Virginie. "Mécanismes de résistance au 5-FU dans le cancer colorectal : implication des récepteurs de TRAIL." Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20008.
Повний текст джерелаTacca, Olivier. "Traitement médical dans le cancer du sein : traitement hormonal au fil des chimiothérapies." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CLF1MM09.
Повний текст джерелаEl, Kadiri Hanae. "Mise en évidence de l'activité antitumorale du taxol au moyen de tests in vitro sur cellules humaines : cancers bronchiques à petites cellules (lignée NCI-N 417), de l'ovaire et du sein." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE18002.
Повний текст джерелаRharass, Tareck. "Potentialisation de la chimiothérapie en milieu oxygéné : implication des radicaux libres dans l'effet des anthracyclines." Perpignan, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PERP0815.
Повний текст джерелаTumour hypoxia is causally related with resistance to adriamycin (ADR) treatment. However, how hyperbaric oxygen therapy leads to therapeutic gain of the drug is unclear. We investigated the relation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation with anti-tumoural effect of ADR on human lymphoblastic CCRF-CEM cells under hypoxic (2% O2) and normoxic (21% O2) conditions. A new method was used to measure intracellular ROS variations through the fluorescence lifetime of 1-pyrenebutyric acid. Numerical image analysis of cell populations labelled with different vital stains allowed to collect morphometric (cellular and nuclear sizes) and physiological (mitochondrial activity, DNA content) informations used to (i) quantify apoptosis induction, and (ii) determine the cell cycle distribution through multiparametric analysis of collected data. We observed that oxygen level has no effect on the cell cycle arrest induced by ADR, whereas apoptosis induction and ROS production resulting from treatment are higher under oxygenated conditions (i. E. Normoxia). Considering normoxia as a hyperoxygenated condition compared to in vivo hypoxic tumour level, we suggested that improvement of anti-cancerous effect of ADR due to hyperbaric oxygen therapy results from higher intracellular ROS generation by the drug, leading to a greater induction of apoptosis
Carnesecchi, Stéphanie. "Chimioprévention des cancers intestinaux par le géraniol,un monoterpène microconstituant des fruits et plantes aromatiques : Aspects moléculaire, cellulaire et physiopathologique." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR13137.
Повний текст джерелаOurs studies have shown that geraniol, an acyclic monoterpene found in vegetal essential oil, caused inhibition of human colonic cancer cells (Caco-2) growth (Carnesecchi, 2001). Ours results have shown that geraniol induced membrane depolarization. This membrane perturbation lead to Protein Kinase C inhibition and inhibition of ERK 1&2 phosphorylation (Carnesecchi, 2002). Geraniol induced inhibition of ADN synthesis. Nor apoptosis, nor cytotoxicity has been detected. Then, changes in membrane permeability and cellular effects of geraniol could explain antiproliferative effect of geraniol. It has been shown that Caco-2 cells, at confluency, expressed characteristics of enterocytes differentiation. The presence of these cells could explain the increased resistance of colonic tumors to chemotherapeutic agents (Lesuffleur, 1998). Ours studies have shown that geraniol blocked Caco-2 cell differentiation. Combination of geraniol and 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) was tested on differentiated Caco-2 cells. These results have shown that geraniol sensitized Caco-2 cells to 5-FU treatment, by increasing its antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects. These effects result from facilitate entry of 5-FU (Carnesecchi, 2001). The effects of geraniol and 5-FU were also evaluated in vivo on the growth of 5-FU-resistant human colonic tumour cells (TC-118) transplanted in Swiss nu/nu mice. The combined intraperitoneal administration of 5-FU (20 mg/kg/day) and geraniol (150 mg/kg/day) caused a 53% reduction of the tumour volume after 7 days compared to a reduction of 26% with geraniol alone. 5-FU alone had no effect on the development of the tumour. We conclude that the combined administration of geraniol and 5-FU sensitizes human colonic tumours to 5-FU treatment. This combination appears as promising approach for optimizing colorectal cancer chemotherapy
Bélanger, Audrey. "NF-KB2, régulateur de l'autophagie dans le cancer colorectal : implication dans la sénescence induite par RAS et la chimiothérapie." Angers, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01080402.
Повний текст джерелаOncogene-induced senescence (OIS) is a tumor suppressor mechanism leading to cell cycle arrest. In response to oncogene Ras expression, we have observed that NF-κB2 is activated and regulates transcriptionally the autophagy, a degradation pathway responsible for the recycling of damaged organelles and necessary for senescence establishment. Moreover, the regulation of autophagy by NF-κB2 occurs also during sn38-induced senescence, a chemotherapy for colorectal cancer treatment. Interestingly, we have demonstrated that cells that escape from OIS still present an activation of NF-κB2. During the OIS escape, the phosphorylation of NF-κB2 on serine 222 is lost and could be responsible for an autophagy defect allowing a decrease of senescence in favor of proliferation recovery. Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death in France. It is important to diagnose cancer at early stages in order to increase the probabilities of recovery. Through a proteomic study, we have identified OLFM4 as new marker of the early stages of colorectal tumor. We have showed that the expression of OLFM4 is correlated with Ras mutation in tumors, and is regulated by the Ras-NF-κB2 pathway. All together, these results suggest a major role of NF-κB2 in colorectal cancer. The activation of NF- κB2 could represent a marker of tumoral aggressiveness through the regulation of the senescence-dependent autophagy phenotype and OLFM4 expression
Hadj, Mohamed Ameni. "Développement de nouvelles molécules de type di et triarylméthanes à visée antibactérienne et anticancéreuse : synthèse, caractérisation et études biologiques." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=http://theses-intra.upmc.fr/modules/resources/download/theses/2020SORUS107.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаDi and triarylmethane molecules are described in the literature as privileged structures in medicinal chemistry. This thesis project concerns the development of new di and triarylmethane compounds for therapeutic purposes using tools used in medicinal chemistry. Two series, olefinic and alkyloxide diarylmethanes have been synthesized. Three series of triarylmethanes have been developed: triazole TAMs, macrocyclic TAMs and hybrid TAMs. Antibacterial and anticancer activity as well as cytotoxicity were studied in vitro for the synthesized compounds. Prediction of the ADME profile of the best molecules was also performed. From these studies, we demonstrated the interesting antiproliferative potential of some compounds on colorectal cancer cells and the absence of cytotoxicity of these compounds on normal cells
Gagnon, Jean-François. "Régulation de l'inactivation intratumorale de l'agent antinéoplasique irinotécan par un mécanisme épigénétique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18848.
Повний текст джерелаUGT1A1 is the main enzyme involved in the hepatic and tumoral inactivation of SN-38, an anticancer agent used in first line treatment of metastasic colorectal cancer. UGT1A1 genetic factors determine response to irinotecan therapy. We hypothesised that an epigenetic mechanism, more specifically methylation, is involved in tumoral regulation of UGT1A1 levels. Specific CpG islands in the UGT1A1 gene are hypermethylated and linked to the repression of gene expression and to lower levels of SN-38 glucuronidation in colon tumor cells in vitro. In addition, methylation of specific CpG was linked to lower expression of UGT1A1 gene in primary colon tumors from patients. Our data support that methylation profile of the UGT1A1 gene determine SN-38 tumoral concentration and may help to predict tumoral response to irinotecan.
Gourdier, Isabelle. "Exploration de la résistance à l'oxaliplatine dans les cancers colorectaux : implication de la voie apoptotique mitochondriale." Montpellier 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON13520.
Повний текст джерелаTumor resistance to chemotherapy limits considerably the efficacy of colorectal cancer treatment. The aim of this thesis was to identify major cellular mechanisms leading to oxaliplatin resistance of colorectal cancers. For this purpose, we developed cellular models to study resistance, submitting several human colorectal cell lines to increasing concentrations of oxaliplatin. In this study, oxaliplatin resistance was found to be associated with a mitochondrial apoptosis defect, first in the HCT116 cellular model and then in a second cellular model: SW620. Indeed, oxaliplatin resistance was found to be associated with functional alterations in the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway (cross-resistance to apoptosis inducers acting directly on the mitochondria). In some cases, apoptosis alterations were found to be associated with a dysregulation of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax at several levels: genetic (Bax mutation), transcriptional (over-expression of Bax transcripts) and/or proteomic ( dawn-expression or complete loss of expression of Bax protein). Identification of these alterations in the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in relation to acquisition of oxaliplatin resistance opens new clinical horizons among which are:(i) the development of a method to predict oxaliplatin resistance, based on the identification of tumor markers of mitochondrial apoptosis defects, and (ii) the conception of a therapeutic strategy designed to increase oxaliplatin efficacy by addition of a substance able to modulate phenomena of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis resistance
Roca, Pascal. "Traitement par polychimiothérapie du cancer de l'ovaire en phase avancée : étude rétrospective à propos de 31 cas." Montpellier 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON11030.
Повний текст джерелаDurand, Didier. "Caractérisation de structures privilégiées dans la conception d'antagonistes d'interactions protéine-protéine : application à la synthèse de molécules dans les domaines de l'obésité et du cancer." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05P637.
Повний текст джерелаOne of the challenges facing the pharmaceutical industry in the post genomic area is the rational identification and inhibition of protein-protein interactions. The approach is to incorpor characteristics of privileged structure in the development of inhibitors. This strategy is employed with MCH-R1 antagonists as novel antiobesity agents and with proteins inhibitors of Bcl-2 families as therapeutic agents in cancer. Synthesis of privileged structures: phenyl substituted monocycles (pyridines, piperidines and piperazines) and derivatives of piperazino-azaindolines are described. In vitro inhibition is reported for each compounds, and the structure-activity relationship for each series is discussed. Privileged structures have been successfully exploited throught two different target families and promises to be an effective approach to the discovery and optimization of novel bioactive molecules
Bash, Imam Zeina. "Effect of 5-Fluorouracil on translational regulation in colorectal cancer cells." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10014/document.
Повний текст джерела5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an anti-metabolite intensely used in chemotherapeutic treatments in various cancers. The cellular and molecular mechanisms of action of this anti-cancer agent still remain to be determined. Because 5-FU is incorporated within all classes of RNA, knowledge of the different levels of gene expression regulation affected by 5-FU will help to decipher its mode of action. We hypothesized that the translational control is altered by 5-FU treatment as a consequence of disrupted RNA metabolism. In this study, the colorectal cancer cell line HCT116 has been treated or not by different doses of 5-FU for different periods of time to determine the time and dose window that induces modifications of cell behavior without leading to an extensive cell death. Translational reprogramming was then analyzed during this time and dose window. For this, cytoplasmic fractions were purified and separated through sucrose gradients to distinguish the actively translated mRNAs that are associated with polysomes from the inactive mRNAs associated with monosomes or free mRNAs. A microarray analysis was then performed to identify the mRNAs presented in monosome and polysome fractions with and without treatment. This polysome profiling approach reveals that 5-FU treatment did not turn-off the global translation efficiency, but rather modulates translation efficiency of specific mRNAs. Secondly, more than 640 mRNAs were found to be up-translated following 5-FU treatment. Finally, we have demonstrated that 5-FU induced up-regulation of HIVEP2 by a molecular mechanism involving an action of 5-FU on miR-155
Reydy, Franck. "Chimiothérapie systémique des métastases hépatiques des cancers coliques : à propos de 2 cas de réponse complète et d'une revue de la littérature." Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR2M033.
Повний текст джерелаPensec, Cindy. "Impacts de la chimiothérapie sur le microbiote intestinal à travers l'exemple du pemetrexed sur les modèles murins PDX." Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT1042/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn the field of lung cancer treatments, significant progresses have been realized during last decade, such as targeted therapies and immunotherapies. Nevertheless, chemotherapy remains the gold standard for advanced cancer. Pemetrexed, a chemotherapeutic agent used in NSCLC, can induce significant side effects on patients. However, the impact of pemetrexed on gut microbiota and gastrointestinal inflammation in PDX mice remains unknown, although the role of the microbiota in carcinogenesis and modulation of efficacy or toxicity of chemotherapy agents has been demonstrated. The aim of our study is to evaluate the impact of pemetrexed and tumor on gut microbiota composition by 16S rRNA metabarcoding in PDX models of lung cancer. Firstly, we have found that pemetrexed and tumor induced several modifications on microbiota composition, resulting in a significant increase of the relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae and 3 families from the Firmicutes phylum, and a decrease of Ruminococcaceae. Secondly, a significant alteration of epithelial barrier integrity associated with early inflammation and infiltration of leukocytes into mucosal tissues was observed following treatment. Moreover, we have shown that pemetrexed effect on the microbiota was reproducible on several models of lung PDX models of lung carcinoma, and that dysbiosis was propositional to the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Although, this work is a preliminary approach, that confirms the relationship between microbiota and chemotherapy. It is essential to expand our knowledge about the chemotherapy impact on microbiota in order to minimize the side effects, avoid infection complications, and improve therapy efficiency
Raynal, Caroline. "Etude du rôle du récepteur des xénobiotiques PXR dans la réponse à la chimiothérapie du cancer colorectal." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON13523.
Повний текст джерелаDespite numerous pharmacogenetic studies, clinical efficacy of chemotherapy in colorectal cancer is subjected to broad inter-individual variations leading to the inability to predict outcome and toxicity. Fluoropyrimidines, oxaliplatine and irinotecan are worldwide approved for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer and undergoe extensive peripheral and tumoral metabolism. Considering their metabolic profiles and the tissue distribution of Pregnane X Receptor (PXR), we hypothesized that PXR could play a key role in colon cancer cell response to those cytotoxic agents. PXR is a xenoreceptor activated by many drugs and environmental compounds regulating the expression of drug metabolism and transport genes in detoxification organs such as liver and gastrointestinal tract. Stable transfection of hPXR cDNA in human colorectal cancer cells LS174T, SW480 and SW620 led to a marked chemoresistance to the active metabolite SN38 correlated with PXR expression level. Metabolic profile of SN38 showed a strong enhancement of SN38 glucuronidation to the inactive SN38G metabolite in PXR-expressing cells, related to an increase of UDP-glucuronosyl transferases UGT1A1, UGT1A9 and UGT1A10 mRNAs. Inhibition of PXR expression by lentivirus-mediated shRNA, led to SN38 chemoresistance reversion concomitantly to a decrease of UGT1A1 expression and SN38 glucuronidation. We also showed that PXR was expressed with a strong variability in both normal and neoplastic human colon tissues and highlighted a strong correlation between PXR and UGT1A1 in tumors. Our results suggest that tumoral metabolism of SN38 is affected by PXR and that this should be taken into account in the prediction of irinotecan response as environmental compounds, nutrition and diet affect PXR expression and/or activity
Altmeyer, Anaïs. "Mort cellulaire induite par des radiations ionisantes dans des tumeurs humaines radiorésistantes : étude, in vitro et in vivo, des mécanismes impliqués dans son induction par différents types de rayonnements et modulation pharmacologique." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/ALTMEYER_Anais_2010.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаConcomitant chemo-radiotherapeutic protocols have shown their great efficiency in tumor treatments. However, the management of certain types of tumor is sometimes impaired due to their critical localization or to their low radiosensitivity to “conventional” radiation. A way to by-pass this issue is the use of high-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation or hadrontherapy. Yet, this kind of radiation can be insufficient when employed alone, which justifies the use of radiosensitizing agents. During this thesis, we evaluated the radiosensitizing properties of different molecules on human radioresistant tumoral cells, and more particularly on the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) SK-Hep1 cell line. We demonstrated that a cotreatment associating fast neutrons and oxaliplatin could significantly increase the percentage of autophagic SK-Hep1 cells in vitro, while percentage of apoptotic cells remained very low. We then studied the in vivo effects of a fast neutrons irradiation on an orthotopic HCC model xenografted to nude mice. After analysis by various techniques, we confirmed the in vitro observations, i. E. That autophagy is the predominant cell death type that occurs after such an irradiation. These results reveal the importance of the radio-induced autophagic process in certain types of cancer. In-depth mechanistic studies of this process could lead to improved therapeutic protocols for radioresistant tumors
Boidot, Romain. "Rôle de la Survivine et de ses transcrits alternatifs dans la progression tumorale et la résistance à la chimiothérapie : étude du cancer du sein." Dijon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DIJOS010.
Повний текст джерелаSurvivin is involved in apoptosis and cell cycle regulation. By alternative splicing, its gene gives rise to five transcripts with controversial functions. Our study highlighted that P53 mutations are implied in anti-apoptotic survivin transcript over-expression. In addition, survivin expression could be controlled by new genes located closed to D3S1478 and D6S264 microsatellites. Moreover, survivin is controlled by GATA-1 via both constitutive and alternative binding sites in its promoter. The second part of our work showed that survivin alternative transcripts could have predictive and prognostic roles for response to chemotherapy and study of tumours after one course of chemotherapy could be beneficial for disease prediction and prognosis. The last part of our research highlighted that functions, in two breast tumour cell lines, of the five survivin isoforms, especially of survivin-3B. This last inhibits different apoptosis pathways and shows a therapeutic interest due to its tumour specificity. Interesting results were obtained in vivo. These data shows the survivin transcript study interest in breast cancer and treatment response. These results indicate survivin-3B could be a useful therapeutic target
Deplanque, Gaël. "Relations entre p53, perturbations cytocinétiques, apoptose et survie cellulaire après agressions génotoxiques et en présence ou non de caféine." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR13201.
Повний текст джерелаMasson, Damien. "Formes solubles et variants d'expression de CD44 : aspects biochimiques et clinico-biologiques dans le cancer colorectal." Nantes, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NANT01VS.
Повний текст джерелаChatterjee, Saradiya. "Role of TLR7 in non-small cell lung carcinona (NSCLC)." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066063.
Повний текст джерелаLung cancer accounts for over 1 million deaths per year with a 5-year survival of 8-12%. Stimulation of TLRs by the natural ligands like the PAMPs and DAMPs results in a proinflammatory signaling cascade. We have shown that stimulation of lung cancer cell lines with TLR7 agonist lead to tumor cell survival and chemoresistance in vitro. We studied the effect of TLR7 agonists on A549 and LL/2 cells injected in NOD/SCID and C57BL/6 mice either treated or not with cisplatin. Loxoribine has a pro-tumoral effect on A549 cells and induces chemoresistance in NOD/SCID mice. Blockade of TLR7 with IRS661 reversed the pro-tumoral effect of TLR7 agonist on A549 cells. CL264 was also found to have a pro-tumoral effect on LL/2 cells and induced chemoresistance in NOD/SCID mice. On the other hand CL264 at lower concentration induces an anti-tumoral effect on LL/2 cells while at a higher concentration demonstrated a pro-tumoral effect in C57BL/6 mice. We also demonstrated an overall bad prognostic value for higher expression of TLR7 by tumoral cells among NSCLC patients treated and not treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. These results suggest a pro- tumoral role and induction of chemoresistance by TLR7 in NSCLC patients. Use of TLR7 agonist as therapeutic option is recommended based on the TLR7 expression level for individual NSCLC patients. TLR7 antagonist holds promise for treatment of NSCLC in future