Статті в журналах: "Camellia sinenses"

1

VENTURA DA CRUZ SOUZA, ANA CLARA, and LAÍS DA SILVA COSTA. "ESTUDO SOBRE INIBIDORES VERDES (CHÁ PRETO E CHÁ VERDE – CAMELLIA SINENSES) NA CORROSÃO DO AÇO INOXIDÁVEL AUSTENÍTICO 316." LEOPOLDIANUM 49, no. 137 (May 15, 2023): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.58422/releo2023.e1402.

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A corrosão é o desgaste natural que ocorre em metais, podendo ser resultadode reações eletroquímicas ou reações de oxirredução entre o metal eo ambiente. É um processo espontâneo que transforma os metais, impedindoo desempenho e durabilidade desses, causando diversos problemasem indústrias de diferentes tipos. Porém, existem algumas formas de preveniressa ação, como por exemplo, usando inibidores de corrosão para osmetais. Dentre alguns tipos de inibidores, há os inibidores verdes, ou seja,aqueles que são obtidos a partir de extratos de plantas ou frutas, sendouma ótima alternativa ecológica, além de ser uma fonte renovável. O presenteestudo, teve como objetivo verificar a capacidade da Camellia sinensis– Chá Verde e Chá Preto, na inibição de corrosão do aço austenítico 316,quando submetido a meios corrosivos de ácido clorídrico em 1,0 mol.L-1e 0,1 mol.L-1. Foram realizados diversos testes em laboratório, além do levantamentode artigos e pesquisas semelhantes. Não se observou mudançasignificativa em relação à corrosão do aço 316 em presença de extratosdo chá verde e do chá preto; no entanto, o chá preto é capaz de inibir acorrosão do cobre na presença de NaCl e de aço carbono, como citado emliteratura, incentivando novos estudos sobre o tema estudado.

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Kim, Jung-Hee, Itsumi Koike, Toshiki Nakashima, Michikazu Hiramatsu, Ikuo Miyajima, Yuki Mizunoe, Hiroshi Okubo, and Yukio Ozaki. "Genetic Variation and Phylogeny of Wabisuke Camellias by Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) Analysis." Agronomy 11, no. 10 (September 30, 2021): 1974. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11101974.

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Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis was conducted on the wabisuke camellia and its relative camellia species. Genetic polymorphism was identified among the ‘Uraku’ camellia, its offspring ‘Tosa-uraku’ and Camellia japonica, whereas the two accessions of the old ‘Uraku’ showed monomorphism in all the fragments. The results suggested that the two old ‘Uraku’ trees are asexually-propagated clonal strains. The genetic distance between wabisuke cultivars and Chinese camellias and between wabisuke camellias and C. sinensis was much further than that between wabisuke cultivars and Camellia japonica. It has also been suggested that wabisuke camellias can be classified into two subgroups, I-1 and I-2, and that Subgroup I-2 originated from C. japonica, while Subgroup I-1, including ‘Uraku’ (synonym: ‘Tarokaja’), was developed by the repeated hybridization of C. japonica to interspecific hybrids with the Chinese camellias, e.g., C. pitardii var. pitardii, or by the involvement of related species not investigated in this study.

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Yel, Hüsnü, Ayfer Dönmez Çavdar, and Hülya Kalaycioğlu. "Mechanical and Physical Properties of Cement-Bonded Perticleboard Made from Tea Residues and Hardboards." Key Engineering Materials 471-472 (February 2011): 572–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.471-472.572.

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The residues of tea factory and waste hardboards are generally incinerated without utilizing their heat performances. The first objective of this study was to manufacture cement bonded particleboard using residues of tea factory (Camellia sinenses L.) and waste hardboards. The second objective was to evaluate modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), internal bonding strength (IB), water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS) properties of the boards produced. The boards were produced at two density levels of 800 and 1200 kg/m3 and at five lignocellulosic mixture ratios of poplar chips/hardboards/tea residues (1/0/0; 1/1/0; 1/0/1; 0/1/0; 0/0/1, based on weigth). All the boards were produced at lignocellulosic material/cement ratio of 1:2.75 on a weight to weight basis. As cement curing accelerators, Al2(SO4)3 and Na2SiO3 were used at ratios of 1.5% and 3.5%, based on cement weight, respectively. The MOR values ranged from 0.8 to 10.99 MPa and MOE values ranged from 254 to 2979 MPa. The mean values of WA and TS after 24 h of water soaking of the cemen bonded particleboards ranged from 28% to 43.5% and 1.3% to 8.08%, respectively.

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4

Sousa, Letícia Pereira dos Santos Barbosa de, Priscila Maria Sarmeiro Correa Marciano Leite, Angela Aparecida Vieira, Anderson Carlos Faria, and Lucia Vieira. "Effect of water and alkali on purification bacterial cellulose membrane from Kombucha." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 15 (December 2, 2021): e526101523267. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i15.23267.

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Bacterial cellulose membrane (BCM) is a biomaterial synthesized by bacteria of the genus Gluconocetobacter hansenii with a higher degree of purity than plant cellulose. The commonly used raw material for manipulating bacterial cellulose is kombucha, a beverage consumed by a vast population around the world that promises health benefits. The beverage is composed of tea species Camellia sinenses and a carbon source, refined sucrose, and a starter culture of bacteria and yeast with 10% fermented tea (starter tea) to activate the fermentative process. The Kombucha’s bacterial cellulose membranes (KBCM) are formed over 7 to 10 days on the surface of the fermented product and have the appearance of a gelatinous membrane, this being the by-product of interest. In this work, the objective was to obtain the membrane composed of cellulose via Kombucha and purify it to obtain crystalline cellulose. The purification was performed with distilled water and 0.5M NaOH sodium hydroxide solution to remove residues from the fermentation, successfully removing sugars and bacteria. At the end of the experiments, a lighter film was obtained with coloration close to white, and comparative analyses were performed to verify the structural chemical composition, crystallinity, and morphology of the samples by techniques FTIR, DRX, and SEM, respectively. Then, once the biomaterial was purified, the range of applications expanded to several products to meet the biomedical area, sustainable packaging, and even the fashion industry.

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5

Sivanesan, Asaipillai, and John L. Alcorn. "Australiasca queenslandica gen. et sp. nov. (Chaetosphaeriaceae: Ascomycota) and its anamorph Dischloridium camelliae sp. nov. from Australia." Australian Systematic Botany 15, no. 5 (2002): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb01049.

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A new ascomycete, Australiasca queenslandica gen. et sp. nov., belonging to Chaetosphaeriaceae, is described and illustrated from Queensland, Australia with Dischloridium camelliae sp. nov. as its anamorph from Camellia sinensis. This is the first report of a substantiated connection between a teleomorph and a Dischloridium anamorph.

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6

Chen, Yingjuan, Liang Zeng, Na Shu, Maoyuan Jiang, Han Wang, Yunjin Huang, and Huarong Tong. "Pestalotiopsis-Like Species Causing Gray Blight Disease on Camellia sinensis in China." Plant Disease 102, no. 1 (January 2018): 98–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-05-17-0642-re.

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Gray blight of tea, caused by several Pestalotiopsis-like species, is one of the most destructive foliar diseases in tea cultivation yet the characteristics of these pathogens have not been confirmed until now. With morphological and multigene phylogenetic analyses, we have identified the gray blight fungi as Pseudopestalotiopsis camelliae-sinensis, Neopestalotiopsis clavispora, and Pestalotiopsis camelliae. Phylogenetic analyses derived from the combined internal transcribed spacer, β-tubulin, and translation elongation factor 1-α gene regions successfully resolved most of the Pestalotiopsis-like species used in this study with high bootstrap supports and revealed three major clusters representing these three species. Differences in colony appearance and conidia morphology (shape, size, septation, color and length of median cells, and length and number of apical and basal appendages) were consistent with the phylogenetic grouping. Pathogenicity tests validated that all three species isolated from tea leaves were causal agents of gray blight disease on tea plant (Camellia sinensis). This is the first description of the characteristics of the three species Pseudopestalotiopsis camelliae-sinensis, N. clavispora, and Pestalotiopsis camelliae as causal agents of tea gray blight disease in China.

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7

Orrock, James M., Bala Rathinasabapathi, and Brantlee Spakes Richter. "Anthracnose in U.S. Tea: Pathogen Characterization and Susceptibility Among Six Tea Accessions." Plant Disease 104, no. 4 (April 2020): 1055–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-07-19-1518-re.

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Tea (Camellia sinensis [L.] O. Kuntze) is under investigation as a specialty crop in the United States. Anthracnose is a serious disease in global tea production, but there is no literature on the susceptibility of U.S. planting materials to this disease. We isolated a Colletotrichum species from symptomatic plants in a field trial and identified the pathogen as Colletotrichum camelliae based on morphology and sequencing of the ITS, GS, GAPDH, TUB2, and ApMat domains. A phylogenetic analysis showed that local field isolates were genetically similar to one another and grouped with isolates from C. sinensis in China, whereas a local isolate from an ornamental camellia (C. japonica) was more closely related to C. camelliae isolated from other Camellia spp. Six commercially available tea accessions were evaluated in detached leaf assays for susceptibility to this anthracnose pathogen. All accessions were susceptible to infection, with Fairhope and Small Leaf having the largest lesion sizes. In field observations, Fairhope, Big Leaf, and Small Leaf consistently had lower disease severity than Georgian over two growing seasons. This work documents the impact of anthracnose on U.S. tea varieties and may help shape future directions of tea research, breeding, and recommendations for growers in establishing a novel industry.

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SONG, ZI-WEI, XIAO-FENG XUE, and XIAO-YUE HONG. "One new genus and four new species of Phyllocoptinae (Acari: Eriophyoidea) from Fujian Province, southeastern China." Zootaxa 1894, no. 1 (October 8, 2008): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1894.1.3.

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One new genus and four new species of the Phyllocoptinae from Fujian Province, southeastern China are described and illustrated. They are Fujianacarus gen. nov. and Fujianacarus wisterianis sp. nov. on Wisteria sinensis (Sims) Sweet (Fabaceae); Epitrimerus buxsinica sp. nov. on Buxus sinica (Rehd. et Wils.) Cheng (Buxaceae); Shevtchenkella camelliae sp. nov. on Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze. (Theaceae) and Jutarus dolichocladae sp. nov. on Bambusa dolichoclada Hayata (Poaceae). All species are vagrant on the undersurface of leaves, causing no apparent damage to the host plant.

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9

SUWANNARACH, NAKARIN, JATURONG KUMLA, and SAISAMORN LUMYONG. "Spegazzinia camelliae sp. nov. (Didymosphaeriaceae, Pleosprales), a new endophytic fungus from northern Thailand." Phytotaxa 483, no. 2 (February 10, 2021): 117–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.483.2.4.

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A new endophytic ascomycete, described herein as Spegazzinia camelliae, was isolated from leaves of Camellia sinensis var. assamica collected from Nan Province, Thailand. This species is characterized by basauxic conidiophores and dark brown to blackish brown α and β conidia. It can be distinguished from previously described Spegazzinia species by the spine length of the α conidia and the size of the β conidia. Multi-gene phylogenetic analyses of the small subunit (SSU), large subunit (LSU) and internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) genes also support S. camelliae is a distinct new species within Spegazzinia. A full description, color photographs, illustrations and a phylogenetic tree showing the position of S. camelliae are provided.

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Jiang, Hao, Mengting Zhang, Li Qin, Dongxu Wang, Feng Yu, Wenhui Liang, Chuankui Song, and Daniel Granato. "Chemical Composition of a Supercritical Fluid (Sfe-CO2) Extract from Baeckea frutescens L. Leaves and Its Bioactivity Against Two Pathogenic Fungi Isolated from the Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze)." Plants 9, no. 9 (August 29, 2020): 1119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9091119.

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Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Pseudopestalotiopsis camelliae-sinensis are the two most important tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.) pathogenic fungi. Interest in natural plant extracts as alternatives to synthetic chemical fungicides to control plant pathogens is growing. In this study, the volatile fraction of Baeckea frutescens L. was extracted by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE-CO2), and its chemical composition was analyzed, and investigated for its antifungal activity against C. gloeosporioides and P. camelliae. The major constituents of the volatile fraction were β-caryophyllene (28.05%), α-caryophyllene (24.02%), δ-cadinene (6.29%) and eucalyptol (5.46%) in B. frutescens SFE-CO2 extracts. The terpineol, linalool, terpinen-4-ol and eucalyptol showed strong contact antifungal activity against P. camelliae and C. gloeosporioides with median inhibitory concentration (MIC50) in the range of 0.69 μL/mL to 2.79 μL/mL and 0.62 μL/mL to 2.18 μL/mL, respectively. Additionally, the volatile fraction had high fumigation antifungal activity against P. camelliae and C. gloeosporioides with an inhibition rate between 20.87% and 92.91%. Terpineol presented the highest antifungal activity in the contact and fumigation toxicity assays. Terpineol, linalool, terpinen-4-ol and eucalyptol were associated with the most active chemical compounds in the volatile fraction against the fungi. The results suggest that B. frutescens SFE-CO2 extracts are potential ingredients to develop a natural fungicide for control of tea plant pathogens.

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Oh, Hyun-Woo, Byung-Chun Kim, Kang Hyun Lee, Do Young Kim, Doo-Sang Park, Hee-Moon Park, and Kyung Sook Bae. "Paenibacillus camelliae sp. nov., isolated from fermented leaves of Camellia sinensis." Journal of Microbiology 46, no. 5 (October 2008): 530–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12275-008-0233-9.

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Muhartono, Muhartono, Nabilah Amirah Salsabila, and Putu Ristyaning Ayu. "THE The Effect of Green Tea Infusion (Camellia sinensis) on Histopathology of White Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Liver Sprague dawley Strain Induced by Ethanol." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 10, no. 2-s (April 15, 2020): 90–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v10i2-s.4036.

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Aims: This research aims to determine the effect of green tea infusion (Camellia sinensis) on the hitopathology of white rat liver induced by ethanol. Method: This study used 30 rats divided into 5 groups as follow negative control group (K1) given aquades, positive control group (K2) given 20% 2 mL/day peroral, treatment group 1, 2, 3 (P1, P2, P3) given 20% ethanol 2 mL/day peroral followed by green tea infusion with doses 0,375 g/day, 0,75 g/day, and 1,5 g/day single dose per oral for 14 days. The the liver of the rat is taken for microscopic examination. The mean Manja Roenigk scores obtained were K1=1,16, K2=3,36, P1=2,8, P2=2,68, and P3=2,56. Data were tested with the Kruskal-wallis test followed by Mann whitney’s post hoc test. Results: The results showed a significant mean difference between positive group (K2) and the treatment group P1, P2, and P3. There is no significant mean difference between P1-P2, P1-P3, and P2-P3 which means giving green tea infusion (Cameliia sinensis) in P2 and P3 gave almost the same effect as P1. Conclusion: There is an effect of giving green tea infusion (Camellia sinensis) to the histopathology of white rat liver induced by ethanol. Keywords: antioxidants, ethanol, green tea infusion, liver histopathology.

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Patel, Salil H. "Camellia sinensis." Journal of Agromedicine 10, no. 2 (October 12, 2005): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j096v10n02_08.

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Zhou, Xiaochen, Lanting Zeng, Yingjuan Chen, Xuewen Wang, Yinyin Liao, Yangyang Xiao, Xiumin Fu, and Ziyin Yang. "Metabolism of Gallic Acid and Its Distributions in Tea (Camellia sinensis) Plants at the Tissue and Subcellular Levels." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 16 (August 8, 2020): 5684. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21165684.

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In tea (Camellia sinensis) plants, polyphenols are the representative metabolites and play important roles during their growth. Among tea polyphenols, catechins are extensively studied, while very little attention has been paid to other polyphenols such as gallic acid (GA) that occur in tea leaves with relatively high content. In this study, GA was able to be transformed into methyl gallate (MG), suggesting that GA is not only a precursor of catechins, but also can be transformed into other metabolites in tea plants. GA content in tea leaves was higher than MG content—regardless of the cultivar, plucking month or leaf position. These two metabolites occurred with higher amounts in tender leaves. Using nonaqueous fractionation techniques, it was found that GA and MG were abundantly accumulated in peroxisome. In addition, GA and MG were found to have strong antifungal activity against two main tea plant diseases, Colletotrichum camelliae and Pseudopestalotiopsis camelliae-sinensis. The information will advance our understanding on formation and biologic functions of polyphenols in tea plants and also provide a good reference for studying in vivo occurrence of specialized metabolites in economic plants.

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Gul khan, Samreen, Muhammad Farman, Umar Hayat, Ali Usman, Muhammad irfan, and Muhammad Ameeq. "Extraction and Ameliorative Effect of Camellia sinensis against toxicity induced by nickel nanoparticles in Sprague Dawley Rats." International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research 11, no. 10 (October 25, 2020): 751–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.14299/ijser.2020.10.07.

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Camellia sinensis is extensively cultivated in most regions of the world. Camellia sinensis is known to have several pharmacological effects such as hypoglycemia, hypocholestrolemia, antioxidant, laxation, fungicide and appetite stimulation. Extraction of Camellia sinensis was done in Analytical lab of GC University Faisalabad. After extraction the extract were subjected to phytochemical analysis.

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Putri, Nazariah, Iwan Dewanto, and Rifki Febriansah. "Antioxidant and Chemoprevention Activity of Camelia Sinensis-Annona muricata Extract Combination against WiDr Cells Line." Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan 21, no. 2 (July 9, 2021): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/mmjkk.v21i2.11158.

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Antioxidant compounds have an essential role in inhibiting the process of cell proliferation and have a chemopreventive effect. This study aims to trace the presence of antioxidant compounds allegedly contained in tea leaves (Camelia Sinensis L.) and soursop leaves (Anonna muricata L.) and investigate their potency as chemopreventive agents. Research steps include (1) identify the active compounds using thin-layer chromatography (TLC); (2) find out the potential compounds against cancer cells by molecular docking using Autodock Vina; (3) conduct a potential antioxidant test using free radicals DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-pikrihidrazil); and (4) identify the cytotoxic effect on WiDr colon cancer cells test using MTT Assay method. The results showed that the ethanolic extract of Camellia sinensis-Annona muricata leaf combination was suspected of containing flavonoid compounds with Rf values of 0.66 and 0.68. Besides, the DPPH antioxidant test showed an IC50 value of 26.9 μg/mL. Cytotoxic potential against WiDr cells resulted in an IC50 value of 41 μg/mL. Furthermore, the molecular docking test of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and Acetogenin compounds against bcl-xl target proteins showed the docking score of -8.1 kcal/mol and -6.7 kcal/mol, respectively. It concluded that the extract combination of Camelia Sinensis-Annona muricata leaf had strong potency as an antioxidant and chemopreventive agent against the WiDr colon cancer cells line.

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Zou, Chun, Xin Zhang, Yongquan Xu, and Junfeng Yin. "Recent Advances Regarding Polyphenol Oxidase in Camellia sinensis: Extraction, Purification, Characterization, and Application." Foods 13, no. 4 (February 9, 2024): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods13040545.

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Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) is an important metalloenzyme in the tea plant (Camellia sinensis). However, there has recently been a lack of comprehensive reviews on Camellia sinensis PPO. In this study, the methods for extracting PPO from Camellia sinensis, including acetone extraction, buffer extraction, and surfactant extraction, are compared in detail. The main purification methods for Camellia sinensis PPO, such as ammonium sulfate precipitation, three-phase partitioning, dialysis, ultrafiltration, ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration chromatography, and affinity chromatography, are summarized. PPOs from different sources of tea plants are characterized and systematically compared in terms of optimal pH, optimal temperature, molecular weight, substrate specificity, and activators and inhibitors. In addition, the applications of PPO in tea processing and the in vitro synthesis of theaflavins are outlined. In this review, detailed research regarding the extraction, purification, properties, and application of Camellia sinensis PPO is summarized to provide a reference for further research on PPO.

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Shahriar, Saleh Ahmed, Abdul Omar Nur-Shakirah, and Masratul Hawa Mohd. "Neopestalotiopsis clavispora and Pseudopestalotiopsis camelliae-sinensis causing grey blight disease of tea (Camellia sinensis) in Malaysia." European Journal of Plant Pathology 162, no. 3 (November 29, 2021): 709–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10658-021-02433-2.

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Reyes-Mansilla, Ricardo, Adelmo Cuentas-Robles, and Donald Ramos-Perfecto. "Camellia sinensis, a natural product to support the treatment of medical and stomatological conditions." Journal of Oral Research 12, no. 1 (May 30, 2023): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17126/joralres.2023.003.

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Introduction: The tea plant, Camellia sinensis, is one of the most popular non-alcoholic beverages in the world. The main components of Camellia sinensis include amino acids, fatty acids, phenolic compounds, flavins and purine alkaloids (xanthines). For this reason, in the field of medicine, Camellia sinensis has been used as an anticancer, anxiolytic, antidiabetic, antiobesity, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, chemopreventive, cytotoxic and apoptogenic, genoprotective, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, hemato-protective, and in wound healing, among other uses. Objective: To carry out a systematic review of the use of C. sinensis as supportive therapy in the treatment of oral disorders. Materials and Methods: This systematic review was carried out following the PRISMA guidelines. The search was carried out in the PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google Academic databases. Articles from studies of Camellia sinensis were reviewed and those from a secondary source, such as literature review articles, were excluded Results: A total of 12 full-text articles were selected for review, in which the properties of Camellia sinensis are detailed. Conclusions: According to the bibliography reviewed, C. sinensis exhibits anticariogenic properties, applications in the treatment of dental erosion, applications in the treatment of gingivitis and bacterial plaque, and applications in the prevention of oral cancer; however, more controlled clinical trials are needed to confirm its effectiveness and safety of use.

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Shen, Chao. "Comparative Transcriptomic Analyses of Chlorogenic Acid Biosynthesis Pathways in Diploid and Triploid Camellia sinensis." International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 26, no. 02 (August 1, 2021): 317–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1840.

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Chlorogenic acid (CGA), as a kind of depside in plants, has a variety of beneficial effects on human health, which also plays an important role in helping plants resist a variety of stresses. Therefore, the biosynthetic pathway of CGA has been studied in many plants, however, the synthesis of CGA has not been well elucidated in Camellia sinensis. In our research, different CGA levels were detected between triploid tea variety „Qianfu 4‟ and diplont tea variety „Qianmei 419‟ using HPLC and the CGA content in triploid Camellia sinensis was greater than that in diploid Camellia sinensis. Transcriptome sequencing for diploid and triploid Camellia sinensis was employed to explore genes associated with CGA biosynthesis. Finally, 154,097 unigenes were obtained in total, of which 891 may be related to the biosynthesis of CGA. Furthermore, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened between diploid and triploid Camellia sinensis, 32 DEGs were discovered to be related to CGA biosynthesis, including sixteen phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) genes, three 4-coumarate coenzyme A ligase (4CL) genes, nine cinnamate 4-Hydroxylase (C4H) genes, four Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA shikimate/quinate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HQT/HCT), and two hundred and twenty-one TFs including eighty-eight ERFs, forty-one bZIPs, forty-two MYBs and fifty WRKYs, which may also play an important role in the biosynthesis of CGA. Our results will lay the foundation for further exploration of the biosynthesis of CGA and revealing the related regulatory network in Camellia sinensis. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

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Liu, Xin, Jiahui Zhou, Jinbao Tian, Wei Cheng, and Xingguo Wang. "Herbaspirillum camelliae sp. nov., a novel endophytic bacterium isolated from Camellia sinensis L." Archives of Microbiology 202, no. 7 (May 9, 2020): 1801–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00203-020-01892-1.

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Alim, Angelica Riadi. "POTENSI EKSTRAK DAUN CAMELLIA SINENSIS SEBAGAI UPAYA PREVENTIF TERHADAP SERANGAN ASMA." JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia 9, no. 1 (July 12, 2021): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.53366/jimki.v9i1.328.

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Pendahuluan: Asma adalah penyakit respiratorik yang memiliki prevalensi tinggi di seluruh dunia. Salah satu gejala asma adalah serangan asma, yaitu sesak napas. Gejala ini dapat berakhir fatal jika tidak diatasi dengan baik. Metode: Tinjauan Pustaka ini disusun dengan cara meninjau beberapa sumber ilmiah dengan beberapa kata kunci. Selanjutnya penulis menganalisis, meninjau dan memilah referensi yang relevan. Pembahasan: Kandungan kafein dalam daun Camellia sinensis dapat berfungsi sebagai bronkodilator sehingga penggunaan ekstrak daun C. sinensis dapat menjadi solusi yang tepat dalam upaya preventif terhadap serangan asma dan menurunkan angka mortalitas asma. Simpulan: Penggunaan ekstrak daun Camellia sinensis berpotensi sebagai upaya preventif terhadap serangan asma. Kata Kunci: asma, Camellia sinensis, kafein

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Wang, Shuangshuang, Xiaozeng Mi, Zhiran Wu, Lixin Zhang, and Chaoling Wei. "Characterization and Pathogenicity of Pestalotiopsis-Like Species Associated With Gray Blight Disease on Camellia sinensis in Anhui Province, China." Plant Disease 103, no. 11 (November 2019): 2786–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-19-0412-re.

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Gray blight disease, caused by Pestalotiopsis-like fungi, is one of the deadliest threats to tea (Camellia sinensis) production. However, little information is known about the traits and characteristics of this pathogen. Here, a systematic survey was performed, and a total of 20 representative isolates were obtained from the leaves of tea plants affected by gray blight in two main tea plantations located in Anhui Province, China. Further analyses showed that two isolates were identified as Neopestalotiopsis ellipsospora, three isolates were regarded as Pseudopestalotiopsis chinensis, one isolate was considered as Pseudopestalotiopsis camelliae-sinensis, and the remaining isolates belonged to Pseudopestalotiopsis spp., on the basis of morphological characteristics and multigene phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer, β-tubulin, and translation elongation factor 1-α. Pathogenicity tests indicated that there were significant differences in virulence among the Neopestalotiopsis and Pseudopestalotiopsis isolates when inoculated on the leaves of the tea plant (C. sinensis ‘Shuchazao’). Furthermore, varied pathogenicity was also observed for the same isolate when inoculated on different varieties of tea plants. To our knowledge, this is the first record of Neopestalotiopsis ellipsospora and Pseudopestalotiopsis chinensis causing gray blight disease of tea plants in China.

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R, Harini, and Chandramohan A. "EXPLORING THE ANTIOBESITY AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF THE METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CAMELLIA SINENSIS." International journal of multidisciplinary advanced scientific research and innovation 2, no. 1 (January 11, 2022): 397–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.53633/ijmasri.2021.2.1.003.

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The escalating problem of obesity has become a cause of great concern in the world today as it leads to adverse effects on human health, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer etc. The major causes of obesity may be attributed to sedentary lifestyle and bad food habits. Conventional modalities to tackle obesity are not free from side-effects. Urgency of a novel, nontoxic means needs to be developed to control obesity. In this study we aim to screen the phytochemical compounds of Camellia Sinensis and evaluate its antiobesity and antioxidant effects. The methanolic extract of Camellia Sinensis was analyzed for its phytochemical screening and assayed for its in-vitro activity against pancreatic lipase, its antioxidant potential and quantitative estimation of flavonoids and phenolics were done. The methanolic extract of Camellia Sinensis strongly inhibited pancreatic lipase by 63% and it also possesses a strong antioxidant effect and there was a significant positive correlation between phenolics, flavonoids and with alkaloid contents. From these results, it could be concluded that methanolic extracts of Camellia Sinensis possesses antipancreatic lipase compounds. It also possesses antioxidant effect. It is suggested that the phytochemical compounds from there plants may be applied for the prevention and treatment of obesity or hyperlipidemia. Keywords: Obesity, Camellia Sinensis, Pancreatic lipase, Antioxidant, Phenolic

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Suryana, Shendi, Yen Yen Ade Nuraeni, and Tina Rostinawati. "Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Dari Lima Tanaman Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus Epidermidis Dengan Metode Mikrodilusi M7 – A6CLSI." Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology 4, no. 1 (April 13, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.15416/ijpst.v4i1.8982.

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Telah dilakukan penelitian uji aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak etanol daun Leucaena leucocephala, Camellia sinensis, Psidium guajava L, Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis dan Solanum nigrum L. terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis menggunakan metode mikrodilusi. Sebagai pembanding digunakan antibiotik tetrasiklin HCl, kloramfenikol dan amoksisilin. Ekstrak etanol Leucaena leucocephala, Camellia sinensis dan Psidium guajava L memiliki aktivitas sebagai antibakteri, sedangkan ekstrak etanol uji lainnya memiliki aktivitas antibakteri yang tidak signifikan. Nilai Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM) ekstrak etanol Leucaena leucocephala terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis adalah 62,5 μg/ml. Nilai Konsentrasi Bakterisidal Minimum (KBM) ekstrak etanol Camellia sinensis dan Psidium guajava L adalah 125 μg/ml.

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Ogar, Faith Onyedikachi, Victor Tamunotonye Ibubeleye, Precious Ojo Uahomo, and Nwibana Barisuka Kofii. "Evaluation of the Effects of Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) on Markers of Liver Function and Liver Histology in Wistar Rats." Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research 24, no. 1 (September 15, 2023): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jocamr/2023/v24i1490.

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Background: Green tea is rich in flavonoids and catechins, compounds reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. However, there is a need to evaluate the effects of green tea on vital organs like the liver. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Camellia sinensis on markers of liver function, and liver histology in Wistar rats. Methods: Forty-eight adult male Wistar rats were divided into four equal groups and orally administered 250mg/kg, 500mg/kg and 1000mg/kg of Camellia sinensis extract or 1ml of distilled water for up to 28 days. AST, ALT, ALP, TP, ALB, TB, and CB levels were measured at various time points. Effect on liver histology was also assessed using haematoxylin and eosin staining. Results: Camellia sinensis had varying effects on biomarkers of liver injury in a dose-dependent manner. Higher doses (500mg/kg and 1000mg/kg) of Camellia sinensis led to significant increases in AST, ALT, and ALP levels when consumed for up to 21 days. TP and ALB levels were not significantly altered. TB levels significantly increased in the highest dose group while CB levels did not significantly change at any time point studied. Also, higher doses of Camellia sinensis were associated with the development of fatty liver and mild inflammation from the histology. Conclusion: Camellia sinensis extract at low dose may not be harmful to the liver, however, the potential toxicity of green tea on the liver (at higher doses) should be further studied. Moderate use of green tea is therefore, recommended to ensure its safe and beneficial effects on liver health.

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Md. Emdad Ullah, Sin War Naw, Ahmad Affan Ali Murtadlo, Muhammad Badrut Tamam, and Rasyadan Taufiq Probojati. "Molecular Mechanism of Black Tea (Camellia sinensis) as SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Inhibitor through Computational Approach." SAINSTEK International Journal on Applied Science, Advanced Technology and Informatics 1, no. 01 (June 9, 2022): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/sainstek/vol1-iss01/5.

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SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans also causes cytokine storm and can lead to patient death, this condition occurs due to the excessive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines by immune cells. SARS-CoV-2 infects cells in the human respiratory tract. Spike glycoprotein aims to bind to ACE2 in the viral entry process. Several studies have suggested that the SARS-CoV-2 spike is an ideal target for drug design. Camellia sinensis or black tea is a member of the Theaceae family and the genus Camellia. Camellia is a vast genus to East India, the Malay Peninsula, and Southeast Asia, together with Indonesia. In truth, Camellia sinensis is a tropical fruit that has been used as a traditional medicine for hundreds of years globally. This study is to identify the bioactive compounds from Camellia sinensis as an antiviral agent via spike glycoprotein inhibitor mechanisms against the SARS-CoV-2 infection through the in silico approach

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Bekti Sunarharum, Wenny, Dego Yusa Ali, Tanalyna Hasna, Azzahramidha Pradichaputri, Adnel Nathaniela Sabatudung, Nadyah Eka Nurizza, Muhamad Ibnu Shidqi Farras, and Annisa Aurora Kartika. "The potential of spiced tea for health." Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.afssaae.2022.005.02.8.

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Tea (Camellia sinensis) is one of the most important commodities in the world, including in Indonesia. Tea products contain polyphenols, an antioxidant beneficial for health. Nowadays, tea product diversification has gain market and increased consumer acceptance due to its functional benefits besides flavour. The use of spices in tea is widely applied not only to add flavour, but also to increase its functional value. Various bioactive components contained in spices can be used as fragrances, flavour enhancers, preservatives, and natural colouring. This review explores the potential benefit of adding spices into tea (Camellia sinensis) to enrich previous studies on tea and to support development of Camellia sinensis-based tea in Indonesia.

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Lumbantobing, Christina J. R. Esmaralda, Risna Damayanti, and Liena. "Use of Green Tea Extract (Camellia sinensis) Orally to Prevent Dyslipidemia in Female Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Fed A High-Fat Diet." Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA 9, no. 12 (December 20, 2023): 11862–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i12.6520.

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One of the significant danger factors for cardiovascular disease and stroke is dyslipidemia. According to long-term prospective epidemiological research, coronary heart disease is less common in those with good lipid profiles who lead better lives. In this study, on a high-fat diet, female wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) will be tested and analyzed to see if green tea extract (Camellia sinensis) can prevent dyslipidemia when given orally. Compared to a control group that received only distilled water, the trial group that received 5 milliliters of green tea extract (Camellia sinensis) had significantly lower total and LDL cholesterol levels and higher HDL cholesterol levels. This treatment was more effective in lowering cholesterol overall. The components found in green tea (Camellia sinensis), including tannins, steroids, alkaloids, saponins, and flavonoids, can induce this. When certain bioactive substances are off, the body can bring them back into normalcy. These results suggest that white wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), given a high-fat diet, can benefit from green tea (Camellia sinensis) extract to avoid dyslipidemia. Your lipid profile can be improved by ingesting green tea extract. The primary polyphenol in tea, catechin, is responsible for this transformation. Therefore, the Camellia sinensis plant, from which green tea is made, is a valuable plant that can halt or slow the progression of several ailments, including hypertension, metabolic disorders, and cardiovascular disorders.

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Shim, Doobo, Seung Ho Jeon, Jong Cheol Kim, and Dong-Kyung Yoon. "Comparative Phylogenetic Analysis of Ancient Korean Tea "Hadong Cheon-Nyeon Cha (Camellia sinensis var. sinensis)" Using Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequences." Current Issues in Molecular Biology 46, no. 2 (January 24, 2024): 1091–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cimb46020069.

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Wild teas are valuable genetic resources for studying evolution and breeding. Here, we report the complete chloroplast genome of the ancient Korean tea ‘Hadong Cheon-nyeon Cha’ (C. sinensis var. sinensis), which is known as the oldest tea tree in Korea. This study determined seven Camellia sinensis var. sinenesis, including Hadong Cheon-nyeon Cha (HCNC) chloroplast genome sequences, using Illumina sequencing technology via de novo assembly. The chloroplast genome sizes ranged from 157,019 to 157,114 bp and were organized into quadripartite regions with the typical chloroplast genomes. Further, differences in SNPs and InDels were detected across the seven chloroplast genomes through variance analysis. Principal component and phylogenetic analysis suggested that regional constraints, rather than functional constraints, strongly affected the sequence evolution of the cp genomes in this study. These genomic resources provide evolutionary insight into Korean tea plant cultivars and lay the foundation for a better understanding of the ancient Korean tea plant HCNC.

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Oktaviana, Monica, Johannes C. Prihadi, and Lucky H. Moehario. "EFFECTIVITY OF 50% ETHANOL EXTRACT OF CAMELLIA SINENSIS TEA LEAVES AS HAND ANTISEPTIC." Damianus Journal of Medicine 20, no. 1 (May 31, 2021): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.25170/djm.v20i1.1835.

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Introduction: : Practicing hand hygiene is a way to control an infection. The recent COVID-19 pandemic, hand hygiene has become the necessity. Using antiseptic which contain chemical active ingredients causes skin problem. Camellia sinensis is a natural ingredient which its antimicrobial properties is due to the presence of catechin. The study was aimed to determine the effectivity of ethanol extract of Camellia sinensis tea leaves as hand antiseptic. Methods: This research was a comparative experimental analytic to 32 respondents conducted in the Microbiology Laboraroty of Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences–Atma Jaya Jakarta Catholic University of Indonesia. Sampling was carried out by taking bacterial swabs on the right palms. Followed by dilution using serial dilution method and inoculated onto nutrient agar using the spread plate technic. After incubation at 37oC overnight the bacterial colonies were calculated using colony counter within a range of 30-300 colonies per plate. Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney was used for data analysis. Results: The total number of bacterial colonies after sanitizing using 50% ethanol extract of Camellia sinensis tea leaves was reduced by 55.04% (p=0.003). Meanwhile, 70% alcohol curb the bacterial colonies by 76.84% (p=0.000). The comparison of the effectivity of 50% ethanol extract of Camellia sinensistea leaves versus 70% alcohol as hand antiseptic was insignificance (p=0.300). Conclusion: 50% ethanol extract of Camellia sinensis tea leaves showed activity against hand’s microorganisms. However, the percentages of Camellia sinensis extract might be increased so as to achieve the effectivity of 70% alcohol.

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Hasegawa, Toshio, Yuka Hayakawa, Piyaporn Chueamchaitrakun, Atsushi Takahashi, Kenta Nakajima, and Takashi Fujihara. "The Aroma Profiles of Thai Green Teas Derived from Two Varieties, Chinese and Assam." Natural Product Communications 12, no. 8 (August 2017): 1934578X1701200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1701200841.

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Camellia sinensis cultivated for tea has two varieties: Camellia sinensis var. sinensis (Chinese variety) and Camellia sinensis var. assamica (Assam variety). Japanese green teas are mainly produced from the Chinese variety, whereas Thai green teas are made from both varieties. The odors of Thai green teas made from each variety differ from each other and are also distinct from that of Japanese green tea. Here, we investigated the characteristics of the aroma of Thai green teas (Chinese and Assam varieties) and Japanese green tea (Chinese variety) following fractional distillation of their hexane extracts. Each fraction was analyzed by gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). We found that the rich aroma characteristics of Thai green tea depend on whether the Chinese or the Assam variety is used.

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BACKES, Luana Taís Hartmann, Telma Elita BERTOLIN, Silvana Souza ROMAN, Janaine de Oliveira PAIVA, Vanusa MANFREDINI, Luciane Noal CALIL, Daliane Paula FATURI, and Adelina MEZZARI. "ASCORBIC ACID AND THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT IN SWISS MICE TREATED WITH GREEN TEA INFUSIONS." Periódico Tchê Química 12, no. 24 (August 20, 2015): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v12.n24.2015.17_p_24_pgs_17_27.pdf.

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The use of medicinal plants is expressive because it’s beneficial effects, however the dosages some times are not adjusted. The study had for objective to investigate the toxicity of the green tea and the protective effect of vitamin C. Had been used 36 mice swiss, distributed in 6 groups (n=6): Control group with 1 ml/kg of saline solution 0.9%; Experimental group 1 with extract of Camellia sinensis in 0,5% concentration; Experimental group 2 with extract of Camellia sinensis in 10% concentration; Experimental group 3 with extract of Camellia sinensis in 0,5% concentration associate with vitamin C in 40mg/mL concentration; Experimental group 4 with extract of Camellia sinensis in 10% concentration associate with vitamin C in 40mg/mL concentration and Experimental group 5 with vitamin C solution in 40mg/mL concentration. The results had been significant for corporal weight and agencies (liver, kidneys, dull and brain) in the group of bigger concentration of green tea and in the groups where vitamin C was associated, allowing itself to suggest a light toxicity in the groups that had received these treatments.

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Shahriar, S. A., A. O. Nur-Shakirah, and M. H. Mohd. "Correction to: Neopestalotiopsis clavispora and Pseudopestalotiopsis camelliae-sinensis causing grey blight disease of tea (Camellia sinensis) in Malaysia." European Journal of Plant Pathology 162, no. 3 (December 15, 2021): 757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10658-021-02437-y.

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Ahmad, Aktsar Roskiana, Bahria Bahria, and Harti Widiastuti. "The Effect of Extraction Method on Catechin Levels in Green Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) Extract by TLC-Densitometric." Jurnal Fitofarmaka Indonesia 9, no. 3 (December 29, 2022): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33096/jffi.v9i3.915.

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Green tea (Camellia sinensis L.) is one of the most widely used plants in Indonesia. Green tea (Camellia sinensis L.) is rich in catechins which have many benefits including antioxidants, anticancer, can reduce stress, and reduce cholesterol levels in the blood. This study aims to determine the levels of catechins in Green Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) extract with various extraction methods. Each sample was extracted by maceration, microwave and infusion using aquadest solvent and the extract obtained in Freeze Drying. Qualitative analysis using 1% FeCl3 reagent, positive catechins are indicated by a color change to blackish blue and quantitative analysis using TLC-Densitometry. The results showed the catechin content of the extract by maceration method was 331 mg/g

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D, Pradhan, Behera B, Samantaray A, Tripathy G та Pradhan S. "Multifunctional Green Synthetic Hematite (α-Fe2O3) Nanoparticles Mediated by Camellia Sinensis (Indian Tea Plant) Extracts towards Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities against MCF-7 Cell Lines". Journal of Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics 6, № 1 (4 вересня 2020): 355–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18314/jpt.v6i1.2028.

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Among nanoparticles used for medical applications, Camellia Sinensis Nanoparticles (CSNPs) are among the least investigated. This study was undertaken to develop CSNPs by green synthesis using Camellia sinensis tea (Theaceae) plant extract to produce the NPs. The Camellia sinensis, Indian tea plant used from ancient time to increase appetite. Other medicinal uses have also been employed for the synthesis of super paramagnetic α Fe2O3 nanoparticles (NPs). The plant extracts revealed the phenolic groups bifunctional nature and capping nature through the –OH bonding over the nanoparticles (NPs) surface. The prepared nanoparticles (NPs) shows α-Fe2O3 phase among iron oxides and spherical morphology with an average size around 5 nm. The magnetic measurements proved the superparamagnetic behaviour of NPs with non-saturating MS value of 8.5 emu/g at room temperature (300 K). The CSNPs were characterized by UV-V is spectroscopy and X-ray Diffractometry, and evaluated with Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The CSNPs were spherical (size 7-20 nm) and contained phenols and flavonoids acquired from the Camellia sinensis extract. CSNPs has good 1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), OH, and NO scavenging properties. MTT assay showed that CSNPs (IC50 = 0.006 μM) were more antiproliferative toward the human MCF-7 cells than the Camellia sinensis tea extract (IC50 = 0.894 μM), Gemcitabin (IC50 = 2.133 μM). The anticancer cell effects of CSNPs on MCF 7 are mediated through the induction of apoptosis and G2/M cell-cycle arrest.

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Chen, Y. J., L. Zeng, N. Shu, H. Wang, and H. R. Tong. "First Report of Pestalotiopsis camelliae causing Grey Blight Disease on Camellia sinensis in China." Plant Disease 101, no. 6 (June 2017): 1034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-01-17-0033-pdn.

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Teixeira, Ana Margarida, and Clara Sousa. "A Review on the Biological Activity of Camellia Species." Molecules 26, no. 8 (April 9, 2021): 2178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26082178.

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Medicinal plants have been used since antiquity to cure illnesses and injuries. In the last few decades, natural compounds extracted from plants have garnered the attention of scientists and the Camellia species are no exception. Several species and cultivars are widespread in Asia, namely in China, Japan, Vietnam and India, being also identified in western countries like Portugal. Tea and oil are the most valuable and appreciated Camellia subproducts extracted from Camellia sinensis and Camellia oleifera, respectively. The economic impact of these species has boosted the search for additional information about the Camellia genus. Many studies can be found in the literature reporting the health benefits of several Camellia species, namely C. sinensis, C. oleifera and Camellia japonica. These species have been highlighted as possessing antimicrobial (antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral) and antitumoral activity and as being a huge source of polyphenols such as the catechins. Particularly, epicatechin (EC), epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), and specially epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major polyphenols of green tea. This paper presents a detailed review of Camellia species’ antioxidant properties and biological activity.

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bharathi, J. Divya, Dr D. Chandra Prabha, and Dr R. Ragunathan. "Phytochemical screening, invitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of polyphenolic fraction extracted from Camellia sinensis bud extract." Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 23, no. 05 (May 13, 2021): 199–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.51201/jusst/21/05134.

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Tea is one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world today, second only to water, well ahead of coffee, beer, wine and carbonated soft drinks. The tea plant, Camellia sinensis, is a member of the Theaceae family and black, oolong, white and green tea are produced from its leaf and buds. Tea beverage is an infusion of the dried leaves of Camellia sinensis. The present study aims to screen the phytochemicals screening, in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of polyphenolic compound extracted from Camellia sinensis bud extract. The qualitative phytochemical results revealed the presence of important phytochemicals like alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, and tannins. The C. sinensis buds could be a rich source of antioxidants. The extract showed significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Total phenolic content of the bud’s extract was found to be 123 mg/GAE. The extract possesses a significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.

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Asmah, Nur, Indrya Kirana Mattulada, and Arnetta Zahra Atifah Dodo. "Antibacterial Assay of Green Tea (Camellia Sinensis L) Against the Growth of Enterococcus faecalis." Journal of Syiah Kuala Dentistry Society 8, no. 2 (December 31, 2023): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/jds.v8i2.36627.

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Background: Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is often reported as an infectious agent in tooth root canals. Green tea leaves (Camellia sinesis L) contain active substances, namely catechins, which can act as an antibacterial. Research. Objective: To determine the antibacterial effectiveness of green tea extract (Camellia sinensis l) against the growth of Enterococcus faecalis bacteria. Methods: Researchers carry out tests in the laboratory, which are called laboratory experimental tests. The form of this research is Post-test Only Control Design. Researchers took samples using a purposive sampling technique with four treatments and six repetitions. The statistical test used is the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Based on the results of Kruskal Wallis, the p-value shows a value of 0.011 or a p-value of less than 0.05, which indicates that there is a significant difference between the Camellia sinensis L 25%, 50%, 75% treatment, and the positive control. Conclusion: Green tea extract (Camellia sinensis l) with concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 75% can inhibit E. faecalis' growth.

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Tran, Lan T. Q. "Separation of active constituents in some medicinal plants by thin layer chromatography." Journal of Agriculture and Development 17, no. 05 (October 16, 2018): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.52997/jad.8.05.2018.

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Separation and identification of the active pharmacological compounds from some medicinal plants (Citrus aurantifolia, Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, Camellia sinensis) by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) showed the yields of crude extracts obtained from Citrus aurantifolia, Rhodomyrtus tomentosa and Camellia sinensis leaves at 1.5%, 5.62% and 10.4% respectively. Toluene: ethyl acetate (93:7) (v:v) solvent was suitable for the separation of active compounds in crude extract of Citrus aurantifolia, Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaves while chloroform: ethylacetate: formic acid (5:4:1) (v:v:v) solvent was suitable for the extraction of active compounds in crude extract from Camellia sinensis leaves. Furthermore, the results showed that the number of compounds in extract from Citrus aurantifolia were likely affected by the vacuum evaporator effects. The TLC fingerprints of all three medicinal plants had the same visual ability when the fingerprint detected by UV (λ = 254 nm) and the reagent containing 0.1 g vanillin in 28 mL of methanol: 1 mL of sulfuric acid. In brief, the three active compounds including citral (Citrus aurantifolia), rhdomyrtone (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) and catechin hydrate (Camellia sinensis) contained in the extract of 3 medicinal herbs had the limited detection (LOD) at 195 ng/spot, 321.5 ng/spot and 625 ng/spot, respectively.

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Jimenez-Saenz, Manuel, and Maria del Carmen Martinez-Sanchez. "Camellia Sinensis liver toxicity." Journal of Hepatology 47, no. 2 (August 2007): 297–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2007.05.005.

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Cuc, Nguyen Thi, Nguyen Xuan Nhiem, Bui Huu Tai, Pham Hai Yen, and Phan Van Kiem. "Flavonoids from Camellia sinensis." Vietnam Journal of Chemistry 58, no. 1 (February 2020): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vjch.201900032.

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Syed, Ashikujaman. "Benefits of camellia sinensis." International Journal of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry 1, no. 2 (July 1, 2019): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33545/26646501.2019.v1.i2a.11.

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Mello, Lucilene Dornelles, and Tiele Garcia Tunes. "INFLUENCE OF PERMANGANATE INDEX IN THE PARAMETERS AS TOTAL PHENOL CONTENT AND TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS OF CAMELLIA SINENSIS." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 9, no. 8 (August 1, 2017): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i8.19270.

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Objective: This study estimated the Permangante Index (IKMnO4) and evaluated its correlation with parameters as total phenols (FT) and total antioxidant activity (TAA) of commercial teas of Camellia sinensis, fermented, unfermented and blended with other plants.Methods: The aqueous extracts were prepared from commercial samples of green and black teas, green tea blended with lemon (Camellia sinensis with Citrus limonium), green tea blended with mint (Camellia sinensis with Mentha piperita), green tea blended with peach (Camellia sinensis with Prunus persica) and green tea blended with orange (Camellia sinensis with Citrus sinensis). The Permangante index was determined by titrating the tea extract with potassium permanganate solution according to AOAC method (AOAC, 1980) with modifications. The concentration of phenols in the extracts was determined by spectrophotometry according to the standard procedure of Folin-Ciocalteau. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated using the radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. All the determinations were performed in triplicate, and the results presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). The data were evaluated by univariate statistical analysis (ANOVA), F-test and mean test (Tukey´s test) for comparative results. Pearson’s correlation was used to measure the degree of linear correlation and the quantitative variables were from a normal population.Results: The results for Permanganate Index show a variation ranged from 0.40 to 0.80 mEq/l. The ANOVA analysis to IKMnO4 shown there is significant statistically difference at the 5% probability level (p < 0.05) between the types of tea as well as the amount of herb used to prepare the infusion. Therefore, it was observed that there significant contrast between tea extracts, the mixture of different plants in blended extracts as well as the tea manufacture process affect the polyphenols tannins content influencing the permanganate index parameter. Studies correlation shown strong correlations (r > 0.7) among the parameters. For the Camellia sinensis extracts the high correlations between IKMnO4 and TAA; FT and TAA demonstrates the suitability of the permanganate index in the evaluation of antioxidant activity.Conclusion: The results suggest that the Permanganate Index could be used for quality control of tea as an additional parameter.

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Angel-Isaza, Jaime, Juan Carlos Carmona-Hernandez, Clara Helena González-Correa, and William Vicente Narváez-Solarte. "Potential Hypoglycemic and Antilipidemic Activity of Polyphenols from Passiflora ligularis (Granadilla)." Molecules 28, no. 8 (April 18, 2023): 3551. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28083551.

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The consumption of fruits or by-products from plants of the Passifloraceae family has been associated with multiple health and nutritional benefits, due to their phenolic compound content. Likewise, the effects of polyphenols from Camellia sinensis (green tea) have been explored and are considered a reference for different biological actions of these bioactive substances. This study compared the hypoglycemic and antilipemic activity of polyphenol-rich extracts of Passiflora ligularis Juss (passion fruit) and Camellia sinensis (green tea) given to a group of Wistar rats induced to be overweight. The individuals were subjected to three doses of supplementation of both sources of polyphenols in the drinking water. An additional group without polyphenol supplementation served as a control group. Water consumption, weight gain, glycemia, cholesterol, serum triglycerides and percentage of fecal ethereal extracts were analyzed. Although Passiflora ligularis Juss had five times less polyphenol content than Camellia sinensis, rats fed doses of 2.5 and 3.0 g/L Passiflora ligularis Juss showed reduced glycemia by 16%, suggesting an antiglycemic activity similar to that of Camellia sinensis. On the other hand, higher doses of polyphenols from Passiflora ligularis Juss and Camellia sinensis significantly reduced triglyceride levels (p = 0.05) by more than 17% compared to the unsupplemented control group. The polyphenol-rich extracts produced effective inhibitory activity of lipemic metabolites with a reduction in the percentage of fecal lipids (p < 0.05), with no side effects on liver tissue. The 3.0 g/L dose produced the best result on signs of metabolic syndrome associated with excess weight. Polyphenols extracted from fresh Colombian passion fruit showed the potential to decrease metabolic syndrome risk factors in a murine model.

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47

Mulyani, Nunung Sri, Wiqayatun Arnisam, and Putri Ermi. "PENGARUH PEMBERIAN TEH HIJAU (Camellia sinensis) TERHADAP TEKANAN DARAH PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI." AVERROUS: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Malikussaleh 5, no. 2 (December 3, 2019): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/averrous.v5i2.2086.

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Prevalensi hipertensi pada orang dewasa diseluruh dunia sebesar 26,4% dan di Indonesia sebesar 9,5%. Di Provinsi Aceh sebesar 30,1% dan di Aceh Selatan sendiri sebanyak 3255 orang menderita hipertensi. Teh hijau mengandung kombinasi zat yang tidak dimiliki minuman lain diantaranya kafein, L-Theanine dan epigalokatekin galat. Ketiga zat ini saling bersinergi sehingga mampu melindungi jantung dengan membantu menurunkan tekanan darah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh pemberian teh hijau (Camellia sinensis) terhadap tekanan pada penderita hipertensi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kabupaten Aceh Selatan. Penelitian ini bersifat Quasy Experiment dengan desain pre-post kontrol grup. Sampel berjumlah 42 orang, terbagi 21 kelompok perlakuan dan 21 kelompok tanpa perlakuan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari tahun 2017. Rata-rata penurunan tekanan darah sistolik terhadap pemberian teh hijau (Camellia sinensis) pada penderita hipertensi adalah sebesar 25,33 mmHg, sedangkan rata-rata penurunan tekanan darah diastolik terhadap pemberian teh hijau (Camellia sinensis) pada penderita hipertensi adalah sebesar 9,47 mmHg. Ada pengaruh pemberian teh hijau (Camellia sinensis) terhadap tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Labuhanhaji Kabupaten Aceh Selatan (p ≤0,05). Diharapkan teh hijau dapat dimanfaatkan atau digunakan oleh penderita hipertensi sebagai alternatif terapi herbal agar tekanan darah tetap normal dan stabil.

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48

Vieira, Hellen Gonçalves, Henrique Jordem Venial, Francisco Luan Fonsêca Silva, Gisele Simone Lopes, Wladiana Oliveira Matos, Cibele Maria Stivanin Almeida, and Murilo Oliveira Souza. "Determinação de As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb e Zn em chás pretos (Camellia sinensis L.) comercializados em supermercados de Campos dos Goytacazes/RJ." Revista Vértices 25, no. 2 (August 11, 2023): e25219110. http://dx.doi.org/10.19180/1809-2667.v25n22023.19110.

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A Camellia sinensis L. é um arbusto da família das Theaceae. A partir das suas folhas é produzido um chá que é a segunda bebida não alcoólica mais consumida no mundo. O chá dessa planta pode trazer vários benefícios à saúde, entretanto alguns elementos presentes nas folhas da Camellia sinensis L. são potencialmente tóxicos como, por exemplo, o As, Cd e Pb; uma vez que estão entre as dez substâncias químicas de maiores riscos à saúde. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar as concentrações de As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb e Zn por espectrometria de emissão óptica com plasma acoplado indutivamente (ICP OES) após decomposição ácida de amostras comerciais de chá preto da planta Camellia sinensis L. adquiridas em supermercados de Campos dos Goytacazes/RJ. Os limites de detecção para os elementos foram de 0,5 mg kg−1 para As; 0,003 mg kg−1 para Cd; 0,02 mg kg−1 para Cr; 1,2 mg kg−1 para Cu; 0,09 mg kg−1 para Pb e 0,04 mg kg−1 para Zn. As concentrações encontradas dos elementos potencialmente tóxicos Cd e Pb nos chás pretos da Camellia sinensis L. estão abaixo das concentrações estabelecidas pela ANVISA (0,60 mg kg-1 e 0,40 mg kg-1, respectivamente).

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Hu, Yunqing, Mengting Zhang, Mengqian Lu, Yi Wu, Tingting Jing, Mingyue Zhao, Yifan Zhao, et al. "Salicylic acid carboxyl glucosyltransferase UGT87E7 regulates disease resistance in Camellia sinensis." Plant Physiology 188, no. 3 (December 6, 2021): 1507–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiab569.

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Abstract Plant immune response following pathogenic infection is regulated by plant hormones, and salicylic acid (SA) and its sugar conjugates play important roles in establishing basal resistance. Here, the important pathogen Pseudopestalotiopsis camelliae-sinensis (Pcs) was isolated from tea gray blight, one of the most destructive diseases in tea plantations. Transcriptomic analysis led to the discovery of the putative Camellia sinensis UDP-glucosyltransferase CsUGT87E7 whose expression was significantly induced by SA application and Pcs infection. Recombinant CsUGT87E7 glucosylates SA with a Km value of 12 µM to form SA glucose ester (SGE). Downregulation reduced the accumulation of SGE, and CsUGT87E7-silenced tea plants exhibited greater susceptibility to pathogen infection than control plants. Similarly, CsUGT87E7-silenced tea leaves accumulated significantly less SA after infection and showed reduced expression of pathogenesis-related genes. These results suggest that CsUGT87E7 is an SA carboxyl glucosyltransferase that plays a positive role in plant disease resistance by modulating SA homeostasis through a mechanism distinct from that described in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). This study provides insight into the mechanisms of SA metabolism and highlights the role of SGE in the modulation of plant disease resistance.

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50

Вафин, Р. Р., И. Ю. Михайлова, И. И. Агейкина, and Л. Н. Харламова. "Predictive model for tea varietal identification by PCR-RFLP analysis of Camellia sinensis SNP markers." Food processing industry, no. 1 (January 7, 2024): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.52653/ppi.2024.1.1.014.

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Растение вида Camellia sinensis является основным сырьём для производства чайной продукции. Оценка подлинности чайного сырья и готовой продукции может быть осуществлена сортовой идентификацией чая молекулярно-генетическими методами исследования, имеющими широкий арсенал диагностических подходов, в том числе к детекции однонуклеотидных замен (SNP – Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) анализом полиморфизма длин рестрикционных фрагментов ДНК, предварительно амплифицированных полимеразной цепной реакцией (ПЦР-ПДРФ). Цель настоящего исследования заключалась в выявлении и картировании полиморфных сайтов рестрикции у 8 SNP-маркёров Camellia sinensis с последующим ПЦР-ПДРФ-профилированием встречаемых генотипов и постаналитической оценкой китайских сортов чая на предмет их генотипической принадлежности и идентифицируемости. 117 эксклюзивных сортов чая, идентифицируемых с помощью 8 SNP-маркёров (1_SNP_2, 1_SNP_1, 3_SNP_14, 3_SNP_15, 1_SNP_13, 2_SNP_14, 1_SNP_5 и 2_SNP_4), послужили модельными объектами теоретико-аналитического исследования биоинформационной направленности, в ходе которого были подобраны диагностически значимые эндонуклеазы рестрикции, способные детектировать SNP и идентифицировать генотипы анализируемых маркёров. Таким образом установлена возможность детектирования полиморфных позиций 8 SNP-маркёров Camellia sinensis методом ПЦР-ПДРФ-анализа, обоснованная картированием выявленных полиморфных сайтов рестрикции и последующим профилированием встречаемых генотипов. Установленная возможность открывает перспективу для моделирования способа сортовой идентификации чая по анализируемым SNP-маркёрам с последовательными этапами пробоподготовки исследуемых образцов чая, экстракции нуклеиновых кислот Camellia sinensis и постановок ПЦР-ПДРФ с гель-электрофорезной детекцией. Постаналитическая оценка китайских сортов чая на предмет их генотипической принадлежности и идентифицируемости по SNP-маркёрам с полиморфными сайтами коммерчески доступных эндонуклеаз рестрикции позволила установить как идентифицируемые сорта чая с охарактеризованными уникальными комбинациями генотипов, так и неидентифицируемые сорта чая, распределённые по SNP-ассоциированным группам. SNP-маркёры, полиморфные позиции которых затрагивают сайты рестрикции коммерчески недоступных эндонуклеаз, могут быть проанализированы одной из модификаций ПЦР-ПДРФ – dCAPS (Derived Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequences). The Camellia sinensis plant is the main raw material for the production of tea products. Assessing the authenticity of tea raw materials and finished products can be carried out by varietal identification of tea using molecular genetic research methods that have a wide arsenal of diagnostic approaches, including the detection of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) by analyzing the restriction fragment length polymorphism of DNA, previously amplified polymerase chain reaction (PCR-RFLP). The purpose of this study was to identify and map polymorphic restriction sites in 8 SNP markers of Camellia sinensis, followed by PCR-RFLP profiling of the encountered genotypes and post-analytical assessment of Chinese tea varieties for their genotypic affiliation and identifiability. 117 exclusive varieties of tea, identified using 8 SNP markers (1_SNP_2, 1_SNP_1, 3_SNP_14, 3_SNP_15, 1_SNP_13, 2_SNP_14, 1_SNP_5 and 2_SNP_4), served as model objects for a theoretical and analytical study of bioinformatics, during which diagnostics were selected and significant restriction endonucleases, capable of detecting SNPs and identifying genotypes of analyzed markers. Thus, the possibility of detecting polymorphic positions of 8 SNP markers of Camellia sinensis by PCR-RFLP analysis has been established, justified by mapping the identified polymorphic restriction sites and subsequent profiling of the encountered genotypes. The established possibility opens up prospects for modeling the method of varietal identification of tea using analyzed SNP markers with successive stages of sample preparation of the tea samples under study, extraction of Camellia sinensis nucleic acids and PCR-RFLP with gel electrophoresis detection. Post-analytical assessment of Chinese tea varieties for their genotypic affiliation and identifiability by SNP markers with polymorphic sites of commercially available restriction endonucleases made it possible to identify both identifiable tea varieties with characterized unique genotype combinations and unidentifiable tea varieties distributed according to SNP-associated groups. SNP markers, the polymorphic positions of which affect restriction sites of commercially unavailable endonucleases, can be analyzed by one of the PCR-RFLP modifications – dCAPS (derived Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequences). Camellia sinensis, tea, SNP markers, PCR, RFLP, identification

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