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1
Bradley, Christopher. "Conics twinned with two special circles." Mathematical Gazette 96, no. 536 (July 2012): 236–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025557200004472.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Throughout the article we use areal (or barycentric) coordinates. The side lengths ofBC, CA, ABare denoted as usual bya, b, cand for brevity and ease of reading we writea2= p, b2= q, c2= r. The symmedian pointKthen has coordinates (a2, b2, c2) replaced by (p, q, r), it being the isogonal conjugate of the centroid, and the circumcentreOthen has coordinates (a2(b2+ c2− a2), b2(c2+ a2− b2), c2(a2+ b2− c2)) replaced by (p(q + r − p), q(r + p − q), r(p + q − r)). The construction of the triplicate ratio circle (also known as the Lemoine circle) and the Brocard circle is replicated but starting with the circumcentreOrather than the symmedian pointK. It is found that the triplicate ratio circle is then replaced by a conic cutting internally each side of ABC twice and having centreXthe midpoint ofOK. The Brocard circle is replaced by a conic passing throughOandKand also having centreXthe midpoint ofOK. These we define as the twin conics.
2
Espinosa-Fuentes, Eduardo, Fredy Colpas-Castillo, Edgardo Meza-Fuentes, and Jorge Ropero. "An Easy Method to Prepare D3and C2-TATP Crystals." Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 41, no. 4 (April 18, 2016): 713–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.201500245.
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3
Perez-Cruet, Mick J., Dino Samartzis, and Richard G. Fessler. "Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Corpectomy." Operative Neurosurgery 58, suppl_4 (April 1, 2006): ONS—355—ONS—359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000205285.20336.c2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Objective: The objective of this review article is to describe the authors' operative technique for performing anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion. Methods: The authors reviewed their operative technique and experience to clearly detail the general methods utilized to safely and effectively perform anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion. Specific nuances peculiar to the authors' technique were identified and highlighted. Results: The operative technique for anterior cervical corpectomy, including nuances for enhancing ease or outcome of surgery, is described in detail. Drawings and photographs are included where appropriate to highlight specific aspects of the procedural technique. Conclusion: Anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion is a well known technique that proceeds in a consistent and logical sequence of maneuvers. Specific technical nuances at various points enhance the ease and safety of the technique, as well as the completeness of the eventual result.
4
Andrés, José M., Mar'ia A. Martínez, Rafael Pedrosa, and Alfonso Pérez-Encabo. "Easy preparation of enantiopure C2-symmetrical aminoalcohols derived from m-xylylene diamine." Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 5, no. 1 (January 1994): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0957-4166(00)80484-x.
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5
Bendazzoli, Paolo, Fulvio Di Furia, Giulia Licini, and Giorgio Modena. "Enantioselective oxidation of thioethers1: An easy route to enantiopure C2 symmetrical bis-methylsulfinylbenzenes." Tetrahedron Letters 34, no. 18 (April 1993): 2975–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(00)60497-5.
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6
Joly, Jean-Pierre, and Gerhard Schröder. "Easy synthesis of a new C2-symmetric diaza-crown ether from L-threonine." Tetrahedron Letters 38, no. 47 (November 1997): 8197–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(97)10254-4.
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7
Schnitchen, Csaba, Enikő Magyari, Béla Tóthmérész, István Grigorszky, and Mihály Braun. "Micropaleontological observations on a Sphagnum bog in East Carpathian region – testate amoebae (Rhizopoda: Testacea) and their potential use for reconstruction of micro- and macroclimatic changes." Hydrobiologia 506-509, no. 1-3 (2003): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:hydr.0000008553.82554.c2.
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8
Soeka, Y. S., and Sulistiani. "Bacillus subtilis C2 producing lipase isolated from bulk shrimp paste in Samarinda East Kalimantan." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 572 (October 8, 2020): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/572/1/012007.
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9
Yip, King Yau, Siu Tung Lam, Kai Ham Yu, Wing Shing Chow, Jiayu Zeng, Kwing To Lai, and Swee K. Goh. "Drastic enhancement of the superconducting temperature in type-II Weyl semimetal candidate MoTe2 via biaxial strain." APL Materials 11, no. 2 (February 1, 2023): 021111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0141112.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A type-II Weyl semimetal candidate MoTe2, which superconducts at T c ∼0.1 K, is one of the promising candidates for realizing topological superconductivity. However, the exceedingly low T c is associated with a small upper critical field ( H c2), implying a fragile superconducting phase that only exists on a small region of the H– T phase diagram. Here, we describe a simple and versatile approach based on the differential thermal expansion between dissimilar materials to subject a thin single crystalline MoTe2 to biaxial strain. With this approach, we successfully enhance the T c of MoTe2 by fivefold and consequently expand the superconducting region on the H– T phase diagram significantly. To demonstrate the relative ease of studying the superconductivity in the biaxially strained MoTe2, we further present the magnetotransport data, enabling the study of the temperature-dependent H c2 and the anisotropy of the superconducting state, which would otherwise be difficult to obtain in a free-standing MoTe2. Our work shows that biaxial strain is an effective knob to tune the electronic properties of MoTe2. Due to the simplicity of our methodology to apply biaxial strain, we anticipate its direct applicability to a wider class of quantum materials.
10
ANDRES, J. M., M. A. MARTINEZ, R. PEDROSA, and A. PEREZ-ENCABO. "ChemInform Abstract: Easy Preparation of Enantiopure C2-Symmetrical Amino Alcohols Derived from m-Xylylene Diamine." ChemInform 25, no. 22 (August 19, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199422108.
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11
JOLY, J. P., and G. SCHROEDER. "ChemInform Abstract: Easy Synthesis of a New C2-Symmetric Diaza-crown Ether from L-Threonine." ChemInform 29, no. 8 (June 23, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199808144.
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12
Mkoma, S. L., та K. Kawamura. "Size distributions of dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, α-dicarbonyls and fatty acids in atmospheric aerosols from Tanzania, East Africa during wet and dry seasons". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 12, № 9 (27 вересня 2012): 25657–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-25657-2012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. Atmospheric aerosol samples of PM2.5 and PM10 were collected during the wet and dry seasons in 2011 from a rural site in Tanzania and analysed for water-soluble dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, α-dicarbonyls and fatty acids using a gas chromatography (GC) and GC/mass spectrometry. Here we report the size distribution and sources of diacids and related compounds for wet and dry seasons. Oxalic acid (C2) was found as the most abundant diacid species followed by succinic and/or malonic acids whereas glyoxylic acid and glyoxal were the dominant ketoacids and α-dicarbonyls, respectively in both seasons in PM2.5 and PM10. Mean concentration of C2 in PM2.5 (121.5± 46.6 ng m−3) was lower in wet season than dry season (258.1± 69.5 ng m−3). Similarly, PM10 samples showed lower concentration of C2 (168.6 ± 42.4 ng m−3) in wet season than dry season (292.4± 164.8 ng m−3). Relative abundances of C2 in total diacids were 65.4% and 67.1% in PM2.5 and 64.6% and 63.9% in PM10 in the wet and dry seasons, respectively. Total concentrations of diacids (289–362 m−3), ketoacids (37.8–53.7ng m−3), and α-dicarbonyls (5.7–7.8 ng m−3) in Tanzania are higher to those reported at a rural background site in Nylsvley (South Africa) but comparable or lower to those reported from sites in Asia and Europe. Diacids and ketoacids were found to be present mainly in the fine fraction in both seasons (total α-dicarbonyls in the dry season), suggesting a production of organic aerosols from pyrogenic sources and photochemical oxidations. The averaged contributions of total diacid carbon to aerosol total carbon were 1.4% in PM2.5 and 2.1% in PM10 in wet season and 3.3% in PM2.5 and 3.9% in PM10 in dry season whereas those to water-soluble organic carbon were 2.2% and 4.7% inPM2.5 and 3.1% and 5.8% in PM10 during the wet and dry seasons, respectively. These ratios suggest an enhanced photochemical oxidation of organic precursors and heterogeneous reactions on aerosols under strong solar radiation and high humidity. Correlations among organic components and relations between source tracers with diacids and related compounds in both seasons showed influence of mixed sources from natural biogenic emissions, biomass burning, biofuel combustion, and enhanced photochemical production.
13
Mkoma, S. L., та K. Kawamura. "Molecular composition of dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, α-dicarbonyls and fatty acids in atmospheric aerosols from Tanzania, East Africa during wet and dry seasons". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 13, № 4 (26 лютого 2013): 2235–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-2235-2013.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. Atmospheric aerosol samples of PM2.5 and PM10 were collected during the wet and dry seasons in 2011 from a rural site in Tanzania and analysed for water-soluble dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, α-dicarbonyls, and fatty acids using a gas chromatography/flame ionization detector (GC/FID) and GC/mass spectrometry. Here we report the molecular composition and sources of diacids and related compounds for wet and dry seasons. Oxalic acid (C2) was found as the most abundant diacid species followed by succinic and/or malonic acids whereas glyoxylic acid and glyoxal were the dominant ketoacid and α-dicarbonyl, respectively in both seasons in PM2.5 and PM10. Mean concentration of C2 in PM2.5 (121 ± 47 ng m−3) was lower in wet season than dry season (258 ± 69 ng m−3). Similarly, PM10 samples showed lower concentration of C2 (169 ± 42 ng m−3) in wet season than dry season (292 ± 165 ng m−3). Relative abundances of C2 in total diacids were 65% and 67% in PM2.5 and 65% and 64% in PM10 in the wet and dry seasons, respectively. Total concentrations of diacids (289–362 ng m−3), ketoacids (37.8–53.7 ng m−3), and α-dicarbonyls (5.7–7.8 ng m−3) in Tanzania are higher than those reported at a rural background site in Nylsvley (South Africa) but comparable or lower than those reported from sites in Asia and Europe. Diacids and ketoacids were found to be present mainly in PM2.5 in both seasons (total α-dicarbonyls in the dry season), suggesting a production of organic acids from pyrogenic sources and photochemical oxidations. Averaged contributions of total diacids to aerosol total carbon were 1.4% in PM2.5 and 2.1% in PM10 during wet season and 3.3% in PM2.5 and 3.9% in PM10 during dry season whereas those to water-soluble organic carbon were 2.2% and 4.7% in PM2.5 during wet season and 3.1% and 5.8% in PM10 during dry season. The higher ratios in dry season suggest an enhanced photochemical oxidation of organic precursors probably via heterogeneous reactions on aerosols under strong solar radiation. Strong positive correlations were found among diacids and related compounds as well as good relations to source tracers in both seasons, suggesting a mixed source from natural biogenic emissions, biomass burning, biofuel combustion, and photochemical production.
14
Kundu, S., K. Kawamura, M. Kobayashi, E. Tachibana, M. Lee, P. Q. Fu, and J. Jung. "A sub-decadal trend of diacids in atmospheric aerosols in East Asia." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no. 16 (August 18, 2015): 22183–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-22183-2015.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. The change of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) has been predicted to be highly uncertain in the future atmosphere in Asia. To better quantify the SOA change, we study a sub-decadal (2001–2008) trend of major surrogate compounds (C2-C10 diacids) of SOA in atmospheric aerosols from Gosan site in Jeju Island, South Korea. Gosan site is influenced by the pollution-outflows from East Asia. The molecular distribution of diacids was characterized by the predominance of oxalic (C2) acid followed by malonic (C3) and succinic (C4) acids in each year. The seasonal variations of diacids in each year were characterized by the highest concentrations of saturated diacids in spring and unsaturated diacids in winter. The consistent molecular distribution and seasonal variations are indicative of similar pollution sources for diacids in East Asia over a sub-decadal scale. However, the intensity of the pollution sources has increased as evidenced by the increases of major diacids at the rate of 3.9–47.4 % year−1 particularly in April. The temporal variations of atmospheric tracer compounds (CO, levoglucosan, 2-methyltetrols, pinic acid, glyoxylic acid, glyoxal and methylglyoxal) suggest that the increases of diacids are due to an enhanced precursor emissions associated with more anthropogenic than biogenic activities followed by their chemical processing in the atmosphere. The trends of diacids are opposite to the reported decreases of sulfate, nitrate and ammonium in the recent years in East Asia. This study demonstrates that recent pollution control strategies in East Asia could not decrease organic acidic species in the atmosphere. If the current rates of increases continue, the organic acid- and water-soluble fractions of SOA could increase significantly in the future atmosphere in East Asia.
15
Gusman, Mulya, Fellya Septia Fauzi, and Andree Octova. "Analysis of explosive energy distribution at Pit 7 West PT. Makmur Mandiri Utama Binungan Suaran - Berau, East Kalimantan Province." Indonesian Mining Journal 25, no. 2 (December 2022): 59–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.30556/imj.vol25.no2.2022.1346.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Blasting geometry and blasting material filling are closely related to the rock mass characteristics and the geological conditions to obtain ideal fragmentation. Blastability Index analysis, including Description of Rock Mass, Combined Plane Spacing, Combined Plane Orientation, Specific Gravity Influencey, and Hardness, are the alternative geometry experiment conducted to overcome the problem of rock fragmentation so that the speed of excavation equipment can increase according to the productivity of Komatsu PC2000 plan at PT. BUMA Jobsite BINSUA. Furthermore, the actual rock values obtained from blasting location and alternative geometry recommendations using R.L.Ash theory combined with Vertical Energy Distribution theory. In the C2 layer with a rock factor value of 5.95, the recommended load is 7.2 m, space is 8.3 m, and the VED explosive power is 48%. In layer D2 the rock factor value is 6.89 with a load of 7.5 m, space of 8.3 m, and 55% VED explosive charge. While in the DU layer, the rock factor value is 6.39 with a load of 7.3 m, 8.4 m space, and 51% VED filling of explosives. Prediction of blasting fragmentation analysis using Kuz-ram theory obtained fragmentation > 100 cm, namely 14.99% for the C2 layer, 14.84% for the D2 layer, and 14.82% for the DU layer.
16
BENDAZZOLI, P., F. DI FURIA, G. LICINI, and G. MODENA. "ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Oxidation of Thioethers. Part 9. An Easy Route to Enantiopure C2 Symmetrical Bismethylsulfinylbenzenes." ChemInform 24, no. 32 (August 20, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199332138.
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17
Pereira, Donizete dos Reis, André Quintão de Almeida, Mauro Aparecido Martinez, and David Rafael Quintão Rosa. "Impacts of deforestation on water balance components of a watershed on the Brazilian East Coast." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 38, no. 4 (August 2014): 1350–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832014000400030.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Brazilian East coast was intensely affected by deforestation, which drastically cut back the original biome. The possible impacts of this process on water resources are still unknown. The purpose of this study was an evaluation of the impacts of deforestation on the main water balance components of the Galo creek watershed, in the State of Espírito Santo, on the East coast of Brazil. Considering the real conditions of the watershed, the SWAT model was calibrated with data from 1997 to 2000 and validated for the period between 2001 and 2003. The calibration and validation processes were evaluated by the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient and by the statistical parameters (determination coefficient, slope coefficient and F test) of the regression model adjusted for estimated and measured flow data. After calibration and validation of the model, new simulations were carried out for three different land use scenarios: a scenario in compliance with the law (C1), assuming the preservation of PPAs (permanent preservation areas); an optimistic scenario (C2), which considers the watershed to be almost entirely covered by native vegetation; and a pessimistic scenario (C3), in which the watershed would be almost entirely covered by pasture. The scenarios C1, C2 and C3 represent a soil cover of native forest of 76, 97 and 0 %, respectively. The results were compared with the simulation, considering the real scenario (C0) with 54 % forest cover. The Nash-Sutcliffe coefficients were 0.65 and 0.70 for calibration and validation, respectively, indicating satisfactory results in the flow simulation. A mean reduction of 10 % of the native forest cover would cause a mean annual increase of approximately 11.5 mm in total runoff at the watershed outlet. Reforestation would ensure minimum flows in the dry period and regulate the maximum flow of the main watercourse of the watershed.
18
Ogino, Eri, Ayu Nakamura, Satoru Kuwano, and Takayoshi Arai. "Chiral C2-Symmetric Aminomethylbinaphthol as Synergistic Catalyst for Asymmetric Epoxidation of Alkylidenemalononitriles: Easy Access to Chiral Spirooxindoles." Organic Letters 23, no. 6 (February 15, 2021): 1980–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.0c04245.
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19
Skarżewski, Jacek, Elżbieta Ostrycharz, and Renata Siedlecka. "Vanadium catalyzed enantioselective oxidation of sulfides: easy transformation of bis(arylthio)alkanes into C2 symmetric chiral sulfoxides." Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 10, no. 18 (September 1999): 3457–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0957-4166(99)00374-2.
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20
Moody, P. W., S. A. Yo, and R. L. Aitken. "Soil organic carbon, permanganate fractions, and the chemical properties of acidic soils." Soil Research 35, no. 6 (1997): 1301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/s97050.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Total organic carbon (TC) in 32 acidic surface (0–10 cm) soils was divided into 3 fractions (C1, C2, and C3) based on oxidisability by different strengths of KMnO4 (33 mM and 167 mM). With the methodology used, ease of oxidation decreased in the order C1>C2>C3. Several fundamental soil chemical properties were also determined, i.e. ECEC, CEC at pH 6·5 (CEC6·5), slope of the charge curve (ΔCEC), pH buffer capacity, (pHBC), P sorption capacity using a single addition index (PSI150), and content of organically complexed Al. All soils had pH (1:5 water) <6·5, and comprised a wide range of soil types and clay contents. Multiple step-up regression indicated that C fractions were significantly (P < 0·05) correlated with ECEC, ΔCEC, CEC6·5, and pHBC. These results reinforce the critical importance of soil organic matter to the fundamental soil chemical properties of predominantly variable charge soils. The intercorrelations between the various oxidisable C fractions made it difficult to elucidate if degree of oxidisability had any bearing on the reactivity of the organic matter. ECEC was primarily correlated with C1, whereas all C fractions had highly significant (P < 0·01) effects on ΔCEC and pHBC. The fraction which was most difficult to oxidise, C3, made a significant (P < 0·01) contribution to CEC6·5 when combined with clay and ECEC in a multiple regression equation. Generally, one or other of the C fractions was better correlated with the fundamental soil chemical properties than TC. This simple empirical fractionation of soil organic C may therefore be a useful tool for assessing the effects of soil management on these properties.
21
Peng, Yuting, Wenjing Yu, Xinxin Feng, Tianlv Xu, Herbert Früchtl, Tanja van Mourik, Steven R. Kirk, and Samantha Jenkins. "The Cis-Effect Explained Using Next-Generation QTAIM." Molecules 27, no. 18 (September 18, 2022): 6099. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27186099.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We used next-generation QTAIM (NG-QTAIM) to explain the cis-effect for two families of molecules: C2X2 (X = H, F, Cl) and N2X2 (X = H, F, Cl). We explained why the cis-effect is the exception rather than the rule. This was undertaken by tracking the motion of the bond critical point (BCP) of the stress tensor trajectories Tσ(s) used to sample the Uσ-space cis- and trans-characteristics. The Tσ(s) were constructed by subjecting the C1-C2 BCP and N1-N2 BCP to torsions ± θ and summing all possible Tσ(s) from the bonding environment. During this process, care was taken to fully account for multi-reference effects. We associated bond-bending and bond-twisting components of the Tσ(s) with cis- and trans-characteristics, respectively, based on the relative ease of motion of the electronic charge density ρ(rb). Qualitative agreement is found with existing experimental data and predictions are made where experimental data is not available.
22
Skarzewski, Jacek, Elzbieta Ostrycharz, and Renata Siedlecka. "ChemInform Abstract: Vanadium Catalyzed Enantioselective Oxidation of Sulfides: Easy Transformation of Bis(arylthio)alkanes into C2 Symmetric Chiral Sulfoxides." ChemInform 31, no. 5 (June 11, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200005032.
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23
Bursche, Aleksander, and Kirill Myzgin. "The Gothic invasions of the mid-3rd c. A.D. and the Battle of Abritus: coins and archaeology in east-central Barbaricum." Journal of Roman Archaeology 33 (2020): 195–229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047759420000987.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the Numismatic Chronicle for 2013, A. Bursche put forward the proposition that the imperial treasury was seized by the Goths when in A.D. 251 they crushed the Roman army at Abritus.1 Most of the plundered Roman gold was presumably in the form of coin (ingots are neither excluded nor confirmed). This gold has now been traced with some confidence to archaeological sites of the Wielbark and the Chernyakhiv cultures, in particular to grave assemblages dated to the second half of the 3rd c. (phase C1b-C2 of the Late Roman period).2 This had even broader consequences, since the capture of an enormous amount of gold by the barbarians could have been the immediate cause of the deterioration of the aureus under Decius‘ successors.3
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Cao, Qiang, Jiaren Ye, Yongchao Lu, Yang Tian, Jinshui Liu, Chenjie Xu, Hanwen Yu, and Lina Sun. "Evidence from the Changing Carbon Isotopic of Kerogen, Oil, and Gas during Hydrous Pyrolysis from Pinghu Formation, the Xihu Sag, East China Sea Basin." Energies 14, no. 24 (December 10, 2021): 8317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14248317.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Semi-open hydrous pyrolysis experiments on coal-measure source rocks in the Xihu Sag were conducted to investigate the carbon isotope evolution of kerogen, bitumen, generated expelled oil, and gases with increasing thermal maturity. Seven corresponding experiments were conducted at 335 °C, 360 °C, 400 °C, 455 °C, 480 °C, 525 °C, and 575 °C, while other experimental factors, such as the heating time and rate, lithostatic and hydrodynamic pressures, and columnar original samples were kept the same. The results show that the simulated temperatures were positive for the measured vitrinite reflectance (Ro), with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9861. With increasing temperatures, lower maturity, maturity, higher maturity, and post-maturity stages occurred at simulated temperatures (Ts) of 335–360 °C, 360–400 °C, 400–480 °C, and 480–575 °C, respectively. The increasing gas hydrocarbons with increasing temperature reflected the higher gas potential. Moreover, the carbon isotopes of kerogen, bitumen, expelled oil, and gases were associated with increased temperatures; among gases, methane was the most sensitive to maturity. Ignoring the intermediate reaction process, the thermal evolution process can be summarized as kerogen0(original) + bitumen0(original)→kerogenr (residual kerogen) + expelled oil (generated) + bitumenn+r (generated + residual) + C2+(generated + residual) + CH4(generated). Among these, bitumen, expelled oil, and C2-5 acted as reactants and products, whereas kerogen and methane were the reactants and products, respectively. Furthermore, the order of the carbon isotopes during the thermal evolution process was identified as: δ13C1 < 13C2-5 < δ13Cexpelled oil < δ13Cbitumen < δ13Ckerogen. Thus, the reaction and production mechanisms of carbon isotopes can be obtained based on their changing degree and yields in kerogen, bitumen, expelled oil, and gases. Furthermore, combining the analysis of the geochemical characteristics of the Pinghu Formation coal–oil-type gas in actual strata with these pyrolysis experiments, it was identified that this area also had substantial development potential. Therefore, this study provides theoretical support and guidance for the formation mechanism and exploration of oil and gas based on changing carbon isotopes.
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Da Costa, Cornelia Antonieta, Michael Sitorus, and Cyntia Larasati. "IMPLEMENTATION OF K-MEANS ALGORITHM FOR CLUSTERING OF COVID-19 VACCINATION IN EAST JAVA WITH ORANGE." Jurnal Riset Informatika 4, no. 3 (June 20, 2022): 299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.34288/jri.v4i3.401.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Entering the era of the Covid-19 pandemic, the government has intensively implemented a vaccination program to date. The Covid-19 vaccination program aims to boost the immune system, reduce the risk of transmission, and reduce the severe impact of the virus to achieve group immunity. In its implementation, the Covid-19 vaccination is regulated by the regional government in each province with a policy that requires the Covid-19 vaccination to be vaccinated twice for everyone who meets certain criteria. This study aims to cluster the implementation of vaccination in all areas of East Java province in 2021. The method used in conducting this clustering is the K-Means algorithm. From the results of the study, the results of the division or clustering of regions into three clusters were C1 for the area with the lowest vaccination, namely Pasuruan Regency, C2 for the area with moderate vaccination, namely Kediri City, and C3 for the highest vaccination area, namely Surabaya City. The clustering results obtained based on the K-Means algorithm can be used as input for the East Java Provincial government in evaluating the implementation of the Covid-19 vaccination.
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KALÚZ, STANISLAV, and SERGEY G. ERMILOV. "Two new species of Cunaxa (Acari, Prostigmata, Cunaxidae) from South-East Asia with a world key to the genus." Zootaxa 5239, no. 4 (February 13, 2023): 521–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5239.4.4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Two new mite species of the family Cunaxidae (Acari, Prostigmata)—Cunaxa asiatica sp. nov. and C. smileyi sp. nov.—are described from Vietnam, based on females. Cunaxa asiatica sp. nov. is similar to C. doxa (Chaudri, 1980) in having the medial hysterosomal shield smooth and bearing setae c1–e1, c2, but differs from the latter by the presence of 1 sts, finger-like palpofemoral apophysis and smooth setae c1–e1 on basifemora IV (vs. 2 sts, uncinate palpofemoral apophysis and spiculate c1–e1 in C. doxa). Cunaxa smiley sp. nov. is similar to C. oblongostriata Kalúz and Ermilov, 2022 in having 4-4-4-4 sts on telofemora I–IV and 2 solenidia on genu II, but differs from the latter by the presence of 3-3-3-0 sts on basifemora I–IV, 1 asl and 5 sts on genu IV, and well developed medial hysterosomal shield (vs. basifemora I–IV setal formula of 3-3-3-1 sts, genu IV bearing 7 sts, and the hysterosomal medial shield absent in C. oblongostriata).
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Lautan Wijaya Nusantara, Johan, Akhmad Aminullah, and Andreas Triwiyono. "Optimization of Reinforced Concrete Column Using Android- based Mobile Application." MATEC Web of Conferences 258 (2019): 02009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925802009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Reinforced concrete column has complicated calculations. Designer usually acts trial and error to get the optimum dimension and reinforcement according to the occurred loads. It takes long process and the result is not always be the most economical section. Nowadays smartphone with its various applications is very popular among societies. Besides being more flexible in place and time, smartphone has ease in operation and is commonly used by people. Hence, those advantages can be used to optimize reinforced concrete column quickly and accurately. The application named “C2 App” (Concrete Column Application) had been created by accommodate regulation in Indonesia (SNI 2847:2013). Biaxial calculation used Bresler’s approach, while calculation of slender column applied Moment Magnification Method. The application is able to show interaction diagram, section drawing, and result tables. Moreover, the application was equipped with local database, and detailed calculations in pdf format to support the real project. Validation was done with computer-based software named CSiCol and ASDIP Concrete, whereas the optimization result was compared with other designs which used ACI Diagrams and Particle Swarm Optimization method. The application was pretty accurate and could provide a more economical section.
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Imamuddin, Mohammad Imam, and Laraswati Laraswati. "ANALYSIS CAPACITY OF WATERWAY IN ANEKA ELOK EAST JAKARTA." astonjadro 10, no. 2 (October 18, 2021): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.32832/astonjadro.v10i2.5303.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The problem of flooding in Aneka Elok, which is located in the city of East Jakarta, is still a matter of concern, because every rainy season it is always routinely flooded. The catchment area in this study is 0,75 km<sup>2</sup> has a primary waterway that flow along the Aneka Elok area which flows northward to the reservoir and pump house. The reservoir in Aneka Elok area is located on an area of 32.000m<sup>2</sup>, is able to accommodate a flood debit of 225m<sup>3</sup> with an average depth of 4m. And has a pump capacity of 1000 liters/second as much as 2 units. With the current capacity of the reservoir and pump capacity, it is still not able to overcome the debit flood existing. This study aims to determine the existing debit in Aneka Elok area according to the return period of 5 years and 25 years, the debit flood existing in the research area, so that it can analyze the required waterway cross section and ideal pump capacity. With a return period of 5 years, the rainfall insensity of I<sub>5</sub> is 91,95 mm/hour to calculate the debit flood due the rain and compared to the debit existing flood, it is found that thecapacity of the existing waterway at C1-C2, C4-C9 and C11 is not sufficient to accommodate the current debit flood, so it is necessary to modify the waterway dimension. With a return period of 25 years, the rainfall insensity I<sub>25</sub> is 169,66 mm/hour to calculate the pump capacity, it is found that current capacity is still not sufficient so that it is necessary to increase the pump capacity from 2 m<sup>3</sup>/s to 3,5 m<sup>3</sup>/s to accelerate water flow.
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Koning, Bartjan, Ron Hulst, and Richard M. Kellogg. "Easy preparation of enantiopure C2 symmetrical hydroxy and amino sulfides derived from ephedrine and their application in a Pd catalyzed coupling reaction." Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas 115, no. 1 (September 2, 2010): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/recl.19961150110.
Повний текст джерела
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Ngere, Isaac, Elizabeth A. Hunsperger, Suxiang Tong, Julius Oyugi, Walter Jaoko, Jennifer L. Harcourt, Natalie J. Thornburg, et al. "Outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in Camels and Probable Spillover Infection to Humans in Kenya." Viruses 14, no. 8 (August 9, 2022): 1743. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14081743.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The majority of Kenya’s > 3 million camels have antibodies against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), although human infection in Africa is rare. We enrolled 243 camels aged 0–24 months from 33 homesteads in Northern Kenya and followed them between April 2018 to March 2020. We collected and tested camel nasal swabs for MERS-CoV RNA by RT-PCR followed by virus isolation and whole genome sequencing of positive samples. We also documented illnesses (respiratory or other) among the camels. Human camel handlers were also swabbed, screened for respiratory signs, and samples were tested for MERS-CoV by RT-PCR. We recorded 68 illnesses among 58 camels, of which 76.5% (52/68) were respiratory signs and the majority of illnesses (73.5% or 50/68) were recorded in 2019. Overall, 124/4692 (2.6%) camel swabs collected from 83 (34.2%) calves in 15 (45.5%) homesteads between April–September 2019 screened positive, while 22 calves (26.5%) recorded reinfections (second positive swab following ≥ 2 consecutive negative tests). Sequencing revealed a distinct Clade C2 virus that lacked the signature ORF4b deletions of other Clade C viruses. Three previously reported human PCR positive cases clustered with the camel infections in time and place, strongly suggesting sporadic transmission to humans during intense camel outbreaks in Northern Kenya.
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Unno, Tatsuya, Dukki Han, Jeonghwan Jang, Sun-Nim Lee, GwangPyo Ko, Ha Young Choi, Joon Ha Kim, Michael J. Sadowsky, and Hor-Gil Hur. "Absence of Escherichia coli Phylogenetic Group B2 Strains in Humans and Domesticated Animals from Jeonnam Province, Republic of Korea." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 17 (July 10, 2009): 5659–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00443-09.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT Multiplex PCR analyses of DNAs from genotypically unique Escherichia coli strains isolated from the feces of 138 humans and 376 domesticated animals from Jeonnam Province, South Korea, performed using primers specific for the chuA and yjaA genes and an unknown DNA fragment, TSPE4.C2, indicated that none of the strains belonged to E. coli phylogenetic group B2. In contrast, phylogenetic group B2 strains were detected in about 17% (8 of 48) of isolates from feces of 24 wild geese and in 3% (3 of 96) of isolates obtained from the Yeongsan River in Jeonnam Province, South Korea. The distribution of E. coli strains in phylogenetic groups A, B1, and D varied depending on the host examined, and there was no apparent seasonal variation in the distribution of strains in phylogenetic groups among the Yeongsan River isolates. The distribution of four virulence genes (eaeA, hlyA, stx 1, and stx 2) in isolates was also examined by using multiplex PCR. Virulence genes were detected in about 5% (38 of 707) of the total group of unique strains examined, with 24, 13, 13, and 9 strains containing hlyA, eaeA, stx 2, and stx 1, respectively. The virulence genes were most frequently present in phylogenetic group B1 strains isolated from beef cattle. Taken together, results of these studies indicate that E. coli strains in phylogenetic group B2 were rarely found in humans and domesticated animals in Jeonnam Province, South Korea, and that the majority of strains containing virulence genes belonged to phylogenetic group B1 and were isolated from beef cattle. Results of this study also suggest that the relationship between the presence and types of virulence genes and phylogenetic groupings may differ among geographically distinct E. coli populations.
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Jiang, Tao, Yixiao Xu, Yang Li, Tianjiu Jiang, Feng Wu, and Fan Zhang. "Seasonal dynamics of Alexandrium tamarense and occurrence of paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in bivalves in Nanji Islands, East China Sea." Marine and Freshwater Research 65, no. 4 (2014): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf13001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A monitoring program for seasonal dynamics of A. tamarense and paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins (PSTs) in bivalves was carried out from April 2006 to March 2007 in Nanji Islands, East China Sea. Low abundances of A. tamarense (fewer than 4.0 × 102 cells L–1) were first observed on 15 April 2006. During middle May, blooms of A. tamarense were documented, with the mean density of 3.8 × 103 cells L–1 and 0.75 × 103 cells L–1, corresponding to surface and bottom water columns, respectively. Environmental conditions of temperature range 18–20°C and salinity range 29.5–31 coincided with a high abundance of A. tamarense in the region, and the bloom collapse was likely to be a response to P limitation. Toxin concentrations in cultured Patinopecten yessoensis, Mytilus galloprovincialis and wild Mytilus coruscus during A. tamarense blooms ranged from 68.9 to 96.3 μg STXeq per 100 g flesh. Toxin profiles were similar among bivalve shellfish samples, dominated by C1 and C2 in 51.4–64.6 mol% of toxins, with an average of 60.6 mol%, followed by GTX5, GTX1–GTX4, dcGTX2 and dcGTX3. However, from January to March 2007, lower toxin concentrations, 18.9–40.8 μg STXeq per 100 g were found only in the wild Oyster sp., comprising GTX4, GTX5 and GTX1.
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Mangel, Tomáš, Tereza Jošková, Peter Milo, and Tomáš Tencer. "New findings about the arrangement of internal buildings in La Tène quadrangular enclosures in Bohemia based on the example of the site of Markvartice, East Bohemia Nové poznatky k organizaci vnitřní zástavby laténských čtyřúhelníkových valových areálů v Čechách na příkladu lokality Markvartice, okr. Jičín." Archeologické rozhledy 72, no. 3 (December 17, 2020): 427–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.35686/ar.2020.15.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article presents the results of geophysical prospection in the quadrangular enclosure of Markvartice, Jičín district, which was carried out in 2018. The obtained data resulted in new findings about the arrangement of internal buildings within sites of this kind known from the territory of Bohemia. The ascertained form of architectural arrangement of the internal space has exact analogies only in identical types of LT C2–D1 enclosures known from the territory of southern Germany. The questions of its particular form, classification possibilities and importance are discussed. The results also confirm the affiliation of the whole enclosure with La Tène sites, the so-called Viereckschanzen, which was repeatedly disputed in the past.
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Lai, Qiuying, Jian Shui, Jie Ma, Fei He, Longmian Wang, Fuquan Peng, Xiang Zhu, Qingqing Pang, and Yuao Wang. "Effects of Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM) on Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in a Seagoing River—A Case Study of the Wanggang River Flowing into the East China Sea." Water 14, no. 21 (November 7, 2022): 3580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14213580.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is an emerging environmental pollutant that has attracted widespread attention. In this study, water samples were collected from the Wanggang River in the eastern coastal area of China, and the PFOA and dissolved organic matter (DOM) levels were measured. The results show that the PFOA concentration in the water bodies ranges from 3.2 to 52.9 ng·L−1, and the average value is 27.1 ± 13.4 ng·L−1, indicating an intermediate level. Two protein-like (C2, C3) and two humus-like (C1, C4) DOM components in the Wanggang River are attributed to rainfall and human activities. Differences are observed in the DOM components before and after the flood season. The humus-like components are higher in the post-flood season, and are one of the factors affecting PFOA distribution and concentration in the Wanggang River. The results provide data support for monitoring and evaluating PFOA in rivers and help formulate PFOA pollution management strategies. In future research, it might be better to define the interaction between DOM and emerging organic pollutants by using 17 PFASs as subjects.
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Rando, T. A., and H. M. Blau. "Primary mouse myoblast purification, characterization, and transplantation for cell-mediated gene therapy." Journal of Cell Biology 125, no. 6 (June 15, 1994): 1275–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.125.6.1275.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The transplantation of cultured myoblasts into mature skeletal muscle is the basis for a new therapeutic approach to muscle and non-muscle diseases: myoblast-mediated gene therapy. The success of myoblast transplantation for correction of intrinsic muscle defects depends on the fusion of implanted cells with host myofibers. Previous studies in mice have been problematic because they have involved transplantation of established myogenic cell lines or primary muscle cultures. Both of these cell populations have disadvantages: myogenic cell lines are tumorigenic, and primary cultures contain a substantial percentage of non-myogenic cells which will not fuse to host fibers. Furthermore, for both cell populations, immune suppression of the host has been necessary for long-term retention of transplanted cells. To overcome these difficulties, we developed novel culture conditions that permit the purification of mouse myoblasts from primary cultures. Both enriched and clonal populations of primary myoblasts were characterized in assays of cell proliferation and differentiation. Primary myoblasts were dependent on added bFGF for growth and retained the ability to differentiate even after 30 population doublings. The fate of the pure myoblast populations after transplantation was monitored by labeling the cells with the marker enzyme beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) using retroviral mediated gene transfer. Within five days of transplantation into muscle of mature mice, primary myoblasts had fused with host muscle cells to form hybrid myofibers. To examine the immunobiology of primary myoblasts, we compared transplanted cells in syngeneic and allogeneic hosts. Even without immune suppression, the hybrid fibers persisted with continued beta-gal expression up to six months after myoblast transplantation in syngeneic hosts. In allogeneic hosts, the implanted cells were completely eliminated within three weeks. To assess tumorigenicity, primary myoblasts and myoblasts from the C2 myogenic cell line were transplanted into immunodeficient mice. Only C2 myoblasts formed tumors. The ease of isolation, growth, and transfection of primary mouse myoblasts under the conditions described here expand the opportunities to study muscle cell growth and differentiation using myoblasts from normal as well as mutant strains of mice. The properties of these cells after transplantation--the stability of resulting hybrid myofibers without immune suppression, the persistence of transgene expression, and the lack of tumorigenicity--suggest that studies of cell-mediated gene therapy using primary myoblasts can now be broadly applied to mouse models of human muscle and non-muscle diseases.
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Umam, M. W. F., M. Fatekurohman, and D. Anggraeni. "Hybrid clustering and classification methods to find out the pattern of the spread of covid-19 in East Java province." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2157, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2157/1/012030.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Covid-19 entered Indonesia in March 2020, which had an extraordinary impact on all aspects of life. The real impact is the economic and social sectors. Various efforts and policies from the Indonesian government were made to suppress the increase in the rate of Covid-19 cases. The spread of Covid-19 cases in Indonesia has been evenly distributed in various provinces, one of which is East Java. East Java has 38 districts/cities, where the case of each district is different, there are green, yellow, red, and black zones. To find out the pattern of spread of each district/city zone, clustering is used. The method used in this study was to use the hybrid method of clustering with K-means and classification with its algorithm Decision Tree. The purpose of this study to prepare mitigation measures to inhibit the rate of spread of Covid-19 in East Java Province. The variables used include the number of positive, the number of dead, the number of recovered, the number of suspects, and the number of probable. With this grouped data, it is expected to help make the right decision in reducing the spread and minimizing the number of positive patients. Based on the results of the study, there will be cluster results, namely 7 very high-risk areas (C0), 1 high risk district (C1), 29 moderate risk districts (C2), and 1 low-risk district (C3). It also has a validity index level of 0.356 as measured by the Davies-Bouldin Index.
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Salameh, Thérèse, Stéphane Sauvage, Charbel Afif, Agnès Borbon, Thierry Léonardis, Jérôme Brioude, Antoine Waked, and Nadine Locoge. "Exploring the seasonal NMHC distribution in an urban area of the Middle East during ECOCEM campaigns: very high loadings dominated by local emissions and dynamics." Environmental Chemistry 12, no. 3 (2015): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en14154.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Environmental context Non-methane hydrocarbons play an important role in the formation of photochemical oxidants such as ozone. We investigate factors controlling the distribution of non-methane hydrocarbons in an urban area of the Middle East. The study highlights the importance of local emissions and atmospheric dynamics, and the limited effect of photochemistry at the measurement site. Abstract Measurements of over 70 C2-C16 non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) were conducted in suburban Beirut (1.3 million inhabitants) in summer 2011 and winter 2012 during the Emission and Chemistry of Organic Carbon in the East Mediterranean (ECOCEM) field campaign. The levels of NMHCs observed exceeded by a factor of two in total volume the levels found in northern mid-latitude megacities (Paris and Los Angeles), especially for the unburned fossil fuel fraction. Regardless of the season, the major compounds, explaining 50% of the concentrations, were toluene, isopentane, butane, m,p-xylenes, propane and ethylene, emitted by mobile traffic and gasoline evaporation sources. Most NMHCs show a distinct seasonal cycle, with a summer maximum and a winter minimum, unlike seasonal cycles usually observed in the northern mid-latitude urban areas. We show that NMHC distribution is mainly driven by strong local emissions and local atmospheric dynamics, with no clear evidence of photochemical removal in summer or influence from long-range transport.
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Hai, Pham Thanh, Bui Xuan Phuong, Tran Huu Coi, Phung Thanh Tung, Ngo Quang Duc, Nguyen Minh Khang, and Vu Dinh Duy. "Genetic diversity of H’mong short tail dog based on sequencing of the D-loop hypervariable -1 region (HV1)." Vietnam Journal of Biotechnology 19, no. 2 (August 2, 2021): 245–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1811-4989/14858.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The H'mong short tail dog is breed indigenous dogs, distributed in mountainousareas of northern Vietnam. H'mong short tail dog possesses many valuable properties such as intelligence, agility, good health, good shape, human friendliness, ease of training and it can fully meet the needs of war Dogs intelligence, strength, good parenting, people friendly and more importantly, still keeping wild characteristics of hunting dogs. The total 45 samples (blood) collected from 45 individuals in two provinces of Northern Vietnam (Ha Giang and Lao Cai), were used to assess genetic diversity based on sequencing hypervariable – 1 region (HV1) in D-loop genes. In the current study showed that genetic diversity of H'mong short tail dog was high with nucleotide diversity (Pi = 0.00801), haplotype diversity (Hd = 0.96162) and average number of nucleotide differences (Kt = 5.18384). Furthermore, 25 different haplotypes were recorded and divided into four main groups: A, B, C, and E. Of which, seven new haplotypes in haplogroups A (An1 to An7) and 18 haplotypes have been published in the world. In addition, H'mong short tail dog was found rare haplogroups (B1, C2, E1 and E4). Notably, there is none individuals contain haplotype of haplogroups (D and F). H'mong short tail dog were identified 38 single nucleotide polymorphisms, including 32 nucleotide base substitution/base insertion and 6 nucleotide indel mutation. Almost mutation was transversion (31/32) and only one nucleotide transition mutations. Phylogenetic tree shown that H'mong short tail dog have close relationship with dogs origin from East Asia (China, Japan and Korea).
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Rasid, R., P. Paramata, Y. Yunginger, O. Odja, B. Bouty, and S. Setiawan. "Development of Learning Media using Powtoon Application on Liquid Pressure Topic." Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia 18, no. 2 (January 1, 2023): 182–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jpfi.v18i2.36839.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A valid, practical, and effective cartoon-based learning media on liquid pressure material has been developed by employing the Powtoon application and using Four-D (4D) stages. Expert validity and empirical validityof the media achieved an average score of 3.94 and 3.84 respectively with very valid criteria. The test instrument validity score was 3.37 with valid criteria. Supporting data for implementation is obtained using several instruments. The learning implementation observation sheet is used to observe teacher activity in the classroom; student responses were collected through questionnaires; and student activity is observed through the observation sheet. The practicality quality of teaching materials is obtained a percentage of 100% with very good criteria. The student responses to indicators of learning motivation with a percentage of 86.7%, indicators of ease and satisfaction of learning with a percentage of 84.7, learning innovation indicators with a percentage of 87.8%, and learning achievement indicators with a percentage of 89.2%. The effectiveness of the teaching material was obtained from observing student activities with a percentage of 86% in meeting I and of 88.7%% in meeting II. The student’s competency C2 (describing) achieve a percentage of 88.7%, C3 (applying) with a percentage of 81.75%, C4 (analyzing) with a percentage of 93.25%, and C5 (proving) with a percentage of 73%, all in good criteria. Learning outcomes in classical completeness obtains a percentage of 93.3%. It can be concluded that learning media in the form of teaching materials using the Powtoon application has the potential to increase students' understanding of concepts.
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Wang, Bei, Liu Tao, Yu Cheng, Fang Yang, Yuguang Jin, Chunmei Zhou, Hao Yu, and Yanhui Yang. "Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Small Molecule Alcohols over Pt, Pd, and Au Catalysts: The Effect of Alcohol’s Hydrogen Bond Donation Ability and Molecular Structure Properties." Catalysts 9, no. 4 (April 25, 2019): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9040387.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The direct alcohol fuel cell is a kind of power generation device that directly converts the chemical energy of small molecule alcohols into electric energy. In this paper, the electro-oxidation behaviors of some typical alcohols (methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, n-propanol, 2-propanol, and glycerol) over Pt, Pd, and Au electrodes were investigated in acidic, neutral, and alkaline media, respectively. By analyzing the activity information from a cyclic voltammetry (CV) method and some dynamic tests, several regularities were revealed in those electro-oxidation behaviors. Firstly, alkaline media is the best for the electro-oxidation of all these alcohols over Pt, Pd, and Au catalysts. Secondly, the hydrogen bond donation abilities (HBD) of different alcohols were found have a great relationship with the catalytic performance. In alkaline media, on Pt electrodes, the solute HBD is positively correlated with the ease of electrooxidation within the scope of this experiment. Contrarily, it is negatively correlated on Pd and Au electrodes. Additionally, for Pt catalysts in acidic and neutral media, the relationship becomes negative again as the HBD increases. Finally, the alcohol’s molecular structure properties were found to have a remarkably influence on the activity of different catalysts. Over the Pt electrode in alkaline media, the activation energy of methanol oxidation is 44.1 KJ/mol, and is obviously lower than the oxidation of other alcohols. Under similar conditions, the lowest activation energy was measured in the oxidation of n-propanol (14.4 KJ/mol) over the Pd electrode, and in the oxidation of glycerol (42.2 KJ/mol) over the Au electrode. Totally, among all these electrodes, Pt electrodes showed the best activities on the oxidation of C1 alcohol, Pd electrodes were more active on the oxidation of C2-3 monobasic alcohols, and Au electrodes were more active on the oxidation of polybasic alcohols.
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Roer, Louise, Søren Overballe-Petersen, Frank Hansen, Kristian Schønning, Mikala Wang, Bent L. Røder, Dennis S. Hansen, et al. "Escherichia coliSequence Type 410 Is Causing New International High-Risk Clones." mSphere 3, no. 4 (July 18, 2018): e00337-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00337-18.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACTEscherichia colisequence type 410 (ST410) has been reported worldwide as an extraintestinal pathogen associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones, third-generation cephalosporins, and carbapenems. In the present study, we investigated national epidemiology of ST410E. coliisolates from Danish patients. Furthermore,E. coliST410 was investigated in a global context to provide further insight into the acquisition of the carbapenemase genesblaOXA-181andblaNDM-5of this successful lineage. From 127 whole-genome-sequenced isolates, we reconstructed an evolutionary framework ofE. coliST410 which portrays the antimicrobial-resistant clades B2/H24R, B3/H24Rx, and B4/H24RxC. The B2/H24R and B3/H24Rx clades emerged around 1987, concurrently with the C1/H30R and C2/H30Rx clades inE. coliST131. B3/H24Rx appears to have evolved by the acquisition of the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-encoding geneblaCTX-M-15and an IncFII plasmid, encoding IncFIA and IncFIB. Around 2003, the carbapenem-resistant clade B4/H24RxC emerged when ST410 acquired an IncX3 plasmid carrying ablaOXA-181carbapenemase gene. Around 2014, the clade B4/H24RxC acquired a second carbapenemase gene,blaNDM-5, on a conserved IncFII plasmid. From an epidemiological investigation of 49E. coliST410 isolates from Danish patients, we identified five possible regional outbreaks, of which one outbreak involved nine patients withblaOXA-181- andblaNDM-5-carrying B4/H24RxC isolates. The accumulated multidrug resistance inE. coliST410 over the past two decades, together with its proven potential of transmission between patients, poses a high risk in clinical settings, and thus,E. coliST410 should be considered a lineage with emerging “high-risk” clones, which should be monitored closely in the future.IMPORTANCEExtraintestinal pathogenicEscherichia coli(ExPEC) is the main cause of urinary tract infections and septicemia. Significant attention has been given to the ExPEC sequence type ST131, which has been categorized as a “high-risk” clone. High-risk clones are globally distributed clones associated with various antimicrobial resistance determinants, ease of transmission, persistence in hosts, and effective transmission between hosts. The high-risk clones have enhanced pathogenicity and cause severe and/or recurrent infections. We show that clones of theE. coliST410 lineage persist and/or cause recurrent infections in humans, including bloodstream infections. We found evidence of ST410 being a highly resistant globally distributed lineage, capable of patient-to-patient transmission causing hospital outbreaks. Our analysis suggests that the ST410 lineage should be classified with the potential to cause new high-risk clones. Thus, with the clonal expansion over the past decades and increased antimicrobial resistance to last-resort treatment options, ST410 needs to be monitored prospectively.
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Negrier, Claude, Shannon L. Meeks, Johannes Oldenburg, Uri Martinowitz, Jean-Claude Bordet, Bernd Poetzsch, Raed Al Dieri, et al. "Recombinant Porcine Factor VIII Corrects Thrombin Generation and Improves Clot Structure In Vitro in Plasma Containing Anti-Factor VIII Inhibitory Antibodies." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 2282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.2282.2282.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Abstract 2282 Introduction: Treatment of bleeding episodes in patients with hemophilia A who have developed inhibitory antibodies can be challenging. Using human factor VIII (FVIII) and, historically, porcine FVIII in patients with a low inhibitor titer are therapeutic options, and provide ease of monitoring. A B-domain deleted recombinant porcine FVIII (rpFVIII; OBI-1), which may possess low cross-reactivity to anti-human FVIII antibodies, is being investigated for the treatment of bleeding episodes in individuals with congenital hemophilia A and inhibitors, and in those with acquired hemophilia. The in vitro capacity of this molecule to correct hemostasis has been further characterized. Methods: This is an international, multicenter in vitro study. Individuals with hemophilia A and inhibitor antibodies were recruited during routine out-patient visits between January 2011 and March 2011. Written and signed informed consent was obtained prior to venepuncture. Blood was obtained from volunteers with congenital hemophilia A and inhibitors attending routine visits at participating hemophilia treatment centers. A single blood sample was obtained from consenting individuals under protocols approved by Institutional Review Boards/Ethical Committees. In vitro spiking experiments with OBI-1 were conducted using FVIII-deficient plasma with and without anti-FVIII inhibitory activity. Three control inhibitor plasmas were provided, composed of FVIII deficient plasma to which the anti-C1 monoclonal antibody (MAb) to human FVIII (Sanquin, Amsterdam, the Netherlands) was added at two concentrations to reach anti-human FVIII inhibitory activity of 4.9 Bethesda Units (BU)/mL and 32.8 BU/mL with anti-porcine anti-FVIII inhibitory activity of 2.7 BU/mL and 19.1 BU/mL, respectively; and FVIII deficient plasma to which “polyclonal” mixture of the anti-C1 MAb, along with an anti-A2 and 2 anti-C2 MAbs was added. Plasma from eight patients with hemophilia A and inhibitors was tested. Hemostatic correction by OBI-1 was assessed by thrombin generation measurement (Calibrated Analytical Thrombography assay, Synapse BV, Maastricht, The Netherlands) and clot structure using electron microscopy. Epitope mapping of the inhibitor patient plasma was undertaken at a central laboratory (Atlanta, Georgia, USA) using an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) with human/porcine FVIII hybrids as the antigen. Results: The results showed a dose-dependent and anti-porcine titer dependent correction of thrombin generation parameters (peak and ETP) with OBI-1 at concentrations equivalent to 100 IU/dL, 200 IU/dL, and 400 IU/dL, which paralleled a correction of the clot structure (number and diameter of fibrin fibres). These results were only dependent on the anti-porcine titer. In samples with high titers of anti-porcine inhibitor (>10 BU), little or no restoration of the diminished thrombin generation was observed when various OBI-1 concentrations were added to the plasma. In the plasmas with high anti-human titers (≥10 BU/mL) the dominant epitope was C2 in 3 plasmas, A2 in 1 plasma, and indeterminate in 3 plasmas. The plasmas with no restoration of the thrombin generation with even the highest dose of OBI-1 all had antibody detected to more than one domain of FVIII or were not able to be mapped due to high porcine cross-reactivity. Conclusion: In vitro data obtained with spiking experiments using OBI-1 indicate that it has the potential to correct surrogate markers of hemostasis depending on the anti-porcine FVIII titer which may translate into in vivo effectiveness. Further investigation into the epitope specificity of responsive and non-responsive inhibitor plasmas correlation with effectiveness is warranted. Disclosures: Negrier: Inspiration Biopharmaceuticals: Honoraria, Research Funding. Meeks:Inspiration Biopharmaceuticals: Research Funding. Oldenburg:SOBI: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Catalyst: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Inspiration: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; LFB: Consultancy; Pfizer: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Novo Nordisk: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Grifols: Honoraria, Research Funding; CSL Behring: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Biotest: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Bayer: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Baxter: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Biogen Idec: Honoraria; Octapharma: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding. Bordet:Inspiration Biopharmaceuticals: Research Funding. Poetzsch:Inspiration Biopharmaceuticals: Research Funding. Al Dieri:Synapse BV: Employment. Dargaud:Inspiration Biopharmaceuticals: Research Funding. Hemker:Synapse BV: Employment. Eckmann:Sanquin Diagnostic Services: Employment. Gomperts:Inspiration Biopharmaceuticals: Employment. Lee:Inspiration Biopharmaceuticals: Employment.
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Тихоновская, И. В. "BASP-Classification of Androgenetic Alopecia: Application Experience in Men." Дерматовенерология Косметология, no. 3 (November 11, 2020): 170–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.34883/pi.2020.6.3.003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Введение. Андрогенетическая алопеция (АГА) – хроническая нерубцовая потеря волос с характерной локализацией на волосистой части головы. В 2007 году была предложена новая универсальная, для мужчин и женщин, BASP-классификация андрогенетической алопеции.Цель исследования. Изучить клинические проявления андрогенетической алопеции у мужчин с учетом BASP-классификации.Материалы и методы. Обследовались 212 мужчин в возрасте 18 лет и старше, проходивших лечение на базе ВОКЦДиК. Были исключены пациенты с воспалительными заболеваниями волосистой части головы, пациенты, получающие лечение, стимулирующее рост волос, перенесшие лихорадку или психологический стресс за 6 месяцев до обследования, страдающие заболеваниями щитовидной железы, анемией.Использовался визуальный осмотр, дерматоскопия (для исключения воспалительных заболеваний волосистой части головы). По тяжести андрогенетическая алопеция классифицировалась следующим образом: слабой степени тяжести при базовых L, M0, M1, C1 и специфических V1 и F1 типах; средней степени тяжести при базовых M2 и C2 и специфических V2 и F2 типах и тяжелой степени тяжести при базовых M3, C3, U1, U2 и U3 и специфических V3 и F3 типах. Ранним считалось начало андрогенетический алопеции до 30 лет.Результаты. Средний возраст пациентов составил 47,9±13,68 года. Пациентов в возрасте до 44 лет было 83 (39,1%), от 45 до 59 лет – 90 (42,4%), от 60 до 74 лет – 34 (16,0%), от 75до 90 лет – 4 (1,8%), старше 90 – 1 (0,4%). М-тип изолированно или в сочетании с другими типами наблюдался у 159 (75%); С-тип изолированно или в сочетании с другими типами диагностирован у 36 (16,9%) пациентов, U-тип изолированно или в сочетании с другими типами диагностирован у 28 (13,2%) пациентов, V-тип изолированно или в сочетании с другими типами диагностирован у 58 (27,3%) пациентов, F-тип изолированно или в сочетании с другими типами наблюдался у 6 (2,8%) пациентов. Пациентов с легкой степенью тяжести различных типов АГА было 71 (33,4%), средней степенью тяжести – 103 (48,5%), тяжелой степенью – 113(53,3%). Раньше 30 лет АГА начала развиваться у 22 (10,3%) пациентов.Заключение. М-тип изолированный или в сочетании с другими типами – самый частый тип АГА. Однако необходимо большее число наблюдений c применением BASP-классификации для установления частоты встречаемости типов АГА среди белорусской популяции в различных возрастных группах.Из-за простоты применения представляется возможным, что новой BASP-классификацией могут пользоваться врачи любых специальностей и средний медицинский персонал, что способствует междисциплинарному сотрудничеству в плане изучения АГА как косметической проблемы или как индикатора других заболеваний. Introduction. Androgenetic alopecia is chronic progressive hair loss with pattern distribution. The Hamilton – Norwood classification is used to classify androgenetic alopecia in men. In 2007 a new universal BASP – classification for androgenetic alopecia in man and women was proposed.The purpose of the investigation is to study the clinical presentation of androgenetic alopecia in men according to BASP – classification.Materials and methods. The 212 men (dermatological patients) in age from 18 years and older were examined. The patients with inflammatory diseases of the scalp, who received the treatment for stimulation of the hair growth, who had a fever or psychological stress before 6 months to examination and those have thyroid diseases or anemia were excluded. The visual examination and dermatoscopy for exclude inflammatory diseases of the scalp were used. By severity, androgenetic alopecia was classified as mild: basic L, M0, M1, C1 and specific V1, F1 types; moderate: M2, C2 basic and V2, F2 specific types and severe with basic M3, C3, U1, U2, U3 and specific types V3, F3. The early onset of androgenetic alopecia was considered as starting before 30 years old.Results. The average age of patients was 47.9±13.68 years. Patients under of 44 years old were 83 (39.1%), from 45 to 59 years old – 90 (42.4%), from 60 to 74 years old – 34 (16.0%), from 75 to 90 years old – 4 (1.8%), over 90 years old – 1 (0.4%). The M-type isolated or in combination with other types was in 159 (75%) patients, C-type isolated or in combination with other types was diagnosed in 36 (16.9%) patients, U-type isolated or in combination with other types was diagnosed in 28 (13.2%) patients, V-type isolated or in combination with other types was diagnosed in 58 (27.3%) patients, F-type isolated or in combination was observed in 6 (2.8%) patients.The mild severity of various types of AGA were in 71 patients (33.4%), moderate severity of various types of AGA is observed in 103 (48.5%) and 113 (53.3%) patients had severe forms of AGA. AGA began before 30 years old in 22 (10.3%) patients.Conclusion. The isolated or combined with other types M-type is the most common type of AGA. The more patients are needed to determine the frequency of cases of types of AGA in the Belarusian population in different age groups according to BASP-classification.Due to the ease of application, it is possible that the new BASP-classification may be used by doctors other than dermatologist and nurse. It is promote interdisciplinary cooperation in terms of studying AGA as a cosmetic problem or as an indicator of other diseases.
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Brocklehurst, Samantha, Neil Desai, Jennifer L. Shah, Syed Rizvi, Praveen Ramakrishnan Geethakumari, and Kiran A. Kumar. "Combined Modality Low-Dose Radiation Therapy (2 Gy x 2) and Single-Agent Rituximab Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Indolent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 5262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-131246.
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Introduction Low-dose involved site radiation therapy (ISRT) of 2 Gy x 2 is effective in terms of palliation and local control for indolent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL), with >80% response rate (Hoskin et al., Lancet 2014). It is commonly used in patients for whom radiation-related toxicity is of concern due to location, volume of disease, or poor performance status, and because of the ease of re-treatment if necessary. An alternative treatment for these patients is rituximab monotherapy, which is well-tolerated and has a good initial response rate but poor long-term response rate (Ardeshna et al., Lancet 2014). To date, no study has examined the efficacy of low-dose ISRT with single-agent rituximab in patients for whom treatment-related toxicity is a concern. We hypothesize that this combination is an effective treatment modality for indolent NHL that may result in the optimal balance of local and systemic disease control with minimal toxicity. Methods From a prospectively maintained clinical database of patients treated with radiation therapy (RT) at UT-Southwestern Medical Center, we performed an IRB-approved, retrospective review of 40 treated sites from 34 patients with indolent B-cell lymphoma (predominantly follicular, marginal zone, and mucosal associated lymphoid tissue) treated with low-dose ISRT (2 Gy x 2) between 2013-2019. Of primary interest, 7 patients received single-agent rituximab (median 4 cycles) either concurrently or within a short interval (median 18 days) of their ISRT, with a median follow-up of 13 months. Of the remaining patients, 14 received RT alone and 13 received combination therapy (predominantly bendamustine-rituximab or R-CHOP). Of the patients who received a combination of low-dose ISRT and single-agent rituximab, treated sites included parotid (3), brain (2), orbit (1), and pre-sacral space (1). The median ECOGperformance status was 1 (range, 1-2), the median age was 75 (range, 21-87), and 4/7 patients were female. The majority of patients were stage I (5), and remaining were stage II (1) and stage III (1). Nopatients had prior RT or systemic therapies. The primary outcome was response rate, categorized as complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD), or progressive disease (PD).Secondary outcomes included progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), symptom relief, and acute and long-term toxicities. Treatment response and disease control were determined by radiographic studies and/or physical examinations. SPSS Statistics software was used for statistical analysis. Results In all patients who received low-dose ISRT, the progression-free survival and overall survival at 1-year was 58% and 82%, respectively. In the patients who received combined low-dose ISRT and single-agent rituximab, the response rate was 100% (7/7), of which 5 had CR, 1 had PR and 1 had SD at the time of latest follow-up. For patients with multiple lesions (stage II-III), there was a 100% CR rate of un-irradiated lesions as well. There were no distal failures or deaths. Of note, 1 patient had progression of disease locally and a second had progression of disease distally initially after ISRT, both of which resolved as SD and CR, respectively, after the administration of rituximab. Also, 1 patient had progression of disease locally while receiving rituximab maintenance therapy, which resolved as CR after treatment with ISRT. Two patients experienced acute toxicities, 1 with mild diarrhea from presacral RT that resolved within days and 1 with dysgeusia from parotid RT that resolved within 2 months. Only 1 patient noted long-term toxicity from RT, in the form of dry mouth from about 50% reduction in saliva post-RT to the left parotid gland. All 7 patients presented with symptoms, of which 6 noted improvement. The remaining 1 patient had stable symptoms, as well as SD, with significant improvement in her initial condition confounded by a lower presenting ECOG and C2 fracture from a symptomatic fall prior to RT. Conclusion In patients with indolent lymphoma, combined low-dose ISRT of 2 Gy x 2 with single-agent rituximab appears to provide effective palliation and disease control with minimal toxicity. This combination is a promising new treatment paradigm, particularly for patients in whom radiation or chemotherapy related toxicities are of concern, and warrants evaluation in a larger prospective series. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Martini, Michael L., Sean N. Neifert, Emily K. Chapman, Thomas E. Mroz, and Jonathan J. Rasouli. "Cervical Spine Alignment in the Sagittal Axis: A Review of the Best Validated Measures in Clinical Practice." Global Spine Journal, November 18, 2020, 219256822097207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2192568220972076.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Study Design: Review of the best-validated measures of cervical spine alignment in the sagittal axis. Objective: Describe the C2-C7 Cobb Angle, C2-C7 sagittal vertical axis, chin-brow to vertical angle, T1 slope minus C2-C7 lordosis, C2 slope, and different types of cervical kyphosis. Methods: Search PubMed for recent technical literature on radiograph-based measurements of the cervical spine. Results: Despite the continuing use of measures developed many years ago such as the C2-C7 Cobb angle, there are new radiographic parameters being published and utilized in recent years, including the C2 slope. Further research is needed to compare older and newer measures for cross-validation. Utilizing these measures to determine the degree of correction intraoperatively and postoperatively will enable surgeons to optimize patient-level outcomes. Conclusion: Cervical spinal deformity can be a debilitating condition characterized by cervical spinal misalignment that affects the elderly more commonly than young populations. Many of these validated measures of cervical spinal alignment are useful in clinical settings due to their ease of implementation and correlations with various postoperative and health-related quality of life outcomes.
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Batubara, Dinda Nabila, and Agus Perdana Windarto. "ANALISA KLASIFIKASI DATA MINING PADA TINGKAT KEPUASAN PENGUNJUNG TAMAN HEWAN PEMATANG SIANTAR DENGAN ALGORITMA." KOMIK (Konferensi Nasional Teknologi Informasi dan Komputer) 3, no. 1 (December 2, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.30865/komik.v3i1.1664.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of the study is to provide recommendations for the satisfaction of visitors to the animal park using the C4.5 datamining classification data laminating technique. Data sources were obtained from interviews with the management of the Pematangsiantar City Animal Park and the giving of questionnaires to random visitors as many as 150 people. Attributes used as parameters for assessing visitor satisfaction include: Ease of access to locations (C1), Infrastructure Facilities (C2), Parking lots (C3), Security (C4), Service Officers (C5) and Cleanliness (C6). The results of processing the C4.5 method using the help of RapidMiner software are the attributes of infrastructure (C2) and service officers (C5) being the attributes that most influence the level of satisfaction of visitors to the park. And the performance data shown on the suitability of the C4.5 method with the satisfaction of visitors to the animal park is 95%Keywords: Datamining, Classification, C4.5 Method, Visitors, Satisfaction, Animal Park
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Hamedishahraki, Sajad. "Experimental study of low yield point steel and benefits of using easy-going-steel." Journal of Steel Structures & Construction 04 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2472-0437-c2-011.
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Du, Man-Li, Tao-Hsin Tung, Ping Tao, Ching-Wen Chien, and Yen-Ching Chuang. "Application of Rough Set Theory to Improve Outpatient Medical Service Quality in Public Hospitals Based on the Patient Perspective." Frontiers in Public Health 9 (November 24, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.739119.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose: To analyze the key factors and decision-making behaviors affecting overall satisfaction based on perceptual data of outpatients.Methods: The official satisfaction questionnaire developed by the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China was used. Rough set theory was used to identify the perception patterns between condition attributes (i.e., service factors) and a decision attribute (i.e., overall service level) and to express them in rule form (i.e., if-then).Results: The four minimal-coverage rules, with strength exceeding 10% in the good class, and six crucial condition attributes were obtained: “Ease of registration (C1),” “Respected by registered staff (C2),” “Registered staff's listening (C3),” “Respected by doctor (C9),” “Signpost (C12),” and “Privacy (C16).” In addition, the average hit rate for 5-fold cross-validation was 90.86%.Conclusions: A series of decision rules could help decision-makers easily understand outpatients' situations and propose more suitable programs for improving hospital service quality because these decision rules are based on actual outpatient experiences.
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Legrand, M., S. Preunkert, T. Oliveira, C. A. Pio, S. Hammer, A. Gelencsér, A. Kasper-Giebl, and P. Laj. "Origin of C2–C5dicarboxylic acids in the European atmosphere inferred from year-round aerosol study conducted at a west-east transect." Journal of Geophysical Research 112, no. D23 (August 22, 2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006jd008019.
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Kumar Kondapi, Venkata Pavan, Olivier-Mohamad Soueidan, Seyedeh Nargess Hosseini, Nauras Jabari, and Frederick G. West. "ChemInform Abstract: Efficient and Easy Access to Optically Pure Tetrasubstituted Tetrahydrofurans via Stereoselective Opening of C2-Symmetric Epoxide and Aziridine Rings." ChemInform 47, no. 29 (June 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201629121.
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