Дисертації з теми "C02 reduction"
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Ramirez, Julio C. "Vehicular CO2 Reduction in the United States." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2014. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/428.
Повний текст джерелаWindle, Christopher D. "Photocatalytic CO2 reduction by porphyrin rhenium dyads." Thesis, University of York, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4594/.
Повний текст джерелаRong, Yu. "FCC regeneration process design for co2 emissions reduction." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.505485.
Повний текст джерелаParra, Puerto Andrés. "Towards Artificial Photosynthesis: Photoelectrochemical CO2 Reduction to Solar Fuels." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/347965.
Повний текст джерелаEsta tesis se ha desarrollado con el objetivo de probar el concepto de la reducción del dióxido de carbono a metano, mediante una reducción de los potenciales necesarios usando un mecanismo fotocatalítico. Parte de la energía solar es transferida a la reacción obteniendo una mejora en el balance energético total. El trabajo desarrollado se focaliza primero en el estudio de materiales nanoestructurados fotoactivos basados en dióxido de titanio obtenidos por anodización, generando nanotubos, y por síntesis hidrotermal obteniendo nanohilos sobre un sustrato conductor transparente, los cuales permiten obtener mayores superficies activas mejorando la colección de fotones, similar a las reacciones luminosas en la fotosíntesis. En segundo lugar, se ha estudiado la electroreducción del dióxido de carbono a metano usando cátodos de cobre y oxido de cobre (similar a las reacciones oscuras de la fotosíntesis). Usando el cobre como cátodo, se ha observado la obtención de metano a diferentes densidades de corriente aplicadas para poder observar la productividad respecto al potencial medido. Para el caso de los cátodos de óxido de cobre, no se ha encontrado producción de metano pero si de etileno. En estos cátodos se ha observado un efecto proveniente de la reducción de las capas de los diferentes óxidos de cobre, generados en la síntesis térmica, hacia un cobre catalíticamente activo para la reacción de reducción del dióxido de carbono. Este efecto se ha estudiado profundamente mediante un estudio de los cambios cristalográficos y superficiales a determinados tiempos. Finalmente, se ha estudiado el efecto de la humidificación del dióxido de carbono (gas) previa a la entrada a la celda electroquímica. Como parte final se ha realizado una evaluación energética de los fotoánodos generados por síntesis hidrotermal y de los cátodos basados en cobre estudiados, para poder implementar ambos en una celda fotoelectroquímica completa. En esta parte se ha estudiado los valores de los potenciales externos necesarios para que se pueda dar la reacción, asumiendo un 100% de eficiencia hacia la producción de metano para los cátodos de cobre y de etileno para los de óxido de cobre.
Grönninger, Philipp [Verfasser], and Dirk [Gutachter] Guldi. "Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 / Philipp Grönninger ; Gutachter: Dirk Guldi." Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2017. http://d-nb.info/1130869482/34.
Повний текст джерелаTouhami, Dalila. "Pyridine assisted CO2 reduction to methanol at high pressure." Thesis, University of Hull, 2015. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:16572.
Повний текст джерелаWoolerton, Thomas William. "Development of enzymatic H2 production and CO2 reduction systems." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:393741ac-94b1-4d56-b680-d9a434db77e2.
Повний текст джерелаWilson, Solita. "Activation and Reduction of Carbon Dioxide Using Bis-Mesityl Imidazole Ylidene." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1559308312820674.
Повний текст джерелаKa, Seon Young. "Studies on the Reactivity of a Bis–Mesityl Imidazolyl Carbene Intermediate toward Carbon Dioxide and Stability of the Resulting Carboxylate." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1566315034568426.
Повний текст джерелаJikai, Zhang. "CDM projects and China’s CO2 emission reduction in 2006-2020." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-58646.
Повний текст джерелаPastor, Hernandez Ernest. "Transient spectroscopic studies of photocatalysts for CO2 and proton reduction." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/44182.
Повний текст джерелаXue, Congcong. "Electrocatalytic and Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction by Ru-Re Bimetallic Complexes." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1462205030.
Повний текст джерелаNgo, Thuhuong T. "Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 with Tunable Bandgap and Bandedge Materials." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6551.
Повний текст джерелаYu, Xiang. "Photocatalytic conversion of methane and reduction of CO2 with H2O." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1R022/document.
Повний текст джерелаPhotocatalysis is one of the key technologies for clean energy and environmental applications. The number of applications based on photocatalysis has increased dramatically for the past two decades. Photocatalytic activation of C-H bonds is an emerging field. Methane is a promising source of energy with a huge reserve and is considered to be one of the alternatives to non-renewable petroleum resources because it can be converted to valuable hydrocarbon feedstocks and hydrogen through appropriate reactions. However, due to its high stability, high energy is usually consumed for its conversion, which remains a problem to be solved. Methane conversion and reaction mechanism occurring on metal-heteropolyacid-titania nanocomposites were investigated in Chapters 3 and 4. Oxidation of methane has been carried out for more than a century. Since oxygen is a very reactive molecule, methane can react very rapidly with molecular oxygen and is prone to total oxidation till CO2. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain a desired product with high yield and high selectivity. We report here direct and selective photocatalytic highly-selective oxidation of methane to carbon monoxide under ambient conditions. The composite catalysts on the basis of zinc, tungstophosphoric acid and titania exhibit exceptional performance in this reaction, high carbon monoxide selectivity and quantum efficiency of 7.1% at 362 nm. The reaction is consistent with the Mars-Van Krevelen type sequence and involves formation of the surface methoxy-carbonates as intermediates and zinc oxidation-reduction cycling. In the past few decades, extensive research has focused on the direct conversion of methane to alcohols or higher hydrocarbons. The current processes of converting methane to alcohols or olefins are complex and expensive, because they require an intermediate step of reforming methane to syngas. Although the direct conversion of methane to more valuable products has significant environmental and potential commercial value, there is no commercial scale process available. We uncovered highly selective (>90%) quantitative photochemical direct conversion of methane to ethane at ambient temperature over silver-heteropolyacid-titania nanocomposites. The ethane yield from methane reaches 9 % on the optimized materials. High quantum efficiency, high selectivity and significant yield of ethane combined with excellent stability are major advantages of methane quantitative synthesis from methane using the photochemical looping approach. The rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide and the depletion of fossil fuel reserves have raised serious concerns about the subsequent impact of CO2 on the global climate and future energy supply. The use of abundant solar energy to convert carbon dioxide into fuel, such as carbon monoxide, methane or methanol, solves both problems simultaneously and provides a convenient method of energy storage. Chapter 5 addresses a new efficient catalyst for selective CO2 to CO conversion. The zinc containing phosphotungstic acid-titania nanocomposites exhibited exceptional high activity reaching 50 µmol CO/g·h and selectivity (73%) in the CO2 photocatalytic reduction to CO in the presence of water. The in-situ IR experiments suggest that reaction involves zinc bicarbonates containing hydroxyl groups. The decomposition of these zinc bicarbonate species under irradiation leads to the selective production of carbon monoxide and oxygen. In photocatalytic reactions, the difference in catalyst morphology usually has a significant effect on the photocatalytic performance. Chapter 6 studied the effect of monoclinic bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) crystals with controlled ratio of {010} and {110} facets for photocatalytic reduction of CO2 by H2O. The reaction under irradiation is significantly enhanced by selective photo-deposition of Cu and Co co-catalysts over different facets providing Z-scheme charge flow
Dattila, Federico. "Modelling and mapping pathways of electrochemical CO2 reduction on modified catalytic surfaces." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670954.
Повний текст джерелаLa reducción de CO2 es el único proceso para generar combustibles verdes con un impacto negativo neto en las emisiones de CO2. Por lo tanto, el desarrollo futuro de nuestra sociedad necesita una aplicación industrial de esta tecnología para producir productos químicos de uso intensivo como el etileno. El cobre es un material único para catalizar estos productos, sin embargo, avances significativos en este proceso requieren una comprensión teórica profunda de su complejidad. En esta tesis me propuse desarrollar métodos teóricos para abordar los principales factores involucrados en la reducción de CO2 con cobre: (i) reconstrucción superficial debido a potencial negativo; (ii) efectos químicos sobre la selectividad; y (iii) el efecto del electrolito. Los capítulos I y II se dedicaron a las motivaciones y métodos y el Capítulo 3 a comprobar resultados experimentales bien establecidos. En el capítulo 4 investigué la reconstrucción del cobre policristalino a potenciales negativos. Este proceso está impulsado por la polarización de la superficie, que promueve dominios (100) y defectos. Siguiendo las previsiones teóricas, sinteticé un catalizador a base de cobre eficaz para producir etileno con alto rendimiento. En el Capítulo V, estudié el óxido de cobre para investigar el estado de oxidación del cobre, su coordinación y los sitios superficiales activos hacia la producción de químicos C2+. Entre los resultados, demostré que la polarización impulsa la reducción de CO2, mientras un nuevo intermedio, el glioxilato desprotonado, mejora la selectividad hasta los C2+. En el capítulo VI me dediqué a efectos químicos que influencian la reactividad del cobre. Adatomos de azufre, que actúan como centros de anclaje, permiten la generación de formiato. Finalmente, en el Apéndice A introduje el efecto de los cationes sobre la reducción de CO2, que aún no se comprende completamente, pero tiene una clara relevancia en la distribución del producto.
CO2 reduction is the only process which can generate green fuels with a net negative impact in CO2 emissions. Therefore, the future development of our society needs an industrial scale up of this technology, involving the production of heavily used chemicals such as ethylene. Copper is a unique material for catalyzing these C2+ products, however significant advances need a deep theoretical understanding of the complexity of this material under CO2 reduction conditions. In this thesis I aimed at developing theoretical methods to address the main factors involved in this process: (i) surface reconstruction at negative potential; (ii) chemical effects on copper selectivity; and (iii) the effect of the electrolyte. Chapters I and II were dedicated to the motivations and methods. After having benchmarked in Chapter 3 well-established experimental results, such as the morphology dependence of CO2 product distribution on copper local morphology, I investigated the reconstruction of polycrystalline copper at negative potentials. This process is driven by local surface polarization, which destabilizes close-packed domains and promotes (100) facets and defects. Following theoretical guidelines, I synthesized an effective copper-based catalyst with produced ethylene at high yield and high current density. In Chapter V I studied a complex oxide-derived copper material to provide insights about copper oxidation state, its coordination and surface ensembles active toward C2+ chemicals. Among the outcomes, I demonstrated that polarization drives CO2 reduction activity, whilst a newly reported intermediate, a deprotonated glyoxylate, triggers C2+ selectivity. In chapter VI I dedicated to chemical effects on copper reactivity. Sulfur adatoms, acting as strong tethering centers enable the generation of formate, a chemical employed as preservative for animal food stock. Finally, in Appendix A I introduced cation effect on CO2 reduction, not yet fully understood but having a clear relevance on product distribution.
Möllersten, Kenneth. "Opportunities for CO2 Reductions and CO2-Lean Energy Systems in Pulp and Paper Mills." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Chemical Engineering and Technology, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3398.
Повний текст джерелаThe risk for climate change is a growing concern for theglobal society. According to what is known as the Kyoto Protocol,developed countries have committed themselves to reduce theirgreenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The purpose of this thesis hasbeen to analyse opportunities for CO2 reductions in Swedish pulpand paper mills. The pulp and paper industry accounts forsignificant shares of the Swedish utilisationof both electricityand, in particular, biomass fuels. In this thesis, it has been agoal to focus not only on the technical potential of alternativesfor CO2 reductions in the energy systems of pulp and paper mills,but also on analysing the costeffectiveness of the studiedmeasures. Moreover, the analysis has covered questions concerningthe capacity and willingness among the actors involved with thepulp and paper millsenergy systems to realise CO2reduction potentials.
A broad techno-economical evaluation of available technologiesfor increased power production as well as more efficient energyutilisation is carried out. Furthermore, a more indepth analysisof pulp mill-based biomass energy with CO2 removal and permanentsequestration (BECS) is presented. An evaluation is made of thepotential for pulp and paper production with a negative CO2balance through the implementation of BECS. In recent yearsoutside suppliers, mainly energy service companies (ESCOs), havebegun to operate energy facilities in some Swedish pulp and papermills. Based on interviews with managers from pulp and papercompanies and ESCOs, the main driving forces behind theincreasing co-operation as well as the opportunities and riskswith energy related co-operation are presented.
Furthermore, the technical possibility of carbon-negativitythrough the implementation of BECS is discussed in relation tocarbon management on both corporate and global levels. The extentto which CO2-reducing measures in pulp and paper mills arerealised will have an impact on Swedens capacity to reachCO2 reduction targets. Whether or not technologies for CO2capture and sequestration are developed and implemented inSwedish pulp mills has a very large impact on the size ofSwedens long-term CO2 reduction potential. Moreover, thedevelopment of business and competence focus in pulp and papercompanies and ESCOs suggests that cooperation will become ofincreasing importance for future sustainable industrial energymanagement.
Keywords:CO2 reduction, pulp and paper industry, energysystem, biomass, CO2 capture and sequestration, black liquor,gasification, power production, outsourcing, sustainable energymanagement
Pršlja, Paulina. "Theoretical Studies of Single-Site Catalysts for Efficient Electrochemical CO2 Reduction." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671468.
Повний текст джерелаEl desarrollo de la electroquímica tiene el potencial de utilizar el CO2 como materia prima para la producción sostenible de compuestos y materiales y tiene un gran impacto en la industria química. El catalizador “de sitio único” (single site catalyst) es un material prometedor para lograr una elevada actividad y selectividad hacia CO e hidrocarburos C1. La estructura única de este catalizador derivado de carbono reduce la competencia de estos procesos con otros procesos catalíticos como la reacción hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) porque el single site catalyst requiere la unión de hidrógeno en la parte superior. En esta tesis, métodos DFT y conceptos electroquímicos computacionales han sido aplicados para entender los procesos de reducción de CO2. En el capítulo 3 se describe la importancia de las características estructurales del single site catalyst, además de los conceptos relacionados con la química de coordinación que se aplican para comprender la actividad del catalizador en la reacción electroquímica de reducción de CO2 (eCO2RR). El objetivo del capítulo 4 es establecer correlaciones experimentales y teóricas entre las propiedades fisicoquímicas y catalíticas para la eCO2RR hacia CO para el catalizador del MNC. El proceso de reconstrucción de las nanopartículas de Ni mediante la desintegración de Ni(CO)2 en materiales de carbono dopados con N se describe en el capítulo 5. Por último, en el capítulo 6 se describe la selectividad de los productos de reducción de CO2 teniendo en cuenta cómo afecta el potencial y la temperatura sobre el catalizador modelado de CoTPP/MWCNT.
The development of electrochemistry has the potential to use CO2 as a feedstock for the sustainable production of chemicals and materials and it has an important impact on the chemical industry. Single site catalyst is a promising new material for achieving high activity and selectivity towards CO and C1 hydrocarbons. The unique structure of carbon-based catalyst makes it a good compressor of competing Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) because the single site requires an ontop binding of hydrogen. In this thesis, I applied DFT methods and computational electrochemical concepts for understanding the processes of CO2 reduction (eCO2RR). In chapter 3 I described the importance of single-site structural features catalyst, besides the basic concept of the coordination chemistry that is applied to understand eCO2RR activity of the catalyst. The aim of chapter 4 was to establish experimental and theoretical correlations between physicochemical and catalytic properties for the eCO2RR towards CO for MNC catalyst. The process of reconstruction of Ni nanoparticles by the disintegration of Ni(CO)2 on N-doped carbon materials is described in chapter 5. Finally, in chapter 6 I unraveled the selectivity of CO2 reduction products that were influenced by potential and the temperature over modeled CoTPP/MWCNT catalyst.
Neri, G. "The electro- and photochemical reduction of CO2 mediated by molecular catalysts." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2016. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3007220/.
Повний текст джерелаMeredith, Sylvia. "Synthesis of a Zinc Dipyrrin Complex for Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/645.
Повний текст джерелаRuiz, Valencia Azariel. "A new microbiological way for CO2 reduction : from discovery to development." Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ENCM0002.
Повний текст джерелаAt the European Institute of Membranes, a new microbiological process for CO2 reduction into formate was discovered. The first objective of this PhD work was to reproduce the CO2 reduction tests in reference conditions, with a new biocatalyst vial ordered to the same strain provider as for the prior trials at the Lab. However, these tests did not allow to reiterate the results obtained previously, i.e. formate production. A strain mutation was suspected and the strain that was stored during the preliminary tests was thus implemented. Nevertheless, new reproducibility problems were encountered. A biochemical analysis revealed finally that the strain assumed to catalyze the CO2 reduction was in consortium with other bacteria. In parallel, a reliable methodology based on CO2 labelling by 13C and NMR monitoring was developed at the Lab to follow 13CO2 assimilation. The different strains were isolated and tested separately regarding CO2 reduction. The NMR analysis demonstrated that the principal contamination, whose presence was unexpected, was the true biocatalyst of the 13CO2 reduction into 13C-formate.The 13C-formate was then quantified by a GC-MS method that was developed at the Lab. The effects of different reaction parameters on the reaction performances were thereafter investigated. These tests allowed notably to evidence an intracellular enzymatic system that could catalyze the CO2 reduction and to identify the possible electron donor. Indeed, addition of Poly-3-HydroxyButyrate (PHB) in the bacterial suspension enhanced significantly the formate production, suggesting that this energy storage polymer could be the electron source required for the CO2 reduction.Nevertheless, this intracellular PHB stock, formed during the bacteria culture step, is finite and can be exhausted during the reaction. This explains why the ability of the biocatalyst to recover electrons from a polarized cathode for CO2 reduction was assessed. Preliminary tests demonstrated the feasibility of this bio-electrochemical approach by the establishment of a CO2-dependant reduction current in a bio-electrolyzer. Current densities from 1.2 to 3.2 A·m-2 were obtained, which corresponds to volumetric flows of reduced CO2 ranging from 12 to 30 mL CO2·(g dry-cell)-1·d-1. Up to now, this new bioprocess was operated over 25 day. Regarding literature, this bioprocess is particularly interesting because (i) the volumetric flow of reduced CO2 is significant and (ii) no adding of cofactor, organic molecules, H2 or photons to the reaction medium is required
Arar, Joseph I. "A model to evaluate CO2 emission reduction strategies in the US." The Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1186020342.
Повний текст джерелаEzeh, Collins Izuchukwu. "Novel materials for CO2 adsorption and reduction to methanol via hydrogenation." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/48570/.
Повний текст джерелаDay, Alex. "Gas Chromatography Analysis of CO2 Reduction Photocatalysis with Zinc Dipyrrin Complexes." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/498.
Повний текст джерелаZhang, Xizi. "Understanding Electrochemical CO2 Reduction using Polycrystalline Au Electrode in WiS Electrolyte." Thesis, Boston College, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:107947.
Повний текст джерелаElectrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CRR) provides a solution to both the increasing global demand of energy by forming valuable chemical products for fuel production, and global warming by reducing the amount of CO2 in the environment. To efficiently reduce CO2, we sought to understand the reaction mechanism using a polycrystalline Au electrode and the super concentrated LiTFSI solution (WiS) as the electrolyte. By varying both the electrolytic potential and the concentration of WiS, we investigated the factors determining product selectivity and found that reaction kinetics and mass transport together direct the selectivity towards CO. We probed the rate limiting step (RLS) of CO2 reduction by observing the variation of product distribution with water availability in solution, and discovered that the RLS was likely to involve only a single electron transfer to form COO*–. Lastly, we proposed that in WiS, H2O were the dominant proton sources for both CO2 reduction and H2 evolution reactions. In 21m WiS, the competing hydrogen evolution reaction was kinetically inhibited, so CO production was favored with a selectivity of 90% at a potential as early as -0.4V vs RHE. This study demonstrated the great potential of WiS as a platform for studying multi-proton, multi-electron transfer reactions
Thesis (BS) — Boston College, 2018
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Scholar of the College
Discipline: Chemistry
Alghamdi, Ahlam. "Exploring New Applications of Group 7 Complexes for Catalytic and CO2 Reduction Using Photons or Electrochemistry." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35234.
Повний текст джерелаHuang, Shiow-Jing. "Study of copper underpotential deposition on Au and Pt disk electrode and electrocatalyst." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1323447585.
Повний текст джерелаLou, Yaoyin. "Electrochemical processes as a pre-treatment step before biological treatment : Application to the removal of organo-halogenated compounds." Thesis, Rennes, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ENCR0057.
Повний текст джерелаElectrochemical process coupling with a biological treatment is a promising alternative for the degradation of biorecalcitrant organo-halogenated compounds in the environment. The electroreduction treatment, known to cut selectively carbon-halogen bonds, was first implemented to decrease the toxicity of the target molecules and increase their biodegradability before a complete mineralization of the pollutants by a biological treatment. To improve the dechlorination efficiency, the cathode was modified by silver nanoparticles after a previous nickelisation, since silver is considered as one of the best electrocatalysts to selectively cleave the carbonhalogen bond. The graphite felt was chosen as the electrode support due to its high specific surface area. For alachlor herbicide, deschloroalachlor, the main by-product after dechlorination, was still biorecalcitrant. To overcome this issue, electro-Fenton treatment, in which hydroxyl radicals were generated to degrade the target pollutants, was implemented. Significant improvement of biodegradability of the alachlor solution was observed after electro-Fenton treatment, which was further improved when the chlorine atom was beforehand removed from the alachlor structure by the electroreduction process. Bismuth was also used as electrode support due to its high overpotential for hydrogen evolution. A high selectivity of chloroacetamide herbicides reduction was observed on the bismuth based cathode. As an extended application of the bismuth based cathode, the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide was performed on Bi electrode modified by silver nanoparticles
Goodman, Joseph. "Economic and technical study of carbon dioxide reduction technologies." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-10182006-153257/.
Повний текст джерелаKour, Gurpreet. "First principles investigations on transition metal based electrocatalysts for efficient clean energy conversion." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2022. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/232798/1/Gurpreet_Kour_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаKriescher, Stefanie M. A. Verfasser], Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] [Wessling, and Rüdiger-Albert [Akademischer Betreuer] Eichel. "Electrochemical CO2 reduction / Stefanie M. A. Kriescher ; Matthias Wessling, Rüdiger-Albert Eichel." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1125973048/34.
Повний текст джерелаWang, L. "Electrochemical and spectroscopic studies of copper oxide modified electrodes for CO2 reduction." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2016. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1532101/.
Повний текст джерелаParker, Simon. "Anchored photo-electro-catalysts for CO2 reduction based on transition metal complexes." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/13396/.
Повний текст джерелаOno, Takashi. "Second-Row Transition-Metal Complexes Relevant to CO2." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/276964.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis has been focused on the synthesis and characterization of a series of new mono- and dinuclear ruthenium complexes containing polypyridyl ligands. These complexes have been applied for the catalytic reactions, such as CO2 reduction and oxidation of water and organic substrate. In the first, the catalytic activities toward CO2 reduction have been investigated from the viewpoint of electronic and steric properties of the catalysts as well as their nuclearity. In the second, the application of mono- and dinuclear Ru-aqua complexes containing anionic tridentate ligand toward oxidation reaction has been studied. Additionally, a potential reactivity of molybdate dianion, which can be considered as homogeneous model of heterogeneous metal oxide catalysts for CO2 transformation has been studied.
Rasheed, Senan. "Photocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction with Zinc(II) Dipyrrin Photosensitizers and Iron Catalyst." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3730.
Повний текст джерелаWolff, Niklas von. "Reaction mechanisms of CO₂ activation and catalytic reduction." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS580.
Повний текст джерелаThe use of CO₂ as a C1 chemical feedstock for the fine chemical industry is interesting both economically and ecologically, as CO₂ is non-toxic, abundant and cheap. Nevertheless, transformations of CO₂ into value-added products is hampered by its high thermodynamic stability and its inertness toward reduction. In order to design new catalysts able to overcome this kinetic challenge, a profound understanding of the reaction mechanisms at play in CO₂ reduction is needed. Using novel N/Si+ frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs), the influence of CO₂ adducts and different hydroborane reducing agents on the reaction mechanism in the catalytic hydroboration of CO₂ were investigated, both by DFT calculations and experiments. In a second step, the reaction mechanism of a novel reaction for the creation of C–C bonds from CO₂ and pyridylsilanes (C₅H₄N–SiMe₃) was analyzed by DFT calculations. It was shown that CO₂ plays a double role in this transformation, acting both as a catalyst and a C1-building block. The fine understanding of this transformation then led to the development of a novel approach for the synthesis of sulfones and sulfonamides. Starting from SO₂ and aromatic silanes/amine silanes, these products were obtained in a single step under metal-free conditions. Noteworthy, sulfones and sulfonamides are common motifs in organic chemistry and found in a variety of highly important drugs. Finally, this concept was extended to aromatic halides as coupling partners, and it was thus shown for the first time that a sulfonylative Hiyama reaction is a possible approach to the synthesis of sulfones
Migliaccio, Luca. "Bimetallic catalysts for CO2 electroreduction." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/14470/.
Повний текст джерелаDilla, Martin [Verfasser], and Robert [Akademischer Betreuer] Schlögl. "Fundamental studies of photocatalytic CO2 reduction on TiO2 / Martin Dilla ; Betreuer: Robert Schlögl." Duisburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1191691284/34.
Повний текст джерелаBumroongsakulsawat, Palang. "Kinetics and scale-up of electrochemical reduction of aqueous CO2 at Sn Cathodes." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/23834.
Повний текст джерелаXu, Chaochen. "Transition Metal-Based Electrocatalysts for Highly Selective C02 Reduction." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/129118.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, 2020
Cheng, Yi-Hsin, and 鄭怡馨. "Cu2-xS Decorated on SnS2 Nanocomposite: Boosting up Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction by Surfactant Modification." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2mqsnf.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣科技大學
化學工程系
107
This study uses an artificial photosynthesis system to reduce carbon dioxide to hydrocarbons as an alternative energy source with an aim to improve the environmental and energy issues. In this study, the solvothermal method using Sn, Cu, S with different mixed surfactants was used to synthesize tin disulfide and copper sulfide. The energy band gap and position of the two materials are suitable for carbon dioxide reduction reaction, and the two semiconductor materials can be mixed as hetero-junctions. It can effectively separate electrons and holes after excitation, reduce the phenomenon of electron-hole radiation recombination, and make more excitons drift to the surface of the material for carbon dioxide reduction reaction. We use the surfactant and prove that it can increase the dispersibility of particles, enhance crystallinity, and improve the quantum efficiency of carbon dioxide reduction reaction. In this study, first we analyze the characteristics of crystal structure, composition, and optical properties, and then perform gas chromatography studio. We found that the hetero-structure of tin disulfide and copper sulfide can produce acetaldehyde and small amounts of ethanol and methanol. With the photochemical quantum conversion efficiency up to about 0.061%. The reaction quantum efficiency was optimized by controlling the mixing ratio of tin disulfide, copper disulfide and changing the surfactant. By mixing the surfactant with its hetero-structure, a higher yield of acetaldehyde product can be obtained effectively. Compared with different ratios, photochemical quantum conversion efficiency can be increased to 0.313% with tin sulfide and copper sulfide mixed in a ratio of 1:1:2 with the cationic surfactant CTAB. From this study, it is proved that p-n hetero-junction structure with surfactant can increase the uniformity and dispersion of tin disulfide and copper sulfide, enhance crystallinity, and improve the photocatalyst carbon dioxide reduction reaction effectively.
"CO2 Photocatalytic Reduction to Fuels." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.25145.
Повний текст джерелаDissertation/Thesis
M.S. Chemical Engineering 2014
Gante, Caruso Hernane. "Reduction of CO2 Emissions from Cement Plants." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/3005.
Повний текст джерелаTai, Chin-Chih, and 戴清智. "Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 and H2O." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41572345033592386664.
Повний текст джерела國立成功大學
環境工程學系
88
From the viewpoint of environmental problems, photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to valuable compounds has been a subject of extensive investigation. However, reduction of CO2 often requires severe operation conditions, e.g, high pressures and/or high temperatures [32]. Alternatively, photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide with hydrogen may also be accomplished by photoirradiation. Hydrogen is an important molecule not only as a clean-energy source but also a chemical reagent. Therefore, technique development for H2 production with less energy consumption is a crucial and important subject for creating a future energy-utilization system. Photoactive elements such as Zr, Ti, Cu and Zn were incorporated into MCM-41, ZSM-5 and ZSM-48 via the MW-accelerated synthesis process. These photocatalysts were also synthesized hydrothermally. By XRD, FT-IR, and UV-VIS spectroscopies and N2 physisorption studies, it is clear that the photoactive element was incorporated into MCM-41, ZSM-5 and ZSM-48. However, incorporation of photoactive element in ZSM-5 or ZSM-48 by the MW-accelerated synthesis processes was not effective. Experimentally, in a total reflection photoreactor, the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 with H2O on Zr-MCM-41 catalyst was highly enhanced. Photocatalytic decomposition of CO2 with H2O on Zr-MCM-41 yielded 68 μmol CO hr-1(g ZrO2)-1 and 108 μmol H2 hr-1(g ZrO2)-1, respectively. The photocatalytic reduction of CO2 with H2O on the Ti-MCM-41 catalyst was not as effective as that on Zr-MCM-41. Fine structures of the copper oxide clusters in MCM-41 and ZSM-48 in catalytic reduction of NO with benzene were studied by in-situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The EXAFS spectra of the copper oxides in MCM-41 indicated that about 3.037 nearest oxygen atoms bonded to the center copper atoms with a Cu-O bond distance of 1.89 A. Reduction of the catalyst in hydrogen at 573 K led to the formation of copper species with a Cu-Cu bond distance of 2.55 A. The coordination number (CN) of the reduced copper species in MCM-41 was 7.67 approximately. In the NO reduction process, Cu3O2 clusters were formed in the channels of MCM-41 via incorporation of oxygen into the metallic copper and cause the matrix disrupted. The Cu3O2 may be oxidized to Cu3O3 by NO with yield of N2 molecules.
Barradas, Sean. "CO2 activation and functionalization." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5754.
Повний текст джерелаAn Acinetobacter sp. strain RFB1 isolated in our laboratory has been shown to have the ability to metabolise inorganic cyanide salts, CO 2, and bicarbonate. The enzyme aggregate responsible for the conversion of these substrates, is located extra-cellularly. Resolution of the extra-cellular complex, a crude enzyme filtrate, was attempted in order to characterise the protein responsible for the reduction of CO 2. The crude enzyme filtrate was separated by means of molecular exclusion chromatography and afforded three fractions with molecular masses ranging from 76 000 to 191 000. Analysis by SDS-electrophoresis, showed that the first protein fraction contained more than ten proteins. Certain of these proteins were identified in the second fraction and other proteins in the third protein fraction. This implies that some denaturation already occurred during molecular exclusion separation. The functionali7ation of CO 2 by protein fractions 1 and 3 supports this argument, and, in addition , cyanide ions were only reduced by fractions 1 and 2. Fatty acids, ranging with chainlengths between C5 and C25, were shown to be present and certain fatty acids were unequivocally identified by GC-mass spectroscopy as the products resulting from CO2 functionali7ation and carbon-carbon bond formation. Ferrous ions, in an optimal concentration of 250 gg cm', were necessary and served as an essential ingredient of the reaction mixture. A rather unusual result was, however, that apart from an initial, relatively small uptake of Fe(II), significant amounts of Fe(III) were not formed and the Fe(II) concentration remained approximately constant during the reaction. This implies that the formed Fe(M) is rapidly reduced to Fe(II) again. Spectroscopic measurements, furthermore, strongly suggested the involvement of an iron-sulphur cluster in a cyclic redox process wherein both Fe(II) and Fe(III) are involved. Carefully conducted experiments pointed to light as the outside source of energy. Qualitative similarities with an artificial photosynthetic process, formulated earlier by J-M. Lehlliii, can be drawn and used partly to explain the experimental results.
Hsu, Hsin-Cheng, and 許新城. "Graphene Oxide Based Photocatalyst for CO2 Reduction." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79201113028210992482.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣科技大學
材料科學與工程系
102
Artificial photosynthesis is one of the solutions to solve global warming and mitigate the rising demands of energy consumption. Photocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) to hydrocarbons such as methanol makes possible simultaneous solar energy harvesting and CO2 reduction, resulting in solution for both the energy demands and environmental problems. This work describes a promising photocatalyst based on improved graphene oxides (iGOs), which have high photocatalytic conversion efficiency of CO2 to hydrocarbon fuels. Improved Hummer’s method has been applied to synthesize the GO based photocatalyst for the enhanced catalytic activity. The photocatalytic CO2 to methanol conversion rate on the pristine improved graphene oxide is 0.172 μmole g-1-cat. h-1 under visible light, which is four-fold higher than the pure TiO2 (P25). On the other hand, we have also synthesized a composite catalyst based on molybdenum disulfide-iGO system.The MoS2 nanosheet decorated improved graphene oxide (iGO) hybrid nanostructures are fabricated by a facial one-step hydrazine-assisted hydrothermal method. The photophysical properties of the synthesized photocatalysts have been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), UV-Vis spectrometer, Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Enhanced visible light-driven activity for the CO2 photoreduction to solar fuel has been achieved. The average apparent CO2 reduction to solar fuel formation rate of MoS2 nanosheet decorated iGO composite is more than 10 times higher than the pristine iGO; or 40 times that of TiO2 (P25). The MoS2 nanosheet decorated iGO composite nanostructures makes an outstanding contribution to the excellent photocatalytic CO2 reduction.
Baptista, Rita Helena Duarte. "Electrocatalysis of Formate Dehydrogenase Towards CO2 Reduction." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/110680.
Повний текст джерелаBento, Marcos António Martins. "CO2 Reduction with Formate Dehydrogenase mimetic compounds." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/115206.
Повний текст джерелаSilva, João Ricardo Gomes Vaz da. "Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 into renewable fuels." Master's thesis, 2015. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/89711.
Повний текст джерелаWei, Hsieh-Yu, and 魏謝宇. "Graphene oxide as photoctalyst for CO2 reduction." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66434866988277256907.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣科技大學
材料科學與工程系
100
In this study, we investigate different oxidation processes of graphene oxide. The original process follows the modified Hummer’s method for the synthesis of graphene oxide (H GO). We also used another process that replaces NaNO3 during oxidation reaction with H3PO4 and called it improved graphene oxide (I GO). We studied the relation between the operating parameters in the oxidation process and methanol yield from the photocatalytic reduction of CO2. In our experiment, CO2 and water vapor continuously flow into the stainless steel reactor. Then, a 300 W ELH lamp was used to irradiate the photocatalyst. The product was then analyzed using GC-FID. The main product of the experiment was found to be methanol. In the synthesis of the photocatalyst, we tried to tune the parameters of H GO by changing the amount of KMnO4 during oxidation process. While the amount of KMnO4 increases, the band gap and oxidation level of the GO increases. However, the methanol yield decreases during the photocatalytic reduction reaction. We also tried to tune the parameters of I GO by changing the amount of H3PO4 during oxidation process. Similarly, the amount of H3PO4 increases, the band gap and oxidation level also increases. Importantly, the methanol yield would increase during the photocatalytic reduction reaction. However, excessive H3PO4 passivates the oxidation reaction thus decreasing methanol yield during photocatalytic reduction reaction. We believe that in the I GO oxidation process, adding H3PO4 could avoid the formation of C=O defects on graphene oxide basal plane. Therefore, I GO process contains less defect formation on graphene oxide basal plane than H GO process. For the optimized conditions, triple H3PO4 treatment (I-3P GO) achieved larger oxidation level and less defect formation. It did not only enhance hydrophilic properties of the catalyst but also promote photocatalytic reduction reaction. In the photocatalytic reduction reaction, we determined that the methanol yield can achieve up to 0.124 μmol g-1 hr-1 using triple H3PO4 treatment (I-3P GO) catalyst. The methanol yield is three times that of TiO2, which is the conventional catalyst in CO2 photoreduction.
Silva, João Ricardo Gomes Vaz da. "Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 into renewable fuels." Dissertação, 2015. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/89711.
Повний текст джерела