Дисертації з теми "Breath sounds"
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Qiu, Yihong. "Measurement and analysis of breath sounds." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2003. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1676/.
Повний текст джерелаPELLEGRINI, RAFFAELLA. "Listen to my breath: Exploring expressive function of breathing sounds in imitation and emotional attunement." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1271.
Повний текст джерелаSeveral psycho-physiological studies have provided evidences about the reciprocal influence between respiration and psychological variables but few attentions have been brought to the investigation of the expressive function of breathing sounds. Study 1 aims to build a multilayer analysis model that enable an acoustic description of breathing sounds. Audio and video recordings of breathing of two pairs of participants engaged in individual and joint performance were conducted. 1903 were video and audio analyzed and 3 sets of indexes were derived: respiratory, acoustic and interactive (aimed to relate partner’s respiratory behaviour during joint performances). Study 2 investigates what could be inferred about a person’s identity, emotional state and activity from the sound of his/her breathing. Moreover, it aims to verify whether imitation of breathing patterns improve the identification of those features. Ecological recordings of breathing sounds of people engaged in 6 activities and 4 emotions. 90 participants listen to the tracks and answer a questionnaire about such variables. Other 90 mimicked the tracks before answering. Participants were able to infer valuable information about the aspects under investigation with better results in the imitation task. Study 3 aims to describe the acoustic features of 6 emotional breathing patterns (anger, fear, sadness, disgust, tenderness and joy) and to see whether breathing together could strengthen the attunement process. 20 pairs of women participated. For each emotion, within the pair one participant read a story emotionally connoted and breathes as if she actually was in that situation. Her partner had to convey her closeness breathing in the same way. Finally they filled in a questionnaire. Different respiratory patterns were related to each emotion. Moreover the task influenced several attunement dimensions: synchronization, emotional decoding, emotional experience and perception of interpersonal similarity.
PELLEGRINI, RAFFAELLA. "Listen to my breath: Exploring expressive function of breathing sounds in imitation and emotional attunement." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1271.
Повний текст джерелаSeveral psycho-physiological studies have provided evidences about the reciprocal influence between respiration and psychological variables but few attentions have been brought to the investigation of the expressive function of breathing sounds. Study 1 aims to build a multilayer analysis model that enable an acoustic description of breathing sounds. Audio and video recordings of breathing of two pairs of participants engaged in individual and joint performance were conducted. 1903 were video and audio analyzed and 3 sets of indexes were derived: respiratory, acoustic and interactive (aimed to relate partner’s respiratory behaviour during joint performances). Study 2 investigates what could be inferred about a person’s identity, emotional state and activity from the sound of his/her breathing. Moreover, it aims to verify whether imitation of breathing patterns improve the identification of those features. Ecological recordings of breathing sounds of people engaged in 6 activities and 4 emotions. 90 participants listen to the tracks and answer a questionnaire about such variables. Other 90 mimicked the tracks before answering. Participants were able to infer valuable information about the aspects under investigation with better results in the imitation task. Study 3 aims to describe the acoustic features of 6 emotional breathing patterns (anger, fear, sadness, disgust, tenderness and joy) and to see whether breathing together could strengthen the attunement process. 20 pairs of women participated. For each emotion, within the pair one participant read a story emotionally connoted and breathes as if she actually was in that situation. Her partner had to convey her closeness breathing in the same way. Finally they filled in a questionnaire. Different respiratory patterns were related to each emotion. Moreover the task influenced several attunement dimensions: synchronization, emotional decoding, emotional experience and perception of interpersonal similarity.
Sabarinathan, Ranjani. "Development of a Software Application to Extract the Features of Normal Respiratory Sounds from the Lungs and the Trachea." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/1838.
Повний текст джерелаZwiebel, Alicia A. "Limited view sound speed imaging for breast cancer detection." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1377866373.
Повний текст джерелаGerson, Ian. "The Break." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5481.
Повний текст джерелаMassich, i. Vall Joan. "Deformable object segmentation in ultra-sound images." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/128329.
Повний текст джерелаEn aquest treball, es proposa un sistema automàtic per generar delineacions acurades de lesions de mama en imatges d’ultrasò. El sistema proposat planteja el problema de trobar la delineació corresponent a la minimització d’un sistema probabilístic multiclasse mitjançant el tall de mínim cost del graf que representa la imatge. El sistema representa la imatge com un conjunt de regions i infereix una classe per cada una d’aquestes regions a partir d’uns models estadístics obtinguts d’unes imatges d’entrenament. El principal avantatge del sistema és que divideix la tasca en subtasques més fàcils d’adreçar i després soluciona el problema de forma global
Devignes, Claire-Sophie. "Hypoxia signaling in osteoblast lineage cells promotes Systemic breast cancer growth and metastasis." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC325.
Повний текст джерелаBone metastasis involves dynamic interplay between tumor cells and thelocal stromal environment. In bones, local hypoxia and activation of the hypoxiainducible factor (HIF)-1alpha in osteoblasts are essential to maintain skeletalhomeostasis. However, the role of osteoblast-specific HIF signaling in cancermetastasis is unknown. Here we show that osteoprogenitor cells (OPC) are locatedin hypoxic niches in the bone marrow, and that activation of HIF signaling in thesecells increases bone mass and favors breast cancer metastasis to bone locally.Remarkably, HIF signaling in osteoblast lineage cells also promotes breast cancergrowth and dissemination remotely, in the lungs and in other tissues distant frombones. Mechanistically, we found that activation of HIF signaling in OPC increasesblood levels of the chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 12 (CXCL12), which leads to asystemic increase of breast cancer cell proliferation and dissemination, throughdirect activation of the CXCR4 receptor. Hence, our data reveal a previouslyunrecognized role of the hypoxic osteogenic niche in promoting tumorigenesisbeyond the local bone microenvironment. They also indicate that alterations inbone formation can affect breast cancer progression, and support the concept thatthe skeleton is an important regulator of the systemic tumor environment
Auvinen, Kim. "Hur gestalats kvinnors sociala handlingsutrymme genom karaktären Maria? : Episka perspektiv på Hagar Olsson pjäs S.O.S: save our souls." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-43946.
Повний текст джерелаTian, Lu. "Isolement et caractérisation de cellules souches cancéreuses dans un modèle murin de tumorigénèse mammaire." Thesis, Lille 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL2S001/document.
Повний текст джерелаBreast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. The isolation and characterization of breast cancer stem cells (CSC) are crucial for understanding cancer biology and revealing potential therapeutic targets. One of the major issues in the study of CSC is the lack of reliable markers. A transgenic mouse model (Tg 11.5kb–GFP) was generated using the 11.5kb s-SHIP (stem-SH2-containing 5’-Inositol Phosphatase) promoter that specifically expressed enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP) in embryonic and various tissue stem cells. In the mammary gland, previous experiments showed that GFP labels puberty cap cells and pregnancy basal alveolar bud cells, and it has been demonstrated that these mammary GFP+ cells are activated tissue stem cells. In order to determine if s-SHIP promoter expression could also mark mammary cancer stem cells, we generated a bi-transgenic mouse model by crossing Tg 11.5kb-GFP mice with Tg C3(1)/Tag mice. Tg C3(1)/Tag mice express SV40 T antigen under the regulatory control of the rat prostatic steroid binding protein C3(1) gene. In female mice, the transgene is expressed primarily in the mammary gland. Mice develop mammary hyperplasia by 3 months of age with subsequent development of mammary adenocarcinoma by 6 months of age.Here we show the presence of a rare population of GFP+ cells, which are also CD24+/CD49f+/CD29+ in mammary tumors of female bi-transgenic mice. As compared to GFP- cells, GFP+ cells exhibit both a higher tumor sphere-forming potential, and a higher tumorigenicity when transplanted into SCID and FVB recipient mice. Moreover, upon subsequent transplantation, the GFP+ cells generated heterogeneous tumors that displayed properties similar to the primary tumor. Transcriptomic analysis of these GFP+ vs GFP- cells revealed several differentially expressed genes including one protein implicated in the Notch pathway. In addition, from the murine mammary tumor, I have derived a cell line containing a s-SHIP/GFP+ subpopulation that shows resistance to chemotherapy and radiation. I have further studied this subpopulation and found that synuclein gamma could confer radiation resistance to breast cancer cells. Altogether, these results demonstrate that s-SHIP promoter expression is a marker of mammary CSC that enables their identification and isolation via a single consistent parameter
Ahmad, Fahmida. "Modelling heterogeneity of triple-negative breast cancer in mice to uncover and target signaling essentiality." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0225.
Повний текст джерелаTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive, heterogeneous breast cancer subtype, and has currently no effective treatment. The aim of my PhD project was to understand the mechanisms triggering TNBC and to develop new therapeutic approaches.In our lab, we have generated a unique mouse model (MMTV-R26Met mice) in which a subtle increase in the expression levels of the wild-type MET receptor tyrosine kinase leads to spontaneous, exclusive TNBC formation. This model recapitulates formation of lung metastasis, resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic agents and to a set of combined targeted molecular therapies.Proteomic profiling of MMTV-R26Met tumors and machine learning approach showed that the MMTV-R26Met model largely recapitulates TNBC heterogeneity observed in TNBC patients. We identified two new drug combinations highly deleterious for the MMTV-R26Met tumor-derived cell lines, and a panel of human TNBC cells. The first drug combination targets the anti-apoptotic factor BCL-XL and CDK1/2 (cell cycle regulators). The second drug combination, validated by in vivo studies, is based on a combinatorial targeting of BCL-XL and of WEE1 (cell cycle and epigenetic regulator). Mechanistically, we show that combined inhibition of WEE1 and BCL-XL leads to DNA damage, premature entry into mitosis, resulting in mitotic catastrophe and apoptosis.Our findings may be highly relevant for their potential translation to the clinic, also in view of promising studies of monotherapy with BCL-XL and WEE1 inhibitors in phase II clinical trials
Oliveira, Silvana Pinheiro de. "CÃncer de mama: AvaliaÃÃo da concordÃncia imaginolÃgica e estudo anatomopatolÃgico apÃs quimioterapia neoadjuvante." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2005. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=197.
Повний текст джерелаO cÃncer de mama (CM) à um problema de saÃde pÃblica mundial. Uma em cada oito mulheres terà cÃncer de mama, tornando-se assim a neoplasia mais freqÃente entre as mulheres. O cÃncer de mama està ligado à identidade feminina no tocante a sua potÃncia orgÃstica e a sua sensualidade. Elaborar estratÃgicas cirÃrgicas confiÃveis pouco agressivas e menos multilantes tem sido busca de respostas a muitas pesquisas. Objetivo: O presente estudo visou avaliar a concordÃncia do volume tumoral entre a avaliaÃÃo anatomopatolÃgica e os mÃtodos de diagnÃstico por imagem dedicados a mama: Mamografia (MX), Ultra-som (US) e RessonÃncia magnÃtica (RMM), em mulheres com cÃncer de mama localmente avanÃado, submetidas à quimioterapia neoadjuvante. Pacientes e MÃtodos: Foram analisadas 95 mulheres portadoras de neoplasia mamÃria oriundas dos ambulatÃrios da Maternidade Escola Assis Chateaubriant (MEAC), Centro Regional e Integrado de Oncologia (CRIO) e Instituto do CÃncer do Cearà (ICC), no perÃodo de marÃo de 2003 a marÃo de 2005. Estas pacientes foram divididas em dois grupos. Grupo Tratamento (GT) com n=46 e Grupo Controle (GC) com n=49. Realizou-se anÃlise nÃo paramÃtrica correlacionando as variÃveis estudadas com o padrÃo ouro, ou seja, a anatomia patolÃgica. Os resultados mostraram concordÃncia na anÃlise volumÃtrica dos mÃtodos imaginolÃgicos e o padrÃo-ouro no GT nos seguintes percentuais: RMM: 0,70; US: 0,63 e MX: 0,42. Quando comparado ao grupo controle os valores encontrados foram RMM: 0,72; US: 0,70 e MX: 0,41. ConclusÃo: A RMM deteve os maiores valores de concordÃncia volumÃtrica em percentuais semelhantes nos dois grupos (GT e GC) e a MX, mÃtodo de imagem mais difundido, ofereceu os menores Ãndices de concordÃncia imaginolÃgica quando comparado com a avaliaÃÃo anatomopatolÃgica. A US apresentou valores de concordÃncia volumÃtrica satisfatÃria quando, comparada a RMM, devendo ressaltar que se trata de mÃtodo operador dependente.
The cancer of breast (CB) it is a problem of world public health. One in each eight women will have cancer of breast, becoming like this the most frequent neoplasia among the women. CB it is tied up the feminine identity concerning its potency of orgasm and her sensuality. To elaborate surgical strategic reliable not very aggressive and less mutilate has been search of answers to many researches. Objective: The present study was to evaluate the agreement of the volume of tumor to the evaluation anatomopathological and the diagnosis methods for image dedicated to he/she suckles her: Mammography (MX), Ultra-sound (US) and magnetic Resonance (RMM), in women with cancer of breast locally advanced, submitted to the neoadjuvante chemotherapy. Patient and Methods: 95 women carriers of mammary neoplasia originating from of the national health clinics of the Maternity Escola Assis Chateaubriant (MEAC), Center Regional and Integrated of Oncology (CRIO) and Institute of Cancer of Cearà (ICC) were analyzed at the period of 2003 March to 2005 March. These patient ones were divided in two groups. Treatment Group (TG) with n=46 and Control Group (CG) with n=49. Non parametric analysis correlating the variables was compared with the standard gold, the anatomopathological analysis. Results: The data showed agreement in it analyzes at volumÃtrica of the imaginolÃgicos methods and the pattern-gold in TG in the following percentages: RMM: 0.70; US: 0.63 and MX: 0.42, when compared to the control group, where were found values of RMM: 0.72; US: 0.70 and MX: 0.41. Conclusion: RMM stopped the largest values of agreement volumÃtrica in percentile similar in the two groups (GT and GC) and MX, spread image method, offered the smallest indexes of agreement imaginolÃgica when compared with the evaluation anatomopathological. US presented values of agreement satisfactory volumÃtrica when, compared RMM, should stand out that is method dependent operator.
Pérez, lanzón María. "Modeling Hormone Receptor Positive Breast Cancer in Immunocompetent Mice Blocking tumor-educated MSC paracrine activity halts osteosarcoma progression Organoids for Modeling Genetic Diseases. In: International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology A preclinical mouse model of osteosarcoma to define the extracellular vesicle-mediated communication between tumor and mesenchymal stem cells Failure of immunosurveillance accelerates aging The metabolomic signature of extreme longevity: Naked mole rats versus mice Lurbinectedin synergizes with immune checkpoint blockade to generate anticancer immunity Laminin-binding integrins are essential for the maintenance of functional mammary secretory epithelium in lactation Immunoprophylactic and immunotherapeutic control of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASL019.
Повний текст джерелаProgress in breast cancer research relies on the availability of suitable cell lines that can be implanted in immunocompetent laboratory mice. The best explored mouse strain, C57Bl/6, is also the only one for which multiple genetic variants are available. Driven by the fact that no hormone receptor-positive C57Bl/6-derived mammary carcinoma cell lines are available, we decided to establish such cell lines. Breast cancers were induced in female C57BL/6 mice using a synthetic progesterone analogue combined with a DNA damaging agent. Cell lines were established from these tumors and selected for dual (estrogen + progesterone) receptor positivity, as well as transplantability into C57BL/6 females. One cell line, which we called MD5,fulfilled these criteria and allowed for the establishment of poorly differentiated, highly proliferative, immune cold tumors. Such tumors reduced their growth (though did not regress) upon treatment with estrogen receptor antagonists, as well as with anthracyline-based chemotherapy. However, the latter effect was not influenced by T cell depletion and MD tumors failed to respond to PD-1 blockade, suggesting that they are immunologically cold. In conclusion, C57BL/6-derived MD5 cells constitute a model of poor prognosis hormone receptor-positive breast cancer
Gao, Jiayin. "Interdependence between Tones, Segments, and Phonation types in Shanghai Chinese : acoustics, articulation, perception, and evolution." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA057.
Повний текст джерелаThis study bears on the phonetic correlates of the yin vs. yang tone registers of Shanghai Chinese as spoken in Shanghai urban area. Our acoustic, articulatory, and perceptual investigations showed that beside F0, multidimensional cues, such as voicing (voiced for yang vs. voiceless for yin), duration pattern (low C/V ratio for yang vs. high C/V ratio for yin), and phonation type (breathy for yang vs. modal for yin) enter in the specification of tone register. Among all these cues, we attempt to distinguish the redundant features related to coarticulatory effects from those that are remnants of diachronic changes. In particular, the breathy voice accompanying yang tones, which was a distinctive feature in a previous state of the language and has now become a redundant feature, arose from a tonal evolution, namely the transphonologization of a voicing contrast into a tone register contrast, that is, the “tone split.” We propose that the loss of a redundant arisen from a diachronic change may be very slow if that feature does not oppose to coarticulatory effects and/or if that feature has a perceptual function.Based on the synchronic data from the speakers of two generations (20-30 years vs. 60-80 years), we find a trend toward the loss of this breathy phonation. We also find that this evolution is more advanced in women than men of the same age. In our study, we try to explain this change by internal factors as well as by external factors
Coquereau, Laura. "Production sonore des invertébrés benthiques d’habitats côtiers tempérés : diversité et utilisation potentielle en écologie marine." Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0094.
Повний текст джерелаBiological sound production, as studied by passive acoustics, should be considered as a complementary method to study the effect of anthropogenic disturbances on coastal systems. While sounds emitted by marine mammals and fish are well documented, those from benthic invertebrates are poorly described, although they can play key roles in marine ecosystems. The main goal of this PhD work was to evaluate the suitability of passive acoustics as an ecological tool based on sound production by benthic invertebrates living in temperate coastal habitats, and particularly in maerl beds of the Bay of Brest.We highlighted the existence of interesting soniferous species that appear to be good candidates to monitor in the field. This work also showed the important contribution of some benthic invertebrates to the underwater soundscape, suggesting that benthic sounds should not be attributed only to snapping shrimps. The second part of this PhD thesis emphasized that changes in benthic invertebrate sound production, at individual or collective scales, provides valuable information on the detection of stress such as a toxic algal blooms or the impact of dredging. Thus, the number of soniferous movements made by the great scallop doubles in the presence of high concentrations of toxic algae, and the soundscape of heavily fished maerl beds is three times quieter and less complex than preserved ones. The results of this PhD thesis, which are discussed in the context of tool development for the assessment of marine ecosystem health, raise new working hypotheses in marine ecology
Melchior, Chloé. "Role du fructose dans la physiopathologie du syndrome de l'intestin irritable." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR029/document.
Повний текст джерелаFructose intake has increased by up to 50 g per day in the USA and Western Europe. Fructose is increasingly incorporated in beverages, dairy products and canned, baked or processed foods worldwide. Fructose has been shown to trigger or worsen digestive symptoms not only in healthy volunteers, but also in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. The involvement of visceral hypersensitivity has been suspected but has never been assessed. The prevalence of fructose malabsorption in patients with irritable bowel syndrome in Western Europe remains poorly documented, due to the heterogeneity of available tests. Therefore, the first objective of this present work was to assess the prevalence of fructose malabsorption in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. We assessed fructose malabsorption with a fructose breath test, after a 25 g load. We systematically ruled out small intestinal bacterial overgrowth which could promote false positive. In our irritable bowel syndrome patients, 22% had fructose malabsorption. Young, male patients were more likely to have fructose malabsorption. We also assessed the association between fructose malabsorption and other abnormalities. We did not observe any association between low-grade inflammation (with faecal calprotectin dosage) or fructose malabsorption. In contrast, an association between fructose malabsorption and visceral hypersensitivity was evidenced. Low fructose diet is known to improve symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. The presence of fructose malabsorption could be predictive of the efficacy of a low fructose diet. The second objective of this work was to determine if an abnormal fructose breath test was a predictor of symptomatic response to low fructose diet in irritable bowel syndrome. Our study has confirmed the efficacy of low fructose diet on irritable bowel syndrome. However, the results of the fructose breath test had no impact on its efficacy. One explanation for this result could be the presence of other abnormalities (including visceral hypersensitivity) that were not addressed only with a diet. The last objective of this work was to model fructose malabsorption in mice, in order to identify the underlying mechanisms. We used three models of fructose malabsorption (high fructose diet, invalidation of GLUT5 and GLUT2 coding gene). In these models, fructose malabsorption induced visceral hypersensitivity and increased intestinal permeability, the two abnormalities being reported in irritable bowel syndrome. In our models, there was no low-grade inflammation. Increased elastase activity in mice faeces was associated with visceral hypersensitivity. Protease-activated receptor-2 is known to be associated with visceral hypersensitivity and increases intestinal permeability. Further works are warranted to determine the involvement of protease-activated receptor-2 in fructose malabsorption-associated visceral hypersensitivity. The results of this work underlined the role of fructose malabsorption in irritable bowel syndrome, in the onset of visceral hypersensitivity and increased intestinal permeability. A low fructose diet is not helpful to improve symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome with fructose malabsorption
Benzaid, Ismahène. "Étude de l’effet des bisphosphonates sur l’activité anti-tumorale des lymphocytes T Vγ9Vδ2 humains". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO10288.
Повний текст джерелаVγδ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes are involved in the immune response against several pathogens and tumoral cells. They recognize non-peptidic, low molecular weight soluble antigens, so called phosphoantigens. In this context, isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) and a metabolite of ATP (ApppI) are phosphoantigens which accumulate in many cells following the inhibition by amino-bisphosphonates of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS), a key enzyme in the mevalonate pathway. Bisphosphonates are commonly used in the clinic for the treatment and prevention of complications associated with malignant osteolysis. Preclinical studies demonstrate that bisphosphonates (in particular amino-bisphosphonates) also have direct and indirect anti-tumor activity. They are able to block different functions in tumor cells, such as adhesion, invasion and proliferation, by inhibiting FPPS activity. Bisphosphonates also act on endothelial cells and inhibit tumor angiogenesis. Amino-bisphosphonates also activate the cytotoxic activity of Vγδ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes against tumor cells. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for this activation are still unknown. In the present thesis, we first demonstrate that amino-bisphosphonates (e.g. zoledronate and risedronate) induce the accumulation of IPP and ApppI in different human breast cancer cell lines and that a correlation exists between the levels of IPP/ApppI production and the capacity of Vγδ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes to destroy tumor cells in vitro. We then demonstrate that the treatment of immunodeficient NOD-SCID mice with amino-bisphosphonates stimulates the differentiation of Vγδ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells injected intraperitoneally in animals. Following their expansion, the T lymphocytes are then able to infiltrate subcutaneous mammary tumors, which were grafted in treated animals. This infiltration of γδ T lymphocytes arises only when the tumors produce IPP/ApppI, resulting in the regression of tumor growth in NOD-SCID mice. The infiltration of tumors by human Vγδ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes is explained by the capacity of IPP and ApppI to stimulate the migration of γδ T lymphocytes. Vγδ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes then interact with tumor cells through a mechanism involving ICAM-I and several secretion factors (i.e. interferon γ, perforine) which are cytotoxic for tumor cells. Thus, our work demonstrates that amino-bisphosphonates could be useful for breast cancer immunotherapy
Vallerand, David. "Etude du stroma de tumeurs mammaires humaines xénogreffées et de modèles transgéniques murins." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA11T001.
Повний текст джерелаTumor development is a multi-step process influencing by interactions between tumor cells and surrounding stroma. Breast cancer development involves a high level of communication between mammary epithelial cells, inflammatory cells, myofibroblasts and endothelial cells. So, the tumoral microenvironment appears as a prime target for anti-tumoral treatment. The use of preclinical models is a critical step in development and validation processes of new therapies. Nevertheless, the role of stroma in these models is poorly understood.In order to evaluate stromal cell populations in breast cancer preclinical models, we combined flow cytometry analysis and immunohistochemistry to identify, and then quantify, various stromal populations as hematopoietic cells (lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages, polymorphonuclear leukocytes) and non-hematopoietic cells (myofibroblasts, endothelial cells). Twenty-one breast cancer patient-derived xenografts as well as 2 transgenic mouse models (MMTV-PyMT and MMTV-ErbB2), and their respective allografts, were studied.Analysis of human and murine tumors showed a strong heterogeneity between tumors regarding infiltrating stroma-cells, with a high proportion of macrophages. A significant amount of polymorphonuclear leukocytes was also detected in PDXs, indicating a local inflammation in these models. The phenotypic analysis of macrophages showed a variable expression of M1 and M2 markers in PDXs. Macrophages infiltrating transgenic mouse tumors, spontaneous or allografted, were mainly M1. Transcriptomic analyses of sorted macrophages, allowed us to validate previous results but also highlighted major differences in the expression of numerous genes implicated in various pathways as tumor growth, invasion and metastasis.Finally, this study highlighted the impact of tumor cells on their surrounding stroma. Indeed, we demonstrate that cancer cells are able to attract a specific panel of stromal cells and activate them in a specific way
Huq, Saiful. "Automatic breath phase detection using only tracheal breath sounds." 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/5242.
Повний текст джерелаYadav, Shivani. "Analysis of vocal sounds in asthmatic patients." Thesis, 2022. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/5891.
Повний текст джерелаLi, Xin-Ying, and 李欣穎. "Combined Use of Speech and Bronchial Breath Sounds Acquired by Stethoscope for Person Identification." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/kkcnbx.
Повний текст джерела國立臺北科技大學
電子工程系
106
This work aims to identify patients by their body sounds acquired with stethoscopes. Bronchial breath sounds are one type of body sounds, which can be picked up by a stethoscope. They are formed by glottic or tracheal or main bronchi and are inhaled or exhaled through the mouth and nose. Individuals produce distinctive bronchial breath sounds, which therefore can be used for identifying and distinguishing patients. On the other hand, considering that stethoscopes can also capture the patient’s voice, and thus both bronchial sounds and human voices can be used together to perform patient identification, when the equipment is placed in the bronchial position. In this study, respiratory and articulation sounds of the neck bronchi were collected. By calculating their Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients and using the Gaussian mixture model to determine the identity, we further used “I-Vector & LDA” method to improve the accuracy of identity recognition. This method can achieve a recognition accuracy of 96.87% under the database test of 16 subjects.
Yap, Yee Leng. "Respiratory airflow estimation from tracheal breath sound." 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/19819.
Повний текст джерелаTHUAN, TRAN VAN, and TRAN VAN THUAN. "Speech and Breath-Sound-Based Person Identification with Sparse Training Data." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/tpzt27.
Повний текст джерела國立臺北科技大學
電資國際專班
107
This study aims to develop a person identification (PID) system based on combined use of bronchial breath sounds and speech signals acquired by stethoscope. Two major methods, including support vector machines, and artificial neural networks are evaluated in the task of breath-sound-based PID. With the consideration of convenience, the amount of sound data collected from each person should be as small as possible, and hence the performance of PID may be limited, when the sound data for training the system is insufficient. To boost the performance of PID with sparse training data, this work studies data augmentation (DA) techniques that avoid the system training process from the overfitting problem. In addition, Feature engineering techniques are utilized to find the informative subset of breath sound features which is beneficial for PID. Our experimental data is provided by 16 volunteers, including equal number of male and female participants. In test phase, Both Support vector machine in combined with feature selection and Artificial Neural Networks approaches yielded the comparable accuracies of 98%.
Crawley, Ashon. "Black Sacred Breath: Historicity, Performance and the Aesthetics of BlackPentecostalism." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7215.
Повний текст джерела"Black Sacred Breath: Historicity, Performance and the Aesthetics of BlackPentecostalism" considers are the aesthetic practices found in BlackPentecostalism, a multiracial, multi-class, multi-national Christian sect that began in Los Angeles, California in 1906 to argue that the aesthetic practices are the condition of possibility for a performative assessment and antiphonal criticism of normative theology and philosophy. Indeed, the history of these performances is an atheological-aphilosophical project, produced against the grain of liberal logics of subjectivity. By showing that theology and philosophy were abstractions of thought that produced the conceptual body as the target of racialization, the atheological-aphilosophical couplet indexes modes of intellectual practice that engulf and exceed such reductivism. BlackPentecostalism is a social, musical, intellectual form of new life, predicated upon the necessity of ongoing new beginnings. The religious practices I analyze produce a range of common sensual experiences: of "shouting" as dance; "testimony" and "tarry service" as song and praise noise; "whooping" (ecstatic, eclipsed breath) that occurs in praying and preaching; as well as, finally, "speaking in tongues." I ultimately argue that these aesthetic practices and sensual experiences are not only important objects of study for those interested in alternative modes of social organization, but they also yield a general hermeneutics, a methodology for reading culture.
During the antebellum era, both clergy and scholars alike levied incessant injunctions against loud singing and frenzied dancing in religion and popular culture. Calling for the relinquishment of these sensual spiritual experiences, I argue that these framing injunctions led to a condition where BlackPentecostal aesthetics, even in the much later institutional Black Studies, were and are thought as excessive performances. "Black Sacred Breath" investigates how discourses that emerged within the cauldron of spatiotemporal triangular trades in coffee, tea, sugar and human flesh of Transatlantic slavery necessitated a theology and philosophy of race, and consequently, the racializing of aesthetic practices. Over and against this discursive theology-philosophy were the performance practices of BlackPentecostalism, an atheology-aphilosophy. These sensual experiences were not merely performed through duress but were the instantiation and sign of love, of life. As love and life, these performative dances, songs, noises and tongues illustrate how enjoyment, desire and joy are important for the historicity - the theory of history found in these practices - that antiphonally speaks back against aversion, embarrassment and abandonment, against the debasement and denigration of blackness. Fundamentally, "Black Sacred Breath" is about the possibility for Black Study (as opposed to and differentiated from university institutional Black Studies), about the capacity for aesthetic practices typically deemed excessive can be constitutive, can provide new models for collective intellectual practice.
Dissertation
Chang, Chen-Han, and 張珵涵. "Estimation of Sound Velocity and Attenuation Coefficient for Breast Ultrasound Imaging." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76620374500090944623.
Повний текст джерела臺灣大學
電機工程學研究所
98
Recently, breast cancer has been one of the leading causes of death from cancer in females. Therefore, the study of its early detection has become an important issue now. Mammography has always been considered as the most common and the most effective screening method for detecting breast cancer because it can detect non-palpable and small tumors. However, the issue about ionization radiation is disputable. Besides, the images of dense breast region cover the images of small tumor region so that misdiagnosis happens. Toward this drawback, ultrasonic breast imaging can provide some aid. In short, ultrasonic breast imaging has many advantages, including noninvasive method, without ionizing radiation, portable, not limited to dense breast, and real-time. However, the use of conventional ultrasonic pulse-echo B-mode imaging to find breast tumors is also often limited by the image distortion caused by sound-velocity inhomogeneities in the breast tissue. Using other characteristics of tissue, such as sound velocity and attenuation coefficient, would provide diagnosticians additional information to increase the accuracy of diagnosis. The aim of the first part of this study was to determine the efficacy of using sound velocity and tissue attenuation to clinically discriminate breast cancer from healthy tissues. The method requires only raw channel data acquired by a linear transducer array and can therefore be implemented on existing clinical systems. In this study, these methods were tested on clinical data. A total of 19 biopsy-proven cases were evaluated. A imaging setup consisting of a 5-MHz, 128-channel linear array was used to simultaneously obtain B-mode image data, time-of-flight data and attenuation data. The sound velocity and attenuation coefficient can be reconstructed inside and outside a region of interest manually selected in the B-mode image. To reduce distortion caused by tissue inhomogeneities, an optimal filter derived from pulse-echo data—with water replacing the breast tissue—is applied. These results indicate that carcinoma (CA) can be discriminated from fibroadenoma (FA) and fat by choosing an appropriate threshold for the relative sound velocity (i.e., 18.5 m/s). However, the large variations in the attenuation within the same type of tissue make simple thresholding ineffective. Nevertheless, the method described in this study has the potential to reduce negative biopsies and to improve the accuracy of breast cancer detection in clinics. In the second part of this study, we implemented three different approaches to evaluate attenuation and one combined method in order to help the differentiation of breast cancer. Performance of these approaches is investigated based on simulation data. The three approaches are: video signal analysis (VSA), spectral estimation using periodogram (PER), and minimum side difference (MSD). Note that all approaches can readily be implemented using current B-mode imaging setup. First, VSA is to observe the gray-level gradient on a B-mode image. Second, PER is implemented by estimating the center frequency from the periodogram of the beamform data. Third, MSD is calculated using gray-level values of areas posterior to the region of interest, and left and right posterior to the ROI. In VSA, an effective frequency is required and typically the nominal center frequency is used. However, with a broadband pulse an accurate estimate of the effective frequency is needed to avoid large errors in VSA. In this study, we propose a modified VSA method in which PER is used to estimate the effective frequency. It is shown that accuracy of the VSA method can be improved by the proposed method particularly when the transmit bandwidth is large.
"Woodwind Breathing Techniques: An Annotated Bibliography." Doctoral diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.55002.
Повний текст джерелаDissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Music 2019
Lin, Hsuan-Po, and 林鉉博. "Tumor area detection and instance segmentation of breast ultra-sound images using Mask-RCNN based on deep learning." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/243gwp.
Повний текст джерела國立清華大學
電機工程學系所
106
The mortality rate of breast cancer among women in Taiwan ranks the top five in 2017 according to the statistics of the cause of death of the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan. Hence early screening/diagnosis via mammogram or ultrasound of breast cancer is vital. Due to the painful process of taking mammogram and fear of excess X-ray radiation exposure, ultrasound breast image examination become cheaper and well-accepted in breast diagnosis. Tumor segmentation of ultrasound breast (USB) images becomes important. Usually, traditional image segmentation methods are applied to obtain tumor segmentation of USB images. In this thesis, an AI-deep learning technique, namely the Mask-RCNN is adopted to solve the USB tumor segmentation problem. In addition to the speed advantage of the Faster-RCNN, the Mask-RCNN can also provide instance segmentation, which is suitable for tumor segmentation of USB images. Several error measures (ME, RFAE, MHD, TPR, TNR, ACC) are used to evaluate the segmentation results of this thesis. Comparisons with the other four methods (retracting DRLSE, expansion DRLSE, the algorithm proposed by Tsai-Wen Niu, and the algorithm proposed by Hsun Hsieh) are made. It is found that the segmentation result of this thesis is superior to the other four methods in terms of ME, RFAE, MHD.
Niu, Tsai Wen, and 鈕采紋. "Automatic tumor segmentation of ultra-sound breast images using a distance-regularized level-set evolution method with initial contour based on morphology." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40768096342961763593.
Повний текст джерела國立清華大學
電機工程學系
104
Lesion segmentation for breast ultrasound images has been studied by many people, but it is hard to achieve using traditional edge detection because ultrasound images don’t have sharp contours and exist a lot of noise. In this thesis, we propose an automatic segmentation method for breast ultrasound images which combines morphological image processing and distance-regularized level-set evolution method (DRLSE), and improve combined DRSLE (cDRLSE) proposed by Yung-Hsuan Hsu. The most serious problem of cDRLSE is that it spend a lot of time on obtaining initial contour through the operation which applied the texture features (e.g., gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM)) for support vector machine (SVM), therefore we propose a new method based on morphological operations to search for initial contour which is effective and efficient. Using the new initial contours, we can capture the tumor area more precisely after applying DRLSE. To evaluate the result of segmentation, we compare it with expansion DRLSE method, contraction DRLSE method and cDRLSE method using three evaluation metrics, including misclassification error (ME), relative foreground area error (RFAE) and modified Hausdorff distance (MHD). We find that the proposed method is basically better than expansion DRLSE method and contraction DRLSE method which confirms the importance of initial contour to DRLSE. However, it is better than cDRLSE method in RFAE but worse than cDRLSE in ME and MHD, probably due to ranking failure in the proposed method or improved segmentation accuracy of post processing in cDRLSE method; even so, the proposed method not only spends less time obviously but also has no need to apply post processing. The proposed method has the following properties: 1.A fully automatic segmentation method for breast ultrasound images which has no need to set initial contour manually. 2.The way to obtain initial contour is efficient, and moreover if the tumor is smooth, the initial contour will be close to the tumor’s real boundaries. 3.Compared with other methods, the segmentation result of the proposed method is truly closer to ground truth image if the proposed initial contour mostly lies inside the ground truth.
Huang, Ting-Chieh, and 黃鼎傑. "The scaling effect of echo sounder survey by horizontal detection: a tank experiment using black sea bream." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29983225384060393947.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣海洋大學
環境生物與漁業科學學系
105
Climate-type disasters led by over emission of greenhouse gas are becoming increasingly serious and many countries have been actively developing renewable energy. As Taiwan Strait is good for wind power development, the Government actively promotes the construction of offshore wind farm. Among many negative and positive effects that may caused by the project, the fish-harvesting effect of wind turbine should be the most positive effects that we expected, but this effect must be evaluated objectively. Scientific echo sounder can provide fishery-independent evaluation for such effects in the wind farm areas. However, due to the spatial confinement of the wind field, the change of the scientific echo sounder detection in the horizontal or tilt detection can keep both detection effect and navigation safety. However, it may also cause changes in the target strength, volume backscattering strength and abundance evaluation. So, in this study three tank experiments were designed to explore these changes. Suspended single fish, free swimming single fish and fish shoal were used to measure TS in different attacking beam angle in order to analyze the problems that may be encountered in the future field survey in wind farm areas. Major results are summarized below: (1)The TS value of the change is less obvious in the pitching plane, the higher the TS is in the back; in the rolling plane and yawing plane will have a change of nearly 10 dB, and the two rotating plane are in the body side has a high TS. (2)In the single fish free swim, the linear relationship between average TS and average fish lengths were no more existed while the beam angle tilted to near horizontal(< 30 degree). The loss of the linear relationship was mainly due to the large TS variation in the yawing plane and also due to more frequent changes of TS while detecting near-horizontally toward a fish with changing swimming direction. (3)In the experiment free swimming fish shoals, we found that 0 degree and 90 degree although estimated body length varied greatly, the density estimated were very close. Therefore, tilt detection beam angle may cause variation of TS and result in bias of estimated body length; however the density estimation were not influenced at all.
Bielawski, Adam. "Nominace soudců Nejvyššího soudu USA jako prvek systému brzd a rovnovah." Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-437913.
Повний текст джерелаBruno, Gabriella. "Le droit à la réparation des lésions professionnelles des travailleurs soumis à une obligation de disponibilité : une analyse jurisprudentielle longitudinale." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12509.
Повний текст джерелаThe concept of worker availability requirements refers to instances in which workers are required to be available to their employers outside of standard work hours (off-duty). Due to several factors, especially the internationalization of markets, financialisation of the economy, and the development of information and communication technology, this normative requirement is inadequately regulated by current legislation in Quebec. Therefore, our research evaluates the extent that the Loi sur les accidents du travail et les maladies professionnelles addresses availability requirements imposed on workers in the province. To this end, we carried out qualitative and quantitative analyses of decisions made by the Commission d’appel en matière de lésions professionnelles and Commission des lésions professionnelles between 1995 and 2014. From a sociological perspective, we attempted to produce different categories of off-duty availability requirements, and to discern whether an augmentation in the number of decisions concerning availability requirements has taken place over time. Finally, we examined the extent that workers benefit from the rights provided by the L.a.t.m.p. when injuries occur during off-duty hours in which workers are required to be available. Our results demonstrate that many categories of availability requirements can be developed related to the period of time during when such obligation occurs. Furthermore, these requirements are also linked to individuals’ status as self-employed workers. Finally, it seems that the recognition of workers’ employment injuries vary along these categories. However, our results also suggest that there exists no positive trend in the number of decisions concerning worker availability requirements over time.
Hsieh, Hsun, and 謝. 洵. "Automatic tumor segmentation of breast ultra-sound images using a distance-regularized level-set evolution method with initial contour obtained by guided image filter, L0 gradient minimization smoothing pre-processing, and morphological features." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/t6z6cs.
Повний текст джерела國立清華大學
電機工程學系所
105
Due to the speckle noise and low contrast in breast ultrasound images, it is hard to locate the contour of the tumor by using a single method. In this thesis, a new method for finding an initial contour is proposed, which can improve the result of DRLSE on the segmentation of BUS images. The new method focuses on improving the algorithm proposed by Tsai-Wen Niu, which is a way to search an initial contour based on the local minimum in the images. When the BUS images contain calcification, it is possible to fail in searching of initial contour through such algorithm, hence leading to a poor segmentation result when the initial contour is on the wrong place. Therefore, we acquire a bigger initial contour by using a series of image smoothing methods and binarization, which can eliminate the weak edges and adjust the contrast in BUS images. In addition, some images without local minimum can be successfully detected by using the proposed method. However, the pixel value in these images are similar. It might be hard to accurately separate the tumor region from non-tumor region by the difference of pixel values. These obstacles are conquered by calculating the difference of length and pixel value in the suspect region. The ranking outcome is improved by using the morphological features. After applying DRLSE, our initial contour can reach the tumor region more accurately. To evaluate the result of segmentation, it is compared with the outcome of DRLSE obtained from different initial contours proposed by Tsai-Wen Niu, expansion DRLSE method, and contraction DRLSE method using three evaluation metrics, including ME, RFAE and MHD. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method is basically better than the other methods. However, the initial contour might contain non-tumor region when the edge of the tumor’s boundary is too ambiguous; even so, the proposed method drastically reduce the number of DRLSE iteration and computation time. According to the experimental results, the proposed method has three advantages over the other methods. First, it sets the initial contour automatically which is more efficient than setting the initial contour manually. Second, the region of the initial contour is much bigger than those obtained by the other methods, which can reduce the computation time and the number of DRLSE iteration. Third, if the tumor boundary is distinct, the new initial contour can improve the segmentation result of DRLSE.
Audet, Martin. "Étude des déterminants moléculaires de la signalisation des récepteurs couplés aux protéines G et développement d'outils pour l'étude de l'effecteur bêta-arrestine." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10876.
Повний текст джерелаG Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCR) are members of the largest family of membrane protein in the human genome. They transduce the signal from a variety of stimuli like odors, ions, hormones and neurotransmitters, inside the cells. By binding directly to the receptors, these molecules stabilize activating conformational changes that are allosterically propagated through transmembrane to intracellular domains. Effectors like heterotrimeric G protein and β-arrestins (βarrs) are then engaged by activated receptors and trigger a cascade of signalling events leading to a cellular response. Recently, the resolution of the crystal structure of GPCR that bind to freely diffusible ligands provided the opportunity to refine at an atomic level the models describing the mecanisms of receptor signal transduction. In the first section of this thesis, we have explored the determinants of the prototypical β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) signalling induced by β-blockers. Given their efficacy on Adenylate Cyclase (AC) and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathways, β-blockers can be classified within 3 signalling groups (AC inverse agonist / MAPK agonist, AC neutral antagonist / MAPK agonist and inverse agonist for AC and MAPK). In order to gain insight on the relation between their efficacy and binding mode, we performed in silico binding experiments between β-blockers from each group and the β2AR crystal structure bound to carazolol. Interestingly, ligands within a group share similar binding mode in contrast to those of different groups, suggesting that β-blockers binding mode could be used to predict their efficacy. In accordance to this hypothesis, we have predicted and confirmed that carazolol, an AC inverse agonist that bind to β2AR in a similar way than the AC inverse agonist / MAPK agonist group, is indeed an agonist for MAPK pathway. Moreover, aryl chemical function from AC inverse agonist / MAPK agonist ligands, barely the only variable structure feature of this group, was predicted to bind β2AR nearby the transmembrane helices 3 and 5 (TM3 and TM5). We thus have predicted that this region would be a determinant of the AC inverse agonist / MAPK agonist ligand efficacy. Accordingly, we found that mutation of 2 residues (T118I, S203A) close to the aryl moiety binding site prevents inverse agonist efficacy of ICI-118551 on AC pathway, without affecting agonist efficacy, indicating that this receptor region is important for the efficacy of these group of β-blockers, at least on AC inverse agonism.βarrs are scaffolding proteins that coordinate protein complex formation with dozen of signalling effectors. First identified for their role on GPCR desensitization and internalization, βarrs are also an important heterotrimeric G protein independent GPCR signalling effectors. However, in contrast to heterotrimeric G protein, only a few tools are available for their study. Thus, the second section of this thesis aim at developing tools for the study of βarrs. For this purpose, we had attempted to transpose a method to measure protein-protein interaction that use Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (BRET) technology, in microscopy and in transgenic mice, in order to detect subcellular localization and in a native context the engagement of βarr to RCPGs. Thus, we have established a proof of principle that BRET can be combined with microscopy to locate an interaction between βarr and the type 2 vasopressin receptor (V2R) within a cell. Moreover, we have established a second proof of principle that we can detect βarrs recruitment to β2AR on cells extracted from tissues of transgenic mice expressing these proteins fused to BRET partner. Finally, there is no pharmacological inhibitor of βarrs. Thus, using a combination of virtual screening and cellular validation approches, we have developed the first pharmacological βarrs inhibitor. With this novel tool, we have confirmed the implication of βarrs in V2R-mediated MAPK activation, but also showed a new role of βarrs in β2AR recycling.The finding and the tools presented in this thesis should allow to better understand the molecular determinants of GPCR signalling, and among other things, by proposing new tools to study βarrs cellular and physiological roles.
Němečková, Petra. "Ochrana práva na spravedlivý proces ve vztahu k řízení o předběžné otázce." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-305995.
Повний текст джерела