Дисертації з теми "Breast measurement"
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Mcleod, C. N. "Measurement of the nutritional intake of breast-fed babies." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382665.
Повний текст джерелаYacoub, Chahed. "Measurement of absorbed dose to the skin and its relation with microcircular changes in breast cancer radiotherapy." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Fysikum, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-132140.
Повний текст джерелаFurrer, Daniela. "The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in the breast cancer : from measurement to targeted treatment." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37361.
Повний текст джерелаThe overexpression of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and/or HER2 gene amplification are predictive factors in breast cancer. Following the HER2-targeted treatment with trastuzumab, the reliable evaluation of HER2 has become essential. Unfortunately, up to 50% of HER2-positive breast cancer patients develop resistance towards this drug. The objectives were: 1). To determine the most reliable and economical method to evaluate HER2 status (cohort of 521 consecutive breast cancer cases); 2). To examine the association between tobacco and alcohol consumption, and two HER2 polymorphisms (Ile655Val and Ala1170Pro), and the response to trastuzumab (cohort of 236 HER2-positive breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab). Moreover, in a pilot study, we explored the association between genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in breast cancer tissues and the response to trastuzumab (cohort of 12 breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab). HER2 status was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and TaqMan assay. We compared HER2 status determined by FISH on whole tissue (WT, one tissue per slide) section and tissue microarray (TMA, 60 tissues per slide) section, and HER2 status evaluated by IHC and FISH on the block used for diagnostic (diagnostic block) and on a randomly chosen additional block (random block). Clinicopathological information were assessed by review of medical records, tobacco and alcohol consumption by an administered validated questionnaire. DNA methylation patterns were evaluated using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. Overall concordance between HER2 status determined by FISH on WT and TMA sections was 98.2% and that between diagnostic and random blocks was 98.0% for FISH and 93.6% for IHC. Tobacco consumption and the Val allele were associated with a worse response, whereas alcohol consumption was associated with a better response. Methylation pattern in tumor tissues of HER2-positive breast cancer patients who acquired resistance to trastuzumab treatment differed from that of HER2-positive breast cancer patients who responded to trastuzumab treatment. However, this observation seemed to depend upon the method of bioinformatics analysis used. We conclude that FISH performed on TMA section represents a reliable and economical method for the evaluation of HER2. Results obtained by FISH, but not those obtained by IHC, fulfill the recommendations of the College of American Pathologists of concordance greater than 95% between the reference method and the new method. Tobacco use, alcohol consumption and Ile655Val HER2 polymorphism might influence the response to trastuzumab treatment.
Lagerros, Ylva Trolle. "Physical activity from the epidemiological perspective - measurement issues and health effects /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-681-6/.
Повний текст джерелаHenderson, Elizabeth. "Measurement of blood flow, blood volume and capillary permeability in breast tumours using contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0020/NQ58134.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаJohnson-Kozlow, Marilyn Fay. "Validity and measurement bias in three self-report measures of physical activity among women diagnosed with breast cancer /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3099928.
Повний текст джерелаAssi, Valentina. "Clinical and epidemiological issues and applications of mammographic density." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2014. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/7855.
Повний текст джерелаSoares, Christina Guimarães Ribeiro. "Etiologia e frequência da dor relatada por mulheres com câncer de mama." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2013. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3685.
Повний текст джерелаIntrodução: O câncer de mama é a neoplasia mais comum entre as mulheres e a manifestação de dor é um evento frequente, podendo ocorrer em todas as fases da doença, bem como ser decorrente de várias abordagens diagnósticas e terapêuticas. Objetivos: Descrever se a dor está ou não relacionada com o câncer de mama, identificar a ocorrência de dor nas últimas 24 horas, verificar a intensidade da dor relacionada ou não ao câncer e descrever os principais sítios anatômicos de dor. Casuística e método: Estudo descritivo envolvendo mulheres com diagnóstico de câncer de mama e em tratamento ambulatorial, em qualquer fase da doença ou tratamento, no período de novembro de 2011 a abril de 2012. As entrevistas foram realizadas no ambulatório de oncologia do Hospital Governador João Alves Filho, utilizando um formulário elaborado pelos pesquisadores e o Inventário Breve da Dor (IBD). Resultados: Noventa mulheres com idade entre 27 a 80 anos foram entrevistadas, 59 (66%) não relacionaram a dor com o câncer de mama e 73 (81%) não relataram a presença de dor antes da doença. Apenas 34 mulheres (38%) referiram dor nas últimas 24 horas interferindo negativamente na habilidade de caminhar, no sono e no humor. A média de dor em uma escala de 0 a 10 foi de 4,8 e os principais sítios anatômicos de dor foram os membros superiores (23%), membros inferiores (21%) e coluna vertebral (15%). Conclusão: Em 59 (66%) mulheres a dor não esteve relacionada com o câncer de mama e os MMSS foram apontados como os principais sítios anatômicos de dor. A dor esteve presente, nas últimas 24 horas, em 38% das mulheres, de intensidade moderada e interferindo na qualidade de vida.
Griffiths, Jennifer Ann. "X-ray diffraction measurements for breast tissue analysis." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444776/.
Повний текст джерелаSindi, Rooa. "Quantitative Measurements of Breast Density Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging." Thesis, Curtin University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/86105.
Повний текст джерелаQiu, Yihong. "Measurement and analysis of breath sounds." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2003. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1676/.
Повний текст джерелаFranks, Peter J. "Estimation of cardiac output by a single breath method." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1985. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/32997.
Повний текст джерелаHargens, Trent A. "Reliability of the double product break point measurement." Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1129627.
Повний текст джерелаSchool of Physical Education
Godavarty, Anuradha. "Fluorescence enhanced optical tomography on breast phantoms with measurements using a gain modulated intensified CCD imaging system." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2184.
Повний текст джерелаObeidat, Mohammad Ali. "Radiotherapy Measurements with a Deoxyribonucleic Acid Doublestrand-Break Dosimeter." Thesis, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10281552.
Повний текст джерелаMany types of dosimeters are used in the clinic to measure radiation dose for therapy but none of them directly measures the biological effect of this dose. The overall purpose of this work was to develop a dosimeter that measures biological damage in the form of double-strand breaks to deoxyribonucleic acid. This dosimeter could provide a more biologically relevant measure of radiation damage than the currently utilized dosimeters. A pair of oligonucleotides was designed to fabricate this dosimeter. One is labeled with a 5’-end biotin and the other with a 5’-end 6 Fluorescein amidite (fluorescent dye excited at 495?nanometer, with a peak emission at 520 nanometer). These were designed to adhere to certain locations on the pRS316 vector and serve as the primers for polymerase chain reactions. The end product of this reaction is a 4 kilo-base pair double strands deoxyribonucleic acid fragment with biotin on one end and 6 Fluorescein amidite oligonucleotide on the other attached to streptavidin beads. The biotin end connects the double strands deoxyribonucleic acid to the streptavidin bead. These bead-connected double strands deoxyribonucleic acid were suspended in 50 microliter of phosphate-buffered saline and placed into a tube for irradiation. Following irradiation of the deoxyribonucleic acid dosimeter, we take advantage of the magnetic properties of the streptavidin bead by placing our sample microtube against a magnet. The magnetic field pulls the streptavidin beads against the side of the tube. If a double-strand-break has occurred for a double strands deoxyribonucleic acid, the fluorescein end of the double strands deoxyribonucleic acid becomes free and is no longer attached to the bead or held against the side of the microtube. The free fluorescein following a double-strand-break in double strands deoxyribonucleic acid is referred to here as supernatant. The supernatant is extracted and placed in another microtube, while the unbroken double strands deoxyribonucleic acid remain attached to the beads and stay in the microtube (Fig. 4). Those beads were re-suspended with 50 microliter of phosphate-buffered saline again (called beads), then we placed both supernatant and beads in a reader microplate and we read the fluorescence signal for both with a fluorescence reader (BioTek Synergy 2). These beads and supernatant fluorescence signals are denoted by B and S, respectively. The relative amount of supernatant fluorescence counts is proportional to the probability of a double-strand-break. The probability of double-strand-break was calculated with the following equation:
(S-BG)/(S+B-2BG) (1)
where S was the supernatant fluorescence intensity (related to the number of double strands deoxyribonucleic acid with double-strand breaks), B was the re-suspended beads fluorescence intensity (related to the number of double strands deoxyribonucleic acid without double-strand breaks), and BG was the phosphate-buffered saline fluorescence intensity (related to the background signal). There are two advantages that this type of dosimeter has over the gel separation technique. First, it is important to irradiate deoxyribonucleic acid in a solution that has similar osmolarity and ion concentrations to that in a human, such as phosphate-buffered saline. A gel dosimeter would require a transfer to gel to separate deoxyribonucleic acid, whereas our dosimeter can be separated in this solution. Currently, we use pipettes to manually perform this separation, but this step could be automated. Second, the magnetic deoxyribonucleic acid separation technique is much faster than that for gel electrophoresis. Calibration of radiotherapy equipment isn’t something that happens in national science laboratories, with only world-leading experts. This is something that happens locally at every cancer clinic, with physicists that do not have the luxury of focusing solely on this one measurement. For this reason, ease of use is critical for this type of technology. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.)
Nwiloh, Victor Maduabuchi. "Measurement of nerve growth factor in induced sputum and exhaled breath condensate." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001581.
Повний текст джерелаPatterson, Claire Siobhan. "Portable spectroscopy system for ultra-sensitive, real-time measurement of breath ethane." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2009. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/538/.
Повний текст джерелаCampbell, Diane L. "The influence of aerobic exercise on double product break point in low to moderate risk adults." Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University, 2009. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/641.
Повний текст джерелаTentner, Andrea R. (Andrea Ruth). "Quantitative measurement and modeling of the DNA damage signaling network : DNA double-strand breaks." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61234.
Повний текст джерела"September 2009." Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 218-229).
DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) are one of the major mediators of chemotherapy-induced cytotoxicity in tumors. Cells that experience DNA damage can initiate a DNA damage-mediated cell-cycle arrest, attempt to repair the damage and, if successful, resume the cell-cycle (arrest/repair/resume). Cells can also initiate an active cell-death program known as apoptosis. However, it is not known what "formula" a cell uses to integrate protein signaling molecule activities to determine which of these paths it will take, or what protein signaling-molecules are essential to the execution of that decision. A better understanding of how these cellular decisions are made and mediated on a molecular level is essential to the improvement of existing combination and targeted chemotherapies, and to the development of novel targeted and personalized therapies. Our goal has been to gain an understanding of how cells responding to DSB integrate protein signaling-molecule activities across distinct signaling networks to make and execute binary cell-fate decisions, under conditions relevant to tumor physiology and treatment. We created a quantitative signal-response dataset, measuring signals that widely sample the response of signaling networks activated by the induction of DSB, and the associated cellular phenotypic responses, that together reflect the dynamic cellular responses that follow the induction of DSB. We made use of mathematical modeling approaches to systematically discover signal-response relationships within the DSB-responsive protein signaling network. The structure and content of the signal-response dataset is described, and the use of mathematical modeling approaches to analyze the dataset and discover specific signal-response relationships is illustrated. As a specific example, we selected a particularly strong set of identified signal-response correlations between ERK1/2 activity and S phase cell-cycle phenotype, identified in the mathematical data analysis, to posit a causal relationship between ERK1/2 and S phase cell cycle phenotype. We translated this posited causal relationship into an experimental hypothesis and experimentally test this hypothesis. We describe the validation of an experimental hypothesis based upon model-derived signal response relationships, and demonstrate a dual role for ERK1/2 in mediating cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis following DNA damage. Directions for the extension of the signal-response dataset and mathematical modeling approaches are outlined.
by Andrea R. Tentner.
Ph.D.
Chow, Sharron Sau Ming Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "Non-invasive measurement of markers of oxidative stress in asbestos-related lung diseases and pulmonary fibrosis." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Medical Sciences, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43771.
Повний текст джерелаGarabedian, Charles. "Influence de la texturation de surface sur la biocompatibilité des implants mammaires : approches amont et clinique." Thesis, Valenciennes, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UPHF0007.
Повний текст джерелаThe first breast implant surface pattern approved by the American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is Biocell texture commercialized by the American company Allergan in 1987. Most breast implant manufacturers then adopted similar surface patterning process. A report from the Agence Nationale de Sécurité du Médicament et des produits de santé (ANSM) estimated that 85% of implants sold in France between 2007 and 2016 were textured. In 2011, the FDA warned of a possible association between breast implants and a rare and specific form of lymphoma: Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (BIA-ALCL). The number of cases of BIA-ALCL has exploded since 2014-2015, with an overrepresentation of the Biocell texture in the statistics, which justified the withdrawal of the French market of these prostheses by the ANSM in April 2019. This thesis aims to evaluate the impact of breast implant surface topography on the clinical performance of the device. Firstly, a comparative study carried out on 3 surface measurement techniques, as well as a statistical analysis based on the multi-scale decomposition of the topographies, allowed us to propose a metrologically-validated measurement methodology taking into account the surface morphology and the scale and to highlight the inconsistencies of the ISO standard related to breast implants (ISO 14607). Then, a classification and a morphologically-relevant designation of the textures were proposed and validated by an original protocol of genetic analysis on human tissues and by a discriminant analysis carried out on a large base of topographical parameters. Similar topographical and statistical analyzes were also conducted on prostheses removed from the human body (or explant) in order to quantify the damage according to the type of texture and to the scale. These studies will enable the GROUPE SEBBIN to design a new anatomically-shaped prosthesis, which will combine tissue anchoring and minimization of inflammation and damage processes
Kannath, Arun. "Precision measurement of carbon isotope ratio in exhaled breath for the detection of Helicobacter pylori." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2009. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/68791/.
Повний текст джерелаXing, Yangjun. "Measurement and Visualization of Electron Transfer at the Single Molecule Level." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2009. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/47725.
Повний текст джерелаPh.D.
Molecular electronics based on bottom-up electronic circuit design is a potential solution to meet the continuous need to miniaturize electronic devices. The development of highly conductive molecular wires, especially for long distance charge transfer, is a major milestone in the molecular electronics roadmap. A challenge presented by single molecule conductance is to define the relative influence of the molecular "core" and the molecular "interconnects" on the observed currents. Much focus has been placed on designing conductive, conjugated molecules. However, the electrode-molecule contacts can dominate the responses of metal-molecule-metal devices. We have experimentally and theoretically probed charge transfer through single phenyleneethynylene molecules terminated with thiol and carbodithioate linkers, using STM break-junction and non-equilibrium Green's function methods. The STM break-junction method utilizes repeatedly formed circuits where one or a few molecules are trapped between two electrodes, at least one of which has nanoscale dimensions. The statistical analysis of thousands of measurements yields the conductance of single molecules. Experimental data demonstrate that the carbodithioate linker not only augments electronic coupling to the metal electrode relative to thiol, but reduces the barrier to charge injection into the phenyleneethynylene bridge. The theoretical analysis shows that sulfur hybridization provides the genesis for the order-of-magnitude increased conductance in carbodithioate-terminated systems relative to those that feature the thiol linker. Collectively, these data emphasize the promising role for carbodithioate-based connectivity in molecular electronics applications involving metallic and semi-conducting electrodes. One of the strategies for building molecular wires that can transfer charge over long distance is to incorporate metal ions into the conductive molecular core. Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) is a great candidate for this purpose. Studying the conductivity of PNA can not only contribute to a better understanding of charge transfer through biomolecules, but can also help develop better molecular wires and other building blocks of molecular electronics. We study the charge transfer of PNA molecules using the STM break-junction technique and compare with traditional macroscopic voltammetric measurements. By measuring the resistance of different PNA molecules, we hope to develop a deep understanding of how charge transport though PNA is affected by factors such as the number and type of natural and artificial bases, embedded metal ions, pH, etc. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of porphyrins are of great interest due to their diverse applications, including molecular devices, nano-templates, electrocatalysis, solar cells, and photosynthesis. We combined a molecular level study of the redox reactions using electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (EC-STM) with a macroscopic electrochemical technique, cyclic voltammetry (CV), to study two redox active porphyrin molecules, TPyP (5,10,15,20-Tetra(4-Pyridyl)-21H,23H-Porphine) and 5, 10, 15, 20-tetrakis (4-carboxylphenyl)-21H, 23H-porphine (TCPP). We showed that the adsorbed oxidized TPyP molecules slowly change to brighter contrast, consistent with the appearance of the reduced form of TPyP, under reduction condition (0.0VSCE). The time scale of the slow reduction is in the order of tens of minutes at 0.0VSCE, but accelerates at more negative potentials. We propose that protonation and deprotonation processes play an important role in the surface redox reaction due to geometric restriction of the molecules adsorbed on the surface. EC-STM and CV experiments were performed at various pH values to investigate the mechanism of this anomalously slow redox reaction. Our results show that the increased concentration of H+ hinders the reduction of porphyrins, a feature that has not been reported preciously. This provides insight into the details of the surface redox reaction.
Temple University--Theses
Motooka, Makoto. "Single Breath-Hold Left Ventricular Volume Measurement by 0.3-Sec Turbo Fast Low-Angle Shot MR Imaging." Kyoto University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/150520.
Повний текст джерелаJanzon, Cornelia [Verfasser], A. M. [Akademischer Betreuer] Otto, Marion Brigitta [Akademischer Betreuer] Kiechle, and Manfred [Akademischer Betreuer] Schmitt. "Evaluation of metabolic sensor-chip measurements with MCF-7 breast cancer cells / Cornelia Janzon. Gutachter: Marion Brigitta Kiechle ; Manfred Schmitt. Betreuer: A. M. Otto." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2014. http://d-nb.info/104928108X/34.
Повний текст джерелаMansfield, Colin David. "An investigation into the viability of an infrared diagnostic instrument for measurement of CO2 isotope ratios in breath." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/15497/.
Повний текст джерелаSmith, Robin. "Experimental measurements of break-up reactions to study alpha clustering in carbon-12 and beryllium-9." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7866/.
Повний текст джерелаSchmitz, Silke. "Validation of the 13C-sodium-acetate breath test for the measurement of gastric emptying in dogs in comparison to 99mtechnetium radioscintigraphy." Giessen : VVB Laufersweiler, 2007. http://d-nb.info/987990012/04.
Повний текст джерелаNwaboh, Javis Anyangwe [Verfasser], and Karl-Heinz [Akademischer Betreuer] Gericke. "Absolute Laser Spectrometric Amount Fraction Measurements: Impact to Traceable Breath Gas Analysis / Javis Anyangwe Nwaboh ; Betreuer: Karl-Heinz Gericke." Braunschweig : Technische Universität Braunschweig, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1175825077/34.
Повний текст джерелаBeudin, Alexis. "Dynamique et échanges sédimentaires en rade de Brest impactés par l'invasion de crépidules." Thesis, Brest, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BRES0045/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is a contribution to the study of sediment dynamic in the ecosystem of the bay of Brest. It aims at describing, by numerical simulations and field observations, the movement of water and sediments in the bay under tidal forcing, and the impact of the present spatial distribution of slipper limpets on suspended sediment transport and bed evolution. A two-dimensional horizontal (2DH) model is implemented based on the TELEMAC numerical system. It integrates the spatial variability of bed sediments, accounts for the physical presence (macro-roughness, form drag - skin friction partitioning) and biological activity (filtration of water carrying suspended particles, production of biodeposit) of slipper limpets. Measurements of water level, mean flow velocity, and friction velocity satisfactorily validate the choice of parameters in the hydrodynamic model. Measurements of suspended matter concentration in the bay of Brest are sporadic, and their analysis complicated. The sediment model stands as a tool for better understanding sedimentary processes. It informs the temporal evolution of the contribution of different types of sediment, and their origin, to local suspended and deposited sediment concentrations. It allows to follow the paths of sediment transport predominantly in suspension, and to quantify the exchanges of sediments between the sub-basins of the bay and with the bed. The introduction of slipper limpet colonies on the bed, in the form of chains assimilated as cylinders, induces decreasing flow velocity above and in their wake, compensated by increasing flow velocity on the outskirts, which globally modify the patterns of sediment erosion and deposition in the bay. Locally, the macro-roughness elements have an antagonist effect depending on their distribution: medium densities increase skin friction and erosion flux, whereas high densities shelter bed sediments from which results accretion. By comparison to their hydrodynamic impact, the biological activity plays a secondary role on sediment dynamic
Schmitz, Silke [Verfasser]. "Validation of the 13C-sodium-acetate breath test for the measurement of gastric emptying in dogs in comparison to 99mtechnetium radioscintigraphy / eingereicht von Silke Schmitz." Giessen : VVB Laufersweiler, 2007. http://d-nb.info/988756749/34.
Повний текст джерелаTentner, Andrea R. (Andrea Ruth). "A novel high-throughput in-cell Western assay for the quantitative measurement of signaling dynamics in DNA damage signaling networks : cell decision processes in response to DNA double strand breaks." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34561.
Повний текст джерела"February 2006."
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 56-59).
Following exposure to DNA damage, cells initiate a stress response involving multiple protein kinase signaling cascades. The DNA damage response results in one of several possible cell-fate decisions, or cellular responses: induction of cell-cycle arrest, initiation of DNA repair, activation of transcriptional programs, and either apoptosis, necrosis or cell senescence. The mechanisms by which cells make these decisions, and how cell fate depends upon variables such as DNA damage type and dose, and other environmental factors, is unknown. The process by which cells select among alternate fates following such stimuli, or "cues" is likely to involve a dynamic, multi-variate integration of signals from each of the kinase signaling components. A major goal of signal transduction research is to understand how information flows through signal transduction pathways downstream of a given cue, such as DNA damage, and how signals are integrated, in order to mediate cellular responses. Mathematical modeling approaches are necessary to advance our understanding of these processes.
(cont.) Indeed, statistical mining and modeling of large datasets, consisting of quantitative, dynamic signaling and response measurements, is capable of yielding models that identify key signaling components in a given cue-response relationship, as well as models that are highly predictive of cellular response following novel cues that perturb the same network. We have validated a novel assay system that allows for the high throughput collection of quantitative and dynamic signaling data for 7 protein kinases or phospho-proteins known to be "hubs" in the DNA damage response and/or general stress response networks, including ATM, Chk2, H2AX, JNK, p38, ERK and p53. This novel high-throughput In-cell Western assay is based on immuno-fluorescent staining and detection of target proteins in a "whole cell" environment, performed and visualized in a 96-well plate format. This assay allows for the detection and measurement of up to 7 target proteins in triplicate, over up to 3 treatment regimes, or up to 21 signals for a single treatment, simultaneously. Pre-processing steps, and steps involved in the protocol itself are significantly fewer (and require smaller amount of most reagents and biological material),
(cont.) as compared to traditional signal measurement methods, such as quantitative Western analysis and kinase assays. We have used this novel high-throughput In-cell Western assay to investigate the DNA damage response after the specific induction of DNA double strand breaks (DSB). We have measured the dynamics of seven "hub" proteins modified with activating phosphorylations (as a surrogate measure of protein activity) that span major branches of the DNA damage, stress, and death signaling networks, following the specific induction of DNA double strand breaks. Signaling proteins measured include ATM, Chk2, H2AX, JNK, p38, ERK and p53. In parallel with these signaling measurements, we have quantitatively measured corresponding phenotypic responses, such as cell cycle profile and apoptosis. In future work, we will use a Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression analysis approach to construct a statistical model using this data, which is predictive of the cellular responses included in our measurements, following perturbation of this branch of the DNA damage response network. This analysis should reveal key signaling components involved in the decision-making process (possible molecular targets for the improvement of cancer therapy regimens that rely upon the induction of DSB, e.g. the topoisomerase inhibitor, cisplatin), and provide a basis for constructing new, and improving existing, physics-chemical models of this branch of the DNA damage response network.
by Andrea R. Tentner.
S.M.
Javedan, Khosrow. "Investigation of Buildup Dose for Therapeutic Intensity Modulated Photon Beams in Radiation Therapy." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3449.
Повний текст джерелаRudolf, Ladislav. "Použití bezkartáčového stejnosměrného motoru pro pohon lineárního servopohonu s bezpečnostní funkcí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219451.
Повний текст джерелаAndrews, Caryn. "The measurement of modesty among Jewish American women /." 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3131504.
Повний текст джерелаZysk, Adam Michael. "Surgical breast cancer localization via coherent measurement of endogenous optical properties /." 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3270070.
Повний текст джерелаSource: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-07, Section: B, page: 4743. Adviser: Stephen Allen Boppart. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 110-129) Available on microfilm from Pro Quest Information and Learning.
Chen, Li-Ping, and 陳麗萍. "Surface dose measurement for breast cancer by intensity modulated radiation therapy." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4qgnmq.
Повний текст джерела中臺科技大學
放射科學研究所
97
Abstract The radiotherapy is a common auxiliary method for breast cancer treatment. Some breast cancer patients will show the obvious skin effect in the treatment area in later period of treatment course or after accepting the treatment. In order to evaluate the surface dose in the skin area when patient accepts the intensity modulation radiation therapy for breast cancer treatment. In this study, we measured surface dose with the Gafchromic EBT film and with two different thickness thermoluminescent dosimeters in the Rando-Phantom. The intensity modulation radiation therapy technique in this study was delivered with 6 MV and the prescribed dose was 180 cGy. To evaluate the surface dose accurately, the Gafchromic EBT film must be calibrate with statistical method. The thermoluminescent dosimeters were calibrated and selected with statistical method. Based on statistical calibration method, we can assure the accuracy in dose measurement with Gafchromic EBT film and thermoluminescent dosimeters. In this study, we also analyzed the different results of dose measurement between Gafchromic EBT film and thermoluminescent dosimeters. The results for our study could be a valuable reference for clinical application. Keywords: Intensity Modulation Radiation Therapy, Gafchromic EBT film, thermoluminescent dosimeter, surface dose
Chao, You-Kuan, and 趙又寬. "Quantitative Measurement of Breast Tissue on Intravoxel Incoherent Motion(IVIM) MR Image." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/rxru28.
Повний текст джерела國立中興大學
通訊工程研究所
106
Breast cancer is one of the top ten cause of death among women in the world. Breast density is positively correlated with breast cancer. In recent years, Magnetic Resonance Imaging has gradually taken the place of traditional X-ray and ultrasound detection as a tool for breast cancer screening. Using the MR image not only has no radiation problems, but also has excellent image resolution. Therefore, we developed a method for classifying breast tissue using IVIM MR images. MR images such as T1, T2, and PD were used as inputs for glandular detection. In order to closely examine the location of the glandular, we used constrained energy minimization (CEM) method to detect glandular and fat and used them as correct positions. After getting the positions of glandular and fat, we use them to map on the IVIM MR images, and then analyzing the five parameters (D, D*, ADC, PF, and slope). Parameters is including Apparent Diffusion Coefficient, different b values weighted on different signal attenuation, perfusion-related diffusion and perfusion fraction. The accumulation of parameter statistics will define the critical values of glandular and fat. Finally, when we only input MR IVIM MR images, breast tissues can be classified without using T1, T2 or PD images.
Shen, Sih-Yu, and 沈思與. "Measurement of dose distributions for full-field digital mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40921148985971162630.
Повний текст джерела中山醫學大學
生物醫學科學學系碩士班
104
Introduction X-ray mammography is an important clinical examination for breast cancer detection. At present, full-field digital mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis are frequently used imaging techniques. The currently used breast phantoms are rigid construction and cannot be deformed during the compression procedure. In our previous study, Bolus phantom was introduced for thickness measurement and image quality assessment. The purpose of this study is the measurement of dose distributions with Bolus phantom for full-field digital mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis. Material and methods In this study, Bolus slabs were used to design the compressible phantom. Two mammography systems, Siemens Novation DR and Hologic Selenia Dimensions, were used. Total of 210 TLD-100H (LiF:Mg, Cu, P) chips and the Harshaw 3500 TLD reader were used for dose measurement. For spatial and environmental dose measurements, several TLD-100H chips were placed at the location of 90, 120 and 140 cm above the ground to simulate gonad, breast and thyroid positions, respectively. For dose assessment with Bolus phantom, backscatter factor (BSF) and depth dose were measured for target/filter combination of Mo/Mo, Mo/Rh, W/Rh, W/Ag and W/Al. TLD chips was placed on the surface and embedded in different depths of Bolus phantom (2-8 cm). These Bolus phantoms were irradiated with FFDM and DBT systems. The BSF and depth dose of Bolus phantom were calculated. AGD of Bolus phantom for each exposure was estimated. The conversion factor of AGD, defined as the ratio of AGD and measured dose at central layer of Bolus phantom, was calculated for each thickness of Bolus phantom. For clinical application, the TLD-100H chips were embedded in the central layer of Bolus phantoms (2, 4, 6, 8 cm). These Bolus phantoms were compressed with different forces (78.3, 117.4 and 156.6 N) and irradiated with auto exposure control mode. The conversion factors of AGD were applied to estimate the AGD of Bolus phantoms. Results and discussion For spatial dose distribution, the measurement doses of breast position are greater than thyroid and gonad positions. For environmental dose distribution, the range of measured doses of right and left wall was 0.828-1.650 mGy which is greater than the measured doses of anterior and posterior wall (0.001-0.408 mGy). For the BSF assessment, the BSF of Bolus phantom is ranging from 1.082 to 1.122 mGy/mGy. The BSF values of Bolus phantom obtained are comparable to those of currently used breast phantom (1.006-1.102 mGy/mGy) and are within the suggested range of the European guideline (1.07-1.13 mGy/mGy). For the depth dose of Bolus phantom, the dose measured by TLD decreased with increasing depth of Bolus phantom for both of FFDM and Tomo mode. For FFDM mode, the measured doses at the central layer were 0.51±0.01, 0.65±0.01, 0.70±0.01, 1.39±0.001, 2.02±0.04, 1.95±0.03, and 1.99±0.05 mGy for 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, and 8-cm Bolus phantom, respectively. For Tomo mode, the measured doses at the central layer were 1.20±0.02, 1.22±0.04, 1.55±0.03, 1.78±0.001, 2.38±0.03, 3.10±0.03, and 3.63±0.02 mGy for 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, and 8-cm Bolus phantom, respectively. For each exposure, the AGD of Bolus phantom imaging with Tomo mode was higher than AGD of Bolus phantom imaging with FFDM mode. In this study, the conversion factor of AGD increased with increasing of Bolus phantom for FFDM mode (0.89-1.18 mGy/mGy) but the conversion factor of AGD varied slightly for Tomo mode (0.78-0.90 mGy/mGy). For clinical application, the measured doses by TLD (1.24-3.09 mGy) were greater than the calculated AGD (1.06-2.93 mGy). The average prediction errors on AGD were -8±7 % and 4±12 % for flexible and rigid paddle, respectively. Conclusion For spatial and environmental dose measurement, the measured spatial doses of breast position are higher than those of thyroid and gonad positions, and the measured environmental doses of left and right directions are higher than anterior and posterior directions. In this study, the BSF of Bolus phantom is similar to those of frequently used phantom materials in mammography. Therefore, Bolus phantom is suitable for dose assessment in mammography. Applying the conversion factor of AGD purposed in this study, the AGD of Bolus phantom can be estimated by measuring the doses at central layer of Bolus phantom. In clinical application, the TLD chips did not break during the compression procedure. Therefore, the Bolus phantom combined TLD chip is suitable for the measurement of dose distribution during the clinical compression procedure in mammography.
Megens, Antoinette Maria. "Measurement of upper extremity volume in women following axillary dissection for breast cancer." Thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/9181.
Повний текст джерелаWang, Ting-Yin, and 王亭尹. "Measurement of image quality and radiation dose of compressible breast phantoms in mammography." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8fc6dg.
Повний текст джерела中山醫學大學
醫學影像暨放射科學系碩士班
106
Purpose At present, the rigid-type breast phantoms are frequently used for assessments of image quality and radiation dose in mammography. These breast phantoms cannot accurately simulate imaging factors, image quality, and radiation dose under clinical compression procedures in digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT). The purpose of this study is the measurement of image quality and radiation dose in DBT using compressible breast phantom. Materials and methods The DBT system (Selenia Dimensions, Hologic) was used in this study. The contrast-detail mammographic phantom (Artinis CDMAM 3.4) and the thermoluminescent dosimeter TLD-100 microcubes (Harshaw/Bicron, Solon, OH) were used for measuring image quality and radiation dose, respectively. To measure the image quality, 4-8 cm Bolus phantoms (MT-CB-410S, CIVCO, Medical Solution, France) with the CDMAM were irradiated and the CDMAM images were constructed with FFDM and SM mode. These CDMAM images were read and scored by three observers. To measure the radiation doses, 3-10 cm Bolus phantoms with 50 microcubes of TLD-100 were irradiated under FFDM and DBT modes. The TLDs were placed in the different depths of the Bolus phantoms for the assessment of depth dose distribution. In the clinical compression applications, the 4-8 cm Bolus phantoms with TLDs were compressed with forces of 58.8-156.8 N. The depth of each TLD in the Bolus phantom was investigated using the sectional image of DBT and the dose of each TLD was measured. Results In the assessment of image quality, the correction observation ratios of CDMAM images of FFDM was those of CDMAM images of SM mode. For example, the correction observation ratios of CDMAM images with the 6-cm Bolus phantom for FFDM and SM modes were 49.4% and 35.1%, respectively. In the assessment of radiation dose, the measured dose decreased with the increasing depth of TLD. For example, the measured doses of TLDs in the 6-cm Bolus phantom for FFDM and DBT modes were 0.61-5.46 and 0.92-5.55 mGy, respectively. In the clinical application, the depth of TLD decreased with the increasing compression forces. The measured doses of TLDs around the central layer were comparable to the average glandular dose (AGD) of the compressible breast phantoms. Conclusion Results from this study demonstrated that the image quality of FFDM is superior to that of SM for a compressible breast phantom with large thickness. We also observed that the impact on radiation doses caused by changing compression forces is significant for a compressible breast phantom with large thickness. Therefore, the Bolus phantoms and TLD-100 microcubes are suitable for the measurements of the image quality and radiation dose in different clinical DBT applications.
Shih, Yih-Lih, and 施易利. "NIR Electro-optical Measurement and Analysis for the Heterogeneous Intralipid Phantoms Imitating Breast Tumors." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/08906851644095925933.
Повний текст джерела國立中央大學
機械工程研究所
94
Near infrared (NIR) diffuse optical tomography (DOT) is a new medical imaging modality, the advantages are safe (longer wavelength) and non-radioactive, in spite of its low spatial resolution at the current phase. Due to the diagnostic potential of NIR,the abnormality of tissues in NIR light is to allow earlier detection rather than most other imaging modalities. This thesis describes the NIR Electro-optical measurement for Intralipid phantoms using our own developed NIR DOT scanning instrument with highly spatially angular resolution, in order to investigate the influence of different factors such as the off-boundary, the volume density (v.d.) of inclusion, and the size ratio. The influence of each condition also can reveal the real condition of biomedical tissue, and this information can offer the doctor for diagnosis. This thesis discusses Intralipid phantoms which are the homogeneous background with one inclusion or two inclusions. For the homogeneous background with one inclusion and the source position at s0 , the contrast is large, the resolution of inclusion position is good but the resolution of inclusion size is bad. The off-boundary is small, the resolution of contrast and inclusion size are both good. The inclusion size is large, the resolution of contrast is good but the resolution of off-boundary is bad. For the homogeneous background with two inclusions and the source position at s0 , the contrast (I0) is large; the resolution of inclusion position is good. The off-boundary (I0) is small confined to the non-directly detected inclusion (I4) with small v.d.; the resolution of contrast is good. The common conclusion for the homogeneous background with one inclusion and two inclusions can be obtained. Those phenomena are similar in some condition, especially for source position at s0 and Sπ. This thesis also simulates a power curve by using an exponential form. The light trajectory of model in this thesis was set as straight line, unlike the real trajectory. The outcome does not seem well. From this thesis, it can give a general concept about the influence of different factors. Furthermore, the original experimental data can be used as the input and the calibration of image reconstruction.
Ciou, Jian-Jhong, and 邱健忠. "Measurement and analysis for the solid breast-like phantoms by use of frequency-domain Near-infrared instrument." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62250120555378791899.
Повний текст джерела國立中央大學
生物醫學工程研究所
100
Near-infrared diffuse optical tomography (NIR-DOT) is a new non-invasive and non-radiation biomedical imaging technique. This NIR-DOT technique uses the near-infrared light illuminating the tissue and measures the transmitted light from the tissue boundary. Using the reconstruction algorithm with the measured data, one can estimate the optical coefficients (scattering coefficients, absorption coefficients) distribution inside the tissue. This is because the optical coefficients vary with the structure and composition within the tissue. In this study, we use frequency-domain scanning system to measure the intensity and phase difference of light propagating through tissue-like phantom, and determine whether heterogeneous inclusion (lesion) appears in phantom or not by images reconstructed from measurement data. In experiment, the tissue-like phantom was made by different type of pork to simulate the optical properties of breast. In order to construct breast-like phantom with different condition of lesion, the solid breast-like phantom was also fabricated by silicone, ink, and titanium dioxide powder, according to the structure of female breast. System verification is first performed by comparing the measurement data from homogenous phantom and the predicted data from the theory model, and judging from the measurement with tissue-like phantom shows that the measurement system is able to differentiate the optical properties in tissue. Moreover, the detect-ability of measuring system is confirmed by comparing the measured data with breast-like phantom under conditions of different inclusion contrast, size, and location. Observation from 1-D optical property profile of images reconstructed from such measurement data shows that the inclusion location is more dominant factor affecting the measurement result.
Fairbanks, E. Jefferson. "One-shot measurement of spin-lattice relaxation times in the off-resonance rotating frame of reference with applications to breast." 1994. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/31514001.html.
Повний текст джерелаUsha, Devi Amma C. "Ultrasound Assisted Optical Elastography For Measurement Of Mechanical Properties Of Soft Tissue Mimicking Phantoms." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/394.
Повний текст джерелаWu, Yao-Ho, and 吳樂禾. "Technology of Human Oral Breath Humidity and Temperature Measurement." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27bxwr.
Повний текст джерела國立中興大學
生物產業機電工程學系所
99
Gas analysis and monitoring of human respiratory is a topic which has been strived in the medicine. Lots of research and instruments are used for physical/ chemical human breathing gas measured. Excepting the expensive instruments, some portable sensors have been studied on human breathing. The human airway has the ability to warm and humidify the nearby air. The temperature and humidity of the inhaled air can be measured and served as an index for human breathing analysis. The quantifications of the changed temperature and humidity by the breath of test people were discussed in this study. The measurand were served as the personal air-conditioning index of the airway for the clinical. The sensing system of this study could be integrated with other sensors for physical/ chemical human breathing gas measuring. To ensure the correction of the measurement for the human breathing temperature and humidity, a sensing system with the traceability must be built. Then the temperature and humidity from oral breathing and the environment were measured with calibrated thermocouple and humidity sensors. These data were coupled with DAQ. Changes of temperature and humidity by human oral breathing among different physical states and sexes were analysed with statistic test. Humidity should be transferred into absolute humidity to express its meaning. According to the result, the temperatures and humidities from human oral breathing were changed with different actions. In this study, the average temperature and humidity changed by oral breathing of female samples were higher than that of the male’s.
Pieschl, Richard Lynn. "A breath-by-breath respiratory measurement system and implementation of a functional residual capacity algorithm." 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/22460.
Повний текст джерела"Measurement of Molecular Conductance." Doctoral diss., 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.9439.
Повний текст джерелаDissertation/Thesis
Ph.D. Chemistry 2011
Holland, Ben Patrick. "Measurement of exhaled nitric oxide and carbon dioxide in the breath of beef calves." 2006. http://digital.library.okstate.edu/etd/umi-okstate-1956.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаNarayana, T. S. "Measurement And Prediction Of Four-pole Parameters And Break-out Noice Of Mufflers." Thesis, 2005. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/1361.
Повний текст джерела