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Статті в журналах з теми "Bowtie method":
1
de Ruijter, A., and F. Guldenmund. "The bowtie method: A review." Safety Science 88 (October 2016): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2016.03.001.
2
Turner, Claire, W. I. Hamilton, and Martyn Ramsden. "Bowtie diagrams: A user-friendly risk communication tool." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit 231, no. 10 (November 2017): 1088–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954409716675006.
Анотація:
The rail infrastructure controller in Great Britain recognised that more work was required to allow a robust and consistent demonstration that appropriate health and safety risk assessments are being undertaken throughout each stage of the contracting process. In response to this requirement, the authors were engaged to assist the rail infrastructure client with the development of a new risk-based contractor management and assurance process. Bowtie diagrams were selected as a key component of this process to represent: Key safety risks associated with rail construction projects; Potential causes and consequences of unwanted events; Good practice in risk barriers/controls. To test the suitability of Bowties for risk communication to contractors, three key hazards were identified for Bowtie analysis. These and the specific top events selected were as follows: Hazard: Working at height – from scaffold, ladders, mobile elevating working platforms, mobile towers or ledges; Top event: Falls from height – to surface; Hazard: Working in vicinity of uninsulated conductors and supply points; Top event: Contact with live/charged equipment >60 V; Hazard: Working on or near the line; Top event: Personnel in path of oncoming train. A one-day Bowtie development workshop was held for each of the hazards selected. These were attended by client personnel with the required knowledge and expertise of the hazard and associated barrier measures, ensuring the necessary levels of input and consultation. Feedback to date on the Bowtie approach has been positive, both within the client and contractor organisations. Bowties provide a method of communicating the client’s expectations about levels of protection to infrastructure project contractors and address the following key requirements: Allow contractors to understand risk management requirements in detail and to price jobs accordingly; Enable identification of gaps in the barrier of key risks and facilitate implementation of best practice; Can be used by the client as a project safety assurance tool to check the risk management measures in place against those defined in the Bowtie; Demonstrate to the regulator that the client is communicating a clear ‘safety story’ throughout a project. This paper describes the Bowtie development process in accordance with Ten Golden Rules including how human factors can be incorporated in a systematic and meaningful way. It will demonstrate how the Bowties developed within this project represent in a clear and accessible manner what constitutes industry best practice with regard to controlling important safety risks in construction projects.
3
Aust, Jonas, and Dirk Pons. "A Systematic Methodology for Developing Bowtie in Risk Assessment: Application to Borescope Inspection." Aerospace 7, no. 7 (June 29, 2020): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace7070086.
Анотація:
Background—Bowtie analysis is a broadly used tool in risk management to identify root causes and consequences of hazards and show barriers that can prevent or mitigate the events to happen. Limitations of the method are reliance on judgement and an ad hoc development process. Purpose—Systematic approaches are needed to identify threats and consequences, and to ascertain mitigation and prevention barriers. Results—A new conceptual framework is introduced by combining the Bowtie method with the 6M structure of Ishikawa to categorise the threats, consequences and barriers. The method is developed for visual inspection of gas turbine components, for which an example is provided. Originality—Provision of a more systematic methodology has the potential to result in more comprehensive Bowtie risk assessments, with less chance of serious omissions. The method is expected to find application in the broader industry, and to support operators who are non-risk experts but have application-specific knowledge, when performing Bowtie risk assessment.
4
Zamree Amin and Roslina Mohammad. "Bowtie analysis for risk assessment of confined space at sewerage construction project." Progress in Energy and Environment 24, no. 1 (March 27, 2023): 22–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/progee.24.1.2234.
Анотація:
This paper aims to investigate the issues related to safety in confined space at the sewerage treatment plant construction project in the Hulu Langat district and to provide a solution by proposing a substantial approach to mitigating risk during confined space entry due to an ineffective risk assessment and poor compliance by project management. The methods used were site visit observation and survey, followed by an analysis of the selected risk assessment method. The site visit to the sewerage treatment plant project investigated the compliance of confined space risk assessment documents to established requirements such as OSHA 1994, FMA 1967, ICOP 2010, HIRARC Guidelines 2008, Quebec Regulation 2015, ISO 31010, HSE UK, and BCGA UK. The selected risk assessment method was analyzed with Bowtie Risk Assessment by referring to the preventive approach concept or barrier analysis. Next, additional information relevant to risk assessment from journals was included. Evaluation of Bowtie Risk Assessment was conducted through a focus group discussion (FGD), which plays an essential role in developing the Bowtie risk assessment graphical framework. The proposed Bowtie Risk Assessment graphical framework provides a sewerage treatment plant construction project with a holistic technique for preventing confined space accidents. It also provides a safe work system, manages hazards and risks effectively, promotes good leadership practices, improves company reputation, and significantly reduces accident costs. The framework is also helpful as a reference model for other industry players.
5
Twumasi, Baidenger Agyekum, and Jia-Lin Li. "Numerical simulation study on bowtie antenna-based time reversal mirror for super-resolution target detection." Journal of Electrical Engineering 70, no. 3 (June 1, 2019): 236–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jee-2019-0032.
Анотація:
Abstract Bowtie antenna-based time reversal mirror (TRM), incorporating with randomly distributed and arbitrarily shaped wire metamaterials medium, is proposed to realize super-resolution target detection. The achieved performance for standard and scatterer bowtie antenna TRM is compared and discussed. The dual-band bowtie antennas resonate at 2.45 GHz and 5.2 GHz and a super-resolution of 0.0817 of the free-space wavelength at 2.45 GHz has been achieved. For the first time, studies show that the TRM with microstructure perturbations (namely scatterers) can enhance the resolution in some cases. Proposing a method of super-resolving transmission of electromagnetic waves is very important to realize multi-independent channels in a compact space for the related applications.
6
Astles, Karen, and Roland Cormier. "Implementing Sustainably Managed Fisheries Using Ecological Risk Assessment and Bowtie Analysis." Sustainability 10, no. 10 (October 12, 2018): 3659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10103659.
Анотація:
Determining the effectiveness of a management system to enable fisheries to harvest sustainably is a key challenge. To fully assess the likelihood that a fishery management system will not achieve its sustainability objectives, the assessment needs to include the whole pathway that leads to the consequences for management objectives. A crucial aspect of the pathway is the inclusion of management controls. Effectiveness of these management controls determines whether the effects of human pressures on ecological components and their impacts are reduced to a level that will not impede management achieving their objectives. Ecological risk assessments do not provide sufficient information to make decisions about what to change specifically in a management system to ensure a fishery is sustainably managed. Bowtie analysis (BTA) is a method that logically connects the relationships between management objectives, management controls, threats, potential impacts of threats on the fishery resource and the consequences of those impacts on achieving the management objectives. The combination of bowtie analysis and ecological risk assessment enables managers, scientists and stakeholders to evaluate different management controls and research options in response to risk factors and track the effectiveness of the management system. We applied a three-step method of bowtie analysis stage 1, quantitative ecological risk assessment and bowtie analysis stage 2 to evaluate fisheries management and science. We demonstrate these steps using a case study of a commercially fished species in New South Wales, Australia.
7
Bhayangkara, Anugraha Hari, Ary Setyawan, and Fajar Sri Handayani. "ANALISIS KECELAKAAN KERJA PADA STRUKTUR BAWAH BLENDING SILO PROYEK “EPC TALAVERA” TUBAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE BOWTIE." Jurnal Riset Rekayasa Sipil 7, no. 1 (September 29, 2023): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jrrs.v7i1.79202.
Анотація:
The "EPC Talavera" Tuban Project is one of the major projects located in Tuban. Given that the construction of the Blending Silo is being built at a considerable height and certainly requires a large foundation structure, the construction of the Blending Silo carries a relatively high risk of workplace accidents. The purpose of this research is to identify workplace accident risks and evaluate the causes, impacts, and risk responses to accidents during the construction of the substructure of the Blending Silo in the "EPC Talavera" project. To determine the dominant workplace accident risks, risk assessment is performed using probability and severity calculations based on the Risk Management Standard AS/NZ 4360:1999, resulting in an Importance Index value. The method used to evaluate the causes, impacts, and risk responses to workplace accidents is the Bowtie Analysis Method. The results of this research indicate that the most dominant workplace accident risks are the risk of workers being pierced by sharp equipment, the risk of fingers getting caught in the bar bender machine, and the risk of workers being shocked/electrocuted by electrical currents. Based on the bowtie method, the most dominant causes of workplace accidents are scattered sharp equipment, careless/inattentive/unhealthy workers, inadequate equipment, poor bar bender machine conditions, bar bender machine operating methods, exposed welding tool cables, rainy/extreme weather conditions, and electrical current leaks in welding tool bodies. The most dominant impacts of workplace accidents are minor injuries, serious injuries/death, fires, and damage to the bar bender machine. Using the bowtie method, risk responses or controls for the most dominant workplace accident risks are also analyzed, along with an analysis of escalation factors and their controls.
8
Shi, Hualiang, Ya Yan Lu, and Qiang Du. "Analyzing bowtie structures with sharp tips by a vertical mode expansion method." Optics Express 26, no. 24 (November 21, 2018): 32346. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.26.032346.
9
Putri, Ezmeyralda, Mona Lestari, Novrikasari Novrikasari, Desheila Andarini, Anita Camelia, Poppy Fujianti, and Titi Nurhaliza. "Bowtie Method: Study of Occupational Health and Safety Risks in Cement Production Process." Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia 17, no. 4 (December 31, 2021): 124–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v17i4.17948.
Анотація:
The kiln area is an area that has a very complex hazard potential in the cement production process. This study aimed to assess the risks of occupational safety and health during the production process in the kiln area of PT. X uses the bowtie method. This study used a qualitative descriptive design. The informants used were three managers of the clinker production department, one safety manager, and one field operator. Research data were collected through interviews and observations. The data were analyzed qualitatively using the bowtie method. The study results stated that hot dust could be dangerous if it comes out of the system caused by positive pressure, such as the Induced Draft Fan (IDF) turning off, causing losses such as burns to workers. Heat can be dangerous if it experiences a significant increase due to excess fuel, causing losses, such as health-related illnesses. Preventive controls were carried out such as routine inspections. Mitigation controls were carried out such as light signals. Escalation factors can thwart hot dust and heat control, such as the deformation of raw meals. Escalation factor control, such as the implementation of work instructions. PT. X has carried out control in the kiln area, but additional controls are needed.
10
Mubarok, Ahmad, Yuni Trio Anggoro, Hadi Prayitno, and Arief Rusdyansyah. "Risk Assessment of Aircraft Refueling Activities at the Indonesian Flight Academy Banyuwangi Using the Bowtie Method and Shell Model Human Factor." Journal of Mechanical, Civil and Industrial Engineering 5, no. 1 (January 19, 2024): 09–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jmcie.2024.5.1.2.
Анотація:
This study aims to assess the risks involved in aircraft refueling activities at the Indonesian Pilot Academy in Banyuwangi, using the Bowtie method and the SHELL Model Human Factor. The study adopts a qualitative descriptive approach to understand the emerging risks and human factors associated with the activity. Based on the research findings, fire risk emerges as the most dominant. These risks are then analyzed using the Bowtie method and the SHELL Model Human Factor to gain a comprehensive understanding of the causes and consequences of fire risk. Several identified causes of fire risk include non-compliance with procedures, absence of fuel flow measuring devices and fuel drum handling equipment, visual impairment due to sunlight, and inadequate temporary fuel storage conditions. Potential impacts include fire and significant damage to the aircraft. This research makes an important contribution to enhancing safety by providing relevant safety recommendations for aircraft refueling activities at the Indonesian Pilot Academy in Banyuwangi.
Дисертації з теми "Bowtie method":
1
Atie, Elie. "Modeling of high electromagnetic field confinement metamaterials for both linear and non-linear applications." Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA2044/document.
Анотація:
Notre recherche porte sur la réponse optique des nanostructures et nous sommes certainement intéressés à la modélisation de ces structures afin d'améliorer le confinement de la lumière. Ce confinement est un des paramètres qui conduisent à l'exaltation des effets optique linéaires et non linéaires, simultanément. Notre travail est divisé en deux sections, qui présentent deux effets optiques diffèrents basées sur le confinement des champs à l’intérieur du structure. Dans la première section, la réponse optique d’une nano-antenne à ouverture en forme de nœud papillon (BNA : Bowtie nano-aperture) sera étudiée en fonction de l’indice de réfraction du milieu. L’étude discute la variation de la longueur d’onde de résonance ainsi que l’intensité du champ confiné au milieu du gap de la BNA en fonction de la distance qui sépare l’antenne d’un substrat placé en face. L’étude prend le cas d’une BNA gravée au bout d’une fibre optique métallisée. Une étude numérique complète a été réalisée par des simulations numériques basées sur la méthode des différences finies FDTD-3D (Finite Difference Time Domaine – Three dimension). Le code utilisé est développé au sein du département d’Optique de l’Institut FEMTO-ST. Notre modèle numérique décrits bien la géométrie de l’antenne ainsi que la pointe. De même les propriétés optiques de la couche métallique de la sonde sont bien décrites à travers un modèle de dispersion (model de Drude). Une étude expérimentale a été réalisée en plus pour une validation des résultats collecte théoriquement, l’étude a considéré le cas de deux BNA avec des paramètres géométrique différents, néanmoins les résultats obtenues se correspond fortement aux résultats obtenues numériquement. Dans la deuxième partie, l'effet électro-optique des nanostructures sera étudié. L’effet électro-optique ou effet Pockels consiste d’une variation linéaire de l'indice de réfraction d'un milieu non-linéaire en fonction d'un champ électrique extérieur. Cependant, la variation est reliée au tenseur de susceptibilité non linéaire du deuxième ordre, ainsi, cette effet ce produit seulement dans les matériaux non-centrosymétrique. Dans notre étude les nanostructures sont fabrique avec le Niobate de Lithium (LN) qui est considéré comme le plus avantageux diélectrique pour l’exaltation des effets non linéaire grâce à ces propriétés (acousto-optique, électro-optique, piézoélectrique …). L’étude est complétée numériquement garce a des simulations basées sur la FDTD en tenant compte de la polarisation du champ. Au début, une validation de l’utilisation de la FDTD pour estimer l’effet électro-optique intrinsèque du LN a été achevée, l’étude considère un milieu homogène (pas de confinement des champs dans le milieu) qui a pour indice de réfraction celle du LN. Pour des structure qui présentes un confinement du champ plusieurs approximation ont été suggère dans cette partie. En outre, nous présentons un nouveau modèle auto-cohérent dans lequel la variation de l'indice de réfraction est modifiée au cours de la simulation. Plusieurs structure ont été discutés (réflecteur de Bragg, structure à cavité et 2D cristal photonique) qui présentent des facteurs de confinement différents. Une étude comparative entre les différentes méthodes, montre que la différence entre les résultats de chaque hypothèse devient plus important proportionnellement au facteur de confinementOur research is concerned with the optical response of nano-structures by modeling them in order to enhance the confinement of light in these structures, which leads to the exaltation of linear and nonlinear optical effects.Our work is divided into two sections, which are based on the enhancement of the electric field inside the structure. In the first section, we study the optical properties of a Bowtie Nano-aperture, BNA, as a function of the refractive index of the surrounding medium. The study discusses the variation of the resonance wavelength and the intensity of the enhanced field in the gap of the BNA as a function of the distance from a sample placed in front of our BNA. The BNA is engraved at the apex of a metallic coated fiber tip. In this section a theoretical study was achieved using the Finite Difference Time Domain method FDTD in which we implement a Drude dispersion model to faithfully describe the optical properties of metals. In addition, a validating experimental study was achieved and a high accordance between both results is recorded.In the second section, the electro optical effect of nano-structures is studied. Electro-optical effect or Pockels effect is the variation of the refractive index of a nonlinear media as a function of an applied external electric field. The electro-optical effect is a linear variation of the media refractive index. However it is also related to the second order nonlinear susceptibility tensor, thus it becomes a nonlinear effect that only occurs in non-centrosymetric material. In our study we chose the case of a nano-structure fabricated with Lithium Niobate. Lithium Niobate is widely used in photonic applications due to its electro-optical, acousto-optical and nonlinear optical properties. We present a theoretical study of the electro-optical effects using the FDTD simulation method. We started by approving the ability to use the FDTD to calculate the refractive index variation in bulk Lithium Niobate then we suggest different approximations to estimate the refractive index variation when the light is confined inside the structure. In addition we suggest a new self-consistent method in which the variation of the refractive index is modified during the simulation. The study shows a comparison between different assumptions (used in previous research) and the self-consistent method for various structures, like Bragg reflectors, cavity structures and 2D photonic crystals. The study shows that the difference between the results of each assumption becomes greater when the optical confinement in the structure becomes more important
2
Barnier, Thibaud de. "Evaluation quantitative des risques industriels avec incertitudes par la méthode du noeud papillon. Application sur un cas d'étude concret." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSEP037.
Анотація:
L'analyse quantitative des risques est devenue un outil d’aide à la prise de décisions pour toutes les activités industrielles exposées à des risques d'accidents majeurs. En France, depuis l'accident d'AZF, la réglementation a évolué et exige désormais des études de sécurité quantitatives pour évaluer et réduire les risques technologiques. Cette analyse a encore une forte marge d’amélioration, dont celle d’intégrer les incertitudes inhérentes aux probabilités d’occurrence d’événements et scénarios susceptibles de se produire. L’évaluation des risques industriels par la méthode du nœud papillon n’échappe pas à ce besoin d'évolution. A travers le traitement d’un cas d'étude concret proposé par Technip Energies, cette étude conduit une analyse pratique de la résolution du nœud papillon qui intègre les incertitudes aléatoires et épistémiques liées aux évènements et barrières de sécurité présents dans le nœud papillonQuantitative risk analysis has become a decision-making tool for all industrial activities exposed to the risk of major accidents. In France, since the AZF accident, regulations have changed and now require quantitative safety studies to assess and reduce technological risks. There is still considerable margin for improvement in this analysis, including the incorporation of the uncertainties inherent in the probabilities of occurrence of events and scenarios likely to occur. The assessment of industrial risks using the bow-tie method is no exception to this need for development. Through the treatment of a concrete case study proposed by Technip Energies, this study provides a practical analysis of the resolution of the bow-tie that integrates the aleatoric and epistemic uncertainties linked to the events and safety barriers present in the bow-tie
3
"Finite element analysis of slotline-bowtie junction." 1997. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5889131.
Анотація:
by Chong Man Yuen.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 125-128).
Dedication
Acknowledgements
List of Figure
List of Table
List of Appendix
Chapter 1. --- Introduction
Chapter 1.1 --- Background
Chapter 1.2 --- Ultra-Wide Band Antenna
Chapter 1.3 --- Finite Element Method (FEM)
Chapter 1.3.1 --- Domain Discretization
Chapter 1.3.2 --- Formulation of Variational Method
Chapter 2 --- Theory
Chapter 2.1 --- Variational principles for electromagnetics
Chapter 2.1.1 --- Construction of Functional
Chapter 2.2 --- Artificial Boundary
Chapter 2.2.1 --- Absorbing Boundary Conditions
Chapter 2.2.2 --- Perfectly Matched Layer (PML)
Chapter 2.3 --- Edge Basis Function
Chapter 2.4 --- Slotline Analysis
Chapter 3 --- Implementation of FEM
Chapter 3.1 --- Formulation of Element matrix
Chapter 3.2 --- Mesh Generation
Chapter 3.3 --- Assembly
Chapter 3.4 --- Incorporation of Boundary Conditions
Chapter 3.5 --- Code Implementation
Chapter 4 --- Finite Element Simulations
Chapter 4.1 --- Slotline
Chapter 4.2 --- Artificial Boundary of the domain
Chapter 4.3 --- Slotline Taper Junction
Chapter 4.4 --- Slotline Bowtie Junction
Chapter 5 --- Conclusion
Appendix A1
Appendix A2
Appendix A3
Bibliography
Книги з теми "Bowtie method":
1
Bowdoin, Ruth. The Magical Years the Bowdin Method At Home. Southwestern Company, 1989.
2
Listed, Not. The Magical Years The Bowdin Methods At Home. The Southwestern Company, 1989.
3
Acp Sowk 400/401-Social Work Methods I and II - Bowie State. Brooks/Cole, 2013.
4
Raydugin, Yuri G. Modern Risk Quantification in Complex Projects. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198844334.001.0001.
Анотація:
There are multiple complaints that existing project risk quantification methods—both parametric and Monte Carlo—fail to produce accurate project duration and cost-risk contingencies in a majority of cases. It is shown that major components of project risk exposure—non-linear risk interactions—pertaining to complex projects are not taken into account. It is argued that a project system consists of two interacting subsystems: a project structure subsystem (PSS) and a project delivery subsystem (PDS). Any misalignments or imbalances between these two subsystems (PSS–PDS mismatches) are associated with the non-linear risk interactions. Principles of risk quantification are developed to take into account three types of non-linear risk interactions in complex projects: internal risk amplifications due to existing ‘chronic’ project system issues, knock-on interactions, and risk compounding. Modified bowtie diagrams for the three types of risk interactions are developed to identify and address interacting risks. A framework to visualize dynamic risk patterns in affinities of interacting risks is proposed. Required mathematical expressions and templates to factor relevant risk interactions to Monte Carlo models are developed. Business cases are discussed to demonstrate the power of the newly-developed non-linear Monte Carlo methodology (non-linear integrated schedule and cost risk analysis (N-SCRA)). A project system dynamics methodology based on rework cycles is adopted as a supporting risk quantification tool. Comparison of results yielded by the non-linear Monte Carlo and system dynamics models demonstrates a good alignment of the two methodologies. All developed Monte Carlo and system dynamics models are available on the book’s companion website.
Частини книг з теми "Bowtie method":
1
Berhab, Souad, Abderrahim Annou, and Fouad Chebbara. "Reconfigurable Low-Profile Antenna-Based Metamaterial for On/Off Body Communications." In Handbook of Research on Emerging Designs and Applications for Microwave and Millimeter Wave Circuits, 166–200. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5955-3.ch007.
Анотація:
This chapter proposes a novel method to reduce the specific absorption rate (SAR) of a compact CPW antenna. A combination of three efficient techniques is employed to develop a dual-band bowtie metamaterial antenna with safer SARs. Following this approach, the authors have designed a low-profile antenna with a footprint of only 0.074λ02 and low backward radiation. The simulated results confirm the antenna's suitability for wireless body area network devices operating in the Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) at 5.33 GHz and 18.17 GHz frequency bands for military radar applications. The authors have developed two oppositely faced B-shaped resonators to form the bowtie-shaped DNG unit cell. A compact size and dual-band operation were attained by loading the bowtie-shaped into the CPW antenna. The antenna's conception used the available package CST software, printed on Rogers RT5880, and the CPW-fed monopole mechanism for the excitation.
2
Akarsu, Hikmet Temel. "The Man Who Fell to Earth." In Architecture in Cinema, 165–69. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815223316124010021.
Анотація:
The Man Who Fell on Earth, directed by Nicolas Roeg in 1976 and starring David Bowie, is an influential dystopia film on emotional episodes. Although the images seem to be about the world we live in, the story in its essence is based on aliens characterized through sublimation. The plot is briefly as follows: Aliens belonging to a planet that has exhausted the world they live in need water to survive. Leaving behind the last few surviving family members, the alien figure Thomas Jerome Newton (David Bowie) comes to Earth, a planet with plenty of water, to find a solution. His vehicle is damaged during the descent and is unable to take off again. Thomas Jerome Newton (David Bowie) in this, that is, our beautiful world with abundant water, wonderful nature, and endless possibilities, tries to seem like a normal person by camouflaging his real appearance and trying to find methods to send water to his own planet in order to save his family as soon as possible. Using his alien knowledge and technology, he obtains many patents and soon earns a large amount of money, under the astonishing, greedy, and lustful gaze of his lawyers and advisors. However, the wealth he gained unexpectedly in a short time and through successful patents attracts the attention not only of the state but also of many other intriguing and mischievous circles. Evil people who want to seize Thomas Jerome Newton's fortune meanwhile destroy his chance to return to save his family as well. A sustainable world and environment, green, organic architecture, environmentally compatible buildings, conservation of natural water resources, energy-efficient buildings, designs that consider carbon dioxide emissions, smart buildings, landscape, etc. , are the concepts that have settled into the focal point of architecture and have become significant after the 21st century. Although the movie “The Man Who Fell to Earth” was produced in 1976, it owes its worth to the fact that it introduces an early awareness of the agenda of this field in an indirect fashion.
3
Nogalski, Bogdan, and Tadeusz M. Falencikowski. "Unia personalna i jej funkcje w zarządzaniu grupą kapitałową." In Nadzór korporacyjny w warunkach kryzysu gospodarczego. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/7525-393-1.26.
Анотація:
Podjęty problem związany jest z funkcjonowaniem rad nadzorczych. Jakość oraz skuteczność ich funkcjonowania budzi jednak zdaniem teoretyków i praktyków wiele uwag i wskazuje na istotne mankamenty. Uważamy, że w pewnym sensie unia personalna – występująca jako rozwiązanie organizacyjne związane z pracą rady nadzorczej w grupie kapitałowej – może łagodzić część wskazywanych mankamentów. Z tego m.in. powodu celem opracowania jest przeprowadzenie - w oparciu o metodę wnioskowania dedukcyjnego i case research – badania diagnozującego funkcje realizowane przez unie personalne w grupach kapitałowych. Unie personalne realizują bowiem ważne zadania służące tworzeniu równowagi dynamicznej w grupie kapitałowej, między spółką a spółkami zależnymi.
4
Wysocki, Mikołaj, and Maciej Lasek. "Analiza trendów zdarzeń lotniczych z wykorzystaniem integracji baz danych." In Mechanika w Lotnictwie ML-XIX 2020, 289–303. Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych, Polskie Towarzystwo Mechaniki Teoretycznej i Stosowanej, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15632/ml2020/289-303.
Анотація:
W artykule – przy zastosowaniu metody integracji baz danych – poddano analizie zdarzenia lotnicze zgłoszone do PKBWL w latach 2003-2015. Zastosowanie metody integracji baz danych do analiz tego typu faktów odznacza się nowością oraz efektywnością, pozwoliło bowiem na porównywanie danych w szerokim zakresie. Im bardziej szczegółowe dane poddawano analizie, tym więcej można było wskazać przyczyn zdarzeń i ich powiązań z okolicznościami ich wystąpienia. Na podstawie autorskiego współczynnika ustalono, że można określić zgłaszalność zdarzeń, a także, że wzrost liczby wykonywanych lotów powodował coraz większą liczbę zdarzeń, co wydaje się zjawiskiem logicznym, ale zarazem nie powodował on wzrostu liczby ofiar śmiertelnych. Bardziej szczegółowej analizie poddano zdarzenia z udziałem szybowców. W tym obszarze udało się powiązać przyczyny zdarzenia z charakterem oraz fazą lotu. Potwierdzono, iż największa ich liczba występuje w fazie lądowania i ma związek z błędem człowieka.
5
Wack, Maxime, David Veyer, Camille Peneau, Sonia Lameiras, William Digan, Alain Nicolas, Jessica Zucman-Rossi, et al. "viroCapt: A Bioinformatics Pipeline for Identifying Viral Insertion in Human Host Genome." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti220602.
Анотація:
Introduction: The implication of viruses in human cancers, as well as the emergence of next generation sequencing has permitted to investigate further their role and pathophysiology in the development of this disease. One such mechanism is the integration of portions of viral genomes in the human genome, as well as the specific action of viral oncogenes.inding integration sites and preserved oncogenes is still relying on heavy manual intervention. Methods: We developed an analysis and interpretation pipeline to determine viral insertions. Using data from directed viral capture, the pipeline conducts a crude genotyping phase to select reference viral genomes, identifies chimeric reads, extracts the putative human sequences to locate in the human reference genome, scores and ranks candidate junctions, and exports tabular and visual results. Results: We leverage common bioinformatics tools (bowtie2, samtools, blat), and a dedicated filtering and ranking algorithm, implemented in R, to infer candidate junctions and insertions. Static results (tables, figures) are produced, as well as an interactive interpretation tool developed as a shiny web app. Discussion: We validated this pipeline against published results of HPV, HBV, and AAV2 insertions and show good information retrieval.
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Wiązek, Paweł. "Stosunki wyznaniowe u progu konstytucjonalizmu w świetle francuskich doświadczeń ustrojowo-prawnych schyłku XVIII w." In Wolność słowa, myśli i wyznania. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/978-83-229-3813-3.4.
Анотація:
Autor podjął próbę nakreślenia złożonej problematyki stosunków wyznaniowych we Francji w najbardziej burzliwym okresie jej dziejów – w dobie Wielkiej Rewolucji. Jego intencją było przedstawienie zagadnienia z punktu widzenia historyka państwa i prawa w kontekście rodzącego się konstytucjonalizmu. Przyjęta konwencja obligowała do wnikliwej analizy aktów legislacyjnych (zwłaszcza: konstytucji) i przyjęcia jako podstawowej metody badawczej – egzegezy tekstu normatywnego, co w konsekwencji skutkować musiało stosunkowo oszczędnym korzystaniem z bogatego arsenału metodologicznego instrumentarium. Dotyczy to zwłaszcza kuszącej i cieszącej się sporą popularnością komparatystyki prawniczej. Zakres terytorialny i temporalny wybrano nieprzypadkowo, bowiem dla współczesnego kształtu stosunków wyznaniowych w sensie uniwersalnym, francuskie doświadczenia ustrojowo-prawne schyłku XVIII w. mają niewątpliwie znaczenie kapitalne. Dokonane eksploracje pozwoliły ostatecznie na sformułowanie licznych uwag, spostrzeżeń i opinii, które w przekonaniu autora stanowić będą godne uzupełnienie wciąż aktualnej dyskusji, budzącej rozliczne kontrowersje i polemiki.
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Lichański, Zdzisław Jakub. "Bolesław Leśmian i problemy komunikacji." In Teorie i praktyki komunikacji 2. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/8331-181-4.31.
Анотація:
Przedmiotem rozważań będzie jeden wiersz Bolesława Leśmiana Dziewczyna z tomu Napój cienisty. Dotychczasowe interpretacje ale i opisy tego dziełka wydają się niewystarczające. Ich autorzy nie wzięli pod uwagę problemów dość banalnych, a mianowicie – kwestii komunikacji. Jest to przecież wypowiedź, może raczej komunikat, który niesie określone treści i odwołuje się do jakiejś uprzedniej wiedzy odbiorcy. Wiedza ta oparta jest na tradycji klasycznej (Wergiliusz, Owidiusz), ale nawiązuje do pewnych wątków znanych i z twórczości samego Leśmiana np. Przygody Sindbada Żeglarza, ale i przewijających się w twórczości współczesnych mu twórców (np. W. Gomulicki, A. Asnyk). Stąd konieczność zastosowania klasycznych narzędzi metody filologicznej. Komunikat jest zbudowany w wierszu w sposób dość prosty, może jednak sprawić kłopot, gdy będziemy go analizować pobieżnie. Narzędzia komunikatywistyczne pozwalają na jego precyzyjny opis. Sam utwór to realizacja tzw. Światopoglądu balladowego opisanego już przez Stefana Lichańskiego. Zarazem Dziewczyna nie jest zaprzeczeniem wartości marzeń; ostrzega tylko, że nie każde z nich da się zrealizować. Trzeba bowiem ostrożnie wybierać bramę Snu.
8
Religa, Wojciech. "Tureckie działania neoimperialne na przykładzie Syrii i syryjskiej wojny domowej." In Granice i obszary wpływów w polityce wewnętrznej i relacjach międzynarodowych. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/8331-316-0.05.
Анотація:
Celem niniejszej pracy jest sprawdzenie jaki wpływ na region bliskowschodni i samą Republikę Turcji wywarły deklaracje i zachowania postislamskiej „Partii Sprawiedliwości i Rozwoju” (AKP) pod kierownictwem Recepa Tayyipa Erdoğana, która sprawuje w Turcji niepodzielną władzę od 2002 roku aż po dziś dzień. Dokonane zostanie to metodą porównawczą, poprzez zestawienie działań AKP z poprzedzającymi jej istnienie, rządami biurokratyczno-militarnej elity kemalistów, których nieformalny patronat nad państwem tureckim trwał od początku istnienia Republiki Turcji. Porównanie to obejmować będzie również strategie społeczno-polityczne, jakie AKP stosowała przed i po Arabskiej Wiośnie, która zmieniła na zawsze region bliskowschodni. Szczególny nacisk tychże działań będzie kładziony na relacje turecko-syryjskie, jako że Syryjska Republika Arabska stanowiła przedmiot szczególnego zainteresowania Ankary zarówno przed i po dojściu Erdoğana do władzy. W pracy mojej uwzględnione zostaną również działania stronników Erdoğana wobec napływających do Turcji fal syryjskich uchodźców oraz stosunek Ankary wobec kurdyjskich społeczności, głównie Kurdów Syryjskich, a także relacje AKP z walczącymi zarówno z Kurdami jak i reżimem Baszara al-Asada terrorystami z tzw. „Państwa Islamskiego w Syrii i Lewancie” (ISIS). Te trzy przedsięwzięcia na tle społeczno-międzynarodowym najmocniej bowiem symbolizują wykorzystywanie przez Ankarę czynnika syryjskiego do realizacji geopolitycznych ambicji tureckiego przywódcy Recepa Erdoğana.
9
Oreskes, Naomi. "The Depersonalization of Geology." In The Rejection of Continental Drift. Oxford University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195117325.003.0018.
Анотація:
Some historians have concluded that plate tectonics caused a change in the standards of the geological community, but the shift in standards of the American scientific community was not so much the result of the development of plate tectonics as it was a larger trend that helped to cause it. Geologists consciously chose to move their discipline away from observational field studies and an inductive epistemic stance toward instrumental and laboratory measurements and a more deductive stance. This shift helps to explain why geologists felt compelled to attend to the demands of geodesists even at the expense of their own data: it was the geodesists’ data, rather than their own, that seemed to be in the vanguard of their science. Geologists at the start of the twentieth century had high hopes for their discipline, and they were not disappointed. The Carnegie Institution’s Geophysical Laboratory became one of the world’s leading locales for laboratory investigations of geological processes, and work done there inspired scientists at other American institutions. At Harvard, for example, Reginald Daly joined forces with Percy Bridgman to raise funds for a high pressure laboratory to determine the physical properties of rocks under conditions prevailing deep within the earth. The application of physics and chemistry to the earth was also advanced at the Carnegie’s Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, where scientists pursued geomagnetism, isotopic dating, and explosion seismology.’ By mid-century, the origins of igneous and metamorphic rocks had been explained, the age of the earth accurately determined, the behavior of rocks under pressure elucidated, and the nature of isostatic compensation resolved, largely through the application of instrumental and laboratory methods. Similar advances occurred in geophysics and oceanography. The work that Bowie and Field instigated in cooperation with the U.S. Navy, and that scientists at places like Wood’s Hole and the Scripps Institution of Oceanography greatly furthered, had grown by the 1950s into a fully fledged science of marine geophysics and oceanography with abundant financial and logistical backing. This work —in gravity, magnetics, bathymetry, acoustics, seismology— relied on instrumentation, much of it borrowed from physics.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Bowtie method":
1
Pettitt, Glenn, and Philip Pennicott. "Use of Bowties for Pipeline Safety Management." In 2016 11th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2016-64243.
Анотація:
Bowtie diagrams have become a widely-used method for demonstrating the relationship between the causes and consequences of hazardous events following the identification of Major Accident Hazards (MAHs). They are particularly useful for illustrating how safeguarding measures protect against particular threats or mitigate the various consequences of an incident. Bowtie diagrams have been widely used in a range of industries for over twenty years and are widespread in the upstream oil and gas industry, as well as other high hazard industries such as mining and nuclear. Bowtie diagrams are used for a range of purposes. At their simplest, they provide an overview of the measures in place to prevent and mitigate hazardous events, and as such are valuable additions to training programmes. A bowtie diagram provides an excellent platform to show regulatory authorities, trainees and new employees the various threats to a pipeline system, and what barriers are in place to prevent and control major accidents, such that the risks are as low as reasonably practicable. The bowtie process may be used during design, construction, operations and decommissioning. The bowtie for construction is different to that for design and operations, being more to do with occupational safety rather that loss of containment. However, the construction bowtie diagram still plays a vital role in minimising risk. Whilst the typical failure mechanisms for pipelines are generally well-established during operations, bowties have a key role in informing senior management of the measures in place to reduce risk. Furthermore, a large proportion of major accidents may occur at above ground installations (AGIs), and bowtie diagrams provide a mechanism to help management in the protection of personnel and potentially of nearby populations. For both cross-country pipelines and AGIs, the effectiveness of each barrier can be established to ensure that the risk of loss of containment is minimised. More detailed bowties may be used to assist in identifying safety critical elements (SCEs) or safety critical tasks; developing performance standards and defining process safety performance indicators. Often, the hardware shown by the barriers may be considered as SCEs, particularly in the case of effective barriers, such as vibration detection along the right-of-way (RoW) (prevention) or gas detection at AGIs (recovery). Where such barriers are defined as key to a major threat, the bowtie diagram illustrates the importance of good maintenance systems to ensure that the barriers have a high reliability. Thus, by defining the SCEs in a logical manner, bowties may be a key element in managing the risk from a pipeline system.
2
Shi, Hualiang, and Ya Yan Lu. "Analyzing bowtie structures by a vertical mode expansion method." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Computational Electromagnetics (ICCEM). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/compem.2017.7912755.
3
Wang, Binwen, Qilong Liu, Chengyun Cao, Youjie Yan, and Tinyong Jiang. "A Method for Predicting Time-Domain Radiation Characteristics for Bowtie Antenna." In 2023 International Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Symposium (ACES-China). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/aces-china60289.2023.10249595.
4
Mostayed, Ahmed, Sikyung Kim, and Saurav Zaman Khan Sajib. "Novel Parameter Estimation Method for Chirp Signals Using Bowtie Chirplet and Discrete Fractional Fourier Transform." In 2008 Second International Conference on Future Generation Communication and Networking Symposia (FGCNS). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fgcns.2008.26.
5
Mirzaee, Milad, and Yanghyo Kim. "Design Method for Bowtie Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth and Controllable Gain Using 3D-Printing Technology." In 2021 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (APS/URSI). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aps/ursi47566.2021.9703864.
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Lu, Ying-Chou, Yi-Chen Lai, Jia-Han Li, and Chun-Hway Hsueh. "Fabrication of periodic bowtie structure on vanadium dioxide by nanosphere lithography for smart window applications." In JSAP-OSA Joint Symposia. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/jsap.2017.5p_a410_9.
Анотація:
Nanophotonics has been extensively researched in the past decades owing to the rapid development of the precision nanofabrication techniques, such as focused-ion beam milling and electron-beam lithography. However, it was limited by some disadvantages, such as high cost and low productivity. Therefore, a facile and economics method, nanosphere lithography (NSL) [1], for fabricating multiple nanostructures has been reported. Polystyrene nanospheres, with diameters of several hundred nanometers, were aligned into a monolayer. By using close-packed polystyrene nanospheres array as a mask, periodic metal bowties can be fabricated after metal evaporation and nanospheres lift-off.
7
Zanella, Paola, Charles Johnson, Kyle Collins, and Dimitri Mavris. "Filter-Based Detection of the Proximity to Loss of Tail Rotor Effectiveness within Helicopter Flight Data Monitoring." In Vertical Flight Society 75th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0075-2019-14707.
Анотація:
Loss of Tail rotor Effectiveness (LTE) is a critical low-speed aerodynamic flight characteristic that causes an unanticipated rapid yaw rate that will not subside on its own. Multiple factors influence this aerodynamic condition, like environmental conditions, helicopter model specifications and phases of flight. However, predictions of which of those elements cause a higher risk for LTE has not been determined as of yet. Because of this knowledge gap, pilots are often not trained well enough to proactively recognize the proximity to LTE, leading to several accidents in which the pilot fails to maintain directional control. This study begins to characterize the factors that contribute to LTE and the importance of this to helicopter safety. An LTE bowtie diagram is proposed to support hazard risk assessment and mitigation. The diagram is built through accident reviews and aims to give pilots a schematic summary of all the scenarios that may lead to LTE. Further, a new systematic filter-based framework able to detect proximity to LTE events within Helicopter Flight Data Monitoring (HFDM) is proposed. Safety-events detection is the main method of analysis used within HFDM. This method compares flight data to a large safety-event database, which includes predefined hazardous flight conditions and different levels of proximity to events. Through this framework, participating operators will be able to easily analyze data from multiple flights, visualize the results, and provide feedback to the pilots. This will promote pilots' awareness on the proximity to LTE during flight and educate them on conducting proactive LTE risk evaluations.
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Sneddon, J., A. Busby, and S. Hurst. "Practical Qualitative and Quantitative Models in Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage Risk Assessment." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/35314-ms.
Анотація:
Abstract Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) has been recognized as a tool to aid the decarbonisation of carbon heavy industries, with the storage of CO2 in the subsurface over geological timescales being a key component in the CCUS process chain. Assessing and managing the risks involved in subsurface storage of CO2 is required so decisions can be made about the design, operation, monitoring and acceptability of potential projects. As with existing industrial activities, a number of approaches exist for assessing risk ranging from purely qualitative approaches through to quantitative approaches. A structured, proportional risk assessment approach is proposed, aimed at identifying, analysing and evaluating the risk from a candidate subsurface store through a combination of qualitative and quantitative techniques to gain the most benefit. Development of a register of subsurface containment risks allows for the identification of scenarios of concern, which can be coupled with risk matrices to provide an estimation of the risk level together with its acceptability. More in depth qualitative techniques such as bowtie analysis encourage different disciplines to collaborate and enhance communication, both internally and externally, of the controls present for the most significant risks. The combination of bowties with a quantified, event tree-based model can allow for numerical determination of leakage probability and magnitude. Quantitative methods can therefore estimate insurance liabilities and allow comparison of options or with acceptance criteria. However, these assessments are underpinned by the quality of inputs. Given that the CCUS industry is still in its infancy, data surrounding event likelihoods and leak magnitudes, especially for geological leakage pathways, can have large amounts of associated uncertainty; this uncertainty must be taken into account when evaluated the overall acceptability of projects. Whilst both quantitative and qualitative methodologies for risk assessing subsurface CO2 storage have their advantages and disadvantages, it is when combined as part of a structured CCUS risk assessment approach that the most benefit is gained.
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Jaculli, Marcelo A., Danilo Colombo, José Ricardo P. Mendes, Cinara F. G. Marculino, and Beethoven G. dos S. Costa. "Operational Safety Risk Assessment in Offshore Oil Wells." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-95069.
Анотація:
Abstract Identifying and analyzing hazards and their associated risks have been a major concern of the oil industry since the Piper Alpha incident in 1988, but techniques to assess risks were only explored further in the last decade after the incident in Macondo. It became clear that there were many hazards associated with oil exploration and exploitation activities; therefore, these hazards had to be identified and proper measures to contain their damage had to be put in place. This led to a development in existing risk analysis techniques such as bowtie diagrams, fault trees, Bayesian networks and Markov methods, but also hybrid techniques such as Markov chain Monte Carlo methods and fuzzy fault trees. In this work, we presented and discussed a literature review on these techniques, focusing on their contributions to the oil industry, as well as existing legislation and standards concerning safety. After comparing advantages and disadvantages of these techniques, we proposed a methodology using graphs to assess the safety level associated to a standardized sequence of operations. This methodology is based on an ontology of operations (which provides standardization) and the concept of BIS (barrier integrated sets), which are sets of elements from a well that ensure safety to perform each operation. With available statistical data, or by using fuzzy sets to cover their absence, this methodology is able to quantify reliabilities and determine if a certain operation can be performed safely based on a risk acceptance criterion. In order to demonstrate this concept, we calculated the reliability of two primary BIS during the intermediate drilling phase and showed how the reliability changes based on the corresponding drilling operational sequence.
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Hudson, Timothy, and Peter Hudson. "Famous Barriers Within the Bowtie Levels Analysis: Creating Middle and Senior Management Understanding About the Relative Importance of Management Activities. Providing Mathematical Methods." In SPE International Conference and Exhibition on Health, Safety, Environment, and Sustainability. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/199424-ms.
Звіти організацій з теми "Bowtie method":
1
Łapińska, Justyna, Agata Sudolska, Joanna Górka, Iwona Escher, Grzegorz Kądzielawski, and Paweł Brzustewicz. Zaufanie pracowników do sztucznej inteligencji w przedsiębiorstwach przemysłowych funkcjonujących w Polsce. Raport z badania. Institute of Economic Research, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/eep.rep.2020.1.
Анотація:
Sztuczna inteligencja (SI) coraz częściej wpływa na życie jednostek oraz funkcjonowanie społeczeństw jako całości. W ostatnim czasie rośnie również znaczenie sztucznej inteligencji w biznesie, w którym posiada ona coraz szerszy zakres zastosowań. Definicje sztucznej inteligencji różnią się w zależności od kontekstu, w którym to pojęcie jest używane. W najprostszym ujęciu przez sztuczną inteligencję rozumie się systemy lub maszyny na nich oparte, które naśladują ludzką inteligencję podczas wykonywania określonych zadań i dodatkowo mogą się interaktywnie doskonalić (uczyć) na podstawie zbieranych informacji. Postrzegane korzyści i zagrożenia związane z wdrażaniem w przedsiębiorstwach rozwiązań z zakresu sztucznej inteligencji mogą różnić się w zależności od tego, kto dokonuje oceny zjawiska. To, co dla pracodawcy stanowi korzyść (np. obniżenie kosztów pracy), przez pracowników może być postrzegane jako realne zagrożenie związane z utratą pracy (zastąpienie pracownika przez rozwiązania oparte o sztuczną inteligencję). Ograniczenie wspomnianych obaw będzie możliwe tylko wówczas, gdy sztuczna inteligencja będzie rozwijana i wdrażana w firmach w sposób właściwy, pozwalający zdobyć zaufanie pracowników. Zaufanie ukierunkowane na technologię jawi się jako niezwykle ważna i interesująca poznawczo kategoria. Zaufanie do technologii przejawia się w gotowości człowieka do bycia pod wpływem technologii, wynikającej z użyteczności tej technologii, przewidywalności skutków jej działania a także wiarygodności jej dostawców. Pojęcie zaufania do technologii odnosi się zatem do wiary, iż druga strona relacji – w tym przypadku technologia – będzie działać w sposób przewidywalny i niezawodny, zapewniający pozytywne rezultaty. Nie bez znaczenia jest tu również indywidualna skłonność jednostki do korzystania z technologii, będąca efektem jej cech osobowościowych, związanych m.in. z wcześniejszymi doświadczeniami, otwarciem na nowe doświadczania, chęcią ciągłego poznawania i uczenia się. Identyfikacja oraz pomiar zaufania do sztucznej inteligencji, rozumianej jako najbardziej zaawansowanej formy rozwoju technologii, jest swoistym wyzwaniem z uwagi na latentną naturę rozważanej zmiennej. Biorąc pod uwagę, że zaufanie pracowników do sztucznej inteligencji w przedsiębiorstwie jest konstruktem złożonym, wielowymiarowym i nieidentyfikowalnym bezpośrednio w zrealizowanym badaniu podjęto próbę jego opisu poprzez inne konstrukty badawcze złożone z elementów (zmiennych) identyfikowalnych, które odnoszą się do obserwowalnych cech. Konstrukty badawcze niższego szczebla to: ogólne zaufanie technologiczne, zaufanie do zaawansowanej technologii w przedsiębiorstwie, zaufanie wewnątrzorganizacyjne, indywidualne zaufanie kompetencyjne. Celem przeprowadzonego badania była ocena poziomu zaufania do sztucznej inteligencji pracowników przedsiębiorstw przemysłowych funkcjonujących w Polsce. Poziom wspomnianego zaufania zbadano w oparciu o cztery, wymienione wyżej, konstrukty badawcze niższego szczebla. Z uwagi na stosunkowo niski stopień rozpoznania w teorii i praktyce problematyki zaufania pracowników do sztucznej inteligencji, przeprowadzone badanie miało charakter eksploracyjny. Zostało zrealizowane w okresie luty–kwiecień 2020 r. w 29 przedsiębiorstwach funkcjonujących na terenie Polski. Ich dobór miał charakter celowy i wynikał z możliwości uzyskania w nich zgody na realizację pomiaru. Dobór respondentów w każdym z przedsiębiorstw miał także charakter celowy. Pomiar z udziałem wybranych w ten sposób osób zrealizowano metodą ankiety bezpośredniej. Wzięło w nim udział łącznie 792 respondentów. Opisane jednostki poddano pomiarowi w miejscu pracy. Stosownie do zaproponowanej metody zbierania danych, instrumentem pomiarowym wykorzystanym w badaniu był kwestionariusz ankietowy. Uzyskane wyniki poddano analizie w każdym z czterech zaproponowanych obszarów (konstruktów badawczych niższego rzędu), dokonano także syntetycznej oceny konstruktu złożonego, jakim jest zaufanie pracowników do sztucznej inteligencji w przedsiębiorstwie. Ocena syntetyczna wyniosła S=6,63 (w skali od 0 do 10) . Wynik ten należy interpretować z ostrożnym optymizmem, świadczy bowiem o umiarkowanie wysokim ogólnym zaufaniu pracowników do zaawansowanej technologii, w tym sztucznej inteligencji. Odwołując się do ocen cząstkowych dotyczących poszczególnych obszarów warto podkreślić, że owo zaufanie jest wspierane głównie przez indywidualne zaufanie kompetencyjne oraz zaufanie wewnątrzorganizacyjne. Te dwa komponenty zaufania są ze sobą ściśle powiązane. Wyniki badania wskazują jednocześnie na niższy poziom ocen uzyskanych w dwóch pozostałych komponentach opisywanego konstruktu, jakimi są ogólne zaufanie technologiczne oraz zaufanie do zaawansowanej technologii w przedsiębiorstwie.