Дисертації з теми "Bogotá (Colombia)"
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1
Garcia-Wernher, Juan. ""Domestic escapism : the Bogota Closed Housing Project and the fabrication of reality"." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27473.
Анотація:
This thesis explores the "Closed Housing Project" (CHP), a building type found in the Colombian capital of Bogota. Responding to Bogota's problem of insecurity, CHPs are groups of dwellings that are organised around, or within, outdoor communal grounds closed to the public and surveyed by an armed guard.The CHP, however, is much more than gates and guns. Due to its enclosure, it is isolated from Bogota's troubled urban setting. As a result, the CHP has become a marketing phenomena packaged and promoted by developers as an escape from many of the social problems of living in Bogota. The consuming public has accepted this option and popular culture now perceives the CHP as a necessary and appealing way of life.
Mostly drawing from the Bogota architectural press, this study argues that the insular nature of the CHP makes a return to earlier housing types typically found in Bogota, and thus is evidence of architectural continuity in the city. The thesis also analyses the role of the CHP type in contemporary consumer culture.
2
Cobo, Betancourt Juan Fernando. "The reception of Tridentine Catholicism in the new kingdom of Granada, c.1550-1650." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708347.
3
Morales, Rivera Alvaro Enrique. "El abuso sexual intrafamiliar en Santa Fe de Bogota, Colombia." Rio de Janeiro : [s.n.], 2003. http://teses.cict.fiocruz.br/pdf/riveraaemd.pdf.
4
Pinzon, Latorre Andres Augusto. "The Influence of Courtyards Thermal Comfort Study in Bogota, Colombia." Thesis, Illinois Institute of Technology, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10681398.
Анотація:
In the last twenty years, there has been a decrease in the quality of social housing projects in Bogotá, in part because private developers have replaced the Colombian government as the main agent. Degradation of social housing has been associated with related sickness of residents due to cold thermal conditions, particularly in children and seniors. In this context, business profitability has played against healthy indoor environments.
A common misconception of building in Bogotá’s mild climate (tropical) is that indoor thermal comfort is not a problem. It is based on the fact that outdoor conditions are relatively constant throughout the year without strong seasons, which in theory make acceptable conditions for thermal comfort of building occupants. Moreover, since residential buildings in Bogotá are naturally ventilated and no have space conditioning, thermal adaptation is expected to be more important.
Previous investigations on thermal comfort in the city have focused on the interaction between the local climate and a particular building configuration, but most have not explored occupants’ perceptions of comfort nor have they investigated how urban form and architectural features such as communal courtyards may influence thermal comfort.
This dissertation aims to better understand occupant perceptions of thermal comfort within the context of environmental conditions, personal adaptability, and urban form in Bogotá. The hypothesis is that an urban fabric that enhances solar access will improve the potential of a building to deliver a satisfactory thermal comfort to its occupants and energy savings in electric lighting. To test this hypothesis, courtyard buildings are explored as a way to connect people with the daily rhythms on their environments and reinterpret these spaces in the scenario of a larger and a denser city.
A multidisciplinary approach is used to address these enquiries, and through a field study thermal comfort is investigated in Bogotá. This methodology integrates knowledge from architecture, psychometrics, and statistics. The field study is performed on two residential projects that represent different urban configurations: the first project is organized in lineal blocks and the second project is organized around a central courtyard.
In total, 75 apartments participate in the study: 37 in the first project and 38 in the second project. Data are collected from them through environmental logging and surveying of residents. Information about temperature, relative humidity, radiant temperature, and light intensity is obtained through monitoring, while information about: thermal sensation, thermal preference, clothing value, and physical activity is obtained through surveys.
Statistical correlations, estimations, comparative tests, and summary statistics are used to analyze the data. These comparisons allow for an investigation of the influence of environmental conditions on occupants’ thermal sensations, the margins of acceptability of residents in multifamily housing, the influence of building features on thermal comfort of real environments, and the influence of courtyards as a solution for problems of comfort and energy consumption.
Key findings include: (1) outdoor climatic conditions (in addition to indoor climatic conditions) were associated with the thermal sensation of residents, suggesting that the indoor and outdoor climates are more connected across the building envelope boundary in these types of buildings that in environmentally controlled buildings; (2) the range of thermal adaptability of residences in these buildings was larger than in environmentally controlled buildings, suggesting that personal choice factors (e.g., choosing to wear more clothing to keep warm) are used to regulate comfort sensations in the absence of more advanced environmental control; and (3) the presence of a large central courtyard increases levels of comfort and also appeared to reduce electricity consumption for lighting.
The comparison suggests that the courtyard typology in multi-family residential buildings can be used to improve thermal comfort in social housing in this climate. Overall, this study offers a key insight into the complex interactions between climate, urban form, architectural design, and human behavior in governing human thermal comfort.
5
Canon, Claudia-Nicole. "The Bavaria Brewery : from brewery to museum, retail shops, and restaurant complex." Virtual Press, 1991. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/845980.
Анотація:
This thesis project was instigated by the interest to remodel a historic building in downtown Bogota, Colombia, South America. The Bavaria Brewery, the first and oldest beer producer in the country, will be transformed into a retail/recreational facility composed of small-stores, restaurants and a museum.The red-brick structure was designed in 1891 by Alejandro Manrique, to resemble a German brewery. As this brewery grew in popularity, the buildings underwent many alterations and additions. Sufficient changes were made to obscure the building's original design. As it's machinery was updated and more space was needed, the brewery was forced to move to a more industrial area of Bogota city.In 1988 a renewal plan was made for Bavaria Brewery site. New use was proposed for the area including residential and central activities. An urban central park intended to be the focal point of the project.Because the interior was in good shape, the original floor plan remained unaltered with only one new level being built using two-story spaces. The interior was designed for its new function as a shopping center, which has resulted in a place where there is a great variety of activities connected by a system of walkways, corridors, tunnels and two outside elevators.On the exterior all historic elements have been preserved, though all new elements are clearly distinguished from the old but in a manner sympathetic to the industrial character of the Bavaria Brewery.These buildings have been evolutionary in their structure, never static, they have been marked with the imprint of different periods. As a result the design will reflect the present, recall the past, and insinuate the future.Department of Architecture
6
Cuervo, Nicolas. "L’inertie et les changements urbains au prisme des prix du logement : Bogota, 1970-2012." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1067/document.
Анотація:
A partir de l’évolution des écarts spatiaux des prix du logement et des prix fonciers entre sept secteurs de Bogota, entre 1970 et 2012, cette thèse analyse l’ampleur des recompositions socio-spatiales de la ville. En croisant l’analyse urbaine et l’étude de marchés immobiliers, cette recherche aborde l’évolution des secteurs déjà construits de la ville et les variations des prix des logements anciens. Contrairement aux recherches qui insistent sur la profondeur et la rapidité des transformations des villes latino-américaines sous l’effet de la globalisation, nos résultats montrent que les différences spatiales des prix du logement restent stables. Seuls les écarts spatiaux des prix fonciers augmentent pendant notre période d’étude. L’analyse statistique des facteurs explicatifs de l’inertie des écarts spatiaux des prix montre que la stabilité globale résulte de la conjonction de deux tendances ayant des effets opposés. La diffusion des commerces réduit les écarts spatiaux des prix, alors que la valeur symbolique du secteur de résidence explique le maintien des différences spatiales des prix. Quant aux prix fonciers, la densification des constructions explique une portion des écarts croissants entre secteurs de la ville, mais reste insuffisante pour comprendre l’ampleur des évolutions constatéesFollowing the evolution of the gaps in housing and land values between seven sectors of Bogotá between 1970 and 2012, this thesis analyzes the scale of urban socio-spatial transformations. By overlapping urban analysis with the study of real estate markets, this analysis deals with the evolution of already-built areas and their housing prices. In contrast with research that emphasizes the depth and rapidity of transformations in Latin American cities during globalization, our findings show that gaps in housing prices from one area to another remain stable. During the period studied, only in the realm of land value gaps in prices between one area and another did actually widen. The statistical analysis of factors explaining the stability of gaps between housing prices from one area to another reveals that overall stability results from the conjunction of two trends with opposite effects. The spatial diffusion of shopping outlets reduces the gaps in housing prices from one area to another, to the same extent as the symbolic or perceived value of each of these residential areas keeps these gaps in prices entrenched. As for land prices, the densification of buildings explains to some extent the widening gaps in prices between some sectors of the city, but this one factor is not enough to explain the extent of the observed evolutions
7
Bunce, Steven Bradley. "Life After Wartime: Post-Conflict Governance in the Bogota Metropolitan Area." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/20194.
Анотація:
In recent years there has been an extensive output on challenges to democratization, peace building and the strengthening of the rule of law in Colombia. These have tended to focus on their more violent or overt impediments, particularly in rural areas of the country where the monopoly on force and interventionist capacity of the state has never been established, and how this will impact the implementation of the Peace Accords. The overarching objective of this research is to mine the contradictions, occlusions and erasures in these macro-narratives of Colombia’s current post-conflict period. I provide a detailed account of quotidian life of two neighborhoods of the greater Bogotá area based on sixteen months of fieldwork with informants from a cross-section of Colombian society. The first site, located in a municipality conjoined to the capital but disavowed as part of its metropolitan area, is home to the largest informal urban settlement of internally displaced persons in the country. Here, control of community life by illegal armed groups is tacitly accepted by local government officials and powerbrokers, while a sprawling universe of church, non-government and international organizations have assumed dimensions of state protection and welfare. The second is an affluent enclave of Bogotá with all the hallmarks of an exemplar, securitized global city, its families of old and new money far more aligned with deterritorialized networks of transnational capital and the Ivy League colleges of the Global North than with their own state institutions. Bridging political geography, Goffman’s social-psychological focus on dramaturgic action and a materialist approach to the country's severe social and political dislocations, this research navigates the extra-legal networks, buried structures and prismatic forces through which social relations are organized in urban Colombia. It conceives of these as operating across three principal layers with varying degrees of acknowledgement and acceptance by those in positions of power and privilege - public, private and covert. This person-centered and micro sociological approach to Colombian society brings into clearer view the factors that inhibit the attainment of a more redistributive democracy, the forging of an open and transparent public sphere, and the honoring of its historical debt to victims of its long-running armed conflict.
8
Wilson, Geoffrey. "Confronting Violence: Citizenship Performance and Urban Social Space in Bogota, 1985-2015." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555499239195763.
9
Rodriguez, Martinez G. "An appraisal of mastitis and the potential for its control in dairy herds on the savannah of Bogota, Colombia." Thesis, University of Reading, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378378.
10
Zapata, Restrepo Gloria Patricia. "The effects of music on socio-emotional and musical development in 6-8 year old children." Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.570420.
Анотація:
This thesis describes a research project undertaken in a school located in a deprive neighbourhood of Bogota, the capital of Colombia. The project investigated the effects of musical experiences on social and musical development by means of a mixed methods approach involving children, parents, and teachers. The project comprises three studies: an experimental intervention study; and interviews study and a psycho-musicological study. The experimental intervention study was carried out with two groups of 52 children between six to eight years old; the experimental group followed a music programme of a singing workshop in which children made musical improvisations. The interviews study carried out interviews with the children, parent and teacher conducted during the intervention programme. The psycho-musicological case study analyse the musical improvisations of six of the children. Data analysis includes the statistical analysis of the children‘s tests (Harter´s Perceived Competence Scale for Children, 1999)and Self-Efficacy in Music, Hargreaves et al., 2002), qualitative analysis of parents‘, children‘s and teachers‘ interviews and a psycho-musicological analysis of children‘s musical improvisations (Ockelford, 2007) and its relation to children‘s cognitive and socio-emotional development. The principal findings are that the cognitive component of the self-identity of children who undertook the music programme increased. This appears to be related to the children‘s cultural environment, their parents‘ attitudes, and the idiosyncratic ways in which they use music to express themselves. Music appears to help them to be resilient, to manage the challenges they face, and to adapt to changes in the environment.
11
Chavarro, Alvarez Marcela. "Formalizing Street Vendors in Bogotá, Colombia: The Network of Provision Services to Public Space Users (REDEP)." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-113519.
Анотація:
This thesis aims to describe in depth the Network of Provision Services to Public Space Users (REDEP), which is a new formalization program for street vendors in Bogota. The development of this study contributes to the research about street vending policies in Bogota, which have been studied little by the academy. To achieve a depth description of this program, this study approached three important aspects of the REDEP: the rationale behind its creation, its legitimation and its outcomes. In order to do this, this thesis has used Foucault’s concept of Discipline and the policy approach Aestheticization of Poverty described by Roy. In addition, Bogota’s street vending policies between 1990 and 2005 has been analyzed. Finally, 22 vendors working in REDEP’s kiosks and two officials working in REDEP’s management were interviewed. This thesis concludes that the creation of the REDEP has as main cause the negative perception of peddlers as threatening population to development of the Bogota as a “democratic” and ”equalitarian” city. Like other formalization initiatives, the program has aimed to formalize and discipline street vendors through the construction of kiosks and points of sale. REDEP’s outcomes according to vendor’s perceptions have not been completely positive in aspects like sales, working conditions and levels of participation.
12
Ritterbusch, Amy E. "A Youth Vision of the City: The Socio-Spatial Lives and Exclusion of Street Girls in Bogota, Colombia." FIU Digital Commons, 2011. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/432.
Анотація:
This dissertation documents the everyday lives and spaces of a population of youth typically constructed as out of place, and the broader urban context in which they are rendered as such. Thirty-three female and transgender street youth participated in the development of this youth-based participatory action research (YPAR) project utilizing geo-ethnographic methods, auto-photography, and archival research throughout a six-phase, eighteen-month research process in Bogotá, Colombia.
This dissertation details the participatory writing process that enabled the YPAR research team to destabilize dominant representations of both street girls and urban space and the participatory mapping process that enabled the development of a youth vision of the city through cartographic images. The maps display individual and aggregate spatial data indicating trends within and making comparisons between three subgroups of the research population according to nine spatial variables. These spatial data, coupled with photographic and ethnographic data, substantiate that street girls’ mobilities and activity spaces intersect with and are altered by state-sponsored urban renewal projects and paramilitary-led social cleansing killings, both efforts to clean up Bogotá by purging the city center of deviant populations and places.
Advancing an ethical approach to conducting research with excluded populations, this dissertation argues for the enactment of critical field praxis and care ethics within a YPAR framework to incorporate young people as principal research actors rather than merely voices represented in adultist academic discourse. Interjection of considerations of space, gender, and participation into the study of street youth produce new ways of envisioning the city and the role of young people in research. Instead of seeing the city from a panoptic view, Bogotá is revealed through the eyes of street youth who participated in the construction and feminist visualization of a new cartography and counter-map of the city grounded in embodied, situated praxis. This dissertation presents a socially responsible approach to conducting action-research with high-risk youth by documenting how street girls reclaim their right to the city on paper and in practice; through maps of their everyday exclusion in Bogotá followed by activism to fight against it.
13
Mosquera, Méndez Paola Andrea. "Evaluation of a primary health care strategy implemented in a market-oriented health system : the case of Bogota, Colombia." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Epidemiologi och global hälsa, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-86996.
Анотація:
Introduction: Despite Colombia having adopted a health system based on an insurance market, Bogota in 2004, as part of a left-wing government (elected for first time in the city), decided to implement a Primary Health Care (PHC) strategy to improve quality of life, level of population health and reduce health inequities. The PHC strategy has been implemented through the HomeHealth program by three consecutive governments over the last eight years in the context of continuous political tension stemming from differences between national and district health policies. This thesis is an attempt to provide a better understanding of the overall experience of implementing a PHC strategy in the context of a market-oriented health care system. The research aimed to evaluate results of the PHC strategy through the intervention of the Home Health program and to identify factors that have enabled or limited the on-going PHC implementation process in Bogota. Methods: This study used a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. A descriptive analysis was performed to assess direct results of the PHC strategy in terms of progress in the Home Health program coverage and increases in health personnel ratios reaching out to poor and vulnerable groups in Bogota. A cross sectional analysis was carried out to evaluate qualities of the delivery of PHC services through the attainment of PHC essential dimensions in the network of first-level public health care facilities. An ecological analysis was performed to estimate the contribution of the PHC strategy, through the Home Health program, to improve child health outcomes and to reduce health inequalities. A qualitative multiple case study was conducted to identify contextual factors that have enabled or limited the on-going PHC implementation process in Bogota. Results: The descriptive analysis showed a notable initial increase and rapid expansion in the development of the PHC strategy between 2004 and 2007, followed by a period of slower growth and stagnation between 2007 and 2010. The cross-sectional analysis suggested that the Home Health program could be helping to improve the performance of first-level public health care facilities. Ratings assigned to PHC dimensions by different participants pointed out the need to strengthen family focus, community orientation, financial resources distribution, and accessibility. The ecological analysis showed that localities with high PHC coverage had a lower risk of under-five mortality, infant mortality and acute malnutrition as well as a higher probability of being vaccinated than low PHC coverage localities. The belonging to a high-coverage locality was significantly associated with risk reductions of under-five mortality (13.8%) and infant mortality by pneumonia (37.5%) as well as increases in the probability of being vaccinated for DPT (4.9%). Concentration curves and concentration indices indicated inequality reductions in all child indicators betwen 2003 and 2007. In 2007 (period after implementation), the PHC strategy was associated with a reduction in the effect of the inequality that affected disadvantaged localities in under-five mortality (24%), infant mortality rate (19%), acute malnutrition (7%) and DPT vaccination coverage (20%). The main facilitators of the results achieved so far by the PHC strategy were all related to the commitment and good will of actors at different levels. Longterm political commitment, support by local mayors and hospital managers, organized communities historically active in the process of social participation, as well as extramural work carried out by community health workers and health care teams were highly valued. Barriers to the implementation included the structure of the national health system itself, lack of a stable funding source, unsatisfactory working conditions, lack of competencies among health workers regarding family focus and community orientation, and limited involvement of institutions outside the health sector in generating intersectoral responses and promoting community participation. Conclusion: Despite adverse contextual conditions and limitations imposed by the Colombian health system itself, Bogota’s initiative of a PHC strategy has helped to improve the performance of first-level public health care facilities in the essential dimensions of PHC and has also contributed to improvement of child health outcomes and reduction of health inequalities associated with socioeconomic and living conditions. Significant efforts are required to overcome the market approach of the national health system. Structural changes to social policies at the national and district level are needed if the PHC strategy is expected to achieve its full potential. Specific interventions must be designed to have well-trained and motivated human resources, as well as to establish available and stable financial resources for the PHC strategy.
14
Wells, John. "Learner reflections on the International Baccalaureate (IB) Learner Profile and international mindedness at a bilingual school in Bogota, Colombia." Thesis, University of Bath, 2016. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.687363.
Анотація:
The research presented here shows the reflections of some International Baccalaureate (IB) Middle Years Programme (MYP) and Diploma students of a bilingual school on the attributes of the IB Learner Profile and the extent to which these can contribute to students being internationally minded. I approach the research after reviewing the concept of the self and using pragmatic methodology The research consisted of a questionnaire and semi-structured interview aimed at eliciting from the students their opinion about the extent to which they had equal command of the different attributes and, if they had differing abilities, if they were seeking to improve their command of the attribute(s) and who they though could help them do so. I was also interested in knowing if the students believed that the attributes of the IB Learner Profile helped them to be internationally minded, as suggested by the International Baccalaureate. The results suggest that most of the students believe that they have differing degrees of command of the attributes and that it is necessary for them to develop the ones that they feel less proficient in. They tend to believe that the attributes are developed partly at school, but also by their parents, themselves and others. They tend to believe that they are similar in terms of character to students that study at schools that do not offer the IB, but academically they are somewhat different. That said, they also tend to believe that the attributes of the IB Learner Profile help them to be internationally minded, particularly those of ‘open-minded’ and ‘communicator’, which coincide with the theoretical position of Castro et al (2013) and Singh and Qi (2013). While the school seems to play a significant part in developing the attributes, students seem to believe that they themselves, and parents, also have a key role to play.
15
Pérez, Sarralde Sebastian. "The power of context and location : a spatial approach to model the market for new housing in Bogota, Colombia." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122196.
Анотація:
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.Thesis: S.M. in Real Estate Development, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Real Estate Development in conjunction with the Center for Real Estate, 2019
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 63-64).
This study introduces a geographical approach to analyze the market for new housing in Bogota, Colombia and address limitations of currently available research that is not sensitive to underlying spatial determinants in this city. The overall purpose of this investigation is to provide a framework to evaluate this market from a data-driven perspective in a context where information is often limited or disperse, while illustrating the importance of spatial interactions to develop estimations through quality-adjusted hedonic price models. The analysis is based on a dataset with information of more than 400 thousand new condominium transactions during the period between August 2010 and August 2018 in Bogota and surrounding municipalities. The properties are reverse-geocoded, assigned to their specific local planning jurisdictions within the city and surroundings, and analyzed in relation to their structural parameters.
The intersection between transactional and spatial data is explored to provide three approaches that contribute to the notion of the importance of social-political territorial subdivision as a driver of the residential market, while suggesting an initial route to develop accurate predictive models based on location rather than overly-detailed datasets for this city. The first approach consists of a comprehensive data summary that integrates several variables into graphical and geographical representations to portray urban characteristics of the city, reveal patterns and provide insights through the lens of the new housing market. The second approach involves the construction of quality-adjusted housing price indices for new housing.
The precision of a model with limited structural attributes is enhanced by including a combination of neighborhood fixed effects and factors that provide a qualitative assessment of the properties' socioeconomic context, a method that results effective to substantially augment coefficients of determination and lower residual standard errors. The scope of the price index is then expanded to analyze price dynamics according to locations and socioeconomic strata. Finally, the same methodology for the construction of the price indices is implemented to generate estimations for property area and prices at individual levels.
by Sebastian Perez Sarralde.
S.M. in Real Estate Development
S.M.inRealEstateDevelopment Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Real Estate Development in conjunction with the Center for Real Estate
16
Beltran, Jair Preciado [UNESP]. "Crescimento urbano, pobreza e meio ambiente em Bogotá-Colômbia: uma visão a partir de duas localidades." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95583.
Анотація:
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
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Faz algumas décadas a cidade de Bogotá tem experimentado um significativo crescimento urbano. Fatores como o deslocamento forçado, as migrações e as poucas garantias de segurança e desenvolvimento econômico nas áreas rurais fazem piorar este processo de crescimento. Mais de 72% da população habita áreas urbanas de Bogotá, capital da Colômbia, conta com quase sete milhões de habitantes tornando-se cidade mais povoada do país e gerando uma grande demanda de moradia e serviços públicos que não são cobertos na totalidade. Esta investigação foi levada a cabo em cinco setores de Bogotá - em cinco estudos de caso onde a situação ambiental e social, somada ao crescimento urbano, constitui um cenário complexo. Estes estudos de caso mostram a situação dos mananciais, um setor dos morros orientais da cidade, evidenciando a progressiva invasão de moradia ilegal e seus efeitos sócios ambientais.
For some decades Bogotá has come experiencing a significant urban growth, factors like the forced displacement, the migrations and the few guarantees of security and economy in the rural areas, make worse this growth. More than 72% of populations are living in urban areas, in the case of Bogotá the capital of Colombia, this count with almost seven millions of inhabitants, becoming the populated city in the country, generating a great housing demand and public services that don't cover in their entirety. This investigation was carried out in five sectors of Bogotá city, with the interest of case studies, where the environmental and social situation, added to the urban growth, constitutes a complex scenario. These case studies show the situation of the natural lakes and one sector of the oriental hills of the city, evidencing the progressive invasion of illegal housing and their social and environmental effects.
17
Rincon, Diego. "CUBAN JAM SESSIONS IN MINIATURE: A NOVEL IN TRACKS." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2774.
Анотація:
This is the collection of a novel, Cuban Jam Sessions in Miniature: A Novel in Tracks, and an embedded short story, "Shred Me Like the Cheese You Use to Make Buñuelos." The novel tells the story of Palomino Mondragón, a Colombian mercenary who has arrived in New York after losing his leg to a mortar in Korea. Reclusive, obsessive and passionate, Palomino has reinvented himself as a mambo musician and has fallen in love with Etiwanda, a dancer at the nightclub in which he plays--but he cannot bring himself to declare his love to her. His life changes when he is deported from the United States at the height of the Cuban Missile crisis without having declared his love. Through the thirty years chronicled in the novel, Palomino does all possible in his quest to return to the United States to find Etiwanda despite the fact that he knows she has grown to be a fantasy, an obsession of his imagination. Palomino’s quest takes him to the United States and back three times, as he becomes more and more desperate, as he becomes involved with drug traffickers and for-hire murderers like Polo Norte, as he loses track of what it means to feel alive. Palomino is trapped in a tug-of-war between his rational desire for a normal existence and his irrational but inescapable longing for Etiwanda. In the end, his desperation to get to Etiwanda brings the underworld of Polo Norte to her doorstep. "Shred Me Like the Cheese You Use to Make Buñuelos" tells the story of Polo Norte, Palomino’s antagonist, on his last day on earth, as he is followed by a writer who has agreed to watch him commit suicide. Together, the stories explore the history and nature of the Colombian Diaspora in the United States, and the violent circumstances surrounding the relationship between both countries and the migrants stuck in the middle of it.M.F.A.
Department of English
Arts and Humanities
Creative Writing MFA
18
Garcia, Jorge Luis. "The Foods and Crops of the Muisca: A Dietary Reconstruction of the Intermediate Chiefdoms of Bogota (Bacata) and Tunja (Hunza), Colombia." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5218.
Анотація:
The Muisca people of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia had an exceptionally complex diet, which is the result of specific subsistence strategies, environmental advantages, and social restrictions. The distinct varieties of microclimates, caused by the sharp elevations in this part of the Andes, allows for a great biodiversity of plants and animals that was accessible to the native population. The crops of domesticated and adopted plants of the Muisca include a wide variety of tubers, cereals, fruits, and leaves that are described in detail in this thesis. The Muisca used an agricultural method known as microverticality where the different thermic floors are utilized to grow an impressive variety of species at various elevations and climates. This group also domesticated the guinea pig, controlled deer populations and possibly practiced pisiculture, patterns that are also described in this text. Some of the foods of the Muisca were restricted to specific social groups, such as the consumption of deer and maize by the chiefly classes and the consumption of roots and tubers by the lower class, hence the complexity of their dietary practices. The utensils utilized in the preparation and processing of foods, including ceramics and stone tools were once of extreme importance in the evolution of the Muisca diet and form an important part of this research as well as the culinary methods that are described in the Spanish chronicles and by contemporary experts. The majority of food products utilized by the Muisca in antiquity are still part of the diet of contemporary Colombians and the current uses of these foods can allow us to understand how these products were used by this pre-Columbian society. On the other hand, knowledge of the practices used by the Muisca can facilitate the preservation of these foods in the modern diet and avoid the introduction and replacement of these foods by non-native products, which can be less nutritious.ID: 031001445; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Adviser: Arlen F. Chase.; Title from PDF title page (viewed June 27, 2013).; Thesis (M.A.)--University of Central Florida, 2012.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 191-201).
M.A.
Masters
Anthropology
Sciences
Anthropology; Archaeological Investigation
19
Deguilhem, Thibaud. "Revisiter le marché du travail urbain en Amérique Latine : segmentation, réseaux sociaux et qualité de l'emploi à Bogota." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0258/document.
Анотація:
Dans le contexte latino-américain, façonné par une urbanisation rapide, de fortes inégalités et une faiblesse des institutions de placement de la main d’oeuvre, les problématiques liées à la structure du marché du travail et à l’effet des dispositifs d’intermédiation relationnelle sur les performances dans l’emploi apparaissent fondamentales. Cette thèse se propose de décrire la structure du marché du travail et d’analyser les effets des réseaux de relations sur la qualité de l’emploi et les performances des actifs occupés à Bogota (Colombie). Elle adopte une démarche de recherche pluridisciplinaire reposant sur un cadre d’analyse socioéconomique et institutionnaliste. Dans une première partie, une réflexion théorique et analytique est tout d’abord conduite autour de la notion de qualité de l’emploi envisagée comme un nouvel indicateur de performance. Au prisme de la théorie de la segmentation du marché du travail, l’analyse de ce nouvel indicateur permet d’envisager les logiques et les effets différentiés du recours aux relations sociales. À partir de données quantitatives (enquête ménage geih de 2013) et qualitatives (entretiens collectifs), l’analyse exploratoire multidimensionnelle, économétrique et compréhensive permet de vérifier que : (i.) la qualité de l’emploi traduit une structure fortement polarisée du marché du travail à Bogota, (ii.) l’usage des relations est associé différemment à la qualité de l’emploi des travailleurs en fonction de leur segment, des réseaux de nécessité (segment vulnérable) s’opposant à des réseaux d’opportunité (segment protégé). Dans une seconde partie, s’appuyant sur les théories de l’encastrement et de la sociologie des réseaux, la thèse se propose d’explorer plus précisément les effets des différentes dimensions, configurations et mécanismes de réseau de relations personnelles sur les performances dans l’emploi. À partir d’un système spécifique d’enquêtes mixtes déployé à Bogota entre 2016 et 2018 des données originales de réseaux égocentrés ont été collectées. Les analyses statistiques multidimensionnelles et économétriques ainsi que l’analyse des narrations quantifiées mettent en évidence que : (i.) la combinaison entre un réseau potentiel étendu et un réseau actif cohésif augmente le temps de recherche mais aussi la probabilité de trouver un emploi plus satisfaisant, (ii.) la force des liens apparaît contextualisée et est corrélée négativement avec le revenu et positivement avec l’évolution de ce dernier entre deux emplois, (iii.) au cours des trajectoires professionnelles des acteurs, les ressources nécessaires et les relations permettant d’y accéder se différencient nettement en fonction du type de changement d’emploi (incrémental ou radical)In the Latin American context, shaped by rapid urbanization, high inequalities and the weakness of labor institutions, issues related to the structure of the labor market and the effect of relational intermediation on job performance appear fundamental. This thesis aims to describe the structure of employment and analyzes the effects of social networks on the quality of employment and the performance of workers in Bogota’s labor market (Colombia). This work adopts a multidisciplinary research approach based on a socioeconomic and institutionalist framework. In the first part, a theoretical and analytical reflection is conducted through the notion of quality of employment, to overcome the classical typologies commonly used in developing countries. From this perspective, quality of employment can be seen as a new performance indicator grasped through the prism of the labor market segmentation theory, making possible to consider the rationales and the differential effects produced by the use of social networks. Subsequently, based on quantitative data from the household survey (geih, 2013) supplemented by information collected through focus groups, the multidimensional, econometric and comprehensive exploratory analysis allows to empirically verify that : (i.) quality of employment reflects a strongly polarized structure of the labor market in Bogota, (ii.) the use of social networks is associated differently with the quality of employment of workers according to their segment ; opposing necessity networks (for the vulnerable segment) and opportunity networks (for the protected segment). Based on the theories of the embeddedness and the sociology of networks, the second part of this thesis proposes to explore the dimensions, configurations and mechanisms of different types of social networks to get a job. Using original data on egocentric networks collected from a specific mixed survey system deployed in Bogota between 2016 and 2018, the empirical results from multidimensional and econometric analyzes and, the application of quantified narratives method demonstrate that : (i.) the combination of an extended potential network and a cohesive active network increases the search time but also the probability of finding a satisfactory job, (ii.) the strength of ties appears contextualized and negatively correlated with income but positively with its evolution between the last and the current job, (iii.) during the actors’ labor market trajectories, the necessary resources for changing job and the relationships to access them are clearly differentiated by the type of evolution (incremental or radical)
20
Shaw, Malissa Kay. "Embodied agency and agentic bodies : negotiating medicalization in Colombian assisted reproduction." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22859.
Анотація:
This thesis explores the processual nature of agency and constraints in the experience of medicalized conception in a not yet explored locale: Bogota, Colombia. In ten months of ethnographic research at two fertility centers in Bogota, and interview data from over 100 in-depth interviews with women and men undergoing ARTs and clinic staff, a complex ART industry driven by both doctors (qua entrepreneurs) and the couples seeking medicalized conception was explored. This thesis identifies how relationships in the clinic combined with understandings of “the fragmented body” (as a medicalized object under scrutiny) and “the self” (as a conscious agent), to produce intricate dynamics of agency and constraints that co-evolved in a processual manner. Tracing the experiences of women in infertility treatment chronologically, the thesis explores how knowledge was established and renegotiated through productive power fields that relationally incorporated embodied, personal knowledge and authoritative medical expertise. Women adapted to constraints in both active and passive ways to create and assert their ever-transforming agentive capacities. In these processes, they were constantly reflecting on, and renegotiating their position in the treatment process, as well as in their social lives more broadly. Drawing on, and seeking to contribute to, literature on agency in ARTs from across the world, particularly literature that considers agency as a process co-established by the constraints it confronts, this thesis makes two key arguments: First, that agency in Colombian ART clinics is defined as reflection and renegotiation, rather than as something which occurs at a singular moment of reflection and renegotiation. Second, that this negotiated process is constrained, but not contained. In other words, agency is a process that looks both backwards and forwards. Women and couples incorporated different personal histories and embodied knowledge into negotiating the treatment process and constraints they encountered, and adapted their experiences of ART treatments to other aspects of their lives, negotiating constraints that reach beyond the clinical setting.
21
Cárdenas, B. José Luis. "Gonzalo Serrano: La querella en torno al silogismo 1605-1704. Conocimiento versus forma lógica. Bogota: Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2006, 271 pp." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú - Departamento de Humanidades, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113111.
22
Mosquera, Gonzalo. "THE COMMUNITY OF "EL RECREO:" A CASESTUDY IN SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT IMPLEMENTATION AS A STRATEGY TO ACHIEVE HOUSING SOLUTIONS FOR MARGINALIZED COMMUNITIES IN BOGOTA COLOMBIA." The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/555388.
23
Camacho, Duran Maria Victoria. "A aula de educação fisica como reprodutora de estereotipos de genero a luz da experiencia no Colegio "Inem Santiago Perez" : Santa-Fé de Bogota-Colombia." [s.n.], 1999. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/274839.
Анотація:
Orientador: Silvana VenancioDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Fisica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-28T14:32:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CamachoDuran_MariaVictoria_M.pdf: 4600383 bytes, checksum: 1911e2cce3c6fccb98a39df519b772d0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1999
Resumo: Nesta pesquisa pretendeu-se explorar como através das aulas de Educação Física, se reproduzem estereótipos de gênero dada sua orientação biologista e esportivista que tem caracterizado a disciplina durante década. Foram utilizados depoimentos dos professores/as de Educação Física no colégio ¿IMEM Santiago Pérez¿, nos quais argumentam o trabalho em turmas divididas por sexo, a partir de uma entrevista semi-estruturada; entrevista que igualmente serviu de base para definir alguns pontos problemáticos que foram abordados em teses e, a partir dos quais, exploramos também a história da Educação física no país para entenderem melhor esta orientação. Abordamos a Colômbia, seu contexto político, econômico, e social, com o propósito de entender melhor como as realidades nacionais e internacionais afetam e se articulam na escola, a qual, através de seus currículos oculto e manifesto constroem identidades, entre elas as de gênero que são múltiplas e estão em permanente transformação. As diferenças sexuais se estabelecem partindo das diferenças biológicas feitas sobre os corpos, razão que nos levou a fazer uma abordagem histórica antropológica e sociológica do corpo, o sexo e o gênero, com o propósito de mostrar que este é produto de um construção cultural e não só natural. Esta situação acontece igualmente com os diferentes técnicas corporais, entre elas a ginástica e os esportes que, através da história tem dado resposta a diferentes necessidades de uma sociedade; impondo-se em todo este processo um modelo masculino, o androcêntrico, como única forma de olhar o mundo e de perceber as atividades físicas, ocasionando estereótipos de gênero na aula de Educação Física... Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital
Abstract: In this research we intended to explore how through physical education classes the gender stereotypes are reproduced based on their biological and sportive orientation which have been characterized this subject for decades. We used physical education teachers¿ statements at ¿IMEM Santiago Pérez¿ school. They base their work on groups divided by sex from an semi-strutured interview which was the base for defining some problematic points which were approached in this thesis. We also have explored the physical education history in that country from these points to understand better this orientation. We approached Colombia, in its political, economical and social contexts to better understand how the national and international realities influence and articulate in the school, which one, through its hidden and manifested curriculum builds identities. Among them we have the gender ones which are multiple and are permanently under transformation. Sexual differences are established from biological differences made on the bodies. That s what led us to make a historical, anthropological, and sociological approach of the body, the sex and the gender to show that this is a product of cultural building and not only natural. This situation occurs in the same way with different body techniques... Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic digital thesis or dissertations
Mestrado
Mestre em Educação Física
24
Olaya, Vega G. "Development and testing of the effects of new complementary feeding guidelines, with an emphasis on red meat consumption, on iron and zinc status and growth in infants living in Bogota, Colombia." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1382500/.
Анотація:
Background: Infants living in poor socioeconomic conditions in Bogota, Colombia frequently receive unsuitable complementary foods (CFs) and are at risk of iron deficiency and poor linear growth. New complementary feeding guidelines (NCFg) emphasizing red meat as a source of iron and zinc were developed for this population. Objective: To test the hypothesis that the NCFg would improve infant iron and zinc status and growth. Methods: 85 infants exclusively breastfed for ≥4mo were randomly assigned at 6mo to control group (CG; current CF advice) or intervention group (NGG; counseling including advice to offer red meat ≥3days/week). Continued breastfeeding was recommended alongside CF. Main outcomes were (i) haemoglobin (Hb), haematocrit (Hct), iron (serum ferritin (SF) and zinc status at 12months and (ii) growth from 6-12mo. Results: 85 infants were randomised (43 CG, 42 NGG). NGG infants had significantly higher red meat intake (eg. 5.4 (SD1.8) versus 3.5 (1.7) days/week at 12mo, p<0.001); significantly higher Hb (12.48g/dL (0.7) versus 11.96g/dL (0.9), p=0.009), Hct (36.6% (1.9) versus 35.5% (2.1), p=0.02) at 12 months, and greater change in Hb (0.4 (0.8) versus -0.13 (1.0) p<0.01) and Hct (1.04 (2.2) versus -0.15 (2.4), p=0.03) from 6-12 months. Red meat consumption was positively related to iron status. SF decreased and zinc increased in both groups but was not significantly different between groups at 12mo. Proportions of infants with anaemia, iron deficiency, and iron depletion were influenced by definition and cut-offs used, and by adjustment for altitude. There were no significant differences in linear growth from 6 to 12 months. Conclusions: The new CF guidelines were acceptable and showed efficacy in this population, with increase in red meat consumption and positive effects on Hb and Hct. The results also highlight the need to clarify and define cut-offs for evaluating iron status in infants.
25
Brodie, Abdullah. "Colombia: Postured for Failure, a Lesson in Counterinsurgency Strategy." Scholarly Repository, 2009. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/188.
Анотація:
There is little solid research that explores counterinsurgency practices against the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), not only from the standpoint of what is being done, but, rather, what should be done based on past COIN successes. Notable works on counterinsurgency in Colombia include the research of Tom Marks, who focused on operational strategy and tactics; Kevin Self, who professes the importance of controlling territory in defeating the FARC, by addressing the social and institutional ills within Colombia itself; and Dennis Rempe, who notes US involvement in shaping Colombia's COIN strategy. Using a comparative case study model, this thesis provides an analysis of Colombia?s counterinsurgency (COIN) strategies and tactics through the lens of successful and unsuccessful COIN operations in Iraq, Algeria, Malaya, South Vietnam, Thailand, Algeria and El Salvador over the course of the 20th and early 21st centuries. After all, no matter how successful a COIN force is militarily, their accomplishments will ultimately be fruitless if the conditions which fuel insurgency remains present. This paper begins by providing the historical context for the conditions which shaped the Colombian social order, which led to the revolutionary movement. It then follows the growth of the FARC, examining that organization?s strengths and weaknesses. The FARC is contrasted by outlining recent COIN transformation efforts within the Colombian government, to include little acknowledged failures and successes, strengths and weaknesses. An important focus is placed on Colombian President Alvaro Uribe Velez? Democratic Security Policy as the model for Colombia?s current COIN efforts. After next examining various ongoing factors contributing to the Colombian insurgency?to include institutional failures, illicit funding and the problem of paramilitary groups?this thesis examines past COIN efforts by other governments. Finally, after applying lessons learned from thee past COIN efforts?cross-referencing historically successful and unsuccessful tactics with tactics used and not used by Bogota in its fight against the FARC?I provide recommendations to the government of Colombia (GOC) on how to improve its COIN efforts. Although it is important to look at this problem set from an external standpoint, we must still factor in internal factors that have limited Colombia?s ability to emerge victorious, such as allowing porous borders, airspace and coastlines; placing a priority on killing or capturing the enemy and not on engaging the population; and the primacy of military direction of counterinsurgency; disregard of basic human rights; an insufficient judiciary structure; failure to halt financial support mechanisms; and the lack of an outlet for political inclusion . From this vantage point, we will be able to see that these elements?when properly implemented?have proven successful over time and may enhance GOC success and ultimately result in victory over the insurgency that has plagued their country for 40+ years
26
Parra, Agudelo Leonardo. "Street interventions for change: Designing with grassroots organisations." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/106912/4/Leonardo_Parra-Agudelo_Thesis.pdf.
Анотація:
This thesis explores how to achieve social change through street design interventions from the bottom-up in Bogota, Colombia. The study seeks to better understand challenges and opportunities of urban activism by examining two grassroots community organisations that tackle social issues including inequality, poverty, and segregation.
Design is increasingly being directed towards social change. This thesis outlines an innovative approach for urban grassroots organisations to address social issues through design. The thesis provides a critical discussion informed by empirical studies about the role of design in a post-conflict Colombia as an inclusive process for fostering social inclusion, and civic innovation.
27
Sierra, Cristancho Gina Paola. "Vivre en « Mode Bogotá » : pratiques et représentations dans une ville sous tension." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0118.
Анотація:
La thèse propose d’approfondir la question des pratiques et des représentations urbaines de la sécurité à partir de l’étude de trois secteurs de Bogotá (Colombie) : la Candelaria, la Macarena et Usaquén entre 2000 et 2018. Les effets de l'insécurité et de la violence sont analysés en relation avec les usages sociaux des espaces publics et les politiques de la ville. L’étude porte sur les expériences urbaines des citadins, leurs espaces de vie et les formes que prend leur mobilité quotidienne dans ces zones centrales à l’échelle métropolitaine de la capitale colombienne. Cette enquête ethnographique repose aussi sur le choix d’une « mise en conversation » de méthodes variées et de sources diverses ; allant des entretiens semi-directifs, en passant par l’analyse de cartes mentales et de documents institutionnels, mais aussi de représentations qui sont sous-jacentes dans certaines œuvres littéraires. Une telle démarche permet de mettre en évidence l’existence de compétences citadines propres à la métropole colombienne : un « mode singulier d’être » à Bogotá, qui se traduit par des stratégies et manœuvres développées par les citadins pour faire face aux situations de tension et aux diverses formes de contraintes. Les pratiques et les représentations de la ville prennent forme dans des cartes de navigation et cartographies, réalisées par des habitants des zones étudiées, qui condensent ces connaissances approfondies des rythmes, dynamiques et frontières du territoire bogotano. Ces pratiques révèlent un ensemble de codes partagés, reconnus et enracinés dans la société urbaine qui permettent d’apporter des solutions aux problèmes quotidiens liées à la sécurité. Ces modes d’être citadins impliquent plusieurs compétences de base qui se sont peu à peu converties en un « sens commun partagé » qu’un habitant de Bogotá doit détenir pour parvenir à maîtriser la ville dans ses dimensions matérielles, en particulier territoriales, mais également symboliques ou immatérielles. Ces connaissances expriment un savoir particulier du cadre territorial de la capitaleThis doctoral thesis proposes to widen the question of urban practices and urban representations of security on the basis of the study of three different zones of Bogotá (Colombia): la Candelaria, La Macarena and Usaquén, between 2000 and 2018. The effects of insecurity and violence have been analysed in relation to the social use of public spaces and the town's politics related to these issues. This study is based on the urban experiences of citizens, their living spaces and the ways in which their every-day mobility has been shaped in these central zones of the Colombian capital city.This ethnographic study is also based on the choice of a dialogue between different methods and diverse sources, from semi-directed interviews, to mind maps and institutional documents, but also of representations that are implicit in certain literary works. This approach brings to light the existence of citizens’ skills specific to the Colombian metropolis: a "singular behaviour” in Bogotá that is conveyed through strategies and manoeuvres developed by citizens in order to face tense situations and different types of constraints. The practices and representations of the city are shaped into navigation charts and maps, created by the inhabitants of the studied zones, that condense the deep knowledge of the rhythms, the dynamics and the frontiers of the Bogotano territories.These practices reveal a set of shared codes, recognized and rooted in the urban society, that allow the solving of every-day problems linked to security. This citizen behaviour entails basic skills that have become, over time, a “shared common sense” that an inhabitant of Bogotá must possess in order to master the city in its material dimensions, especially in the territorial ones, but also in the symbolic or immaterial dimensions. This knowledge reveals a distinctive wisdom of the capital-city territory
28
Montezuma, Ricardo. "Les transports urbains : l'organisation, la gestion et le processus d'urbanisation à Bogota." École nationale des ponts et chaussées (France), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ENPCA001.
29
Castillo, Gustavo. "Actitudes hacia las variedades del español bogotano : Un estudio sociolingüístico entre jóvenes de Ciudad Bolívaren Bogotá, Colombia." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Spanska, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-28020.
Анотація:
The general objective of our study is to investigate the attitudes expressed by young people from Bogotá towards the coexisting Spanish varieties. Specifically, it seeks to investigate the differences of linguistic attitudes from the categories of status and solidarity. The particular speech of young people in Ciudad Bolivar is studied as a factor of sociocultural identity. This study was conducted among a small sample of young people in Ciudad Bolívar, a popular suburb in Bogotá, Colombia. The sample consists of 38 informants between the ages of 11 to 24. A sociolinguistic survey consisting of five parts was used. In the first part, the sociodemographic data was collected, in the second part, a matched guise test was applied to evaluate the acctitudinal differences towards the varieties of Spanish, in the third part the informants answered in writing open questions. In the fourth part, a Likert scale of acceptability was applied to measure the degree of acceptability towards sociolinguistic items. The last part the informants express their acceptance of words and expressions in everyday speech contexts. The informants were divided into three groups: two groups of young students from public schools and a group of young people from a public park. The results of the analysis indicate that attitudes towards the standard variety are positive in formal and educational contexts. In informal contexts and comradeship contexts young people express very positive attitudes towards a non-standard youth variant. The results allow to recognize that this alternative variant of Spanish is characterized by the use of very particular words and expressions invented by the young people. The alternative variant is used as an element of identity and difference. Our research is an invitation to undertake more ambitious studies by expanding the population sample.
30
Drouilleau, Félicie. "Parenté et domesticité féminine à Bogotá." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0476.
Анотація:
Cette thèse analyse les relations de la parenté des employées domestiques de Bogotá dans la période contemporaine. A partir d’une recherche de terrain dans une résidence fermée du centre ville de la capitale colombienne et de 71 entretiens ouverts et histoires de vie, elle tente de comprendre quel est l’effet du service domestique sur les relations familiales de ces femmes. Pour ce faire, nous avons, dans un premier temps considéré la vie de couple et la sexualité des bonnes bogotanas. L’assertion selon laquelle emploi domestique n’est pas compatible avec une vie conjugale et sexuelle est relativisée et réservée aux domestiques à demeure restant plus d’une dizaine d’années au service des mêmes patrons. La plupart des domestiques rencontrées avaient une vie sexuelle, même lorsqu’elles étaient internas. Cependant, leur sexualité et leur conjugalité se voient affectées tout à la fois par la migration rurale vers les villes qui caractérise souvent ce type d’emploi, mais aussi par la corésidence. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons étudié la maternité des bonnes de Bogotá. Nous avons repéré un processus de dépossession maternelle à l’œuvre chez les employées résidentes. Plusieurs tactiques de résistances s’offrent alors à elles : la circulation des enfants et le travail comme journalière. Enfin, le dernier chapitre est consacré à l’analyse de la manière dont les enfants de domestiques perçoivent et vivent ce processus de dépossession maternelleThis doctoral thesis offers an analysis of the blood relationships and general kinship between Bogotá’s female house workers in the contemporary period. Through a field work in a closed residence in uptown Bogotá and 71 unstructured interviews and life stories, it aims at better understanding the impact of domestic service on those women’s family lives. In the first place I focused on the Bogotana maids’ marital and sexual habits. The assertion according to which a housemaid cannot afford a conjugal or sexual life has to be qualified for it seems to be trye only of the full-time employees living under the same roof as their employers for more than ten years. Most of the houseworkers I met had a sexual life, even when they were internas. And yet, their sexual habits and marital status do depend on both the migration from a rural to an urban area often necessitated by the houseworking system and the obligation to share the same place of abode with the employers. In a second place I studied Bogotá’s maids’ means to bypass material impediments and fulfill their role as mothers. I pointed out a process of maternal dispossession with the resident maids. They can adopt several strategies of resistance: either they rely on the circulation of children or they choose a daytime job. My last chapter is devoted to the issue of the children’s perception of this process leading to maternal dispossession
31
Ortega, Maria I. (Maria Isabel). "The provision of services in informal settlements /." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61302.
Анотація:
The provision of urban services is one of the most important issues in the process of urbanization. However, more than half of the urban population in developing countries does not enjoy any of these services yet. The public sector has been unable to provide services to the ever-increasing urban population. This failure has been met by the involvement of the private sector in the provision of services: nevertheless, private services are only provided to those who can afford them. The urban poor, who are the majority of the population in urban centres, are not able to afford those services. In the absence of public and private services, the poor have managed themselves to provide services. However, the provision of services by the informal sector has been attacked by governments, which have rarely evaluated or understood this sector. This thesis investigates how the informal sector has created different networks to provide services. In order to find out how exactly this phenomenon has taken place in poor communities, an informal settlement was selected in Bogota, Colombia for a case study. Service networks were identified and classified according to their nature, the operational and technical aspects were described, and, finally, the accepted level of services by the members of the community was analyzed and inferences were drawn. In this way, the studies showed that the informal sector through the use of networks assembled by community-based organizations and/or assembled by different individuals with private initiative were successfully providing services to the poor.
32
Beltrán, Cruz Lina Marcela, García Ana María Lesmes, and Suárez Olga Lucia Niño. "Plan de marketing de servicio doméstico a domicilio en Bogotá, Colombia." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/14505.
Анотація:
La evolución del mundo moderno ha hecho que tanto para hombres como para mujeres
escasee el tiempo debido a las múltiples actividades que realizan diariamente. La familia, el
trabajo, la educación, el deporte, el esparcimiento son factores que priman en las familias cuando
existe falta de tiempo, sin embargo, los oficios del hogar serán siempre una necesidad
permanente para mantener ambientes ordenados, armónicos y satisfacer necesidades de
alimentación y vestuario requeridos diariamente. Esta labor que demanda gran cantidad de
tiempo no es fácilmente suplida por los hogares Colombianos que carecen del mismo o de
experticia en los oficios del hogar1.
Como respuesta a esta necesidad, los hogares se enfrentan a dos retos principales: 1). Buscar
y seleccionar el personal adecuado que genere la seguridad y confianza2 necesarios para permitir
el acceso al hogar y que tenga la experiencia suficiente para desarrollar las labores
encomendadas y 2). Cumplir a cabalidad con la legislación colombiana en materia de formalidad
del empleo so pena de incurrir en demandas laborales y penales por el incumplimiento de la
norma (Decreto 721 de 2013). Dos tareas difíciles de cumplir, cuando se carece de tiempo y/o de
conocimiento en ambos aspectos.Tesis
33
Parias, Durán Adriana. "Le rôle du secteur locatif dans le marché du logement à Bogota : une approche systémique du marché." Paris 12, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA123008.
Анотація:
Depuis quelques années, la politique du logement en Colombie connait de profondes transformations, se résumant dans le retrait de l'État de toute participation directe au financement et à la production du logement, en faveur de la libre opération du marché. La recherche sur le logement se focalise sur la production, le marché est moins connu. La problématique de l'habitat locatif des secteurs populaires est l'objet privilégié de la recherche en Colombie et, en général, en Amérique latine. Bien moins connu est le secteur locatif dans l'ensemble de l'habitat dans les agglomérations latino-américaines, mais pour autant il n'est pas moins important. Cette modalité d'accession au logement n'est pas exclusive des ménages défavorisés. Dans une perspective systémique, privilégiant l'étude des interrelations entre les secteurs composant le marché résidentiel, cette thèse tente de répondre à ces questions : pourquoi des ménages aux revenus identiques occupent-ils leur logement, les uns en propriété et les autres en location ? Quelles logiques prévalent dans ce secteur ? Quel est le rôle (ou les rôles) du locatif dans la structure et la dynanmique du marché résidentiel à Bogota ? La méthode combine une analyse dynamique de l'évolution du marché et une analyse détaillée des segments que définit la relation logement/ménage. On met ainsi en évidence des caractéristiques, jusque là peu connues, du marché global et du secteur locatif à BogotaIn the past decade, housing policy in Colombia has suffered profound transformations manifested mainly in the withdrawal of the State from direct participation in the production and financing of housing, in favor of the free action of the market. Research in housing has centered on production, leaving the market relatively neglected. The problematics of rental housing in the popular sectors has been the subject of a great deal of research in Colombia and in Latin America in general. There is less information available about the rental sector in the overall context of Latin-American cities, even though this area is no less important : this type of access to housing is not reserved to poorer families. From a systemic point of view, which priviledges the study of the interrelationships between the sectors constituting the housing market, the present thesis aims to discover why, given families of similar income levels, some occupy rental housing and others own their homes; what logics prevail in this sector; and what function or functions rental housing fulfills in the structure and dynamics of the housing market in Bogotá. The method applied combines a dynamic analysis of the evolution of the market, and a detailed analysis of the segments defined by the house/family relationship, and underlines characteristics of the global market and of the rental sector which are still little-known in Bogotá
34
Mejia, Romero Sandra Milena. "Évaluation de la mise en œuvre du programme d'éducation inclusive à Bogota (Colombie) : une analyse des pratiques adaptatives des enseignants en fonction de leurs perceptions à l'égard du programme et de leur sentiment d'efficacité personnelle." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67072.
Анотація:
L’UNESCO (2017) affirme que l’éducation inclusive permet de reconnaître l’éducation pour tous comme principe fondamental favorisant la réussite scolaire des élèves. Pour ce faire, les gouvernements doivent toutefois procéder à une refonte de leur système éducatif et axer sur des pratiques adaptatives d’enseignement. Dans ce contexte, le programme d’éducation inclusive à Bogotá en Colombie a été lancé en 2017 avec l’objectif de permettre aux élèves ayant des besoins particuliers d’apprendre avec les autres élèves, en tenant compte de leurs capacités. La présente étude propose une évaluation de la mise en œuvre de ce programme à partir d’une analyse des pratiques adaptatives des enseignants en fonction de leurs perceptions à l’égard du programme et de leur sentiment d’efficacité personnelle (SEP). Pour ce faire, 124 enseignants appliquant le programme d’éducation inclusive ont répondu à des questionnaires permettant de dresser le portrait des pratiques d’adaptation de l’enseignement mises en place par les enseignants, d’évaluer leur SEP en ce qui a trait à l’implantation de ces pratiques et de décrire leurs perceptions à l’égard du programme. Les résultats montrent que les participants ont des perceptions positives envers le programme, disposent d’un SEP élevé à l’égard de la mise en place de pratiques adaptatives et le font fréquemment en réponse aux besoins particuliers des élèves. Par ailleurs, la considération des variables contextuelles d’application du programme, notamment la diversité des besoins particuliers des élèves de la classe, de la perception de l’enseignant à l’égard dudit programme ainsi que de son SEP permet de prédire 57% de la variance dans la fréquence d’utilisation des pratiques adaptatives. Ces résultats laissent entrevoir les potentialités du programme et les aspects à améliorer dans sa mise en œuvre. Des études complémentaires permettant d’investiguer dans quelle mesure les élèves ayant des besoins particuliers bénéficient de l’implantation du programme devront toutefois être réaliséesUNESCO (2017) affirms that inclusive education allows recognizing education for everyone as a fundamentalprinciple that promotes students’ success in school. In order to achieve it, governments must review theireducation systems and focus on adaptive teaching practices. In this context, the inclusive education programin Bogota, Colombia was launched in 2017 aimed to enable students with special needs to learn with otherstudents, taking in consideration their abilities. This study proposes an evaluation of the implementation of thisprogram based on an analysis of teachers' adaptation practices according to their perceptions of the programand their sense of self-efficacy. For the analysis, 124 teachers applying the inclusive education programresponded to questionnaires that provided a portrait of the teaching adaptation practices put in place, theirsense of self-efficacy with respect to the implementation of these practices, and describe their perceptions ofthe program. The results show that participants have positive perceptions of the program, a high sense of selfefficacy in implementing adaptive practices, and frequently apply them in response to student specific needs.Furthermore, the consideration of the contextual variables of the program application, in particular the diversityof the specific needs of the students in the class, the teacher's perception of the program as well as theirsense of self-efficacy, make possible to predict a 57% variance in the frequency of use of adaptive practices.These results show the potential of the program and the aspects that need to be improved in itsimplementation. Additional studies to investigate the extent to which students with special needs benefit fromthe implementation of the program should however be carried out.
35
Mendoza, Velasquez Cecilia Del Pilar. "Le monde de la rue à Bogota : la débrouillardise comme l'art de faire de la multitude." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0148.
Анотація:
Ce travail fait l'hypothèse que l'individu colombien moderne est arrivé à la démocratie à la suite du manque d'absence d'État protecteur et d'unité sociale, provocant l'émergence de pratiques individualistes. Les secteurs populaires se sont constitués de manière fragmentée à Bogota, parallèlement à la modernisation et à l'urbanisation massive. Ces secteurs ont construit des systèmes d'interaction fondés sur le Rebusque, ou débrouillardise. La créativité, l'ingéniosité des acteurs de la rue apparaissent dans la façon de négocier, d'échanger et de s'autogestionner. Leur capacité à jouer avec le système en utilisant l'espace urbain se traduit par un vaste monde informel. La Septima a été choisie comme axe d'observation pour regarder la ville, son histoire et les représentations que s'en font ses citoyens. Trois éléments sont explorés : l'individu populaire, la rue et l'action de se débrouiller. Les rebuscadores ont créé des formes de socialisation à la fois distantes et parties du systèmeThis work makes the hypothesis that the Colombian modern individual arrived to democracy after the absence of protecting state and social unit y, causing the emergence of individual practices. The popular sectors were formed in a fragmented way in Sogota in the same time as modernization and massive urbanization. These sectors built systems of interaction based on Rebusque, or life scratching. The creativity and inventiveness of the actors can be seen in the form of bargaining, exchange and self-management. Their capacity to play with the system using the public space is converted into a huge informal world. The Séptima was choosen as the observation axis of the city, its history and its representations by the citizens. Three elements are explored: the popular individual, the street and the action of life scratching. The rebuscadores have created their forms of socialization, distant and part of the system at the same time
36
Clavijo, Poveda Jairo. "Pratiques sociales, identité et violence : étude de barras bravas de football à Bogotà." Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030131.
Анотація:
La thèse présente les résultats d'une enquête ethnographique sur les barras bravas, groupes de jeunes hooligans de Bogotá. Cette enquête a trouvé que la provenance sociale des membres est hétérogène, cependant, tous se comportent de manière similaire en accord avec les règles du groupe. Les matches leurs offrent un espace rituel pour s'exprimer d'une manière particulière. À l'intérieur et l'extérieure du stade ils exposent leurs symboles d'identité collective et individuelle et utilisent la violence comme langage pour défendre leurs territoires, car il existe un rapport entre violence et territoire. Cette violence n'est pas exacerbée, il s'agit plutôt d'une " violence contrôlée ". Les barras bravas permettent de penser le football comme un espace propice à la prise de conscience de l'existence sociale des jeunes en tant que groupe contestataire, car la barra brava offre un espace sociale à travers lequel leur membres s'expriment contre la marginalisation de la jeunesse en ColombieThis thesis presents main outcomes of an ethnographic study of the barras bravas, juvenile groups of hooligans in Bogotá. Research shows how members of the barras bravas exhibit quite heterogeneous social backgrounds, but their behaviors are similar and follow the rules established by the group. Soccer games constitute ritual spaces for members of the barras bravas to express themselves in a specific manner. Inside and outside the stadium, members of the group carry symbols of both collective and individual identity. They use violence as a language to defend their territories. Violence and territory relate to each other. This is not exacerbated violence but “controlled violence. ” The barras bravas reveal soccer as a space that allows a better understanding of youth as social actors and, in this case, a radical group. The barra is a social space that members of the group use to express their opposition to the marginalization of the youth in Colombia
37
Mayorga, Henao José. "Segregación residencial e inequidad en el acceso a servicios colectivos de educación, recreación y cultura en Bogotá-Colombia." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/143772.
Анотація:
Tesis para optar al Grado de Magíster en GeografíaEntendiendo que la segregación se trata de un fenómeno espacial, la presente investigación problematiza sobre los factores espaciales que inciden en ella. De tal forma, a través de una reflexión sobre el modelo urbano de Bogotá, describe la influencia que han tenido la informalidad urbanística y los precios del suelo en los patrones de segregación social que se manifiestan en el espacio de la ciudad. Además la investigación problematiza sobre la relación entre segregación y la posibilidad de interacción que tienen los individuos. Va más allá de la identificación de los patrones espaciales de distribución de los grupos sociales e indaga sobre los efectos que tiene la carencia y el déficit en el acceso servicios urbanos en los que se puedan llevar a cabo procesos de interacción social. Por tanto, evalúa si la segregación tiene una relación con las inequidades en el acceso a bienes y servicios y cuál puede ser la influencia que esta tiene sobre la calidad de vida de los grupos socioeconómicos bajos. A partir de análisis espaciales y estadísticos, se muestra cómo las características del modelo urbano de Bogotá, determinado por la informalidad urbanística en el desarrollo del suelo urbano y la influencia de los precios del suelo en el marco de un mercado desregulado, han tenido como consecuencia la consolidación de unos patrones espaciales de alta diferenciación social y una alta segregación de grupos socioeconómicos con baja calidad de vida en la ciudad. Esta segregación refuerza las condiciones negativas de los grupos con calidad de vida baja, producto de la inequidad en la accesibilidad a servicios colectivos en la ciudad, principalmente a equipamientos de educación, cultura y recreación dado que son lugares de producción de capital social y por tanto de integración.
38
Gómez, Nieto Diego. "El devenir de la música andina colombiana en el colectivo La Distritofónica : el caso del cuarteto de Ricardo Gallo : diálogo entre tópicos, competencias y símbolos nacionales." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/129852.
Анотація:
Magíster en artes, mención musicologíaEl presente trabajo de tesis defiende, desde los conceptos de tópico y competencia musical, la existencia empírica de un tópico alusivo a la música andina colombiana en el disco ‘Los Cerros Testigos’ del cuarteto del compositor bogotano Ricardo Gallo, miembro del colectivo de La Distritofónica. Concretamente –a partir de una metodología documental, de entrevistas y de encuestas con base en los trabajos que el musicólogo Philip Tagg he venido desarrollando desde la semiótica musical– se alude a la existencia de signos musicales de orden sintáctico que, intertextualmente y en razón de unas competencias específicas y estratégicas, permiten la identificación del tópico en repertorios como el citado. Si bien se puede defender la pervivencia de las alusiones a la música andina colombiana en el disco, se defiende también que el tópico realiza nexos intertextuales con otras músicas que colaboran con su significación.
39
Beuf, Alice. "Les centralités à Bogotá, entre compétitivité urbaine et équité territoriale." Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00612768.
Анотація:
Adopté en 2000, le premier Plan d'Aménagement Territorial de Bogotá (POT) définit un modèle territorial de ville polycentrique. En conformité avec les principes de la planification stratégique au niveau international, des centralités urbaines, existantes ou à créer, sont identifiées et délimitées. Elles doivent articuler au niveau spatial des objectifs de compétitivité urbaine et d'équité territoriale : insérer la ville dans les réseaux de l'économie mondiale et démarginaliser les périphéries. Cette étude a pour objet de mettre à l'épreuve ce projet urbain à partir d'une triple réflexion au niveau des discours, de l'action publique et des dynamiques socio-territoriales. L'analyse de la mise en œuvre du plan par l'action publique révèle des expériences innovantes mais des écarts importants par rapport au projet urbain. Elle identifie de multiples obstacles dans la prise en compte par les politiques urbaines de la dimension territoriale, ainsi que la redéfinition des arbitrages entre compétitivité urbaine et équité territoriale. L'étude de la production, des pratiques et des représentations des centralités qui émergent dans les périphéries populaires montre que ces dernières ne correspondent que très imparfaitement à la figure définie par le POT de " centralités d'intégration urbaine " permettant d'améliorer l'accès à la ville des citadins vivant dans les périphéries.
40
Gonzalez, Perez Marcos. "Fête et nation colombienne : imaginaires sociaux à Bogota aux 18e et 19e siècles." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA081214.
Анотація:
Cette these a pour objet d'analyser le role, la place et la portee 1 de la fete au sein du processus de construction de la nation colom- bienne aux xviiieme et xixeme siecles. La demarche consiste a faire une typologie des differentes fetes en colombie qui ont un rapport avec le concept de nation, dans le but de degager les formes de so- ciabilite et les types d'assotiation qui les accompagnent ainsi que les imaginaires sociaux qui sont transportes dans leur scenariosThis work deals with an analysis of the role, place and scope of the festivities in the process of the construction of te nation in xviiith and xixth centuries. This study deals as well with the elaboration of a typology of the different festivities, in colombia, related to the concept of nation in order to explicit the sociabili- tis and associations related to the different types of the social imaginaries represented in these ceremonies
41
Montoya, Jhon Williams. "Bogotá : crecimiento urbano y cambio morfológico, 1538-2010." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29063/29063.pdf.
Анотація:
La thèse étudie, selon une optique de géographie historique, la ville de Bogotá, capitale de la Colombie juchée sur un haut plateau à 2600 m d’altitude. Fondée dans la foulée de l’expansion coloniale espagnole en Amérique, Bogotá est aujourd’hui une métropole de huit millions qui compte parmi les villes les plus dynamiques de l’Amérique latine. Le but de démontrer comment cette ville, isolée au sein d’un vaste pays montagneux, est devenue au fil des siècles un centre économique de premier ordre à l’échelle continentale. Au plan théorique, l’analyse mobilise trois concepts fondamentaux : la morphologie urbaine, où se combinent la division de la société en classes et l’organisation du territoire; le système urbain, qui place la ville à la fois dans un réseau d’échanges ou d’influences et dans son économie régionale; les discours urbanistiques, qui infléchissent idéologiquement l’organisation de l’espace géographique à l’échelle locale. Croisant constamment ces concepts, la thèse propose une synthèse de l’histoire urbaine de Bogotá. Pour ce qui est des premières périodes, qui se rapportent à la ville coloniale et à la ville républicaine du XIXe siècle, le regard se concentre tout particulièrement sur la dynamique du système urbain dans lequel s’inscrit Bogotá et sur la trajectoire de la ville comme capitale religieuse, administrative et économique de la Nouvelle Grenade et, après l’indépendance, de la Colombie. Concernant le XXe siècle, l’attention se tourne plus spécifiquement vers l’impact de l’industrialisation, de l’exode rural et de l’idéologie moderniste. Enfin, un dernier chapitre explore l’époque contemporaine en étudiant les conséquences à Bogotá de l’urbanisme post-moderne, fréquemment lié à la montée d’une idéologie néolibérale, et l’imposition d’une politique urbaine flexible et éloignée des contrôles gouvernementaux. De même y est scruté l’étalement urbain, en cours depuis deux décennies, et les phénomènes qui y sont associés : ségrégation, embourgeoisement, densification, métropolisation. Il apparaît que ces processus sont tous liés à une planification dérégulée et focalisée presque exclusivement sur l’espace public, la sécurité citoyenne et la narrativité environnementale.
Mots clefs : Morphologie urbaine, système urbain, discours urbanistiques, historiographie urbaine, métropolisation, étalement urbain.
42
Ramirez-Bernal, Maria Fernanda. "How effective will a BRT system going to be in Santiago de Chile? Case studies." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1203610888.
Анотація:
Thesis (Master of Community Planning)--University of Cincinnati, 2008.Advisor: David Edelman J. (Committee Chair); Christopher Auffrey (Committee Co-Chair) Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed May 8, 2008). Includes abstract. Keywords: BRT; public transportation; transportation systems; Curitiba; Brazil; Bogota; Colombia; Santiago de Chile; Chile; developing countries Includes bibliographical references.
43
Gouëset, Vincent. "La concentration urbaine en Colombie : de la "quadricéphalie" à la primatie de Bogota : 1930-1990." Bordeaux 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR30049.
Анотація:
Le reseau urbain de la colombie presente une certaine originalite a l'echelle latino-americaine. Il n'est pas domine par une seule grande agglomeration (situation de "monocephalie" ou "primatie" urbaine), mais au contraire structure par quatre metropoles de plus d'un million d'habitants (bogota, medellin, cali et barranquilla). Ce schema de "quadricephalie urbaine", qui s'est mis en place entre les annees 1930 et 1960, s'explique moins par la configuration de l'espace colombien (physiquement tres morcele) que par la dispersion des foyers originels de peuplement, par le developpement mediocre des communications interieures, par la nature de l'economie colombienne (qui repose sur une base regionale eclatee), par le caractere traditionnellement peu centralisateur de l'etat, et par le dynamisme des contre-pouvoirs regionaux. Pourtant, depuis une trentaine d'annees environ, le poids demographique et surtout economique de bogota ne cesse de s'accroitre. On observe un processus de concentration des industries et des services dans cette ville (en particulier les services superieurs), qui peut s'expliquer par une serie de facteurs tels que le renforcement de l'etat colombien, le desenclavement recent de l'espace national, l'ouverture de la colombie aux echanges internationaux (dont la plupart transitent par bogota), et l'unification recente du marche interitue, en meme temps que son "implosion" c'esta-dire la concentration des consommateurs les plus solvables dans la capitale colombienne).
44
Rodríguez, Prada María Paola. "La création du Musée national de Colombie (1823-1830) : l'influence scientifique d'un modèle français." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010661.
Анотація:
La création du Musée national de Colombie et de l'Ecole des mines de Bogotá en 1823 correspond à une représentation symbolique de la nation. L' ethos du musée est né d'un projet de nation civilisée, nourrie des idées des Lumières européennes et forgée dans les guerres d'Indépendance. La naissance des établissements scientifiques coïncide avec la période postrévolutionnaire de la République de Colombie, connue sous le nom de « Grande-Colombie ». Pour fonder ses institutions, le nouvel Etat cherche en France un modèle scientifique et s'inspire, plus particulièrement, du Muséum et de l'Ecole des mines de Paris. A Bogotá, le musée et l'école sont des organismes de recherche, de formation et d'application pratique dont la vocation est de contribuer au développement du pays et à la production des savoirs dans la communauté savante internationale. En 1830, la « Grande-Colombie », lieu des utopies, éclate et ces institutions, à peine mises en place, connaissent d'innombrables vicissitudes. Toutefois cette expérience intellectuelle et institutionnelle laisse des traces matérielles et immatérielles qui perdurent aujourd'hui. En effet, au cours de leur première année d' existence, ces deux institutions scientifiques ont posé les fondements savants d'une culture patrimoniale contemporaine.
45
Córdoba, Aldana John Harold. "Mobilité internationale et dynamiques résidentielles à Bogotá (Colombie)." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00939012.
Анотація:
La métropole de Bogotá présente une mobilité internationale croissante, caractérisée par une importante émigration au cours des deux dernières décennies, le retour d'anciens émigrants colombiens à différentes périodes et dans une moindre mesure, l'arrivée d'immigrants internationaux. Ces mouvements de population ont des effets directs et indirects sur les dynamiques résidentielles. La thèse les analyse à partir de la structure urbaine de la métropole, des stratégies migratoires et résidentielles, de l'évolution des pratiques et représentations urbaines et des modes de vie plus ou moins visibles dans certains quartiers de l'aire métropolitaine. Cette recherche se fonde sur une diversité de sources quantitatives et qualitatives : documents officiels, recensements de la population, enquête sur la mobilité spatiale réalisée en 2009 à Bogotá puis complétée par un travail de terrain dans deux villes européennes (Barcelone et Paris) dans lecadre du projet ANR METAL. Les processus spatiaux sont analysés aux échelles nationale, métropolitaine, de 12 zones d'enquête et de 4 secteurs localisés de la ville. L'appareil théorique et méthodologique permet de définir quatre types de trajectoires migratoires à Bogotá : le retour, l'itinérance, l'immigration internationale et la circulation. Chaque type de trajectoire présente des relations spécifiques avec les dynamiques résidentielles. L'étude des processus spatiaux à partir de la mobilité internationale contribue à une meilleure compréhension et gestion des facteurs du changement urbain à différentes échelles dans la capitale colombienne
46
Ordoñez, Caballero Cindy Paola, Morales Dayan Libardo Fernández, Forero Diana Carolina García, and Cárdenas Michel Hauzeur. "Gestión de la industria hotelera en Bogotá con enfoque en responsabilidad social empresarial." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2016. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/7731.
Анотація:
vi, 147 h. : il. ; 30 cmLa presente investigación tuvo como objeto, describir el estado de la gestión de la industria hotelera en Bogotá con enfoque en Responsabilidad Social Empresarial, a través de la aplicación de los Indicadores ETHOS – IARSE para negocios sustentables y responsables en su versión 3.1 y bajo sus cuatro dimensiones de ejecución. Dicha herramienta fue aplicada a gerentes generales y gerentes de calidad de 8 cadenas hoteleras, cuatro de ellas nacionales y cuatro internacionales que cuentan con hoteles en la ciudad de Bogotá. Las entrevistas a profundidad fueron realizadas en los meses de noviembre de 2015 a febrero de 2016. Una vez finalizadas las entrevistas la data fue procesada por el Software de análisis estadísticos SPSS versión 23.0. El enfoque utilizado en la presente investigación es cuantitativo, su diseño no experimental, de tipo transaccional. El resultado de la investigación concluyó que la gestión de la industria hotelera en Bogotá con enfoque en RSE es alto con 8,007 puntos sobre un puntaje de 10. Acorde a las cuatro dimensiones: Visión y estrategia, gobierno corporativo y gestión organizacional, dimensión social y ambiental; sus puntajes fueron 8,167, 8,419, 8,245 y 7,197 respectivamente. Finalmente, se recomienda, incluir estrategias de reducción de impactos negativos en el ambiente dentro de la visión y estrategia de las empresas; incluir estrategias de monitoreo a la cadena de valor; contar con una mayor participación de los empleados en la construcción de políticas y procedimientos; incluir a los diferentes grupos de interés con el fin de contar con una retroalimentación sobre los impactos de la operación; a nivel ambiental se recomienda tener un seguimiento estricto de la ejecución de los planes de acción
The present investigation describes the actual Hotel Industry Management practices in terms of Corporate Social Responsibility in Bogota, through the application of the 3.1 version indicators ETHOS – IARSE created exclusively for responsible and sustainable businesses, with four scopes of execution. The instrument was applied from November 2015 to February 2016 in order to collect information from General Managers and Quality Managers within the eight main hotel chains, four of them national and four international chains. The information was collected under a qualitative approach and his design is transactional type and non-experimental, because his purpose intends to describe variables and to analyze his impact in a specific moment of time. The data were processed with SPSS software, version 23.0. The investigation concluded that Hotel Industry Management at Bogota, Colombia under the Corporate Social Responsibility approach, obtained a high management applications level, with a score of 8,007 on a scale of 10 points. Analyzing the four scopes of execution a) Strategy and Vision, b) Corporate Governance and Management, c) Social impact and d) Environmental impact, their scores were 8,167, 8,419, 8,245 and 7,197. After the development of the present research, it is recommended to include Company´s vision and strategies focused on the reduction of negative impacts over the environment. Moreover, to include a supply chain monitoring strategy in order to allow companies have a transparent management, as well as a responsible and positive impact in the society. Furthermore, under Governance; the recommendation is to engage employees during the development of corporate policies and procedures. Socially, we advice the engagement of multiple stakeholder to provide operational feedback as well as to allow providers to create or extend forced labor policies. Last but certainly not least, we encourage the close monitoring of strict action plan over the environmental factors.
Tesis
47
López, Bejarano Maria del Pilar. "« Hommes fainéants et indolents, femmes dissolues. . . » : paresse et travail à Santa Fé de Bogota (Nouvelle-Grenade), XVIIIe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0017.
Анотація:
Cette recherche explore, pour la ville de Santa Fe de Bogota (Nouvelle-Grenade), différents aspects de la problématique historique des rapports de travail et des jugements de paresse adressés à la population tout au long du XVIIIe siècle. L’étude propose ainsi une approche locale et urbaine des Réformes du XVIII siecle (Reformas Borbónicas), en articulant différentes échelles qui vont de la position générale des colonies dans l’empire ibérique aux formes particulières de travail des habitants de la ville. La perspective adoptée a pour fondement une conception de l'interaction sociale centrée sur les pratiques ; sur les tensions, accords et désaccords qui definissaient -dans son deroulement- des équilibres de pouvoir caractéristiques. Il s’agit, notamment, d’une dynamique sociale métisse qui exprime autant les ambiguïtés d’une configuration sociale composite, que les conséquences d’une colonisation d’ancien régimeThis research explores different aspects of the historical problematic of labour relationships and of the accusations for laziness against people, during the late eighteenth century in the city of Santa Fe of Bogota (New Grenade). In this regards, it approaches the local and urban reforms of the eighteenth century, (The Burbonic Reforms) crossing different levels of analysis from the general position of the Spanish American Colonies within the set of Spanish possessions, to the particular forms of work of the habitants of the city. The perspective adopted is based on a conception of social interactions centred on practices; tensions, agreements, disagreements that defined through their developments the balances of power. It is particularly focused on the mestizo social dynamic that expresses the contradictions of a hybrid social formation, as well as the consequences of ancient regime colonization
48
Ibarra, Sánchez Juan Camilo. "Estrategia de renovación urbana para centros históricos : el caso del barrio San Bernardo en Bogotá, Colombia." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/117303.
Анотація:
Magíster en Dirección y Administración de Proyectos InmobiliariosEl tema de la renovación urbana de áreas centrales en Colombia ha sido de los que más auge e importancia ha tenido en los últimos 10 años, debido a la escases de la tierra que la ciudad presenta, este tema ha sido estudiado desde los diferentes ámbitos, ya sea arquitectónico, urbanístico, económico, legislativo, político, ambiental o social, no obstante aún cuesta llevar a cabo procesos de renovación de manera eficiente. Hoy en día, se continúan analizando y generando nuevas maneras, métodos y leyes, para realizar un proceso de renovación urbana que involucre a los residentes, el distrito y el agente privado, donde se desarrolle una estructura organizacional en la cual cada uno de sus involucrados obtenga beneficios según su aporte, pero que además de generar beneficios físicos y económicos, genere también beneficios ambientales, de calidad de vida y principalmente sociales.
49
Mérienne, Sierra Maricel. "Le Processus de l'enfant de la rue, ses implications et sa relation avec la problématique infantile colombienne." Paris, EHESS, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991EHES0056.
Анотація:
Bien qu'aborde par de nombreuses institutions et que tres mediatise, le probleme des enfants de la rue a bogota est loin d'etre resolu, et l'information disponible ne fait parfois que renforcer une certaine image des enfants. Notre objectif a ete d'aborder ce theme d'une maniere differente, en nous situant au sein d'un groupe d'enfants pendant trois ans, et en essayant de comprendre leur sous-culture grace a l'observation participante. Il a ainsi ete possible de determiner le processus specifique qui aboutit a "l'enfant de la rue", et comment ce dernier developpe des strategies en vue de survivre. L'analyse des institutions consacrees a l'enfant a confirme que la societe tente toujours d'intefrer l'enfant sans tenir compte de ce processus de socialisation, en devalorisant sa sous-culture et en le puissant. C'est pourquoi l'enfant rejette les institutions, ou se trouve confronte a des alternatives qui s'averent illusoires. De ce fait, nous avons decide d'analyser le probleme en nous situant dans un quartier pauvre de bogota. La, l'enfant de la rue ne semble plus etre que l'une des noubreuses facettes d'une problematique beaucoup plus large, qui touche la majorite des enfants, auxquels n'est offerte aucune alternative a la reproduction de leur pauvreteIn spite of being a very mediatized theme, and of having been addressed to by many institutions, the problem of children of the street in bagota is far from being solved, and information available has often just contributed to stress a certain image of the child. Our objective was to address the problem in a different way, by locating ourselvesin a group of children of the street during three years and by trying to understand their subculture through participating observation. It was thus possible to determine the specific process which leads to the state of "child of the street", and how the children develop strategies in order to survive. The analisis of institutions related with the child confirmed that society always tries to integrate these children without taking account of this socialization process, by depreciating their subculture and by punishment. Thus, the child rejects institutions or faces unreal alternatives. Therefore, we decided to analyse the problem by entering one of the poor suburbs of bagota. There, the child of the street just appears as one of the many facets of a much wider problem which affects most of the children, without alternative to reproducing poverty
50
Moreno, Luna Carlos Augusto. "Pobreza y movilidad cotidiana. Realidades en Bogotá y Soacha, Colombia." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/458686.
Анотація:
La forma en que interactúan los medios de transporte y el territorio ha sido estudiada a lo largo de los años con el fin de establecer la manera en que estas dos variables se relacionan. Ha habido diferentes conclusiones, pero sin embargo no existe una respuesta contundente que argumente de manera clara y precisa dicha relación. Sin embargo, se ha podido determinar la existencia de un nuevo paradigma en la que se replantea la necesidad de establecer una relación entre el transporte y el territorio de manera simultánea para alcanzar los mejores resultados, sobre todo para aumentar los niveles de accesibilidad de poblaciones que viven en situaciones de vulnerabilidad.
Esta tesis propone un trabajo investigativo sobre las implicaciones que tiene dicha relación del transporte y del territorio en la movilidad cotidiana y la accesibilidad en la población de bajos ingresos de una ciudad en vía de desarrollo como Bogotá Colombia, así como en el proyecto de vivienda social ubicado en el conurbado municipio de Soacha. Esta investigación se desarrollará a través del análisis de cinco principales temas que permiten entender la necesidad de aplicar correctivos en la política pública para que estos estén encaminados a aumentar la accesibilidad de esta población vulnerable entendiendo de manera sincrónica la relación entre el territorio y los modos de transporte.
En la primera parte de este trabajo se desarrollan los tres primeros capítulos de la tesis; en el primero se plantean el problema de investigación, los principales objetivos y preguntas que guiarán este trabajo investigativo. En el segundo capítulo se trabajan las cinco principales categorías de análisis; la segregación socio-espacial, teoría del desequilibrio espacial, capital social, participación comunitaria y finalmente transporte comunitario. Estas cinco temáticas conforman el marco teórico. El tercer capítulo retoma las principales metodologías aplicadas en el trabajo.
En la segunda parte se analizan, por medio de cuatro estudios de caso, las diferentes formas de interacción entre el transporte y el territorio. El primer estudio de caso describe cómo fue el crecimiento poblacional de la ciudad de Bogotá el cual fue marcado por un desarrollo segregativo en el cual se proporcionan posibles soluciones a esta realidad. El segundo estudio de caso compara, a la luz de la teoría del desequilibrio espacial, las disparidades en relación con los desplazamientos diarios al trabajo en dos territorios de la ciudad; uno de ingresos altos y otro de ingresos bajos. El tercer estudio de caso considera los desplazamientos de proximidad como una posible solución al desequilibrio mencionado anteriormente, y el último estudio de caso identifica el capital social y la participación comunitaria como herramienta para la conformación de un transporte comunitario para dar solución a la problemática de accesibilidad en un nuevo desarrollo de vivienda social en el municipio de Soacha, municipio de ingresos bajos ubicado al sur de la capital.
En conclusión, la presente tesis resalta la necesidad de pensar los usos del suelo de manera conjunta con la planificación del transporte teniendo en cuenta las necesidades de la población más vulnerable para poder mitigar las desigualdades que se han acentuado por más de medio siglo en una ciudad como Bogotá, permitiéndole a la población más vulnerable tener mayores índices de accesibilidad para atender sus necesidades de desplazamiento diario y goce de la ciudad.The way means of transportation and territory interact has been studied over the years in order to establish the realtion of these two variables. There have been different conclusions, but nevertheless there is no conclusive answer that clearly and precisely argues this relationship. However, it has been possible to determine the existence of a new paradigm that determines the need to establish a relationship between transportation and territory simultaneously, especially to increase the levels of accessibility of populations that live in vulnerability situations. The thesis proposes a research work regarding the implications between transportation and territory, in relation with daily mobility and urban accessibility in a low income population of a developing city like Bogota-Colombia, the thesis also researches a social housing project located in the conurbated municipality of Soacha. The research is developed through the analysis of five main categories that allow us to understand the need to apply correctives in public policy, aimed to increase accessibility of vulnerable population by understanding in a synchronous way the relationship between the territory and the transportation modes. The first three chapters of the thesis are developed as follows, the first one stablishes the research problem, main objectives and questions that will guide the research work. In the second chapter the five main categories of analysis are worked out; socio-spatial segregation, spatial mismatch theory, social capital, grassroots initiatives, and finally community transport. These five themes form the theoretical framework. The third chapter summarizes the main methodologies applied during the research. The second part, analyzes through four case studies, the different forms of interaction between transport and territory. The first case study describes Bogota’s population growth which was marked by a segregative development and some possible solutions to this reality are provided. The second case study compares, in the light of the spatial mismatch theory, the disparities in relation to daily commuting to work in two areas of the city; one of high income and one of low income. The third case study considers proximity displacements as a possible solution to the imbalance mentioned above, the last case study identifies social capital and community participation as a tool for shaping community transportation to solve the problem of accessibility in a new development of social housing in the municipality of Soacha, which is a low-income municipality located to the south of Bogotá.. In conclusion, the thesis highlights the need to think about land use in conjunction with transportation planning, taking into account the needs of the most vulnerable population in order to mitigate inequalities that have been accentuated for more than half a century in a city such as Bogota, allowing the most vulnerable population to have higher levels of accessibility to meet their daily commuting needs and be able to have enjoyment of the city.