Дисертації з теми "Body image in adolescence"
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1
Wagner, Ryan R. "Body image perceptions of adolescent males." Online version, 2008. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2008/2008wagnerr.pdf.
2
Gwanas, Bethan. "Constructing body space : gender, sport and body image in adolescence." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288204.
3
Picard, Kelly M. "Adolescent body image and self-esteem." Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University, 2009. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/437.
4
Aleong, Rosanne. "Body image during adolescence : behavioural and neuroimaging studies." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115680.
Анотація:
The primary objective of this thesis was to investigate body image at both the behavioural and neural levels. We describe three studies aimed at: (1) developing a novel digital methodology with which to assess perceptual aspects of body image during adolescence; (2) investigating perceptual accuracy and sensitivity to changes in the size/shape of body images among healthy adolescents; and (3) identifying the neural mechanisms of body perception using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). A novel library of digital images of adolescent bodies was created and used to characterize natural covariations in body size and shape using principal components analysis. Identified principal components were used to morph body images in a realistic manner to generate larger or smaller bodies. These morphed body-image stimuli were then used in a behavioural investigation of self body-image perception among adolescents. Male and female adolescents overestimated the size of their bodies. When compared with males, females overestimated their body size to a greater extent and showed greater sensitivity in detecting changes in body size. Overestimation of body size and detection sensitivity increased with subject age. Detection sensitivity decreased as a function of subjects' body mass index (BMI). In order to identify the underlying neural mechanisms of these effects, functional block-design and fMR-adaptation experiments were completed in healthy young adults. During both experiments, females, and not males, showed greater fMR signal in the right versus left hemisphere in the extrastriate body area (EBA) and fusiform body area (FBA). During the block-design experiment, females also demonstrated greater right EBA response compared with males. Observer BMI modulated the EBA hemispheric effect in both experiments. A significant recovery from adaptation was found in EBA and FBA with body-image morphing, indicating that both regions were sensitive to body-size changes. Ultimately, we demonstrated the successful use of a novel body-morphing method for the assessment of body image, established that sex, age, and BMI modulate accuracy of self body-size estimation and detection of changes in body size, and described evidence of EBA and FBA as the likely neural substrates of these behavioural effects.
5
Korte, Kelli Lynn Jarvis Patricia. "Adolescent psychosocial development as predicted by pubertal status, body image, stressors, and coping strategies." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9924350.
Анотація:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 1998.Title from title page screen, viewed July 14, 2006. Dissertation Committee: Patricia A. Jarvis (chair), Deborah Gentry, Matthew Hesson-McInnis, Connie B. Horton, Margaret Nauta. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 82-93) and abstract. Also available in print.
6
Smestad, Christina. "The Relationship between Dating and Body Image in Adolescence." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/26910.
Анотація:
During adolescence, individuals often experience dating for the first time, and negative body image as a result of increased socialization. In this study, we sought to investigate the connection between dating and body image among adolescents. A self-report questionnaire was given to 85 girls and 75 boys, and included measures of current dating status, desired dating status, drive for muscularity, drive for thinness, and body dissatisfaction. We found no significant relationships between dating status and body image for girls or boys. However, when examining the links between desire to date and body image, we found that girls who wanted to date had significantly higher levels of drive for thinness and body dissatisfaction than girls who did not want to date. It is likely that adolescent girls who are interested in dating have greater body image concerns because they want to appear thinner and more attractive to potential dating partners.
7
Krayer, Anne. "Body Image in Adolescence : The Influence of Social Comparison Processes." Thesis, Bangor University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.506492.
8
Aziz, Jwana. "Social media and body image in adolescent males: An experimental research on the influence of Instagram use on drive for muscularity, body esteem and appearance comparison." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672864.
Анотація:
La preocupación por la imagen corporal es cada vez más prominente entre los jóvenes varones. Los investigadores han señalado que los roles de género y las redes sociales son los principales impulsores de este fenómeno. Las redes sociales ahora se reconocen como la forma más dominante de comunicación mediática donde la mayoría de sus usuarios son adolescentes jóvenes. Las aplicaciones basadas en imágenes como Instagram permiten el acceso e intercambio inmediato de una gran cantidad de imágenes corporales idealizadas. La mediatización del ideal muscular y la popularidad de las redes sociales presenta un nuevo problema masculino orientado a la juventud. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo investigar cómo la exposición a las redes sociales, Instagram, influye en las preocupaciones sobre la imagen corporal en adolescentes varones de entre 15 y 19 años. Utiliza un método de estudio experimental intermedio que examina los efectos de la exposición a la visualización naturalista, la apariencia neutral y las imágenes enfocadas en la apariencia en la Escala de impulso para la musculatura (DMS), la Escala de estima corporal (BES) y la Escala de comparación de apariencia.Concerns with body image are becoming increasingly more prominent among the male youth. Researchers have pointed to gender roles and social media as being the main drivers behind this phenomenon. Social media is now recognized as the most dominant form of media communication where the majority of its users are young adolescents. Image-based applications such as Instagram allow for immediate access and exchange of a plethora of idealized body images. The mediatization of the muscle ideal and the popularity of social media presents a new male youth-oriented problem. The present study aims to investigate how exposure to social media, Instagram, influences body image concerns in adolescent males between the ages of 15-19 years old. It uses an experimental in-between study method examining the effects of exposure to naturalistic viewing, appearance neutral and appearance focused images on Drive for Muscularity Scale (DMS), Body Esteem Scale (BES), and Appearance Comparison Scale.
9
McCord, Olivia Love. "Body Mass Index and Soft Drink Consumption Among Adolescents." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2004. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd475.pdf.
10
White, Jamie. "The development of negative body image and disordered eating in adolescence." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.490452.
Анотація:
This thesis focuses on the development of negative body image and disordered eating in adolescence. More specifically, on the role of sociocultural influences in individual vulnerability to experiencing negative body image and using disordered eating behaviours.
11
Terhark, Kristin S. "The relationship of body image and eating disturbances of fifth, seventh, ninth, and twelfth grade students." Online version, 2003. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2003/2003terharkk.pdf.
12
Lee, W. "Body dissatisfaction, depressive symptoms, and pubertal timing in Hong Kong Chinese." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/b40203657.
13
Collins, Laura A. "Body image perceptions of seventh grade male and female adolescents : a qualitative analysis /." View online, 2003. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211131132800.pdf.
14
De, Villiers Minette. "Body image and dating relationships amongs female adolescents." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2679.
Анотація:
Thesis (MA (Psychology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.Body image and dating relationships are two of the most important topics in the lives of the female adolescents. Yet, not much South African research has been done on either of these themes with adolescent populations and no research could be found to investigate a possible relationship between these two important aspects, both internationally and locally. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to investigate the potential relationship between female adolescents’ body image and their romantic relationships. Specifically, the aim was to determine if a relationship existed between participants’ self-rated attractiveness and body dissatisfaction, and their relationship status and romantic relationship satisfaction. There were two secondary aims. The first was to investigate how aspects like participants’ culture, age and body size were related to their body image and the second was to determine if aspects like participants’ culture, age and body size were related to their relationship status and satisfaction with their romantic relationships. Questionnaires were distributed to Afrikaans- and English- speaking White girls, Afrikaansspeaking Coloured girls and isiXhosaspeaking girls at four urban, coeducational, secondary schools and 511 questionnaires were completed. Participants selfreported their height and weight, self-rated their facial and bodily attractiveness on a 7- point scale, and completed two measures of body dissatisfaction: the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) Body Dissatisfaction subscale (Garner, Olmstead, & Polivy, 1983) and the Body Cathexis Scale (BCS) (Secord & Jourard, 1953). Participants also indicated their current relationship status using five categories: has never dated anyone, not dating anyone currently, casually dating one or more people, dating one person exclusively, and engaged or planning to marry, and completed the Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS) (Hendrick, 1988), a measure of relationship satisfaction. With regard to the primary aim of the study, results show that there were significant relationships between some of the measures of body image and relationship status for the total sample. In general, it was found that the girls who were involved in exclusive relationships at the time of the study had better body image than the girls who were not. Yet, results for this relationship were different for the different cultural and body mass index groups. With regard to the relationship between body image and relationship satisfaction, the Body Cathexis Scale scores significantly predicted participants’ satisfaction with their romantic relationships. Yet both weight and culture were also found to play a role in the relationship between body image and relationship satisfaction. With regard to the secondary aims of the study, culture was found to be related to body image, body mass index, relationship status and relationship satisfaction, while age played a role in participants’ body mass index and relationship status, and body mass index was related to body image, but not to relationship status and relationship satisfaction. Therefore, participants’ culture and body mass index were significant with regard to body image and romantic relationships, but was also found to play a significant role in the relationship between these two.
15
Freeman, Elizabeth DeHart. "Developmental changes in the female adolescent body image." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12052009-020336/.
16
Lee, Seunghee Ulrich Pamela V. Connell Lenda Jo. "Body image perceptions and clothing behavior issues for adolescent daughters and their mothers." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Spring/doctoral/LEE_SEUNG_12.pdf.
17
DeLaMater, Jody L. "A study to determine the effect of the media on the perception of adolescent female body image and the resultant relationship to academic achievement." Online version, 2002. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002delamaterj.pdf.
18
Merchant, Andrea Elaine. "Adolescent body image: the effects of media images on body satisfaction, self-esteem, adn body esteem." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1243359869.
19
Merchant, Andrea Elaine. "Adolescent body image : the effects of media images on body satisfaction, self-esteem, and body esteem /." Connect to resource, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1243359869.
20
Botteon, Geanine A. "Adolescent perceptions of their diet quality and body image comparison with parent perceptions /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 89 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1456294601&sid=5&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
21
Méndez, Dextre Grecia Alexandra. "Autopercepción de la imagen corporal y estado nutricional en adolescentes de la institución educativa Jorge Basadre Grohmann del Callao, Perú, 2020." Master's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652733.
Анотація:
La adolescencia es la etapa más sensible en lo referente a problemas de imagen corporal, se caracteriza por cambios fisiológicos, emocionales, cognitivos y sociales, que provocan preocupación por la apariencia física. El presente estudio surgió ante la necesidad de conocer la relación entre la autopercepción de la imagen corporal y el estado nutricional en adolescentes del 2do año de secundaria de la institución educativa Jorge Basadre Grohmann del Callao, sabiendo que una percepción inadecuada de la imagen corporal puede traer como consecuencia algún tipo de alteración en la conducta alimentaria, generando malnutrición por déficit o por exceso en el grupo en estudio.
Fue un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal. La muestra la conformaron 64 adolescentes entre las edades de 12 a 16 años, de la institución educativa Jorge Basadre Grohmann, a los cuales se les aplicó un cuestionario que contenía: datos personales, el Test de Siluetas de Thompson y Gray, y datos antropométricos, que fueron tomados de acuerdo al protocolo dictado por la Norma Técnica de Salud para la Valoración Nutricional Antropométrica en la Etapa De Vida del Adolescente según el Ministerio de Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud y el Centro de Alimentación y Nutrición (MINSA – INS – CENAN). Para la presente valoración se tomaron medidas antropométricas como el peso y la talla, obteniendo por medio de estos parámetros el Índice de Masa Corporal para la edad (IMC/edad), este indicador nos permitió conocer acerca del estado nutricional real del adolescente en estudio.
La verificación de asociación entre variables fue mediante la prueba Chi2. La hipótesis general planteó que existe relación entre la autopercepción de la imagen corporal y el estado nutricional en adolescentes del 2do año de secundaria de la institución educativa, siendo confirmada según la estadística con un valor p (0.000) ≤ α (0.05), por lo cual se rechaza la Ho y quedamos a favor de la H1.
La hipótesis específica Nro.1, planteó que existe relación entre la autopercepción de la imagen corporal y el estado nutricional en adolescentes que se encuentran en normopeso, siendo confirmada de acuerdo con la estadística con un valor p (0.009) ≤ α (0.05).
La hipótesis específica Nro.2, planteó que existe relación entre la autopercepción de la imagen corporal y el estado nutricional entre varones y mujeres, en base a la estadística la Ho no fue rechazada presentando un valor p (0.089) > α (0.05). Sin embargo, a un nivel de significación de 0.10 si hubiéramos podido confirmar la existencia de dicha relación.Adolescence is the most sensitive stage when it comes to body image problems, it is characterized by physiological, emotional, cognitive and social changes, which cause concern for physical appearance. The present study arose from the need to know the relationship between self-perception of body image and nutritional status in adolescents in the 2nd year of high school from the educational institution Jorge Basadre Grohmann del Callao, knowing that an inappropriate perception of body image can bring as a consequence some type of alteration in eating behavior, generating malnutrition due to deficit or excess in the group under study. It was a quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study. The sample was made up of 64 adolescents between the ages of 12 to 16, from the Jorge Basadre Grohmann educational institution, to whom a questionnaire was applied that contained: personal data, the Thompson and Gray Silhouettes Test, and anthropometric data, that were taken according to the protocol dictated by the Technical Health Standard for Anthropometric Nutritional Assessment in the Adolescent Life Stage according to the Ministry of Health, National Institute of Health and the Food and Nutrition Center (MINSA - INS - CENAN) . For the present assessment, anthropometric measurements such as weight and height were taken, obtaining by means of these parameters the Body Mass Index for age (BMI / age), this indicator allowed us to know about the real nutritional status of the adolescent under study. The association between variables was verified using the Chi2 test. The general hypothesis proposed that there is a relationship between self-perception of body image and nutritional status in adolescents in the 2nd year of secondary school at the educational institution, being confirmed according to statistics with a p-value (0.000) ≤ α (0.05), therefore which the Ho is rejected and we are in favor of the H1. The specific hypothesis No. 1, stated that there is a relationship between the self-perception of body image and the nutritional status in adolescents who are in normal weight, being confirmed according to the statistic with a p-value (0.009) ≤ α (0.05). The specific hypothesis No. 2, stated that there is a relationship between self-perception of body image and nutritional status between men and women, based on the statistics, Ho was not rejected, presenting a p-value (0.089)> α (0.05). However, at a significance level of 0.10 if we could have confirmed the existence of such a relationship.
Tesis
22
李穎 and W. Lee. "Body dissatisfaction, depressive symptoms, and pubertal timing in HongKong Chinese." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40203657.
23
Naku, Bulelwa. "Body perceptions of black female high school learners." Thesis, Cape Technikon, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1914.
Анотація:
Thesis (MTech (Education))--Cape Technikon, Cape Town, 2004The majority of studies that have examined the prevalence of eating disorders have sampled women from western societies. Theoretical models have emphasised Western socio-cultural factors as central in the development of eating disorders. Consequently, eating disorders have been conceptualised as disorders from Western industrialised countries where white women experience social pressures toward thinness. Within these societies, white women are believed to be at risk of developing eating disorders, while black women are not exposed to the same social pressure regarding weight. In the literature, it has been argued that African women are 'protected" from developing eating disorders because traditionally a fuller figure has been more acceptable. However, findings from recent studies are beginning to reveal a considerable degree of body perception dissatisfaction among black women, indicating that this debate is far from settled. In the African-American culture, in terms of body perceptions, people are not expected to be all built to look alike. A full, yet healthy body has represented strength, power and prosperity in the African culture throughout history. However, the thin ideal for women seems to be spreading across all ethnic groups. Incorrect body perceptions, dissatisfaction with one's body's appearance and a drive to be thin can lead to erratic eating patterns such as self-starvation and purging, which in turn can result in eating disorders such as Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa. In view of the above, this study investigated body perceptions among black female high school learners in the Cape Metropole. The participants were 702 girls between 13 and 19 years old in ex DET high schools in grades 8 to 11. The study attempted to determine participants' body weight dissatisfaction; whether they perceived themselves as overweight, underweight or of normal weight; and whether they expressed influence by the media, as well as family and peers, on their body perceptions. The sample was divided into two age groups, namely a younger group of 13 - 15 years and an older group of 16 - 19 years. The chi-square test was used to test the statistical significance of the data. The results revealed a statistically significant difference between the younger age group (13-15 years) and the older age group (16-19 years) regarding body weight dissatisfaction and body weight perceptions. Furthermore, the expressed influence by the media and family/peers also show statistically significant results.
24
Galloti, Lorraine. "Beyond theory : adolescent girls' perceptions of body image, physical activity and health." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35316.
Анотація:
Accompanying materials housed with archival copy.The purpose of this research was to describe and critically interpret girls' experiences with respect to body image, physical activity and health. The qualitative inquiry included focus group and individual interviews, document analysis and field observations. These methods were used to explore the perceptions of sixty-three girls (grades eight and eleven) and staff from an inner-city high school. Through interpretive data analysis (and constant comparison), the inter-related themes of body image, physical activity and health branched into the sub-themes of societal influences and personal attitudes including: friends, boys, family, school and media. Girls' body images ranged from minor preoccupations to major dissatisfaction with their bodies, while a few girls were happy being themselves. Weak or negative family influences gave way to influences by media, boys and friends. A few girls were very active, whereas others' low levels of participation were attributed to: disinterest in physical activity, intimidation by boys, or perceived lack of opportunity. The girls' perceptions of health incorporated fitness, weight, and eating habits. Girls often used negative qualifiers when describing their weight or body shape. Generally, girls perceived overweight individuals as not taking care of themselves. This research supports the development of gender sensitive physical education programs promoting healthier lifestyles for females.
25
Abbott, Bree. "Body Image in Australian adolescents: Exploring functional and aesthetic body image across the sporting context." Thesis, Abbott, Bree (2012) Body Image in Australian adolescents: Exploring functional and aesthetic body image across the sporting context. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2012. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/10625/.
Анотація:
This thesis take a multidimensional view on body image, suggesting that perceptions of the body are not restricted to the way the body “looks”; they may also extend to the way the body “functions”. A new measure of body image; the Embodied Image Scale (EIS), was developed specifically to measure the cognitive, behavioural and affective components of body image across both the aesthetic and functional dimensions of the body. This thesis also explored contexts with the potential to foster a positive body image among adolescent girls, who are considered to be at high risk of developing a poor body image.
Study 1 introduced the EIS, and explored its psychometric properties with a sample of Western Australian adolescents. The EIS was found to demonstrate adequate reliability and the functional and aesthetic dimensions of the body were found to be separate dimensions. Overall, both males and females reported significantly higher value towards investment in, and satisfaction with the functional dimension of the body, compared to the aesthetic dimension. Girls reported lower overall body satisfaction than boys. The functional dimension of the body was valued and invested in more by boys than girls who placed higher focus on the aesthetic dimension.
Study 2 explored changes in functional and aesthetic body satisfaction among Western Australian adolescents over a year. Girls reported lower overall body satisfaction than boys. Although both boys and girls reported a significant decrease in body satisfaction over the 12-month period, this decrease was stronger for female participants. Cohort differences were also found, with older adolescents reporting higher functional body satisfaction. This study highlights the poor condition of adolescent girls’ body image and confirms a need to explore contexts with the potential to improve body image among these young women.
Study 3 explored the association between sports and physical activity participation and body image among Australian adolescent girls. Sports participants reported higher value, investment in, and satisfaction with their functionality than non-participants and physically active girls. Although they reported higher functional behavioral-investment, girls who participated in general physical activity did not differ significantly from non-participants on functional satisfaction. Body image was also found to differ significantly among girls participating in different sport types. The results indicated that, although girls in different sport types differ in their body image, any involvement was associated with more functional body image than being sedentary.
Study 4 explored the link between sports participation and body image by measuring experiences of body objectification and physical competence during girls’ non-sporting and sporting activities, distinguishing between aesthetic and non-aesthetic sport types. Both experiences were more prevalent during sporting than non-sporting activities. Overall, girls reported more experiences of physical competence and body objectification during sports compared to activities. Bodily experiences differed between aesthetic and non-aesthetic sport types; however, this difference varied when between-person and within-person analyses were conducted. Experiences of body objectification were positively related to aesthetic body values. Satisfaction in both the functional and aesthetic body was positively predicted by girls’ experiences of physical competence.
In summary, all four studies highlight that focusing solely on the aesthetic dimension of body image gives an incomplete understanding of adolescent body perceptions. This thesis also highlights that contexts where body functionality is highly salient may encourage a more functionally focused body image than those where appearance is also highly salient. The results of this thesis may benefit those with an interest in improving body image among adolescent girls.
26
Mahajan, Aarti Y. Ulrich Pamela V. Connell Lenda Jo. "Comparing self and others' perceptions of adolescent girls' body size using figural stimuli and 3d body scans." Auburn, Ala, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1586.
27
Shibata, Cameron L. "Building positive body image in adolescent girls| An evaluation of a body image prevention program." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10254341.
Анотація:
The current thesis evaluates the Body IMAGEination program implemented to improve body image and health behaviors of adolescent girls at the nonprofit organization Girls Incorporated. The program goals were to teach program participants to (1) deconstruct media messages, (2) navigate negative appearance messages (3) encourage a healthy lifestyle and (4)understand normal development and puberty. One Hundred and twenty-four adolescent girls (ages 12-15) participated in the evaluation and completed pre and post tests on body satisfaction.It was expected that participants who completed the program would display improvements ingoals from pre-test to post-test and show improved body satisfaction. As hypothesized, results indicated that participation in the program significantly predicted improved satisfaction in sexual attractiveness, physical condition, and weight concern. Additionally, regression analyses indicated that greater ability to navigate negative messages from friends, family and peers predicted positive changes in weight concern.
28
Hildebrandt, David R. "Relationship between body image and self-esteem of ninth and twelfth graders." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2007. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2007/2007hildebrandtd.pdf.
29
Kehoe, Patricia. "The need for peer approval : moderating factors between the internalization of the thin ideal and body image dissatisfaction /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7887.
30
Funk, Tracy L. "Female Adolescent Role Models and Body Image." DigitalCommons@USU, 2001. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2604.
Анотація:
This study primarily examined the relationship between role model choices and body image of female adolescents. More specifically this study sought to examine the relationship between the reasons that adolescent females give for choosing a role model and body image. Because body image dissatisfaction has been found to be associated with self-esteem and eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia nervosa, these variables also were investigated. Body image was examined by using two measures of the body image construct· the Figure Rating Scale and the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ). Both were used in order to capture a greater portion of the body image construct, as well as to examine possible differences between the measures.
Eating disordered behaviors were measured using the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and self-esteem was measured with the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Participants were asked to list one role model within their family and one role model outside of their family, and to list why they selected those specific people as their role models. Role models were coded based upon the reasons provided by participants. Those who listed physical reasons such as "she has a good body," "she is beautiful ," or "she is skinny" were coded as "Group 1 - Physical," and those who chose all other reasons were labeled "Group 2- Non-physical." Females, ages 13-15 and 18-23, voluntarily participated in this study. The majority participated in exchange for extra credit in specific courses at their freshman center or university A prepared packet (including consent forms, instructions, and questionnaire) was sent home with willing participants to fill out and return. In total, 159 packets were returned.
Statistical analyses indicated that body image is highly correlated with eating disordered behaviors and low self-esteem. Those scoring high on the measure of eating disordered behaviors (EAT-26) had, on average, even lower self-esteem as indicated by scores on the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). However, statistically significant differences between body image and reasons for choosing a role model {physical vs. non-physical) appeared only on weight and/or shape-related aspects of the body image measures. It is not known whether differences between type of role model and body image occurred due to actual weight I Body Mass Index (BMI), or if those with greater weight and/or shape-related concerns chose more physical role models. Age differences among participants appeared on type of role model chosen. with the younger participants, ages 13-15, choosing more role models based upon physical characteristics than those ages 18-23. However, no differences were found between age of participant and level of body 1mage.
31
Dower, Jo. "An investigation of the relationship between body image and self-concept in adolescent females : a developmental perspective." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1996.
Анотація:
The research programme detailed in this thesis examined body image and self-concept in adolescent females. 804 young women in years 7 through 12, from two private, denominational, single sex metropolitan schools, completed the Self Description Questionnaire II (SDQ II; Marsh, 1992), a multidimensional measure of self-concept, and several measures of body image including the Body Esteem Scale (BES-1; Mendelson & White, 1982), the Body Attitudes Questionnaire (BAQ; Ben-Tovim & Walker, 1991), the Figure Rating Scale (FRS; Stunkard, Sorenson, & Schulsinger, 1983) and the Body Esteem Scale (BES-2; Franzoi & Shields, 1984).
In addition, a subsample of 24 young women, 8 from each of three year levels, 8, 10 and 12, were involved a single, individual semi-structured interview to obtain their views
on body image, its development and its relationship to self-concept. The responses to the questionnaires were examined in two ways. Descriptive analyses were performed on the subscales of the self-concept and body image measures for age groupings and school year levels. In addition, the responses were involved in multiple regression analyses to identify significant body image predictors of the various facets of self-concept.
Prior to these multiple regressions however, a higher order factor analysis was performed on the body image subscales to identify the underlying dimensions of body image. Five body image factors were revealed: Global Body Esteem, Body Build, Sexual Attractiveness, Physical Condition and Body Emotions body image. These terms were used in the multiple regressions, as were interaction terms developed from the body image factor scores. The research found a complex pattern of development for both body image and self-concept and for the relationship between the two constructs.
Overall, it would appear that significant variations in many, but not all, facets of body image and self-concept occur with age and school year level. Furthermore, the majority of these variations appeared to occur between the ages of 13 and 15 and result in less favourable views of self on those dimensions. These more negative evaluations were generally evident throughout the remainder of the adolescent period under consideration. Comparison of the findings for age and school year level revealed a remarkable similarity of results, albeit with a few notable exceptions.
Similar to the results for body image and self-concept, the relationship between the two constructs also revealed a complex developmental pattern. Overall it would appear that there is a significant developmental relationship between the dimensions of body image and self-concept, although the particular facets of body image and their constellation across age or school year level varies according to the
dimension of self-concept under consideration. All of the facets of body image emerged as important predictors of at least one dimension of self-concept for at least one developmental level, while none was important for all dimensions and all developmental levels. Furthermore, the relationship between the two constructs, body image and self-concept, appeared to be more complex, involving a greater number of dimensions of body image and variance across developmental levels, for some aspects of self-concept than others. In addition, the interactions between the facets of body image were significant predictors for many of the self-concept dimensions.
Comparison of the results for age and school year level again revealed a similarity in findings, although less than was evident for the descriptive data. The comments from the interviews with the young women served to both support and extend the quantitative findings. Adolescence was identified by the young women as a critical time in the development of body image, although there appeared to be few developmental changes during adolescence. Rather, it appeared that the adolescents' reactions to the physical changes associated with adolescence resulted in either a temporary or long term decrease in body image.
There appeared to be individual characteristics which acted to make the young women more vulnerable to maintaining the lowered body satisfaction common to all female adolescents.
These factors included differences in the timing and rate of pubertal change, higher incidence of physical appearance teasing, more frequent comparison with others, stronger subscription to cultural prescriptions regarding female appearance and a social environment, including friends and family, that also expressed concerns with physical appearance. Although overt connections between body image and self-concept in other areas were infrequent, the content of the young women's comments indicated a relationship between the two constructs which varied according to the dimension of functioning under consideration.
Findings from both stages of the research have offered insights into the development of body image and self-concept in adolescent females and for the development of the relationship between the two constructs. It would appear that there is an interaction between the individual and their environment, such that both impact on body image and self-concept during adolescence. Suggestions for further
research have been highlighted and limitations of the present study identified.
32
Brunet, Jennifer. "Social physique anxiety and physical activity among adolescents : a self-determination theory perspective." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112327.
Анотація:
This study examined the relationships between social physique anxiety (SPA) and physical activity and sedentary behaviours among older adolescents. The research was grounded in self-determination theory (SDT; Deci & Ryan, 1985). Three hundred and eighty one males and females completed scientifically-supported questionnaires. Multivariate and univariate analyses of variance revealed that male adolescents reported lower SPA and higher competence, relatedness, self-determined motivation, and physical activity levels compared to females. Regression analyses supported the integration of SPA in SDT, and the main tenets of SDT were maintained. Specifically, the basic psychological needs were important correlates of motivation, and motivation was a positive correlate of PA behaviour and a negative, albeit weak, correlate of sedentary behaviour. Collectively, these findings suggest that SPA experiences can be understood within a motivational framework that explains the functional role played by SPA on health behaviour.
33
Tevendale, Heather D. "Physical appearance-related risk and protective factors for diordered eating among young adolescent white and African-American girls /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3099643.
34
Fung, Sze-wan Samantha, and 馮詩韻. "Sociocultural pressures for thinness, body dissatisfaction, and depressive symptoms in Hong Kong Chinese adolescents." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44544613.
35
Conti, Maria Aparecida. ""Imagem corporal e estado nutricional de estudantes de uma escola particular"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6133/tde-30012006-154507/.
Анотація:
Conti MA. Imagem corporal e estado nutricional de estudantes de uma escola particular. São Paulo; 2002. [Dissertação de Mestrado Faculdade de Saúde Pública da USP]. A imagem corporal, entendida como imagem do corpo formada pela mente, desenvolve-se desde o nascimento pela maturação do mundo psíquico. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar a percepção da imagem corporal de adolescentes, utilizando avaliação do estado nutricional (IMC) e aplicação de uma escala adaptada de satisfação corporal. A amostra constituiu-se por 147 adolescentes, sendo 52 meninos e 95 meninas, com idade média 12 anos, que após mensuração antropométrica (peso e altura) responderam questionário sobre satisfação por áreas corporais. Dos meninos estudados, 1,92% apresentaram estado nutricional de magreza, 53,84% de normalidade e 44,23% de sobrepeso/obesidade, e para as meninas, 3,15%, 77,89% e 18,92% respectivamente. Os meninos identificaram insatisfação com peso corporal (34,6%) e estômago (25,0%) e as meninas, insatisfação com peso corporal (30,5%), tórax/seio (20,0%) e estômago (17,9%). Detectou-se associação significantemente estatística entre estado nutricional e grau de satisfação corporal, com meninos classificados com sobrepeso e obesidade inferindo maior insatisfação para as áreas do estômago, cintura e peso corporal e para meninas, todas as áreas, exceto rosto, cintura, tórax/seio, braço e altura. Associando-se fase de adolescência (maturação sexual) e grau de satisfação por áreas corporais, os meninos pré-púberes revelaram maior insatisfação para a área ombro/costas, e as meninas pós-púberes maior insatisfação para a área do rosto, cabelo, quadril, estômago, cintura, tórax/seio, tônus muscular, altura e aspectos gerais. Associando-se gênero e satisfação corporal, os meninos evidenciaram maior insatisfação para as áreas do estômago e nádegas e meninas para tórax/seio. Concluí-se, para a população estudada, que o estado nutricional, maturação sexual e sexo interferem na satisfação e imagem corporal. Os possíveis motivos geradores da insatisfação corporal na adolescência em nível de saúde pública, definem-se pela pressão da mídia, influências sociais e influências negativas parentais e de amigos.Conti MA. Body image and nutritional status among students of a private school. São Paulo; 2002. [Dissertação de Mestrado Faculdade de Saúde Pública da USP].The body image, understood as the body image formed by mind, has been developing since the birth. The present study aimed to verify the body image perception of adolescents, through nutritional status evaluation and an adapted body satisfaction scale application. The sample was 147 teenagers (52 boys and 95 girls) with 12 years old on average who had their weight and stature measured and answered a body satisfaction questionnaire. In relation to the nutritional status, it was registered for the boys, 1.92% of leanness, 53.84% of normality and 44.23% of overweight/obesity, and for the girls, 3.15%, 77.89% and 18.92% respectively. The boys had identified complete body dissatisfaction with weight (34.6%) and stomach area (25.0%) and girls with their weight (30.5%), thorax/breast (20.0%) and stomach area (17.9%). It was detected significant association between nutritional status and body satisfaction. The boys classified as overweight/obesity had greater dissatisfaction with the stomach area, waist and weight comparing to the boys classified as normal. The girls had greater dissatisfaction with their hair, buttocks, hip, thighs, legs, stomach, shoulder/back, muscle strenght, weight and general aspects. It was registered significant differences between the phase of adolescence (sexual maturation) and degree of body satisfaction. The pre-pubescent boys had greater dissatisfaction with the shoulder/back area than the pubescent ones. For the pos-pubescent girls, greater dissatisfaction was related to the face area, hair, hip, stomach area, waist, thorax/breast, muscle strength, height and general aspects, comparing to the pubescent ones. When gender and body satisfaction was associated, the boys had shown greater dissatisfaction with the stomach area and buttocks and girls with the thorax/breast area. In conclusion the nutritional status, sexual maturation and gender were associated with body satisfaction and body image. In the public health area, the possible body dissatisfaction causes among teenagers are midia, social, familiar and peers influences.
36
Duffy, Alan Wadsworth Danielle D. "Perfectionism, perfectionistic self-presentation, body comparisons, and disordered eating in Women's Artistic Gymnastics." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SUMMER/Health_and_Human_Performance/Thesis/Duffy_Alan_30.pdf.
37
Schaefer, Mallary Kay. "The Influence of Appearance-Related Teasing by Parents, Siblings, and Peers on Adolescents' Body Image with Appearance-Related Social Comparison as a Mediator." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29326.
Анотація:
Body image refers to how individuals experience and perceive their bodies and can be
affected by many factors, including peers and family members. Adolescence is a time when
body image concerns are emphasized due to the bodily changes of puberty as well as
increased internalization of cultural ideals and pressure to adhere to those ideals.
Appearance-related teasing is one particular sociocultural factor that is gaining attention in
the research field due to the emphasis placed on appearance during adolescence. The
current study examined how appearance-related teasing by peers, parents, and siblings
affected young adolescents' body image both directly and indirectly via social comparison.
Further, because body image is a multidimensional construct and can include body
dissatisfaction and drive for muscularity, the present study examined both of these
constructs separately. I collected self-report questionnaires from 73 adolescent girls and 67
boys in middle school. I used Pearson correlations, linear regression, and mediation
analyses to examine these hypotheses. First, I hypothesized that adolescents who were
teased about their appearance by at least one of their parents would also have siblings who
teased them. I found significant correlations between both fathers' and mothers' teasing
and siblings' teasing, suggesting that parents are modeling teasing behaviors to their
children. Second, I hypothesized that appearance-related teasing by fathers, mothers, peers,
and siblings would each be associated with body dissatisfaction for girls and drive for
muscularity for boys. My findings indicated that mothers', fathers', peers', and siblings'
teasing predicted girls' body dissatisfaction and that mothers' and fathers' teasing predicted
boys' drive for muscularity. Therefore, appearance-related teasing appears to be
detrimental behavior that negatively influences adolescents' body image. Third, I
hypothesized that appearance-related social comparison would mediate the relationship
between appearance-related teasing from all sources and body dissatisfaction among girls
and drive for muscularity among boys. Appearance-related social comparison fully
mediated the relationship between fathers' teasing and girls' body dissatisfaction and the
relationship between mothers' teasing and boys drive for muscularity. My findings suggest
that boys and girls who were teased about their appearance were more likely to engage in
social comparison, which negatively impacted their body image. Therapists need to be
aware of the role family members' and peers' appearance-related teasing play in the
development of adolescents' body image in order to address the occurrence and negative
effects of teasing. In addition, researchers will need to conduct future studies further
investigating appearance-related teasing by family members and peers and design
intervention and prevention programs to address teasing and social comparison among the
family and peer contexts.
38
Cevik, Senem Bahar. "Impact of media spokeswomen on teen girls' body image." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2801.
Анотація:
This project investigated body image issues of girls aged 13-19 years old. It surveyed a random sample of 100 girls via a self-administered questionnaire. The study found that most teen girls have a celebrity actor idol and that the majority of teen girls are self conscious regarding body shape and weight.
39
Byrne, Nuala M. "Appearance-related body image, weight-control practices and anthropometric status of Brisbane adolescents." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1994. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36713/1/36713_Digitised%20Thesis.pdf.
Анотація:
It is well documented that females are more dissatisfied than males with physical appearance in general, and body weight in particular. Studies on adult populations indicate that preoccupation with body weight and shape is reflected in the adoption of restrictive dietary practices and other harmful methods of weight regulation. Few studies have considered gender differences in the relationship between body image and weight-control practices across childhood and adolescence. However, recent research suggests that disturbances in diet and appearance-related attitudes and behaviours are well established by adolescence. The current study investigated appearance-related body image utilising both perceptual and subjective assessment techniques, tendencies toward disordered eating practices, and motivations for exercise participation, in a group of 517 adolescent males and females. In addition, the study assessed whether the gender-differences regarding body image could be attributed to body composition and/or perceptual differences in weight-related measures.
The results suggest that the gender differences in appearance-related body image and weight-control practices cited in studies of adults are present in adolescents. Whilst these gender differences may originate as a function of pubertal timing, they seem to be reinforced by the societal emphasis on ideal body types that are less biologically attainable for females than males. In accordance with previous research, females were more likely than males to report preoccupation with body weight and shape, maladaptive eating behaviours such as dieting and fasting, and exercising for weight-control and to improve muscle tone. Motivations to exercise such as attractiveness, weightcontrol, and improving tone, were significantly correlated with body dissatisfaction and tendencies toward dietary restriction. The results also indicated that there is a need for further research to devise measurement protocols that can be employed to assess appearance-related body image and weight-control practices across the lifespan.
40
Wickman, Laurel J. "A correlational study of the impact of media influence on the body image of adolescent females." Online version, 2000. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2000/2000wickmanl.pdf.
41
Mack, Jennifer E. "Nutrition knowledge, disordered eating, and body dissatisfaction among middle school females." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1221314.
Анотація:
The purpose of the study was to better understand nutrition knowledge, disordered eating and body dissatisfaction among middle school females, in hopes of disseminating this information to parents, teachers, and others with an interest in the well-being of young women. The design of the study determined prevalence of disordered eating and body dissatisfaction, and the level of nutrition knowledge among middle school females. 134 subjects completed a 66-item questionnaire. Descriptive statistics along with an independent t-test, chi square, and Pearson product moment correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. Prevalence of disordered eating among 7th graders was 18.8%, and 15% for 8" graders. High levels of body dissatisfaction were observed in 35% of 7"' graders and 26% of 8t' graders. A significant relationship was found between nutrition knowledge and disordered eating (r=-.309). There was no statistically significant difference between 70' and 8th graders for either disordered eating or body dissatisfaction.Department of Physiology and Health Science
42
Henderson, Katherine A. "Friendship relations, bulimic symptomatology, and body esteem in a non-clinic sample of high school girls." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ59140.pdf.
43
Shunk, Sally A. "Differences in energy and nutrient intakes, body composition, and body image between adolescent male and female athletes (swimmers) and non- athletes." Virtual Press, 1993. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/865939.
Анотація:
Competitive swimming is a sport in which "the need to succeed" is stressed and the desire to reach the optimal level of performance--physically, emotionally, and nutritionally is strong. This research sought to investigate whether there were differences in nutrient intakes, percent body fat, and body image between male and female swimmers and their non-athletic counterparts at Muncie Central High School in Muncie, Indiana.The accessible population for this study included those male and female athletes and non-athletes, ages 14 to 18, who attended Muncie Central High School during the 1989-1990 school year.The data indicated that athletes did not differ from non-athletes while males and females did differ significantly in significant differences in height between athletes and non-athletes, primarily due to the differences in the height of female athletes as males appeared to be similar, but female athletes were one-half inch taller, on the average, than female non-athletes. There were no significant differences between the weights of male between athletes and non-athletes,male non-athletes were and female athletes and non-athletes; however, male athletes were 13 lbs. lighter, on the average, than their male counterparts. There was a significant interaction, in percent body fat, significantly fatter than male athletes. There was a tendency for males to have lower scores on the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT) than females, suggesting that males were at lower risks for disorders than females.These data suggest that nutrition education programs should be planned to ensure good diets for all students, athletes, and non-athletes.Department of Home Economics
44
Lawrence, Christine M. "Racial and maternal influences on preadolescent females eating attitudes and body image /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9841315.
45
Miranda, Valter Paulo Neves. "Insatisfação corporal em adolescentes de municípios de pequeno porte." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2011. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/2066.
Анотація:
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Devido às mudanças físicas e psicossociais que ocorrem na adolescência, muitos jovens podem sofrer insatisfação com sua imagem corporal, influenciada por fatores biológicos e socioculturais. Por isso, este estudo buscou analisar a incidência de insatisfação corporal de adolescentes que vivem em cidades de pequeno porte, bem como a influência da idade, do sexo e do estado nutricional na insatisfação com o corpo. Realizou-se uma pesquisa epidemiológica do tipo transversal com escolares de 15 a 19 anos, moradores de cidades com até 5.000 habitantes, localizadas na Zona da Mata mineira, em um raio de 70 km de Juiz de Fora, MG. Foram encontradas 9 cidades com 1.015 alunos matriculados no ensino médio, em 4 cidades, selecionadas de forma aleatória simples. Em cada uma, foi feito um censo com todos os alunos elegíveis para se alcançar um número de jovens relevante, sendo a amostra composta por 413 escolares. A insatisfação corporal foi avaliada pelo Body Shape Questionnaire e pela Escala Evaluacíon de Insatisfacíon Corporal para Adolescentes, ambos validados para a população adolescente brasileira. A idade, o sexo e o estado nutricional foram as variáveis independentes selecionadas para verificar a relação dos escolares com a insatisfação corporal. Foi usado o software SPSS v.17.0 para fazer análise descritiva das variáveis e os testes estatísticos para verificar a relação das variáveis biológicas com a insatisfação corporal, usando nível de significância de 5%. O teste de normalidade de Komolgorov Smirnov, o teste de variância de Kruskall-Wallis com post hoc Bonferroni e o teste de Mann-Whitney foram usados para analisar a relação das variáveis independentes com a insatisfação corporal. A média de idade foi de 16,6±1,4 anos, sendo 178 do sexo masculino (41,3%) e 235 do sexo feminino (56,9%). A maioria dos adolescentes, 71,9%, foi classificada com índice de Massa Corporal normal. As médias gerais de insatisfação corporal foram 66,78±29,63 pontos no Body Shape Questionnaire, sendo que 73,6% dos adolescentes mostraram-se livres de insatisfação Corporal pela análise desse instrumento. Já a Escala de Avaliação da Insatisfação corporal para Adolescentes obteve 17,96±11,74 pontos de média de insatisfação. Nas cidades pesquisadas, houve diferença significativa de insatisfação (p<0,05) e observou-se que as meninas estavam, significativamente, mais insatisfeitas que os meninos. Os jovens que apresentaram IMC acima do normal estavam mais insatisfeitos. Concluiu-se que a insatisfação não teve alta incidência entre os adolescentes das cidades pequenas pesquisadas, contudo percebeu-se que algumas variáveis, como o estado nutricional e o sexo, são fatores que contribuem para insatisfação corporal. Estudos epidemiológicos são importantes para avaliar a relação da imagem corporal com a insatisfação corporal entre os adolescentes de regiões com contextos sociodemográficos diferentes. Além disso, servem para detectar quais são os principais fatores que influenciam no aumento da insatisfação dos jovens com o próprio corpo.
Due to the physical and psychosocial changes that occur on the adolescence, a lot of young boys and girls can suffer dissatisfaction with their body image that can be caused by biological and sociocultural factors. Thus, this study sought analyze the incidence of teenagers body dissatisfaction specially whose that live in small cities and the influence of other factors like these: age, sex and nutritional state on this dissatisfaction with the body. An transversal epidemiological research was donne with students among 15 to 19 years old that live on cities with until 5.000 inhabitants located in the mineira Zona da Mata , around the 70 Km the Juiz de Fora city, Minas Gerais. According to the informations, nine cities were found with 1.015 matriculated students on medium degree. Four cities were selected on the simple aleatory form. In each one, an census was donne with all the elegible students trying to reach a relevant number of youthes compounding a pattern with 413 students. The body dissatisfaction was evaluated by the Body Shape Questionnaire and by Escala Evaliacíon de Insatisfaíon Corporal para Adolescentes, both made valid to the brazilian teenagers population. The age, the sex and the nutritional state were the independent variances selected to verify the students relation with the body dissatisfaction. A software SPSS v.17.0 was used to make the variances descriptive analysis and the statistics tests to verify the biological variances relation with the body dissatisfaction by using the significance level of 5%. The Komolgorov Smimov test; the Kruskall-Wallis test with post hoc Bonferroni and Mann-Whitney test were utilized to evaluate the dissatisfaction among the young people that live in small cities selected with independents variables. The age average was 16,6 ± 1,4 years old, 178 males (41,3%) and 235 females (56,9%). The majority of the teenagers, 71,9%, was classified with normal Body mass index. The general averages of the Body Shape Questionnaire was 66,78 ± 29,63 with classification 73,6% of adolescents considered points themselves free of corporal dissatisfaction. The EEICA‟s score was 17,96 ± 11,74 points, however, this scale can‟t dissatisfaction classification. Among the researched cities, there was a significant dissatisfaction difference (p< 0,05) an it was observed that the girls were more dissatisfaction than the boys. It was also noticed that the students with body mass index above average were more dissatisfation. It was conclude that the dissatisfaction didn‟t have great incidence among the teenagers in the researched small cities. However, it was perceived that some variances, as the nutritional state and sex are factors that contribute to the body dissatisfaction. Epidemiologic studies, like this research, are important to evaluate the corporal image relation with body dissatisfaction among the teenagers of the regions with different sociodemographical contexts. Besides, they serve to detect which are the principal factors that influence on the increase of the youth‟s dissatisfaction with own body.
46
Hardie, Alison. "Eating disorders, body image and weight control life orientation teachers' knowledge, attitudes and behaviours." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/394.
Анотація:
The apparent increase in the incidence of both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa worldwide has resulted in a surge of interest in effective treatment, prevention programmes and health promotion. Health promotion and the primary prevention of eating and body image problems among young people, and in particular adolescents, is emerging as one of the most desirable achievements in contemporary health and nutrition education. Eating disorders usually have their origin during the teenage years, and as such, high schools provide useful sites for the implementation of prevention programmes. Educators can play an important role in the prevention of eating disorders and act as socialization agents who either reinforce or buffer the dominant societal discourses that shape young women’s views of themselves. There are calls, however, for caution in the design and implementation of school-based eating disorder curricula as school educators may inadvertently do more harm than good. It has also been suggested that female educators, as other women, are likely to possess a degree of normative discontent with their body shape and size, and that this dissatisfaction and negative beliefs about food may be unknowingly transferred to the learners within their care. The current study used an exploratory, descriptive research design to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and behaviours related to eating disorders, body image and weight control of a group of Life Orientation educators. A biographical questionnaire, a questionnaire designed for the purposes of the current research and two standardised paper-and-pencil questionnaires, namely the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT), were administered to 50 female Life Orientation educators in the Nelson Mandela Metropole. A non-probability purposive sampling technique was used in the selection of participants and descriptive statistics were used to explore and describe the data. The results of the current research study indicated a lack of knowledge in those Life Orientation educators assessed regarding eating disorders and healthy diet. The results also indicated inaccurate knowledge amongst those educators assessed regarding effective and safe teaching practices of eating disorder pathology. The results of the two standardised questionnaires reflected an internalisation of the dominant societal ideals regarding weight and body shape, with 18% of the sample xi demonstrating attitudes and behaviours that could be indicative of eating disorder pathology of either clinical or subclinical proportions. Suggestions were made regarding future research and the need for further training of Life Orientation educators. Finally, the limitations as well as the value of the research were outlined.
47
Trainer, Sarah Simpson. "Local Interpretations of Global Trends: Body Concerns and Self-Projects Enacted by Young Emirati Women." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293452.
Анотація:
In this dissertation, I use the ethnographic case study of the United Arab Emirates to illustrate a much larger phenomenon that involves young women worldwide in the throes of identity negotiation at a time of accelerated global flows of information, foods, fashion, media images, fashions, health information, and health and self-enhancement products. My research utilizes ethnographic and anthropometric information as a means of investigating the ways in which these global flows are affecting the physical bodies, attitudes, behaviors, perceptions of self, and perceptions of community in a sample of young, female, Emiratis living in the UAE in the Arab Gulf in the twenty-first century. I employ biocultural methods and perspectives to examine bodies-as-products and bodies-as-projects in this cohort, focusing on health, beauty, and self-presentation projects. I also focus on the uncertainty and accompanying psychosocial stress that these women are subject to as a result of juggling globalized, "modern" opportunities and lifestyles on the one hand with local expectations and regulations on the other. Key to these analyses is the acknowledgment of the synergy between biology and culture, and the effects of both local and global factors on this synergy.
48
Gartrell, Stacey R. "Father Absence, Onset of Menarche, and Body Dissatisfaction: Importance of Father Absence." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277647/.
Анотація:
Relationships between body dissatisfaction, dieting methods, father absence, and puberty timing were investigated in this study. Participants included adolescent females from Wave 1 of the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent Health. Logistic regression results indicated that girls without a biological father in the home were significantly more likely to have an early onset of puberty than on-time or late. Girls who experienced early puberty exhibited higher levels of body dissatisfaction, but didn't use more dieting methods. Early onset girls more likely used dieting methods if their biological father was present than absent; however, no significant difference in body dissatisfaction was shown. A negative relationship with fathers indicated more body dissatisfaction. None of the attained findings were found when the biological mother was absent, and having a stepfather did not seem to matter. Evidence was revealed that fathers play a role in their daughters' view of their own bodies.
49
Kwong, Yip-yee. "Body dissatisfaction of adolescent girls in a Hong Kong secondary school." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2243429X.
50
Mostert, Petronella Louisa. "Determining the relationship between the body image of adolescent girls and their academic achievement, social involvement and sport participation : a pilot study." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003373.
Анотація:
Ever since the earliest times much emphasis has been placed on the physical appearance of women. Particularly in western cultures idealized images of perfection are constantly promoted and the message that comes across in various media outlets is that a woman ought to have a 'perfect' appearance in order to be competent and desirable. This puts a great deal of stress on women and particularly on adolescent girls who are going through a phase of increased sensitivity about their appearance. The literature suggests that people, and women in particular, are fundamentally affected by the way they view their bodies. The body image furthermore has a strong relationship with the self concept, which affects other areas of a person's life such as her academic achievement and her social 'life. Against this background an attempt was made in this study to determine the relationship between the body image of adolescent girls and their academic achievement, their sport participation and their social involvement. The subjects were 180 girls drawn from two rural secondary schools. The survey involved the completion of two questionnaires, namely an adapted form of the Physical Self Subscale of the Tenessee Self Concept Scale (used to determine a score for body image) and a questionnaire on social involvement and sport participation, which was drawn up by the researcher. Biographic data as well as academic scores were gathered from school records. Data was analysed statistically by means of the BMDP Software Version 1990: programme (Sun Unix). Pearson's chi square tests of independence, as well as a one-way analysis of variance with co-variate were carried out. The results reveal that the body image and academic achievement of this group of girls are not significantly correlated. There are, however, significant correlations between the body image and social involvement of these girls, between their body image and sport participation, as well as between their social involvement and sport participation. iv These findings have important implications for"'e"ducation and consideration is given to addressing these issues in schools.