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1
Reynolds, Michelle H., Richard J. Camp, Bonnie M. B. Nielson, and James D. Jacobi. "Evidence of change in a low-elevation forest bird community of Hawai'i since 1979." Bird Conservation International 13, no. 3 (September 2003): 175–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270903003149.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We evaluated the abundance and distribution of low-elevation forest birds on windward Hawai'i Island during August 1993-February 1994, and present evidence of changes in the species composition of the forest bird community since 1979. Endemic Hawaiian birds occurred in native-dominated forests as low as 120 m elevation. Non-native species were detected at all survey locations. We observed non-native Saffron Finch Sicalis flaveola, previously unrecorded in Puna. Variable circular plot surveys of Kahauale'a Natural Area Reserve indicated the disappearance of two native species ('I'iwi Vestiaria coccinea and 'O'u Psittitostra psittacea), and two non-native additions (Red-billed Leiothrix Leiothrix lutea and Kalij Pheasant Lophura leucomelana) to the study area since the Hawai'i Forest Bird Survey conducted in 1979. We present evidence that native 'Elepaio Chasiempsis sandwichensis has experienced a decrease in population density and an elevational range contraction since 1979. Surveys indicate Puna's forest bird community has had increasing aliens and declining native species since 1979. The persistence of some native bird species within the range of avian disease vectors such as Culex quinquefasciatus in forests below 1,000 m elevation presents an important enigma that requires additional study.
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Kutt, A. S., L. Hales, P. Hales, P. Young, C. Edwards, B. Warren, K. Shurcliff, and G. Harington. "Bird monitoring in a tropical savanna conservation reserve suggests Noisy Miners Manorina melanocephala and adaptive fire management should be a future management focus." Australian Field Ornithology 38 (2021): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.20938/afo38131136.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Long-term monitoring of bird communities over time can provide important data for management, and the adaptation of that management over time. We examined data from bird surveys across 37 sites sampled in five different years from 2009 to 2017 in a 56,000-ha tropical savanna conservation reserve, in northern Queensland. Because of the limitations of the survey method and the lack of environmental data for sites, we examined broad patterns in the abundance of small- and large-bodied birds, abundance of Noisy Miners Manorina melanocephala, land type, survey year, and time since last fire. There was some variation in bird species richness and abundance across the land types, years sampled and Noisy Miner abundance; however, the clearest pattern was decreasing numbers of small-bodied birds and increasing Noisy Miner abundance, and an association between time since fire (i.e. <3 years, >5 years), Noisy Miner abundance and diversity in other birds. The apparent and potentially compounding interaction of Noisy Miners and fire could be an emerging problem. Future fire management needs to be embedded in a program of targeted question-driven monitoring and adaptive management, to provide more assured approaches to prescribed burning that enhances bird conservation.
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Budka, Michał, Marek Jobda, Paweł Szałański, and Hubert Piórkowski. "Acoustic approach as an alternative to human-based survey in bird biodiversity monitoring in agricultural meadows." PLOS ONE 17, no. 4 (April 8, 2022): e0266557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266557.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Acoustic monitoring has been tested as an alternative to the traditional, human-based approach of surveying birds, however studies examining the effectiveness of different acoustic methods sometimes yield inconsistent results. In this study we examined whether bird biodiversity estimated by traditional surveys of birds differs to that obtained through soundscape surveys in meadow habitats that are of special agricultural importance, and whether acoustic monitoring can deliver reliable indicators of meadows and farmland bird biodiversity. We recorded soundscape and simultaneously surveyed birds by highly skilled human-observers within a fixed (50 m and 100 m) and unlimited radius using the point-count method twice in the breeding season at 74 recording sites located in meadows, in order to compare differences in (1) bird biodiversity estimation of meadow, farmland, songbird, and all bird species and (2) the detection rate of single bird species by these two methods. We found that recorders detected more species in comparison to the human-observers who surveyed birds within a fixed radius (50 and 100 m) and fewer when detection distance for human-observers was unlimited. We did not find significant differences in the number of meadow and farmland bird species detected by recorders and observers within a 100 m radius–the most often used fixed radius in traditional human based point-counts. We also showed how detection rate of 48 the most common bird species in our study differ between these two methods. Our study showed that an acoustic survey is equally effective as human observers surveying birds within a 100 m radius in estimation of farmland and meadow bird biodiversity. These groups of species are important for agricultural landscape and commonly used as indicators of habitat quality and its changes. Even though recorders rarely detect species that remain mostly silent during the observation periods, or species that are further distant than 100 m away, we recommend using acoustic soundscape recording methods as an equally effective and more easily standardised alternative for monitoring of farmland and meadow bird biodiversity. We propose adaptation of acoustic approach to long-term, large-scale monitoring by collecting acoustic data by non-specialists, including landowners and volunteers, and analysing them in a standardised way by units supervising monitoring of agriculture landscape.
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Charoenpokaraj, Nitinarth, and Petchpanom Chitman. "Species Diversity and Abundance of Birds along Boat Touring Routes for Ecotourism in Tha-kha Sub-District, Amphawa District, Samut Songkram Province, Thailand." Proceedings 2, no. 22 (November 5, 2018): 1389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2221389.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Tha-kha Floating Market is a famous tourist attraction in Tha Kha sub-district, Amphawa district, Samut Songkram Province, Thailand. There are Thai paddle-boats for tourists to get close to nature and local people lifestyle along the canals. The objectives of this research were (1) to study species diversity, feeding behavior and status of birds in the research area. (2) to analyze abundance and similarity of birds in the research area. The data was carried out by field survey of species of birds and their behaviors sighted directly and from their calls by using line transect method then classify species, feeding behavior and status of birds, analyze their abundance and similarity in three routes. Three boat touring routes were surveyed; route 1 (Tha Kha floating market—homestay), route 2 (Tha Kha floating market—Thai traditional sugar making kiln), and route 3 (Thai traditional sugar making kiln—resort). The survey was conducted in the morning from 7 a.m. to 10 a.m. and in the afternoon from 3 p.m. to 6 p.m. One survey was made each month from April 2017–March 2018. The result of this research found that there were 15 orders, 37 families and 74 species of birds. The highest number of bird species in 3 routes was 49 species in December and 47 species in November accordingly because it was migratory season of migratory birds in the research area. According to bird feeding behavior, the maximum insectivorous bird species of 35 were found in 3 routes. According to status of birds, 52 resident birds, 9 migratory birds, 13 resident and migratory birds were found in 3 routes. According to bird abundance, 21 bird species were in level 5, 7 bird species in level 4, 20 bird species in level 3, 9 bird species in level 2 and 17 bird species in level 1. According to bird similarity index, the similarity index between route 1 and route 3 was 0.814. The community also organized eco-touring activities by using Thai paddle-boats. So the birds are as indicators of natural balance of local ecosystem.
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Craig, Adrian. "Bird Migration: A General Survey." African Zoology 37, no. 2 (October 2002): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15627020.2002.11657188.
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David, J. Patrick, R. J. Ranjit Daniels, and Vinoth Balasubramanian. "A reassessment of the avian species diversity in the Eastern Ghats of Tamil Nadu, after the Vernay Survey." Journal of Threatened Taxa 9, no. 8 (August 26, 2017): 10538. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.2763.9.8.10538-10550.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Eastern Ghats of Tamil Nadu have been poorly surveyed for birds. The best known bird survey in the Eastern Ghats of Tamil Nadu (EGTN) was by V.S. LaPersonne who carried out the the Surveys in Tamilnadu Eastern Ghats between 08th April, 1929 and 25th July 1929. This was reported by WHistler & Kinnear. Thereafter information about birds in EGTN has come only from checklists published from time to time, by researchers, whose primary focus was not birds. Hence, to fill this lacuna, a comprehensive survey of birds was undertaken in the EGTN from March 2012-–--February 2015. The objectives of the study were to document the avian richness and abundance in EGTN, put them in perspective to the Vernay Survey conducted more than 80 years back, and identify priority sites for bird conservation. The study covered the hills and forests of Tamil Nadu spanning nine districts. In total, 262 species of birds were recorded during the survey. Eight species of birds fall under the threatened category. Species such as Square-tailed Bulbul Hypsipetes (lecocephalus) ganeesa, Rufous Woodpecker Micropternus brachyurus, Asian Fairy Bluebird Irena puella, and Malabar Whistling Thrush Myophonus horsfieldii still persist in the same old sites reported in the Vernay Survey. The top five abundant species were the Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer, White-browed Bulbul Pycnonotus luteolus, Red-whiskered Bulbul Pycnonotus jocosus, Common Iora Aegithina tiphia, and Purple-rumped Sunbird Leptocoma zeylonica. The Vaniyar riparian tract in the Shevroys, from its origins in the hills to the Vaniyar dam downstream, is a potential bird conservation site in the Eastern Ghats of Tamil Nadu.
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Budka, Michał, Kinga Kułaga, and Tomasz Stanislaw Osiejuk. "Evaluation of Accuracy and Precision of the Sound-Recorder-Based Point-Counts Applied in Forests and Open Areas in Two Locations Situated in a Temperate and Tropical Regions." Birds 2, no. 4 (October 21, 2021): 351–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/birds2040026.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The point-count method is one of the most popular techniques for surveying birds. However, the accuracy and precision of this method may vary across various environments and geographical regions. We conducted sound-recorder-based point-counts to examine the accuracy and precision of the method for bird biodiversity estimation as a function of geographical region, habitat type and the time of day at which the survey began. In temperate (Poland) and tropical (Cameroon) regions, we recorded soundscapes on two successive mornings at 36 recording sites (18 in each location). At each site, we analyzed three 5-min surveys per day. We found no differences in the accuracy and precision of the method between regions and habitats. The accuracy was significantly greater at sunrise than during later surveys. The similarity of the bird assemblages detected by different surveys did not differ between regions or habitats. However, the bird communities described at the same time of day were significantly more similar to each other than those detected by surveys conducted at different times. The point-count method provided statistically indistinguishable estimates of bird biodiversity in different geographical regions and habitats. However, our results highlight two weaknesses of the method: low accuracy (41–54%), which limits the usefulness of a single survey in understanding bird–environment relationships, and changes in accuracy throughout the day, which may result in the misinterpretation of the status of bird populations.
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Kutt, A. S., S. G. Kearney, and P. L. Kern. "More than just Night Parrots: A baseline bird survey of Pullen Pullen Reserve, south-western Queensland." Australian Field Ornithology 38 (2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.20938/afo38001012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The birds of arid environments often exhibit nomadism, seasonal breeding and population fluctuations that respond to highly variable weather patterns. In this study we present data from a baseline bird survey in Bush Heritage Australia’s Pullen Pullen Reserve in south-western Queensland. We conducted seasonal surveys (October–November 2018, May 2019) in 40 sites representing Spinifex (Triodia spp.) grasslands, a complex of Mitchell Astrebla spp./chenopod grasslands and Georgina Gidgee Acacia georginae riparian woodlands, using a standardised 2-ha census. A total of 85 species was recorded in the standardised sites, as well as an additional 16 species recorded opportunistically. Twenty-six species (31%), many of which were nomadic, were recorded from only one of the surveys. Bird abundance and species richness were highest in the post-wet-season survey (May 2018), and there was strong variation in the composition of the bird species between the three habitats surveyed. These data provide a baseline to continue monitoring and to understand the resident and more peripatetic elements of this arid bird community, which should be surveyed regularly to investigate the role of changing management and the long-term influence of global environmental change.
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Nadeau, Christopher P., and Courtney J. Conway. "Field evaluation of distance-estimation error during wetland-dependent bird surveys." Wildlife Research 39, no. 4 (2012): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr11161.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Context The most common methods to estimate detection probability during avian point-count surveys involve recording a distance between the survey point and individual birds detected during the survey period. Accurately measuring or estimating distance is an important assumption of these methods; however, this assumption is rarely tested in the context of aural avian point-count surveys. Aims We expand on recent bird-simulation studies to document the error associated with estimating distance to calling birds in a wetland ecosystem. Methods We used two approaches to estimate the error associated with five surveyor’s distance estimates between the survey point and calling birds, and to determine the factors that affect a surveyor’s ability to estimate distance. Key results We observed biased and imprecise distance estimates when estimating distance to simulated birds in a point-count scenario (error = –9 m, s.d.error = 47 m) and when estimating distances to real birds during field trials (error = 39 m, s.d.error = 79 m). The amount of bias and precision in distance estimates differed among surveyors; surveyors with more training and experience were less biased and more precise when estimating distance to both real and simulated birds. Three environmental factors were important in explaining the error associated with distance estimates, including the measured distance from the bird to the surveyor, the volume of the call and the species of bird. Surveyors tended to make large overestimations to birds close to the survey point, which is an especially serious error in distance sampling. Conclusions Our results suggest that distance-estimation error is prevalent, but surveyor training may be the easiest way to reduce distance-estimation error. Implications The present study has demonstrated how relatively simple field trials can be used to estimate the error associated with distance estimates used to estimate detection probability during avian point-count surveys. Evaluating distance-estimation errors will allow investigators to better evaluate the accuracy of avian density and trend estimates. Moreover, investigators who evaluate distance-estimation errors could employ recently developed models to incorporate distance-estimation error into analyses. We encourage further development of such models, including the inclusion of such models into distance-analysis software.
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CROCKFORD, NICOLA J., and GRAEME M. BUCHANAN. "Volunteer survey effort for high-profile species can benefit conservation of non-focal species." Bird Conservation International 27, no. 2 (February 9, 2017): 237–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270916000186.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
SummaryThe last irrefutable record of the Critically Endangered Slender-billed Curlew Numenius tenuirostris came from 1995. The range of the species is poorly known, but between 2009 and 2011, volunteer observers surveyed more than 680 sites in 19 countries, with additional search effort in a further 12 countries. Although there were no definite sightings (two birds that might have been Slender-billed Curlew were reported), there were other benefits. These included increased knowledge of species distributions and populations in seldom visited areas (over 500,000 birds of over 400 species were observed), the identification of threats to at least 10 Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas, the identification of sites that could qualify as Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas, and capacity building and education through involvement with local survey teams and observers and finally recommendations for future surveys. Thus, these surveys demonstrate the potential benefits of volunteer field surveys for non-focal species.
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Scopin, Alexey E., Vladimir N. Sotnikov, Dmitry V. Skumatov, and Alexey A. Sergeyev. "Avian survey in tourist sites near Putao in northern Myanmar." Journal of Threatened Taxa 11, no. 3 (February 26, 2019): 13377–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.4176.11.3.13377-13384.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We present the results of short ornithological observations conducted in November–December 2014 and December 2015 in the territory near Putao in northern Myanmar at elevations below 1,500m. We recorded 105 species, which were mostly resident birds, and evaluated the species abundance with a relative scale along tourist walking routes in the area. The bird species richness in the Mali Hka River Valley was observed to be less than in the adjacent virgin mountain forests. Our results could be used for future bird monitoring fieldworks.
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Sabo Babura, Bashir, Salisu Muhammed, and Sa'adu Abubakar Mafara. "SPECIES DIVERSITY OF BIRDS OF PREY IN HADEJIA NGURU WETLANDS, NIGERIA." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 5, no. 4 (January 28, 2022): 260–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2021-0504-784.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The study aimed to determine the distribution, diversity and abundance of birds of prey in Hadejia Nguru wetlands Nigeria, carried out in March to August, 2021, with a view to providing information in a bid to establish a baseline for conservation for this group of birds. The Hadejia-Nguru Wetlands (HNWs) is a Ramsar site and an Important Bird Area (IBA) being recognized nationally and internationally as an ecological area for resident, inter-African and Palearctic migrant bird species in sub-Sahara region, Nigeria. Transect line method was used for the bird survey. This involved moving slowly along the transect line and recording all birds seen and detected in and around the transect line. The survey was carried out for a period of six (6) months using transect line method and each site was surveyed twice every month during the study period. Bird observation was carried out twice daily; morning between 6:00 to 10:00 a.m. and evening between 4:00 to 6:30p.m by walking slowly along the transect line. Birds were counted as birds seen and birds inflight were also counted. Richness index (RI) and t-test were used for data analysis. The total number of birds was calculated as the number of birds seen plus the number of birds heard. Transect line survey method detected a total of 1,562 individual birds of prey that belong to twenty four (24) species of 2 families. Accipitridae with 20 species is the richest family in species number and Falconidae with
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Parmley, E. Jane, Nathalie Bastien, Timothy F. Booth, Victoria Bowes, Peter A. Buck, Andre Breault, Dale Caswell, et al. "Wild Bird Influenza Survey, Canada, 2005." Emerging Infectious Diseases 14, no. 1 (January 2008): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1401.061562.
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Franklin, Donald C., and Richard A. Noske. "Nectar sources used by birds in monsoonal north-western Australia: a regional survey." Australian Journal of Botany 48, no. 4 (2000): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt98089.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We document the flora that provides nectar for birds in monsoonal north-western Australia, and examine the relationship between floral morphology and bird morphology in the region. Twenty-four regular nectarivores (21 honeyeaters, two lorikeets, one white-eye) and 29 opportunist species have been observed probing the flowers of 116 species of plants from 28 families. Amongst the nectar sources, the Myrtaceae is dominant in both the number of species and frequency of use, followed distantly by the Proteaceae and Loranthaceae. Variation between bird species in patterns of use of different floral structures primarily reflected the habitats occupied rather than shared or co-evolved morphology. Woodland birds made particular use of staminiferous cups, mangal specialists particular use of open sepaliferous and petaliferous flowers, and forest specialists and habitat generalists intermediate use of these flower types. Bird–flower relationships in monsoonal Australia may be generalised because of a combination of the dominance of mass-flowering myrtaceous trees, aridity during past glacials that may have eliminated specialists from the system, and perhaps also because many nectar sources are shared with bats.
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Debus, S. J. S., W. K. Martin, and J. M. Lemon. "Changes in woodland bird communities as replanted woodland matures." Pacific Conservation Biology 23, no. 4 (2017): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc16028.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Small patches of woodland were progressively established on degraded agricultural land near Gunnedah, northern New South Wales, on the heavily cleared Liverpool Plains. Birds were resurveyed in the plantings, and in agricultural fields (cropping and pasture) and remnant woodland, in 2011–12, 10 years after initial surveys in 2000–01. The plantings in the later survey were 60, 18, 16 and 13 years old, with a shrub layer included in the three youngest cohorts. The survey sites (total 14 ha planted, all within 200 m of remnant woodland) were paired 1-ha plots in each vegetation category. Birds were surveyed by 30-min area searches of each plot eight times over all seasons, using the same plots, procedure and observer as before. In all, 73 species were recorded in the later survey (versus 72 in the earlier survey), for a total of 87 species over both survey periods, with 58 species in 2011–12 (versus 54 in 2000–01) in the plantings; eight of 15 new species visited or colonised the maturing plantings. Avian species richness and abundance increased from the cleared agricultural plots through the progressively older plantings to resemble those in the remnant woodland. Between the first and second surveys, bird communities in the younger plantings converged with those in the older plantings and woodland. The nectar-feeding, foliage-feeding and ground-feeding insectivore guilds benefitted most, having increased in frequency in, or moved into, the younger cohorts of plantings (>13 years old), or both. Several threatened and other declining woodland birds visited, increased in or colonised the plantings. However, noisy miners (Manorina melanocephala) progressively occupied a few plots and excluded some other birds.
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Smith, Rhiannon, Julian Reid, Laura Scott-Morales, Stuart Green, and Nick Reid. "A baseline survey of birds in native vegetation on cotton farms in inland eastern Australia." Wildlife Research 46, no. 4 (2019): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr18038.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Context The Australian cotton industry has committed to (1) understanding the biodiversity value of remnant native vegetation on cotton farms, (2) funding independent, evidence-based assessments of the industry’s sustainability and environmental performance, and (3) investing in research that reports against recognised sustainability indicators. Aims The present study reports the results of an industry-wide survey to benchmark bird diversity in native vegetation on cotton farms spanning a 1260-km north–south subcontinental gradient from Central Queensland (Qld) to Southern New South Wales (NSW). Methods Between September and November 2014, birds were sampled twice on separate days in 2-ha quadrats (20 min per census) in eight remnant vegetation types as well as in native revegetation at 197 sites on 60 cotton farms spread across the principal cotton-growing zones (Central Qld, Border Rivers, Macquarie and Southern NSW) in inland eastern Australia. Key results We recorded 185 bird species in remnant and planted native vegetation on cotton farms. Species richness of bird communities declined from north to south. Bird community composition was similar in the three southern zones, differing somewhat in the north. The most frequent species were large (>60 g), readily detected landbirds common in agricultural districts, but 26 of the 53 extant species of conservation concern in the study region were also recorded, including 16 species of declining woodland birds. Bird composition, abundance, richness and diversity differed among the nine native vegetation types, with maximal and minimal bird abundance and diversity metrics recorded in river red gum-dominated riparian vegetation and grassland respectively. Conclusions Each remnant vegetation community had a generally distinct bird assemblage, indicating that all vegetation types contribute to regional biodiversity in cotton-growing zones in inland eastern Australia. Appropriate on-farm management of all remnant and planted native vegetation will assist regional biodiversity conservation. Implications For the Australian cotton industry to meet its stated environmental responsibilities, growers should be encouraged to prioritise the conservation management of remnant, riparian and planted native vegetation on cotton farms and the monitoring of bird species as an indicator of regional biodiversity response.
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Gális, Marek, Ladislav Naďo, Ervín Hapl, Ján Šmídt, Lucia Deutschová, and Jozef Chavko. "Comprehensive analysis of bird mortality along power distribution lines in Slovakia." Raptor Journal 13, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/srj-2019-0006.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Collisions and electrocutions on power lines are known to kill large numbers of birds annually on a global scale. We conducted comprehensive research focused on bird mortality caused by 22 kV and 110 kV distribution power lines in 13 Special Protection Areas in Slovakia. In the period between December 2014 and February 2016, 6,235 km of power lines were inspected twice during two periods (12/2014–03/2015 and 04/2015–02/2016) of field survey. In addition an intensive study was conducted during the second field survey at one-month intervals on power lines identified as the most dangerous for birds to collide with. As a result, 4,353 bird carcasses and bird remains representing 84 bird species and 14 orders were identified. Electrocution was suspected for 76.72% and collision for 23.28% of fatalities. Raptors were associated with 40% of all identified victims of electrocution. Two peaks of incidence were recorded, the first in March with a high rate of electrocutions as well as collisions of swans, pheasants, common blackbirds, ducks and herons, and the second in September predominantly featuring electrocution of raptors, magpies and corvids. We were unable to quantify seasonal patterns of mortality due to the limited sample of repeated mortality surveys resulting from the large grid of inspected power lines. We conducted comprehensive statistical analysis of more than 100 configurations of pylons and calculated their potential risk towards birds. Strong spatial correlation was revealed in the data set. Metal branch pylons and corner pylons with exposed jumper wires passing over the supporting insulators above the cross arms were the most dangerous configuration, accounting for 34.72% of total recorded electrocution fatalities (0.13 carcass/pylon). Cases of electrocution were also recorded for two bird species of major conservation concern in Slovakia: saker falcon (Falco cherrug) and eastern imperial eagle (Aquila heliaca). The results of this study may substantially improve conservation management and policies needed to reduce bird mortality.
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BABURA SABO, BASHIR, SALISU MOHAMMED, and MUSTAPHA ZAKARIYA KARKAMA. "RAPTORS IN BATURIYA BIRDS SANCTUARY NORTHWESTERN, NIGERIA." JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 8, no. 1 (July 30, 2022): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.56160/jaeess202281003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The dramatic increase in human pressure, deforestation and general decrease in tree cover, overgrazing and erosion, pesticide use, over-hunting and fishing, and sometimes direct persecution of predators, all impact negatively on birds of prey population. The study aimed to determine the distribution, diversity and abundance of birds of prey in Baturiya wetlands Nigeria, carried out in March to August, 2021, with a view to providing information in a bid to establish a baseline for conservation for this group of birds. Transect line method was used for the bird survey. The survey was carried out for a period of six (6) months using transect line method and each site was surveyed twice every month during the study period. Bird observation was carried out twice daily; morning between 6:00 to 10:00 a.m. and evening between 4:00 to 6:30p.m by walking slowly along the transect line. Birds were counted as birds seen and birds inflight were also counted. Transect line survey method detected a total of 431 individual birds of prey that belong to fifteen (15) species of 2 families. Accipitridae with 13 species is the richest family in species number and Falconidae with 2 species. Out of the 15 species recorded 8 are resident, 4 Palearctic migrant and 3 intra-African migrant. Three species of global conservation concern were also recorded; the Near threatened Red-necked falcon (Falco chicquera) and Pallid harrier (Circus macrourus) and the Endangered Martial eagle (Polemaetusbellicosus ). This survey shows that, the Baturiya bird sanctuary still retained a considerable number of birds of prey species that normally occur in West Africa. However, in order to maintain the bird community and other biodiversity of the wetland, the management needs to increase conservation measures that will ensure the protection of the wetlands. This can be done through training and re-training of more forest guards to ensure protection of the wetlands.
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Griffith, Emily H., John R. Sauer, and J. Andrew Royle. "Traffic Effects on Bird Counts on North American Breeding Bird Survey Routes." Auk 127, no. 2 (April 2010): 387–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/auk.2009.09056.
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Jambu, Nikunj, and Kaushal G. Patel. "Birds of Surat-Dangs: a consolidated checklist of 75 years (1944–2020) with special emphasis on noteworthy bird records and bird hotspots from northern Western Ghats of Gujarat, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 13, no. 7 (June 26, 2021): 18752–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.6259.13.7.18752-18780.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Surat-Dangs, historically known as a Bhil State, is the northernmost tip of Western Ghats in the state of Gujarat. Despite being a part of an endemic bird area and global biodiversity hotspot, avifaunal diversity has been less documented in the landscape. Two protected areas, Purna Wildlife Sanctuary and Vansda National Park, are designated in the landscape. A handful of studies on birds have been conducted after Dr. Salim Ali’s collection in 1944–48. We surveyed the landscape (both protected and non-protected areas) in 2012–13 and 2015–2018 for documentation of the avifaunal diversity. We present a consolidated checklist of birds from our surveys as primary data and all published literature and eBird checklists as secondary data. We have reported a total of 297 bird species belonging to 70 families and 21 orders including the first record of Nilgiri Wood-Pigeon Columba elphinstonii for the State as well as Purna Wildlife Sanctuary. Here, we have re-reported various species, which was suspected to be locally extinct from the protected area or landscape among other noteworthy bird records. We have identified bird-rich localities outside the protected areas based on the survey done by Salim Ali (1944–48) that can be used for future surveys. We also propose the landscape to be declared as an Important Bird Area (IBA) as per Global IBA criteria (A1, A2, & A3), which will pave the milestone for future conservation endeavors in the landscape.
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Xu, Weizhen, Weicong Fu, Jiaying Dong, Jiao Yu, Peilin Huang, Dulai Zheng, Ziru Chen, Zhipeng Zhu, and Guochang Ding. "Bird Communities Vary under Different Urbanization Types—A Case Study in Mountain Parks of Fuzhou, China." Diversity 14, no. 7 (July 10, 2022): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14070555.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Bird habitats are becoming increasingly fragmented as a result of rapid urbanization. As one of the essential refuges for urban bird communities, mountain parks are of practical significance for studying the spatial changes of birds, which can inform the future planning of mountain park planning. In this study, we assessed the α, β, and functional diversity of bird communities in mountain parks in Fuzhou, China, at three levels of urbanization (urban, peri-urban, suburban) and explored how diversity (abundance, richness, α-diversity, Chao1) varies along the urbanization gradient. A three-month bird survey was conducted using the transect method to examine the impact of urbanization on bird community structures in mountain parks. In addition, we evaluated the functional diversity of bird guilds in order to identify potential indicator species for monitoring different urbanization gradients in mountain parks. The results showed that: (1) During the three bird surveys from December 2021 to February 2022, 96 bird species and 2429 individuals of 9 orders, 34 families, and 63 genera were identified. (2) Urbanization had a significant impact on the overall bird α-diversity (p = 0.040) and richness (p = 0.024) but not on the overall bird abundance (p = 0.056). (3) The results of non-metric multidimensional scaling showed significant variations among overall birds in mountain parks along with three urbanization levels (stress = 0.155, p = 0.027). Similarly, significant differences were observed in the upper-stratum guild (stress = 0.183, p = 0.049) but not in other diet and vertical foraging stratum guilds. (4) Five species were identified as potential candidates for monitoring the trends of urban gradients. Moreover, compared to insectivorous or omnivorous guilds, most carnivorous and herbivorous guilds may not be suitable for monitoring the negative effects of urbanization in mountain parks. Our findings can help inform urban mountain park management or restoration strategies intended to mitigate the adverse impacts of urbanization.
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Sharma, Sadikshya, and Melissa M. Kreye. "Public Attitudes towards Birds and Private Forest Land Conservation." Forests 12, no. 11 (November 6, 2021): 1525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12111525.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The eastern United States is dominantd by private forest lands, which are important for supporting a significant proportion of global bird populations. Here, we examine public attitudes towards bird conservation, government involvement in private lands issues, and private forest management objectives with an aim to better understand how these perceptions may shape broader attitudes about bird conservation. Data were collected using psychometric scales and a statewide web survey of the general public in Pennsylvania, USA (n = 656). Findings reveal four unique perspectives about birds and important correlations with conservation support on private lands. Respondents with positive views about landowner assistance programs often had more complex attitudes towards birds and were associated with relational and ethical perspectives about birds. We conclude that future public education efforts might cultivate in learners a more robust understanding of bird conservation if they included private forest lands values and culture in their programs.
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Debela, Megersa Tsegaye, Qingming Wu, Lu Chen, Xueying Sun, Zhuo Xu, and Zhe Li. "Composition and Diversity of Over-Wintering Aquatic Bird Community on Poyang Lake, China." Diversity 12, no. 8 (August 10, 2020): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12080308.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The present study aimed to investigate the structure, composition and diversity of the over-wintering aquatic bird community of Poyang Lake, including Poyang Lake National Nature Reserve (PNNR), Nanji National Nature Reserve (NNNR) and Duchang Provincial Nature Reserve (DPNR), China. After the preliminary survey, birds surveyed from vantage points at each study site between the years 2016 and 2020 in the winter season. A total of 58 bird species belonging to nine orders and 13 families were observed. The study showed variation in effective species numbers (Species richness, Shannon’s diversity and Simpson’s diversity) among the three study sites and the survey years. Nanji National Nature Reserve had the highest avian diversity, whereas Duchang Provincial Nature Reserve had the lowest. Globally threatened bird species, Siberian Crane (critically endangered), Oriental Stork (endangered), found in our study sites. However, the current management practices of the nature reserve and conservation of this globally threatened bird species are inadequate, especially of Duchang Provincial Nature Reserve. Therefore, for long term conservation of birds in these areas, it needs continuing intentional improvement of the sites and awareness creation to the local community.
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Hughes, R., N. J. O’Hanlon, J. Calladine, and P. V. Harvey. "The Shetland Bird Survey: population trends for widespread breeding birds 2002–2019." Bird Study 67, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 521–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00063657.2021.1955823.
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Lameed, GA. "Species diversity and richness of wild birds in Dagona-Waterfowl sanctuary, Nigeria." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 12, no. 53 (August 3, 2012): 6460–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.53.9745.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The study of bird species diversity and richness in Dagona-Waterfowl Sanctuary was carried out during the midst of both early wet and late dry seasons, to provide comprehensive data on wild birds. Dagona Sanctuary is located within the BadeNguru Wetland sector. It is one of the important bird areas marked for the conservation of avifauna species in sub-Sahara region, Nigeria. Line Transect method was used to carry out birds’ survey at three different lake sites, namely: Gatsu (site:1), Mariam (site: 2) and Oxbow (site: 3). The instruments used were GarminTM 12 Global Positioning System (GPS), a pair of binoculars for bird’s identification, a field guide test- book and a 1,000 meters tape-rule. The data were tested with the Kolmogorov- Smirnov method o determine distribution level and birds’ diversity was assessed using Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index, while parametric tests were applied for all data. The results showed that bird species diversity was normally distributed in all the sites, site 2 had the highest diversity (2.74) compared to site 1: (1.84) and site 3: (1.62). Likewise, bird species richness in the area was normally distributed and significantly different (P<0.05) among the three sites. Site 1 had the highest number of bird species richness (16.36) (Species diversity is different species of birds at the site, while species richness is referring to specific species population), compared to site 2: (14.32) and site 3: (11.51). It was observed that there is a significant relationship between vegetation density and bird species diversity, because as tree density increases, diversity of bird species decreases. Therefore, there is a significant relationship between vegetation density and bird species diversity. A total of 135 bird species in 40 families was recorded during the survey. Seventy-four percent were found in site1, sixty-three percent in site 2 and seventy-one percent in site 3. The majority of wetland birds observed during this study were resident (Ardeidae family), migratory (Accipitridae family) and palearctic species (Yellow Wagtail, Warblers, Northern Shoveler and Sandpipers). It can be concluded that wild birds are good indicators of environmental condition, revealing the state of the wetland. Some sites were more disturbed, as observed in site 1 and site 3. It was, however, recommended that regular monitoring of the sites should be carried out so as to control changes in the state of the wetland ecosystem.
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Omotoriogun, Taiwo Crossby, Joseph Daniel Onoja, Talatu Tende, Shiiwua Manu, and Ulf Ottosson. "Density and diversity of birds in the wetlands of Yankari Game Reserve Bauchi Nigeria." Journal of Wetlands Ecology 5 (December 28, 2011): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jowe.v5i0.4778.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The biological, chemical, and physical operations and attributes of wetlands are vital in facilitating food resources, water, and shelter, which many terrestrial bird and waterbird species rely on for their daily requirments. Wetlands in Yankari Game Reserve, Nigeria are key stone ecosystem that provides a stopover, breeding and/or foraging platform for migratory and resident birds. This study determined the density and diversity of birds in the wetlands of Yankari Game Reserve. Ten wetlands within the reserve were identified and surveyed. The sizes (kilometer square) and isolation distances (kilometer) of the wetlands were measured (using GPS and Map Source) to determine their effects on bird density and diversity. Point count survey method was used to count birds. One hundred and twenty three species of birds belonging to 51 families were recorded in the wetlands. Significant patterns in the densities of birds were observed across the wetlands (Kruskal-Wallis H, X2=167.116, P=0.001) and also sizes of wetlands (Wilcoxon test: Z= -2.803, P=0.005). There was differences in mean number of birds in survey time (Kruskal-Wallis, X2=15.784, P=0.045). Evenings were probably most preferred in bird-wetland utilization. Key words: Density; Diversity; Yankari ecosystem; Wetland utilization DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jowe.v5i0.4778 J Wet Eco 2011 (5): 48-58
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Able, Kenneth P. "Bird Migration: A General Survey Peter Berthold." Auk 119, no. 3 (July 2002): 874–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4089993.
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PARMLEY, Jane, Stéphane LAIR, and Frederick A. LEIGHTON. "Canada's inter-agency wild bird influenza survey." Integrative Zoology 4, no. 4 (December 2009): 409–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-4877.2009.00177.x.
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Heubeck, Martin. "The Shetland Beached Bird Survey, 1979–1986." Bird Study 34, no. 2 (June 1987): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00063658709476944.
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Kasmawan, I. Gde Antha, I. Wayan Supartha, I. Nyoman Wijaya, and Ida Ayu Dwi Giriantari. "Bird pest attack and sound characteristics of bamboo traditional instruments as bird pest repellent on rice fields in Bali." International journal of life sciences 2, no. 3 (October 2, 2018): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.29332/ijls.v2n3.201.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study was to observe the attack of bird pest and examine Balinese bamboo traditional instruments, (in local language called kepuakan), as a repellent of bird pest. The research method used is the survey method, sample testing, or a combination of both. For bird pest attack, the survey results show that damage in rice panicles can reach 75% more. For kepuakan, the results of the survey and testing of the kepuakan samples in three rice planting centers, namely Tabanan, Badung, and Gianyar regencies, showed that kepuakan was made of bamboo rope (Giganlochloa apus) and jajang bamboo (Giganlochloa ridleyi) with various dimensions, length from 39.0-75.2 cm, diameter from 4.7-6.6 cm, thick bamboo from 0.4-0.8 cm. Sound characteristics produced by kepuakan are similar to knocking sound with the maximum sound pressure level varies from 101-112 dB at 10 cm distance and with frequency interval between 509-1,889 Hz with an average frequency of 1,205 Hz which is still within the range of hearing of birds. Based on the results of the characteristic test, the instrument of kepuakan is still feasible and safe to use as bird pest repellent on rice fields.
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Conway, Courtney J., and James P. Gibbs. "Effectiveness of Call-Broadcast Surveys for Monitoring Marsh Birds." Auk 122, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/122.1.26.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Many species of marsh birds (e.g. rails and bitterns) are believed to be declining in North America, yet we lack an effective monitoring program to estimate their population trends. Broadcast of prerecorded calls to elicit vocalizations is a commonly used method in surveys of marsh birds, but whether gains in detection and index precision outweigh the drawbacks of call-broadcast is unclear. To evaluate the effectiveness of call-broadcast surveys, we pooled marsh-bird survey data from 8,047 point-count surveys contributed by 11 cooperators and compared numbers of birds detected and variation in numbers detected between call-broadcast and passive surveys. For most rails (particularly Virginia Rails [Rallus limicola]), call-broadcast surveys were effective at increasing the detection probability (e.g. average number of Virginia Rails detected per occupied point was 1.25 for call-broadcast surveys and 0.17 for passive surveys). The proportion of points at which no birds were detected was high for all species (range 74–99%) and was slightly lower on call-broadcast surveys as compared with passive surveys. Coefficient of variation (CV) among replicate surveys was higher for passive surveys, particularly for rails (average CV in number of birds detected per point was 209% for passive surveys and 189% for call-broadcast surveys). On the basis of those results, we recommend a marsh-bird monitoring protocol that includes an initial passive period followed by a period of call-broadcast to provide survey data that incorporate the benefits while avoiding the drawbacks of call-broadcast. We also recommend separating both the passive and the call-broadcast periods into 1-min subsegments that will allow estimates of components of detection probability within the monitoring effort. Efectividad de Censos que Reproducen Vocalizaciones Pregrabadas para Monitorear Aves de Pantano
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Gregory, Richard D., Arco van Strien, Petr Vorisek, Adriaan W. Gmelig Meyling, David G. Noble, Ruud P. B. Foppen, and David W. Gibbons. "Developing indicators for European birds." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 360, no. 1454 (February 28, 2005): 269–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2004.1602.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The global pledge to deliver ‘a significant reduction in the current rate of biodiversity loss by 2010’ is echoed in a number of regional and national level targets. There is broad consensus, however, that in the absence of conservation action, biodiversity will continue to be lost at a rate unprecedented in the recent era. Remarkably, we lack a basic system to measure progress towards these targets and, in particular, we lack standard measures of biodiversity and procedures to construct and assess summary statistics. Here, we develop a simple classification of biodiversity indicators to assist their development and clarify purpose. We use European birds, as example taxa, to show how robust indicators can be constructed and how they can be interpreted. We have developed statistical methods to calculate supranational, multi-species indices using population data from national annual breeding bird surveys in Europe. Skilled volunteers using standardized field methods undertake data collection where methods and survey designs differ slightly across countries. Survey plots tend to be widely distributed at a national level, covering many bird species and habitats with reasonable representation. National species' indices are calculated using log-linear regression, which allows for plot turnover. Supranational species' indices are constructed by combining the national species' indices weighted by national population sizes of each species. Supranational, multi-species indicators are calculated by averaging the resulting indices. We show that common farmland birds in Europe have declined steeply over the last two decades, whereas woodland birds have not. Evidence elsewhere shows that the main driver of farmland bird declines is increased agricultural intensification. We argue that the farmland bird indicator is a useful surrogate for trends in other elements of biodiversity in this habitat.
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Purger, Jenő J. "The first detailed ornithological description of the island of Žirje (Croatia)." Ornis Hungarica 23, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/orhu-2015-0015.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Ornithofauna of the island of Žirje has not been explored yet. During an early and late survey in September of 2013 and 2014 altogether 50 bird species were recorded, 34 and 41 species was noted including both migratory and resident species in the two parts of the month, respectively. Nine species appeared only at the first half, while 16 species were registered only at the second half of the mouth. The results of this preliminary survey showed the obvious need for more intensive research of the island’s bird fauna, with special attention on nesting and wintering birds.
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SHEPHERD, CHRIS R., VINCENT NIJMAN, KANITHA KRISHNASAMY, JAMES A. EATON, and SERENE C. L. CHNG. "Illegal trade pushing the Critically Endangered Black-winged Myna Acridotheres melanopterus towards imminent extinction." Bird Conservation International 26, no. 2 (August 7, 2015): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270915000106.
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SummaryThe Critically Endangered Black-winged Myna Acridotheres melanopterus is being pushed towards the brink of extinction in Indonesia due to continued demand for it as a cage bird and the lack of enforcement of national laws set in place to protect it. The trade in this species is largely to supply domestic demand, although an unknown level of international demand also persists. We conducted five surveys of three of Indonesia’s largest open bird markets (Pramuka, Barito and Jatinegara), all of which are located in the capital Jakarta, between July 2010 and July 2014. No Black-winged Mynas were observed in Jatinegara, singles or pairs were observed during every survey in Barito, whereas up to 14 birds at a time were present at Pramuka. The average number of birds observed per survey is about a quarter of what it was in the 1990s when, on average, some 30 Black-winged Mynas were present at Pramuka and Barito markets. Current asking prices in Jakarta are high, with unbartered quotes averaging USD 220 per bird. Our surveys of the markets in Jakarta illustrate an ongoing and open trade. Dealers blatantly ignore national legislation and are fearless of enforcement actions. Commercial captive breeding is unlikely to remove pressure from remaining wild populations of Black-winged Mynas. Efforts to end the illegal trade in this species and to allow wild populations to recover are urgently needed. We also recommend the immediate inclusion of Black-winged Mynas in Appendix III of CITES to allow for international support to Indonesia in clamping down on international trade of the species.
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Nixon, Zachary, Jacqueline Michel, James Hoff, Doug Forsell, Sherry Krest, Robert Hossler, Kathy Clark, Ted Nichols, and John Dunn. "ESTIMATING BIRD INJURY FROM THE M/T ATHOS/ INCIDENT." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2008, no. 1 (May 1, 2008): 995–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2008-1-995.
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ABSTRACT On 26 November 2004, the MIT Athos 1 incident resulted in the release of an estimated 265,000 gallons of crude oil into the Delaware River System during a very dynamic period of bird migration in the region. The unique nature of the spill area, large numbers of birds, and complicating migratory activity required a novel approach. This effort, based on a large and high-quality field data set, represents one of the most complex risk-based damage assessments performed for birds injured during an oil spill to date. The approach estimates injury, both direct and indirect, while accounting for changing populations and oiling rates across time and in different areas for multiple guilds. During and after the spill, field teams conducted extensive aerial and ground surveys. Data from ground and aerial surveys were used in a rigorous risk-based assessment to estimate the extent of bird and wildlife losses resulting from the MIT Athos 1 incident. The total number of birds present in the area was estimated from detectability-adjusted aerial survey data for nine species guilds in three time periods. The number of birds in different oiling categories for each of these same guilds and time periods was estimated from ground survey data. This oiling information was then used to estimate the number of birds that were oiled and died in the field, or that survived with sublethal impacts. These estimates, combined with data from the wildlife rescue and recovery effort, were used to determine the total number of birds impacted (i.e. direct injury). Production foregone due to the loss of future generations (i.e. indirect injury), was included in the estimation of total injury as the discounted loss of production from dead individuals, and individuals that were oiled and survived, but then failed to reproduce. Demographic and reproductive statistics for model species from each guild were used to estimate this loss with age-structured population models.
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Hepburn, Lauren, Adam C. Smith, John Zelenski, and Lenore Fahrig. "Bird Diversity Unconsciously Increases People’s Satisfaction with Where They Live." Land 10, no. 2 (February 3, 2021): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10020153.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There is growing evidence that exposure to nature increases human well-being, including in urban areas. However, relatively few studies have linked subjective satisfaction to objective features of the environment. In this study we explore the links among objective environmental features (tree cover, water, and bird diversity) and subjective judgements of satisfaction. We surveyed residents of Ottawa, Canada (n = 1035) about their satisfaction with their local neighbourhoods. We then compared the survey responses to measures of nature near their homes, including bird diversity (number of bird species), tree canopy cover, and distance to water. After controlling for effects of income and subjective happiness, residents’ neighbourhood satisfaction was positively related to the number of bird species nearby, even before participants were prompted to consider nature. Residents’ appreciation of their local neigbourhood relative to others also increased with tree canopy cover and nearness to water. Unsolicited comments from participants following the survey indicated that while residents consciously appreciate trees and water, the relationship between bird diversity and neighbourhood satisfaction appears to be unconscious; very few of the participants mentioned birds. Based on these results, we speculate that a diverse local bird community may provoke feelings of satisfaction through their presence, activity, and songs. Our results create a compelling argument for city planners and individual residents to maintain bird-friendly spaces in urban areas.
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Jha, K., and B. R. Subba. "Rehabilited winter birds of Chimdi lake (Birju Tal) Sunsari, Nepal." Nepalese Journal of Biosciences 5, no. 1 (December 1, 2015): 58–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njbs.v5i1.41743.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Chimdi lake (101.6 hect.) situated in Sunsari district is at its rehabilitating phase. Besides wetland birds several grass land, open land and garden birds also take shelter here. In the present survey altogether 60 species of bird were recorded in three months (October, November, December). Few birds like Common Shelduck, Purple Moorhen, Coot, Mallard, Eurasian Wigeon were seen to have rehabilitated whereas several species of bird such Pheasant-tailed Jacana, Ruddy Shelduck, Darter, Glossy Ibis, White Ibis, Opened Billed stork, White Necked stork, Sparrow Hawk, Dark Kite, Marsh Harrier, Golden Plover, Pheasant Tailed Jacana, Curlew, Little Egret which were recorded in the initial stage of the lake did not turn out this time. Except the population of Lesser Whistling Teal, the population other species of bird was not found increased well in spite of safe habitat and food availability.
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Freeman, Stephen N., David G. Noble, Stuart E. Newson, and Stephen R. Baillie. "Modelling population changes using data from different surveys: the Common Birds Census and the Breeding Bird Survey." Bird Study 54, no. 1 (March 2007): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00063650709461457.
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Hofstatter, Paulo Gonzalez, and Ana Maria Aparecida Guaraldo. "Parasitological survey on birds at some selected brazilian zoos." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 24, no. 1 (March 2015): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612015005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A parasitological survey was conducted at some zoos in the states of São Paulo and Paraná, Brazil, from 2009 to 2011. Several groups of birds were surveyed for fecal samples, but the most important was Psittacidae. Among the parasites, Eimeria (coccidian) and Capillaria, Ascaridia and Heterakis (nematodes) were observed in almost one third of the samples. Presence of a rich parasite fauna associated with captive birds seems to be an effect of captivity, since data on free-ranging birds indicate few or virtually no parasites at all. The discovery of new coccidian species during this survey reveals the need of more research on the subject as even well-known bird species have unknown parasites, but caution must be exercised in order to avoid descriptions of pseudoparasites.
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A.D., Shelke. "Survey of Avifauna of Bahula Dam and its Nearby Areas of Pachora, Jalgaon, Maharashtra, India." International Journal of Zoological Investigations 08, no. 01 (2022): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.33745/ijzi.2022.v08i01.021.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Birds play a significant role in many ecosystems by providing a variety of ecological services. Birds eat pests, pollinate flowers, disperse seeds, scavenge carrion, cycle nutrients, and change the environment for the benefit of other species. In this study attempt has been made to record bird diversity at Bahula Dam and its nearby area during January 2020 to June 2021. This is the first avifauna report of Bahula dam and its nearby area. In the survey study total 108 species including water and the land birds were recorded belonging to 16 avifaunal orders and 46 families. Order Passeriformes is dominant in the study area, including 23 families and 44 species (40%), followed by Ciconiformes with 3 families and 11 species (10%), Ansariformes with 1 family and 9 species (8%), Coraciiformes with 4 families and 7 species (6%), Charadriformes with 4 families and 6 species (5%), This survey study represents that species diversity is abundant in spite of many anthropogenic activities. More studies are required to make a complete list of available bird species of this area.
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Pyke, Graham H., and Judit K. Szabo. "What can we learn from untapped wildlife rescue databases? The masked lapwing as a case study." Pacific Conservation Biology 24, no. 2 (2018): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc18003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Much untapped potential exists for research based on wildlife rescues and surveys by citizen scientists. Many vertebrate animals are injured or threatened with injury through human activities and warrant ‘rescue’, generally by volunteers. Faunal surveys, involving citizen scientists, yield complementary biologically relevant information. Research using these databases can indicate spatial and temporal patterns in abundance and risk of mishap, potentially informing management and conservation for threatened species. However, little research has utilised such databases, with few implications for conservation, leaving a wealth of available information. We used the masked lapwing (Vanellus miles), an Australian shorebird, to illustrate the research potential of a rescue database combined with bird survey data. This species nests and feeds on the ground, has flightless young dependent on parents for protection, and is commonly observed in urban and agricultural areas. Consequently, it is often recorded during bird surveys and is frequently rescued. Combining rescue information with abundance estimates from bird surveys should confirm or refine knowledge about abundance and reproductive biology, and indicate spatio-temporal patterns in the risks encountered. To evaluate these expectations, we obtained date, location and age for lapwings rescued by NSW Wildlife Information Research and Education Service during 2005–2013, and monthly reporting rates from New Atlas of Australian Birds during 1999–2010. Numbers of rescued lapwing chicks, juveniles and adults per month were consistent with the life cycle of this species, and risks from vehicles, pets and other human activities. Our results illustrate how research utilising rescue and fauna survey databases could inform management and conservation of threatened species.
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Locky, David A., J. Chris Davies, and Barry G. Warner. "Effects of Wetland Creation on Breeding Season Bird Use in Boreal Eastern Ontario." Canadian Field-Naturalist 119, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v119i1.82.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Wetland construction has been an effective means of mitigating wetland habitat losses due to agricultural and other activities. However, the type, variety, and age of the habitats created are often critical components in the success of the wetland when the aim is to enhance the bird community. Hilliardton Marsh was constructed as a series of cells between 1993 and 1997 in boreal eastern Ontario to provide waterfowl habitat. We determined habitat change and monitored breeding-season bird use before construction and one year after the last cell was constructed. Wetland construction resulted in dramatic changes to the vegetation and bird communities. The area was transformed into a variety of wetland habitats, but primarily marsh, one of the rarest wetland types in boreal Ontario. Survey stations with moderate habitat change exhibited the greatest change in bird species richness. Total species richness increased 55% from 56 to 87 species, with obligate wetland birds increasing from 3 to 26 species. Rare birds increased from 11 to 27 species, with most as obligate or facultative wetland birds, but also Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus). Bird abundance, as measured by the number of stations where a species was observed, increased significantly for obligate wetland birds. There were no significant losses of species from any bird group, as adjacent upland habitat was preserved. This short-term study has shown that construction of new wetland habitat in boreal eastern Ontario, especially marsh, can significantly increase the numbers of breeding-season birds, including rare species. However, longterm monitoring is required to ensure sustained success of wetland construction projects for birds.
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Monroe, Adrian P., David R. Edmunds, Cameron L. Aldridge, Matthew J. Holloran, Timothy J. Assal, and Alison G. Holloran. "Prioritizing landscapes for grassland bird conservation with hierarchical community models." Landscape Ecology 36, no. 4 (March 6, 2021): 1023–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-021-01211-z.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Context Given widespread population declines of birds breeding in North American grasslands, management that sustains wildlife while supporting rancher livelihoods is needed. However, management effects vary across landscapes, and identifying areas with the greatest potential bird response to conservation is a pressing research need. Objectives We developed a hierarchical modeling approach to study grassland bird response to habitat factors at multiple scales and levels. We then identified areas to prioritize for implementing a bird-friendly ranching program. Methods Using bird survey data from grassland passerine species and 175 sites (2009–2018) across northeast Wyoming, USA, we fit hierarchical community distance sampling models and evaluated drivers of site-level density and regional-level distribution. We then created spatially-explicit predictions of bird density and distribution for the study area and predicted outcomes from pasture-scale management scenarios. Results Cumulative overlap of species distributions revealed areas with greater potential community response to management. Within each species’ potential regional-level distribution, the grassland bird community generally responded negatively to cropland cover and vegetation productivity at local scales (up to 10 km of survey sites). Multiple species declined with increasing bare ground and litter cover, shrub cover, and grass height measured within sites. Conclusions We demonstrated a novel approach to multi-scale and multi-level prioritization for grassland bird conservation based on hierarchical community models and extensive population monitoring. Pasture-scale management scenarios also suggested the examined community may benefit from less bare ground cover and shorter grass height. Our approach could be extended to other bird guilds in this region and beyond.
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Kasmiruddin, Kasmiruddin, Tomi Hidayat, and Sinta Yunita. "Keanekaragaman Jenis Burung Ekosistem Danau." BIOEDUSAINS:Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi dan Sains 5, no. 1 (June 22, 2022): 197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/bioedusains.v5i1.3730.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study aims to determine the diversity of bird species found in the Natural Tourism Park "Dendam Tak Sudah Lake" at Bengkulu City. The method used was direct survey in the field by exploring. The sampling was carried out by photographing and observing birds directly in the Natural Tourism Park "Dendam Tak Sudah Lake" at Bengkulu City. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively by looking at the morphology of the birds and identified based on reference books. The results showed that the birds found in the Natural Tourism Park "Dendam Tak Sudah Lake" were Collocalia esculanta, Halcyon smyrnensis, Streptopelia chinensis, Centropus bengalensis, Ardea cinerea, Ardea Purpurea, Ixobrychus cinnamomeus, Leptoptilos javanicus, Amaurphyrio procurornis, Procurornis. montanus, Pycnonotus goiavier, Lanius schach, Lonchura punculata and Lonchura maja. The index of bird species diversity at this location is H'= 2,413. In conclusion, the number of bird species found was 15 species from 11 families with a moderate diversity index.
Keywords: Birds, Species Diversity, Natural Tourism Park "Dendam Tak Sudah Lake"
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Hasan, Akib, Miguel Montoro Girona, Guillaume Grosbois, Narayan Saha, and Md Abdul Halim. "Land Sparing Can Maintain Bird Diversity in Northeastern Bangladesh." Sustainability 12, no. 16 (August 11, 2020): 6472. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166472.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
One of humanity’s most significant challenges in the process of attaining the established sustainability goals is balancing the growing human demand for food and the need to conserve biodiversity. This challenge requires appropriate land uses that are able to conserve biodiversity while ensuring ample food supply. This study compares bird species diversity and abundance in areas undergoing land sharing and land sparing in northeastern Bangladesh (West Bhanugach Reserved Forest). Birds serve as useful biologic indicators because of their presence within different trophic levels and their well-studied ecology. To survey birds, we selected a total of 66 sampling sites within land-sharing (33) and land-sparing (33) land-use areas. Between May and June 2017, we observed and recorded bird calls within a 50-m radius around each sampling site. We counted 541 individuals from 46 species of birds. The Shannon bird diversity was higher in the land-sparing sites (1.52) than in the land-sharing sites (1.23). We found approximately 30% more bird species (39 vs. 30) and 40% more individuals (318 vs. 223) in the land-sparing areas than land-sharing areas. Three bird species, Arachnothera longirostra, Micropternus brachyurus and Copsychus malabaricus, were significantly associated with the land-sparing sites. This study shows that land sharing negatively affects bird diversity, richness and abundance compared to land-sparing. The use of chemical fertilizers and the lack of food, such as insects, for birds can explain the lower diversity, richness and abundance of birds in the land-sharing areas. Although land sharing is an effective means of producing food, land sparing is the most effective land-use practice for preserving bird diversity in northeastern Bangladesh.
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Sainbileg, Namkhaidorj, Wang Tong, Yang Fan, and Yang Guisheng. "Avian species composition and ecological distribution in south lake wetland park, hohhot." Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 17, no. 1 (January 3, 2017): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v17i1.725.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Species diversity and composition of bird community at South Lake Wetland Park in Hohhot city were investigated from October 2013 to September 2014. In total，64 bird species belonging to 33 families and 14 orders were recorded. There are 36 summer migrant species, 15 resident species, 11 traveling species and 2 winter migrant species found. The habitats of birds were grouped into four types (wetland, woodland, grassland and residential area) according to topography and vegetation types in the survey area．Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index (H`) was 2.9450 in wetland area and 1.0768 in grassland area the highest and the lowest values, respectively. The evenness of bird species was 0.4058 lowest in woodland and 0.7581 highest in residential area. The dominance index of bird species was 0.0733 lowest in the wetland and 0.4319 highest in the woodland, respectively. This paper analyzed the relationship between the main dominant bird species and their habitat characteristics，explained the main reasons for the increased bird species number.
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Szabó, Matias Pablo Juan, Graziela Virginia Tolesano Pascoli, Oswaldo Marçal Júnior, Alexandre Gabriel Franchin, and Khelma Torga. "Brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus parasitizing the bird Coereba flaveola in the Brazilian cerrado." Ciência Rural 38, no. 2 (April 2008): 543–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782008000200041.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
During a survey for ectoparasites on birds in a small reserve of the Brazilian cerrado (savannah) a male adult Rhipicephalus sanguineus tick was found attached to the eyelid of the bird Coereba flaveola. Both tick and bird are presently common in Brazil, however, to best of our knowledge, the association of this tick species with this bird species has not been reported before. This observation may be an accidental finding but might also be an unknown route for the dissemination of the tick. The species R. sanguineus was introduced in the country with the colonization and should be considered a research target for the surveillance of tick-borne diseases.
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Bhagat, Vijay Kumar, Manas Manohar Ujjaini, and Mudit Kumar Singh. "Avifauna richness and abundance of Chhal Coal mining area under Dharamjaigarh Forest Division." NewBioWorld 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.52228/nbw-jaab.2019-1-2-4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Opencast mining is one of the significant factors responsible for the destruction of natural habitats for many wildlife including birds. In the present time as the mining activities are increasing, the ecological niche of birds is being disrupted. So, this analysis was done to assess the effect of mining and associated activities on the diversity and distribution of birds. The study site disturbed by the coal mining activity and was very less suitable for avifauna. A total of 1653 individual of 106 bird species belonging to 49 families were recorded in study area. Seasonal surveys, the avifauna populations have been recorded which are as; Summer season survey, total 405 individuals of 61avifauna species; Winter season survey, total 776 individuals of 89 avifauna species; and in Autumn season survey, 472 individuals of 50 avifauna species were recorded. The result indicates the rich diversity and abundance of birds from observed seasonal variation of the study area. In conclusion, mining and its associated activities do affect the diversity and distribution of birds in OCP Chhal Dharamjaigarh Forest Division.
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Spennemann, Dirk H. R., Melissa Pike, and Maggie J. Watson. "Bird impacts on heritage buildings." Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development 8, no. 1 (February 6, 2018): 62–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jchmsd-07-2016-0042.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose There is much anecdotal evidence that birds and their droppings are a major problem for the heritage profession. The purpose of this paper is to examine how serious heritage practitioners consider the bird impact to be. Design/methodology/approach An online survey was conducted of 59 Australian heritage professionals of between one and >20 year’s experience in the field. Findings Bird impacts were not considered of major concern to buildings. The longer experience a practitioner had, the less likely the impacts were considered an issue. Feral pigeons were deemed the most problematic, followed by cockatoos, starlings, swallows, seagulls, mynas, sparrows, cormorants, ibis, ducks and birds of prey. The professionals ranked common deterrent methods. The highest-ranking deterrents were bird netting and bird spikes, but they were only considered moderately effective. The costs of installation and maintenance, as well the ease of installation, were all deemed significantly less important than the physical impact, the aesthetic sympathy and the effectiveness of a deterrent method. Practical implications This study indicates that the impact of birds on buildings in Australia may be of less concern than previously thought, and may be driven by other factors (i.e. aesthetics, commercial companies) rather than actual effects. Originality/value This is first study of its kind that surveyed the experiences of a wide range of heritage practitioners.
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Camp, Richard J., Kevin W. Brinck, P. Marcos Gorresen, Fred A. Amidon, Paul M. Radley, S. Paul Berkowitz, and Paul C. Banko. "Current Land Bird Distribution and Trends in Population Abundance Between 1982 and 2012 on Rota, Mariana Islands." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 6, no. 2 (September 1, 2015): 511–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/112014-jfwm-085.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The western Pacific island of Rota is the fourth largest human-inhabited island in the Mariana archipelago and designated an Endemic Bird Area. Between 1982 and 2012, 12 point-transect distance-sampling surveys were conducted to assess bird population status. Surveys did not consistently sample the entire island; thus, we used a ratio estimator to estimate bird abundances in strata not sampled during every survey. Trends in population size were reliably estimated for 11 of 13 bird species, and 7 species declined over the 30-y time series, including the island collared-dove Streptopelia bitorquata, white-throated ground-dove Gallicolumba xanthonura, Mariana fruit-dove Ptilinopus roseicapilla, collared kingfisher Todiramphus chloris orii, Micronesian myzomela Myzomela rubratra, black drongo Dicrurus macrocercus, and Mariana crow Corvus kubaryi. The endangered Mariana crow (x̄ = 81 birds, 95% CI 30–202) declined sharply to fewer than 200 individuals in 2012, down from 1,491 birds in 1982 (95% CI = 815–3,115). Trends increased for white tern Gygis alba, rufous fantail Rhipidura rufifrons mariae, and Micronesian starling Aplonis opaca. Numbers of the endangered Rota white-eye Zosterops rotensis declined from 1982 to the late 1990s but returned to 1980s levels by 2012, resulting in an overall stable trend. Trends for the yellow bittern Ixobrychus sinensis were inconclusive. Eurasian tree sparrow Passer montanus trends were not assessed; however, their numbers in 1982 and 2012 were similar. Occupancy models of the 2012 survey data revealed general patterns of land cover use and detectability among 12 species that could be reliably modeled. Occupancy was not assessed for the Eurasian tree sparrow because of insufficient detections. Based on the 2012 survey, bird distribution and abundance across Rota revealed three general patterns: 1) range restriction, including Mariana crow, Rota white-eye, and Eurasian tree sparrow; 2) widespread distribution, low abundance, including collared kingfisher, island collared-dove, white-throated ground-dove, Mariana fruit-dove, white tern, yellow bittern, black drongo, and Micronesian myzomela; and 3) widespread distribution, high abundance, including rufous fantail and Micronesian starling. The Mariana crow was dispersed around the periphery of the island in steep forested land-cover types. In contrast, the Rota white-eye was restricted to the high-elevation mesa. Only for the white-throated ground-dove was there a significant difference among cover types, with lower occupancy in open field than in forested areas. Vegetation was included in the best-fit occupancy models for yellow bittern, black drongo, Micronesian myzomela, and Micronesian starling, but vegetation type was not a significant variable nor included in the top models for the remaining five species: white tern, island collared-dove, Mariana fruit-dove, collared kingfisher, and rufous fantail. Given declining population trends, the Rota bird-monitoring program could benefit from establishing threshold and alert limits and identifying alternative research and management actions. Continued monitoring and demographic sampling, in conjunction with ecological studies, are needed to understand why most bird species on Rota are declining, identify the causative agents, and assess effectiveness of conservation actions, especially for the Mariana crow.