Дисертації з теми "Biosensiing"
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Mickan, Samuel Peter. "T-ray biosensing /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm6253.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаD'Imperio, Luke A. "Biosensing-inspired Nanostructures:." Thesis, Boston College, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:108627.
Повний текст джерелаNanoscale biosensing devices improve and enable detection mechanisms by taking advantage of properties inherent to nanoscale structures. This thesis primarily describes the development, characterization and application of two such nanoscale structures. Namely, these two biosensing devices discussed herein are (1) an extended-core coaxial nanogap electrode array, the ‘ECC’ and (2) a plasmonic resonance optical filter array, the ‘plasmonic halo’. For the former project, I discuss the materials and processing considerations that were involved in the making of the ECC device, including the nanoscale fabrication, experimental apparatuses, and the chemical and biological materials involved. I summarize the ECC sensitivity that was superior to those of conventional detection methods and proof-of-concept bio-functionalization of the sensing device. For the latter project, I discuss the path of designing a biosensing device based on the plasmonic properties observed in the plasmonic halo, including the plasmonic structures, materials, fabrication, experimental equipment, and the biological materials and protocols
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2019
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Physics
Ravindran, Ramasamy. "An electronic biosensing platform." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/44774.
Повний текст джерелаLai, Ming-Liang. "Developing piezoelectric biosensing methods." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6109/.
Повний текст джерелаMuñoz, Berbel Xavier. "Microsystems based on microbial biosensing." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/3587.
Повний текст джерелаSekretaryova, Alina. "Novel reagentless electrodes for biosensing." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kemiska och optiska sensorsystem, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-112345.
Повний текст джерелаArchibald, Michelle M. "Novel nanoarchitectures for electrochemical biosensing." Thesis, Boston College, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:106807.
Повний текст джерелаSensitive, real-time detection of biomarkers is of critical importance for rapid and accurate diagnosis of disease for point-of-care (POC) technologies. Current methods, while sensitive, do not adequately allow for POC applications due to several limitations, including complex instrumentation, high reagent consumption, and cost. We have investigated two novel nanoarchitectures, the nanocoax and the nanodendrite, as electrochemical biosensors towards the POC detection of infectious disease biomarkers to overcome these limitations. The nanocoax architecture is composed of vertically-oriented, nanoscale coaxial electrodes, with coax cores and shields serving as integrated working and counter electrodes, respectively. The dendritic structure consists of metallic nanocrystals extending from the working electrode, increasing sensor surface area. Nanocoaxial- and nanodendritic-based electrochemical sensors were fabricated and developed for the detection of bacterial toxins using an electrochemical enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Proof-of-concept was demonstrated for the detection of cholera toxin (CT). Both nanoarchitectures exhibited levels of sensitivity that are comparable to the standard optical ELISA used widely in clinical applications. In addition to matching the detection profile of the standard ELISA, these electrochemical nanosensors provide a simple electrochemical readout and a miniaturized platform with multiplexing capabilities toward POC implementation. Further development as suggested in this thesis may lead to increases in sensitivity, enhancing the attractiveness of the architectures for future POC devices
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2016
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Biology
Llandro, Justin. "Magnetic rings for digital biosensing." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611941.
Повний текст джерелаWang, Wenxing. "Development of microcantilever biosensing platforms." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2722.
Повний текст джерелаTriggs, Graham J. "Resonant grating surfaces for biosensing." Thesis, University of York, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/13210/.
Повний текст джерелаOxborrow, Joseph B. "Dynamic Nanochannels for Biosensing Applications." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4261.
Повний текст джерелаSONEDDA, STEFANO. "Integrated Electronics for Molecular Biosensing." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/310631.
Повний текст джерелаBalasa, Ionut Gabriel. "Plasmonic Nanostructures for Biosensing Applications." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3426821.
Повний текст джерелаYee, Yao-Chung. "Novel design of a passive microfluidic mixer for biochemical reactions and biosensing." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1500.
Повний текст джерелаChou, I.-Hsien. "Nanofluidic biosensing for beta-amyloid detection." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2439.
Повний текст джерелаNiederberger, Dorothea. "Enzymatic amplification schemes towards electronic biosensing /." Zürich : ETH, 2009. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=18276.
Повний текст джерелаRicci, Simona. "Liquid-gated transistors for biosensing applications." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670786.
Повний текст джерелаEn esta tesis, hemos estudiado diferentes aspectos relacionados con los transistores orgánicos activados por líquido, en particular los transistores de efecto de campo orgánicos activados por electrolitos (EGOFET) y los transistores electroquímicos orgánicos (OECT). Los dispositivos EGOFET se fabricaron depositando a partir de soluciones pequeñas moléculas de semiconductores orgánicos (OSC) mezclados con polímeros aislantes, a través de la técnica de Bar-assisted meniscus shearing (BAMS). BAMS es una técnica rápida, de bajo costo y escalable que permite la formación de películas finas cristalinas y uniformes. Los EGOFET se estudiaron para el desarrollo de un biosensor para la detección de un biomarcador de enfermedades neurodegenerativas, incluidas las enfermedades de Parkinson, es decir, la alpha-sinucleína. Además, se emplearon dispositivos OECT para la biodetección de α-sinucleína, para estudiar el posible uso de estos dispositivos como inmunosensores, campo que aún está menos explorado en la literatura. Finalmente, se fabricó un EGOFET totalmente flexible basado en una pequeña molécula semiconductora mezclada con un polímero aislante y se evaluó su respuesta eléctrica bajo tensión mecánica, por primera vez, hasta donde sabemos, para dispositivos EGOFET.
In this thesis, we have studied different aspects related to liquid-gated organic transistors, in particular electrolyte-gated organic field-effect transistors (EGOFETs) and organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs). EGOFET devices were fabricated by depositing from solution small molecules organic semiconductors (OSC) blended with insulating polymers, through the bar-assisted meniscus-shearing technique (BAMS). BAMS is a rapid, low-cost and scalable technique that allows the formation of crystalline and uniform thin films. The EGOFETs were studied for the development of a biosensor for the detection of a biomarker for neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s diseases, namely α-synuclein. Further, OECT devices were employed for the biosensing of α-synuclein, to give an insight into the possible use of these devices as immunosensors, field which is still less explored in literature. Finally, an all-flexible EGOFET based on a small molecule OSC blended with an insulating polymer thin film, was fabricated and its electrical response under bending strain was evaluated, for the first time, as far as we know, for liquid-gated OFETs.
Barreau, Stephanie. "Biosensing with sol-gel-immobilised proteins." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1999. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27275.
Повний текст джерелаLi, Bing. "Graphene transistors for label-free biosensing." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/5291.
Повний текст джерелаMurali, Vinodh. "Processing of photosensitive PDMS for biosensing." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5990.
Повний текст джерелаThe entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on April 14, 2008) Includes bibliographical references.
Blyth, David John. "Optical biosensing using sol-gel technology." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338063.
Повний текст джерелаGreenhalgh, Andrew Bryce. "Tapered polymer optical fibres for biosensing." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423074.
Повний текст джерелаZajdel, Thomas J. "Electronic Interfaces for Bacteria-based Biosensing." Thesis, University of California, Berkeley, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10934575.
Повний текст джерелаBacterial sensing systems have evolved to detect complex biomolecules, operating near fundamental physical limits for biosensing. No modern engineered biosensor has managed to match the efficiency of bacterial systems, which optimize for each sensing application under constraints on response time and sensitivity. An emerging approach to address this shortfall is to build biosensors that electronically couple microbes and devices to combine the sensing capabilities of bacteria with the communication and data processing capabilities of electronics. This dissertation presents three techniques that advance engineering at the interface between bacteria and electronics, all working towards the integration of living material into hybrid biosensing platforms. In the first technique, we embed current-producing Shewanella oneidensis inside a conductive PEDOT:PSS matrix to electronically interface and structure the bacteria into 3D conductive biocomposite films to our specifications. In the second technique, we observe large numbers of chemotactic bacterial flagellar motor (BFM) behavior to infer environmental conditions, using machine learning to co-opt Escherichia coli's motor response for the front end of a biosensor. In the final technique, we demonstrate progress towards a method to electronically monitor BFM rotation over time for electrochemical biosensing. Together, this body of work contributes to more functional interfaces between silicon- and carbon-based materials for advanced biosensing applications including persistent in situ environmental sensing and microbiorobotics.
Basey-Fisher, Toby H. "Biosensing with microwave debye relaxation analysis." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/17999.
Повний текст джерелаShi, Jingxing. "Integrated photonic crystals platform for biosensing." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2018. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/423474/.
Повний текст джерелаGraniel, tamayo Octavio. "Atomic layer deposition for biosensing applications." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTS071.
Повний текст джерелаAtomic layer deposition (gls{ald}) has emerged as an essential vapor deposition technique of thin films for countless applications. The rising demand for electronic components and nanostructured materials has established gls{ald} as one of the key fabrication processes in the nanotechnology market.In this work, novel nanostructured materials that can be used as transducers in biosensor devices are presented. These materials have been prepared by a combination of gls{ald} with top-down and bottom-up techniques such as nanosphere lithography (gls{nsl}), physical vapor deposition (gls{pvd}), metal-assisted chemical etching (gls{mace}), and electrodeposition.As a first promising candidate, silicon nanowires (gls{sinws}) covered with ZnO by gls{ald} were fabricated. These 3D structures are quite attractive for optical biosensing applications thanks to their intense photoluminescence (gls{pl}) activity at room temperature. As a first approach, these core/shell nanostructures were fully characterized and tested as possible sensors for the detection of hydrogen peroxide, which is a common reaction product of several oxidoreductases.In addition, Au-covered hollow urchin-like ZnO nanostructures were prepared with controlled size by combining NSL, gls{ald}, electrodeposition, and electron beam (gls{ebeam}) evaporation. The influence of the Au film thickness on the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (gls{sers}) capabilities of the substrates was investigated. The optimized structures were used to detect thiophenol molecules with a limit of detection (gls{lod}) of SI{e-8}{Molar}. Additionally, adenine can be detected with a concentration as low as SI{e-6}{Molar}. The excellent uniformity and batch-to-batch repeatability of the substrates makes them excellent candidates for reliable SERS sensing and biosensing.Moreover, a miscellaneous group of novel materials with enticing features that can be readily applied in sensing, catalysis, and plasmonics is presented. Bimetallic Pd/Au nanoparticles supported on gls{sinws} with gls{ald} and galvanic replacement were fabricated. Furthermore, hollow urchin-like ZnO structures with ZIF-8 via electrodeposition were fabricated for possible SERS applications
Çifliku, Vjona. "Terbium nanoparticle biofunctionalization for extracellular biosensing." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASS075.
Повний текст джерелаLanthanide-doped nanoparticles (LnNPs) have become an important class of fluorophores for advanced biosensing and bioimaging. However, developing bright, stable, and bioconjugated LnNPs remains an important challenge for their translation into functional bioanalytical applications. Here, we present in-situ detection of ligand-receptor binding on cells, which was accomplished with TbNP-antibody (Matuzumab) conjugates that could specifically bind to transmembrane epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR). High specificity and sensitivity were shown by time-gated imaging of EGFR on both strongly (A431) and weakly (HeLa and Cos7) EGFR-expressing cell lines, whereas non-expressing cells did not show any signals. Despite the relatively large size of TbNP-antibody conjugates, they could be internalized by A431 cells upon binding to extracellular EGFR, which showed their potential as bright and stable luminescence markers for intracellular signaling. Stability tests of TbNPs over a range of pH values, different buffers, over time, and sonication effect on these NPs were performed by using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential (ZP) measurements
Lei, Dang-Yuan. "Superfocusing, biosensing and modulation in plasmonics." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/9046.
Повний текст джерелаGeorge, Wayne Nicholson. "Luminescent conjugated polyelectrolytes for DNA biosensing." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/12028.
Повний текст джерелаAyub, Mariam. "Metallic nanopores for single molecule biosensing." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/9124.
Повний текст джерелаNenninger, Garet Glenn. "High-resolution surface plasmon resonance biosensing /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5840.
Повний текст джерелаYan, Bo. "Rationally designed substrates for SERS biosensing." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12894.
Повний текст джерелаThe large electromagnetic field enhancement provided by nanostructured noble metal surfaces forms the foundation for a series of enabling optical analytical techniques, such as surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), surface enhanced IR absorption spectroscopy (SEIRA), surface enhanced fluorescent microscopy (SEF), to name only a few. Critical sensing applications have, however, other substrate requirements than mere peak signal enhancement. The substrate needs to be reliable, provide reproducible signal enhancements, and be amenable to a combination with microfluidic chips or other integrated sensor platforms. These needs motivate the development of engineerable SERS substrate "chips" with defined near- and far-field responses. In this dissertation, two types of rationally designed SERS substrates - nanoparticle cluster arrays (NCAs) and SERS stamp - will be introduced and characterized. NCAs were fabricated through a newly developed template guided self-assembly fabrication approach, in which chemically synthesized nanoparticles are integrated into predefined patterns using a hybrid top-down/bottom-up approach. Since this method relies on chemically defined building blocks, it can overcome the resolution limit of conventional lithographical methods and facilitates higher structural complexity. NCAs sustain near-field interactions within individual clusters as well as between entire neighboring clusters and create a multi-scale cascaded E-field enhancement throughout the entire array. SERS stamps were generated using an oblique angle metal deposition on a lithographically defined piston. When mounted on a nanopositioning stage, the SERS stamps were enabled to contact biological surfaces with pristine nanostructured metal surfaces for a label-free spectroscopic characterization. The developed engineered substrates were applied and tested in critical sensing applications, including the ultratrace detection of explosive vapors, the rapid discrimination of bacterial pathogens, and the label-free monitoring of the enzymatic degradation of pericellular matrices of cancer cells.
Sun, Wei. "Biosensing at an individually addressable electrochemical array." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2984.
Повний текст джерелаImmobilization strategies for biomolecules are of paramount importance for successful fabrication of biosensors. This thesis reports a new immobilization method that is based on patterned deposition of alkyl thiosulfates (Bunte salts). Monolayers were formed through electrochemical oxidation of Bunte salts at Au-modified electrodes. Single-component and mixed monolayers were investigated, where the mixed monolayers involved one component with a terminal carboxylic acid functional group to allow immobilization of biomolecules.
Applications of the newly developed immobilization method to an enzyme-based biosensor and an immunosensor were investigated. Glucose and biotin were chosen as model analytes, respectively. Glucose oxidase (GOx) and avidin were covalently immobilized onto the mixed-monolayer-modified electrodes through the carboxylic acid groups. Under the optimized conditions for the fabrication and operation of the biosensors, the new electrochemical array showed linearity up to 10 mM glucose with a sensitivity of 4. 7 nA mM-1 and a detection limit of 0. 8 mM (S/N=3), and linearity up to 12. 8 µM biotin with a detection limit of 0. 08 µM (S/N=3).
Hedges, Duncan Howard Peter. "Nitric oxide biosensing using c-type cytochromes." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273572.
Повний текст джерелаShaw, Tiana C. "Preparation of Derivatized Polyaniline for Biosensing Applications." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2016. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/cauetds/54.
Повний текст джерелаGang, Andreas. "Towards bottom-up silicon nanowire-based biosensing:." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-235724.
Повний текст джерелаUnter dem Begriff „Lab-on-a-Chip“ (LoC) fasst man stark miniaturisierte Systeme zusammen, die die Fähigkeiten eines ganzen Labors auf einen transportablem Mikrochip übertragen. Insbesondere im Bereich der Analyse chemischer und biologischer Proben werden solche Plattformen bevorzugt eingesetzt, da sie direkt am Ort der Probenentnahme schnelle, hoch sensible Messungen ermöglichen. Im Mittelpunkt dieser Doktorarbeit stehen Sensoren auf Basis von Siliziumnanodrähten (SiNWs). Auf verschiedenen Gebieten werden innovative Konzepte zur einfachen und zuverlässigen Herstellung von LoC Systemen entwickelt. Zu Beginn wird ein multifunktionaler Mikrofluidik-Aufbau vorgestellt, der ein einfaches reversibles Verschließen von Mikrofluidik-Kanälen auf nahezu allen möglichen Substraten erlaubt. Der Aufbau ermöglicht das schnelle Anfertigen und Testen verschiedener Kanalstrukturen sowie das Betreiben von Fluidik-Experimenten mit hohen Arbeitsdrücken von bis zu 600 kPa. Der zweite Schwerpunkt der Arbeit ist die Entwicklung einer Methode zur Funktionalisierung von Sensor-Oberflächen mittels 3-(Triethoxysilyl) Propyl Bernsteinsäure Anhydrid (TESPSA) für die Immobilisierung spezifischer Rezeptormoleküle. Bei dieser Methode entfällt die Notwendigkeit einer zusätzlichen Passivierung ungenutzter Anbindungsstellen. Des Weiteren erfolgt die Herstellung von Parallelschaltungen von Schottky-Barrieren-Feld-Effekt-Transistoren (SB-FETs) aus „bottom-up“ gewachsenen SiNWs durch mechanisches Abreiben der SiNWs vom Wachstumssubstrat auf ein Empfängersubstrat. Unter Verwendung des eingangs entwickelten Mikrofluidik-Aufbaus wird die prinzipielle Anwendbarkeit der TESPSA-basierten Rezeptor-Immobilisierung nachgewiesen, sowohl anhand von Fluoreszenzmikroskopie-Untersuchungen als auch mit Hilfe der SiNW FETs als Biosensoren. Mittels eines Rezeptor-Analyt-Systems, bestehend aus verschiedenen Antikörpern und einem Peptid des Influenzavirus A, wird gezeigt, dass Antikörper, die über TESPSA an Oberflächen gebunden werden, ihre Spezifizität für ihre Antigene beibehalten. Der vierte große Forschungsabschnitt dieser Arbeit widmet sich der mikrofluidischen Ausrichtung eindimensionaler Nanomaterialien und deren Ablage an vorgegebenen Fangstellen, wodurch eine zuverlässige Herstellung von FETs aus Einzelnanodrähten erreicht wird. Es wird davon ausgegangen, dass Einzelnanodraht-FETs gegenüber Parallelschaltungen von Nanodraht-FETs verbesserte Sensoreigenschaften aufweisen. Folglich beinhaltet diese Arbeit viele zukunftsweisende Ansätze für die Herstellung von LoC Systemen. Untersuchungen über eine Bandbreite von Längenskalen, von Mikrometer großen Strukturen bis hinab zur molekularen Ebene, werden präsentiert. Es wird davon ausgegangen, dass die vorgestellten Methoden als eine vielfältige Sammlung von Werkzeugen nicht nur bei der Herstellung von Biosensoren auf SiNW-Basis Einsatz finden, sondern ganz allgemein den Aufbau verschiedenster LoC Systeme vorantreiben
Tullius, Ryan Michael. "High-throughput biosensing using chiral plasmonic nanostructures." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2017. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8657/.
Повний текст джерелаMittal, Vinita. "Mid-infrared integrated photonic devices for biosensing." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2017. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/416430/.
Повний текст джерелаKing, Branden Joel. "Tapered Optical Fiber Platform for Biosensing Applications." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1398708775.
Повний текст джерелаHe, Jie. "Plasmonic Nanomaterials for Biosensing, Optimizations and Applications." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1522336210516443.
Повний текст джерелаHao, Danni. "Hybridisation of plasmonic and acoustic biosensing devices." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8992/.
Повний текст джерелаVillalba, Pedro Javier. "Nanodiamond Based Composite Structures for Biosensing Applications." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5144.
Повний текст джерелаDIMONTE, ALICE. "Nanogap structures for molecular electronics and biosensing." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2506146.
Повний текст джерелаRATTALINO, ISMAEL. "Nanogap electrodes for molecular electronics and biosensing." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2574160.
Повний текст джерелаZamolo, Valeria Anna. "Novel nanostructures for biosensing and drug delivery." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/4575.
Повний текст джерелаLe nanotecnologie sono descrivibili come lo studio della manipolazione della materia con precisione atomica e molecolare, generalmente circoscrivibile a strutture di dimensione compresa tra 1 e 100 nanometri. Questo settore è molto vario e spazia dall’estensione della fisica convenzionale applicata all’ideazione di nuovi approcci basati sull’auto-assemblamento di molecole. Per questo motivo le nanotecnologie sono in continuo ampliamento e possono vantare applicazioni nei più svariati settori, come la medicina, lo sviluppo di nuovi biomateriali e l’elettronica. In questo lavoro di tesi riporterò degli esempi di come le nanotecnologie siano state impiegate nella progettazione di sistemi innovativi per la rilevazione di biomolecole o per il rilascio controllato di farmaci. La principale parte del lavoro svolto concerne la realizzazione di un biosensore basato sull’impiego di nanotubi di carbonio, per il rilevamento della palitossina. La nascita del progetto deriva dalla diffusione di un particolare tipo di microalga nel Mediterraneo e nelle coste italiane, comprese quelle del Friuli-Venezia-Giulia, produttrice di palitossina duranti i periodi di fioritura. Questa tossina marina è caratterizzata da una forte tossicità e ha infatti registrato numerosi casi di ricovero ospedaliero in bagnanti esposti all’aerosol contaminato durante attività ricreative balneari. Dal momento che il biosensore è concepito per raggiungere la massima sensibilità possibile, immunochimica ed elettrochemiluminescenza sono state combinate in un sistema ibrido che soddisfacesse questo requisito: la capacità unica degli anticorpi di legare specificamente il loro antigene, insieme all’eccellente sensibilità ottenibile dai trasduttori basati sul rilevamento della luminescenza, rappresenta il punto chiave per poter rilevare quantità di analita nel range del picogrammo. Al fine di ottimizzare riconoscimento tra anticorpo e antigene e segnale di risposta del biosensore, occorre avere a disposizione un elemento che predisponga al meglio la comunicazione tra elementi biologici e componenti elettrochimiche del sistema. I nanotubi di carbonio sono ottimi candidati per questo scopo, in virtù delle loro peculiari caratteristiche, come l’alto rapporto area superficiale-peso e la versatilità nella funzionalizzazione, che li rendono particolarmente adatti per il legame con bio-macromolecole, come gli anticorpi. I nanotubi di carbonio sono stati funzionalizzati per predisporre al meglio il legame con l’anticorpo anti-palitossina e successivamente sono stati legati covalentemente a un elettrodo di ITO. Un immuno-sandwich è stato costruito sull’elettrodo aggiungendo la tossina, seguita da un anticorpo secondario legato a un’etichetta fosforescente. Il fluoroforo è stato eccitato indirettamente tramite l’applicazione di uno specifico potenziale all’elettrodo al fine di ottenere l’emissione di luce. Dal momento che la luminescenza ottenuta è proporzionale alla quantità di tossina riconosciuta dall’anticorpo, la rilevazione quantitativa della palitossina è possibile tramite la costruzione di una retta di calibrazione. La seconda parte del lavoro è riportata nell’ultima sezione della tesi e riguarda la realizzazione di matrici di silicio poroso (PSi) per il rilascio controllato di farmaci. L’idea è quella si sfruttare le proprietà peculiari di questo materiale, come la vasta area superficiale, la biocompatibilità e la possibilità di essere monitorato in-vivo, per il trasporto di farmaci all’interno del corpo umano. Inoltre, il PSi presenta una particolare cinetica dissolutiva in condizioni fisiologiche simulate, proporzionale alla basicità della soluzione tampone. Questa caratteristica aggiuntiva è di grande interesse per il trasporto di quei farmaci che, facilmente solubili a pH gastrico, risultano poco assorbiti a livello intestinale. Campioni di silicio poroso con diverse porosità sono stati fabbricati attraverso un processo elettrochimico, funzionalizzati e dissolti in diversi tamponi fisiologici, al fine di identificare il candidato migliore per le prove di caricamento del farmaco. Il caricamento del principio attivo è avvenuto attraverso l’impiego della CO2 supercritica e le matrici sono state infine caratterizzate tramite calorimetria differenziale a scansione. Entrambi i nano-sistemi investigati hanno prodotto risultati interessanti, specialmente dal punto di vista della riproducibilità e dell’attendibilità dei dati.
Nanotechnology is the study of manipulating matter on an atomic and molecular scale, generally dealing with structures sized between 1 to 100 nanometre. Nanotechnology is very diverse, ranging from extensions of conventional device physics to completely new approaches based upon molecular self-assembly. It represent a fast-growing research field, due to the potential applications in a wide range of domains, such as in medicine, biomaterials and electronics. In this thesis I will give you some examples of how nanotechnologies have been exploited to the development of novel systems for biosensing and drug delivery. The main part of the thesis work is focused on the realization of a carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-based biosensor for palytoxin detection. The necessity to develop the sensing device arises from the diffusion of particular microseaweeds in the Italian coasts, Friuli-Venezia-Giulia included, producing palytoxins during bloom events. This marine toxin present remarkable toxicity and has already recorded several cases of hospitalization cases from patients exposed to the marine aerosol. Since the biosensor is conceived in order to be as sensitive as possible, we have combined immunochemistry and electrochemiluminescence in a hybrid system. The unique capacity of antibodies to bind specifically the analyte of interest, and the excellent sensitivity afforded by luminescence-based transducers, were coupled together in order to detect analyte quantities in the range of the picogram. The crucial point in reaching this aim is arranging biological elements with an electrochemical component, in order to optimize the immuno recognition between antibody and antigene and at the same time the response signal from the biosensor. To this aim, carbon nanotubes are excellent candidates due to the high surface area-to-weight-ratio and to the versatility in functionalization, making them suitable for attachment of biomolecules such as antibodies. Carbon nanotubes functionalized with specific antibodies anti-palytoxin are covalently attached to the electrode. An immuno sandwich is build on the electrode by adding the toxin, followed by a secondary antibody labeled with a fluorophore. The fluorophore is excited at certain voltages, in order to produce an emission of light. Since luminescence produced by the label is proportional to the amount of toxin recognized by the antibody, quantitative detection of palytoxin is achievable by constructing a calibration line. The second part of the work presented in the last section of the thesis concerns the realization of porous silicon (PSi) matrix for drug delivery. The idea was to exploit the very peculiar properties exhibited by this material, such as wide superficial area, biocompatibility and in-vivo monitoring, to carry drugs inside the human body. Furthermore, PSi showed a particular dissolution behaviour in simulated physiological conditions, proportional to the basicity of the buffer solution. This additional peculiarity is of great interest for the delivery of those drugs that cannot be absorbed through the intestine since they dissolve at the acid pH of the stomach. PSi samples with different grade of porosity were fabricated through an electrochemical procedure, functionalized and dissolved in different physiological buffers, in order to identify the most suitable one for drug loading experiments. Loading with the drug was performed through supercritical CO2 and the silicon carriers characterized by differential scanning calorimetry. Both of the nano systems investigated produced very interesting results, especially concerning the reproducibility of the devices and the reliability of the results obtained.
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Kapita, Patrick Mvemba. "Development of Measurement Systems for Biosensing Applications." Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1111250.
Повний текст джерелаXie, Bin. "Calorimetric and hybrid microbiosensors towards the development of a personal-doctor system /." Lund : Dept. of Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Chemical Center, Lund University, 1994. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/39111619.html.
Повний текст джерелаHowbrook, David. "Development of an oxidative stress-responsive biosensor." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2000. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/844280/.
Повний текст джерелаBerggren, Christine. "Affinity biosensors based on a capacitive transducer." Lund : Lund University, 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/68945028.html.
Повний текст джерелаReyes-Cuellar, Julia Constanza. "REACTIONS AND PROCESSES AT CELL-MIMICKING MEMBRANE SURFACES." OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1402.
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