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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Biomolécules actives – Emploi en cosmétologie"
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Дисертації з теми "Biomolécules actives – Emploi en cosmétologie"
Le, Thao Nhi. "Le frelon asiatique (Vespa velutina nigrithorax) : Stratégies d’études sur l’identification de nouvelles molécules actives pour la dermacosmétique." Thesis, Orléans, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ORLE3143.
Повний текст джерелаThe search for new compounds to prevent or attenuate skin aging is a priority in current research in cosmetics. In this context, Asian Hornet venom (Vespa velutina nigrithorax) has been studied as a particular source of potentially bioactive molecules for dermacosmetic interest.The first study focused on the implementation of a reliable venom extraction and sampling protocol. Then, the peptide - small molecules fraction was selected to evaluate, in comparison with crude venom, the presence of active molecules with respect to antioxidant, anti-microbial (C. acnes) and enzyme inhibition (tyrosinase, elastase, collagenase) activity in-tubo and in-cellulo. These studies led to the identification in crude venom, by UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-HRMS/MS, of one molecule responsible for antioxidant activity on HaCaT keratinocytes.In a second study, a peptidomic approach based on UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-HRMS/MS followed by statistical processing (PCA, PLS-DA) was applied to the differential study of venom, according to the collection period, castes and behavior. The latter aims at evaluating the influence of these different factors on the venom molecular heritage. At the same time, in a third study, a ligand/enzyme interaction screening approach by mass spectrometry on solid-supported elastase enzymes was developed. The aim of this method is to detect the presence of inhibitors or substrates in more or less complex fractions. Two hornet venom peptides presenting in the hornet venom were identified to be capable of interacting with the enzyme elastase. Their peptide sequences were then partially obtained by de novo sequencing
Boulho, Romain. "Application de procédés éco-responsables pour l’extraction de molécules de la macroalgue Solieria chordalis, caractérisations chimiques et étude d'activités biologiques." Thesis, Lorient, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORIS465/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis has been carried out within the Laboratoire de biotechnologie et Chimie Marines. Theproject is an outcome of the collaboration of two regional companies, Armen Instruments and Newonat with an international research institute, CINVESTAV, Mexico. The red algae, Solieria chordalis (Rhodophyta, Gigartinales) is a proliferative seaweed native in the southern coast of Brittany. Every year, on the Rhuys peninsula in Morbihan, S. chordalis grows abundantly which represents a large amount of biomass, being still unused. The aim of this project, focused on the application of different ecofriendly processes (Supercritical carbon dioxide, Enzymatic Assisted Extraction and Microwave Assisted Extraction) used for the extraction of biocompounds from S. chordalis. Under the first part, the Microwave Assisted Extraction allowed to produce low molecular weight polysaccharide extracts with no cytotoxicity. These extracts showed an improved antiviral efficiency compared to those obtained by the conventional method. The second part focused on the interaction between different processes: Supercritical CO2, Enzymatic Assisted Extraction (EAE) and Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE). The sequences of the processes allowed to propose a biorefinery perspective. The last part dealt with the optimization of fractionating method by Centrifugal Partition Chromatography (CPC). This innovative purification system led to isolate natural compounds such as Mycosporine-like Amino Acids with different properties, which can be valorized in the cosmetic field. This work enriches the knowledge of the seaweed S. chordalis and open a way of upgrading the proliferative biomass on the Brittany coasts
Chao, Christina. "Étude des propriétés émollientes de biomolécules commerciales et synthétisées en vue de la substitution du décaméthylcyclopentasiloxane (D5)." Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2379/document.
Повний текст джерелаEmolliency is a word used to define the ability of a compound to soften or lubricate the skin. ln the cosmetic field, emollients are used to modify the consistency, the viscosity or the polarity of a formulation. Many emollients can be used in cosmetic products. However, in the literature both physicochemical and sensory data ar still lacking, making it difficult to choose an emollient. Furthermore, the sensory analysis usually performed to characterize emollients are particularly time-consuming and thus, expensive. Among the different chemical families of emollients, silicone derivatives stand out thanks to their specific properties. Indeed, they are characterized by an excellent spreading on skin and hair, a smooth skin feel, non-greasy and non-sticky, or by a dry skin feel without a fresh effect. However, even though these sensory properties are exceptional, recent studies wonder about the toxicity of a cyclic silicone particularly used in cosmetic products: the decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5). Thus, this work deals With two main objectives. The first one consists in the research of a bio-based alternative to the D5 For this purpose, a number of commercial and synthesized molecules were characterized and compared With physicochemical measurements and sensory analysis, allowing the observations of trends between structures and properties. The second objective relies on the study of correlations between physico-chemical and sensory data in order to predict the emollient properties of cosmetic ingredients. This would ease the work of formulators during the screening of ingredients
Puspita, Maya. "Extraction assistée par enzyme de phlorotannins provenant d’algues brunes du genre Sargassum et les activités biologiques." Thesis, Lorient, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORIS440/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn France and Indonesia, Sargassum is quite abundant yet this alga has not been optimally exploited. Sargassum contains macro and micro molecules and also bioactive compounds, the most known is phlorotannins, showing a wide range of pharmacological properties. Therefore, it is interesting to further valorize this alga. The heterogeneity and complexity of algal cell wall strongly reduces the extraction efficiency application of conventional extraction. Subjects of interest in this study were to characterize the seasonal variation of Sargassum biochemical composition and to extract phlorotannins using conventional and alternative method, i.e. solid-liquid and enzyme- assisted extraction. In this study, minerals represented a significant value with a content reaching 33% followed by proteins with 24% of algal dry material. In the contrary, sugars showed only 13% of algal dry material. Further, the biochemical composition of Sargassum, like most algae, was highly affected by the seasons and related to Sargassum life cycle. In terms of polyphenol compounds in Sargassum, season might be the most influential factor but suitable methods of extraction determine the efficiency to collect these compounds from Sargassum. Solid-liquid extraction, in certain extent, yielded lower (ranging from 5 to 24% of dry algal material) than the enzyme-assisted extraction (ranging from 21 to 38% of dry algal material). Concerning the polyphenol content of Sargassum extracted with these two methods, enzyme-assisted extraction, in certain extent, had higher content than the solid-liquid extraction. Enzymatic extracts showed a strong antiradical activity
Mayer, Claire. "Effets préventifs des micro-algues marines et de leurs molécules bioactives sur le syndrome métabolique et l’obésité." Thesis, Le Mans, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LEMA1036.
Повний текст джерелаMetabolic syndrome is a pathophysiological state, including hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and abdominal obesity as the main metabolic risk factors. This syndrome can also be associated with inflammation, insulin resistance, oxidative stress and nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis (NAFLD). Omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega 3 PUFA) from fish oils exert protective effects against metabolic disorders associated with obesity. In an unfavourable economic and environmental context of fish oil production, marine microalgae could be an alternative source of omega 3 PUFA and have an interest for human nutrition. The objective of this work was to study the impact of the marine microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Phaeo), Tisochrysis lutea (Tiso) and Diacronema lutheri (Dia), used as food supplement, at a dose of 12%, in high-fat fed Wistar rats. The effects of extracts of total lipids and carotenoids from Phaeo were studied in vitro on palmitate-treated human hepatic HepG2 cells to mimic NAFLD. In vivo, the three studied microalgae have preventive effects on metabolic disturbances associated with the metabolic syndrome, with a greater efficiency for Phaeo. In vitro, the study demonstrated the preventive effect of lipid and carotenoid extracts from Phaeo, in the hepatic accumulation of triglycerides and cholesterol
Fayad, Syntia. "Développement d’outils ultra-performants de criblage enzymatique de produits naturels par électrophorèse capillaire." Thesis, Orléans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ORLE2032.
Повний текст джерелаSkin aging is one of the exterior/external signs of the passage of time. With age, the skin becomes drier and gets wrinkled due to the degradation of macromolecules of the extracellular matrix by skin enzymes such as elastase, hyaluronidase and collagenase. The aim of this thesis is to develop miniaturized enzymatic assays by capillary electrophoresis to screen plant extracts and identify new bioactives for cosmetics and skin wellbeing. These assays were developed either outside the capillary (which serves only as a separation tool) or in the capillary (which then serves as an enzymatic nanoreactor) then optimized to allow the determination of kinetic constants (Km, Vmax and IC₅₀). Tranvserse diffusion of laminar flow profiles (TDLFP) was applied to mix the reactants injected into the capillary. Detectors such as laser-induced fluorescence or high-resolution mass spectrometry have been coupled to capillary electrophoresis to achieve high sensitivities of detection and the possibility of identifying the products of the enzymatic reaction. These miniaturized assays were applied to algae extracted by electroporation or to regional plants extracted by green technologies in order to evaluate their biological activity towards skin enzymes. The assays developed are reliable, robust and economic in reactants consumption. Finally, the use of a new analytical technique, microscale thermophoresis, was shown to be very useful and hopeful for the study of enzyme-effector interactions