Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Biological wasterwater treatment"

To make full use of existing facilities , process reconstruction line is proposed including three precipitation, floatation and biological treatment after the analysis of the problems in existing treatment process of the paper-making wasterwater, The results showed that: after the reconstructive wastewater treatment system, the quality of effluent has reached the secondary standard of Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB8978-96).

Biological nitrogen removal from wastewater is based on nitrification and denitrification processes in biological treatment plants with activated sludge. Slowed growth of nitrification bacteria is one of basic problems in biological nitrogen removal from wasterwater. Using biological nitrogen removal technologies at changing nitrification and denitrification rate, it is very important to evaluate properly aeration and reduced aeration duration and to estimate nitrification and denitrification rate. To this purpose an investigation was carried out at Utena Wastewater Treatment Plant. Nitrification and denitrification rate was estimated during five experiments in aeration tanks when the duration of aeration and reduced aeration was from 120 to 180 min. Nitrification and denitrification rate at a different aeration regime and impact of aeration regime on biological nitrogen removal was estimated in the work.

Photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) is a promising technology for purification of biological pretreated wastewater or destruction of non-biodegradable compounds. For this reason PCO has been investigated as a last step of purification of biologically pre-treated paper-mill effluents. The influence of the parameters pH, TiO2-modification, TiO2-concentration, catalyst re-use, concentration of substances to be oxidised (wastewater quality) has been determined. The TOC of the biologically pretreated wasterwater was up to 55 mg L-1. This wastewater was treated with a previously presented aerated cascade photoreactor which was modified for batch experiments. A high specific oxidation rate of up to 0.76 g TOC m-2 h-1 as well as a complete TOC mineralization has been achieved after the optimisation of the process parameters. The complete destruction of recalcitrant compounds will offer the opportunity to reuse the wastewater in the production process. The increase of the BOD5/TOC ratio after a short irradiation period indicates the transformation of recalcitrant organic compounds to better biodegradable intermediates. The use of PCO as a pre-treatment step for the enhancement of the biodegradability of wastewater, containing recalcitrant or inhibitory compounds is an alternative to a long and energy-intensive total pollutant mineralization.

<p>Nos últimos anos, a preocupação com as questões ambientais vem sendo bastante discutidas, onde merece destaque, o descarte indevido do esgoto doméstico no meio ambiente, portanto o presente estudo objetivou realizar a caracterização físico-química e microbiológica do esgoto descartado no solo, no Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, campus de Campina Grande – PB. Para tanto foram desenvolvidas análises físico-químicas, tais como pH, Fósforo Total, DBO, DQO, Nitratos, Nitritos, Nitrogênio Amoniacal, Orto-Fosfatos e Alcalinidade, bem como análise microbiológica (coliformes). Observou-se que o efluente na unidade em questão não recebe tratamento para seu descarte, sendo identificadas características físico-químicas e microbiológicas de esgoto <em>in natura</em>. Faz-se necessário desta forma, investimentos em análises periódicas para assim realizar um tratamento adequado ao efluente visando-se reduzir os riscos ambientais e de saúde pública. Após os resultados das análises, foi proposto, além do tratamento preliminar, um tratamento biológico para o efluente, do tipo, lagoa facultativa primária seguida de duas lagoas de maturação, onde a eficiência do tratamento nos parâmetros analisados se enquadra aos padrões estabelecidos pelo CONAMA 430/2011, na qual o efluente pós - tratado poderia ser reutilizado para fins menos nobres, destinando a água potável para atividades que requerem uma qualidade melhor.</p><p><strong><em>Physicochemical and microbiological characterization of wasterwater of the UEPB with proposed of treatment for reuse purposes</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>In recent years, concern about environmental issues has been widely discussed, which deserves mention the improper disposal of domestic sewage into the environment, so this study aimed to perform the physicochemical and microbiological sewage discarded the soil, in the Science and Technology Center of the State University of Paraiba, campus of Campina Grande - PB. Therefore, we developed physical-chemical analysis such as pH, Total Phosphorus, BOD, COD, Nitrate, Nitrite, Ammonia Nitrogen, Orto-Phosphates and alkalinity, as well as microbiological analysis (coliforms). It was noted that the effluent in the unit in question does not receive treatment for their disposal, identified physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics of raw sewage. It is necessary therefore, investment in periodic reviews thus to carry out an appropriate treatment to effluent aiming to reduce environmental risks and public health. After the analysis results, it was proposed, in addition to preliminary treatment, a biological treatment for the effluent, type, primary facultative pond followed by two ponds maturation, in which the treatment efficiency in the analyzed parameters falls within the standards set by CONAMA 430/2011 in which the effluent post-treaty could be reused for less noble purposes, intended to clean water for activities that require a better quality<strong>.</strong></p>

Дипломний проект складається з 77 сторінок пояснювальної записки та 3 аркушів креслень А1. Пояснювальна записка містить вступ, 5 розділів, що включають 4 рисунка та 7 таблиць, висновки, 30 посилань на літературні джерела та додаток. Метою дипломного проекту є підбір та обґрунтування найбільш вигідної та ефективної технологічної схеми для попереднього очищення стічних вод шкірзаводу, а також проведення розрахунків для проектування споруди біологічної очистки та розробки технологічної схеми очищення суміші стічних вод міста Бердичів та шкірзаводу. В проекті було охарактеризовано склад та фізико-хімічні властивості стічних вод шкірзаводу; обрано та обґрунтовано технологію попереднього очищення стічних вод шкірзаводу; розраховано показники стічних вод та необхідний ступень їх очищення; обрано та обгрунтовано технологію біологічного очищення суміші стічних вод міста Бердичів та шкірзаводу; описані біохімічні процеси в споруді біологічного очищення; надано характеристику біологічного агенту; наведено параметри контролю технології біологічного очищення; розраховано матеріальний баланс процесу очищення; здійснено розрахунки основних біологічних споруд. Також було розроблено апаратурну та технологічну схему біологічного очищення суміші стічних вод міста Бердичів та шкірзаводу, а також креслення аеротенку.
The diploma project consists of 77 pages of explanatory note and 3 sheets of drawings A1. The explanatory note contains an introduction, 5 sections, including 4 figures and 7 tables, conclusions, 30 references and an appendix. The purpose of the diploma project is to select and substantiate the most beneficial technological scheme for preliminary tannery wastewater treatment of the, as well as calculations of biological treatment facilities and development of process flowsheet for city of Berdychiv and tannery wastewater treatment. The project describes the composition and physical and chemical properties of the plant tannery wastewater; the technology of preliminary tannery wastewater treatment technology is selected and substantiated; wastewater characteristics s and the required treatment degree of their treatment are calculated; the technology of biological treatment of a mixture of city and tannery wasterwater is chosen and substantiated; biochemical processes in the biological treatment plant are described; the characteristic of the biological agent is given; parameters of control of biological treatment technology are given; the material balance of the cleaning process is calculated; calculations of the basic biological constructions are carried out. An hardware and process flowsheet the city of Berdychiv and tannery biological wastewater treatment , as well as a drawing of an aeration tank were worked up.