Дисертації з теми "Biodiesel production from algae"
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Godfrey, Valerie. "Production of Biodiesel from Oleaginous Organisms Using Underutilized Wastewaters." DigitalCommons@USU, 2012. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1337.
Повний текст джерелаJarméus, Christoffer. "Emergy analysis of biodiesel and biogas production from Baltic Sea macro algae." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-122627.
Повний текст джерелаMålet med studien var att utvärdera och jämföra processerna att tillverka biodiesel och biogas från alger skördade i Östersjön. Mängden av alger som kan skördas varje år har uppskattats till ungefär 215 000 ton våt vikt, på en yta mellan Malmö och Simrishamn längs med Sveriges sydkust. Algerna kan skördas mellan april och september. Insamlingen av alger har syftet att reducera den rådande övergödningen i Östersjön genom att ta upp näringsämnen som algerna har tillgodogjort sig. Algerna innehåller även tungmetaller som, när algerna samlas in, kan omhändertas och därmed minska mängderna tungmetaller i Östersjön. Utvärderingen inkluderade skörd av alger, transport av alger till biodiesel eller biogas anläggningen, tillverkning av biodiesel eller biogas och en utvärdering av algresterna efter processerna. Mängderna av energi och material som processerna konsumerar beräknades från litteraturvärden och uppskattades från liknande studier. Den utvärderingsmetod som användes var emergianalys, där all energi och material som har använts i systemen konverterades till ”solemergijoule” så att de kunde utvärderas utifrån en gemensam grund. De energier och material som används vid skörd och transport av alger och produktion av biodiesel eller biogas konverterades med hjälp av omräkningsfaktorer (Eng: ”transformities”) som beskriver förbrukningen av solemergijoule per energi i joule, material i gram eller kostnader i euro. De beräknade omräkningsfaktorerna/transformities för biodiesel och biogas användes i sin tur för att utvärdera vilken av processerna som kan anses mest effektiv. Utöver omräkningsfaktorerna/transformities användes även emergiindex som indikerar processernas påverkan på miljön, emergiutbyte, hållbarhet, ekonomisk konkurrenskraft och procent användning av förnyelsebara material- och energikällor. Resultatet av studien visade att biogas har en lägre omräkningsfaktor/transformity än biodiesel, vilket innebär att det har använts mindre solemergijoule för att tillverka 1 joule energi från biogas än för 1 joule biodiesel. Mängden solemergijoule som förbrukats per år uppskattades till 2.18·1019 seJ/år för biodiesel och 2.75·1019 seJ/år för biogas. Omräkningsfaktorerna/transformities beräknades för biodiesel och biogas till 5.04·105 seJ/J respektive 9.12·104 seJ/J. Emergiindex gynnade biodieselprocessen, då den visades ha en lägre påverkan på miljön, högre ekonomisk konkurrenskraft och en högre procentuell användning av förnyelsebara källor till material och energi som använts i processen.
Sathish, Ashik. "Biodiesel Production from Mixed Culture Algae Via a Wet Lipid Extraction Procedure." DigitalCommons@USU, 2012. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1372.
Повний текст джерелаMonari, Chiara. "Life cycle assessment of biodiesel production from micro-algae: a case study in Denmark." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/6106/.
Повний текст джерелаLiu, Zhouyang. "Nitrogen Removal and Lipid Production from Secondary Wastewater Using Green Alga Chlorella vulgaris." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1329935203.
Повний текст джерелаOsundeko, Olumayowa. "Sustainable production of biofuel from microalgae grown in wastewater." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/sustainable-production-of-biofuel-from-microalgae-grown-in-wastewater(e23b193b-3552-476d-be66-dbf69878dd47).html.
Повний текст джерелаBrink, Jacobus Petrus. "The cultivation and harvesting of micro-algal biomass from the Hartbeespoort Dam for the production of biodiesel / Jacobus Petrus Brink." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/6278.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (Ph.D. (Chemical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
Overbeck, Tom J. "Strategies for Increased Lactic Acid Production from Algal Cake Fermentations at Low pH by Lactobacillus casei." DigitalCommons@USU, 2017. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6481.
Повний текст джерелаGUETTI, DUILIO. "Biodiesel production from microalgae." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/242930.
Повний текст джерелаMicroalgae represent a natural resource to produce third generation biodiesel which is going to be necessary due to the shortening of the fossil resources. However, the actual cost of one litre of "algaediesel" would be higher than 2.5$. Therefore, the reduction of the costs connected with its production is primary to be make feasible one of the most promising renewable technologies of the century. Microalgae synthesize CO2 through photosynthesis growing much faster than traditional crop. The research is nowadays focused on efficiently improve of all the steps involved in the process: from the selection of new and interesting algal strains to the optimization of lipid profile obtainable from their cultivation. In this work, we tried to highlight and analyse important threads such as lipid productivity, lipids stability and productivity during continuous culture and the opportunity of integrate the wastewater treatment with the needing of lower the price of the growing substrate. The experiments show that new oleaginous strains with % of lipids in DW higher than 20% are easily discoverable and they will need a complete investigation on the optimization of the growth. They also show that the biodiesel production process cannot be separated from biomass productivity and lipid profile stability during the harvest of the biomass. Moreover, we show how a wastewater can be an excellent growth substrate "dominant" microalgae strain which can grow with good performances in a waste lowering the money necessary for the cultivation. Finally, we proposed a method for efficiently optimize the thermal needing of a real biodiesel plant by a multi-objective approach which allow saving of 13% of the thermal requirement.
Smith-Baedorf, Holly D. "Microalgae for the biochemical conversion of CO2 and production of biodiesel." Thesis, University of Bath, 2012. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.564010.
Повний текст джерелаRaslan, Alenezi. "Biodiesel production from different methods." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5434/.
Повний текст джерелаNarendar, Priyanka. "Screening and Identification of Everglades Algal Isolates for Biodiesel production." FIU Digital Commons, 2010. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/287.
Повний текст джерелаMafu, Lubabalo Rowan. "Benefication of glycerol from algae and vegetable oil." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1011503.
Повний текст джерелаRamos, Boris. "Production of biodiesel from vegetable oils." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-145863.
Повний текст джерелаSchiener, Peter. "Bioethanol production from macroalgae." Thesis, University of the Highlands and Islands, 2014. https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/bioethanol-production-from-macroalgae(d1c0fd4d-3a91-4d17-be4f-0b7b2af86e11).html.
Повний текст джерелаAfonso, Marise da Costa Pereira. "Enzymatic biodiesel production from free fatty acids." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/3137.
Повний текст джерелаO ácido oleico é um co-produto da refinação de óleos alimentares e é removido num passo antecedente à catalise alcalina na produção industrial de biodiesel. Este ácido gordo livre é uma fonte alternativa de biodiesel. Neste trabalho estudou-se a esterificação enzimática do acido oleico com metanol ou etanol. Definiu-se um planeamento experimental 22 para estudar a influência das variáveis razão molar álcool/ácido oleico(R) e concentração de enzima(E), as variáveis dependentes, na percentagem de conversão, a variável independente. As condições óptimas foram obtidas em R=6,32 e E=6,64% para o metanol (100% conversão), e R=4,87 e E=5,65 % para o etanol (95,5% de conversão). Estudou-se também a influência da temperatura na reacção para uma razão molar de 6 e uma concentração de enzima de 2%, numa gama de temperaturas entre 30 e 60ºC, para o metanol, e 70ºC, para o etanol. Foi constatado que a conversão aumenta monotonamente com o aumento da temperatura para o etanol. Para o metanol, o aumento da conversão com o aumento da temperatura apenas se verifica até aos 50ºC. A mesma enzima pode ser usada 10 vezes na esterificação enzimática do ácido oleico com etanol, sem perda significativa de actividade enzimática. ABSTRACT: Oleic acid is a co-product of oil refining and is removed in a step preceding the alkaline catalysis in industrial production of biodiesel. This free fatty acid is an alternative source of biodiesel. In this present work the enzymatic esterification of oleic acid with methanol or ethanol was studied. Was defined as an design of experiments 22 to study the influence of the alcohol / oleic acid molar ratio (R) and enzyme concentration (E), the dependent variables, in the percentage of conversion, the independent variable The optimal conditions obtained were R=6.32 and E=6.64% for methanol (100% conversion), and R=4.87 and E=5.65% for ethanol (95,5% of conversion. Was also studied the influence of temperature on the reaction to a molar ratio of 6 and an enzyme concentration of 2%, in a temperature range between 30 and 60 ° C for methanol, and 70 ° C for ethanol. It was found that the conversion increases monotonously with increasing temperature for ethanol. For methanol, the conversion increased with increasing temperature up to 50 º C. The same enzyme can be used 10 times in the enzymatic esterification of oleic acid with ethanol, without significant loss of enzyme activity.
Naik, Malaya Kumar. "Production of monoglycerides from glycerol obtained from biodiesel processing." Thesis, IIT Delhi, 2016. http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/12345678/7024.
Повний текст джерелаKryger, Kyle Wesley. "Production of Natural Gas from Algae Plant Design." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146598.
Повний текст джерелаChand, Priyanka. "Enhancing biodiesel production from soybean oil using ultrasonics." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.
Знайти повний текст джерелаWu, Xuan, and 吴璇. "Optimization of biodiesel production and purification for maximizing biodiesel yield from camelina oil." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B49617692.
Повний текст джерелаpublished_or_final_version
Mechanical Engineering
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
Nguyen, Thi Hong Minh, and Van Hanh Vu. "Bioethanol production from marine algae biomass: prospect and troubles." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-99282.
Повний текст джерелаSự gia tăng giá nhiên liệu hóa thạch cùng với cảnh báo toàn cầu về biến đổi khí hậu hướng đến việc nghiên cứu tìm ra những nguồn năng lượng có thể tái tạo. Năng lượng sinh học là một trong những nguồn quan trọng được các nhà khoa học và doanh nghiệp quan tâm. Mặc dù ethanol sinh học đã được biết đến như là một trong những dạng năng lượng tái tạo quan trọng nhất để giảm thiểu các khí nhà kính và cảnh báo toàn cầu, nhưng chỉ có một số ít bài báo về nó. Trong bài tổng quan này, chúng tôi giới thiệu vắn tắt việc sản xuất ethanol sinh học từ tảo. Nó đưa ra cái nhìn sâu hơn về những khó khăn và tiềm năng hứa hẹn của sản xuất ethanol sinh học từ tảo
Deshpande, Shriyash Rajendra. "Production of Biodiesel from Soybean Oil Using Supercritical Methanol." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6080.
Повний текст джерелаLiu, Jie. "Biodiesel production from canola oil using a membrane reactor." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26960.
Повний текст джерелаSuwannakarn, Kaewta. "Biodiesel production from high free fatty acid content feedstocks." Connect to this title online, 2008. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1211389077/.
Повний текст джерелаVisser, Hendrik Petrus. "Biodiesel production from a butter factory effluent / H.P. Visser." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9250.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (MIng (Chemical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
ARAUJO, VICTOR KRAEMER WERMELINGER S. "COST EVALUATION FOR BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM WASTE COOKING OIL." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2008. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=11873@1.
Повний текст джерелаFUNDAÇÃO DE APOIO A PESQUISA DA BAHIA
A busca pelo desenvolvimento sustentável tem como importante fator diferencial as fontes de energia renováveis. O biodiesel desponta como uma das alternativas mais relevantes, mas suas formas de obtenção no Rio de Janeiro não foram suficientemente investigadas. Este trabalho identifica a oportunidade da produção de biodiesel a partir de óleos residuais de fritura neste cenário, enfatizando os custos de transporte do óleo desde os principais produtores comerciais até a obtenção do biocombustível. O objetivo é avaliar os custos de forma a verificar a viabilidade do emprego desta alternativa. Para tanto, foram estudadas as diversas ferramentas de resolução do Problema de Roteamento de Veículos e foi proposto um algoritmo que visa à otimização dos custos. A formulação matemática utilizada baseia-se numa extensão de algoritmos clássicos, como o apresentado por Arenales et al. (2007), e nas equações desenvolvidas em Kallehauge (2006). Os resultados do modelo de roteamento, atrelados aos custos de produção, impostos e insumos, foram comparados com informações sobre a comercialização do biodiesel, comprovando sua viabilidade econômica. A consolidação dos dados obtidos aponta a produção de biodiesel a partir de óleo residual de fritura como viável, com custos logísticos equivalentes a R/tmp/aaaUFg8ya,19 por litro e custo final de R,22 por litro.
The search for a sustainable development has in renewable energy sources an important differential factor. Biodiesel is one of the most important alternatives, but its obtainment forms in Rio de Janeiro have not been investigated enough. This work identifies the opportunity of biodiesel production from waste cooking oil in this scenery, emphasizing oil`s transport costs until factories, where it is possible to obtain biodiesel in its final form. The objective is to evaluate costs in order to verify viability of this alternative source of energy. Hence, this research analysed several tools for solving Vehicle Routing Problem and it proposes an algorithm that results in cost optimization. The adapted mathematic formulation is based in an extension of classic algorithms, like those presented by Arenales (2007), and in equations developed by Kallehauge (2006). The routing model results, linked to production, tributes and input costs, have been compared with information about biodiesel commercialization, verifying its economic viability. The data consolidation obtained indicates that the biodiesel production from waste cooking oil is viable, with logistic costs equal to R/tmp/aaaPLIh7a,19 per liter and final cost equal to R,22 per liter.
Boffito, D. C. "BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM NON-FOODSTUFF: CHEMISTRY, CATALYSIS AND ENGINEERING." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/214934.
Повний текст джерелаWahal, Shantanu. "Nutrient Utilization from Anaerobic Digester Effluent Through Algae Cultivation." DigitalCommons@USU, 2010. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/671.
Повний текст джерелаLiu, Jin, and 刘进. "Genetic engineering of Chlorella zofingiensis for enhanced astaxanthinbiosynthesis and assessment of the algal oil for biodiesel production." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45151593.
Повний текст джерелаJohnson, Michael Ben. "Microalgal Biodiesel Production through a Novel Attached Culture System and Conversion Parameters." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32034.
Повний текст джерелаMaster of Science
Myint, Lay L. "Process analysis and optimization of biodiesel production from vegetable oils." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1267.
Повний текст джерелаDalila, Augusto MUSSENGUE SAN. "Biodiesel Production from Jatropha and Waste Cooking Oils in Mozambique." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-216984.
Повний текст джерелаZheng, Sheng. "Biodiesel production from waste frying oil: Conversion monitoring and modeling." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26416.
Повний текст джерелаHasswa, Raghda. "Biodiesel Production from High FFA Feedstock Using a Membrane Reactor." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28716.
Повний текст джерелаKekre, Naveen. "Investigation of phospholipid separation from soybean oil for biodiesel production." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.
Знайти повний текст джерелаAliyu, Bashir. "Production and performance evaluation of biodiesel from croton megalocarpus oil." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.556134.
Повний текст джерелаFreitas, Samuel Venâncio de Sousa. "Production of biodiesel from the resources endogeneous of Timor Leste." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/11681.
Повний текст джерелаOs biocombustíveis têm estado na linha da frente das políticas energéticas mundiais visto que as suas vantagens conseguem colmatar as incertezas e resolver alguns dos problemas associados aos combustíveis fósseis. O biodiesel tem provado ser um combustível muito fiável, alternativo ao petrodiesel. É uma mistura de ésteres alquílicos produzidos a partir de óleos vegetais e gorduras animais através de uma reacção de transesterificação. Como combustível, o biodiesel é economicamente viável, socialmente responsável, tecnicamente compatível e ambientalmente amigável. O principal desafio associado ao seu desenvolvimento tem a ver com a escolha de matéria-prima para a sua produção. Nos países do terceiro mundo, óleos alimentares são mais importantes para alimentar pessoas do que fazer funcionar carros. Esta tese tem como objectivos produzir/processar biodiesel a partir de recursos endógenos de Timor-Leste e medir/prever as propriedades termodinâmicas do biodiesel, a partir das dos esteres alquílicos. A síntese do biodiesel a partir dos óleos de Aleurites moluccana, Jatropha curcas e borras de café foram aqui estudados. As propriedades termodinâmicas como densidade, viscosidade, tensão superficial, volatilidade e velocidade do som também foram medidas e estimadas usando modelos preditivos disponíveis na literatura, incluindo as equações de estado CPA e soft-SAFT. Timor-Leste é um país muito rico em recursos naturais, mas a maioria da população ainda vive na pobreza e na privação de acesso a serviços básicos e condições de vida decentes. A exploração de petróleo e gás no mar de Timor tem sido controlado pelo Fundo Petrolífero. O país ainda carece de electricidade e combustíveis que são cruciais para materializar as políticas de redução da pobreza. Como solução, o governo timorense criou recentemente o Plano Estratégico de Desenvolvimento a 20 anos cujas prioridades incluem trazer o desenvolvimento do petróleo do mar para a costa sul de Timor-Leste e desenvolver as energias renováveis. É neste último contexto que o biodiesel se insere. O seu desenvolvimento no país poderá ser uma solução para o fornecimento de electricidade, a criação de empregos e sobretudo o combate contra a pobreza e a privação. Para ser usado como combustível, no entanto, o biodiesel deve possuir propriedades termodinâmicas coerentes com as especificadas nas normas da ASTM D6751 (nos Estados Unidos) ou EN 14214 (na Europa) para garantir uma adequada ignição, atomização e combustão do biodiesel no motor.
The biofuels have been at the forefront of global energy policies as their advantages can overcome the uncertainties of fossil fuels. Biodiesel has proven to be a very reliable fuel alternative to petrodiesel. It is a mixture of fatty acid alkyl esters obtained by the transesterification of vegetable oils and animal fat. As fuel, biodiesel is economically viable, socially responsible, technically compatible and environmentally friendly. The main challenge associated to its development concerns the choice of raw materials for its production. In third world countries, edible oils are more important for feeding people than for running cars. This thesis aims to produce / process biodiesel from resources endogenous of Timor-Leste and to measure/predict the thermodynamic properties of biodiesel, from those of alkyl esters. The synthesis of biodiesel from oils of Aleurites moluccana, Jatropha curcas and coffee waste were here studied. The thermodynamic properties such as density, viscosity, surface tension, volatility and speed of sound were also measured and estimated using predictive models available in the literature including some equations of state like CPA and soft-SAFT. Timor Leste is a country rich in natural resources, but the majority of the population still lives in poverty and deprivation of access to basic services and decent living conditions. The exploitation of oil and gas in the Timor Sea has filled only the Oil Fund. The country still lacks electricity and fuels that are crucial to materialize policies for poverty reduction. As a solution, the Timorese government has recently established the Strategic Development Plan of 20 years whose priorities include bringing the development of oil from the sea to the south coast of Timor-Leste and developing renewable energy sources. It is in this latter context that biodiesel should be considered. Its development in the country will be contextually an appropriate solution for electricity supply, job creation and especially combat against poverty and deprivation. To be used as fuel, however, biodiesel must possess thermodynamic properties consistent with those specified in the standards of ASTM D6751 (in USA) or EN 14214 (in Europe) to ensure proper ignition, atomization and combustion in diesel engines.
Athey, Angela Lorelle. "Plant Design for the Repurposing of Glycerin from Biodiesel Production." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144173.
Повний текст джерелаDuong, Hanh To. "OPTIMIZING BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM YELLOW GREASE USING PASSIVE SOLAR HEATING." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/192320.
Повний текст джерелаKain, Stephanie Linn. "OPTIMIZING BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM YELLOW GREASE USING PASSIVE SOLAR HEATING." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/192510.
Повний текст джерелаRustandi, Ferry. "Energy balance of biodiesel production from rapeseed in Western Australia." Thesis, Curtin University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2235.
Повний текст джерелаLingaraju, Bala P. "Removal of Nitrogen from Wastewater Using Microalgae." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1321888338.
Повний текст джерелаHutton, Matthew W. "EXTRACTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LIPIDS FROM MICROALGAE GROWN ON MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2009. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/214.
Повний текст джерелаOlkiewicz, Magdalena. "Production of biodiesel from sludge generated in municipal wastewater treatment plants." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/351959.
Повний текст джерелаActualmente la producción de biodiesel está limitada debido a falta de las materias primas accesibles y relativamente económicas. Fangos municipales generados en las EDAR son una materia prima prometedora de lípidos no comestible que pueden utilizarse en la producción de biodiesel. Entre los cuatro tipos de fangos generados en EDARs, el lodo primario es el más beneficioso. Sin embargo, la necesidad de eliminar el alto contenido de agua de los fangos, antes de la extracción de los lípidos, es una limitación principal para la ampliación del proceso. Por lo tanto, este estudio principalmente investiga métodos alternativos, extracción directa de lípidos de fango líquido con el fin de eliminar el costoso proceso de secado de fango. La clásica extracción líquida-líquida directa de los lípidos de fango líquido utilizando hexano es factible tras la acidificación anterior de fangos. La optimización, ampliación y análisis económico del proceso indican que la producción de biodiesel a través de la extracción líquida-líquida directa de los lípidos de fango primario es económicamente viable y más rentable que la de fango seco. Aunque la tecnología actualmente disponible (extracción líquida-líquida usando hexano) permite una fácil extracción de lípidos a partir de fangos de aguas residuales, el uso de líquidos iónicos como disolvente alternativo verde también ha sido investigado con el fin de mejorar el impacto ambiental del proceso. Los líquidos iónicos no volátiles también muestran un alto potencial para la extracción directa de lípidos de fango primario, dando resultados comparables a los del método clásico. Además, el líquido iónico específico a base de fosfonio es muy prometedor debido a su capacidad para recuperar la celulosa y proteínas, junto con los lípidos en un solo paso, dando otra ventaja sobre los disolventes orgánicos. Finalmente, la síntesis de biodiesel a partir de lípidos extraídos se estudió usando líquidos iónicos ácidos de Brønsted como catalizador alternativo, capaz de superar los problemas relacionados con los catalizadores convencionales. Los líquidos iónicos ácidos de Brønsted con un grupo ácido sulfónico de alcano muestran un buen rendimiento catalítico para la conversión de los lípidos de fango en biodiesel.
Production of biodiesel is currently limited due to lack of economically beneficial feedstocks. Municipal sludge generated in WWTPs is a promising non-edible lipid feedstock which can make the biodiesel production profitable. Among the four types of sludge generated in WWTPs, the primary sludge is the most beneficial. However, the need to eliminate the high water content from sludge, before lipid extraction, is a main limitation for scaling up. Therefore, this study primarily investigates alternative methods, direct extractions of lipids from liquid sludge in order to eliminate the expensive process of sludge drying. The classical direct liquid-liquid extraction of lipids from liquid sludge using hexane is feasible after previous sludge acidification .The optimisation, scale-up and economic analysis of the process indicate that the biodiesel production via direct liquid-liquid extraction of lipids from primary sludge is economically feasible and more cost-effective than from dry sludge. Although the technology currently available (liquid-liquid extraction using hexane) allows easy extraction of lipids from sewage sludge, the use of ionic liquids as a green alternative solvent is also investigated in order to improve the environmental impact of the process. The non-volatile ionic liquids also show a high potential for direct lipid extraction from liquid primary sludge, giving results comparable to the classical method. Furthermore, the specific phosphonium-based ionic liquid is very promising due to its ability to recover the cellulose and proteins, together with lipids in one step, giving another advantage over the organic solvents. Finally, the synthesis of biodiesel from extracted lipids is studied using Brønsted acidic ionic liquids as an alternative catalyst, capable to overcome the problems related to conventional catalysts. The Brønsted acidic ionic liquids with an alkane sulfonic acid group show a good catalytic performance for the conversion of sludge lipids into biodiesel.
Gardy, Jabbar Lashkeri Ismail Agha. "Biodiesel production from used cooking oil using novel solid acid catalysts." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/18086/.
Повний текст джерелаZhang, Yi. "Design and economic assessment of biodiesel production from waste cooking oil." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6138.
Повний текст джерелаGameiro, Mariana Isabel Correia D’Almeida Mendes. "Biodiesel production from chicken feather meal, combining biocatalysis and supercritical technology." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11363.
Повний текст джерелаMayakoti, Amukta. "Characterization of Fresh Water Microalgae from East Tennessee for Biodiesel Production." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1426.
Повний текст джерелаCsavina, Janae L. "The Optimization of Growth Rate and Lipid Content from Select Algae Strains." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1215529734.
Повний текст джерелаAitken, Douglas. "Assessment of the sustainability of bioenergy production from algal feedstock." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8961.
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