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Готові списки джерел за темами / Biocarbon catalysts / Статті в журналах

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Статті в журналах з теми "Biocarbon catalysts"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 20 квітня 2024

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1

SELVARANI, V., S. KIRUTHIKA, V. SUDHA, A. GAYATHRI, and B. MUTHUKUMARAN. "Enhancement Effect of Fe-Co-Ni/BC Nanoparticles for Membraneless Fuel Cells." Asian Journal of Chemistry 32, no. 9 (2020): 2173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2020.22728.

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Biocarbon (BC) supported iron–cobalt–nickel (Fe–Co–Ni/BC) nanoalloy catalysts were synthesized by ultrasonic-assisted chemical reduction method. The morphological and physico-chemical characteristics show that the 1:1:1 composition of Fe–Co–Ni/BC catalyst has the Fe face-centered cubic (fcc) solid-solution structure showing the incorporation of Co and Ni. The electrocatalytic execution of this iron-based nanoalloy catalyst and its interaction with biocarbon was explored in a membraneless fuel cell and compared with carbon supported Fe–Co–Ni catalyst (Fe–Co–Ni/C). In a single-cell test, the power density obtained for Fe–Co–Ni/BC (35.4 mW/cm2) was better than that of Fe–Co–Ni/C (31.3 mW/cm2), utilizing 0.1 mol/L sodium perborate as oxidant and 1 mol/L ethylene glycol as fuel in an alkaline medium. The electrochemical findings revealed that the execution and solidness of the Fe–Co–Ni/BC catalyst is good and prevalent to that of Fe–Co–Ni/C catalyst. The better execution of BC-supported catalyst is due to its high electrical conductivity, high porosity and expansive surface area. It is been concluded that both the advantageous impact and the nature of support have an imperative part on the execution of Fe–Co–Ni/BC nanoalloy catalysts for the CO2-free ethylene glycol oxidation. Subsequently, it is accepted that the BC-supported Fe–Co–Ni nanoalloy catalysts are anticipated to be broadly utilized in electrocatalytic energy-conversion applications.

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2

CAVALLARI, R. V., N. B. DE LIMA, J. C. M. SILVA, V. S. BERGAMASHI, and J. C. FERREIRA. "PREPARATION OF CATALYST SUPPORT FROM BIO CARBON." Periódico Tchê Química 15, no. 30 (August 20, 2018): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v15.n30.2018.118_periodico30_pgs_115_126.pdf.

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The overuse of non-renewables resources in the last decades has generated negative consequences for the society, which have boosting the search for mitigating the damage caused in the environment. Aiming to contribute to the expansion of the strategies to control the pollutants in the environment thought the development of low-cost technologies, the mean goal of present work is to develop active materials with high thermic resistance and suitable specific area to adsorption and impregnation of metals. In this regard, it was studied three different routes of treatment of the biocarbons. The biocarbons materials were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis (BET). The three different strategies of treatment resulted in changes in the carbonaceous structure of the biocarbon, resulting in suitable characteristics for support material for catalysts, such as activities sites with negative charge to promote the attachment of the metals on the carbon surface. It was also observed the enhancement of the specific surface area, that ranges from 341.4 to 749.7 m2 g-1, changes of D and G band of carbon and high temperature resistance, which promote catalytic reactions with catalyst loss.

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3

Miteva, Kalina, Georgi Georgiev, Ivanka Stoycheva, Nartzislav Petrov, Bilyana Petrova, Andrei Sarbu, and Boyko Tsyntsarski. "BIOCARBON FROM DIFFERENT BIOMASS PRECURSORS." Ecological Engineering and Environment Protection 2021, no. 3/2021 (December 15, 2021): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.32006/eeep.2021.3.3437.

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Thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass is considered as a good opportunity to obtain liquid raw materials for biofuels and biochemicals. During this pyrolysis process a solid product, biocarbon, is obtained. Nowadays there is a growing interest in biocarbon, due to the potential benefits of its application in soil as a stimulant and CO2 trap. The physicochemical and porous properties of biocarbon are suitable for development of effective and inexpensive sorbents for the removal of contaminants from water. Biocarbon has promising sorption properties for various pollutants in water, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals. Banana and orange peels, as well as cocoa flakes, were used as precursors. The carbonization was carried out at temperatures from 500 ° C to 900 ° C. Some of the samples were subjected to physical and chemical activation. The obtained carbon adsorbents are characterized by adsorption of iodine, BET, etc. It is planned to study the possibilities for the successful application of the obtained carbon materials as adsorbents for water and air purification, catalysts, hydrogen depots, etc.

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4

Kulic-Mandic, Aleksandra, Milena Becelic-Tomin, Gordana Pucar-Milidrag, Milena Raseta, and Djurdja Kerkez. "Application of impregnated biocarbon produced from soybean hulls in dye decolorization." Chemical Industry 75, no. 5 (2021): 307–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind210427023k.

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Waste soybean hulls (WSH) were investigated as a Fe-support in two forms: raw and carbonized (i.e. biocarbon, BC), as possible value-added materials. Fe-impregnation was implemented in order to produce heterogeneous Fenton catalysts for Reactive Blue 4 dye degradation. Materials characterization demonstrated a rise in the specific surface area due to decomposition of WSH constituents during carbonization (to obtain BC) and thermal activation (to obtain Fe-WSH and Fe-BC), thus producing catalysts with high mesoporosity and hematite as the active site for Fenton reaction. Among the investigated materials, Fe-WSH showed the greatest ability for ?OH production in acidic medium. Next, the hetero-geneous Fenton process was optimized by using response surface methodology, which resulted in selection of the following reaction conditions: 3 mM H2O2, 100 mg Fe-WSH, reaction time of 180 min, at a constant pH 3, RB4 concentration of 50 mg dm-3 and at room temperature. The achieved dye removal and mineralization were 85.7 and 66.8 %, respecti-vely, while the catalyst showed high stability and the reaction intermediates formed during the oxidation process had a low inhibitory effect on Vibrio fischeri bacteria.

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5

Li, Zheng, Xia Qu, Yuwei Feng, Lili Dong, Yantao Yang, Tingzhou Lei, and Suxia Ren. "Enzymolytic Lignin-Derived N-S Codoped Porous Carbon Nanocomposites as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reactions." Materials 16, no. 24 (December 12, 2023): 7614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16247614.

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Currently, the development of nonmetallic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts based on heteroatomic-doped carbon materials is receiving increaseing attention in the field of fuel cells. Here, we used enzymolytic lignin (EL), melamine, and thiourea as carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur sources and NH4Cl as an activator to prepare N- and S-codoped lignin-based polyporous carbon (ELC) by one-step pyrolysis. The prepared lignin-derived biocarbon material (ELC-1-900) possessed a high specific surface area (844 m2 g−1), abundant mesoporous structure, and a large pore volume (0.587 cm3 g−1). The XPS results showed that ELC-1-900 was successfully doped with N and S. ELC-1-900 exhibited extremely high activity and stability in alkaline media for the ORR, with a half-wave potential (E1/2 = 0.88 V) and starting potential (Eonset = 0.98 V) superior to those of Pt/C catalysts and most non-noble-metal catalysts reported in recent studies. In addition, ELC-1-900 showed better ORR stability and methanol tolerance in alkaline media than commercial Pt/C catalysts.

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6

Zhou, Lihua, Peng Fu, Dehuang Wen, Yong Yuan, and Shungui Zhou. "Self-constructed carbon nanoparticles-coated porous biocarbon from plant moss as advanced oxygen reduction catalysts." Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 181 (February 2016): 635–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2015.08.035.

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7

Alonso-Lemus, Ivonne L., Carlos Cobos-Reyes, Mayra Figueroa-Torres, Beatriz Escobar-Morales, K. Kunhiraman Aruna, Prabhu Akash, Fabian Fernández-Luqueño, and Javier Rodríguez-Varela. "Green Power Generation by Microbial Fuel Cells Using Pharmaceutical Wastewater as Substrate and Electroactive Biofilms (Bacteria/Biocarbon)." Journal of Chemistry 2022 (August 28, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1963973.

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In this work, electroactive biofilms of Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) or Escherichia coli (E. coli) were supported on functionalized biocarbon (AB7-F), which was synthesized from waste leather and was used as catalysts to develop bioanodes for microbial fuel cells (MFCs). This way, bioanodes were fabricated and further evaluated in a three-electrode cell using pharmaceutical wastewater (PWW) as substrate. The electrochemical measurements showed a higher performance of the bioanode based on AB7-f+ B. subtilis to oxidize organic matter from PWW. The polarization curves in the dual-chamber MFC showed that AB7-f+ B. subtilis bioanode can generate an open circuit voltage of 602 mV and a power density of 77 mW m−2. During long-term tests of the MFC, a variation in performance was observed, with a maximum of 96.3 mW m−2 on day 7. Such variation was attributed to the development of more stable biofilm as well as consumption of some compounds metabolized by bacteria grown on the bioanode. The results showed that AB7-f+ B. subtilis can be used as bioanode for MFCs with PWW as substrate removing around 45% of the chemical oxygen demand (COD).

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8

Zhang, Xia, Bo Bai, Honglun Wang та Yourui Suo. "Facile fabrication of sea buckthorn biocarbon (SB)@α-Fe2O3 composite catalysts and their applications for adsorptive removal of doxycycline wastewater through a cohesive heterogeneous Fenton-like regeneration". RSC Advances 6, № 44 (2016): 38159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra07382d.

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Анотація:

Novel SB@α-Fe₂O₃ composite catalysts were fabricated through a simple thermal conversion process from SB@β-FeOOH precursor, which maintained good adsorption capacity after five successive adsorption/heterogeneous Fenton-like regeneration cycles.

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9

Urper, Osman, Prabin Kharel, Nivedhitha Jothinarayanan, Karoline Krogstad, Lars Eric-Roseng, Miina Saebo, Walter Aker, and Kaiying Wang. "Eco-Friendly TiO₂ and ZnO Biocar Nanocomposites: Transforming Water Decontamination and Bacteria Inactivation." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 47 (December 22, 2023): 2292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02472292mtgabs.

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Water pollution ranging from harmful chemical substances to pathogenic bacteria is a growing problem from industry to society as a whole[1-2].There is a need to find new, cost-effective sustainable materials with high efficacy to clean up water and to protect the environment. Biocarbon (BC), a material with high specific surface area and large porosity, has some potential for removing water pollutants, but it also has many limitations. However, biocarbon-based composites can be tailored and may have a greater potential for removing contaminants in water. ZnO biochar and TiO2 biochar nanocomposites have been shown to effectively remove harmful chemical substances, such as industrial dyes, and additionally kill potential pathogenic bacteria[2–8]. In this project, we combined TiO2 and ZnO with biochar to create an active nanocomposite surface to see if this could be a cost-effective method to deactivate bacteria and degrade specific dyes. We present the fabrication and examination of TiO2/biochar (BC) and ZnO/BC composite photocatalysts, synthesized via hydrolysis technique. These catalysts were designed for the purpose of methyl orange (MO) degradation and bacterial strain inactivation. A comprehensive assessment of these catalysts was carried out using a number of sophisticated methods, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV-Vis spectrophotometry for evaluation of degradation. Moreover, the direct contact method was used for antibacterial analysis. Our findings underline the exceptional properties of these composites for water decontamination and antibacterial efficacy. The nanocomposites showed remarkable photocatalytic performance in MO removal from wastewater, achieving a superior removal efficiency of 92%, as shown in Figure 1. This can be attributed to their outstanding electron transfer efficacy. In addition, the TiO2/BC and ZnO/BC nanocomposites manifested robust antibacterial properties, and they showed an antibacterial effectiveness of 85% against Escherichia coli (E. coli) (Table 1). This research highlights the promising potential of TiO2/BC and ZnO/BC nanocomposites as eco-friendly and multifaceted materials, suggesting a wide range of potential applications in water purification and antibacterial activity. Acknowledgments: The authors acknowledge the research grants from project # 6000237-13 Figure: Figure 1. Photocatalytic degradation of MO (initial concentration; 20 mg/L) under solar light irradiation, a) Pure BC and TiO2, and composite TiO2/BC catalysts, b) Pure BC and ZnO, and ZnO/BC catalysts. Table: Table 1. Antimicrobial efficiency of 5 different catalysts against E. coli. References [1] A. S. Eltaweil, I. M. Mamdouh, E. M. Abd El-Monaem, and G. M. El-Subruiti, “Highly Efficient Removal for Methylene Blue and Cu2+onto UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework/Carboxylated Graphene Oxide-Incorporated Sodium Alginate Beads,” ACS Omega, 2021, doi: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03479. [2] J. Hidalgo-Jimenez et al., “Phase transformations, vacancy formation and variations of optical and photocatalytic properties in TiO2-ZnO composites by high-pressure torsion,” Int J Plast, vol. 124, pp. 170–185, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ijplas.2019.08.010. [3] A. S. Eltaweil, A. M. Abdelfatah, M. Hosny, and M. Fawzy, “Novel Biogenic Synthesis of a Ag@Biochar Nanocomposite as an Antimicrobial Agent and Photocatalyst for Methylene Blue Degradation,” ACS Omega, vol. 7, no. 9, pp. 8046–8059, Mar. 2022, doi: 10.1021/acsomega.1c07209. [4] S. Riaz and S. J. Park, “An overview of TiO2-based photocatalytic membrane reactors for water and wastewater treatments,” Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, vol. 84. Korean Society of Industrial Engineering Chemistry, pp. 23–41, Apr. 25, 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.12.021. [5] L. Lu, R. Shan, Y. Shi, S. Wang, and H. Yuan, “A novel TiO2/biochar composite catalysts for photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange,” Chemosphere, vol. 222, pp. 391–398, May 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.132. [6] R. Zha, R. Nadimicherla, and X. Guo, “Ultraviolet photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange by nanostructured TiO2/ZnO heterojunctions,” J Mater Chem A Mater, vol. 3, no. 12, pp. 6565–6574, Mar. 2015, doi: 10.1039/c5ta00764j. [7] J. Liu et al., “Preparation, environmental application and prospect of biochar-supported metal nanoparticles: A review,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 388. Elsevier B.V., Apr. 15, 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122026. [8] J. Liu et al., “Preparation, environmental application and prospect of biochar-supported metal nanoparticles: A review,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 388. Elsevier B.V., Apr. 15, 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122026. Figure 1

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10

Bazan-Wozniak, Aleksandra, Judyta Cielecka-Piontek, Agnieszka Nosal-Wiercińska, and Robert Pietrzak. "Microporous Biocarbons Derived from Inonotus obliquus Mushroom and Their Application in the Removal of Liquid and Gaseous Impurities." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 24 (December 13, 2022): 15788. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415788.

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Анотація:

Biocarbons were obtained by physical and chemical activation of the residue of the extraction of chaga fungi (Inonotus obliquus). The residue was subjected to heat treatment carried out in a microwave oven and in a quartz tubular reactor. The materials were characterized by elemental analysis, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, determination of pH, and the contents of acidic and basic oxygen functional groups on the surface of biocarbons by the Boehm method. The final biocarbon adsorbents have surface areas varying from 521–1004 m2/g. The physical activation of the precursor led to a strongly basic character of the surface. Chemical activation of Inonotus obliquus promoted the generation of acid functional groups. All biocarbons were used for methyl red sodium salt adsorption from the liquid phase. The sorption capacities of biocarbons towards the organic dye studied varied from 77 to 158 mg/g. The Langmuir model was found to better describe the experimental results. The results of the kinetic analysis showed that the adsorption of methyl red sodium salt on the biocarbons followed the pseudo-second-order model. The acidic environment was conducive to the adsorption of the dye on the obtained biocarbons. Moreover, thermodynamic studies confirmed that the organic dye adsorption on the biocarbons was a spontaneous endothermic process. The biocarbons obtained were also tested as adsorbents of hydrogen sulfide in dry and wet conditions. The sorption capacities towards hydrogen sulfide varied in the range of 21.9–77.9 mg. The results have shown that the adsorption of hydrogen sulfide depends on the process conditions and the activation procedure of biocarbons (method of activation and thermochemical treatment of samples). It has been shown that the initial material used can be a new precursor for obtaining cheap and—more importantly—universal bioadsorbents characterized by high effectiveness in the removal of air and water pollutants.

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11

Bo, Lili, Lumei Pu, Yusen Hu, Fang Nian, Zhixia Zhang, Ping Li, and Jinhui Tong. "Hydrangea like composite catalysts of ultrathin Mo2S3 nanosheets assembled on N, S-dual-doped graphitic biocarbon spheres with highly electrocatalytic activity for HER." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 47, no. 10 (February 2022): 6700–6709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.12.042.

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12

Pahnila, Mika, Aki Koskela, Petri Sulasalmi, and Timo Fabritius. "A Review of Pyrolysis Technologies and the Effect of Process Parameters on Biocarbon Properties." Energies 16, no. 19 (October 3, 2023): 6936. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16196936.

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Biomass-based solutions have been discussed as having the potential to replace fossil-based solutions in the iron and steel industry. To produce the biocarbon required in these processes, thermochemical treatment, pyrolysis, typically takes place. There are various ways to produce biocarbon, alongside other products, which are called pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas. These conversion methods can be divided into conventional and non-conventional methods. In this paper, those techniques and technologies to produce biocarbon are summarized and reviewed. Additionally, the effect of different process parameters and their effect on biocarbon yield and properties are summarized. The process parameters considered were final pyrolysis temperature, heating rate, reaction atmosphere, pressure, catalyst, use of binders, and particle size. Finally, the effect of different reactor configurations is discussed. Understanding the combination of these methods, technology parameters, and reactor configurations will help to produce biocarbon with the desired quality and highest yield possible.

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13

Wang, Keping, Mei Wu, Yixuan Liu, Ying Yang, and Hu Li. "Magnetic solid sulfonic acid-enabled direct catalytic production of biomass-derived N-substituted pyrroles." New Journal of Chemistry 46, no. 11 (2022): 5312–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1nj05828b.

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14

Dahal, Raj Kumar, Bishnu Acharya, and Animesh Dutta. "The Interaction Effect of the Design Parameters on the Water Absorption of the Hemp-Reinforced Biocarbon-Filled Bio-Epoxy Composites." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 7 (March 23, 2023): 6093. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076093.

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Natural fiber-reinforced composites perform poorly when exposed to moisture. Biocarbon has been proven to improve the water-absorbing behavior of natural fiber composites. However, the interaction effect of the design parameters on the biocarbon-filled hemp fiber-reinforced bio-epoxy composites has not been studied. In this study, the effects of the design parameters (pyrolysis temperature, biocarbon particle size, and filler loading) on the water absorptivity and water diffusivity of hemp-reinforced biopolymer composites have been investigated. Biocarbon from the pyrolysis of hemp and switchgrass was produced at 450, 550, and 650 °C. Composite samples with 10 wt.%, 15 wt.%, and 20 wt.% of biocarbon fillers of sizes below 50, 75, and 100 microns were used. The hemp fiber in polymer composites showed a significant influence in its water uptake behavior with the value of water absorptivity 2.41 × 10−6 g/m2.s1/2. The incorporation of biocarbon fillers in the hemp biopolymer composites reduces the average water absorptivity by 44.17% and diffusivity by 42.02%. At the optimized conditions, the value of water absorptivity with hemp biocarbon and switchgrass biocarbon fillers was found to be 0.72 × 10−6 g/m2.s1/2 and 0.73 × 10−6 g/m2.s1/2, respectively. The biocarbon at 650 °C showed the least composite thickness swelling due to its higher porosity and lower surface area. Biocarbon-filled hemp composites showed higher flexural strength and energy at the break due to the enhanced mechanical interlocking between the filler particles and the matrix materials. Smaller filler particle size lowered the composite’s water diffusivity, whereas the larger particle size of the biocarbon fillers in composites minimizes the water absorption. Additionally, higher filler loading results in weaker composite tensile energy at the break due to the filler agglomeration, reduced polymer-filler interactions, reduced polymer chain mobility, and inadequate dispersion of the filler.

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15

Codou, Amandine, Jean-Mathieu Pin, Manjusri Misra, and Amar K. Mohanty. "Impact of temperature and in situ FeCo catalysis on the architecture and Young's modulus of model wood-based biocarbon." Green Chemistry 23, no. 8 (2021): 3015–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0gc04307a.

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16

Liu, Huan, He Lv, Kan Kan, Yang Liu, Weijun Zhang, Yang Wang, Muhammad Ikram, Lijuan Du, Keying Shi, and Hai-tao Yu. "Biocarbon-templated synthesis of porous Ni–Co-O nanocomposites for room-temperature NH3 sensors." New Journal of Chemistry 42, no. 21 (2018): 17606–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nj03832e.

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17

Boubkr, Lahcen, Arvind K. Bhakta, Youssef Snoussi, Cora Moreira Da Silva, Laurent Michely, Mohamed Jouini, Souad Ammar, and Mohamed M. Chehimi. "Highly Active Ag-Cu Nanocrystal Catalyst-Coated Brewer’s Spent Grain Biochar for the Mineralization of Methyl Orange and Methylene Blue Dye Mixture." Catalysts 12, no. 11 (November 18, 2022): 1475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12111475.

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The aim of the present work is to valorise the brewing industry’s waste, i.e., brewer’s spent grain (BSG), into functional biocarbon for environmental catalysis applications. In this context, cost-effective and environmentally friendly biochar support coated with in-situ-generated Ag-Cu nanocrystals, was developed via the wet impregnation of BSG biomass powder with copper (II) nitrate trihydrate and silver nitrate aqueous solution prior to pyrolysis at moderate temperature (500 °C). Small-size homogenously distributed Ag-Cu nanocrystals (≤80 nm) on the surface of the biochar (Biochar@Ag-Cu) were observed by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Elemental compositions were determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The crystalline nature of the nanoparticles was confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). Information about the thermal stability of the materials and quality were obtained by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Raman, respectively. The potentiality of the Biochar@Ag-Cu catalyst in the field of pollutant removal is demonstrated by taking methyl orange and methylene blue as model dyes. A kinetics study was performed and analyzed by UV–vis spectroscopy. Its highly active catalytic nature is proved by the complete mineralization of the methyl orange dye (100%) through oxidative degradation. The reusability of the catalyst has shown 96% removal efficiency after 3 cycles. The linear plot of −Ln (CA/C0) vs. time (R2 = 0.9892) reveals that the mineralization of the methyl orange dye follows pseudo-first-order kinetics (k = 0.603 × 10−2 min−1). A methyl orange + methylene blue dye mixture degradation study has revealed the faster kinetics of the present catalyst towards methylene blue degradation. The current study suggests that BSG Biochar@Ag-Cu can be a potential candidate in contribution towards SDG 6.

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18

Liang, Song, Zhi-Da Wang, Zhong-Feng Guo, Xin-Yu Chen, Si-Qi Li, Bing-Di Wang, Guo-Long Lu, Hang Sun, Zhen-Ning Liu, and Hong-Ying Zang. "N-Doped porous biocarbon materials derived from soya peptone as efficient electrocatalysts for the ORR." New Journal of Chemistry 45, no. 8 (2021): 3947–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nj06080a.

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19

Tiihonen, Armi, Virpi Siipola, Katja Lahtinen, Heikki Pajari, Petri Widsten, Tarja Tamminen, Tanja Kallio, and Kati Miettunen. "Biocarbon from brewery residues as a counter electrode catalyst in dye solar cells." Electrochimica Acta 368 (February 2021): 137583. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137583.

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20

Kumar, Adarsh, Vishakha Goyal, Naina Sarki, Baint Singh, Anjan Ray, Thallada Bhaskar, Ankur Bordoloi, Anand Narani, and Kishore Natte. "Biocarbon Supported Nanoscale Ruthenium Oxide-Based Catalyst for Clean Hydrogenation of Arenes and Heteroarenes." ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 8, no. 41 (September 25, 2020): 15740–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c05773.

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21

Cai, Xiaosen, Binhao Qin, Yuhang Li, Qiao Zhang, Guangxing Yang, Hongjuan Wang, Yonghai Cao, Hao Yu, and Feng Peng. "Chlorine‐Promoted Nitrogen and Sulfur Co‐Doped Biocarbon Catalyst for Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction." ChemElectroChem 7, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 320–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/celc.201901667.

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22

Ma’rifah, Yulia Nurul, Iryanti Nata, Hesti Wijayanti, Agus Mirwan, Chairul Irawan, Meilana Dharma Putra, and Kawakita Hidetaka. "One-step Synthesis to Enhance the Acidity of a Biocarbon-based Sulfonated Solid Acid Catalyst." International Journal of Technology 10, no. 3 (May 24, 2019): 512. http://dx.doi.org/10.14716/ijtech.v10i3.2924.

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23

Jin, Yanghao, Hanmin Yang, Shuo Guo, Ziyi Shi, Tong Han, Ritambhara Gond, Pär G. Jönsson, and Weihong Yang. "Carbon and H2 recoveries from plastic waste by using a metal-free porous biocarbon catalyst." Journal of Cleaner Production 404 (June 2023): 136926. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.136926.

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24

Shpeizman, V. V., T. S. Orlova, B. I. Smirnov, A. Gutierrez-Pardo, and J. Ramirez-Rico. "Strength and microplasticity of biocarbons prepared by carbonization in the presence of a catalyst." Physics of the Solid State 58, no. 4 (April 2016): 703–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063783416040223.

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25

Xie, Yi, Linli Dai, Tonghui Xie, Yongkui Zhang, Yabo Wang, and Huan Yang. "Ni2P/biocarbon composite derived from an unusual phosphorus-rich precursor as a superior catalyst for 4-nitrophenol reduction." Chemical Engineering Journal Advances 9 (March 2022): 100238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceja.2021.100238.

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26

Lin, Y., H. Tian, J. Qian, M. Yu, T. Hu, U. Lassi, Z. Chen та Z. Wu. "Biocarbon-directed vertical δ-MnO2 nanoflakes for boosting lithium-ion diffusion kinetics". Materials Today Chemistry 26 (грудень 2022): 101023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mtchem.2022.101023.

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27

Yang, Wei, Yingying Dong, Jun Li, Qian Fu, and Liang Zhang. "Templating synthesis of hierarchically meso/macroporous N-doped microalgae derived biocarbon as oxygen reduction reaction catalyst for microbial fuel cells." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 46, no. 2 (January 2021): 2530–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.10.087.

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28

Wang, Dingwei, Mingyu Luo, Lianghong Yue, Jun Wei, Xiangyang Zhang, and Jinjun Cai. "Co-embedded N-doped hierarchical porous biocarbons: Facile synthesis and used as highly efficient catalysts for levulinic acid hydrogenation." Fuel 329 (December 2022): 125364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.125364.

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29

Popov, V. V., T. S. Orlova, A. Gutierrez-Pardo, and J. Ramirez-Rico. "Features of electrical properties of BE-C(Fe) biocarbons carbonized in the presence of an Fe-containing catalyst." Physics of the Solid State 59, no. 4 (April 2017): 703–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063783417040205.

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30

Orlova, T. S., L. S. Parfen’eva, B. I. Smirnov, A. Gutierrez-Pardo, and J. Ramirez-Rico. "Thermal conductivity of partially graphitized biocarbon obtained by carbonization of medium-density fiberboard in the presence of a Ni-based catalyst." Physics of the Solid State 58, no. 1 (January 2016): 208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063783416010236.

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31

Wang, Chencheng, Ning Wang, Huicheng Ni, Congcong Yao, Junchao Qian, Jianqiang Wei, Jianping Chen, and Zhiren Wu. "Construction and Synthesis of MoS2/Biocarbon Composites for Efficient Visible Light-Driven Catalytic Degradation of Humic Acid." Catalysts 12, no. 11 (November 12, 2022): 1423. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12111423.

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MoS2/bio-template carbon composite materials with outstanding photocatalytic degradation performance were constructed and synthesized by an impregnation–hydrothermal–calcination (IHC) method. Composites of the same type were synthesized by a direct-impregnation–calcination (DIC) method for comparison. The results showed that calcination process was obtained from biotemplate carbon with preserved structure. IHC method obtained petal-like MoS2, while DIC method obtained needle-like MoS2. The composite material exhibits adsorption–catalytic degradation performance. Driven by visible light, the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of the composites synthesized by IHC method for humic acid reached 98.73% after 150 min of illumination.

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32

Li, Haiming, Tailin Wang, Xue Wang, Guangda Li, Jianxing Shen, and Jinling Chai. "Na 2 FePO 4 F/Biocarbon Nanocomposite Hollow Microspheres Derived from Biological Cell Template as High‐Performance Cathode Material for Sodium‐Ion Batteries." Chemistry – A European Journal 27, no. 35 (May 21, 2021): 9022–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.202100096.

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33

Graul, Théodore, Maria Gonzalez Martinez, and Ange Nzihou. "Nickel and Iron‐Doped Biocarbon Catalysts for Reverse Water‐Gas Shift Reaction." ChemCatChem, February 8, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cctc.202301398.

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Biocarbon catalysts for reverse water‐gas shift reaction (RWGS) were produced from pyrolyzed fern and willow impregnated with iron and nickel nitrates. This reaction can partake during Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis (FTS) by consuming CO2 and lowering both the H2/CO ratio and the efficiency in the production of fuels. RWGS has attracted much attention to widespread utilization of CO2 through the production of syngas. The catalysts were therefore tested in a fixed‐bed reactor at 400°C as it is the maximal temperature for FTS and high RWGS. They showed high selectivity towards CO (>84%) and fair conversion (<17%) compared to rust (81%, 30%, respectively) and Fe‐impregnated alumina (100%, 8%). No loss in selectivity and conversion was observed for a longer residence time (288h). Biomass inherent metals could provide reactive gas adsorption sites that improve conversion by dispersing electrons which reduces adsorption and dissociation energy barriers. K, Mg and Ca in fern biocarbon catalysts may be related to the higher CO2 uptake compared to willow catalysts. Electron deficient sites produced by reduction of biocarbon oxygen functional groups may facilitate CO2 uptake and activation. Ni‐impregnated fern‐based biocarbon showed the highest activity, due to the synergetic effect of the inherent metals, O vacancies and strong metal‐carbon interactions.

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34

Tan, Mingxiu, Qing Wang, Shasha Wang, Wuxin Liu, Dengyang Wang, Shaohua Luo, Pengqing Hou, et al. "Ternary (N, B, F)-Doped Biocarbon Derived from Bean Residues as Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Reactions." Journal of The Electrochemical Society, September 21, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac93ba.

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Abstract Development of efficient metal-free carbon-based electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are of great significance for Zn-air batteries. Herein, a porous biocarbon bifunctional catalyst (C-NBF-G) was directly synthesized via simple alkali activation and carbonization from bean residues. C-NBF-G exhibited hierarchical porous structures, ternary heteroatom (N, B, and F) doping, a large specific surface area, and a relatively high degree of graphitization. The synergistic action of these characteristics contributed to the outstanding catalytic properties of C-NBF-G for ORR and OER. The catalyst demonstrated an onset potential of 0.94 V, half-wave potential of 0.824 V, and a limiting current density of 5.92 mA cm-2, comparable to those of the commercial 20 wt% Pt/C catalysts. C-NBF-G also exhibited an OER overpotential of 333 mV at 10 mA cm-2 and a Tafel slope of 114 mV dec-1, lower than those of the commercial Pt/C and RuO2 catalysts. These results proved the promising performance of C-NBF-G as a bifunctional catalyst for the ORR and OER.

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35

Johnson, Robert L., Kyle Castillo, Christian Castillo, Quang-Vu Bach, Cassidy Hihara, Liang Wang, Øyvind Skreiberg, and Scott Q. Turn. "Biocarbon Production via Plasticized Biochar: Roles of Feedstock, Water Content, Catalysts, and Reaction Time." Energy & Fuels, September 28, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.3c01660.

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36

Guo, Haixin, Yuto Inoue, Yukiya Isoda, Tetsuo Honma, and Richard Lee Smith Jr. "Upcycling of spent functional biocarbon adsorbents to catalysts for conversion of C5/C6 carbohydrates into platform chemicals." RSC Sustainability, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3su00004d.

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Upcycling of spent heavy metal functional carbon adsorbents for use in catalytic applications must be considered to avoid hazardous waste and to develop circular economies. In this work, amino-Brønsted acid...

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37

Regadera-Macías, Ana M., Sergio Morales-Torres, Luisa M. Pastrana-Martínez, and Francisco J. Maldonado-Hódar. "Ethylene Removal by Adsorption and Photocatalytic Oxidation using Biocarbon –TiO2 Nanocomposites." Catalysis Today, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2022.10.014.

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38

Huang, Jinshu, Yumei Jian, and Hu Li. "A New Lamellar Biocarbon Catalyst with Enhanced Acidity and Contact Sites for Efficient Biodiesel Production." Waste and Biomass Valorization, April 25, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12649-022-01783-0.

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39

Huang, Jinshu, Yumei Jian, and Hu Li. "A New Lamellar Biocarbon Catalyst with Enhanced Acidity and Contact Sites for Efficient Biodiesel Production." Waste and Biomass Valorization, April 25, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12649-022-01783-0.

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40

"Biocarbon from Sewage Sludge As Anode Catalyst for the Production of Bioelectricity in an MFC." ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2019-02/36/1648.

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41

Iurchenkova, Anna, Anna Kobets, Zahra Ahaliabadeh, Janez Kozir, Ekaterina Laakso, Tommi Virtanen, Virpi Siipola, Jouko Lahtinen, and Tanja Kallio. "The effect of the pyrolysis temperature and biomass type on the biocarbons characteristics." ChemSusChem, December 21, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202301005.

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The conversion of biomass and natural wastes into carbon‐based materials for various applications such as catalysts and energy‐related materials is a fascinating and sustainable approach emerged during recent years. Precursor nature and characteristics are complex, hence, their effect on the properties of resulting materials is still unclear. In this work, we have investigated the effect of different precursors and pyrolysis temperature on the properties of produced carbon materials and their potential application as negative electrode materials in Li‐ion batteries. Three biomasses, lignocellulosic brewery spent grain from a local brewery, catechol‐rich lignin and tannins, were selected for investigations. We show that such end‐product carbon characteristic as functional and elemental composition, porosity, specific surface area, defectiveness level, and morphology strictly depend on the precursor composition, chemical structure, and pyrolysis temperature. The electrochemical characteristics of produced carbon materials are correlate with the characteristics of the produced materials. A higher pyrolysis temperature is shown to be favourable for production of carbon material for the Li‐ion battery application in terms of both specific surface area and long‐term cycling stability.

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42

Fuku, Xolile, Mmalewane Modibedi, Andile Mkhohlakali, and Mkhulu Mathe. "Co-existence of Pd, Bi2O3 and CuO supported on porous activated biocarbon for electrochemical conversion and energy storage." New Journal of Chemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1nj02184b.

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