Статті в журналах: "Biobased chemicals"

1

TULLO, ALEXANDER H. "CATALYZING BIOBASED CHEMICALS." Chemical & Engineering News 88, no. 38 (September 20, 2010): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v088n038.p015.

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2

de Regil, Rubén, and Georgina Sandoval. "Biocatalysis for Biobased Chemicals." Biomolecules 3, no. 4 (October 17, 2013): 812–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom3040812.

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3

MCCOY, MICHAEL. "COMPANIES ADVANCE BIOBASED CHEMICALS." Chemical & Engineering News Archive 89, no. 17 (April 25, 2011): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v089n017.p008.

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4

Michael McCoy. "Cargill, Virent eye biobased chemicals." C&EN Global Enterprise 98, no. 39 (October 12, 2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-09839-buscon13.

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5

Abbas, Charles, and Paul Roessler. "Session 5 Biobased Industrial Chemicals." Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 123, no. 1-3 (2005): 0781–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/abab:123:1-3:0781.

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6

Verduyckt, Jasper, and Dirk E. De Vos. "Controlled defunctionalisation of biobased organic acids." Chemical Communications 53, no. 42 (2017): 5682–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cc01380a.

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Considerable progress has been made in the field of hydrogenation, decarboxylation and deamination of both citric and amino acids to valuable chemicals, which is why they should be (re)considered as valid biobased platform chemicals.

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7

Diamond, Gary, Alfred Hagemeyer, Vince Murphy, and Valery Sokolovskii. "Catalytic Conversion of Biorenewable Sugar Feedstocks into Market Chemicals." Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening 21, no. 9 (January 21, 2019): 616–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1386207322666181219155050.

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The transformation of low cost sugar feedstocks into market chemicals and monomers for existing or novel high performance polymers by chemical catalysis is reviewed. Emphasis is given to industrially relevant, continuous flow, trickle bed processes. Since long-term catalyst stability under hydrothermal conditions is an important issue to be addressed in liquid phase catalysis using carbohydrate feedstocks, we will primarily discuss the results of catalytic performance for prolonged times on stream. In particular, the selective aerobic oxidation of glucose to glucaric acid and the subsequent selective hydrogenation to adipic acid is reviewed. Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), which is readily available from fructose, can be upgraded by oxidation to furan dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) or by consecutive reduction and hydrogenolysis to hexanetriol (HTO) followed by hydrogenolysis to biobased hexanediol (HDO). Direct amination of HDO yields biobased hexamethylene diamine (HMDA). Aerobic oxidation of HDO represents an alternative route to biobased adipic acid. HMDA and adipic acid are the monomers required for the production of nylon- 6,6, a major polymer for engineering and fibre applications.

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8

Mourao Vilela, Carlos, Evert Boymans, and Berend Vreugdenhil. "Co-Production of Aromatics in Biomass and Waste Gasification." Processes 9, no. 3 (March 4, 2021): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9030463.

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Climate changes will have a huge impact on society, one that cannot be truly predicted. However, what is known is that our dependence on fossil feedstock for energy, fuel and chemical production will need to shift towards more biobased and circular feedstock. This paper describes part of an important technology development that uses biogenic and plastic-containing waste streams for the co-production of aromatics with fuels and/or chemicals. This paper captures the first decade of this technology development from idea towards a large Process Demonstration Unit operated and validated within a large gasification R&D infrastructure. The scale-up was successful, with supporting tools to optimize and identify the limits of the technology. Benzene and toluene are directly removed from the product gas with 97% and 99% efficiency, respectively. The next steps will be to include this development in larger piloting and demonstrations for the co-production of aromatics from biomass gasification (biobased chemicals) or aromatics from plastic-containing waste gasification (circular chemicals).

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9

Sag, Jacob, Daniela Goedderz, Philipp Kukla, Lara Greiner, Frank Schönberger, and Manfred Döring. "Phosphorus-Containing Flame Retardants from Biobased Chemicals and Their Application in Polyesters and Epoxy Resins." Molecules 24, no. 20 (October 17, 2019): 3746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24203746.

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Phosphorus-containing flame retardants synthesized from renewable resources have had a lot of impact in recent years. This article outlines the synthesis, characterization and evaluation of these compounds in polyesters and epoxy resins. The different approaches used in producing biobased flame retardant polyesters and epoxy resins are reported. While for the polyesters biomass derived compounds usually are phosphorylated and melt blended with the polymer, biobased flame retardants for epoxy resins are directly incorporated into the polymer structure by a using a phosphorylated biobased monomer or curing agent. Evaluating the efficiency of the flame retardant composites is done by discussing results obtained from UL94 vertical burning, limiting oxygen index (LOI) and cone calorimetry tests. The review ends with an outlook on future development trends of biobased flame retardant systems for polyesters and epoxy resins.

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10

Meuwese, Anne M., Niels J. Schenk, Henri C. Moll, and Anton J. M. Schoot Uiterkamp. "Biobased Chemicals in a Carbon-Restricted World." Environmental Science & Technology 47, no. 22 (October 30, 2013): 12623–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es4039566.

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11

Sudolsky, David. "Commercializing Renewable Aromatics for Biofuels, Biobased Chemicals and Plastics Chemical Recycling." Industrial Biotechnology 15, no. 6 (December 1, 2019): 330–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ind.2019.29192.dsu.

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12

van Vugt-Lussenburg, Barbara M. A., Daan S. van Es, Matthijs Naderman, Jerome le Notre, Frits van der Klis, Abraham Brouwer, and Bart van der Burg. "Endocrine activities of phthalate alternatives; assessing the safety profile of furan dicarboxylic acid esters using a panel of human cell based reporter gene assays." Green Chemistry 22, no. 6 (2020): 1873–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9gc04348a.

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13

Krawielitzki, Stefan. "AVA Biochem, Pioneer in Industrial Biobased Furan Chemistry." CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 74, no. 10 (October 28, 2020): 776–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2020.776.

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Swiss-based AVA Biochem AG is the global leader in the industrial production and sale of the bio-based platform chemical 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), a renewable and non-toxic alternative to a range of petroleum-based materials. 5-HMF has a broad range of applications in the chemical, pharmaceutical and food industries. Since 2014 AVA Biochem has been producing high-purity 5-HMF for research purposes and specialty chemicals markets, as well as technical-grade 5-HMF for bulk chemistry applications. AVA Biochem's own R&D department also develops the downstream chemistry of 5-HMF and thus opens the door to biobased furan chemistry on an industrial scale.

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14

Huang, Yi-Min, Guang-Hui Lu, Min-Hua Zong, Wen-Jing Cui, and Ning Li. "A plug-and-play chemobiocatalytic route for the one-pot controllable synthesis of biobased C4 chemicals from furfural." Green Chemistry 23, no. 21 (2021): 8604–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1gc03001a.

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15

Liang, Jianguang, Jingjian Zha, Nana Zhao, Zhengyu Tang, Yucai He, and Cuiluan Ma. "Valorization of Waste Lignocellulose to Furfural by Sulfonated Biobased Heterogeneous Catalyst Using Ultrasonic-Treated Chestnut Shell Waste as Carrier." Processes 9, no. 12 (December 17, 2021): 2269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9122269.

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Recently, the highly efficient production of value-added biobased chemicals from available, inexpensive, and renewable biomass has gained more and more attention in a sustainable catalytic process. Furfural is a versatile biobased chemical, which has been widely used for making solvents, lubricants, inks, adhesives, antacids, polymers, plastics, fuels, fragrances, flavors, fungicides, fertilizers, nematicides, agrochemicals, and pharmaceuticals. In this work, ultrasonic-treated chestnut shell waste (UTS-CSW) was utilized as biobased support to prepare biomass-based heterogeneous catalyst (CSUTS-CSW) for transforming waste lignocellulosic materials into furfural. The pore and surface properties of CSUTS-CSW were characterized with BET, SEM, XRD, and FT-IR. In toluene–water (2:1, v:v; pH 1.0), CSUTS-CSW (3.6 wt%) converted corncob into furfural yield in the yield of 68.7% at 180 °C in 15 min. CSUTS-CSW had high activity and thermostability, which could be recycled and reused for seven batches. From first to seventh, the yields were obtained from 68.7 to 47.5%. Clearly, this biobased solid acid CSUTS-CSW could be used for the sustainable conversion of waste biomasses into furfural, which had potential application in future.

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16

Muryanto, M., F. Amelia, M. N. Izzah, R. Maryana, E. Triwahyuni, T. B. Bardant, E. Filailla, Y. Sudiyani, and M. Gozan. "Delignification of empty fruit bunch using deep eutectic solvent for biobased-chemical production." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1108, no. 1 (November 1, 2022): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1108/1/012013.

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Abstract Lignocellulose biomass was a potential feedstock for biobased chemicals substituting fossil-based chemicals. Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) is the largest lignocellulose biomass from oil palm waste. Lignocellulose contains cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Pretreatment is one of the steps in the bioconversion of lignocellulose material. Pretreatment aims to reduce lignin in lignocellulose because lignin can inhibit biomass conversion. The objection of this research is to conduct pretreatment by deep eutectic solvent (DES). DES is the green solvent widely used for biomass conversion. The pretreatment process was conducted at various temperatures and processing times. The delignification of EFB by using DES in 100°C, 120°C, and 150°C pretreatment temperature was 30.67%, 40.60%, and 44.05% respectively. This pretreated-EFB can be used further for biobased chemicals such as glucose, ethanol, or furfural.

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17

Bergeson, L. L. "Regulatory Opportunities and Challenges in Commercialising Biobased Chemicals." International Chemical Regulatory and Law Review 2, no. 1 (2019): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21552/icrl/2019/1/6.

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18

Van Schoubroeck, Sophie, Miet Van Dael, Steven Van Passel, and Robert Malina. "A review of sustainability indicators for biobased chemicals." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 94 (October 2018): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.06.007.

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19

Khalil, Ibrahim, Greg Quintens, Tanja Junkers, and Michiel Dusselier. "Muconic acid isomers as platform chemicals and monomers in the biobased economy." Green Chemistry 22, no. 5 (2020): 1517–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9gc04161c.

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20

Lopez, Lauren M., Brent H. Shanks, and Linda J. Broadbelt. "Identification of bioprivileged molecules: expansion of a computational approach to broader molecular space." Molecular Systems Design & Engineering 6, no. 6 (2021): 445–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1me00013f.

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21

Schwartz, Thomas J., Brent H. Shanks, and James A. Dumesic. "Coupling chemical and biological catalysis: a flexible paradigm for producing biobased chemicals." Current Opinion in Biotechnology 38 (April 2016): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2015.12.017.

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22

Kamm, Birgit. "Biorefineries – their scenarios and challenges." Pure and Applied Chemistry 86, no. 5 (May 19, 2014): 821–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2013-1035.

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AbstractSince crude oil and biomass differ in various properties, new primary fractionation methods of biomass, secondary conversion pathways and processes have to be developed. Biorefineries combine the necessary technologies of the biogenic raw materials with those of intermediates and final products. The chemical industry is experiencing a fundamental shift as cost competitive biobased platform chemicals become a commercial reality. The paper is focused on lignocellulosic feedstock and green biomass biorefinery concepts, which are favored in research, development and industrial implementation. The production of aromatic platform chemicals, such as furfural, hydroxymethylfurfural and derivatives as well as aliphatic platform chemicals, such as levulinic acid and formic acid is described. Futhermore, functional products, such as proteins and biotechnological produced platform chemicals are considered.

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23

He, Wei, Yucai He, and Jianren Ye. "Efficient Synthesis of Biobased Furoic Acid from Corncob via Chemoenzymatic Approach." Processes 10, no. 4 (March 30, 2022): 677. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10040677.

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Valorization of lignocellulosic materials into value-added biobased chemicals is attracting increasing attention in the sustainable chemical industry. As an important building block, furoic acid has been commonly utilized to manufacture polymers, flavors, perfumes, bactericides, fungicides, etc. It is generally produced through the selective oxidation of furfural. In this study, we provide the results of the conversion of biomass-based xylose to furoic acid in a chemoenzymatic cascade reaction with the use of a heterogeneous chemocatalyst and a dehydrogenase biocatalyst. For this purpose, NaOH-treated waste shrimp shell was used as a biobased carrier to prepare high activity and thermostability of biobased solid acid catalysts (Sn-DAT-SS) for the dehydration of corncob-valorized xylose into furfural at 170 °C in 30 min. Subsequently, xylose-derived furfural and its derivative furfuryl alcohol were wholly oxidized into furoic acid with whole cells of E. coli HMFOMUT at 30 °C and pH 7.0. The productivity of furoic acid was 0.35 g furoic acid/(g xylan in corncob). This established chemoenzymatic process could be utilized to efficiently valorize biomass into value-added furoic acid.

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24

McKeown, Paul, and Matthew D. Jones. "The Chemical Recycling of PLA: A Review." Sustainable Chemistry 1, no. 1 (May 2, 2020): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/suschem1010001.

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Plastics are an indispensable material with numerous benefits and advantages compared to traditional materials, such as glass and paper. However, their widespread use has caused significant environmental pollution and most plastics are currently nonrenewable. Biobased polymers represent an important step for tackling these issues, however, the end-of-life disposal of such materials needs to be critically considered to allow for a transition to a circular economy for plastics. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is an important example of a biobased polymer, which is also biodegradable. However, industrial composting of PLA affords water and carbon dioxide only and in the natural environment, PLA has a slow biodegradation rate. Therefore, recycling processes are important for PLA, particularly chemical recycling, which affords monomers and useful platform chemicals, maintaining the usefulness and value of the material. This review covers the different methods of PLA chemical recycling, highlighting recent trends and advances in the area.

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25

Wegscheider, Zdenek, and Mojmir Sabolovic. "BIOBASED ECONOMY AVAILABLE BIOMASS RESOURCES IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC." Journal of Business Economics and Management 7, no. 3 (September 30, 2006): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16111699.2006.9636136.

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During the past two decades academia, industry and government have aimed more and more their attention to the phenomenon of a biobased economy providing society with non‐food biobased products. Now developing are biomass industries that make an array of commercial products, including fuels, electricity, chemicals, adhesives, lubricants and building materials, as well as new clothing fibers and plastics. Instead of fossil resources “green” biobased economy uses renewable grown or waste biomass. The lead supplying role to the biobased economy is held by a sector of agriculture, above all the crop production. In this manner an effective limitation of food surplus may occur in the EU market and enhance a value added to all vertical industry. Industrial‐scale production of biobased materials in time with consumers’ changing attitudes towards sustainable economic and social development may affect a wide array of consequences which nowadays can be tediously estimated. Food safety along with food security is one of the hottest issues especially in the United States, knowing that human population and biobased economy compete in using and processing a broad range of agricultural crops. An energy analysis aspect of this caloric relationship among agricultural sector on the supply side and human population and biobased economy on the other – demand side is assumed to represent the principal aim of this study. Consequently, there is the need to evaluate whether a quantity of Czech Crop Output Total is possible to nourish the Czech population and whether there is an available caloric surplus suitable as a biomass resource for biobased economy which is actually taking root.

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26

Vedovato, Vincent, Karolien Vanbroekhoven, Deepak Pant, and Joost Helsen. "Electrosynthesis of Biobased Chemicals Using Carbohydrates as a Feedstock." Molecules 25, no. 16 (August 14, 2020): 3712. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25163712.

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The current climate awareness coupled with increased focus on renewable energy and biobased chemicals have led to an increased demand for such biomass derived products. Electrosynthesis is a relatively new approach that allows a shift from conventional fossil-based chemistry towards a new model of a real sustainable chemistry that allows to use the excess renewable electricity to convert biobased feedstock into base and commodity chemicals. The electrosynthesis approach is expected to increase the production efficiency and minimize negative health for the workers and environmental impact all along the value chain. In this review, we discuss the various electrosynthesis approaches that have been applied on carbohydrate biomass specifically to produce valuable chemicals. The studies on the electro-oxidation of saccharides have mostly targeted the oxidation of the primary alcohol groups to form the corresponding uronic acids, with Au or TEMPO as the active electrocatalysts. The investigations on electroreduction of saccharides focused on the reduction of the aldehyde groups to the corresponding alcohols, using a variety of metal electrodes. Both oxidation and reduction pathways are elaborated here with most recent examples. Further recommendations have been made about the research needs, choice of electrocatalyst and electrolyte as well as upscaling the technology.

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27

KONDO, AKIHIKO. "Bio-Production of Biobased Fuels and Chemicals from Lignocellulose." Sen'i Gakkaishi 70, no. 3 (2014): P_99—P_102. http://dx.doi.org/10.2115/fiber.70.p_99.

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28

Allen, Julia. "Cultivating Capacity for Biobased Materials and Chemicals Through 2017." Industrial Biotechnology 10, no. 2 (April 2014): 89–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ind.2014.1509.

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29

Philp, James C. "Biobased Chemicals and Bioplastics: Finding the Right Policy Balance." Industrial Biotechnology 10, no. 6 (December 2014): 379–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ind.2014.1540.

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30

Ebikade, Elvis Osamudiamhen, Sunitha Sadula, Yagya Gupta, and Dionisios G. Vlachos. "A review of thermal and thermocatalytic valorization of food waste." Green Chemistry 23, no. 8 (2021): 2806–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1gc00536g.

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A review of thermal and thermocatalytic valorization of food waste into biobased platform chemicals. A detailed summary of process level and fundamental kinetic insights are provided towards upgrading FW to useful products for a circular economy.

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31

Kalhor, Payam, and Khashayar Ghandi. "Deep Eutectic Solvents as Catalysts for Upgrading Biomass." Catalysts 11, no. 2 (January 28, 2021): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11020178.

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Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as promising green solvents, due to their versatility and properties such as high biodegradability, inexpensiveness, ease of preparation and negligible vapor pressure. Thus, DESs have been used as sustainable media and green catalysts in many chemical processes. On the other hand, lignocellulosic biomass as an abundant source of renewable carbon has received ample interest for the production of biobased chemicals. In this review, the state of the art of the catalytic use of DESs in upgrading the biomass-related substances towards biofuels and value-added chemicals is presented, and the gap in the knowledge is indicated to direct the future research.

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32

Antunes, Margarida M., Ricardo F. Mendes, Filipe A. Almeida Paz, and Anabela A. Valente. "Versatile Coordination Polymer Catalyst for Acid Reactions Involving Biobased Heterocyclic Chemicals." Catalysts 11, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11020190.

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The chemical valorization/repurposing of biomass-derived chemicals contributes to a biobased economy. Furfural (Fur) is a recognized platform chemical produced from renewable lignocellulosic biomass, and furfuryl alcohol (FA) is its most important application. The aromatic aldehydes Fur and benzaldehyde (Bza) are commonly found in the slate of compounds produced via biomass pyrolysis. On the other hand, glycerol (Gly) is a by-product of the industrial production of biodiesel, derived from fatty acid components of biomass. This work focuses on acid catalyzed routes of Fur, Bza, Gly and FA, using a versatile crystalline lamellar coordination polymer catalyst, namely [Gd(H4nmp)(H2O)2]Cl·2H2O (1) [H6nmp=nitrilotris(methylenephosphonic acid)] synthesized via an ecofriendly, relatively fast, mild microwave-assisted approach (in water, 70 °C/40 min). This is the first among crystalline coordination polymers or metal-organic framework type materials studied for the Fur/Gly and Bza/Gly reactions, giving heterobicyclic products of the type dioxolane and dioxane, and was also effective for the FA/ethanol reaction. 1 was stable and promoted the target catalytic reactions, selectively leading to heterobicyclic dioxane and dioxolane type products in the Fur/Gly and Bza/Gly reactions (up to 91% and 95% total yields respectively, at 90 °C/4 h), and, on the other hand, 2-(ethoxymethyl)furan and ethyl levulinate from heterocyclic FA.

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33

Beerthuis, Rolf, Gadi Rothenberg та N. Raveendran Shiju. "Catalytic routes towards acrylic acid, adipic acid and ε-caprolactam starting from biorenewables". Green Chemistry 17, № 3 (2015): 1341–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4gc02076f.

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Go bio! We assess the biobased productions of three important bulk chemicals: acrylic acid, adipic acid and ε-caprolactam. These are the key monomers for high-end polymers and are all produced globally in excess of two million metric tons per year.

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34

Suota, Maria Juliane, Marcos Lúcio Corazza, and Luiz Pereira Ramos. "Green solvents in biomass delignification for fuels and chemicals." BioResources 18, no. 2 (February 1, 2023): 2522–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.2.2522-2525.

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Lignin is considered by many as the ultimate barrier that impedes biomass conversion to fuels and chemicals. Several delignification strategies have been developed so far, but alkaline extraction remains the most widely used. However, this technology has a high chemical demand, consumes large amounts of water, and generates effluents that are hard to handle. Organosolv pulping is a good option for such application, but the impact of solvent losses and harmful emissions may be unsustainable. To this end, the use of greener alternatives such as water, biobased solvents, ionic liquids, and deep eutectic solvents, under sub- or supercritical conditions, may pave the road for the development of sustainable biorefineries.

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35

Moutousidi, Eleni S., and Ioannis K. Kookos. "Life cycle assessment of biobased chemicals from different agricultural feedstocks." Journal of Cleaner Production 323 (November 2021): 129201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129201.

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36

Morsy, Salim, Alexandre Elias, C. V. Shankar, and Viola Bronsema. "Global Strategies to Drive Innovation in Biobased Fuels and Chemicals." Industrial Biotechnology 11, no. 4 (August 2015): 194–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ind.2015.29007.sxm.

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37

BOMGARDNER, MELODY. "BIOBASED CHEMICALS Myriant to build succinic acid plant in Louisiana." Chemical & Engineering News Archive 89, no. 2 (January 10, 2011): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v089n002.p007a.

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38

Dornburg, Veronika, Barbara G. Hermann, and Martin K. Patel. "Scenario Projections for Future Market Potentials of Biobased Bulk Chemicals." Environmental Science & Technology 42, no. 7 (April 2008): 2261–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0709167.

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39

BOMGARDNER, MELODY. "RENEWABLE CHEMICALS OPX collaborates with Dow for biobased acrylic acid." Chemical & Engineering News Archive 89, no. 16 (April 18, 2011): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v089n016.p009a.

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40

REISCH, MARC. "INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY Firms move to commercialize biobased fuels and chemicals." Chemical & Engineering News 88, no. 33 (August 16, 2010): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen081210141157.

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41

Philp, Jim C., Rachael J. Ritchie, and Jacqueline E. M. Allan. "Biobased chemicals: the convergence of green chemistry with industrial biotechnology." Trends in Biotechnology 31, no. 4 (April 2013): 219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2012.12.007.

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Ház, Aleš, Michal Jablonský, Alexandra Sládková, Jozef Feranc, and Igor Šurina. "Stability of the Lignins and their Potential in Production of Bioplastics." Key Engineering Materials 688 (April 2016): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.688.25.

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Chemical industry includes a biobased materials (sector) in which some oil-derived plastics and chemicals are replaced by new or alternative products derived, at least partially, from biomass. One of these biobased products is here today - lignin, but to fulfil its societal potential it is necessary to improve their market share while making valuable contributions to climate change mitigation. Great source of lignin is by-product (waste) from paper making industry. Lignin isolated from black liquors has a big potential to be used as a component for new bioplastic compositions. Lignosulphonates and lignin are polydispersions of different large fragments from natural tree dimensional lignin present in the wood. The kraft lignin consists of large amount of sulphur which is bonded in functional groups. Content of lignin in black liquor is in range 30 - 45% what brings potential of its isolation. In this paper we characterised and precipitated lignin with two inorganic and one organic acid (nitric, hydrochloric and tartaric acid).

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Len, Christophe, Frederic Delbecq, Cristobal Cara Corpas, and Encarnacion Ruiz Ramos. "Continuous Flow Conversion of Glycerol into Chemicals: An Overview." Synthesis 50, no. 04 (December 14, 2017): 723–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1591857.

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This report highlights the recent advances for glycerol valorization to valuable products in liquid phase continuous flow systems using different types of catalysts and processes. The main biobased chemicals obtained from glycerol, such as acrolein, lactic acid, dihydroxyacetone, propanediols, glycerol carbonate, solketal, acetin, alkyl ethers, and oligomers, will be presented.1 Introduction2 Continuous Dehydration2.1 Without Added Catalyst2.2 With Acid Catalyst3 Continuous Oxidation4 Continuous Hydrogenolysis5 Continuous Carbonatation6 Continuous Ketalization7 Continuous Esterification8 Continuous Etherification9 Continuous Oligomerization10 Outlook11 Conclusion

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Perales, Eduardo, Cristina Belén García, Laura Lomba, José Ignacio García, Elísabet Pires, Mari Carmen Sancho, Enrique Navarro, and Beatriz Giner. "Comparative ecotoxicity study of glycerol-biobased solvents." Environmental Chemistry 14, no. 6 (2017): 370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en17082.

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Environmental contextThe search for alternative solvents to prevent environmental damage is one of the main interests in ‘green’ sciences. Five of these new substances from biodiesel production were evaluated to assess their negative environmental effects. The results obtained showed that three of these chemicals may be harmless for short exposure in aquatic biomodels. Although more tests are required, this family of compounds promises to be safe and useful for industrial purposes. AbstractGlycerol-biobased ethers have a high potential as solvents owing to their chemical inertness and diversity, which allows modulation of their properties, such as polarity, hydrophobicity or viscosity, depending on the specific needs in each case. Despite their renewable source, the environmental compatibility of these solvents needs to be checked. The acute ecotoxicity of five glycerol-derived solvents (3-ethoxy-1,2-propanediol, 1,3-diethoxy-2-propanol, 3-butoxy-1,2-propanediol , 1,3-dibutoxy-2-propanol and 1,2,3-tributoxypropane ) was evaluated in a systematic study using several bioindicators covering the trophic chain (the crustacean Daphnia magna, the fish Danio rerio and the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii). These results were compared with the previously studied bioindicator Vibrio fischeri. According to the hypothesis of the present work, the toxicity of these solvents increased as a function of their lipophilicity, which is related to the increase in the number and length of the alkyl chains in the basic structure; accordingly, the least toxic compound for all the aquatic organisms was 3-ethoxy-1,2-propanediol and the most toxic solvent was 1,2,3-tributoxypropane, except in the case of D. rerio and V. fischeri, with 1,3-dibutoxy-2-propanol the most toxic chemical. Potential damage caused by eventual emissions, was evaluated using the Environmental Health and Safety Approach, a methodology used for detecting risks related to the environment and the human health. Using available physicochemical and toxicity data, each chemical compound receives a score for the categories health, safety and environment. The best candidates considered as least dangerous for a short exposure time according to the studied biomodels are 3-ethoxy-1,2-propanediol, 3-butoxy-1,2-propanediol and 1,3-diethoxy-2-propanol.

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Beyerle, Marlène, and Mariam-Céline Diawara. "Industrial Purification of Biobased Chemicals—Meeting the Challenge of Efficient Desalting." Industrial Biotechnology 13, no. 1 (February 2017): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ind.2017.29070.mbe.

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Deneyer, Aron, Sam Tlatli, Michiel Dusselier, and Bert F. Sels. "Branching-First: Synthesizing C–C Skeletal Branched Biobased Chemicals from Sugars." ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 6, no. 6 (April 25, 2018): 7940–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b01234.

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Liu, Dong-Huang, Hai-Long He, Yue-Biao Zhang, and Zhi Li. "Oxidative Aromatization of Biobased Chemicals to Benzene Derivatives through Tandem Catalysis." ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 8, no. 38 (August 31, 2020): 14322–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c03544.

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Brown, Tristan R., Yanan Zhang, Guiping Hu, and Robert C. Brown. "Techno-economic analysis of biobased chemicals production via integrated catalytic processing." Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining 6, no. 1 (January 2012): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbb.344.

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Bruijnincx, Pieter C. A., and Bert M. Weckhuysen. "Shale Gas Revolution: An Opportunity for the Production of Biobased Chemicals?" Angewandte Chemie International Edition 52, no. 46 (October 18, 2013): 11980–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201305058.

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Jongedijk, Esmer, Sebastian Müller, Aalt D. J. van Dijk, Elio Schijlen, Antoine Champagne, Marc Boutry, Mark Levisson, Sander van der Krol, Harro Bouwmeester, and Jules Beekwilder. "Novel routes towards bioplastics from plants: elucidation of the methylperillate biosynthesis pathway from Salvia dorisiana trichomes." Journal of Experimental Botany 71, no. 10 (February 24, 2020): 3052–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraa086.

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Abstract Plants produce a large variety of highly functionalized terpenoids. Functional groups such as partially unsaturated rings and carboxyl groups provide handles to use these compounds as feedstock for biobased commodity chemicals. For instance, methylperillate, a monoterpenoid found in Salvia dorisiana, may be used for this purpose, as it carries both an unsaturated ring and a methylated carboxyl group. The biosynthetic pathway of methylperillate in plants is still unclear. In this work, we identified glandular trichomes from S. dorisiana as the location of biosynthesis and storage of methylperillate. mRNA from purified trichomes was used to identify four genes that can encode the pathway from geranyl diphosphate towards methylperillate. This pathway includes a (–)-limonene synthase (SdLS), a limonene 7-hydroxylase (SdL7H, CYP71A76), and a perillyl alcohol dehydrogenase (SdPOHDH). We also identified a terpene acid methyltransferase, perillic acid O-methyltransferase (SdPAOMT), with homology to salicylic acid OMTs. Transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana of these four genes, in combination with a geranyl diphosphate synthase to boost precursor formation, resulted in production of methylperillate. This demonstrates the potential of these enzymes for metabolic engineering of a feedstock for biobased commodity chemicals.

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