Дисертації з теми "Big Quali"
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1
Ramadasse, Harry. "L'observation du travail digital des cols blancs : le développement d'un Observatoire au sein du Groupe Michelin." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASI002.
Анотація:
Cette thèse explore la pratique du travail digital des salariés cols blancs au sein du Groupe Michelin. Durant la première année d'immersion terrain, nous avons réalisé un diagnostic de l'intelligence digitale qui nous a permis d'aboutir à la question industrielle suivante : « Comment mesurer la dextérité digitale des salariés cols blancs du groupe Michelin ? ». En procédant à la traduction de cette dernière en concepts théoriques, nous avons identifié la question de recherche suivante :« Comment observer la pratique du travail digital des salariés cols blancs d'une organisation pré-digitale industrielle ? ».En nous basant sur la littérature sur la transformation digitale, le travail digital et les observatoires, cette thèse défend le développement d'un observatoire basé sur un échantillon Big Quali, de plus de 200 000 réponses textuelles, collecté en interne.Les contributions de ces travaux sont les suivantes : la proposition d'un cadre théorique du travail digital, une méthodologie de développement d'un observatoire pouvant devenir un instrument de gestion organisationnel, une proposition d'approche méthodologique BigQuali/IA à destination des chercheurs et des practiciens souhaitant analyser de larges bases de données textuellesThis thesis investigates the digital work practices of white-collar workers within the Michelin Group. During the first year of field immersion, a diagnostic of digital intelligence was conducted, leading to the following industrial question: "How to measure digital dexterity of Michelin Group's white-collar workers?". By translating this question into theoretical concepts, the following research question was identified:"How can the digital work practices of white-collar employees in a pre-digital industrial organization be observed?".Drawing on literature related to digital transformation, digital work, and observatories, this thesis advocates for the development of an observatory based on a Big Quali sample of over 200,000 textual responses collected internally.The contributions of this work include: the proposal of a theoretical framework for digital work, a methodology for developing an observatory that can become an organizational management tool, and a proposed BigQuali/AI methodological approach for researchers and practitioners aiming to analyze large textual databases
2
Yuen, Hiu-sum, and 袁曉芯. "Yiddish, quasi-yiddish and ideologies of American English." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30398459.
3
馮榮錦 and Wing-kam Tony Fung. "Analysis of outliers using graphical and quasi-Bayesian methods." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1987. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31230842.
4
Paterok, Eliza. "Persönlichkeitsmerkmale von Sporttauchern: eine quasi-experimentelle Studie." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=98108088X.
5
Engler, Hans. "A quasi-electrostatic trap for neutral atoms." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=961535350.
6
Grigoriev, Pavel. "Magnetic quantum oscillations in quasi-two-dimensional metals." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=965616142.
7
Schreiber, Gerhard. "Quasi-phasenangepasste Frequenzkonversion mit periodisch gepolten Ti:LiNbO3-Wellenleitern." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=964803151.
8
PALMONARI, CATERINA. "Valutazione dell'accuratezza della determinazione di VOC quali biomarker di neoplasia del colon-retto nei soggetti FIT positivi dello Screening di Prevenzione." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2488221.
Анотація:
Lo screening è raccomandato per ridurre sia l'incidenza che la mortalità del carcinoma del colon-retto (CCR). Attualmente, molti Paesi organizzano programmi di screening della popolazione basati sull'analisi del sangue occulto nelle feci (FOBT). In Emilia-Romagna (Italia), dal 2005, la versione immunochimica del FOBT (FIT) viene eseguita ogni due anni su persone di età compresa tra 50 e 69 anni. Quindi, la colonscopia viene eseguita sui positivi al FIT.
Sfortunatamente, il FIT mostra un numero elevato di falsi positivi (circa il 65%), principalmente a causa di sanguinamenti di origine non tumorale, che portano a molte colonscopie negative (senza tumori).
L'introduzione di un metodo economico e di facile utilizzo per verificare i positivi FIT migliorerebbe l'efficacia dello screening, riducendo anche i costi per il Servizio Sanitario Nazionale.
Questa tesi mostra i risultati del protocollo di validazione clinica, iniziato nel 2016, di un dispositivo brevettato composto da un array di sensori di gas nanostrutturati. Questo dispositivo, detto SCENT A1, è stato progettato per identificare la presenza di CCR e di lesioni pre-cancesorse mediante la rivelazione di composti organici volatili (VOC) fecali, con un'analisi non invasiva, in vitro e a basso costo. Le feci sono, infatti, contaminate da questi biomarcatori volatili del tumore, prodotti dalla perossidazione cellulare e dalle alterazioni metaboliche delle cellule.
Il protocollo di validazione clinica prevedeva l'analisi, con SCENT A1, di campioni fecali di soggetti FIT positivi allo screening di prevenzione, e l’utilizzo della colonscopia come gold-standard.
Un totale di 398 campioni sono stati analizzati con SCENT A1 e con tecniche avanzate di apprendimento automatico (SVM e PCA).
Inizialmente i campioni sono stati analizzati dividendoli in due macrocategorie a seconda dello stato di salute: sani (individui senza alcun tipo di lesione tumorale) e malati (individui affetti da adenomi ad alto e basso rischio e/o carcinomi) ottenendo una sensibilità e specificità rispettivamente dell'84,1% e dell'82,4%. I VPP e VPN estrapolati sono risultati rispettivamente del 72% e del 91%.
Successivamente tali campioni sono stati analizzati dividendoli in tre categorie: sani, adenomi a basso rischio, adenomi ad alto rischio e carcinomi e ottenendo una sensibilità e specificità rispettivamente dell’80,2% e del 94,4%. I VPP e VPN estrapolati estrapolati sono risultati rispettivamente del 78% e del 95%.
Nel 2020 verrà effettuato uno studio multicentrico per valutare l'accuratezza del test su base demografica.Screening is recommended to reduce both incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC). Currently, many Countries organize population screening programs based on fecal occult blood test (FOBT). In Emilia-Romagna (Italy), since 2005, FOBT immunochemical version (FIT) is performed every two years on people aged between 50 and 69 years. Then, colonoscopy is carried out on FIT-positives. Unfortunately, FIT shows a high number of false positives (about 65%), mainly due to non-tumoral bleedings, leading to many negative (without tumors) colonoscopies. The use of an economic and easy-to-use method to check FIT-positives would improve effectiveness of the screening, reducing also the costs for National Health Service. This work shows the outcomes of the clinical validation protocol, started in 2016, of a patented device composed by a core of nanostructured gas sensors. This device, SCENT A1, was designed to identify the presence of CRC and pre-cancerous lesions by detecting the fecal volatile organic compounds (VOCs), with a non-invasive, in-vitro and low-cost analysis. Feces are, in fact, affected by tumor volatile biomarkers, produced by cellular peroxidation and metabolic alterations. The clinical validation protocol consisted in the analysis, with SCENT A1, of fecal samples of FIT-positive subjects, using colonoscopy as a gold-standard. A total of 398 samples has been analyzed by means SCENT A1 and with advanced machine learning techniques (PCA e SVM). The samples were initially analyzed by dividing them into two macro-categories according to their health: healthy (individuals without any type of tumor lesion) and sick (individuals with high and low risk adenomas and/or carcinomas) obtaining sensitivity and specificity respectively 84.1% and 82.4%. The extrapolated VPPs and VPNs were 72% and 91% respectively. Subsequently, these samples were analyzed by dividing them into three categories: healthy, low risk adenomas, high risk adenomas and carcinomas and obtaining a sensitivity and specificity of 80.2% and 94.4% respectively. Extrapolated VPPs and VPNs were 78% and 95% respectively. A multicenter study will be performed in 2020, to assess the accuracy of the test on a population basis.
9
Engel, Egbert Konstantin. "Ultrafast exciton relaxation in quasi-one-dimensional perylene derivatives." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=97940665X.
10
Höft, Michael. "Ein Beitrag zur quasi-optischen Leistungsaddition mit periodischen Strukturen." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=975788175.
11
Yeung, Yiu-wing, and 楊耀永. "Corporate governance of public services and quasi-governmental organisations in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1990. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31264840.
12
Rösch, Matthias. "Kopplung von kollektiven Anregungen in einlagigen und doppellagigen quasi-zweidimensionalen Elektronensystemen Coupling of collective excitations in monolayer and bilayer quasi two-dimensional electron systems /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=974407658.
13
Späth, Britta. "Die McKay-Vermutung für quasi-einfache Gruppen vom Lie-Typ." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=98327035X.
14
Wong, Wai-yi, and 黃慧儀. "An quasi-experimental study of oral presentation skills training for junior secondary students." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3196204X.
15
Morganti, Stefano. "Identificazione dell'enzima Nicotinamide N-Metiltrasferasi quale marker molecolare del carcinoma polmonare non a piccole cellule." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/242767.
Анотація:
Il carcinoma polmonare rappresenta la neoplasia più diffusa a livello mondiale e la principale causa di morte per cancro. L’aumento del tasso di sopravvivenza dei pazienti affetti da tale patologia è affidato ai progressi compiuti in campo chirurgico e terapeutico, nonché all’identificazione di nuovi marcatori per una diagnosi precoce.
Oggetto del presente lavoro di ricerca è l’enzima nicotinamide N-metiltrasferasi (NNMT). I livelli di espressione dell’NNMT sono stati valutati nel tessuto polmonare tumorale e nel tessuto peritumorale prossimo e lontano, rispetto al margine della neoplasia, di 36 pazienti affetti da carcinoma polmonare non a piccole cellule (NSCLC) mediante Real-Time PCR, Western blot, analisi immunoistochimica e saggio di attività catalitica. Allo scopo di esplorare il coinvolgimento dell’NNMT nel metabolismo della cellula tumorale, è stato effettuato il silenziamento dell’NNMT mediante l’impiego di plasmidi codificanti shRNA ed è stato valutato l’effetto di tale downregolazione sulla proliferazione cellulare e sul potenziale tumorigenico della linea cellulare di carcinoma polmonare A549.
I risultati ottenuti evidenziano un aumento dell’espressione dell’NNMT (mRNA e proteina) nel tessuto tumorale rispetto al tessuto peritumorale prossimo e lontano dal margine della neoplasia. Inoltre, il tessuto tumorale mostra livelli di attività specifica significativamente più elevati rispetto al tessuto peritumorale prossimo e lontano dalla neoplasia. In particolare, il tessuto polmonare peritumorale, sia prossimo che lontano dal margine della neoplasia dei casi sfavorevoli (N+), mostra livelli di attività nicotinamide N-metiltrasferasica più elevati rispetto a quelli rilevabili a carico degli stessi tessuti relativi ai casi favorevoli (N0), suggerendo che a livello molecolare il tessuto peritumorale dei casi sfavorevoli (N+) si trova in una fase, seppur estremamente precoce, della trasformazione neoplastica. Il silenziamento dell’NNMT ha determinato una diminuzione significativa della proliferazione cellulare e della capacità di formare colonie in assenza di adesione al substrato.
I dati riportati nel presente lavoro indicano che l’NNMT rappresenta un marcatore molecolare del carcinoma polmonare non a piccole cellule e supportano l’ipotesi secondo la quale esso possa svolgere un ruolo importante nella crescita del tumore e nell’invasione neoplastica. Successivi studi saranno rivolti a chiarire se l’NNMT possa rappresentare un potenziale bersaglio di una terapia antineoplastica.Lung cancer is the most common neoplasm worldwide and the leading cause of tumor death. Improvements in surgery and therapy, as well as the discovery of new and effective markers for an early diagnosis, are necessary to increase the overall survival rate. This study is focused on the enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT). NNMT expression levels were evaluated in tumor, tumor-adjacent and surrounding tissue samples of 36 patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) by Real-Time PCR, Western blot analysis, catalytic activity assay and immunohistochemical analysis. To explore the involvement of NNMT in tumor cell metabolism, we evaluated the effect of shRNA-mediated inhibition of NNMT on cell proliferation and tumorigenic potential of A549 lung cancer cell line. Results obtained showed NNMT upregulation (mRNA and protein) in tumor compared with both tumor-adjacent and surrounding tissue. Moreover, NSCLC displayed significantly higher activity levels than those determined in both tumor-adjacent and surrounding tissue. Interestingly, both tumor-adjacent and surrounding tissue samples of unfavorable cases (N+) seem to display higher activity levels than those of favorable NSCLCs (N0), suggesting that normal-looking tissue of unfavorable cases seems to change toward cancer. NNMT downregulation significantly inhibited cell proliferation and reduced colony formation ability on soft agar. Reported data indicate that NNMT represents a molecular marker for non-small cell lung carcinoma and support the hypothesis that it could play an important role in tumor growth and invasion. Further studies may establish whether NNMT could represent a target for an effective anti-cancer therapy.
16
Agostinelli, Samuele. "La Nad chinasi, enzima chiave della biosintesi del Nad(P)+ in mycobacterium tubercolosis, quale target per la progettazione razionale di nuovi inibitori ad attività antibiotica." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/242239.
Анотація:
Gli enzimi coinvolti nel metabolismo del NAD(P) rappresentano interessanti target per la ricerca di farmaci antitubercolari.
La fosforilazione diretta del NAD da parte della NAD chinasi è l’unica via ad oggi conosciuta per la produzione di NADP in cellule sia procariotiche che eucariotiche. La validità di questo enzima come target farmacologico è basata sulla sua essenzialità nella vitalità di Mycobacterium tuberculosis, e sulle differenti caratteristiche fra gli enzimi batterico e umano.
Allo scopo di trovare un inibitore selettivo per la NAD chinasi di M. tuberculosis, sono state eseguite analisi strutturali di quest’enzima, per il design di analoghi modificati del NAD e del poli(P).
Gli analoghi dinucleoside disolfuro del NAD sono risultati inibitori innovativi selettivi per il sito attivo delle NAD chinasi. Gli analoghi dei dinucleotidi polifosfato invece, e del poli(P), hanno mostrato una debole selettività per la mtNADK in quanto, mentre l’enzima umano è strettamente ATP-dipendente, quello micobatterico è in grado di utilizzare anche il poli(P) come donatore di fosfato. Le differenze esistenti nel comportamento catalitico e nella specificità di substrato fra i due enzimi saranno sfruttate per l’identificazione di farmaci antitubercolari innovativi.
Anche gli inibitori dell’enzima umano sono interessanti in quanto possono essere usati per ridurre l’apporto di NADPH esogeno durante stress ossidativo e in cellule tumorali. Recentemente, è stato proposto che le specie reattive all’ossigeno (ROS) derivanti dalla NADPH ossidasi svolgono un ruolo importante nell’angiogenesi fisiologica e patologica, rendendo quest’enzima un eccellente target per la terapia anticancro. La soppressione della NADPH ossidasi tramite l’inibizione della NAD chinasi potrebbe quindi mostrare effetti antitumorali.
Infine è stata indagata l’esistenza di un altro gene umano codificante per una NAD chinasi. La proteina C5orf33, una putativa NAD chinasi, è stata clonata ed espressa in Escherichia coli e parzialmente purificata per indagarne l’attività chinasica.Enzymes involved in NAD(P) metabolism are attractive targets for drug discovery against human diseases such as tuberculosis. NAD kinase catalyzes a phosphorylation of NAD using ATP or inorganic polyphosphates (poly(P)) as phosphoryl donors to give NADP. No other pathway of NADP biosynthesis has been found in the procariotic or eukaryotic cells. The validation of this enzyme as drug target is based on its essentiality in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, as well as on differential structural features between mycobacterial and human enzyme. In order to find a compound able to selectively inhibit the M. tuberculosis NAD kinase, structure-based analyses of this enzyme, resulted in the design of the several modified NAD and poly(P) analogues. We found that dinucleoside disulfide mimics of NAD analogues are novel selective inhibitors of NAD kinases that bind at the NAD-binding domain of NAD kinases, but do not affect the majority of other NAD-dependent enzymes such as NAD dehydrogenase. Instead, the dinucleotide polyphosphates and poly(P) analogs showed a weak selectivity against mtNAD kinase because, while the human enzyme is strictly ATP-dependent, the mycobacterial can use polyphosphates as phosphoryl donors. The differences existing in the catalytic behaviour or in the substrate specificity between the mycobacterial and human enzyme, will be exploited for future design of new potent and selective antitubercular drugs. Inhibitors of human enzyme are also of interest as they can be used to reduce the critical supply of exogenous NADPH during oxidative stress and in cancer cells. Recently, it was suggested that reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from NADPH oxidase plays important roles in physiological and pathological angiogenesis making this enzyme an excellent target for anticancer therapy. The suppression of NADPH oxidase by inhibition of NAD kinase may show some anticancer effects. Finally, we search for another human NAD kinase gene. C5orf33, a putative NAD kinase, has been cloned and expressed in Escherichia Coli and partially purified to check the kinase activity.
17
Leung, Yee-pan, and 梁懿斌. "A study on the fabrication and applications of quasi-one-dimensional zinc selenide nanostructures." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39848942.
18
Chen, Hongniao, and 陈红鸟. "Incremental displacement collocation method for the determination of fracture properties of quasi-brittle materials." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B49799447.
Анотація:
This thesis presents experimental and numerical investigations on the fracture properties of quasi-brittle materials, including mortar, concrete and graphite. Fracture toughness in terms of the critical stress intensity factor K_IC and fracture energy G_F of the materials were determined through three-point bending tests on centre-notched beams. Furthermore, full-field displacement of the beams subjected to bend was obtained using Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry (ESPI) technique.
In order to verify the accuracy of the displacement data measured using the ESPI technique and to obtain reliable deformation information, the displacement and strain errors induced by the rigid-body motions of the specimen were quantified. This study found that the displacement errors were negligible whereas the strain errors were notable and must be eliminated. The influence of different rigid-body motions was analyzed. It was found that the out-of-plane movement of the specimen was critical and affected considerably the accuracy of strain data. Thus the experimental setup was improved accordingly to eliminate the influence of critical rigid-body motions.
Quasi-brittle materials have a finite stress region near the crack tip, known as the fracture process zone (FPZ). The materials exhibit nonlinear fracture behaviour in the FPZ. The cohesive crack model (CCM) is widely used to characterize the nonlinear fracture behaviour of quasi-brittle materials. According to the CCM, all the nonlinear behaviours in the FPZ can be represented by a cohesive crack, and the crack propagation is controlled by the relationship between the cohesive stress and crack opening, namely, the tension softening curve (TSC). Thus an accurate estimation of the TSC is essential.
In order to determine the TSC of quasi-brittle materials, an incremental displacement collocation method (IDCM) was originally developed in this study. In the IDCM, the deformation data measured by the ESPI sensor was analyzed to obtain the crack opening displacement (COD) of the notched specimens. The experimental COD profiles together with the CCM were then integrated into a finite element model to simulate the nonlinear fracture response of the specimen. By minimizing the difference between the computed and measured displacements at selected collocation points, the cohesive stress corresponding to certain crack opening was determined. The entire TSC was constructed in a step-by-step manner following the loading steps.
The IDCM was first applied to estimate the TSC of mortar. By using the estimated TSC, the displacements of the specimen under certain loading levels were computed. By comparing the computed displacements with the experimental data, the reliability of the IDCM and the accuracy of the estimated TSC were verified.
The application of the IDCM was further extended to the determination of the TSCs of concrete and graphite. The parameters used to define the shape of the TSC of the materials were determined using regression analysis. The applicability of those parameters was verified by comparing the TSCs estimated in the present study with those derived by other researchers. Recommendations were put forward to choose appropriate tensile properties of quasi-brittle materials in the numerical simulations. Furthermore, by using the ESPI technique, fracture phenomena of quasi-brittle materials were observed and reported. Such records can greatly enhance the understanding of crack initiation, growth and arrest in quasi-brittle materials, and lead to improvements to the existing fracture models.published_or_final_version
Civil Engineering
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
19
Zink, Burkhard Sebastian. "Black hole formation from non-axisymmetric instabilities in quasi-toroidal stars." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=980413451.
20
Zheng, Xinxian. "Homological properties of monomial ideals associated to quasi-trees and lattices." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972174532.
21
Assmann, Björn Olaf. "Herstellung hochgenauer Prototypen mittels Fräsen als quasi-generativem Rapid-Prototyping-Verfahren." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=968051219.
22
Klinkhammer, John. "Beste einseitige L1-Approximation mit Quasi-Blending-Funktionen / Best One-sided L1-Approximation by Quasi-Blending Functions." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=982145489.
23
Meurer, Michael. "Gemeinsame Empfangssignalverarbeitung in CDMA-Mobilfunksystemen mit infiniter oder quasi-infiniter Datenübertragung." Kaiserslautern : Univ, 2003. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=967818893.
24
Joodaki, Mojtaba. "An enhanced quasi-monolithic integration technology for microwave and millimeterwave applications." Kassel : Kassel Univ. Press, 2003. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969579268.
25
Bertuzzi, Stefano. "La fluorescenza clorofilliana quale strumento di indagine nel campo del biomonitoraggio ambientale e del restauro dei monumenti." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/8555.
Анотація:
2011/2012Le analisi di fluorescenza della clorofilla a (ChlaF), utilizzate proficuamente da molti decenni negli studi ecofisiologici delle piante superiori, sono state introdotte più recentemente anche per la valutazione dell’integrità dei fotosistemi degli organismi fotoautotrofi peciloidrici. Tra questi, il particolare interesse verso licheni e briofite è legato sia al loro utilizzo quali biomonitors degli inquinanti aerodiffusi, sia alla loro azione potenzialmente - in alcuni casi fortemente - biodeteriogena sui manufatti lapidei. Lo stile di vita di licheni e briofite - organismi che non sono in grado di bilanciare i flussi del proprio contenuto idrico da o verso l’ambiente - e le loro peculiari forme di crescita, rendono molto più complessa l’applicazione su di essi delle tecniche fluorimetriche rispetto a quanto in uso sulle piante vascolari. Inoltre, il continuo miglioramento delle tecnologie e delle strumentazioni obbligano ad un costante aggiornamento dei protocolli di indagine. Il presente progetto di dottorato è indirizzato al miglioramento delle metodologie di analisi di ChlaF, attraverso due principali filoni di ricerca: i) la valutazione dell’applicabilità delle tecniche fluorimetriche nel campo della conservazione dei beni culturali e la successiva implementazione di una innovativa metodica di controllo del degrado biologico che prevede l’esposizione degli organismi a shock termici; ii) la valutazione degli effetti di due inquinanti notoriamente fitotossici quali l’idrogeno solforato (H2S) e l’ozono (O3), su licheni fogliosi epifiti mediante esposizione in camere a condizioni controllate e in Open Top Chambers. Gli esperimenti, condotti sia in laboratorio sia direttamente sul campo, hanno visto l’impiego di due tra i più diffusi strumenti di misura di ChlaF: un fluorimetro di tipo PAM (Pulse Amplitude Modulation) basato sul principio di modulazione dell’impulso luminoso, e un PEA (Plant Efficiency Analyser) che usa una tecnica di eccitazione continua con luce a led. Alle misure di ChlaF sono state affiancate altre tecniche di analisi degli effetti dei trattamenti somministrati. Con riferimento ai due principali filoni di ricerca, si è dimostrato che i) l’analisi di ChlaF sui biodeteriogeni dei monumenti si rivela assai efficiente e molto più precisa rispetto ad altre tecniche quali le osservazioni in epifluorescenza o al microscopio confocale. I trattamenti termici a 60 °C, quando condotti su campioni idratati, portano alla morte di tutti gli organismi presi in esame (licheni, muschi ed epatiche). Inoltre, trattamenti termici a 40 °C sono sufficienti per ridurne significativamente la vitalità, aumentando in parallelo l’efficacia dei prodotti chimici correntemente impiegati nel campo del restauro. ii) L’H2S si è rivelato essere un gas fortemente tossico per i licheni: i maggiori danni interessano l’apparato fotosintetico ed in particolare il complesso di evoluzione dell’ossigeno, al quale l’H2S si legherebbe in maniera molto forte, sostituendosi all’acqua, fino a causare il distacco dello ione manganese. L’O3 invece non influenza in maniera significativa la vitalità dei talli, a fronte di una risposta negativa al protratto disseccamento, che è comunque specie-specifica. La notevole resistenza dei licheni all’O3 sembra essere legata alla disponibilità di efficaci meccanismi di detossificazione, necessari per fronteggiare lo stress ossidativo derivante dai naturali e quotidiani cicli di disidratazione-reidratazione a cui i licheni sono soggetti La fluorescenza clorofilliana si è rilevata un ottimo strumento di analisi, rapido, efficiente, poco costoso e perfettamente applicabile sia in laboratorio sia in situ; le tematiche affrontate aprono interessanti prospettive di sviluppo i) nel campo della conservazione dei materiali lapidei, con l’introduzione di una nuova e potenzialmente rivoluzionaria tecnica per l’eliminazione degli organismi biodeteriogeni dai substrati, e ii) nell’utilizzo dei licheni quali biomonitors, grazie alla dimostrazione della forte sensibilità di alcune specie licheniche all’H2S, e alla resistenza che tali organismi sembrano presentare nei confronti dell’O3.
XXV Ciclo
1983
26
Schmidt, Kai Phillip. "Spectral properties of quasi one-dimensional quantum antiferromagnets perturbative continuous unitary transformations /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=973143738.
27
Yu, Pui-kwan Robin, and 余沛琨. "A study on quasi-public space in large scale private residential development, case in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39558496.
28
Steinbrecher, Andreas. "Numerical solution of quasi-linear differential-Algebraic equations and industrial simulation of multibody systems." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=980015936.
29
Li, Yuan, and 李源. "On mixed portmanteau statistics for the diagnostic checking of time series models using Gaussian quasi-maximum likelihood approach." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48330061.
Анотація:
This thesis aims at investigating different forms of residuals from a general time series model with conditional mean and conditional variance fitted by the Gaussian quasi-maximum likelihood method. We investigated the limiting distributions of autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation functions under different forms of residuals. Based on them we devised some individual portmanteau tests and two mixed portmanteau tests. We started by exploring the asymptotic normalities of the residual autocorrelation functions, the squared residual autocorrelation functions and absolute residual autocorrelation functions from the fitted time series model. This leads to three individual portmanteau tests. Then we generalized them to their counterparts of partial autocorrelation functions, and this results in another three individual portmanteau tests. We carried out simulations studies to compare the six individual portmanteau tests and find that some tests are sensitive to mis-specification in the conditional mean while other tests are effective to detect mis-specification in the conditional variance. However, for the case that the mis-specifications happen in both conditional mean and variance, none of these individual portmanteau tests present remarkable power. Based on this, we continued to investigate the joint limiting distributions of the residual autocorrelation functions and absolute residual autocorrelation functions of the fitted model since the former one is powerful to identify mis-specification in the conditional mean and the latter one works well when the conditional variance is mis-specified. This leads to two mixed portmanteau tests for diagnostic checking of the fitted model. Simulation studies are carried out to check the asymptotic theory and to assess the performance of the mixed portmanteau tests. It shows that the mixed portmanteau tests have the power to detect mis-specification in the conditional mean and conditional variance respectively while it is feasible to detect both of them.published_or_final_version
Statistics and Actuarial Science
Master
Master of Philosophy
30
Ferrandiz, Gea José Antonio. "BIM* Implementation in the AEC* Curriculum : a quasi-experimental case study of the Architectural Engineering (AE) Bachelor’s degree at the United Arab Emirates University (UAEU)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/663459.
Анотація:
The introduction of Building Information Modeling (BIM) is changing the work environment in the AEC industry. Many countries require the AEC industry to submit building documentation using BIM. For example BIM is a requirement to obtain funds the from European Union (EU); England, Dubai and California also require BIM for some typologies of building projects, and most countries are moving towards BIM as a must. It is therefore necessary to introduce BIM into the Architecture, Construction and Engineering curricula. These skills, abilities and methodology will increase student opportunities.
Nowadays each institution and faculty introduces BIM in its own way as there is very little scientific literature about how to go about it. There are many proceedings about offering introductory BIM courses and documentation of those experiences, but few scientific publications are available, as there are for the introduction of new information management processes applied in other fields of science.
This educational research aims to be a first step to create a BIM introduction framework providing scientific data. For this thesis we focused on the introduction of BIM based on Autodesk products in the construction courses of the United Arab Emirates University. Whereas in Spain architectural curricula is broad spectrum, in the UAE, US and many other countries the architect is not overseeing the structure, MEP and HVAC, and must rely on engineers; this study of BIM is based on the fact that the design and construction processes of a building are multidisciplinary work and coordinated by many different professionals, therefore BIM is the right tool.
In the course of our research we have studied student academic performance, motivation and satisfaction using surveys, comparison of exercises, grades and student interviews, as well as the feedback of the professors. The analyzed data helped us to determine introduction problems, behaviors to avoid, and elements to take into account when introducing BIM-Revit in construction courses. This thesis ends with the evaluation of two different methodologies to introduce BIM in construction courses and a first step towards a BIM introduction guide.
In future studies from this research we will expand the study to other universities, starting with the American University of Ras Al-Khaimah (RAK) and working further to extend it further through the members of the Academic for Interoperability Coalition (AIC). We will also participate in other BIM introduction studies from the AIC research group, and based on our initial work here will develop a research project to create a guide for BIM implementation in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction curriculum.La implantación del “Building Information Modelling (BIM)” en la industria de la construcción, es una realidad que esta cambiando el sistema de trabajo. En muchos países, los proyectos se han de documentar y legalizar obligatoriamente usando esta metodología y sus herramientas. Este es el caso de todos los proyectos financiados con fondos públicos UE, o Inglaterra, Dubái y California, y una seria recomendación en muchos otros. Es por tanto necesario que los alumnos de las Escuelas de Arquitectura o Facultades de Ingeniería de la Construcción, o grados equivalentes dispongan de las competencias y habilidades que esta metodología comporta para conseguir una fácil incorporación al mercado laboral. Nos encontramos en un momento en que cada centro, introduce BIM a su modo, con diferentes metodologías, intensidades y con muy poca literatura científica, dado que estamos hablando en primer lugar de una herramienta, pero en el fondo es una nueva manera de gestionar toda la información que gira alrededor de los procesos de diseño, construcción y mantenimiento de los edificios y ello depende mucho de cada caso particular y las personas que lo gestionan. En todo caso podemos encontrar referencias a experimentos docentes equivalentes a la hora de introducir nuevos procesos de gestión de la información aplicada en otros campos de las ciencias, pero muy pocos al del BIM. Este trabajo de investigación educativa pretende ser un primer paso para la creación de una estrategia de implantación de BIM, aportando datos científicos sobre los problemas que nos encontramos al introducirlas. Para ello hemos estudiado la introducción del BIM mediante la aplicación Revit de Autodesk, una de las más extendidas en el mundo de la construcción. Nuestro estudio se ha centrado en los cursos de construcción de la Universidad de Emiratos Árabes Unidos. Unos estudios que a diferencia de los españoles, son de ciclo corto y en un contexto profesional en el que los arquitectos han de colaborar obligatoriamente con ingenieros para poder diseñar y construir sus edificios. Aspecto que se repite en la mayoría de países y donde su currículum académico no insiste en la adquisición de competencias técnicas de cálculo. El interés radica en este caso en evaluar si en plazos de tiempo más cortos y con contenidos teóricos más acotados, sigue siendo válida esta estrategia BIM, que parte de la base de que el procesos de diseño y construcción de un edifico es un trabajo multidisciplinar y coordinado de muchos profesionales distintos y para eso el BIM es la herramienta adecuada. Para ellos hemos estudiado el rendimiento académico, la motivación y la satisfacción de los estudiantes a través del uso de encuestas, comparativa de ejercicios, notas y entrevistas a los estudiantes; así como las experiencias de los profesores que imparten los cursos. Los datos analizados nos han servido para determinar problemas de implantación, conductas a evitar y elementos a tener en cuenta a la hora de introducir BIM-Revit en los cursos de construcción. Esta tesis termina con la evaluación de dos diferentes metodologías para introducir BIM en los cursos de construcción y una serie de directrices para la correcta implantación de esta nueva herramienta En cuanto al futuro de esta investigación, se pretende expandir esta investigación a mas universidades, empezando por la universidad americana de Ras Al Khaimah y tratando de extenderlo por los miembros de la “Academic for interoperatibility Coalition (AIC)” a la cual pertenezco y hay afiliadas 48 universidades de todo el mundo y combinarla con otra investigación sobre BIM en academia en la cual estoy participando y en la cual el foco es sobre todo los “Students Learning Outcomes” (SLO)s; por ultimo se va a empezar otro projecto de investigación para el desarrollo de una guía para la implantación de BIM en el curriculum de los programas de Arquitectura, ingeniería y construcción
La implantació del "Building Information Modelling (BIM)" a la indústria de la construcció, és una realitat que està canviant el sistema de treball. En molts països, els projectes s'han de documentar i legalitzar obligatòriament usant aquesta metodologia i les seves eines. Aquest és el cas de tots els projectes finançats amb fons públics UE, o Anglaterra, Dubai i Califòrnia, i una seriosa recomanació en molts altres. És per tant necessari que els alumnes de les Escoles d'Arquitectura o Facultats d'Enginyeria de la Construcció, o graus equivalents disposin de les competències i habilitats que aquesta metodologia comporta per aconseguir una fàcil incorporació al mercat laboral. Ens trobem en un moment en què cada centre, introdueix BIM a la seva manera, amb diferents metodologies, intensitats i amb molt poca literatura científica, atès que estem parlant en primer lloc d'una eina, però en el fons és una nova manera de gestionar tota la informació que gira al voltant dels processos de disseny, construcció i manteniment dels edificis i això depèn molt de cada cas particular i les persones que el gestionen. En tot cas podem trobar referències a experiments docents equivalents a l'hora d'introduir nous processos de gestió de la informació aplicada en altres camps de les ciències, però molt pocs al de l'BIM. Aquest treball de recerca educativa pretén ser un primer pas per a la creació d'una estratègia d'implantació de BIM, aportant dades científiques sobre els problemes que ens trobem a l'introduir-les. Per a això hem estudiat la introducció del BIM mitjançant l'aplicació Revit d'Autodesk, una de les més esteses en el món de la construcció. El nostre estudi s'ha centrat en els cursos de construcció de la Universitat de Emirats Àrabs Units. Uns estudis que a diferència dels espanyols, són de cicle curt i en un context professional en el qual els arquitectes han de col·laborar obligatòriament amb enginyers per poder dissenyar i construir els seus edificis. Aspecte que es repeteix en la majoria de països i on el seu currículum acadèmic no insisteix en l'adquisició de competències tècniques de càlcul. L'interès rau en aquest cas a avaluar si en terminis de temps més curts i amb continguts teòrics més acotats, segueix sent vàlida aquesta estratègia BIM, que parteix de la base que el processos de disseny i construcció d'un edifici és un treball multidisciplinari i coordinat de molts professionals diferents i per això el BIM és l'eina adequada. Per a ells hem estudiat el rendiment acadèmic, la motivació i la satisfacció dels estudiants a través de l'ús d'enquestes, comparativa d'exercicis, notes i entrevistes als estudiants; així com les experiències dels professors que imparteixen els cursos. Les dades analitzades ens han servit per determinar problemes d'implantació, conductes a evitar i elements a tenir en compte a l'hora d'introduir BIM-Revit en els cursos de construcció. Aquesta tesi acaba amb l'avaluació de dos diferents metodologies per introduir BIM en els cursos de construcció i una sèrie de directrius per a la correcta implantació d'aquesta nova eina. Pel que fa al futur d'aquesta investigació, es pretén expandir aquesta investigació a mes universitats, començant per la universitat americana de Ras Al Khaimah i tractant d'estendre-pels membres de la "Academic for interoperatibility Coalition (AIC)" a la qual pertanyo i hi ha afiliades 48 universitats de tot el món i combinar-la amb una altra investigació sobre BIM a acadèmia en la qual estic participant i en la qual el focus és sobretot els "Students Learning Outcomes" (SLO) s; per últim es va a començar un altre projecte d'investigació per al desenvolupament d'una guia per a la implantació de BIM en el currículum dels programes d'Arquitectura, enginyeria i construcció
31
Grote, Christoph. "Entwicklung und Validierung eines automatisierten Systems zur quasi-kontinuierlichen Analyse organischer Wasserinhaltsstoffe mittels Festphasenmikroextraktion (SPME)." [S.l. : s.n.], 1999. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=95763286X.
32
Belikov, Andrew. "Development and implementation of the quasi-online archive system for the mixed astrometrical and photometrical data." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB11878639.
33
BORSATO, VERONICA. "Il sito di interesse comunitario "Foresta del Cansiglio-Regione Veneto" (SIC-ZPS IT3230077). Studio fitocenotico delle zone umide e delle praterie quale base della loro gestione naturalistica." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11368/2908050.
Анотація:
Viene studiata la vegetazione di 20 siti umidi (17 "lame"-pozze d’acqua, 2 torbiere attive e 1 torbiera inattiva) e delle praterie del SIC-ZPS "Foresta del Cansiglio-Regione Veneto". Complessivamente sono state trovate 34 fitocenosi, appartenenti a 8 classi vegetazionali, la più rappresentata delle quali è la Phragmito-Magnocaricetea. Questo studio ha anche indagato le relazioni tra i macromiceti e le briofite e le comunità vegetali. Lo studio della flora ha condotto alla stesura della check-list delle piante vascolari. Per una migliore comprensione delle fitocenosi sono stati rielaborati i dati climatici ed è stata costruita una nuova carta dei suoli del SIC-ZPS. Sono state anche annotate le presenze zoologiche incontrate ed è stata stesa la check-list degli odonati.This science project deals with the vegetation of 20 wetlands (17 "lame" -ponds, 2 bogs and 1 former bog) and grasslands of SIC-ZPS "Cansiglio Forest-Veneto Region". Altogether 34 plant communities have been classified, belonging to 8 classes of vegetation, the most represented of which is the Phragmito-Magnocaricetea. This study also investigates the relationships between macromycetes and bryophytes and plant communities. The study of flora has led to the creation of a checklist of vascular plants. For a better understanding of plant communities, climatic data have been revised and a new soil map of SIC-ZPS has been made. Encounters with wild animals have been noted down and a checklist of Odonata (dragonflies) has been drawn up.
34
Hastrich, Markus. "Untersuchung der Einflussparameter bei der Herstellung optisch transparenter Modelle mittels Fräsen als quasi-generativem Rapid-Prototyping-Verfahren." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=982441371.
35
Kollmann, Markus. "Dynamics and microstructure of interacting Brownian particle systems : electrokinetic effects, (quasi)-two-dimensional systems and sphere caging /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB9674490.
36
Watanabe, Fernanda Sayuri Yoshino [UNESP]. "Parameterization of bio-optical models for estimating chlorophyll-a concentration in a tropical eutrophic reservoir." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138176.
Анотація:
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
The aim of this research was to parameterize and calibrate models based on remote sensing data in order to estimate accurately the chlorophyll-a concentration, [Chl-a], in a tropical eutrophic reservoir. Firstly, a bio-optical characterization was conducted to identify particularities in the study area. Thus, existing empirical models and quasi-analytical algorithms (QAA) were tested and, after, parameterized and calibrated for the investigated environment. Such models derive [Chl-a] and inherent optical properties (IOPs), respectively, from remote sensing reflectance (Rrs). This research was developed in the Barra Bonita hydroelectric reservoir (BBHR), lies in Tietê River (Brazil). Reservoirs are artificial environments which change severely the hydrodynamic of rivers and the biogeochemical balance of aquatic systems. Such alterations can lead to unique bio-optical status and, consequently, models developed for rivers and lakes are not suitable to explain the processes which happen in reservoirs. The trophic state is an important water quality parameter and can be determined based on Chl-a concentration, photosynthetically active pigment present in all the phytoplankton species and detected by remote sensors. Therefore, the use of orbital and aerial images is a viable alternative to monitoring of trophic state in these environments. Results showed that bio-optical status in BBHR is remarkable different compared to other aquatic systems found in literature, corroborated by inaccurate performance of models proposed to other areas. The parameterization and calibration proposed in this research estimated accurately Chl-a concentration, mainly, adopting absorption coefficients derived by QAA. The fitted models can be used in mapping trophic state and frequent monitoring of water quality in BBHR by environmental agency and hydroelectric plant managers. In addition, it is likely that the parameters proposed in this research are suitable for other inland waters.
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi parametrizar e calibrar modelos baseado em dados de sensoriamento remoto para estimar acuradamente a concentração da clorofila-a, [Chl-a], em um reservatório tropical e eutrofizado. Primeiramente, uma caracterização bio-óptica da área estudo foi realizada para identificar particularidades do ambiente. Então, modelos empíricos e algoritmos quase-analíticos (QAA) existentes foram testados e, posteriormente parametrizados e calibrados para o ambiente investigado. Tais modelos derivam a [Chl-a] e propriedades ópticas inerentes (POIs), respectivamente, a partir da reflectância de sensoriamento remoto (Rrs). Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida no reservatório da hidroelétrica de Barra Bonita (RHBB), localizado no Rio Tietê (Brasil). Reservatórios são ambientes artificiais que modificam severamente a hidrodinâmica de rios e o equilíbrio biogeoquímico do ecossistema aquático. Tais alterações podem proporcionar características bio-ópticas únicas ao ambiente e modelos para rios e lagos podem não ser adequados para explicar os processos que ocorrem em reservatórios. O grau de eutrofização é um importante parâmetro de qualidade da água e pode ser determinado com base na [Chl-a], pigmento fotossiteticamente ativo presente em todas as espécies de fitoplâncton, detectado por sensores remotos. Portanto, o uso de imagens orbitais e aerotransportadas é uma alternativa viável para o monitoramento do estado trófico desses ambientes. Resultados mostram que as características bio-ópticas em RHBB são consideravelmente diferentes de outros ambientes pesquisados na literatura, corroborado com desempenho não acurado de modelos propostos para outros ambientes. A parametrização e calibração propostas nesta pesquisa estimaram acuradamente a [Chl-a], principalmente, adotando os coeficientes de absorção derivados do QAA. Os modelos ajustados podem ser utilizados no mapeamento do estado trófico e monitoramento periódico da qualidade da água em RHBB por agências ambientes e gestores de usinas hidroelétricas. Além disso, é provável que os parâmetros propostos nesta pesquisa sejam adequados para outras águas continentais.
CNPq: 200157/2015-9
37
Yu, Ji-Young. "Neutrino interactions and nuclear effects in oscillation experiments and the nonperturbative dispersive sector in strong (quasi-) Abelian fields." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=964757303.
38
Noster, Ulf. "Zum Verformungsverhalten der Magnesiumbasislegierungen AZ31 und AZ91 bei zyklischen und quasi-statischen Beanspruchungen im Temperaturbereich 20-300C." Kassel : Kassel Univ. Press, 2003. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=970518994.
39
Schiller, Martin. "Quantenoszillationsexperimente an quasi-zweidimensionalen organischen Metallen : (BEDT-TTF) 4 (Ni(dto) 2 ) und Kappa-(BEDT-TTF) 2 I 3 /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB10067912.
40
ROSAS, MICHELA. "Analisi dell’espressione della fosfoERK quale strumento di indagine per la caratterizzazione della sensibilità alle sostanze d’abuso in linee di ratti geneticamente selezionati." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266619.
Анотація:
Clinical studies indicate that genetically determined personality traits, such as sensation
seeking and impulsivity, are associated with increased drug addiction liability. Thus, in spite
of the fact that for instance a prolonged ethanol exposure is an essential precondition to
develop the disease, genetic factors account for about 50-60% of the risk of developing
alcoholism. These observations have stimulated the use of selected strains and lines of
rodents as models to investigate genetically determined differences in behavioral and
neurochemical traits related to addictive disorders. Among those, the Roman high (RHA)- and
low (RLA)-avoidance rats are selectively bred for rapid vs poor acquisition of active
avoidance, respectively, and differ markedly in emotional reactivity, coping style, and
behavioral and neurochemical responses to a number of drugs of abuse such as morphine,
ethanol and psychostimulants. On the other hand, one of the most efficacious approaches to
model several aspects of alcoholism is represented by the use of rat lines selectively bred
for high ethanol preference or excessive ethanol drinking that represent well-suited
experimental models to investigate the biological bases of alcoholism by virtue of their
predictive, face, and construct validity. In particular, Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats
constitute one of these rat lines selectively bred for excessive ethanol intake. Thus, when
given a choice between 10% (v/v) ethanol and water, under the standard, home cage 2-bottle
regimen, with unlimited access for 24 h/day, sP rats display a clear preference for the
ethanol solution and daily consume 6 to 7 g/kg of pure ethanol.
Among the kinases and transcription factors that have been deeply investigated in the recent
years for their involvement in the molecular basis of addiction, the extracellular signalregulated
kinase (ERK) occupies a strategic position, both at the cytoplasmic and nuclear
level. In fact, activation of ERK is critical for memory formation and consolidation in
different tasks such as conditioned taste aversion and fear conditioning, but it also appears
critical in synaptic plasticity, as well as in synapse formation and function. Activation of ERK
is also critical for long-term potentiation, a phenomenon of long-lasting synaptic plasticity
that allows the characterization of the role of transduction molecules in the processes of
learning and formation of long-term memories. In addition, in mature neurons, activation of
ERK is involved in the mechanism of action of addictive drugs and its expression in dopaminerich
terminal areas plays a critical role in several of their psychopharmacological effects,
including their ability to sustain acquisition of conditioned place preference. However, some controversial findings still remain on the effects of morphine on ERK phosphorylation in the
nucleus accumbens. Similarly, the issue of genetically determined differences among pairs of
rat lines selectively bred for rapid vs slow acquisition of active avoidance (RHA vs RLA) and
for high vs poor ethanol preference or excessive ethanol drinking (sP vs sNP) has never been
systematically investigated. Hence, in order to gain insights on the differential sensitivity in
terms of activated ERK in brain structures of the mesolimbic system and extended amygdala
of such rat lines, the present study was devoted to investigate these issues by assessing the
ability of morphine to activate ERK phosphorylation in the shell (AcbSh) and core (AcbC) of
the nucleus accumbens (Acb) of Roman RHA and RLA, Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats as well
as in CD-1 mice and C57BL6J mice. This study was also aimed at comparing the effects of
acute cocaine administration in Roman rats, and of ethanol administration in sP vs sNP rats,
on ERK phosphorylation in Acb, prelimbic (PrL) and infralimbic (IL) prefrontal cortex (PFCx)
and nuclei of the extended amygdala (BSTL, CeA and BLA).
The results of these experiments demonstrate 1) that morphine significantly decreased Acb
pERK expression, as determined by counting the number of pERK positive cells/area, in RLA,
Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats, 2) failed to either decrease or increase this measure in
Acb of RHA rats and 3) significantly increased pERK expression in both CD-1 and C57BL6J
mice. Ethanol (1 g/kg) significantly increased pERK immunoreactivity in AcbSh and AcbC of sP
but not sNP rats. Conversely, ethanol failed to affect pERK expression in PrL and IL PFCx as
well as in BSTL and CeA of both sP and sNP rats. In RHA but not RLA rats, cocaine (5 mg/kg)
increased pERK in the IL PFCx and AcbSh, two areas involved in its acute effects, but did not
modify pERK in the PrL PFCx and AcbC, which mediate the chronic effects of cocaine.
These findings suggest that the lack of stimulation of pERK expression observed in RHA rats
after morphine administration may be of considerable importance and significance, given the
enhanced responsiveness of these animals to the neurochemical and behavioral effects of
morphine; these findings also confirm previously reported differential effects of morphine
on ERK phosphorylation in the Acb of rats vs mice and call for further experiments to
elucidate the significance of the property of morphine to either increase and decrease pERK
expression in rodents’ AcbSh and AcbC. The results also show that ethanol activated ERK
differentially in Acb and PFCx of sP and sNP rats and indicate that selective breeding of
these rat lines resulted in a double dissociation of the effects of acute ethanol on ERK phosphorylation in brain regions critical for ethanol’s psychopharmacological effects.
Furthermore, these results extend to pERK expression previous findings on the greater
sensitivity to acute cocaine of RHA vs RLA rats and confirm the notion that genetic factors
influence the differential responses to addictive drugs. In conclusion, these findings support
the view that the genetically selected rat lines represent a valid model to investigate the
neural basis of the individual vulnerability to drug addiction and that pERK phosphorylation in
nuclei of extended amygdala represents a valuable dynamic marker of drug-induced neuronal activation .
41
Klare, Jens. "Quasi periodicity in the Parsec scale jet of the quasar 3C 345 a high resolution study using VSOP and VLBA /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=967764130.
42
Scharwächter, Julia. "Merger dynamics and stellar populations in the host galaxies of the quasi-stellar objects I Zw 1 and 3C 48." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=974672068.
43
Gortan, Emmanuelle. "Misura dello stato idrico di fraxinus ornus L. quale biomonitor dell'aridità ambientale in siti diversi del carso triestino." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/2658.
Анотація:
2006/2007L'aridità è una condizione ambientale che comporta una ridotta disponibilità d'acqua per le piante all'interno del suolo. La disponibilità d'acqua rappresenta, unitamente alla temperatura, il fattore ambientale che più di ogni altro condiziona la distribuzione e la produttività primaria della vegetazione. Poiché una prolungata aridità ambientale ha serie conseguenze sulla produttività degli ecosistemi forestali e sulla sopravvivenza di alcune specie vegetali meno competitive di altre in tali condizioni, è di fondamentale importanza quantificare il livello di aridità ambientale per poterne prevedere l'impatto attuale e le tendenze in atto. Il progetto di ricerca si poneva quindi l’obiettivo di individuare e definire un indice di aridità ambientale, che consentisse di rappresentare le relazioni che la pianta contrae con l’acqua presente nell’ambiente in funzione della risposta fisiologica della pianta al variare del contenuto idrico del suolo, attraverso un valore unico a significato ecofisiologico. L'individuazione di un parametro ecofisiologico in grado di stimare in modo affidabile l'impatto dello stress idrico poneva le basi per valutare possibili correlazioni con parametri ottenibili con il telerilevamento. Un'altra finalità del lavoro era, infatti, l'individuazione di un parametro di riferimento mediante l'utilizzo di tecniche di telerilevamento da satellite da applicare nello “scaling up” ecologico, che a partire dallo studio dell'impatto dello stress idrico su singole specie potesse indagare sistemi di vegetazione sempre più grandi nell'ottica di sviluppare una visione olistica di grandi aree in relazione all'aridità ambientale. La specie vegetale che è stata scelta come potenziale biomonitor è Fraxinus ornus L. ossia l'orniello, che è stato selezionato in quanto trattasi di una specie vegetale che si distingue per la notevole capacità di resistenza a condizioni di stress idrico e proprio per questa sua capacità, è una specie diffusa in una grande varietà di ambienti. L'area di studio scelta è stata la provincia di Trieste ed in particolare l'area carsica. Questa zona, infatti, offre l'opportunità di eseguire significativi biomonitoraggi per valutazioni quantitative e qualitative sull'ambiente, in quanto presenta una elevata variabilità di substrati litologici, costituiti da rocce soggette a fenomeni di dissoluzione da parte delle acque meteoriche chimicamente aggressive (rocce carsificabili), a cui sono associati diversi tipi di circolazione idrica. La presenza di una fitta rete di fessure e fratture nei substrati geologici a tratti determina un forte drenaggio dell'acqua all'interno del suolo dovuto a percolamento della stessa verso gli strati più profondi. Nella zona del Carso triestino, sono state selezionate 21 stazioni in base ad un criterio geomorfologico noto come carsificabilità, che misura in modo indiretto e qualitativo la capacità di campo di un suolo, e in modo tale da ricoprire tutto il territorio dell'area carsica all'interno della provincia di Trieste. Al fine di identificare quale fosse il parametro fisiologico o morfologico che meglio si addicesse allo scopo della ricerca, sono stati misurati nel periodo da Maggio a Settembre i parametri relativi alle relazioni pianta-acqua generalmente correlati allo stress idrico e cioè la conduttanza fogliare al vapore d'acqua (gL), il potenziale dell'acqua della foglia (Ψfoglia) e la conduttanza idraulica della foglia (Kfoglia). Contestualmente, sono stati misurati anche i diametri dei vasi xilematici. Grazie all'analisi di questi parametri è stato possibile eseguire uno studio biofisico accurato del comportamento idraulico dell'orniello in condizioni di limitazione della disponibilità d'acqua. Da questi dati emerge che la conduttanza fogliare al vapore d'acqua (gL) è il parametro più affidabile a rappresentare l'indice di aridità ambientale, in quanto è risultato essere il più sensibile alle variazioni nella disponibilità d'acqua. Il tentativo di integrare i dati di campo relativi a gL con quelli ottenuti mediante elaborazione di immagini satellitari non ha portato ai risultati sperati. L'indice ottenuto da dati telerilevati è risultato poco promettente come indice di riferimento per la realizzazione di uno “scaling-up”, in quanto non è risultato essere in grado di rilevare condizioni di stress idrico in aree caratterizzate da forte drenaggio dell'acqua (aree ad alta carsificabilità). L'applicabilità delle tecniche di telerilevamento da satellite nel monitoraggio dell'aridità ambientale risulta quindi fortemente limitata dalla struttura geomorfologica del territorio oggetto di studio.
XX Ciclo
1973
44
Tolonen, Erik. "Evaporation Characteristics of a Liquid Bio-Fuel from Chicken Litter." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26060.
Анотація:
Alternative fuels are becoming more important as fossil fuels become more expensive. This thesis describes the production and properties of a bio-oil produced from waste biomass, in this case chicken litter. A higher quality fuel was produced through thermal and chemical upgrading of the raw bio-oil; this fuel is similar in some respects to fossil fuels, as it has a high hydrocarbon content and energy density comparable to gasoline.
Combustion of liquid fuels commonly occurs in clouds of droplets, and studying the evaporation of single liquid drops provides information on the evaporation characteristics of the fuel as a whole. Droplet evaporation tests on the chicken litter fuel were carried out using the suspended droplet/moving furnace technique. For some tests, a fine wire thermocouple was used as the droplet suspension in order to measure the distillation characteristics of the fuel. An existing computational model based on continuous ther- modynamics was used to model the evaporation of the fuel. The modelled composition of the fuel was based on an existing pyrolysis field ionization mass spectrometry (Py-FIMS) analysis and used five major groups of compounds. The properties for these groups re- quired for the model were determined using several prediction methods and the values then used in a numerical model.
Model predictions of droplet temperatures calculated for the fuel showed good agree- ment with the measured temperatures, indicating that the modelled composition gave an accurate picture of the fuel. Droplet evaporation histories also agreed well with mea- surements, but were not capable of reproducing the observed disruption of the droplet produced by internal boiling at higher temperatures, nor the formation of a solid residue at the end of evaporation. Further enhancements to the model should allow the prediction of residue formation.Model predictions of droplet temperatures calculated for the fuel showed good agree- ment with the measured temperatures, indicating that the modelled composition gave an accurate picture of the fuel. Droplet evaporation histories also agreed well with mea- surements, but were not capable of reproducing the observed disruption of the droplet produced by internal boiling at higher temperatures, nor the formation of a solid residue at the end of evaporation. Further enhancements to the model should allow the prediction of residue formation.
45
Hoffmann, Michael. "Frenkel and Charge-Transfer Excitons in Quasi-One-Dimensional Molecular Crystals with Strong Intermolecular Orbital Overlap." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2000. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-994680323218-86403.
Анотація:
We present a theoretical and experimental study on the lowest electronically excited states in quasi-one-dimensional molecular crystals. The specific calculations and the experiments are performed for the model compounds MePTCDI (N-N'-dimethylperylene-3,4:9,10-dicarboximide) and TCDA(3,4:9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride). The intermolecular interactions between nearest neighbors are quantum chemically analyzed on the basis of semi-empirical (ZINDO/S) Hartree-Fock calculations and a singly excited configuration interaction scheme. Supermolecular dimer states are projected onto a basis set of localized excitations. The nature of the lowest states is then completely explained as a superposition of molecular and low lying charge-transfer excitations. The CT excitations show a significant intrinsic transition dipole, which is oriented approximately parallel to the molecular planes and has a large component along the molecular M-axis. The exciton states in the one-dimensional stacks are described by a model Hamiltonian that includes interactions between three vibronic levels of the lowest molecular excitation and nearest-neighbor CT excitations. The three-dimensional crystal structure is considered by Frenkel exciton transfer between arbitrary molecules. This model is compared to polarized absorption spectra. With a small set of parameters, we can describe the key features of the absorption spectra, the polarization behavior, and the Davydov splitting. The variation of the polarization ratio for the various exciton states is analyzed as a direct qualitative proof for the mixing between Frenkel and charge-transfer excitons.
46
Grube, Boris. "A trigger control system for COMPASS and a measurement of the transverse polarization of L [lambda] and Q [xi] hyperons from quasi-real photo-production." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=98014714X.
47
Suàrez-Baltodano, Pedro. "Intellectual property rights, global competition and transfer of technology : prospects for a global system of innovation rights based on the quasi-contract of unjust enrichment /." Konstanz, 1999. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=960383956.
48
Suárez-Baltodano, Pedro. "Intellectual property rights, global competition and transfer of technology prospects for a global system of innovation rights based on the quasi-contract of unjust enrichment /." [S.l. : s.n.], 1999. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=960383956.
49
Wiesmann, Michael. "A silicon microstrip detector for COMPASS and a first measurement of the transverse polarization of L0-hyperons [Lambda-0-hyperons] from quasi-real photo-production." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=970935900.
50
Bergo, Monica. "Il principio di sussidiarietà come paradigma costituzionale di elaborazione di nuovi diritti sociali." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3427444.
Анотація:
This thesis investigates the main literature on the causes of welfare state crisis, and on its effects for the protection of social rights.
Out of this debate has emerged at least one possible pathway into the future of public problem-solving, that involves a new role for citizens, that are no more conceived as consumers but as active protagonists in the common good production and achievement. The principle of subsidiarity represents a key to discover how to best shape the relationships between the government and civil society.
Part I of this dissertation explores the origins and extension of the interaction between democracy and subsidiarity.
Chapter one observes the social rights development, from their rise during the Post World War II, until the crisis that has begun to start in the ‘80s.
Chapter two explores the philosophical and historical origins of the principle of subsidiarity. Specifically, are highlighted the most significant similarities between the catholic and secular conceptions of the principle, as well as the more recent meanings it has achieved.
Chapter three zeros in new welfare polices that are being enacted in some European states, with specific regard to tax-related tools.
Part II of this dissertation explores welfare reforms enacted by post-modern states, by considering four case-studies among Italy, France, Great Britain and United States.
Chapter one describes new policies and tools adopted in Italy for the protection of social rights under the new division of powers between State and Regions drawn from the Reform of Title V of the Constitution. The exposition focuses in particular on regional school vouchers; accreditation and certification for private facilities in the health system and the recent labor voucher.
Chapter two outlines the recent reforms in France for the protection and development of services for people. In particular, it examines the implications of the introduction of labor voucher “CESU”.
Chapter three deals with the evolution of the British welfare system, from the formulation of the theory of Third Way, to the idea of Big Society recently launched by Prime Minister Cameron, through the analysis of innovative models of governance, such as quasi-markets, which have found a significant spread in the fields of education and healthcare.
Chapter four examines the issue of Intergovernmental Relations in the federal system the United States of America. The analysis of the tools of government developed by the American literature to explain the complexity of the U.S. welfare system, brings out the theory of New Governance, which introduces a new perspective in the relationship between centers of government and other stakeholders.
The inquiry pointed out that the models examined, despite the differences in shapes and definition, share a common foundation, precisely in the specific idea of the man and as the value of its initiative. This foundation seems the same idea that inspires the principle of subsidiarity: no more the individual but the person listed and designed within the social bodies to which it belongs.Questo elaborato prende in esame la maggiore dottrina nazionale e internazionale sulle cause della crisi del Welfare State e sui suoi effetti in termini di difficoltà di garantire la tutela dei diritti sociali in modo universalistico. La strada che si delinea per il futuro del problema pubblico in materia di diritti sociali richiede quanto meno un ripensamento del ruolo dello Stato e dei cittadini all’interno della società, intesi non solo come destinatari di servizi, ma anche come protagonisti nel processo di produzione e godimento del bene comune. In questo senso il principio di sussidiarietà può rappresentare la chiave di volta per una ridefinizione dei rapporti sociali, civili e politici. Nella prima parte, il primo capitolo ripercorre l’evoluzione dei diritti sociali, così come elaborati dalla teoria giuridica e dalla prassi politica, secondo lo sviluppo dei sistemi di Welfare State dal secondo dopoguerra fino alla loro crisi. Il capitolo II approfondisce le origini della sussidiarietà attraverso l’individuazione di importanti affinità fra il pensiero cattolico e quello laico, con particolare attenzione alle più recenti interpretazioni del principio. Il capitolo III prende in esame le nuove politiche di welfare adottate in Italia e in Europa, in particolare quelle di natura fiscale. Nella seconda parte di questo elaborato si documentano le riforme del welfare in corso in Italia, Francia, Gran Bretagna e Stati Uniti nei settori della sanità, dell’istruzione e dei servizi sociali. Il capitolo I si sofferma su alcune importanti misure sociali adottate in Italia, nell’ambito della nuova suddivisione delle competenze fra Stato e Regioni, disegnata dalla riforma del titolo V della Costituzione, a partire dai livelli essenziali delle prestazioni. Vengono esaminati i casi dei buoni scuola regionali, dell’accreditamento e della certificazione per le strutture private nel settore sanitario e del buono lavoro. Il capitolo II espone le recenti riforme adottate in Francia per la tutela e lo sviluppo dei servizi alla persona. In particolare, vengono esaminate le maggiori implicazioni derivanti dall’introduzione del buono lavoro CESU. Il capitolo III affronta l’evoluzione del sistema di welfare britannico, dalla formulazione della teoria della Terza via, fino alla recente idea di Big Society lanciata dal premier Cameron, passando attraverso l’analisi di modelli innovativi di governance, come quello dei quasi-mercati, che ha trovato una rilevante diffusione nei settori dell’educazione e della sanità. Il capitolo IV prende in esame il tema delle Intergovernmental relations nel sistema federale degli Stati Uniti d’America. L’analisi sugli strumenti di governance elaborati dalla dottrina americana per spiegare la complessità del sistema di welfare statunitense, porta alla luce la teoria della New Governance, che introduce una nuova prospettiva nel rapporto fra centri di governo e gli altri attori. A conclusione di questo elaborato si osserva come alla base dei modelli esaminati si ponga innanzitutto una precisa idea di uomo e del valore della sua iniziativa, la stessa idea che ispira il principio di sussidiarietà: non più l’individuo, ma la persona inserita e concepita all’interno dei gruppi sociali cui appartiene. La Big Society della Gran Bretagna richiama allora l’idea italiana di Welfare Society proposta dal recente Libro Bianco sul Welfare, mentre negli Stati Uniti prende le sembianze della New Governance, elaborata quasi trent’anni fa.