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1
M. Teresa, Brady. "Lollard Sources of ‘The Pore Caitif’." Traditio 44 (1988): 389–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s036215290000711x.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The extraordinary productivity of John Wycliffe and his followers is evident in the number of their extensive projects that despite ecclesiastical condemnation survived to modern times: the large corpus of Wycliffe's own Latin treatises and the grand-scale undertakings he inspired including the translations of the Bible, the Glossed Gospels, the vernacular sermon cycle, the multiple versions of the Floretum, and the numerous Lollard tracts. Fourteenth- and fifteenth-century writers in England would inevitably have been aware of these Wycliffite resources, and the present study will indicate that the compiler of the orthodox collection of Middle English tracts known as The Pore Caitif (PC), ca. 1395–1402, used several of the great Lollard reference works in assembling his materials. In four sections below, evidence is presented that links The Pore Caitif to the Glossed Gospels, an Early Version of the Wycliffite Bible (EV), the Lollard translation of the pseudo-Augustinian De salutaribus documentis, and possibly the Floretum.
2
Green, R. Jeffrey. "Translating Ethnonyms in Inuit Bibles." Bible Translator 73, no. 1 (April 2022): 53–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20516770221086946.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study examines the translation of ethnonyms in Inuit Bible translations. An overview of the meanings associated with the concept of ethnicity is provided, followed by an introduction to Inuit languages and the history of Inuit Bible translation. Inuit translations of seven Bible passages containing ethnonyms are analyzed and evaluated. Recommendations are given which can benefit translation teams who are considering how best to express the meanings associated with some ethnonyms in the Bible.
3
Morris, James W. "Qur'an Translation and the Challenges of Communication: Towards a ‘Literal’ Study-Version of the Qur'an." Journal of Qur'anic Studies 2, no. 2 (October 2000): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jqs.2000.2.2.53.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The concerns and observations outlined in this paper are largely the result of teaching and otherwise attempting to communicate the Qur'an and its meaning to English-speaking undergraduates and others with no first-hand knowledge of the Arabic Qur'an. Among the many possible aims of Qur'an translations (e.g. conveying the music or poetic impact of the Arabic recitation, providing a captivating and pleasing text for ritual purposes [cf. The King James Bible], preserving the jafrī/mathematical dimensions of the Arabic calligraphy, etc.) one important need – especially in contexts relating to Islamic Studies – is to provide a more ‘literal’ version of the Qur'an that would help the non-Arabist reader to grasp the inner connections between the Qur'anic text itself and the multiple dimensions of its inspiration and impact in all the relevant areas of the Islamic humanities; not only in subsequent literary interpretations and elaborations (the Arabic religious and legal sciences, philosophy, cosmology, spirituality, ‘sectarian’ readings), but also in other aesthetic domains (poetry, music, architecture, visual arts). Such a version clearly does not yet exist (in any major European language, to the best of my knowledge). This paper reviews a number of fundamental considerations which should be kept in mind in the process of creating a serious student's English version of the Qur'an, more accurately conveying the actual meanings and structures of the original Arabic.
4
Fan, Weixia. "A Study on Translation Expressions by Contrasting Chinese and Korean Bibles versions: Focused on 『Chinese Union Version with New Punctuation』 and 『New Korean Revised Version』." K Association of Education Research 9, no. 1 (February 28, 2024): 139–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.48033/jss.9.1.7.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this study, looking back on the flow and main translations of the Chinese Bible and Korean Bible translators, especially Chinese Character Bible which had an impact on early Korean Bible translations and even the modern chinese and Korean Bibles. Based on this, we selected the contents of some texts from among the modern Bible translations 『Chinese Union version with New Punctuation』 and 『New Korean Revised Version』, which account for the largest proportion of use in denominations in China, overseas, and Korea respectively, as subjects of comparative studies. Various aspects of vocabulary and grammatical translation expressions related to two traditional translation methods and translation expressions were examined here. This aims to help understand and interpret the style and expression content related to the translation methods of the modern Chinese and Korean Bibles by presenting the linguistic difference between the two languages and also the commonalities and differences in the translation method and translation expression according to the nature of the Bible itself.
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Kazakov, G. A. "Lexical Aspects of Russian Bible Translations." Nauchnyi dialog, no. 6 (June 24, 2021): 59–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2021-6-59-77.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article is devoted to the study of the lexical aspects of Russian Bible translations of the 19th—21st centuries in comparative coverage and is a continuation of a study pre-viously conducted by reference to English Bibles. A historical overview of the existing Russian translations is given (the Synodal translation and the texts preceding it, the New Testament of Bishop Cassian, the Bible of the World Bible Translation Center, the “Central Asian translation”, the translation of Jehovah’s Witnesses, the Bible of the Inter-national Bible Society, the modern translation of the Russian Bible Society, the “Zaoksky Bible”). Special attention is paid to modern editions. Samples of texts are compared according to the lexical parameters of adaptiveness, terminologicalness, style and literalness. On the basis of this comparison, a classification of the considered translations is proposed, and their typological features and interconnections are established. The lexical nature of translations is interpreted in terms of their sociolinguistic effect (public perception). The data obtained confirms the pattern previously found in the English-language Bibles — the inverse relationship between adaptiveness on the one hand and terminologicalness, high style and literalness of the translation on the other. In terms of lexical characteristics, the Synodal and the “Central Asian” translations differ most from each other, which is probably due to their focus on church tradition and missionary goals, respectively.
6
Specland, Jeremy. "Competing Prose Psalters and Their Elizabethan Readers." Renaissance Quarterly 74, no. 3 (2021): 829–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rqx.2021.102.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Layouts and paratexts of Elizabethan prose psalters advocate two competing reading methods: reading sequentially according to the church calendar or selecting psalms by occasion. Marked psalters and bibles, however, show that Elizabethan readers often disregarded printed prescription, practicing either method, or both, as they chose. To capitalize on reader independence, printers eventually produced texts that encouraged comparative reading across multiple translations, culminating in the two-text psalter of the 1578 Geneva Bible. This episode in the history of devotional reading demonstrates the tendency of Elizabethans to slip the confessional categories into which their own texts, and later historiography, would place them.
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Ekezie Obiorah, Kenneth. "Linguistic Strategies in the Translation/Transliteration of the Names of Biblical Books into Igbo and Yoruba." Bible Translator 74, no. 1 (April 2023): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20516770231155162.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As discoveries are made, new words are needed to capture and describe the various new realities. These new words and ideas need to be either translated or transliterated into other languages for the benefit of the users of those languages. Consequently, strategies used successfully for previous translations and transliterations need to be studied, understood, and defined in order to maintain consistency in subsequent translations. It is from this perspective that this work seeks to unveil the translation and transliteration strategies employed in expressing the names of the sixty-six books of the Protestant Bible in Igbo and Yoruba. Drawing on the data sourced from Igbo and Yoruba Bibles, this study shows that literal translation, direct translations, and borrowing were used. The borrowed words were adapted into the two indigenous languages using sound substitution, sound insertion, or approximation of Igbo/Yoruba phonetic symbols to English orthography.
8
Priiki, Katri. "Changes in the proverb formula in Finnish Bibles from 1642 to 1992." Journal of Historical Sociolinguistics 8, no. 2 (October 1, 2022): 237–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jhsl-2021-0023.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The article studies a subtype of the Finnish generalizing relative clause, referred to as the proverb formula. A generalizing relative clause refers to any person who fills the described condition. The proverb formula is used frequently in the Finnish translations of the Bible in the Book of Proverbs. The study examines two aspects that vary in this structure in Finnish editions from 1642 to 1992: the head pronoun of the relative clause and the order of the relative clause and the main clause. In the oldest of the studied translations, the most frequent one variant or the proverb formula begins with the relative clause, and the relative clause head in the main clause is a personal pronoun (hän). For the order of the structure, a clear model is found in the source texts of the translation. In later editions, personal pronoun heads were eliminated. Interestingly, they are not replaced with demonstrative heads, which would follow the most frequent proverb formula structure in Finnish vernacular and would also be recommenced by grammar guides. Instead, a variant with omission of the head pronoun gains in frequency. Variations within the proverb formula increase when the order with the main clause preceding the relative clause gains in frequency. The preference for omission of the head pronouns is not easily explainable. The article proposes that this variant was a conscious stylistic choice for solemn, biblical language.
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Abebe, Berhane. "Application of elementary probability models for text homogeneity and segmentation: A case study of Bible." PLOS ONE 19, no. 6 (June 7, 2024): e0303432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0303432.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
For the purpose of this study, A statistical test of Biblical books was conducted using the recently discovered probability models for text homogeneity and text change point detection. Accordingly, translations of Biblical books of Tigrigna and Amharic (major languages spoken in Eritrea and Ethiopia) and English were studied. A Zipf-Mandelbrot distribution with a parameter range of 0.55 to 0.88 was obtained in these three Bibles. According to the statistical analysis of the texts’ homogeneity, the translation of Bible in each of these three languages was a heterogeneous concatenation of different books or genres. Furthermore, an in-depth examination of the text segmentation of prat of a single genre—the English Bible letters revealed that the Pauline letters are heterogeneous concatenations of two homogeneous segments.
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Kahn, Lily, and Riitta-Liisa Valijärvi. "The Translation of Hebrew Flora and Fauna Terminology in North Sámi and West Greenlandic fin de siècle Bibles." Bible Translator 70, no. 2 (August 2019): 125–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2051677019850884.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study is a comparative analysis of the strategies employed in the translation of geographically specific flora and fauna terminology in the first complete Hebrew Bible translations into North Sámi (1895) and West Greenlandic (1900). These two contemporaneous translations lend themselves to fruitful comparison because both North Sámi and Greenlandic are spoken in the Arctic by indigenous communities that share a similar history of colonization by Lutheran Scandinavians. Despite this common background, our study reveals a striking difference in translation methods: the North Sámi translation exhibits a systematic foreignizing, formally equivalent approach using loan words from Scandinavian languages (e.g., šakkalak “jackals” from Norwegian sjakaler, granatæbel “pomegranate” from Norwegian granateple), whereas the Greenlandic translation typically creates descriptive neologisms (e.g., milakulâĸ “the spotted one” for “leopard”) or utilizes culturally specific domesticating, dynamically equivalent Arctic terms (e.g., kingmernarssuaĸ “big lingonberry” for “pomegranate”). The article assesses the reasons behind these different translation approaches.
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Ziaud Din and Javed Khan. "The Concept of the Hell in the Leading Twentieth-Century Bibles: An Analytical and Descriptive Study." Journal of Islamic and Religious Studies 1, no. 2 (July 1, 2016): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.36476/jirs.1:2.12.2016.17.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Since Eschatological Sciences are playing a vital role in shaping theologoy and philosophy of the major world religions. The concept of Hell is conceived as a place where human actions are judged and then rewarded accordingly on the Day of Judgment. Aim of the paper is to find out how the terminlolgy of Hell and its concept is evolved in several versions of the English Bibles of the twenthith century. The paper highlighted that due to numerous English translations of the Bible in ninthenth and twentheith century, not only caused amalgamation in supplementary concepts but also caused change in the concept of Hell as well. This resulted confusion in other eschatological dogmas evolved around the subject. Keeping in view its evolved concept over the history the research shows how it affected other related concepts to it.
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LAXÉN, JANNIKA, and JEAN-MARC LAVAUR. "The role of semantics in translation recognition: effects of number of translations, dominance of translations and semantic relatedness of multiple translations." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 13, no. 2 (December 11, 2009): 157–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728909990472.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study aims to examine the influence of multiple translations of a word on bilingual processing in three translation recognition experiments during which French–English bilinguals had to decide whether two words were translations of each other or not. In the first experiment, words with only one translation were recognized as translations faster than words with multiple translations. Furthermore, when words were presented with their dominant translation, the recognition process was faster than when words were presented with their non-dominant translation. In Experiment 2, these effects were replicated in both directions of translation (L1–L2 and L2–L1). In Experiment 3, we manipulated number-of-translations and the semantic relatedness between the different translations of a word. When the two translations of a word (i.e., bateau) were related in meaning (synonyms such as the English translations boat and ship), the translation recognition process was faster than when the two translations of a word (i.e., argent) were unrelated in meaning (the two translations money and silver). The consequences of translation ambiguities are discussed in the light of the distributed conceptual feature model of bilingual memory (De Groot, 1992b; Van Hell and De Groot, 1998b).
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Parina, Elena. "Multiple Versions of Breuddwyd Pawl as a Source to Study the Work of Welsh Translators." Studia Celto-Slavica 9 (2018): 79–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.54586/elfk1935.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the study of Welsh translational texts instances of multiple translations are not rare (cf. Sims-Williams 2011, Sims-Williams in press on Historia Regum Brittaniae). Another example are Welsh versions of Visio Sancti Pauli. According to Williams 1962 three independent translations of the Latin text exist. Given the high fluidity degree of the Latin text (cf. Dwyer 2004, Jiroušková 2006) it is not surprising that these three versions have different sources. The texts in the Book of the Anchorite of Llanddewi Brefi/Peniarth 3/Peniarth 14/Peniarth 15/Peniarth 27 and in Llanstephan 4 are based on a Latin text of Silverstein’s redaction IV (Williams 1962: 123), their sources belonging to different subgroups between this redaction, as the paper will show. Texts in Shrewsbury 11/Peniarth 32/(Y Llyfr Teg)/Peniarth 50 (Y Cwta Cyfarwydd)/NLW MS. 5267/Peniarth 267 are based on Silverstein’s redaction I. This paper will show how a comparison between multiple translations, even under consideration of slightly differing sources, can provide us with new insights into the work of Welsh translators.
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Li, Zhouyuan. "Four Challenges Faced by Early Chinese Buddhist Translators: A Case Study of Zhi Qian’s Chinese Translation of Dhammapada." Religions 14, no. 8 (August 8, 2023): 1018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14081018.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study focuses on the translation of Buddhist scriptures into Chinese, specifically the Faju jing, a Chinese version of the Dhammapada completed in the third century CE. It reveals that the Faju jing is not a straightforward translation but a combination of different sources. The translator, Zhi Qian, faced challenges in integrating multiple translation practices, dealing with diverse original Indian languages, incorporating pre-existing phrases from other translators’ work, and managing divergent opinions within the translation team regarding the translation style. This multi-layered process of translation, involving the participation of multiple translators, also likely occurred in other early translations. These challenges extended beyond mere comprehension of the Indian text, resulting in potential errors and deviations from straightforward translations. It is possible that some mistranslations were a consequence of integrating multiple traditions within the source text, making it difficult for translators to maintain a consistent linguistic framework and leading to errors. Furthermore, this study highlights the remarkable efforts of Chinese translators who collaborated with foreign monks in translation groups. It emphasizes the important role of Chinese translators in integrating diverse translation processes and refining the language to suit Chinese readers. They incorporated earlier translations and modified the language to align with Chinese forms. Overall, this case study sheds light on the complexity of early Chinese Buddhist translations, influenced by the integration of multiple traditions and the localization of the texts. It underscores the significance of Chinese translators in the translation process and their contributions to the development of Chinese Buddhist literature.
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Albarakati, Mohammed A., Esraa A. Fattah, and Sameh S. Youssef. "One Novel and Multiple Voices: Tackling Euphemism in Five Arabic Translations of Animal Farm." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 14, no. 6 (November 1, 2023): 1616–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1406.20.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study investigates the processes used by George Orwell in the formation of euphemism in Animal Farm and examines how far five Arabic translations of the novel succeed in conveying the euphemistic purposes of the Source text, and the euphemism formation procedures used in these translations. There are plenty of studies on euphemism and on the novel, but not a single study on translating euphemism in Animal Farm, hence this study. Twenty euphemistic expressions are classified based on Warren’s 1992 model and their five Arabic translations are analyzed. The study finds that 95% of the expressions are rendered literally and succeed in rendering the intended meaning, maintaining the same device. The study also finds that Orwell uses a device that is not categorized in Warren’s 1992 classification of euphemism innovation model and therefore it is defined and labelled as “Overstatement Paraphrasing”.
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DEGANI, TAMAR, and NATASHA TOKOWICZ. "Ambiguous words are harder to learn." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 13, no. 3 (January 19, 2010): 299–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728909990411.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Relatively little is known about the role of ambiguity in adult second-language learning. In this study, native English speakers learned Dutch–English translation pairs that either mapped in a one-to-one fashion (unambiguous items) in that a Dutch word uniquely corresponded to one English word, or mapped in a one-to-many fashion (ambiguous items), with two Dutch translations corresponding to a single English word. These two Dutch translations could function as exact synonyms, corresponding to a single meaning, or could correspond to different meanings of an ambiguous English word (e.g., wisselgeld denotes the monetary meaning of the word change, and verandering denotes alteration). Several immediate and delayed tests revealed that such translation ambiguity creates a challenge for learners. Furthermore, words with multiple translations corresponding to the same meaning are more difficult to learn than words with multiple translations corresponding to multiple meanings, suggesting that a one-to-many mapping underlies this ambiguity disadvantage.
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Stenberg, Josh. "Multiplicity in lieu of authority." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 64, no. 4 (November 27, 2018): 579–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.00058.ste.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Over the past two decades, internet users have been the prolific producers of online English translations of Chinese classical poetry, resulting in multiple variant translations of the same short originals. This essay gives reasons for the popularity of such translations before examining how this corpus can be approached through ‘near-simultaneous reading.’ A case study of ten amateur internet translations of a line from a well-known Tang poem shows how, regardless of the deficiencies or limits of any single internet translation, a richer and more accurate understanding of the original can be achieved through reading several in succession. Insofar as it refrains from privileging any given translation, near-simultaneous reading allows the polysemy of the original to be respected by encounters with multiple versions, and puts the onus of meaning-creation on the reader. Reading in this fashion opens new avenues for imagining the multiple meanings of an original text via variants experienced in quick succession and assembled uniquely.
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Goss, Seth. "Word recognition in a language with multiple orthographies: A semantic masked-priming study of L1 Mandarin learners of L3 Japanese." Journal of Japanese Linguistics 35, no. 2 (November 26, 2019): 235–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jjl-2019-2012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract This study explored the organization of the multilingual lexicon in L3 learners of Japanese from an L1 Mandarin Chinese background. Using a masked-priming paradigm, it examined whether native-language translations of Japanese words facilitated the recognition of native-morpheme hiragana words and katakana-script loanwords to a similar degree. Participants performed a lexical decision task on a series of hiragana and katakana words, which were preceded by three prime types: noncognate translations, same-script duplicates, and unrelated words. Results showed an equal magnitude of priming from L1 translations for L3 Japanese targets in both scripts, suggesting that conceptual information is made rapidly available for word recognition via an L1 prime. However, priming in the same-script duplicate condition differed numerically between hiragana and katakana, indicating that lower-familiarity katakana loanwords are not activated as rapidly as words in the more-familiar hiragana script. Findings are discussed in relation to models of the multilingual lexicon.
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Lis, Kinga. "Richard Rolle’s Psalter Rendition: The Work of a Language Purist?" Studia Anglica Posnaniensia 50, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 45–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/stap-2015-0016.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Richard Rolle’s Psalter rendition, as any of the medieval English Psalter translations, is thickly enveloped in a set of assertions, originating in the nineteenth century, whose validity has been accepted unquestioned. It is the purpose of the present paper to investigate one such claim concerning the vocabulary selection, according to which Rolle’s rendition would employ almost exclusively lexical items of native origin, except for the instances where no proper item with native etymology presents itself in a particular context and Rolle is forced to use a Latin-derived word. The assertion generates at least two problematic issues. Firstly, it identifies Rolle’s translation as most exceptional in relation to the remaining 14th-century English Psalter translations: the Wycliffite Bibles and the Middle English Glossed Prose Psalter of which the former are asserted to be overtly influenced by the Latin text they render and the latter deeply indebted both syntactically and, more importantly, lexically to a ‘French source’. Secondly, it ascribes Richard Rolle the ideas nowadays covered by the term linguistic purism. Therefore, it seems necessary to analyse the lexical layer of the text in search of evidence, or lack thereof, which sets Rolle’s translation lexically apart from other renditions and sheds some light on the issue of Rolle’s supposed linguistic purism. Such a study is conducted on the basis of the nominal layer of the first fifty Psalms of the four relevant texts analysed in relation to their common Latin source text as only the juxtaposition of all of these enables one to (dis)prove the claim cited above. To provide a wider context from which to view them, the findings will be presented in relation to an overview of the contemporary theory of translation and set against a broadly sketched linguistic map of contemporary England.
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Kotenko, Mariana. "PECULIARITIES OF THE REPRODUCTION OF IDIOMS IN MULTIPLE UKRAINIAN TRANSLATIONS." Germanic Philology Journal of Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, no. 843 (July 2023): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/gph2023.843.147-153.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of scientific research is to investigate the appropriateness of using translation transformations for the adequate reproduction of idioms in multiple Ukrainian translations of the same literary work in order to compare and identify isomorphic and allomorphic features in the compared Ukrainian translations by M. Rudnytsky, D. Radienko and O. Andriyash. Since idioms present certain difficulties in reproducing their structure, semantics and functioning in a literary discourse, a number of Ukrainian translators used adequate translation techniques differently in order to preserve the original style of the novel under analysis. Despite numerous differences in Ukrainian translations, each of the translators tried to convey the peculiarities of the use of idioms for giving a Ukrainian reader a vivid description of literary characters, their actions, feelings, depicting events and phenomena by means of selecting accurate idiomatic expressions. The methodological basis of the study were methods of analysis and comparison which allowed us to select and find similarities and differences in depicting the author’s individual style, to compare systems of social stereotypes of that era and its reproduction in multiple Ukrainian translations. The novel ‘Wuthering Heights’ by the British writer Emily Brontë was chosen for analysis not by chance, because its translation was done by translators at different times from the moment of writing the original, so one of the research methods was to compare the selected translation strategies, techniques and methods used for revealing the meanings of idioms to a Ukrainian reader. The analysis show that Ukrainian translators in the process of translating idioms often resorted to the following basic translation strategies: paraphrasing, choosing the adequate Ukrainian analogues with similar meanings and forms, literal translation, the complete omission of idioms in the translation or revealing the idiomatic meanings in other ways. The analysis of the idioms selected from Emily Bronte's novel ‘Wuthering Heights’ showed that choosing an adequate translation strategy required the considerable knowledge of idioms, their structural and semantic peculiarities, linguistic erudition and translation skills. The study of idioms with a color component can serve as a prospect for further research.
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Li, Yan, Muhammad Afzaal, and Yixin Yin. "A lexicon-based diachronic comparison of emotions and sentiments in literary translation: A case study of five Chinese versions of David Copperfield." PLOS ONE 19, no. 2 (February 13, 2024): e0297101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0297101.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the Chinese context, translations have served as a useful conduit for providing access to wider literature authored in other languages. A prominent question has been whether translators’ linguistic choices are influenced by factors such as translators’ social and cultural background and emotions towards the texts they are translating. When multiple translations of the same text over a span of time are produced, another layer of complexity is introduced, and research such as the present study, must examine how or whether variation in the expression of emotions within translations produced over a period of time is discernible. To this end, the present study made use of Lexicon-based Sentiment Analysis (LBSA), a common natural language processing (NLP) approach, to study people’s attitudes, opinions or emotions towards a certain person or thing. LBSA has attracted much attention in the literary works or translated works for analyzing reader response and appraisal of the works themselves. The present study undertook a diachronic comparison of emotions and sentiments in five translations of David Copperfield based on the emotion lexicons. The corpus of the study comprised translations of five books and 3,084,599 tokens. We applied the computational method of emotion and sentiment analysis to the emotion words in the five translations. In addition, we used python and R package to analyze the positive and negative words in five versions. The study revealed that translators as social beings in the target world express unique reactions towards the same emotion in the original text as well as in literary translations. Yet, the modern vernacular Chinese versions also showcase a similarity in the expression of emotions thus demonstrating the decisive role of the overall flow of emotion in the original plays and in translation. The contribution of the study is significant as it is a pioneering investigation given that it undertakes a sentiment and emotion analysis of literary translations in Chinese.
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Shengying, Zhang, Yang Jun, Xu Wei, and Wang Guotuan. "On writing and using the terms wushu and gongfu in Russian." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2022, no. 5-1 (May 1, 2022): 256–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202205statyi25.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There are multiple Russian translations for the terms wushu (martial arts) and gongfu (kung fu). This study employed several methods to investigate the various written forms of wushu and gongfu in Russian, including a literature review, interviews, and logic analysis, thereby allowing further in-depth discussions on the global development of wushu culture. Ultimately, the findings suggest that the most accurate Russian translations of wushu and gongfu are “ушу” and “гунфу”, respectively.
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Gary Vincent L. Mengullo. "Dynamics of School Management and Its Translations into School Climate." Journal of Electrical Systems 20, no. 5s (April 13, 2024): 871–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/jes.2335.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The study is grounded on Social Capital Theory and Ecological Systems which was introduced by Robert Putnam and Urie Bronfenbrenner. Through the multiple-case study among 27 participants from different secondary schools, the researcher explored participants’ experiences with the development of a positive school climate. In determining the themes of the study, the researcher utilized Braun & Clarke (2006) Six-phased Thematic Analysis and Multiple Cross-Case Analysis by Miles & Huberman (1994). Results indicated that school management practices such as Teaching and Learning, Institutional Environment and Relationships are important considerations in building a positive school climate.
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Lorch, Richard. "Greek-Arabic-Latin: The Transmission of Mathematical Texts in the Middle Ages." Science in Context 14, no. 1-2 (June 2001): 313–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889701000114.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
During the Middle Ages many Greek mathematical and astronomical texts were translated from Greek into Arabic (ca. ninth century) and from Arabic into Latin (ca. twelfth century). There were many factors complicating the study of them, such as translation from or into other languages, redactions, multiple translations, and independently transmitted scholia. A literal translation risks less in loss of meaning, but can be clumsy. This article includes lists of translations and a large bibliography, divided into sections.
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Sikatskaya, P. A., and I. A. Remorov. "Evaluating the Semantic Equivalence of a Poetic Text." Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology 22, no. 9 (December 11, 2023): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2023-22-9-53-63.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose. Some texts have been translated into another language multiple times. There are various reasons to compile a new translation of a previously translated text: some translators are not satisfied with the accuracy of the existing translations, while others try to create new interpretations. The study presents a comparative evaluation of translation equivalence on the base of one of Horace's odes, namely Ad Leuconoën (I:XI), and its 55 translations into Russian. Results. Detailed study of the problem revealed the impossibility of postulating a single scale of translation equivalence; at least for translations of a Latin poetic text, metrical, cultural, and semantic equivalence should be considered separately. The article describes the semantic equivalence. Our method is divided into two steps - semantic analysis and arithmetic calculations. First, in Horace's poem, we select 30 keywords, and then we define the actual semes for each of them in the original text and in the translations. Then we compare the semes and register the differences. At last, we determine the coefficient of semantic equivalence for every translation using the arithmetic means. Conclusion. High semantic equivalence does not always correlate with aesthetic perception. Moreover, earlier translations tend to have lesser equivalence.
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Biel, Łucja, Dariusz Koźbiał, and Katarzyna Wasilewska. "The formulaicity of translations across EU institutional genres." Corpus-Based Research in Legal and Institutional Translation 8, no. 1 (June 26, 2019): 67–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ts.00013.bie.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract This paper explores the formulaicity of EU translations into Polish across four institutional genres (legislation, judgments, reports, websites) with reference to the corresponding EU English corpora in order to understand how the degree of formulaicity is affected by the variable of genre. Formulaicity is operationalised as lexical bundles – high-frequency multi-word sequences (Biber and Barbieri 2007). The study shows a strong correlation between formulaicity and genres, as well as multiple facets of formulaicity (e.g. tokens vs. types). Our findings generally confirm the increased aggregate formulaicity of translations as regards bundle tokens for all EU genres, except for judgments, and the increased variation of bundles (types) for all the genres at the 40 occurrences per million words (pmw) threshold, although the “micro-formulaicity” threshold yielded inconclusive results. Another finding reveals a consistently low overlap of bundles between translations and non-translations. We argue that translations develop their own formulaic profiles which are levelled out compared to EU English corpora and which minimally overlap with formulaic profiles of domestic genres.
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Hustadt, Ullrich, Ana Ozaki, and Clare Dixon. "Theorem Proving for Pointwise Metric Temporal Logic Over the Naturals via Translations." Journal of Automated Reasoning 64, no. 8 (February 19, 2020): 1553–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10817-020-09541-4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract We study translations from metric temporal logic (MTL) over the natural numbers to linear temporal logic (LTL). In particular, we present two approaches for translating from MTL to LTL which preserve the complexity of the satisfiability problem for MTL. In each of these approaches we consider the case where the mapping between states and time points is given by (i) a strict monotonic function and by (ii) a non-strict monotonic function (which allows multiple states to be mapped to the same time point). We use this logic to model examples from robotics, traffic management, and scheduling, discussing the effects of different modelling choices. Our translations allow us to utilise LTL solvers to solve satisfiability and we empirically compare the translations, showing in which cases one performs better than the other. We also define a branching-time version of the logic and provide translations into computation tree logic.
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Wang, Feng (Robin), Philippe Humblé, and Wen Chen. "A Bibliometric Analysis of Translation Studies: A Case Study on Chinese Canon The Journey to the West." SAGE Open 9, no. 4 (July 2019): 215824401989426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244019894268.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A Chinese classic novel The Journey to the West (Chinese: 西游记, pinyin: Xi You Ji) has been yielding large volumes of English renditions across genres and media in the past 120 years starting in 1895. This body of renderings gives considerable material for research on how particularly translations have been handled. To give an overview of this research, this article proposes a bibliometric analysis to sketch a map of the translation studies conducted so far on The Journey to the West. A series of queries are made: which translators are most researched; which translations are most often compared with each other; which research questions are most addressed or ignored; which theories are most applied to resolve these questions. As Rovira-Esteva et al. state, “we need maps to know where we are so as to be helped instead of unconsciously being steered by them” (p. 160). The multiple and complementary perspectives we provide in this article are constructive to identify problems and lacunas and point out future directions. The present analytical framework has been applied to English translations of a Chinese classic, but we believe it can be successfully extrapolated to other similar cases.
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Yang, Shuyi. "The influence of L1 translation familiarity on the acquisition of L2 Chinese antonyms." Chinese as a Second Language (漢語教學研究—美國中文教師學會學報). The journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association, USA 56, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 21–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/csl.20003.yan.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract As a partial replication of Tagashira, Kida, and Hoshino (2010), the present study examined first language (L1) translation familiarity effect on second language (L2) antonym acquisition among English-speaking intermediate-level Chinese learners. Fifteen students learned 15 antonymous pairs with familiar or unfamiliar L1 translations and completed two multiple-choice posttests. Their learning strategies were also collected. Results showed (a) a delayed L1 familiarity effect, (b) better retention and lower interference of L2 pairs with familiar L1 translations, (c) low retention of L2 pairs with unfamiliar L1 translations for both words, and (d) more orthographic elaboration strategies employed. The findings suggest that L2 instructors present antonyms in pairs, avoid providing a single, unfamiliar L1 translation, and encourage the use of orthographic elaboration strategies.
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Ahmad, Aliyu Okuta. "Translating Polysems In The Noble Qur’an: A Comparative Morpho-Semantic Analysis Of 21st Century Translation." Tasambo Journal of Language, Literature, and Culture 2, no. 02 (June 15, 2023): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/tjllc.2023.v02i02.002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Translating the Noble Qur’an into other languages requires a lot of effort by translators, and one major semantic phenomenon that requires even greater effort to translate is polysemy, due to the multiple meanings involved. Different translators render Qur’anic polysemy differently in an attempt to capture the specific meaning of the polysemous term. A few researches on translating Qur’anic polysemy have been conducted on selected polysemous words about some well-known translations like those of Yusuf Ali, Muhsin Khan & Hilali, J. Arberry, and Emily Assami, Marry Kennedy & Amatullah Bantley etc. This study focuses on the translation of a Qur’anic polysemy of the word “rijs” in four translations of the 21st century. The aim is to examine the selected translations and compare them to determine how each of them succeeds in capturing the specific meaning of the source text, or to what extent each translation attempts to avoid meaning loss in translating the investigated. The comparison is based on the interpretations of three famous commentators; Al-Qurtubi (2006), Ibn Kathir (1997) and At-Tabari (2001). The study applies the Qualitative Comparative Analysis approach in analyzing the four translations. The findings of the study reveal that translating Qur’anic polysemy is a difficult task and that all the selected translators are aware of that fact. It also reveals that in some instances, the translations succeed in conforming to the target meaning of either of the selected interpretations and that in most cases where specific meaning is not determined, the translations resort to the primary meaning of the lexeme under study.
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Dybała, Paweł. "Translator is Wrong!: Readers’ Attitudes towards Official Manga Translations Biased by Fan-Made Scanlations." Intercultural Relations 4, no. 2(8) (February 16, 2021): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/rm.02.2020.08.03.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the knowledge of fan-made translations (scanlations) of Japanese comics (manga) influence the perception of official translations of volumes published in Poland. An analysis is performed on readers’ comments regarding the Polish translation of the Dragon Ball Super series and can be seen as a multiple-case study, showing how readers’ attitudes can be biased by their knowledge of scanlations (in both English and Polish). Criticism is analyzed using existing translation theories and explained accordingly.
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Ossa-Richardson, Anthony. "‘A Religious Attention to Minutiae’: César de Missy (1703–1775) Studies the New Testament." Erudition and the Republic of Letters 1, no. 2 (March 4, 2016): 151–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24055069-00102002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
“This article offers a portrait of the milieu and scholarly activity of César de Missy, an assiduous and richly connected but hitherto unknown member of the Republic of Letters in eighteenth-century London. De Missy preached at Huguenot churches and collected books, especially bibles: he published little, but left a great deal of scholarship in manuscript, mostly concerned with the readings and codicology of the Greek New Testament. Perhaps his most peculiar and revealing pursuit was the minute study of scribal error in the production of manuscripts, an activity that absorbed his attention far more than its profit might seem to warrant. I argue that De Missy's fixation on the multiple histories of the scriptural text represents a private reaction to loss, turning away from the more conventional public scholarship of the Huguenot diaspora.”
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Yu., Munkh-Amgalan. "Монгол хэлээр орчуулагдсан италийн уран зохиолын товч тойм". Mongolian Journal of Foreign Languages and Culture 25, № 547 (10 лютого 2023): 9–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22353/mjflc.v25i547.1833.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mongols have a long and rich tradition of translating literary works from many different countries into Mongolian. Specifically, thousands of literary works from over 100 different countries written in dozens of different languages have been translated into Mongolian. Among these, a large number of Italian literary works have been translated into Mongolian from Russian, English, and Romanian. As for the literary genres of these works, they primarily consist of poetry, prose, and plays (including screenplays). Specifically: 1) Poetry: poems (58 works), songs (1), long poems (3); 2) Prose: folktales (33), authored tales (36), short stories (40), traditional jokes (3), novellas (5), framed stories (1), novels (5); 3) Plays (2), and screenplays (1). In addition, works of non-fiction, including stylized biographical sketches, reminiscences, as well as a political philosophical treatise, have been published. Literary works are generally divided into one of the following two different categories depending on whether they have a specific author or not: a) oral folklore; and b) written literature. The following tasks need to be undertaken to properly study Italian literary works which have been translated into Mongolian and published in Mongolia: A complete bibliography of Italian literary works translated into Mongolian must be compiled, All of the Italian originals must be located and correctly identified, The Russian, English, and Romanian intermediate translations must also be found and carefully consulted, If a work has been translated multiple times by a single translator, the multiple translations must be compared with each other and studied, If a work has been translated multiple times by different translators, the multiple translations must likewise be compared with each other and studied, The Italian originals of poems, songs, tales, and short stories which have been translated into Mongolian should be located and juxtaposed with their translations and published in book format for teaching and research purposes.
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Popova, Tatiana G. "Old Testament Names in the Text of the Ladder of John Climacus." Вопросы Ономастики 19, no. 2 (2022): 66–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/vopr_onom.2022.19.2.017.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper explores twenty-one Old Testament names found in the text of the translated monument of early Slavic writing, the Ladder of John Climacus. These personal names are a special kind of biblical quotations referring to the events of the Holy History. The study builds on a comparative analysis of the Greek text of the Ladder according to the publication in Patrologia Graeca (Vol. 88) and the text of the oldest Russian manuscript of the 12th century. The author looks to identify various strategies of delivering biblical citations used by the author, translator and scribe of the book, which is explained by the absence of the canonical text of the Holy Scriptures and the long history of existence of the Ladder in Byzantine and Slavic book literature. The article follows research on the collective church memory of medieval scribes which manifests itself in the commonality of topics, images, plots, ideas, and expressions that go back to the text of the Bible. The novelty of the work lies in incorporating new linguistic material extracted both from the text published in Patrologia Graeca and from the texts of unpublished Byzantine and Slavic codes. Personal names found in the Greek text of the Ladder (Jacob, Moses, David, Job, Lot, Adam) allude to key symbolic images and reveal several functions of the Old Testament anthroponyms in the Ladder texts: referential, symbolic, emphatic and indexical. Observations on the text of the translation evidenced to the high skill and erudition of the author of the first Slavic translation but at the same time revealed a translation error (new Adam), which was obviously caused by illegible or incorrect reading in the Greek version used as a source text for the translation. Contrastingly, the Russian manuscript under study showcases spelling inconsistencies in relation to Old Testament names as well as multiple errors and omissions of the names of characters. These are the result of multiple copies of the book made by inattentive and inexperienced scribes, one of whom was the scribe of the oldest surviving manuscript of the Ladder, created two centuries after the first translation appeared.
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TOKOWICZ, NATASHA, ERICA B. MICHAEL, and JUDITH F. KROLL. "The roles of study-abroad experience and working-memory capacity in the types of errors made during translation." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 7, no. 3 (November 15, 2004): 255–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728904001634.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We examined the effects of study-abroad experience (SAE) and working-memory capacity (WMC) on the types of errors made during single-word translation from the first language to the second language, contrasting non-response with meaning errors (i.e. when individuals translate semantically-related words instead of the target word). SAE and WMC interacted; individuals with more SAE and higher WMC made as many meaning as non-response errors, whereas individuals in the other groups made more non-response than meaning errors. We conclude that SAE encourages the use of approximate translations to communicate, but only higher WMC learners can do so because this strategy requires multiple items to be maintained in memory simultaneously. A speech-production model is adapted to capture our results and demonstrate the effects of differential working memory demands on producing correct translations, meaning errors, and non-response errors.
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Qingqing, Wu. "Perspective of Multimodal Discourse Analysis: A Case Study of The Big Bang Theory." International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences 7, no. 6 (2022): 074–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.76.12.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper, taking the subtitle translation of an American comedy The Big Bang Theory as the object of the study, selects the subtitle translations of some typical clips. Based on the integrated framework of multimodal discourse analysis proposed by Professor Zhang Delu, the subtitle translation is analyzed from four levels including culture, context, content, and expression. This paper concludes that multiple modalities interact each other in complementary ways. The interactions between multiple modalities help viewers better understand subtitle translation. Subtitle translation, together with other modalities, helps viewers grasp the plot of the TV series. The author hopes that this study can provide some reference for subtitle translators.
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Gu, Jinyan. "An Analysis of Jia Tanchun’s “Three Talents” Character Image in the English Translation of Dream of the Red Mansions—Based on David Hawkes’s and Yang Xianyi’s Versions." Education, Language and Sociology Research 5, no. 1 (March 17, 2024): p147. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/elsr.v5n1p147.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The current study aims to analyze the characterization of Jia Tanchun in English versions of Dream of the Red Chamber translated by David Hawkes and Yang Xianyi. As an important character in Dream of the Red Chamber, Jia Tanchun’s image may differ in different English translations. By comparing and analyzing the translations of the two versions, this study reveals the ways in which different translations portray the character of Jia Tanchun and the cultural factors involved. By analyzing the translated texts about Jia Tanchun in the two versions, the current study finds that in Hawkes’s translation, the image of Jia Tanchun is endowed with a kind of wisdom, calmness and thoughtfulness, while Yang Xianyi’s translation highlights Jia Tanchun’s boldness, passion and adventurousness more. This may stem from the differences in the translators’ understanding of the original image of Jia Tanchun, as well as the influence of translation style and cultural background. In the process of translation, the characterization of Jia Tanchun’s “three talents” has attracted much attention. Based on the two versions, this study analyzes Jia Tanchun’s talents in management, learning and handling. The characterization of Jia Tanchun’s “three talents” is comprehensively presented in Hawkes’s and Yang Xianyi’s translations. Additionally, this study provides a new perspective for the translation of Dream of the Red Chamber and calls on translators to emphasize the shaping and expression of the characters in the process of translation and convey the rich connotation of the original. Meanwhile, readers should also keep an open and comparative mind when reading different translations to understand the work from multiple perspectives.
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Al-Salman, Saleh, and Ahmad S. Haider. "Assessing the accuracy of MT and AI tools in translating humanities or social sciences Arabic research titles into English: Evidence from Google Translate, Gemini, and ChatGPT." International Journal of Data and Network Science 8, no. 4 (2024): 2483–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2024.5.009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Breakthroughs and advances in translation technology by virtue of AI-powered MT tools and techniques contributed significantly to providing near-perfect translation. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of three translation technologies (Google Translate, Gemini, and ChatGPT) in translating multidisciplinary Arabic research titles in the Humanities and Social Sciences into English. A corpus of 163 titles of Arabic research articles from various disciplines, including media studies, literature, linguistics, education, and political science, was extracted from a Scopus-indexed journal, namely Dirasat: Human and Social Sciences Series. The research methodology in the present study lends itself largely to Koponen’s (2010) translation error strategy framework. Based on the data analysis, the findings showed that the renditions provided by these programs were categorically marked with either sense or syntax errors, which often rendered the translations inaccurate. Many polysemous terms with multiple related senses were mistranslated. The results showed that the Gemini translations contained the least errors. In contrast, the human translations contained the least mistranslation and diction errors. Google Translate and ChatGPT, on the other hand, contained the highest number of equivalence-based errors. Unexpectedly, the human translations contained the highest number of syntactic errors, reflecting a lack of target language proficiency. The study's conclusions and findings would be beneficial to translators, students, and scholars who may consider translating their Arabic study research titles and abstracts through the most commonly used AI tools.
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Joung, Eunmi, Cheng-Yao Lin, and YoungRae Kim. "Preservice Teachers' Understanding of Decimals using Standard Algorithm and Alternative Strategies." International Journal for Mathematics Teaching and Learning 22, no. 1 (May 31, 2021): 66–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4256/ijmtl.v22i1.329.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study is to explore preservice teachers’ (PTs’) ability to implement multiple strategies using standard algorithms and alternative strategies and to investigate their conceptual knowledge of decimal operations. There were 37 PTs who participated in this study, all of whom attended a mathematics course in the K-8 Teacher Education Program at a mid-western university. These participants were asked to solve the Decimal Knowledge Test (DKT) in multiple ways. A qualitative approach was used to analyze PTs’ responses to the problems on the DKT. The results indicated that using standard algorithms, PTs demonstrated higher ability in solving decimal addition, subtraction, and multiplication involving a whole number. Alternative strategies posed difficulties in solving decimal multiplication problems involving two decimals, and division problems. Similarly, when examining operations, showing smooth or difficult translations between the representations, PTs found it difficult to translate representational modes in operations with multiplication involving two decimals, two division problems. The same results were seen when examining PTs’ conceptual understanding based on the Lesh Translation Model. The results provide teacher education programs with opportunities to create various instructional approaches involving translations among multiple representations in mathematics methods and content courses.
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Basnight-Brown, Dana M., Stephanie A. Kazanas, and Jeanette Altarriba. "Translation ambiguity in Mandarin-English bilinguals." Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 10, no. 4 (November 13, 2018): 559–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lab.17037.bas.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Research focused on the cognitive processes surrounding bilingual language representation has revealed the important role that translation ambiguity plays in how languages are stored in memory (Tokowicz & Kroll, 2007). In addition, translation of emotionally related information has been shown to be challenging because a direct translation does not always exist (Basnight-Brown & Altarriba, 2014). The focus of the current study was to explore the processing of ambiguous words for translations that differ in orthography. In Experiment 1, Chinese-English bilinguals translated concrete and abstract words that differed in the number of translations across languages. In Experiment 2, emotion words were introduced into the context, in order to examine differences in emotion translation across languages. The results revealed that words with a single translation were produced faster and more accurately than words that had multiple translations. Finally, translation of emotional stimuli was faster when translating Chinese words as compared to English words.
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Поварницына, Елена Дмитриевна. "«THE LAMENT OF YAROSLAVNA»: ANALYSIS OF THE VARIABILITY OF FRENCH TRANSLATIONS OF THE FRAGMENT «THE TALE OF IGOR'S CAMPAIGN»." Вестник Тверского государственного университета. Серия: Филология, no. 4(71) (December 3, 2021): 244–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.26456/vtfilol/2021.4.244.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
В статье уточняется представление о франкоязычных переводах «Слова о полку Игореве» посредством сопоставительного анализа 13 переводов фрагмента «Плач Ярославны» (с точки зрения лексики, семантики, стилистики), определяются некоторые переводческие тенденции в рамках заявленного корпуса, фиксируются стандартные/нестандартные варианты перевода, выявляются причины переводческой вариативности. The article is devoted to the analysis of multiple French translations of «The Tale of Igor's Campaign» on the example of a fragment that in the Russian-language tradition is called «The Lament of Yaroslavna». In the course of the study, we were able, firstly, to expand the understanding of the French-language translations of the «The Tale». Secondly, we traced the translation tendencies, identified some translation techniques, and determine the reasons for the translation variability.
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Akhlaghi, Elham, Anna Bączkowska, Branislav Bédi, Hakeem Beedar, Cathy Chua, Catia Cucchiarini, Hanieh Habibi, et al. "Using the LARA platform to crowdsource a multilingual, multimodal Little Prince." Beyond Philology An International Journal of Linguistics, Literary Studies and English Language Teaching, no. 19/1 (March 14, 2022): 245–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/bp.2022.1.09.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We describe an ongoing project, in which an informally organised international consortium is using the open source LARA platform to create multimodal annotated editions of Antoine de Saint-Exupéry’s Le petit prince in multiple languages, so far French, English, Italian, Icelandic, Irish, Japanese, Polish, Farsi and Mandarin. LARA versions of the book include integrated audio and translations and an automatically generated lemma-based concordance, and are freely available online. We describe the methods used to construct the various versions. In some cases, work for a given language was simply divided by type, typically with one person adding translations and another recording audio. In other languages, we experimented with crowdsourcing methods, splitting the text into chapter-sized units and using the LARA platform to distribute these to multiple annotators, then combining the results at the end. Finally, we report an initial classroom study, where the French version was used by intermediate-level Australian students of French.
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Povarnitsyna, Elena D. "Lexical Variability in French Translations of The Tale of Igor’s Campaign." NSU Vestnik. Series: Linguistics and Intercultural Communication 19, no. 1 (2021): 142–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7935-2021-19-1-142-158.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this article we consider the lexical variability of the French translations of “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign”. The research material includes the following lexical classes: color designations, flora and fauna names, as well as warfare terms. Lexical units are selected manually and processed with the help of a self-compiled parallel corpus of translated texts. A distinctive feature of the monument’s translations into foreign languages is the absence of the original text, which leads to a situation of multiple “original” texts. We have analyzed 11 texts of French translations of “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign” (some of the translations considered were unknown in Russian scientific practice), as well as the original Russian texts used by the translators (in case they were presented as parallel texts or mentioned in paratexts). We are faced with the situation of translation multiplicity, an actual area of research in modern translation studies, so we also considered the problem of multiplicity of original texts. The study revealed more than 30 occurrences of color designations lexemes, 99 uses of animal and plant names, as well as more than 100 occurrences of military lexical units. The features of translations of each lexical class were considered separately and the results of the analysis were compared. A number of reasons for lexical variability have been identified: differences in the original texts (reconstructions and translations into modern Russian), the abundance of “dark places” in the text of the monument (word boundary ambiguity in different reconstructions or lexemes that do not have a clear interpretation in modern Russian), different times of publication of the translation (during the period between 1823 and 2005), individual interpretations of the source text. A question about the correspondence of the translation devices used in recent translations of the “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign” to the universal features of translation proposed by M. Baker, A. Berman and U. Eco has been raised. Most of them are applicable to the French translations of the famous epic. However, in some cases less common correlations have been found (meaning discrepancy, metonymic synonym, etc.).
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Fefelov, A. F. "Correlation of the Concepts truth, vérité, pravda, istina in Bible Versions: quantitative indicators." NSU Vestnik. Series: Linguistics and Intercultural Communication 22, no. 1 (June 26, 2024): 65–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7935-2024-22-1-65-86.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper is not about translation of the Bible into Russian, English or French, although its versions are widely presented in the research material. The goal is to compare the biblical discourse on truth and vérité with that of the post-truth era, its modern counterpart signified by the emblematic opposition of fact vs lies. Studying verbalizations of the above-mentioned concept has always been very important for the three cultures, but now, with a post-truth political ideology rising, its relevance for the English language and culture has increased noticeably. We study correlation of the words truth and vérité, pravda (often righteousness), istina (verity) in a number of Bible versions, old and new, to show that semantic consistency between the three cultures may be still achieved indirectly (that is without source texts) in this important area. Taking into account the factor of multiple versions has become essential for English-speaking cultures, it is quite important for the French community, and instructive for the Russian culture in terms of evaluating its consequences. The article presents only quantitative data on the density/variance (or dispersion) of concepts in the same biblical verse and the frequency of lexical ways of its verbalization in different versions of the Bible. The diagnostic value of frequency indicators for a meaningful interpretation is revealed, first, between the three languages; second, between the Old and New Testaments, and third, between their various books. To understand the functional load of the concepts under study in different versions, it is essential to know the frequency of their verbalizers, which sometimes differs greatly even within the same language for many reasons, including a new one – the task to produce a version easy to comprehend. It has been found that, as a rule, the degree of semantic correlation between the concepts under study is high, but in the “easy to read” versions a variability of lexical and syntactic means in the same contexts is significant as well as the intricacy of their refractions. This conclusion is valid, first of all, for the correlations of PRAVDA with its foreign-language counterparts. The form truths, which was not used in the early versions of the Bible, is now admitted by the most recent ones. This probably has to do with the secular philosophy of truth. And, finally, in the latest English-language versions, the word fact – the main competitor of truth in the discourse of the post-truth era – began to appear. This, however, does not refer to the word-combination fact-checking which still seems to be radically hostile to the Bible Truth discourse.
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Steffen, Ann M., Dolores Gallagher-Thompson, Katherine M. Arenella, Alma Au, Sheung-Tak Cheng, María Crespo, Victoria Cristancho-Lacroix, et al. "Validating the Revised Scale for Caregiving Self-Efficacy: A Cross-National Review." Gerontologist 59, no. 4 (March 12, 2018): e325-e342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gny004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThis article reviews an instrument used in cross-national research with dementia family caregivers—the Revised Scale for Caregiving Self-Efficacy (RSCSE). Although the RSCSE has been translated into multiple languages, few studies have examined scale performance across samples. We examine congruence of psychometric, reliability, and validity data to inform research and practice.MethodsWe conducted citation searches using Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and PsycINFO. Identified dementia caregiving studies cited the original RSCSE article and described results of English and/or non-English translations of the scale.ResultsPeer-reviewed published studies (N = 58) of dementia family caregivers included data for Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Italian, and Spanish translations of the RSCSE; the majority (72%) reported use of non-English translations. Studies utilizing confirmatory factor analytic approaches reported findings consistent with the original development study. Internal consistency, convergent/discriminant validity, and criterion validity indices were congruent across diverse cross-national caregiving samples assessed with different translations. Data supported the RSCSE’s sensitivity to change following specific psychosocial caregiving interventions.DiscussionThe reliability and validity of different translations of the RSCSE support continued use with cross-national samples of dementia family caregivers. Limitations of the scale point to the need for further self-efficacy measurement development within caregiving domains. Consistent with Bandura’s discussion of social cognitive theory in cultural contexts, personal agency for caregiving challenges remains generalizable to cross-national populations. This review discusses the implications for cross-cultural research and practice.
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Burcu Nur, Bayram, and Didem Tuna. "From/Towards a Multiple Sign System: Autism Novelized and Retold in Interlingual and Intersemiotic Contexts." English Studies at NBU 9, no. 1 (June 20, 2023): 59–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.33919/esnbu.23.1.4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The focus of this study is to analyse selected signs of neurodiversity in The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time by Mark Haddon and its interlingual and intersemiotic translations to examine readers' as well as translators' (as readers) role in the formation of the meaning, along with literature's contribution to neuro-inclusiveness. Taking the prevalent assumptions that the main character has autism as a reference point, despite the author's statement that he did not base his work on a specific syndrome, some brief information about autism spectrum disorder is provided, and the protagonist Christopher's autistic-like characteristics are reviewed with reference to the common features of the disorder. The target texts in Turkish, Azerbaijani, and French are defined as interlingual translations, and the stage performance in Turkiye is defined as intersemiotic translation. The target texts are compared to the source text using Öztürk Kasar's "Systematics of Designification in Translation" to discuss the extent to which signs featuring autism are transferred in the target texts and to highlight the contribution of the source and target texts to the acknowledgement and appreciation of differences.
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Washbourne, Kelly. "Revised Translations: Strategic Rationales and the Intricacies of Authorship." Translation and Literature 25, no. 2 (July 2016): 151–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/tal.2016.0244.
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Abstract: The ‘reprocessed’ text, in Paloposki and Koskinen's (2010) term, often eludes critical attention, as it is part of the textual evolution of a work's pre-history. This study takes up the revised translation as process and product for closer examination, particularly in its assertions of authority, and in its uncertain relationship to its ecology of predecessor translations and retranslations. The motivations for revision are explored, as is the sometimes misleading role of peritexts in shaping the identities of the revised translation, and the types of revisers and revision distinguished. This research locates the revised translation as a subgenre at the intersection of the translatorial, the editorial, the adaptational, and the promotional. Finally, the ambiguities and multivocality of multiple authorship are considered, case studies explored, and ways of strengthening attributions and textual identity in this ‘palimpsestic’ form are proposed.
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Kwong, Oi Yee, Benjamin K. Tsou, and Tom B. Y. Lai. "Alignment and extraction of bilingual legal terminology from context profiles." Recent Trends in Computational Terminology 10, no. 1 (June 10, 2004): 81–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/term.10.1.05kwo.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this study, we propose a method for aligning terms and extracting translations from a small, domain-specific corpus consisting of parallel English and Chinese court judgments from Hong Kong. With a sentence-aligned corpus, translation equivalents are suggested by analysing the frequency profiles of parallel concordances. The method overcomes the limitations of conventional statistical methods which require large corpora to be effective, and those of lexical approaches which depend on existing bilingual dictionaries. Pilot testing on a parallel corpus of about 113K Chinese words and 120K English words gives an encouraging 79% precision and 38% recall on average. The method has its own limitations such as failure to detect multiple candidates and secondary translations, but it provides a good basis for acquiring an initial translation lexicon for legal terminology from indigenous bilingual legal texts.
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Shin, Hyejung. "Comparing L1 and L2 Translation Styles: An Analysis of Multiple Parallel Corpora Comprised of Multiple Target Texts of the Same Source Texts." Society for International Cultural Institute 15, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 67–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.34223/jic.2022.15.2.67.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In Korean-English literary translation, the directionality of translation (whether translating into L1 or L2) has caught the attention of many researchers. They compared the L1 translator’s target text (TT) with that of the L2 translator of the same source text (ST) and described the stylistic differences they found in the comparison. Since most analyses were based on a single ST, and the number of TTs was one in each direction (into L1 and L2, respectively), the results may only apply to the texts they analyzed in the study. To verify if the directionality of translation is the deciding factor of the stylistic traits found in each TT, this study examined 1) multiple parallel corpora comprised of multiple TTs of the same STs and 2) the corresponding translators’ other translations of different STs. After comparing a collection of TTs by the L1 group with those by the L2 group, the study found contrasting trends regarding word variety and contractions.
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Tóth-Izsó, Zsuzsanna, and Catherine Ann Lombard. "Deconstructionist Analyses of an Italian Poem with Special Emphasis on the Process of Translation Giovanni Papini: C’è un canto dentro di me." Journal of Critical Studies in Language and Literature 3, no. 4 (June 5, 2022): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.46809/jcsll.v3i4.159.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This second of three related articles presents two deconstructionist literary analyses of translations of Papini’s poem C’è un canto dentro di me. This study demonstrates how the two authors interpreted their own English translations and, thus, indirectly, the Italian original, in terms of the accepted deconstructionist analysis frame. Working independently, the authors’ three-level analysis of the poem (verbal, textual, and linguistic) resulted in significantly diverse outcomes concerning the poem’s overall message. This study compared the authors’ content elements and their familiarity with Papini’s work. Not surprisingly, it showed markedly different person-related readings and revealed that deconstructionist analyses conducted by two independent translators could lead to equally justified multiple interpretations of the poem. Another finding is that both authors’ translations could be considered real “deconstructionist” since they do not fit the foreignization – domestication continuum. This statement is especially true when the target language is English, an international communication medium. Therefore, translators can never know in advance which nationality and cultural background their readers might belong to. Nevertheless, both authors recognize that poetry, by its very nature, leaves less room for national-cultural aspects during the translation process than longer prosaic pieces. Therefore, translating poetry has a much higher chance of being “deconstructionist.”