Дисертації з теми "Behavior Imaging"
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Matson, Douglas Marcus. "Imaging the recalescence behavior of undercooled nickel." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41412.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 114-117).
by Douglas Marcus Matson.
Ph.D.
Wekselblatt, Joseph. "Imaging Neural Circuits Underlying Learning and Behavior." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/23176.
Повний текст джерела2019-01-09
Neumann, Martin. "Time-resolved imaging of the micro-mechanical behavior of elastomeric polypropylene." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-182113.
Повний текст джерелаSymonds, Deanelle T. "Fish population and behavior revealed by instantaneous continental-shelf scale imaging." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46492.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 221-229).
The application of a technique to instantaneously image and continuously monitor the abundance, spatial distribution, and behavior of fish populations over thousands of square kilometers using Ocean Acoustic Waveguide Remote Sensing (OAWRS) is demonstrated with data from its first implementation in a 2003 field experiment off the US Continental Shelf south of Long Island, NY. Conventional methods for monitoring fish populations rely on highly-localized, point measurements made from slow-moving research vessels that survey along widely spaced line transects to cover the vast ocean environments that fish inhabit and so significantly under-sample fish populations in time and space. This leads to incomplete, ambiguous and highly-aliased records of fish abundance and behavior. In contrast, OAWRS surveys at a rate roughly one million times greater than that of conventional fish-finding methods. Within a minute and a half, OAWRS images the ocean environment over more than ten thousand square kilometers, an area similar to the state of Massachusetts. This is possible because OAWRS exploits the natural capacity of the continental-shelf environment to act as a waveguide where sound waves are efficiently propagated over long ranges (tens of kilometers) via trapped modes that suffer only cylindrical spreading loss rather than the spherical spreading loss suffered in the short-range (hundreds of meters), waterborne propagation paths employed by conventional fish-finding sonar (CFFS). In this thesis, a method is developed for estimating the instantaneous population density and abundance of fish populations from wide-area OAWRS imagery.
The OAWRS population density estimates are calibrated with simultaneous local CFFS measurements, and are used to estimate the expected scattering cross section of an individual fish at OAWRS frequencies so that population density may be estimated in regions where CFFS measurements were not made. It is shown that the OAWRS population density estimates have uncertainties of less than 25% at each pixel or spatial resolution cell, for statistically stationary populations. Instantaneous abundance estimates then have much lower uncertainties when OAWRS population density is integrated over tens to hundreds of independent spatial resolution cells by the law of large numbers. A number of discoveries are also documented about the instantaneous horizontal structural characteristics, temporal evolution, short-term volatile behavior and propagation of information in very large fish shoals containing tens of millions of fish and spanning several kilometers in spatial extent. The OAWRS approach should enable new abilities in the study and assessment of fish populations and their behavioral dynamics.
by Deanelle T. Symonds.
Ph.D.
Chiu, Sheng-Kuei. "Photoluminescent Silicon Nanoparticles: Fluorescent Cellular Imaging Applications and Photoluminescence (PL) Behavior Study." PDXScholar, 2015. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2455.
Повний текст джерелаMotavalli, Sayyed Mostafa. "DEPTH-DEPENDENT BIAXIAL MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF NATIVE AND TISSUE ENGINEERING ARTICULAR CARTILAGE." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1390313405.
Повний текст джерелаBorg, Jacqueline. "Molecular imaging of the serotonin system in human behaviour /." Stockholm, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-134-0/.
Повний текст джерелаAntalek, Brian J. "Magnetic resonance imaging studies of the behavior of fluids in gelatin and other porous materials /." Online version of thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10996.
Повний текст джерелаSemaan, Marie. "Characterization of the mechanical behavior of growing bone based on new imaging methods." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0129/document.
Повний текст джерелаNowadays, the biomechanical study of bone structures is a challenge for different fields: accidentology, management of bone pathologies, comfort for the elderly, design of innovative prostheses, etc. The aim of this thesis is to provide reference values representative of the quality of child bone by characterizing the mechanical and morphometric properties of growing bone tissue at different scales. Mechanical properties were measured at 2 different scales - mesoscopic and microscopic - in 2 experimental modalities – resonant ultrasound spectroscopy and microindentation. Another part of this thesis concerns the development of a morphometric analysis procedure adapted to bone tissue for the treatment of images obtained by micro-tomography (RX). A better knowledge of juvenile bone tissue is essential to develop dedicated models and thus better understand the pathological mechanisms characteristic of growing bone (greenstick fracture) to improve diagnosis and adapt therapeutic choices for young patients
Zhang, Wen. "Characterizing, imaging, and quantifying the environmental behavior and biological interactions of metal-based nanoparticles." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/44822.
Повний текст джерелаChen, Zhengguang. "Experimental and clinical perspective on stroke : evaluation by behavior, magnetic resonance imaging and morphology /." Stockholm, 2001. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2001/91-628-4807-0/.
Повний текст джерелаWixson, Sandra Werre. "The Effects of Imaging Ability, Guided Imagery, and Source of Themes on Interview Verbal Behavior." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331357/.
Повний текст джерелаHwang, Bohyun. "Fluid Behavior in Nano to Micro Confinement Systems." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1593454113844453.
Повний текст джерелаHägglund, Stina. "Development of a Tool for Imaging the Pumping-Out Behavior of Poly- Vinyl Alcohol Shelled Microbubbles." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281980.
Повний текст джерелаBeckwith, Travis J. "A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of the Developmental Consequences of Childhood Lead Exposure in Adulthood." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1439309120.
Повний текст джерелаBelke, Marcus [Verfasser], and Susanne [Akademischer Betreuer] Knake. "Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) bei Patienten mit REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) / Marcus Belke. Betreuer: Susanne Knake." Marburg : Philipps-Universität Marburg, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1045729868/34.
Повний текст джерелаMalik, Saima. "Neural substrates of feeding behavior : insights from fMRI studies in humans." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115850.
Повний текст джерелаFunctional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides information about state-dependent changes in local neuronal activity in vivo. Using fMRI, the present dissertation examined changes in human brain activity to food and nonfood pictures following the pharmacological induction of hunger with the orexigenic hormone ghrelin (Study 1), and following manipulation of the cognitive state of food expectation (Study 2).
Our data reinforce the involvement of a distributed frontal-limbic-paralimbic circuit in the central processing of food imagery, under both experimental conditions. The first study revealed that intravenous ghrelin administration potently modulated food-associated neural responses III areas involved in reward, motivation, memory, and attention (amygdala, insula, orbitofrontal cortex, striatum, hippocampus, midbrain, visual areas). This suggests that metabolic signals such as ghrelin may promote food consumption by enhancing the appetitive response to food cues via engagement of the hedonic network.
The second study revealed that brain regions activated in the 'expectant' state (i.e. when subjects were anticipating food reward) were at least partially dissociable from those in the 'not expectant' state. In particular, recruitment of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, a principal component in the cognitive control network, exclusively in the 'not expectant' condition, may signal an attempt to suppress appetite in the absence of food expectation. Areas of convergence were observed in the amygdala and insula.
Obesity is rapidly becoming the major cause of excess mortality worldwide; therefore, understanding how the central nervous system controls appetite and nutrient consumption is of considerable interest. The projects in this thesis offer significant insights regarding the effects two select factors (one intrinsic and the other extrinsic) on the neural reaction to visual food stimuli, in healthy male participants.
Musselman, Brian Jay Davis David Scott. "A study of the diffraction behavior and resolution criteria for pattern recognition for a proposed multiplexed imaging technique." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School; Available from the National Technical Information Service, 1991. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA245066.
Повний текст джерелаMusselman, Brian Jay. "A study of the diffraction behavior and resolution criteria for pattern recognition for a proposed multiplexed imaging technique." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/26795.
Повний текст джерелаBergel, Antoine. "Cerebral vascular patterns associated with theta and gamma rhythms during unrestrained behavior and REM sleep." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC239/document.
Повний текст джерелаTheta rhythm is a prominent oscillatory pattern of EEG strongly associated with active locomotion and REM sleep. While it has been shown to play a crucial role in communication between brain areas and memory processes, there is a lack of extensive data due to the difficulty to image global brain activity during locomotion behavior. In this thesis, I developed an approach that combines local field potential recordings (LFP) and functional ultrasound imaging (fUS) to unrestrained rats. For the first time, I could image the hemodynamic responses associated with theta rhythm in most central nervous system (CNS) structures, with high spatial (100 x 100 x 400 μm) and temporal (200 ms) resolutions. During running and REM sleep, hemodynamic variations in the hippocampus, dorsal thalamus and cortices (S1BF, retrosplenial) correlated strongly with instantaneous theta power, with a delay ranging from 0.7 to 2.0 s after theta peak. Interestingly, mid (55-95 Hz) and high gamma (100-150 Hz) instantaneous power better explained hemodynamic variations than mere theta activity, while low-gamma (30-50 Hz) did not. Hippocampal hyperaemia followed sequentially the trisynaptic circuit (dentate gyrus - CA3 region - CA1 region) and was considerably strengthened as the task progressed. REM sleep revealed brain-wide tonic hyperaemia, together with phasic high-amplitude vascular activation starting in the dorsal thalamus and fading in cortical areas, which we referred to as “vascular surges”. Strong bursts of hippocampal high gamma (100-150 Hz) robustly preceded these surges, while the opposite was not true. Taken together, these results reveals the spatio-temporal dynamics of hemodynamics associated with locomotion and REM sleep and suggest a strong link between theta, high-gamma rhythms and brain-wide vascular activity
Lark, Arianna Ruth Stini. "The roles of a unique G-protein coupled dual receptor for dopamine and steroids in neuronal physiology and behavior." Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2107.
Повний текст джерелаKhorshidi, Mohammad Ali. "Live Single Cell Imaging and Analysis Using Microfluidic Devices." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Proteomik och nanobioteknologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-129278.
Повний текст джерелаQC 20130927
Hiler, Daniel James. "Bioluminescence Imaging of Transgene Expression at the Wholemouse Level and in the Mesencephalic Trigeminal Nucleus." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1245693947.
Повний текст джерелаKliemann, Dorit [Verfasser]. "Implicit and explicit facial emotion recognition in autism spectrum disorder : Insights from behavior, gaze and functional magnetic resonance imaging / Dorit Kliemann." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1031667075/34.
Повний текст джерелаNeumann, Martin [Verfasser], Robert [Akademischer Betreuer] Magerle, Robert [Gutachter] Magerle, and Borczyskowski Christian [Gutachter] von. "Time-resolved imaging of the micro-mechanical behavior of elastomeric polypropylene / Martin Neumann ; Gutachter: Robert Magerle, Christian von Borczyskowski ; Betreuer: Robert Magerle." Chemnitz : Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2015. http://d-nb.info/121381376X/34.
Повний текст джерелаBajaj, Sahil, Stephen N. Housley, David Wu, Mukesh Dhamala, G. A. James, and Andrew J. Butler. "Dominance of the Unaffected Hemisphere Motor Network and Its Role in the Behavior of Chronic Stroke Survivors." FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622772.
Повний текст джерелаGuendelman, Simon. "Emotion Regulation, Social Cognitive and Neurobiological mechanisms of Mindfulness, from Dispositions to Behavior and Interventions." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/22265.
Повний текст джерелаMindfulness, the capacity to fully attend to the present experience, has been linked to a myriad of mental health benefits, being abilities such as emotion regulation (ER) and social cognition (SC) of the main potential active mechanisms. The current doctorate thesis investigated the relationship between mindfulness and ER and SC using a range of methodological approaches from trait level individual differences to behavioral and brain mechanisms. Study one explored the relationship between mindfulness and ER by examining the diverse literature and empirical models, discussing different psychological and neuro-cognitive mechanisms. Study two intended to unravel the ER mechanism of trait mindfulness, showing in both borderline personality and healthy subjects the mediating effect of self-compassion linking mindfulness and ER traits. Study three further investigated the link between ER and SC using behavioral and neuro-imaging experiments, addressing the notion of social ER (the capacity to modulate others’ emotions). It showed that when regulating others’ emotions, an individual’s own distress is reduced, being key ‘sociocognitive’ brain regions (i.e. precuneus) engaged in mediating these effects. Study four investigated the fine-grained ER mechanisms of a mindfulness-based intervention (MBI), comparing the MBI with a reading group (READ), in the context of a neuroimaging-based randomized controlled trial. This study revealed ER brain behavioral plasticity induced by the MBI, for both self and social ER. It also showed a lack of effect over SC (cognitive and emotional empathy). Articulating overall findings, a model that integrates exchanges and regulation of emotions in the context of social interactions is proposed. The dissertation offers new insights into mindfulness’ ER mechanisms, from dispositions to neuro-behavioral levels, and also sheds light onto individual level determinants of social processes, linking ER and SC.
Olofsson, Per. "Microwell-based Collagen Matrix Migration Assays for NK:target Cell Interactions : Three-dimensional Imaging and Analysis of Transient Migration Behavior of NK Cells in vitro." Thesis, KTH, Cellens fysik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-43456.
Повний текст джерелаNK-celler är lymfocyter tillhörande det ospecifika immunförsvaret vars uppgift är att uppsöka och avdöda tumör- och virusinfekterade celler. Genom att undersöka heterogeniteten inom NK-cellspopulationer öppnas en möjlighet att förbättra effektiviteten hos immunoterapeutiska behandlingar. Cellmotilitet är en viktig aspekt av NK-cellers funktion. Därutöver uppvisar cellmigrationsbeteendet inom cellpopulationer en märkbar heterogenitet. Det har under en tid stått klart att cell-matris-interaktioner kan ha en genomgripande effekt på beteendet hos vissa celltyper.(1) Emellertid grundar sig traditionella studier av cellmigration på användandet av tvådimensionella, plana ytor, och frånser på detta vis den potentiellt avgörande effekt som den tredje dimensionen kan ha på resultatet. Likväl kan studier som använder extracellulär matrix-liknande biomaterial, såsom kollagen och Matrigel, och som därutöver drar nytta av volymsavbildning för cellmigration ändå ofta bortse från att kvantifiera och analysera cellmigrationen i vertikalled. Detta projekt använde kiselbaserad mikrochipteknologi, extracellulär matrixliknande hydrogel typ I kollagen, samt fluorescensmikroskopi för att undersöka cellmigrationbeteendet hos enskilda NK-celler i 3-D. NK- och målceller bäddades in i en kollagenmatris vilken i sin tur gjöts in i en mindre än millimeterstor mikrobrunn. Mikrobrunnen utgör en naturlig barriär för cellmigration och kan således försäkra att cellerna stannar inuti avbildningsvolymen. Hela mikrobrunnens volym avbildades under två timmar med hjälp av tidsfördröjd fluorescensmikroskop. En tidsserie av mätningarna sammanställdes sedan. Totalt sammanställdes och kvantifierades N = 14 NK-cellers cellmigrationsbanor genom att uppskatta cellernas fluorescenta mittpunkter i den återskapade 3-D-volymen. Resultaten ger vid handen att NK-celler behåller sin cytotoxiska förmåga när de är inbäddade i 3-D-matrisen som används i mikrobrunnsuppsättningen. Den tredimensionella medelhastigheten för cellmigrationen hos de undersökta cellerna var 3.7±0.5 μm/min (medelvärde±standardfelet). Därutöver uppvisade NK-cellerna en bias i den genomsnittliga riktningen hos cellmigrationen, där horisontell cellmigration föredrogs framför vertikal cellmigration. Avslutningsvis kan sägas att denna experimentella uppsättning utan större problem kan användas för korttidsavbildning av cellmigrationsbeteende och cell-cell-interaktioner hos NK- och målceller inbäddade i en mikrobrunnsingjuten kollagenmatris. Detta mikrobrunn-gel-baserade system uppvisar lovande möjligheter för framtida tillämpningar i gränsytan mellan immunologi och ingenjörskonst.
Alvari, Gianpaolo. "Fine-Grained Analyses of Early Autism-related Social Behavior in Real-World Scenarios by Machine Learning." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/331002.
Повний текст джерелаCerio, Donald Greene. "The Visual Apparatus of Avian Dinosaurs and Other Diapsids: Anatomical Correlates of Behavior and Evolution." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1565617073174635.
Повний текст джерелаBoudiaf, Naïla. "Effets du vieillissement normal sur la production lexicale : approche pluridisciplinaire." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAS029/document.
Повний текст джерелаNormal aging is associated with cognitive difficulties in many domains except for language, which is still under debate. However, older adults report difficulties in lexical production, which are also known to be associated with pathological aging, such as Alzheimer’s disease. This work aimed first to characterize the changes in the cognitive processes involved in lexical production using a behavioral approach, then to characterize the associated neurofunctional and vascular changes using fMRI. In the first study including 72 healthy participants, aged between 30 and 84 years, we showed a differential aging effect on lexical production and semantic processing. Naming was well preserved in terms of competences in normal aging; nevertheless, it was affected by the general cognitive slowdown. However, semantic processing was more affected by aging, probably due to inefficient executive control. The second study using fMRI confirmed these results and suggested the establishment of compensatory mechanisms to overcome cognitive difficulties. Finally, in the third study using vascular fMRI we described basal and functional cerebral perfusion modifications in normal aging as well as at early stages of pathological aging. We showed a strong relationship between the hemodynamical properties and the cognitive abilities. This multidisciplinary approach combining behavioral, neuropsychological, neurofunctional and cerebral perfusion imaging studies, provided a more complete picture of cerebral and cognitive changes in lexical production during normal aging
Campabadal, Delgado Anna. "Idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder and olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson's disease and premotor stages. MRI and neuropsychological studies." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671022.
Повний текст джерелаMARC TEÒRIC: La present Tesi Doctoral estudia el trastorn del comportament del son REM (RBD, per les seves sigles en anglès) i la disfunció olfactiva com a biomarcadors de les alfa- Sinucleinopaties, com ara la malaltia de Parkinson (PD, per les seves sigles en anglès), la demència per cossos de Lewy (DLB, per les seves sigles en anglès) i l’atròfia multisistèmica (MSA, per les seves sigles en anglès). El RBD és una parasòmnia caracteritzada per la pèrdua d’atonia durant el son REM que provoca episodis on els pacients mostren moviments que reflecteixen el contingut dels seus somnis. El RBD que es presenta clínicament aïllat (IRBD, per les seves sigles en anglès), es considera un estadi prodròmic de les Sinucleinopaties, doncs s’ha vist que gairebé el 75% dels pacients després de 12 anys amb diagnòstic d’IRBD acaben sent diagnosticats de malaltia de Parkinson o parkinsonismes atípics. Concretament, en un estudi multicèntric el 56.5% dels pacients amb IRBD varen desenvolupar parkinsonisme com a primera manifestació, mentre que el 43.5% va presentar demència en primer lloc. La simptomatologia motora, la hipòsmia i el deteriorament cognitiu han demostrat ser els millors predictors de conversió en aquests pacients. En aquest context, la comunitat científica ha demostrat un interès creixent en definir els canvis cognitius associats a l’IRBD. Els estudis publicats fins ara conclouen que entre el 15-50% dels pacients tenen deteriorament cognitiu lleu. Malgrat l’evidència ben documentada sobre la presència d’afectació neuropsicològica en pacients amb IRBD, cal una recerca addicional que valori de forma aïllada i específica les funcions visuoespacials i visuoperceptives (VS/VP), ja que l’alteració d’aquestes funcions és característica del perfil neuropsicològic dels pacients amb PD i DLB. Pel que fa al declivi cognitiu al llarg de la malaltia, encara hi ha una gran incertesa. OBJECTIUS I HIPÒTESIS: Els objectius principals d'aquesta Tesi són: 1 Caracteritzar els substrats cerebrals estructurals i funcionals subjacents a l’RBD, així com relacionar aquestes troballes amb el rendiment cognitiu, 2 Estudiar la disfunció olfactiva com a biomarcador clínic i preclínic de les alfa- Sinucleinopaties, i la seva progressió al llarg de la malaltia, 3 Investigar la degeneració cerebral progressiva al llarg de l’IRBD i com aquests canvis es relacionen amb el declivi cognitiu. Les principals hipòtesis són: 1 L'IRBD es caracteritzarà per canvis específics en l'estructura cerebral i la connectivitat funcional que estarà associada a un deteriorament olfactiu i cognitiu, 2 Els pacients amb IRBD mostraran canvis cerebrals estructurals amb el pas del temps i un declivi cognitiu superior a l’observat en l’envelliment normal, 3 S'espera identificar reducció de la capacitat olfactòria en l'IRBD i la PD, així com que progressi lleugerament amb el curs de la malaltia. MATERIAL I MÈTODES: La present Tesi Doctoral consta de sis estudis realitzats per donar resposta als objectius esmenats anteriorment. CONCLUSIONS: La present Tesi Doctoral ha identificat nous dèficits cognitius en pacients amb IRBD i ha perfilar la seva progressió al llarg de l’evolució de la malaltia. En particular, el nostre treball ha demostrat la importància de les funcions VS/VP com a mesura capaç d’identificar els canvis cognitius a través del temps en l’IRBD i el seu potencial per identificar aquells pacients amb neurodegeneració progressiva en el còrtex posterior. A més, hem descrit de forma exhaustiva les característiques de la disfunció olfactiva precoç i greu de l’IRBD i hem descrit per primera vegada els seus correlats neuroanatòmics.
Ramadoss, Balaji. "Vector Flow Model in Video Estimation and Effects of Network Congestion in Low Bit-Rate Compression Standards." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000139.
Повний текст джерелаIsaacson, Matthew David. "Using new tools to study the neural mechanisms of sensation : auditory processing in locusts and translational motion vision in flies." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/288741.
Повний текст джерелаSuñol, Rodrigo Maria. "Brain correlates of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in healthy children." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671026.
Повний текст джерелаObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by the presence of intrusive thoughts that cause anxiety (obsessions) and lead to repetitive behaviors or mental acts aimed at reducing this anxiety (compulsions). Although OCD has been associated with alterations in the cortico-striato- thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuits, the clinical heterogeneity of the disorder makes its neurobiology difficult to investigate. Given that the evidence suggests that different OCD symptoms could arise from distinct neurobiological alterations, the use of the multidimensional model, which allows characterizing different symptom dimensions, could help define more homogeneous subgroups of patients and identify more robust endophenotypes. However, the studies that have used this approach have given heterogeneous findings, possibly due to differences between patients in terms of medication, chronicity, or comorbidities. Notably, epidemiological studies show that obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCSs) in childhood predispose to developing OCD in adulthood. Furthermore, the symptom profile observed in adulthood is consistent with the same symptom precursors in childhood. Therefore, OCSs could be studied in samples of healthy children from a dimensional perspective, thus avoiding the confounding factors typically observed in clinical samples. This thesis seeks to contribute to the study of the neurobiological correlates of OCSs in hopes that its findings may eventually be linked to the development of OCD and serve to characterize at-risk individuals. With that aim, we present three studies assessing a sample of healthy children, in which we use a multidimensional approach and implement different neuroimaging modalities and techniques, as well as the combination of neuroimaging and genetic data, to provide a comprehensive view of the factors underlying OCSs. In the first study, we analyzed volumetric changes in gray and white matter associated with total and dimensional OCSs whereas, in the second one, we evaluated functional connectivity alterations associated with total and dimensional OCSs. In both studies, we also assessed the effect of age and sex on these associations. In the third one, we identified brain nodes in which dynamic functional connectivity tends to reverberate (attractors) and we studied their relationship with total and dimensional OCSs. Furthermore, by combining neuroimaging and gene expression data, we identified genetic variants that moderated the relationship between OCSs and attractors. Our results link total OCSs with alterations in the CSTC circuit, which concurs with the prevailing neurobiological model of OCD, but also in limbic regions outside of this circuit. We also observed that different symptoms were associated with distinct neurobiological alterations: obsessing symptoms were related to alterations in limbic regions; doubt/checking symptoms were associated with changes in the ventral cognitive CSTC loop, the insula and regions mediating frontal processing; ordering symptoms were associated with alterations in the ventral cognitive and sensorimotor CSTC loops and the superior parietal cortex; hoarding symptoms were related to alterations in different CSTC loops, suggesting a larger CSTC alteration. Structural changes related to ordering symptoms were specific to boys under 10 years of age, whereas structural and functional changes associated with hoarding symptoms were specific to children over 10 years of age, especially to girls, which suggests that these demographic groups may be more susceptible to developing such symptoms. Finally, we identified polymorphisms in the GRM7 and GNAQ genes, involved in the modulation of glutamate neurotransmission, and in the PARVA gene, associated with the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, that predisposed to an increase in the attractor properties of the hippocampus, linked to total OCSs. We also found polymorphisms in the ATP1B1 and TESC genes, involved in the maintenance of electrochemical gradients, that predisposed and protected, respectively, to an increase in the attractor properties of the superior parietal cortex, related to ordering symptoms.
Laine, P. (Pekka). "Dopamine transporter in alcoholism:a SPET study." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2001. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514265270.
Повний текст джерелаGoçalo, Cássia Gongora. "Análise do comportamento natatório de larvas de peixes marinhos com técnicas de imageamento de alta frequência." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/21/21134/tde-07052015-105843/.
Повний текст джерелаThe swimming behavior of first feeding fish larvae Rachycentron canadum and Epinephelus marginatus was described using images acquired with high-speed cameras (60 to 2000 frames per second) by the imaging techniques: bright field microscopy, matched filters system and holography. Eight behavioral metrics were recorded in the presence of copepod nauplii; rotifer Brachionus sp.; and unfed: routine swimming (1 to 2.9 body lengths per second, BL s-¹); burst swimming (3 to 40 BL s-¹); backward swimming; distance traveled; caudal beat frequency of swimming and maintaining of the position (about 40 b s-¹); fast C-turns (0.16 to 0.40 s) and S-turns (0.009 to 0.17 s); rest; and feeding behavior (observation of prey and attempts to capture). The larvae altered their swimming velocity in the presence of prey and incresead according to age. The highest values of the Reynolds number were reached in the presence of prey, to routine swimming was < 20, and to bust swimming > 200. Muscles contractions and changes in the swimming showed a relation to ecological aspects of organisms, like food searching and intra and interspecific interactions.
Vogel, Karen. "Terapia de aceitação e compromisso no tratamento da fobia de espaços fechados: ensaio clínico randomizado." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5142/tde-01042015-102601/.
Повний текст джерелаThe MRI exams have been in considerable demand in various medical specialties to diagnose diseases. Although it is an effective diagnostic method, patients who are subjected to the exam might present high levels of discomfort due to the confined space of the device. The phobia of enclosed spaces is considered a type of specific phobia, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5 (APA, 2013). Objectives: to check if a single session of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy is as effective as seven sessions of the same therapeutic model for the treatment of patients with fear of undergoing MRI exams and enclosed spaces phobia. METHODS: A randomized clinical trial study with two parallel groups was performed, one group underwent one session and the other group underwent seven sessions of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Participants were assessed at the beginning and at the end of treatment with the following instruments: Claustrophobia Inventory from Rachman and Taylor (1993), Beck Depression Inventory from beck et al. (1961) and Anxiety Inventory State - Trait from Spielberger, Gorsuch and Luschene (1970). The study was performed in a public hospital in the city of Sao Paulo with 30 patients. Main outcome: to remain in a MRI simulator for at least 30 minutes after each treatment. Secondary outcomes: compare the differences in the inventories of Claustrophobia, Beck Depression Inventory and the Anxiety Inventory Trait- State scores compared at the beginning and at the end of treatments. RESULTS: 92.9% of participants (N) on the seven sessions group were able to carry out the MRI exam simulator after treatment, while 50% of participants of the one session group were able carry out the post treatment session in the simulator (p = 0.033). From the participants who had better response to treatment, 78 % were male, 80 % were married, 78 % did not use psychiatric medication and 20 % had a diagnosis of specific MRI phobia, 80% had a diagnosis of enclosed spaces phobia. All subjects with the Specific Phobia of performing MRI exams diagnosis were able to perform at the simulator test without considering the number of treatment sessions. Those with phobia of enclosed spaces responded more to the seven sessions treatment (92 %, p = 0.009). The inventory of claustrophobia showed that individuals in the seven sessions group performed the treatment (p = 0.002), showing significant differences before and after treatment and the level of performance was the same three months later. The Beck Inventory showed that there was improvement in depressive symptoms at the end of treatment (p = 0.015), but there was no difference after three months. It was observed through the regression coefficients that the higher the score on the inventory of claustrophobia and Beck Depression Inventory, the lower the probability of performing in the simulator. However, doing at least seven sessions of therapy increases the likelihood of the desired positive outcome. The study also showed that seven therapy sessions were beneficial, because even with high scores of depressive symptoms patients were successful in the test of the MRI simulator
Loughran, Jonathan David. "Investigation of microbubble behaviour under ultrasound for molecular imaging." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/19004.
Повний текст джерелаRotgé, Jean-Yves. "Rôle des voies thalamo-corticales dans le trouble obsessionnel-compulsif : approches méta-analytique et physiopathologique chez l'homme et l'animal." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR21783/document.
Повний текст джерелаObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a frequent and disabling anxiety disorder. Available treatments are effective for most patients but impairing residual symptoms and treatment resistance are common in OCD patients. Therefore, a better understanding of OCD pathophysiology is essential for further improvement of therapeutic strategies. The main goal of my thesis was to assess the anatomical and funtional thalamocortical alterations associated with OCD. Concerning the anatomical thalamocortical alterations associated with OCD, we conducted two meta-analyses of anatomical neuroimaging studies and an original volumetric neuroimaging study. We reported a smaller thalamic volume and a greater orbitofrontal volume, but also an inverse relationship between the volume changes in OCD patients compared with healthy subjects. Furthermore, we showed that gray matter density within the orbitofrontal cortex and the putamen were enhanced in OCD. Concerning the functional thalamocortical alterations associated with OCD, we reported data coming from a meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies, an experimental study in subhuman primates using local brain pharmacological manipulations and an event-related neuroimaging study in OCD patients. In our meta-analysis, we showed that the orbitofrontal cortex, the thalamus and the striatum were involved in the mediation of OCD symptoms. In subhuman primates, the pharmacologically induced overactivity within the ventralanterior thalamic nucleus leaded to the emergence of compulsive-like behaviors. Then, in our neuroimaging study, we found that doubt-related orbitofrontal dysfunctions were not modulated by neither error signals nor compulsive-like behaviors in OCD patients, compared with healthy subjects. Finally, we described by using meta-analytic data that anatomical and functional brain alterations overlap with the lateral orbitofrontal cortex in OCD. In conclusion, our results suggest that the thalamo-orbitofrontal network may play a primary role in the genesis and mediation of OCD symptoms
Lieutaud, Thomas. "Quelles potentialités thérapeutiques pour l’érythropoiétine recombinante dans le traitement des traumatismes du système nerveux central ?" Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10010/document.
Повний текст джерелаErythropoietin (Epo) is an ubiquitous cytokine. It has endocrine, paracrin and autocrin functions. It improves antiapoptotic mechanisms on all tissues subjected to hypoxic stress. In many animal models of brain trauma but also in other brain injury models, and some human clinical studies, recombinant Human Epo (Epo-rh) has proven neuro-protective properties. The main goal of this work was to improve and incorporate Epo-rh in the pharmacological arsenal of treatment in brain and spinal cord traumatic injuries in human. In a first part, to explore the reasons of failure of inclusion in a Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) study to test the thrombo-embolic tolerance and efficacy of Epo-rh, we studied the epidemiology of SCI using the road crash Rhône registry in the period 1997-2006. Then we compared the epidemiological trends of the SCI incidence, associated trauma, mortality and fatality rates in two periods of 6 years: 1995-2001 and 2003-2008. In a second part, due to the 20-fold higher incidence of traumatic brian injury (TBI) in comparison to SCI, we characterized the effects of a moderate (1.6-1.8 atm) lateral fluid percussion injury (LFPI) in order to understand and characterize the pharmacological, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective mechanisms of action of Epo-rh in such a brain injury
Vathavooran, Arunasalam. "Applying froth imaging techniques to characterise the dewatering behaviour of fine coal." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.440997.
Повний текст джерелаLu, Ran. "Intravital Imaging of Dynamic Behaviors of Leukocytes in UVB-induced Skin Inflammation." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1357227508.
Повний текст джерелаNguyen, Harrison Tri Tue. "Computational Neuroscience with Deep Learning for Brain Imaging Analysis and Behaviour Classification." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27313.
Повний текст джерелаMa'rof, A. Azeqa. "Imagined intergroup contact effects on prosocial attitudes and behavior." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/21270/.
Повний текст джерелаLee, Lucy. "Imaging the effects of 1 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation during motor behaviour." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.414431.
Повний текст джерелаLee, Ria J. Heilbrun Kirk. "Imagined versus actual violence: the role of cognitions in predicting violence risk /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2004. http://dspace.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/366.
Повний текст джерелаBaba, Aïssa Hind. "Anatomie et physiologie des voies de sortie du cervelet chez le rongeur." Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPSLE018.
Повний текст джерелаAccurate sensory acquisition and perception are key features to survival. Though many parameters underlying the processing of sensory information is known, several aspects are still poorly understood, such as the exact contribution of each cerebral structure. Here, we analyze the cerebellar contribution to sensory processing in the mouse whisker system. We identify an anatomical and physiological disynaptic projection from the cerebellar nuclei to the primary sensory cortex, involving notably by the posterior medial thalamus (POm). The modulation of this strong driver-like cerebello-thalamic projection induces an impairment in a fine sensory discrimination task, and its co-activation along with peripheral inputs induces the increased recruitment of POm projections to layer I of sensory cortex. Taken together, our results show that the cerebellum targets non-motor cortical areas and can directly modulate sensory processing through a higher order thalamic nucleus, the POm
Miller, Nicola Anne. "The significance of kinaesthetic vocal sensations related to listening behaviour : an MRI study." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2014. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=216996.
Повний текст джерелаArmstrong, Barbara. "Instructed human imagining behavior effectiveness for reducing experimentally induced learned helplessness." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5187.
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