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Дисертації з теми "Batterie solide lithium-Métal"
Hajndl, Ognjen. "Batterie tout solide pour application automobile : processus de mise en forme et étude des interfaces." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAI026/document.
Повний текст джерелаNext generation batteries expectations for electric vehicle are significant, whether in terms of autonomy, environmental impact, charging speed and cost. The all solid-state batteries with a non-flammable solid electrolyte, rather than the conventional liquid one, could meet those criteria.Garnet-type ceramic Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) is a promising solid electrolyte given its good Li-ion conductivity, chemical and electrochemical stability. The major constraint is the need to densify the ceramic at high temperature in order to make it conductive. No standard method exists to build a dense all-solid cell with low interfacial resistance.In this context, the PhD work managed to optimize the solid-state synthesis protocol of the LLZO oxide and his densification by the hot-pressing technique. The conditions of symmetrical Li/LLZO/Li cell assembly allowed to study the Li-metal/LLZO interface and its impact on lithium plating/striping behavior. Feasibility of densifying a “half-cell” (composite cathode/LLZO) in one single step was also studied by adjusting the hot-pressing temperature and pressure parameters
Basso-Bert, Thomas. "Etude de l'élaboration et des performances électrochimiques de séparateurs électrolytiques composites polymère-céramique pour des batteries au Lithium métal." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALI036.
Повний текст джерелаTo boost the energy density of lithium-based accumulators, two levers are commonly studied: the energy density and the potential of electrode materials. The use of Li metal as a negative electrode is undoubtedly an appropriate solution to address these challenges since it has the highest gravimetric capacity (3860mAh/g) and very low reducing potential (-3.04 V vs. Standard Hydrogen Electrode). However, a couple of harmful phenomena prevent from using this ideal negative electrode, such as the dendritic growth during the electrodeposition of Lithium metal when a conventional organic liquid electrolyte is used. As a result, the research has been focusing on the development of numerous solid-state electrolytes (SSE) materials, having high Li+ ionic conductivity, high Li+ transport number, large electrochemical stability window, low cost, recyclable. Despite of breakthroughs for both ceramics or polymers fields (and even composites of both), no room temperature SSE has been developed at industrial scale so far [1].In that context, a new concept [2] of composite polymer/ceramic membrane is studied to be implemented within a Lithium Metal battery. It consists of an electrolytic separator where the Li1.3Al0,3Ti1,7(PO4)3 (LATP) ceramic forms one mono layer of monocrystalline and monodispersed grains bonded with a Poly(ethylene)-based matrix. The LATP grains are the Li+ conducting media allowing the Li+ percolation from one side to another while the Poly(ethylene)-based matrix which is ionically and electronically insulating, and, above all, impermeable to most of conventional Li-ion batteries solvents and Li salts, ensuring both the membrane tightening and very good flexibility (figure 1.a.). Herein, this composite membrane is elaborated via a low cost, solvent free process thanks to extrusion and calendering which can be industrially upscaled unlike the very complex and multistep processes suggested in the literature so far [2,3]. The microstructure of the composite separators was characterized by SEM and X-ray Tomography imaging to better understand the influences of the ceramic, the polymer type, and the elaboration process parameters. The Li+ ionic conductivity of the composite membranes as a function of the ceramic content have been studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and a high conductivity of 0.49 mS/cm has been measured at 25°C (50vol% LATP, figure 1.b.). Acting as a chemical barrier, this composite membrane allows the optimization of electrolyte chemistries at both the anode side and the cathode sides. Hence, the ionic charge transfer mechanisms in symmetric electrolyte/membrane/electrolyte systems have been also studied by EIS to determine the driving parameters such as the solvent type, the Li salt type and concentration [4].References:[1] Janek, J. & Zeier, W. G. A solid future for battery development. Nat. Energy 1, 1–4 (2016)[2] Aetukuri, N. B. et al. Flexible Ion-Conducting Composite Membranes for Lithium Batteries. Adv. Energy Mater. 5, 1–6 (2015)[3] Samuthira Pandian, A. et al. Flexible, Synergistic Ceramic-Polymer Hybrid Solid-State Electrolyte for Secondary Lithium Metal Batteries. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 3, 12709–12715 (2020)[4] Isaac, J. A., Mangani, L. R., Devaux, D. & Bouchet, R. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy of PEO-LATP Model Multilayers: Ionic Charge Transport and Transfer. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 14, 13158–13168 (2022)
Issa, Sébastien. "Synthèse et caractérisation d'électrolytes solides hybrides pour les batteries au lithium métal." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0046.
Повний текст джерелаThe problems caused by the intensive extraction and use of fossil fuels have forced humanity to turn to the development of renewable energies and electric vehicles. However, these technologies need to be coupled with efficient energy storage means to exploit their potential. Lithium metal anode systems are particularly interesting because they have a high energy density. However, this technology suffers from the formation of dendrites that can trigger short circuits causing the device to explode. Thus, many efforts have been devoted to the development of POE-based solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) that provide a barrier that blocks dendritic growth while preserving ionic conduction properties. However, the ionic conductivity of POE-based SPEs decreases strongly with temperature. Currently, the best SPEs in the literature would require operation at 60 °C, which means that some of the energy in the battery will be diverted from its use to maintain this temperature. Thus, the main objective of this thesis work is to design an SPE that allows the operation of lithium metal battery technology at room temperature. These SPEs must exhibit high ionic conductivity at room temperature (≈ 10-4 S.cm-1) and mechanical properties that allow the inhibition of the dendritic growth phenomenon. For this, the objectives of the project are focused on the development of new nanocomposite and hybrid SPEs
Cipolla, Alex. "Etude et amélioration d'accumulateurs à anode de lithium métal en couplant modélisation et caractérisation." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2022. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03689299.
Повний текст джерелаLithium metal represents the optimal candidate for the negative electrode in lithium batteries, due to its high theoretical capacity (3860 mAh.g-1) and low potential (-3.04 V SHE). On the other hand, the major drawback of this technology is the formation of dendrites, which can cause thermal runaway and internal short-circuits, and are responsible for the limited lifetime of the cells. A dendrite-free lithium deposition is needed to improve this high energy density technology, thus, a deeper understanding of the phenomena and parameters that influence dendrite growth and formation is necessary.The goal of this work is the correlation between experiments and modelling, to understand the formation and the growth of dendrites. The output of the model allows one to theorize in which conditions dendrites growth is boosted or avoided, and how the properties of the cell components and the design of the electrode surface can affect it, to suggest solutions to reduce dendrites. On the other hand, the experimental work has the purpose to define a framework of techniques to find reliable parameters to be used in the model, and to validate the trends of the model.The proposed continuum model shows that the Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) is fundamental to assess dendrites formation and growth, while the definition of a limiting current density is not a sufficient condition to avoid dendrites. Thanks to the introduction of the SEI concept and properties, the proposed model studies the influence of its mechanical and electrochemical properties on the dendritic growth. Starting from the initial surface geometry and the electrochemical and mechanical properties of the cell components, the model is able to predict the conditions that favours dendritic growth and to distinguish different surface morphologies. Tree-like, mossy-like and whisker dendrites are obtained, depending on the applied current density. Moreover, the addition of the mechanics of the SEI allows the model to distinguish between tip-induced growth and root-induced growth. From the model results, it can be concluded that a SEI with low resistivity, high diffusion coefficient and fast reaction rate can reduce dendrite growth, while the mechanical resistance of the SEI is a double-edge sword because it can limit the uncontrolled expansion of the lithium electrode but also boost the root-growth in case of fractures.Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques are used to find electrochemical and mechanical properties of the SEI formed in liquid electrolytes. By following electrochemical impedance response over time, it is possible to observe SEI evolution and determine mean values for its thickness, its diffusion coefficient and its conductivity. On the other hand, the AFM technique is used in the force spectroscopy mode, from which it is possible to determine local values of the SEI Young’s modulus. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) technique, which is able to identify the chemical components on the electrode surface, helps to validate the results of AFM. Finally, the trends predicted by the model are validated with a novel cell configuration suitable for an operando optical microscopy study of lithium metal stripping/plating.This work represents a comprehensive study on dendrites formation and growth in lithium metal batteries. While it considers only liquid electrolytes so far, as a perspective, it could easily be expanded to solid electrolytes and artificial coatings
Pelletier, Bérengère. "Caractérisation approfondie de copolymères triblocs PS-b-POE-b-PS utilisés en tant qu'Electrolytes Polymères Solides pour les batteries Lithium-Métal-Polymère." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4730.
Повний текст джерелаThe research on electrochemical storage of energy is today in a stage of fast and profound evolution owing to the strong development of portable electronics requesting power energy as well as the requirement of greener transport modes. Most commercial batteries use liquid or liquid-based electrolytes, which limits their thermal stability, energy density and safety. These limitations could be considerably offset by the use of solid polymer electrolytes (SPE) and lithium metal polymer technology (LMP). However, the main drawback of the SPE is the decrease of the ionic conductivity with increasing mechanical strength, necessary to avoid the formation of lithium dendrites during the recharge of the battery. In this context, triblock copolymers PS-b-PEO-b-PS with a PEO block as ionic conductor and PS block providing mechanical strength was a promising candidate as SPE. In order to build composition/morphology/performance relationships, the aim of my PhD is to characterize carefully the block copolymer. For that purpose, the PS-b-PEO-b-PS synthesized (NMP) were characterized using Liquid Chromatography under Limiting Conditions of Desorption (LC LCD). Furthermore, analyses of morphologies and nano-structure by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) techniques, analyses of thermal (DSC) and mechanical (DSC) properties will be also discussed. Finally, measures of impedance were made via symmetric cells Lithium / Electrolyte / Lithium
Gle, David. "Synthèse de copolymères à architectures complexes à base de POE utilisés en tant qu'électrolytes polymères solides pour une application dans les batteries lithium métal-polymère." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4761/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn the context of sustainable development, electric vehicles appear to be a major solution for the future. Among the lastest technologies, the Lithium Metal Polymer battery has presented very interesting performances in terms of energy density. The main drawback of this system is the formation of lithium dendrites during the refill of the battery that could cause short circuits leading to the explosion of the battery. The aim of my PhD is to develop a Solid Polymer Electrolyte showing a high ionic conductivity (2.10-4 S.cm-1 at 40°C) and a high mechanical strength (30 MPa) to prevent dendritic growth. For that purpose, Nitroxide Mediated Polymerization is used to synthesize block copolymers with a PEO moiety for ionic conduction –CH2-CH2-O- and polystyrene for mechanical strength. Different kind of architectures have been synthesized : block copolymer with linear PEO moiety or with grafted PEO moiety
Gle, David. "Synthèse de copolymères à architectures complexes à base de POE utilisés en tant qu'électrolytes polymères solides pour une application dans les batteries lithium métal-polymère." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4761.
Повний текст джерелаIn the context of sustainable development, electric vehicles appear to be a major solution for the future. Among the lastest technologies, the Lithium Metal Polymer battery has presented very interesting performances in terms of energy density. The main drawback of this system is the formation of lithium dendrites during the refill of the battery that could cause short circuits leading to the explosion of the battery. The aim of my PhD is to develop a Solid Polymer Electrolyte showing a high ionic conductivity (2.10-4 S.cm-1 at 40°C) and a high mechanical strength (30 MPa) to prevent dendritic growth. For that purpose, Nitroxide Mediated Polymerization is used to synthesize block copolymers with a PEO moiety for ionic conduction –CH2-CH2-O- and polystyrene for mechanical strength. Different kind of architectures have been synthesized : block copolymer with linear PEO moiety or with grafted PEO moiety
Pelletier, Bérengère. "Caractérisation approfondie de copolymères triblocs PS-b-POE-b-PS utilisés en tant qu'Electrolytes Polymères Solides pour les batteries Lithium-Métal-Polymère." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4730/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe research on electrochemical storage of energy is today in a stage of fast and profound evolution owing to the strong development of portable electronics requesting power energy as well as the requirement of greener transport modes. Most commercial batteries use liquid or liquid-based electrolytes, which limits their thermal stability, energy density and safety. These limitations could be considerably offset by the use of solid polymer electrolytes (SPE) and lithium metal polymer technology (LMP). However, the main drawback of the SPE is the decrease of the ionic conductivity with increasing mechanical strength, necessary to avoid the formation of lithium dendrites during the recharge of the battery. In this context, triblock copolymers PS-b-PEO-b-PS with a PEO block as ionic conductor and PS block providing mechanical strength was a promising candidate as SPE. In order to build composition/morphology/performance relationships, the aim of my PhD is to characterize carefully the block copolymer. For that purpose, the PS-b-PEO-b-PS synthesized (NMP) were characterized using Liquid Chromatography under Limiting Conditions of Desorption (LC LCD). Furthermore, analyses of morphologies and nano-structure by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) techniques, analyses of thermal (DSC) and mechanical (DSC) properties will be also discussed. Finally, measures of impedance were made via symmetric cells Lithium / Electrolyte / Lithium
Cluzeau, Benoît. "Développement de batteries lithium-ion « Tout solide » pour véhicules électriques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Pau, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PAUU3071.
Повний текст джерелаImprovements in the performances of Li-ion batteries in the past two decades, has enabled the introduction of many electric cars on the market. However, demands regarding the safety, autonomy, and fast charging require the development of new and more efficient technologies.It was in this context that the RAISE 2024 project, in which this thesis is part of, was founded. This collaboration between ARKEMA, SAFT and the University of Pau and Adour Countries aims to develop a lithium ion battery with a solid electrolyte. The development of such a system has a double objective: the reinforcement of safety during operation, and the use of new electrode materials with higher capacity such as metallic lithium.To achieve this objective, two electrolytes were studied in this thesis. The first consists of a gelled electrolyte obtained by crosslinking of a polymer matrix. It provides good performance in terms of ionic conductivity at room temperature (10-3 S/cm). More than 700 cycles were achieved with this electrolyte in a battery cell before reaching 80% of initial capacity. The impact of polymer matrix on performance was studied through a series of electrochemical tests and surface analysis (XPS). Finally, safety tests (nail penetration) carried out on cells filled with this electrolyte show a significant reduction of energy released.Finally, a second ionic conductor was studied. It comes in the form of a polymer membrane, plasticized with an ionic liquid and a solvent. This membrane exhibits ionic conductivity above 10-4 S/cm at room temperature. Coupled with a gel electrolyte in electrodes to improve interfacial contact, the membrane shows a high resistance to lithium dendrites. A cell using this electrolyte and composed of NMC 811 as positive electrode and lithium metal as negative electrode performed 200 cycles at a rate of C/5, D/2 before losing 20% of its initial capacity
Devaux, Didier. "Caractérisation et optimisation de copolymères à blocs comme électrolytes de batteries lithium métal." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4748/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe key limiting factor for the deployment of Lithium metal batteries is the formation of lithium dendrites at the anode during recharge. One solution consists in the use of a solid polymer electrolyte. A bloc copolymer is composed of one or several conductive blocks based on PEO (poly(ethylene oxide)), linear or branched, doped with a lithium salt (LiTFSI) and reinforced blocks that ideally mitigate the dendritic growth. These materials can self-organize in nanometric domains. The interfaces between the domains generate sufficient mechanical properties at the macroscopic level whilst, locally, the PEO chain dynamics remain high, ensuring ionic conduction.This thesis deals with physico-chemical characterizations of these copolymer electrolytes, with different architectures (diblock, triblock and star shaped), and the optimization of their composition. A fundamental study of doped polymers highlighted the main mechanisms of ionic transport and the impact of the end groups at low molar mass on conductivity and viscosity. This step enabled a selection of the best candidates to be made. A study of the electrolyte stability with respect to lithium was carried out. After the formulation of cathodes, plastic batteries were assembled and successfully tested by galvanostatic cycling under temperature [40°C-100°C] and high regime. Finally, a 6 mAh prototype realised more than 400 cycles under the regime C/4 and D/2 at 100°C