Статті в журналах: "Base structured category"

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Andre, Terence S., Steven M. Belz, Faith A. McCrearys, and H. Rex Hartson. "Testing a Framework for Reliable Classification of Usability Problems." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, no. 37 (July 2000): 573–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004403707.

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The User Action Framework (UAF) is a knowledge base of usability issues and concepts structured to provide a framework and method for classifying usability problems identified during usability evaluation. The UAF is essentially a hierarchical structure of usability attributes that users traverse as a decision structure, selecting the most appropriate classification category and sub-category at each level of the hierarchy. The cumulative set of category choices along the classification path is taken as a sequence of usability attributes that determines a complete classification description of the usability problem in question. The UAF itself has been the subject of usability evaluation and is the product of an extensive, iterative design process. In this paper we report on the reliability of the UAF by measuring the agreement of 10 experienced usability practitioners as they classify 15 different usability problems.

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Frascella, A., and C. Guido. "Structured lattices and ground categories ofL-sets." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 2005, no. 17 (2005): 2783–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/ijmms.2005.2783.

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Complete lattices are considered with suitable families of lattice morphisms that provide a structure(L,Φ), useful to characterize ground categories ofL-sets by means of powerset operators associated to morphisms of these categories. The construction of ground categories and powerset operators presented here extends and unifies most approaches previously considered, allowing the use of noncrisp objects and, with some restriction, the change of base. A sufficiently large category ofL-sets that includes all possible ground categories on a structured lattice(L,Φ)is provided and studied, and its usefulness is justified. Many explanatory examples have been given and connection with the categories considered by J. A. Goguen and by S. E. Rodabaugh are stated.

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Rinta, Crismonia, and Zonalia Fitriza. "Pengembangan Tes Diagnostik Esai Terstruktur Kimia Materi Titrasi Asam Basa Sebagai Instrumen Analisis Hasil Belajar Siswa." Edukimia 4, no. 2 (August 21, 2022): 084–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/ekj.v4.i2.a353.

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Learning difficulties experienced by students in a subject can affect their learning outcomes. Learning difficulties can be caused by misconceptions experienced by students or knowledge barriers. It can be happened because chemistry has complex materials which require students to comprehend prerequisite concepts before mastering complex concepts. This research aims to develop a Structured Essay Diagnostic Test of Chemistry for acid-base titration material that fulfils good criteria as an instrument for identifying misconceptions, learning barriers, and assessing student learning outcomes. The research procedure consists of 3 stages: determining the content, obtaining information about students misconceptions, and developing a diagnostic test. The SEDToC instrument was tested for validity and reliability. The SEDToC was validated by four educational chemists and high school chemistry teachers. Which was concluded that the SEDToC instrument is valid, and reliable in the very high category. Analysis of the difficulty index of the SEDToC instrument obtained 10 items in the easy category and 18 questions in the difficult category. The analysis of the discriminatory power of the questions was obtained that 6 items were in a bad category, 18 questions were in the sufficient category, three item was in a good category and one item was in a very good category. The results of the study using the SEDToC instrument for acid-base titration materials proved that the SEDToC instrument was able to assess student learning outcomes, identify misconceptions, and material inhibiting students.

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Papanthymou, Anastasia, and Maria Darra. "Defining Quality in Primary and Secondary Education." International Education Studies 16, no. 2 (March 28, 2023): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ies.v16n2p128.

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The purpose of this paper is to explore the conceptual content of the term ‘quality’ in primary and secondary education through the content analysis of 32 scientific publications. The analysis of the qualitative data is based on the methodology of grounded theory, revealing 21 major dimensions of quality with a high frequency of occurrence that are divided into five broader categories. The first category, ‘learning environment,’ includes psychosocial elements, physical elements, respect for diversity and collaboration, sharing, and team spirit. The second category, ‘learning content,’ includes student-centred pedagogy, well-structured knowledge base, continuous curriculum improvement, interest in all students, and life skills. The third category, ‘processes,’ includes teaching, learning, assessment, support, and supervision. The fourth category, ‘students,’ includes involvement/participation, feedback, challenging learning activities, and improved learning outcomes. Finally, the fifth category, ‘teachers,’ includes knowledge of educational context, content, curriculum, and pedagogy, pedagogical skills, emotional/management/reflection skills, and teacher professional development. According to the main findings, from the category ‘learning environment,’ the dimension concerning the psychosocial elements prevails in the literature; from the category ‘learning content’, the dimension of student-centred pedagogy prevails; and from the category ‘processes’, three dimensions prevail: the first is related to support and supervision and the other two are related to teaching and assessment. From the wider category ‘students,’ the dimension relating to improved learning outcomes prevails. Finally, in the category ‘teachers,’ two dimensions prevail: the first concerns skills (emotional, management, reflection), and the second dimension concerns knowledge of the educational context, content, curriculum, and pedagogy.

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Birnbaum, Marvin L., Sowmya Adibhatla, Olivia Dudek, and Jessica Ramsel-Miller. "Categorization and Analysis of Disaster Health Publications: An Inventory." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 32, no. 5 (May 31, 2017): 473–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x17006525.

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AbstractDisaster Medicine is a relatively new discipline. Understanding of the current status of its science is needed in order to develop a roadmap for the direction and structure of future studies that will contribute to building the science of the health aspects of disasters (HADs). The objective of this study was to examine the existing, peer-reviewed literature relevant to the HADs to determine the status of the currently available literature underlying the science of the HADs. A total of 709 consecutive, peer-reviewed articles published from 2009-2014 in two disaster-health-related medical journals, Prehospital and Disaster Medicine (PDM) and Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness (DMPHP), were examined. Of these, 495 were disaster-related (PDM, 248; DMPHP, 247). Three major categories defined these disaster-related research articles: (1) Epidemiological studies comprised 50.5%; (2) Interventional, 20.3%; and (3) Syntheses, 26.9%. Interventional studies were sub-categorized into: (a) Relief Responses, 23.0%; (b) Recovery Responses, 2.0%; or (c) Risk-Reduction Interventions, 75.0%. Basically, the inventories were consistent within the two journals. Reported indicators of outcomes related to the responses were constrained to achievement indicators (numbers accomplished). Syntheses articles were sub-categorized into: (a) Literature Reviews, 17.6%; (b) Opinions, 25.2%; (c) Models, 24.4%; (d) Frameworks, 6.9%; (e) Guidelines, 13.0%; (f) Tools, 3.0%; (g) Protocols, Policies, or Criteria, 2.3%; or (h) Conference Summaries, 7.6%. Trend analyses indicated that the relative proportions of articles in each category and sub-category remained relatively constant over the five years. No randomized controlled trials (RTCs), non-randomized, comparative controlled trials (CCTs), or systematic reviews were published in these journals during the period examined. Each article also was examined qualitatively for objectives, study type, content, language, and structure. There was no common structure used for any category or sub-categories. In addition, the terminology used was inconsistent and often confusing. This categorization process should be applied to other peer-reviewed journals that publish research related to HADs. As evidenced in the current study, the evidence base for HADs is far from robust and is disorganized, making the development of scientific evidence on which to base best practices difficult. A stronger evidence base is needed to develop the science associated with the HADs. This will require a common structure and terminology to facilitate comparisons. Greater depth of reporting is needed in order to render the Epidemiological studies more useful in mitigating the negative health impacts of hazard-related events. Interventional studies must be structured and include outcomes, impacts, benefits, and costs with robust indicators. The outcomes and impacts of Risk-Reduction Interventions will require the evaluation of changes in the epidemiology documented in future events or exercises.BirnbaumML, AdibhatlaS, DudekO, Ramsel-MillerJ. Categorization and analysis of disaster health publications: an inventory. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2017;32(5):473–482.

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Cho, Su Min, and Jae Young Hong. "The Challenges and Support Needs of Beginning Teachers Working at The Special Education Support Centers for Itinerant Education." Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction 22, no. 19 (October 15, 2022): 253–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22251/jlcci.2022.22.19.253.

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Objectives The purpose of this study was to conduct a qualitative study and deeply examine the challenges and support needs experienced by beginning teachers in special education support centers during itinerant education. Methods To this end, snowball sampling was conducted to target 5 beginning teachers working in special education support centers in Jeollabuk-do Province as the research participants. This study intended to closely investigate the experience of beginning teachers that implement itinerant education in special education support centers, so a semi-structured interview was developed with 3 domains and 12 components about the ‘operation status of itinerant education,’ ‘challenges of itinerant education,’ and ‘support needs for itinerant education.’ Based on the semi-structured interview, 1-2 sessions of in-depth interview, which is a qualitative study, were conducted and the collected data were analyzed with inductive analysis through the three coding processes that consisted of transcription, coding, and meaning generation. Results The analysis result showed that the struggles of the beginning teachers can be classified into 4 upper categories and 13 sub-categories. The first upper category is ‘a lack of expertise’ and recognized the lack of expertise as a teacher such as establishing itinerant education activity plans, classes, and interventions for behavior problems. The second upper category is ‘psychological conflicts from relationships’ and beginning teachers experienced challenges in their relationships with inclusive teachers, guardians, and the students during the itinerant education. The third upper category was the ‘barren road for self-development’ as there were limits in the training for itinerant education or human resource. The fourth upper category is the ‘poor environment and administrative⋅financial support’ and there were insufficient environmental conditions for itinerant education and administrative⋅financial support. The support needs of the beginning teachers can be categorized into 3 upper categories and 6 sub-categories. The first upper category is for ‘teachers to develop’ through efforts for the growth of teachers' expertise such as training and professional learning community. The second upper category is ‘a school that collaborates and communicates.’ The beginning teachers emphasized the need to cooperate and communicate with the inclusive teachers and the school parents. The third upper category is ‘effective administrative⋅financial support’ as there were demands of appropriate administrative⋅financial support to perform the duties effectively. Conclusions The study results can be applied as the base data of policy support plans for the itinerant education of the beginning teachers in special education support centers and also to examine the measures required for the beginning teachers to develop into professional itinerant teachers.

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Bruwer, Johan, Vladimir Jiranek, Lulie Halstead, and Anthony Saliba. "Lower alcohol wines in the UK market: some baseline consumer behaviour metrics." British Food Journal 116, no. 7 (July 1, 2014): 1143–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-03-2013-0077.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide clearer insights into and identify the key consumer behaviour metrics of the lower alcohol category (<11 per cent ABV) in the UK wine market. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected via an online survey from a sample size of 598 regular UK wine drinkers. To operationalise the study, five research questions were formulated. A highly structured quantitatively directed questionnaire was designed to find the answers to the research questions. Findings – Barriers to a larger uptake of the product category included non-availability of the products, lower quality perceptions, taste issues, lack of awareness, lack of alcohol's “feel effect” and absence of a lower alcohol drinking occasion. Many UK consumers are not yet convinced how/if lower alcohol wine fits into their wine drinking occasions. The lower ABV wine buyer's main profile characteristics are weighted towards females, Millennial and Baby Boomer age generations, mostly mid to low income, who drink mainly white and rosé wines. Lower alcohol on its own is not seen as a big benefit, thus lower ABV wines should be more creatively communicated to sell the benefits. Originality/value – This study contributes to the knowledge base in that it is the first to investigate consumer behaviour metrics as regards lower ABV wine in one of the world's leading markets, in the process providing some important baseline research information on this category. As such it is of value to academic researchers and practitioners alike.

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Waheed Ayisa Jayeola. "Definiteness in the Zarma determiner phrase." Legon Journal of the Humanities 30, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 141–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ljh.v30i2.7.

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Adjectives in definite Determiner Phrases of Zarma, a Nilo-Saharan language trigger an additional (suffixed/base-merged) lexical determiner; in the event of adjectives modifying nouns, definite determiners can occur with either the nouns or the adjectives or both. In all of these cases, no different readings obtain. Structured interviews were conducted with Zarma native speakers to collect the data for this study. I analyse the phenomenon as a case of definite determiner doubling which does not bear on any form of agreement relations. I further suggest that definite determiner and its subsets – numeral, demonstrative, and quantifier do not overlap. However, each of these can occur alongside adjectives within the DP. Consequently, I consider the adjective as an exponent of the adjunct category. Based on Abney’s DP-Hypothesis and the restrictive theory of the Minimalist Program, the paper argues that the asymmetry in the surface realizations of elements/constituents within the Zarma DP is the effect of movement.

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Naveed, Wishal, Majsa Ammouriova, Noman Naveed, and Angel A. Juan. "Circular Economy and Information Technologies: Identifying and Ranking the Factors of Successful Practices." Sustainability 14, no. 23 (November 23, 2022): 15587. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142315587.

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Optimal resource utilization and sustainability are gaining importance in the last decades, raising awareness about the circular economy principles. The transition toward the circular economy demands appropriate culture, environment and technology. The developments in information and communication technologies could form the base for these requirements. Our study targets identifying factors that affect the implementation of circular economy principles. In addition, the role of information technologies in their implementation is targeted. A structured literature review was conducted to define these factors. These factors are categorized into four categories: cultural, automation, sharing, and measurement. The importance of these factors is ranked based on a questionnaire. The results show that the found factors are considered success factors in implementing circular economy practices. With respect to categories, the highest impact was noticed by the cultural category, emphasizing the impact of human factor, relations, and communication on the success of circular economy policies. In addition, factors related to appropriate infrastructure and data collection support the transition toward circular economy.

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Reis, Cleiton Pereira, Varley Teoldo Da Costa, Fernando de Azevedo Alves Pereira, Elton César Dos Santos, Dilson Borges Ribeiro Junior, Luciana Thomazini De Araujo, and Roberto Rodrigues Paes. "Percepção dos treinadores do Novo Basquete Brasil (NBB) sobre o desenvolvimento dos atletas brasileiros (Perception of coaches of the Novo Basquete Brasil (NBB) about the development of Brazilian athletes) (Percepción de los entrenadores del Novo Basque." Retos 43 (July 21, 2021): 325–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v43i0.89089.

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O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a percepção de treinadores profissionais de basquetebol sobre o processo de formação e desenvolvimento de atletas brasileiros. Participaram 9 treinadores de equipes que disputaram o NBB, nas temporadas 2018-2019. Utilizou-se um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada. Após a transcrição literal das entrevistas, o conteúdo foi analisado a partir de miniunidades (MUs). Os treinadores ressaltaram a ineficiência das escolas em desenvolver a coordenação motora dos alunos, e a precariedade da estrutura física para prática do basquetebol. Os entrevistados salientaram que a falta de espaços públicos para prática do esporte e a ausência de um programa nacional que capilarize o esporte são problemas sérios que necessitam ser enfrentados. Eles comentaram que o basquetebol universitário não contribui efetivamente para o desenvolvimento dos atletas brasileiros rumo ao profissionalismo. Além disso, as instituições esportivas não apresentam uma estrutura adequada para desenvolver os atletas. Verifica-se na categoria de base a existência de poucas equipes federadas, e consequentemente um número pequeno de competições e de partidas oficias disputadas. Conclui-se, pela percepção dos treinadores, que no Brasil existe uma precariedade nas ações das instituições educacionais, governamentais e esportivas em desenvolver atletas de basquetebol masculino de categoria de base. Abstract. The aim of the study was to analyze the perception of professional basketball coaches about the process of training and development of Brazilian athletes. Nine coaches participated in the NBB, seasons 2018 and 2019. A semi-structured interview was used. After the literal transcription of interviews, the content was analyzed from meaning-units (MUs). The coaches highlighted the inefficiency of schools in developing the motor coordination of students, and the precarious physical structure for the practice of basketball. The interviewees noted that in the absence of public spaces for practicing sports and in the absence of a national program that democratize the sports is a serious problem that need to be faced. They comment that college basketball does not contribute effectively to the development of Brazilian athletes towards professionalism Furthermore, sports institutions do not present a suitable structure to develop athletes. In the youth category, there are few federated teams, and consequently a few competitions and official matches played. It is concluded, by the coaches’ perception, which in Brazil there is a precariousness in the actions of educational, governmental and sports institutions in developing male basketball players in the youth category. Resumen. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la percepción de los entrenadores profesionales de baloncesto sobre el proceso de formación y desarrollo de los deportistas brasileños. Nueve entrenadores de equipos que compitieron en el NBB participaron en las temporadas 2018-2019. Se utilizó un guión de entrevista semiestructurado. Luego de la transcripción literal de las entrevistas, se analizó el contenido a partir de mini unidades. Los entrenadores destacaron la ineficiencia de las escuelas en el desarrollo de la coordinación motora de los estudiantes, y la precariedad de la estructura física para la práctica del baloncesto. Los encuestados destacaron que la falta de espacios públicos para la práctica de deportes y la ausencia de un programa nacional para democratizar el deporte son problemas graves que deben abordarse. Comentaron que el baloncesto universitario no contribuye de manera efectiva al desarrollo de los deportistas brasileños hacia el profesionalismo. Además, las instituciones deportivas no cuentan con una estructura adecuada para desarrollar a los deportistas. En la categoría base, hay pocos equipos federados y, en consecuencia, un pequeño número de competiciones y partidos oficiales disputados. Se concluye, según la percepción de los entrenadores, que en Brasil existe una precariedad en las acciones de las instituciones educativas, gubernamentales y deportivas en el desarrollo de atletas de baloncesto masculinos en la categoría base.

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Chen, Riquan, Tianshui Chen, Xiaolu Hui, Hefeng Wu, Guanbin Li, and Liang Lin. "Knowledge Graph Transfer Network for Few-Shot Recognition." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 07 (April 3, 2020): 10575–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i07.6630.

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Few-shot learning aims to learn novel categories from very few samples given some base categories with sufficient training samples. The main challenge of this task is the novel categories are prone to dominated by color, texture, shape of the object or background context (namely specificity), which are distinct for the given few training samples but not common for the corresponding categories (see Figure 1). Fortunately, we find that transferring information of the correlated based categories can help learn the novel concepts and thus avoid the novel concept being dominated by the specificity. Besides, incorporating semantic correlations among different categories can effectively regularize this information transfer. In this work, we represent the semantic correlations in the form of structured knowledge graph and integrate this graph into deep neural networks to promote few-shot learning by a novel Knowledge Graph Transfer Network (KGTN). Specifically, by initializing each node with the classifier weight of the corresponding category, a propagation mechanism is learned to adaptively propagate node message through the graph to explore node interaction and transfer classifier information of the base categories to those of the novel ones. Extensive experiments on the ImageNet dataset show significant performance improvement compared with current leading competitors. Furthermore, we construct an ImageNet-6K dataset that covers larger scale categories, i.e, 6,000 categories, and experiments on this dataset further demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed model.

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Banik, Shilpi, Soma Chakrabarty, and Nibedita Das. "Hand hygiene in food handlers working in canteens of an educational institution in Eastern India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, no. 7 (June 26, 2020): 2602. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20202983.

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Background: Food borne diseases are a worldwide problem of great magnitude in terms of human sufferings and economic cause. One of the important category directly relating to food safety concerns are the food handlers. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge and self-reported food safety practices of food handlers regarding food safety and hand hygiene and bacteriological analysis of hand hygiene of food handlers working in the canteen.Methods: The demographic data was collected on a structured questionnaire and the hand swabs were cultures as per standard protocol.Results: The study was conducted on 29 food handlers and 93.1% were males. A positive correlation was observed between the variables ‘knowledge’ and ‘self-reported food safety practices of food handlers with the socio-demographic data. The association between detection of different microorganisms and different knowledge and practices were a significant finding in 95% confidence limit (p<0.001) on applying two tailed Z-test.Conclusions: This study is exploratory in nature and can act as a base study of the relationship between hand sanitation and knowledge attitude and practice of food handlers.

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Muwanga, S., R. Onwonga, S. O. Keya, and E. Komutunga. "Sedentary Agriculture and Its Implications on Soil Quality in Agro-pastoral Semi-arid Karamoja, Uganda." Journal of Agricultural Science 12, no. 4 (March 15, 2020): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n4p148.

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Uganda Government embarked on promoting sedentary agriculture in Karamoja agro-pastoral semi-arid livelihood zone, which experience rapid environmental and high soil quality (SQ) decline. However, studies on sedentary agriculture’s impact on soil quality using farmer’s knowledge is limited. Consequently, a survey was carried out in Karamoja (Iriiri, Matany Sub-counties of Napak of districts and Rengen sub-county of Kotido) to determine the soil quality indicator parameters based on the farmers knowledge in order to build a local soil knowledge data base to better inform sustainable land use strategies. Using a semi-structured questionnaire, forty indigenous farmers per sub-county, were interviewed between August and September, 2015. The study took into account the social demographic characteristics of the people, farming enterprises, methods of crops production, crops yields trends, causes of the perceived yields trends and soil quality indicators. Prospects of developing Karamoja indigenous knowledge data base lies in visible feature that predict soil quality. Farmers used 36 parameters to determine SQ. The parameters were clustered into five categories; soil, crop, biological, environmental and management each category contributing to 42, 19,14,8 and 17% of the total indicators, respectively. The relationship between age group and the perceived indicators of soil fertility was statistically significant (p-value = 0.045) with the majority stating that they use either soil colour, soil depth or soil texture to express the fertility of soil. The farmer’s soil quality indicators assessed in this study, is important in establishing indigenous-scientific hybrid knowledge data base to enhance soil fertility maintenance and better inform policy makers and other stakeholders on development of sustainable land use strategies.

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Harshitha, D., V. L. Madhu Prasad, and Prashant Shivaji Lohar. "Family farming efficiency of women headed households." Gujarat Journal of Extension Education 34, no. 1 (December 25, 2022): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.56572/gjoee.2022.34.1.0004.

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The present study was conducted during in purposively selected Tumakuru district. By using ‘snow ball technique’ 160 respondents were purposively selected. Data were gathered through structured interview schedule and analyzed using appropriate statistical tools. The study revealed that in family farming efficiency, among dimensions namely productivity, profitability, employment generation, family labour, competency in farm resource use and socio - psychological sensitivity, the statements such as farm diversification is important key to enhance productivity in family farming, use of organic manures and wastes recycling helps to sustain profitability, different farm enterprise of family farming provides enough scope to employ the family members round the year, family members and their farms are linked and co-evolve and one should spend considerable amount of time in planning and searching for best resource use practices to get higher yields were ranked I.Further, more than one third (35.00%) of the respondents belonged to medium category of overall family farming efficiency. Hence, concerned developmental departments should plan programmes exclusively on women headed households practicing family farming as a target group by developing data base of women headed households to increase the family farming efficiency.

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Ching, J., G. Mills, B. Bechtel, L. See, J. Feddema, X. Wang, C. Ren, et al. "WUDAPT: An Urban Weather, Climate, and Environmental Modeling Infrastructure for the Anthropocene." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 99, no. 9 (September 2018): 1907–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-16-0236.1.

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AbstractThe World Urban Database and Access Portal Tools (WUDAPT) is an international community-based initiative to acquire and disseminate climate relevant data on the physical geographies of cities for modeling and analysis purposes. The current lacuna of globally consistent information on cities is a major impediment to urban climate science toward informing and developing climate mitigation and adaptation strategies at urban scales. WUDAPT consists of a database and a portal system; its database is structured into a hierarchy representing different levels of detail, and the data are acquired using innovative protocols that utilize crowdsourcing approaches, Geowiki tools, freely accessible data, and building typology archetypes. The base level of information (L0) consists of local climate zone (LCZ) maps of cities; each LCZ category is associated with a range of values for model-relevant surface descriptors (roughness, impervious surface cover, roof area, building heights, etc.). Levels 1 (L1) and 2 (L2) will provide specific intra-urban values for other relevant descriptors at greater precision, such as data morphological forms, material composition data, and energy usage. This article describes the status of the WUDAPT project and demonstrates its potential value using observations and models. As a community-based project, other researchers are encouraged to participate to help create a global urban database of value to urban climate scientists.

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Dragoeva, Asya, Zheni Stoyanova, Martin Marinov, and Vanya Koleva. "Survey on current status of folk medicine in Bulgaria reported by local knowledgeable persons." Acta Scientifica Naturalis 9, no. 3 (November 1, 2022): 51–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/asn-2022-0021.

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Abstract Traditional knowledge is of real danger to be lost in modern society. This research is a part of an ethnobotanical survey aimed on documentation of current status of folk medicine in Central and Northeastern Bulgaria. Semi-structured interviews with local knowledgeable persons were provided. Quantitative ethnobotanical indices consisting of Fidelity level (FL) and Informant consensus factor (ICF) were calculated as indicatives of local importance of species and prevalent uses of species. The respondents reported 15 category uses: to treat 12 health disorders, for prophylaxis/immune stimulation, other health connected conditions and plants included in the diet as food/spices. The highest number of plants was used for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases (65.9%), cardiovascular problems (53.4%) and urinary system problems (46.6%). It should be noted that many herbal medicines are related to disease prevention (52.3%). Maximum FL value (100%) of Hypericum perforatum for digestive and nervous system disorders and Thymus sp. for respiratory system diseases was calculated. Numerous species and specific applications were listed in the paper, contributing to the base ethnobotanical data. Specific use categories indicate most spread health disorders and proved treatments in the studied regions. Results also reflect the growing interest in disease prevention (immune stimulation) and a healthy diet.

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Sidorova, Elena, and Alexey Artemyev. "Development of an International Methodology for the Valuation of Goods for Customs Purposes." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika, no. 1 (March 2022): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2022.1.12.

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The subject of the article is the customs value of goods. The category “valuation of goods for customs purposes” in application to international practice and practice of the EAEU. To explore the directions of development and approaches to the determination of the customs value of goods (on the basis of international methodology), the principles of its formation. Despite the apparent attractiveness of specific rates of customs duties, the trends of recent years confirm an increase in the frequency of use of ad valorem rates. In these circumstances, the volume of customs duties directly depends on the methodologically correct assessment of the customs value of goods. Comparative analysis, analogy, graphic and compilation, induction and deduction are the methods used in the study. Methodology of the work is the rationale for the relevance of the work, the statement of the problem, the study of international practice, the results of the study and conclusions. Structural and logical scheme of determining the customs value of the “transaction value”, on the basis of which a practical example of its application is considered (case 3), as well as the method of calculation of additional charges to the TFC is shown in detail, taking into account the features of the contract. Two methodologically different approaches to the valuation of goods for customs taxation purposes were determined. Determined the constraints in terms of customs taxation, which hinder the development of foreign trade. The 8 principles of article 7 of the GATT are structured, it is noted that these are only the most general provisions on the customs valuation, methodologically ensuring to a minimum extent the possibility of their practical use by the countries. On the basis of the approach base.

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Kadam, Raavee, Srinivasa Rao, Waheed Kareem Abdul, and Shazi Shah Jabeen. "A comprehensive examination of antecedents of cultural intelligence amongst students." International Journal of Educational Management 34, no. 2 (August 8, 2019): 245–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijem-10-2018-0331.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the various antecedents that impact the development of cultural intelligence (CQ) among students. The study also explores how growing up as a third culture kid (TCK) or a monoculture kid (MCK) impacts the relationship between the antecedents and CQ. Design/methodology/approach Using data from 307 students consisting of both TCKs and MCKs, the authors test the direct effects and moderation model amongst the antecedents and CQ. Convenience sampling was employed to choose the participants for the study. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and administered to the students via e-mail. Findings The results indicated that short-term trips abroad, undertaking a cross-cultural management course, local culture proficiency, watching films from other cultures, language of work proficiency, having friends from other cultures and interaction with people from different nationalities had a significant effect on CQ. Practical implications This study provides a list of variables that facilitate the development of intercultural competence amongst students, which can be used as a base by academic institutions to develop various courses, classroom activities and university programs. Also, classifying students as TCKs and MCKs helps us understand which CQ antecedents are more important for which category of students. Originality/value This is one of the first studies on antecedents of CQ, which explores the impact of being a TCK or MCK on the development of students’ CQ.

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Melo, Patricia Goedert, Myrian Del Vecchio De Lima, and Regiane Regina Ribeiro. "O USO DE VÍDEOS NA INTERNET COMO BRECHAS PARA PENSAR O DESCOMPASSO E O DESTEMPO NA COMUNICAÇÃO E EDUCAÇÃO: A EXPERIÊNCIA DOS ALUNOS DO COLÉGIO ESTADUAL DO PARANÁ // THE USE OF ONLINE VIDEOS AS GAPS TO THINK THE MISMATCHES AND ‘DESTEMPO’ AT COMMUNICATION." Contemporânea Revista de Comunicação e Cultura 15, no. 1 (June 29, 2017): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/contemporanea.v15i1.16480.

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A proposta deste artigo é analisar como as tecnologias digitais contribuíram para ressignificar identidades e para potencializar a representatividade dos alunos do Colégio Estadual do Paraná que participaram das manifestações dos professores da rede estadual de ensino durante a greve desta categoria, em 2015. O recorte da investigação teve como foco a apropriação da linguagem audiovisual pelos estudantes e sua interface com o universo tecnológico e com a escola. O estudo utilizou como recurso metodológico uma entrevista semiestruturada com um grupo de alunos e a base teórica tensionou conceitos de Martín-Barbero (2004 e 2014), Orozco Gómez (2006) e Stuart Hall (2014), como comunicação e educação, descompasso, destempo, reconhecimento e identidade. As considerações finais apontam a tecnologia como uma das trilhas para os novos modos de sentir e de aprender, potencializando, assim, a ressignificação das identidades desses jovens e suas representatividades por meio do reconhecimento, do pertencimento e das novas formas de relação professor e aluno. Abstract The proposal of this paper is to analyse how the digital techonologies contributed to resignify identities and potentialize the representativity of the students of Colégio Estadual do Paraná who participated at the manifestations of teachers of the State teaching system during the strike of the category, in 2015. The research focused on the appropriation of audiovisual language by the students and its interface with the techonological universe and the school. The study used as methodological resource a semi-structured interview with a group of students and the theoretical basis brought together concepts from Martín-Barbero (2004 e 2014), Orozco Gómez (2006) e Stuart Hall (2014), such as communication and education, mismatches, destempo, recognition and identity. The final considerations point technology as one of the tracks to the new ways of feeling and learning, potentiating, therefore, the resignifying of identities of these young men and women and their representativities through recognition, belonging and new possibilites for the relation teacher-student.

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Onório, Júlia Letícia da Silva, Elaine Do Nascimento Silva, and Waldez Cavalcante Bezerra. "Terapia ocupacional no núcleo de apoio à saúde da família: um olhar para a especificidade da profissão no contexto interdisciplinar / Occupational therapy in the nucleus of support for family's health: a look for specificity of the profession." Revista Interinstitucional Brasileira de Terapia Ocupacional - REVISBRATO 2, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 145–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.47222/2526-3544.rbto12492.

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O Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF) foi criado no ano de 2008 pelo Ministério da Saúde como parte da reorganização da atenção primária e para amparar a inserção da Estratégia Saúde da Família. É composto por uma equipe de profissionais de diferentes categorias, que desenvolvem suas ações com base no modelo de trabalho em equipe multiprofissional. Entre essas categorias está a Terapia Ocupacional. Com o objetivo de compreender como os profissionais do NASF entendem a especificidade da Terapia Ocupacional neste contexto interdisciplinar, foi realizado um estudo de campo com abordagem qualitativa, cuja produção de dados ocorreu através de uma entrevista semiestruturada com 11 sujeitos; sua análise, realizada por meio da técnica de Análise de Conteúdo, permitiu identificar três categorias temáticas: Compreensão do terapeuta ocupacional sobre sua atuação no Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família; Percepção da equipe sobre o papel do terapeuta ocupacional no NASF; Potencialidades e desafios para a consolidação da profissão no NASF. Observou-se que a atuação dos terapeutas ocupacionais está pautada por atividades preventivas e do cotidiano dos sujeitos e que os demais membros da equipe demonstram dificuldades em reconhecer o papel da categoria no NASF, apesar de pontuarem algumas práticas gerais. Desse modo, apesar de a Terapia Ocupacional se mostrar como uma profissão promissora no NASF, existem algumas problemáticas que podem fragilizar a prática da categoria e sua colaboração no trabalho da equipe. AbstractThe Nucleus of Support for Family's Health (NSFH) was created in the year 2008 by the Ministry of Health as part of the reorganization of primary care and to support the insertion of the Family Health Strategy. It is composed of a team of professionals from different categories, who develop their actions based on the multiprofessional teamwork model and, among these categories it is Occupational Therapy. With the objective of understanding how NASF professionals understand the specificity of Occupational Therapy in this interdisciplinary context, a field study with a qualitative approach was carried out, whose data production occurred through a semi-structured interview with 11 subjects and its analysis performed through the technique of Content Analysis that allowed to identify three thematic categories: Understanding of the occupational therapist about his role in the Nucleus Of Support For Health Of Family; The perception of the team about the role of the occupational therapist in the NASF and Potentials and challenges for the consolidation of the NASF profession. It was observed that the performance of occupational therapists is based on preventive activities and the daily life of the subjects and that the other members of the team demonstrate difficulties in recognizing the role of the category in the NASF, although they punctuate some general practices. Thus, although Occupational Therapy is shown as a promising profession in the NASF, there are some problems that may weaken the practice of the category and its collaboration in the work of the team.Keywords: Primary health care; Patient care team; Professional practice; Public health; Occupational therapy.

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CUNCEV, IOAN. "Transdisciplinarity based on Category Theory." Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation 6, no. 4 (November 17, 2021): 481–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2021.6.4.10.

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Physical reality can be characterized by the theory of categories that brings to the fore transdisciplinarity through invariants and structural and management patterns common to many fields. Applying the model of thinking the universe of systems according to category theory, many opportunities open for their modeling, but also for their planning, management and evaluation procedures. Structures and concepts in physical reality, as well as the relationships between them, become objects and morphisms through category theory, thus being valid in many fields. Objects can be aggregated through the relationships between them, in increasingly complex objects that meet the requirements of users in the knowledge society. In this respect, category theory provides the working tools for transdisciplinary modeling of systems on different levels of increasingly sophisticated reality

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Ndungo, Jackson Mnago, Dr Olweny Tobias, and Dr Memba Florence. "EFFECT OF RISK MANAGEMENT FUNCTION ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SAVINGS AND CREDIT CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES IN KENYA." International Journal of Finance 2, no. 5 (March 22, 2017): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijf.138.

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Purpose: The main objective of the study was to establish effect of risk management function on financial performance of savings and credit co-operative societies (SACCOs). The total assets of SACCOs grew from 257 billion to 301.5 billion while total deposits increasing from 182.7 billion to 205.9 billion from December 2013 to December 2014 financial years (SASRA, 2014). With savings of kes. 380 billion and asset base of Kshs. 493 billion, SACCOs control 39 percent of total loan accounts in Kenya (SASRA, 2012). Howevwer, some SACCOs have gone under liquidation thus putting billions at risk. This has led to the introduction of CRBs to control all financial institutions to reduce the information asymmetry effects between lenders and borrowers. The target population was 181 and a sample of 135 licensed deposit taking SACCOs as at 31st December 2014 was used. Stratified random sampling technique was used for each type or category. Secondary data from publications, CRBs, journals and financial records was used. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaires which had both close ended and open ended questionnaires. The study used multiple regression and Pearson correlation to test for significance and relationship respectively of the independent variables and the dependent variable.Findings: The findings indicated that risk management function had a positive and significant effect on financial performance of SACCOs in Kenya.Recommendation: The study recommends that lenders should review their risk management techniques regularly in order to coup with the rapid advances in technological changes. The study also recommended that SACCOs should always subject their clients to credit reference bureaus whenever they grant a loan.

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Jeon, Jae-Youn, Hyeon-Ju Kim, Jeong-Su Kim, and Sang-Hyuk Park. "A Service Yips Experiences in Badminton Players." Korean Journal of Sport Science 32, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 112–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24985/kjss.2021.32.1.112.

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Purpose This study aims to investigate the experience of service yips in badminton players in depth through using grounded theory method. Methods We collected data from in-depth interviews with 14 participants in total, consisting of badminton players who experienced service yips, their doubles partners and coaches. The collected raw data were analyzed base on derive transcription, coding and paradigm models through grounded theory method. Results First, as a result, 59 concepts, 31 subcategories and 15 categories in regard to badminton service yips were deduced from open coding. Second, in axial coding, it was structured in a paradigm model by categories such as service yips, service mistakes, service proficiency, service anxiety, the imprinting experiences, the importance competition, the pressure of achievement, service practice, psychological control, tactical handling, support from partners, leaders’ coaching, advice from experienced ones, overcoming yips and persistent yips. Third, selective coding resulted in ‘Badminton service yips’ as the core category of this study. ‘Badminton service yips’ is a chronic performance impairment associated with badminton players making severe errors in swing motion on a service not intended by them that it is due to physiological or psychological symptoms such as hand tremors, overall body stiffness, arms stiffness, overstress, overanxiety, and concern over service mistakes. Conclusions We expect our study can be a theoretical foundation for understanding and explanation of ‘Badminton service yips’ and a useful reference for badminton players suffering from psychological difficulties caused by their service yips. The findings in this study should be considered for the development of potential strategies for overcoming the badminton service yips.

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Causer, Hilary, Eleanor Bradley, Kate Muse, and Jo Smith. "Bearing witness: A grounded theory of the experiences of staff at two United Kingdom Higher Education Institutions following a student death by suicide." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (May 12, 2021): e0251369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251369.

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Wider networks of people are affected by a suicide death than originally thought, including those whose job-role brings them into contact with a death by suicide of another person. The impact of student suicide within United Kingdom (UK) Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) is unexplored and the experiences of staff members remain unknown. It is not known whether staff members have specific postvention needs following a student death by suicide. Any postvention support currently offered to staff members within UK HEIs lacks a context-specific evidence base. This study asked ‘How is a student suicide experienced by staff members within a UK HEI and what are the features of that experience?’ Staff members from diverse job-roles in two UK HEIs responded to a qualitative survey (n = 19) and participated in semi-structured interviews (n = 10). Data were transcribed and subjected to a constructivist grounded theory analysis. Participants’ experiences informed the development of a core category: ’Bearing witness’, which encompassed six further categories: ’Responding to a student suicide’; ’Experiencing a student suicide’; ’Needs and fears’; ’Experiences of support’; ’Human stories’; and ’Cultural stories’. The resulting grounded theory demonstrates how participants’ perceptions of impact are informed by their experiences of undertaking tasks following a student suicide within the community of their HEI. Processes of constructing perceptions of closeness to the student who died are evident amongst participants who did not know the student prior to their death. Tailored postvention support is required to respond to the range and complexity of HEI staff needs following a student death by suicide.

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Melnyk, Kateryna. "Structural transformations of methodological tools for risk assessment in audit." Ekonomika APK 314, no. 12 (December 28, 2020): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32317/2221-1055.202012037.

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The purpose of the article is to expand the methodological tools for assessing risk in audit by developing a risk management algorithm in accordance with the tasks of ensuring sustainable development of rural areas. Research methods. The author used general scientific and specific research methods, in particular: abstraction, induction and deduction, comparison – to study the organizational and methodological foundations for assessing audit risks; graphic – to study models and strategies for the development of risk assessment in audit; analysis and synthesis – in the process of identifying opportunities for expanding the methodological tools for risk assessment in audit. Research results. The inherent limitations that are included in the professional activity of the auditor and affect on the level of audit risk have been determined. The types and combinations of risks that are used to calculate audit risk were considered, focusing on a certain aspect of control and consulting procedures. Scientific novelty. A compromise risk as separate category has been proposed, which consists in the auditor's readiness to recognize the likelihood of misstatement of the data that make up the general information base of the audit, including structured and unstructured data obtained from various sources, which together affects the final and professional judgment of the auditor. The author schematically presents the interpretation of compromise risk in accordance with the vectors of rural development. Four levels of compromise risk management have been identified, which collectively characterize the mechanism of its management, in view of the initially specified parameters of the object of auditing, which makes it possible to form a program of corrective measures to obtain the most acceptable result. Practical significance. The results of this study are not only important theoretically, but also contributes to the transition to a new level of information management within the audit, focusing on the consulting side of the audit as a tool to achieve the goal of ensuring sustainable development. Tabl.: 1. Figs.: 1. Refs.:12.

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Raimundi, María Julia, Sofía Sarries, Juan Facundo Corti, and Ignacio Celsi. "La percepción de entrenadores de voleibol y baloncesto de formación acerca de los contenidos de las charlas precompetitivas y de entretiempo." Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte 21, no. 3 (September 23, 2021): 139–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/cpd.437371.

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El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar la percepción de entrenadores sobre los contenidos de charlas precompetitivas y de entretiempo desde la estrategia metodológica de los métodos mixtos. Participaron 21 entrenadores de básquetbol y voleibol, en su mayoría varones (n = 20), de categorías formativas (u15, u17 y u19) de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Se realizaron entrevistas individuales y semiestructuradas a los entrenadores y a través de la Teoría Fundamentada, se realizó un análisis cualitativo, mediante el uso del programa Atlas.Ti 7.5. Los entrenadores destacaron cinco aspectos relevantes respecto de los contenidos durante las charlas previas y de entretiempo: aspectos estratégicos, psicológicos, comunicacionales, variables que influyen en la elección de los contenidos y contenidos específicos de entretiempos. A través del análisis de los documentos primarios, se asociaron las citas significativas a cada una de las categorías. La categoría mayormente mencionada (i.e. más fundamentada en los datos) fue “Aspectos estratégicos”, mientras que los “Aspectos psicológicos” estuvieron en segundo lugar. Se realizó un análisis de asociación para estudiar la prevalencia de las categorías emergidas del análisis en función del deporte, la rama y la categoría dirigida. Los resultados de este estudio aportan claridad respecto a cuáles son los contenidos valorados por entrenadores en estos momentos específicos de interacción y qué estrategias utilizan para comunicarlos. Tener en cuenta esta información será de capital importancia para desarrollar estrategias psicológicas significativas que potencien los recursos de los entrenadores para hacer frente a las demandas en estas situaciones específicas. The present study aims to explore the perception of coaches on the contents of pre-competition and halftime talks using a mixed-methods approach. Participants were 21 youth basketball and volleyball coaches (u15, u17 and u19), mostly males (n = 20), from Buenos Aires (Argentina). Individual and semi-structured interviews were conducted to the coaches and through Grounded Theory the information collected was subjected to a qualitative analysis with program Atlas.Ti 7.5. Coaches highlight five relevant aspects of the contents in pre-competition and halftime talks: strategic, psychological, communicational, variables that influence the choice of content and specific halftime content. Analyzing the primary documents, significant quotes were associated with each category. The most mentioned category (i.e. greater frequency in data) was ‘Strategic aspects’, while ‘Psychological aspects’ were placed secondly. An association analysis was carried out to study the prevalence of the categories emerged from the analysis based on the sport, branch, and category. The results of this study provide clarity regarding which are the most valued contents for coaches to spread in these specific moments of interaction and which strategies they use to communicate them. Taking this information into account will be crucial to develop meaningful psychological strategies that enhance coaches' resources to cope with the demands of these specific situations. O presente estudo tem como objetivo explorar a percepção dos treinadores sobre o conteúdo das palestras antes da competição e no intervalo da estratégia de métodos mistos. Participaram 21 treinadores de basquete e vôlei, a maioria homens (n = 20), das categorias juvenil (u15, u17 e u19) de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Entrevistas individuais e semiestruturadas foram conduzidas aos treinadores e, por meio da Teoria Fundamentada, as informações coletadas foram submetidas a uma análise qualitativa com o programa Atlas.Ti 7.5. Os treinadores enfatizam cinco aspectos relevantes em relação ao conteúdo durante as palestras antes da competição e no intervalo: estratégicas, psicológicas, comunicacionais, variáveis que influenciam a escolha do conteúdo e o conteúdo específico no intervalo. Por meio da análise dos documentos primários, citações significativas foram associadas a cada categoria. A categoria mais mencionada (i.e. mais informada pelos dados) foi “Aspectos estratégicos”, ficando em segundo lugar os “Aspectos psicológicos”. Foi realizada uma análise de associação para estudar a prevalência das categorias emergidas da análise com base no esporte, no ramo e na categoria-alvo. Os resultados deste estudo fornecem clareza sobre quais são os conteúdos valorizados pelos treinadores nesses momentos específicos de interação e quais estratégias eles usam para comunicá-los. Levar essas informações em consideração será de suma importância para o desenvolvimento de estratégias psicológicas significativas que aprimorem os recursos dos treinadores para lidar com as demandas nessas situações específicas.

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Chumak, V. V. "Role and Place of Higher Specialized Courts in the Judicial System of Ukraine." Bulletin of Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs 89, no. 2 (June 26, 2020): 250–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32631/v.2020.2.23.

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The role and place of higher specialized courts in the judicial system of Ukraine have been studied and determined. The author has studied such main categories as “judicial system of Ukraine”, “judiciary”, “judicial system” and “judicial power”. The judicial system of Ukraine has been established. The normative and legal base of functioning of highest specialized courts of Ukraine has been characterized. The author has provided own definition of the categories “judicial system of Ukraine” and “judicial power of Ukraine”. The author has offered to understand the category of “judicial system of Ukraine” as the totality of all hierarchically structured elements of the system (courts), which are endowed with exclusive competence to administer justice, built on the principles of territoriality and specialization, are defined by law and united by general principles of their organization and activity. In turn, the concept of “judicial power of Ukraine” is defined as the activity of courts (judicial system) to administer justice and to perform their professional duties within the limits and in the manner prescribed by the Constitution and laws of Ukraine in accordance with international and legal documents. It has been determined that highest specialized courts in the judicial system of Ukraine are the Supreme Court on Intellectual Property Issues and the Supreme Anti-Corruption Court. It has been concluded that highest specialized courts in the judicial system of Ukraine play an important role in the holistic mechanism of the entire judicial system, since they are endowed with exclusive competence to consider and decide cases on the merits of certain categories, and their activities are determined at the level of a separate regulatory act, which determines their legal status, and hence their place in the judicial system of Ukraine.

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Lund, Adam, Nadia Lund, Ron Scott, Quinn Yu, Stephen Chui, and Sheila Turris. "Mass Gatherings and Youth Peer Volunteerism." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, s1 (May 2019): s148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19003303.

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Introduction:Music and sporting events are mass gatherings with unique risks related to participation. “All-ages” events, which include participants below the age of majority (18 in many jurisdictions), have been observed to have an over-representation of patient presentations in the youth category. Peer helpers may lower the barrier to seeking on-site care. Youth (peer-aged) volunteerism provides opportunities for exposure to new environments, skills, and mentorship. Medical volunteerism may promote personal satisfaction through prosocial behavior (i.e., helping others), community engagement and immersion into a potential health professions career path.Methods:We conducted an observational pilot feasibility study with feedback forms and semi-structured interviews. The pilot program paired youth with parents/guardians/responsible adults as health care volunteers at special events.Results:Youth/adult dyads volunteered for a variety of events in Canada during the 2018 event season. All participants in the “Juniors Program” completed at least a Standard First Aid course, including orientation to personal safety and confidentiality. Each pair worked in one of two areas: first aid or Festival Health (the harm reduction space at music events) providing peer-to-peer and “all-ages” support. Post-event feedback from the dyads revealed many positive experiences and universally called for more opportunities.Discussion:A strong volunteer base is an asset to any community. In this pilot study, the volunteer experiences were supervised by a team of credentialed health care professionals. The authors report on qualitative feedback in themes based on patient perspective, volunteer perspective, team perspective, and event management perspective. More research is needed to measure the outcomes of the Junior’s Program. More Investigation is needed to determine not only the long-term benefits of participation on event medical teams, but also to identify factors that shape a positive experience for youth, their parents, and the event participants that they support.

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Awan, Hayat M., Ahmad Nabeel Siddiquei, and Zeeshan Haider. "Factors affecting Halal purchase intention – evidence from Pakistan’s Halal food sector." Management Research Review 38, no. 6 (June 15, 2015): 640–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mrr-01-2014-0022.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify and determine the connection of various antecedents from educational literary works with Halal purchase intention. It also aims to investigate which antecedents, among all antecedents, have the highest possible participation toward the development of Halal food purchase intention. Consumers across the globe have an ever increasing demand for Halal items nowadays. Similarly, food stuff in Halal category has an increased acceptance across the globe. Numerous researches have therefore focused on Halal food perception, Halal understanding and its approval in various areas of the world. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 300 respondents were taken from four major cities of Pakistan to examine the relationship of factors that influence customer’s Halal purchase intention. Data were collected through structured questionnaire having seven-point Likert scale. It was divided into eight sections with statements measuring Halal Awareness, Halal Marketing, Subjective norms, Religion and Religiosity, Attitude, Subjective norms, Perceived Behavioural control, Halal Certification and Purchase Intention. Findings – The paper draws the findings that most of the customers rely on Halal Marketing, Personal and Societal perception and Halal certifications. On the other hand, least importance was given to their religious beliefs when making a purchase decision. The findings also suggest that customers are influenced by Halal Marketing and Branding practices of food products as they are being influenced by the sales promotions and celebrity endorsements. It has also been found that customers are willing to spend considerable efforts and money to purchase Halal food. Originality/value – The paper clarifies the strategies for Halal food manufacturers and marketers who are following Islamic Marketing philosophy as a base for their marketing campaigns. The study also provides a detailed insight into various behavioural, societal and marketing dimensions that guides the customers about their purchase intentions.

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Falchenko, Olena, and Oleksandr Volobuev. "FEATURES OF CLASSIFICATION OF PROFITS OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISE." Bulletin of the National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute" (economic sciences), no. 3 (August 26, 2021): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2519-4461.2021.3.68.

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In the article the description of agricultural enterprise and features of agriculture are given. It is consist in by main and specific capital goods. The profits of agricultural enterprise as economic category are considered, which represent the optimal return of enterprises generating in sizes, necessary for coverage of him current outlays. General essence of profits of agricultural activity, confession of profit is analysed and his reliable estimation. Principles, which foresee the choice of method of estimation and reflection in the financial reporting of all profits of enterprise, and also feature of forming of financial result in agricultural enterprises in connection with the specific of industrial and economic activity of industry, are educed. Classification of profits of agricultural enterprises is considered from primitive confession of biological assets and agricultural produce, profit from the change of fair value of biological assets, profit from realization of biological assets and agricultural produce, got as a result of biological transformations, after book-keeping approach in obedience to the requirements of legislation, by administrative approach which enables to collect and group information for an acceptance and realization of corresponding decisions. Certainly existent substantial features of profits on agricultural enterprises, which are predefined by the accepted legislative base, at which biological assets and regulated order of their confession, estimation and account are certain and accordingly which the constituents of financial results of agricultural enterprises belong. Substantial influence is marked on a size and forming of financial results of agricultural enterprises of classification of profits. It is recommended on the basis of the conducted research of classification of profits of agricultural enterprises at a record-keeping. Drawn conclusion, that logical and structured classification of profits of agricultural enterprises is the extraordinarily important aspect of their activity and provides for, will enable effectively by them to manage and be the constituent of modern control system.

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Chagas, Amirton, and Carlos Ferraz. "Context Elements Taxonomy for Intelligent Transportation Systems." Journal of the Brazilian Computer Society 29, no. 1 (May 2, 2023): 34–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/jbcs.2023.2458.

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Design and development of context-aware Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) are not trivial due to the large number of possible context elements that may be relevant to the application and the lack of structured information to guide system designers in this task. This paper proposes that context elements with common characteristics can be grouped into categories, and these categories can be organized in a taxonomy. This taxonomy could help system designers with the task of modeling and developing new context-aware ITS. We performed a literature review of 68 articles describing 70 ITS applications with context-aware features to identify context elements used in this type of application. Furthermore, we also analyzed three commercial ITS applications. We used data collected from the analysis of these 73 projects to define the categories and identify their relationships. We propose a taxonomy with 79 categories, with 57 leaf categories (a category without children subcategories). We also performed two experiments to validate whether the exposure to this taxonomy could improve the quality of an ITS application during its design, with favorable results showing a 2.7 times increase in the average amount of relevant context elements used in the application. Finally, we compiled a knowledge base of which context element categories are used in the 73 analyzed projects. It is another companion information that can be used to help system designers. The proposed taxonomy of context element categories organizes the information of the context-aware ITS domain in a way that can ease the task of designing such systems and improve the usage of context-aware features. The overall methodology used in this work to create the taxonomy for the ITS domain could be applied to other popular domains of context-aware applications.

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Muslim, Muhamad Hirzan Hadi, Jamhari Jamhari, and Dwidjono Hadi Darwanto. "Agriculture Category Advantages and Economic Structures in The Region of West Nusa Tenggara Province." Agro Ekonomi 28, no. 1 (June 28, 2017): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jae.23854.

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This research aims to identify [1] the highest agricultural category contribution in the West Nusa Tenggara province; [2] basic or non-basic category in current and future; [3] economic structure changes in the agricultural category; [4] classifying agricultural category. This research by a descriptive method. The data analysis by Location Quotient, Dynamic Location Quotient, Shift-Share and Klassen Typology. The results with the highest contribution to the West Nusa Tenggara GRDP is the agriculture category of 23.5%. The highest contribution of an agricultural category to the agricultural category GRDP in West Nusa Tenggara is a Bima Regency of 46.8%. Based on LQ analysis, forestry and logging categories by 2.41% and fisheries category by 1.16% are categorized as a base, and the agriculture category* (agriculture, farming, hunting and agricultural services) is non-base categories of 0.96%. Based on the DLQ analysis, there is a repositioning structure in agriculture category* that Originally non-base 0.96% to a base 1.00%, as for forestry and logging categories and fishery categories remain base. Based on the shift-share analysis, all categories are positive values, the highest category is agriculture category* 1,528,544,064,778.96 (million) influenced by provincial economic growth, industry mix and the influence of competitive advantage. Based on the Klassen Typology analysis, there are two classifications of agriculture category that is the prime classifi cation (forestry and logging category and fishery category) and potential classifi cation (agriculture category*).

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Tran, Cao Son, Dan Nicolau, Richi Nayak, and Peter Verhoeven. "Modeling Credit Risk: A Category Theory Perspective." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 14, no. 7 (July 1, 2021): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14070298.

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This paper proposes a conceptual modeling framework based on category theory that serves as a tool to study common structures underlying diverse approaches to modeling credit default that at first sight may appear to have nothing in common. The framework forms the basis for an entropy-based stacking model to address issues of inconsistency and bias in classification performance. Based on the Lending Club’s peer-to-peer loans dataset and Taiwanese credit card clients dataset, relative to individual base models, the proposed entropy-based stacking model provides more consistent performance across multiple data environments and less biased performance in terms of default classification. The process itself is agnostic to the base models selected and its performance superior, regardless of the models selected.

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Ell, Shawn W., David B. Smith, Rose Deng, and Sébastien Hélie. "Learning and generalization of within-category representations in a rule-based category structure." Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics 82, no. 5 (April 24, 2020): 2448–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13414-020-02024-z.

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35

Banerjee, Anandam. "Tensor Structure on Smooth Motives." Journal of K-Theory 9, no. 1 (May 16, 2011): 57–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/is011003009jkt144.

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AbstractRecently, Bondarko constructed a DG category of motives, whose homotopy category is equivalent to Voevodsky's category of effective geometric motives, assuming resolution of singularities. Soon after, Levine extended this idea to construct a DG category whose homotopy category is equivalent to the full subcategory of motives over a base-scheme S generated by the motives of smooth projective S-schemes, assuming that S is itself smooth over a perfect field. In both constructions, the tensor structure requires ℚ-coefficients. In this article, it is shown how to provide a tensor structure on the homotopy category mentioned above, when S is semi-local and essentially smooth over a field of characteristic zero. This is done by defining a pseudo-tensor structure on the DG category of motives constructed by Levine, which induces a tensor structure on its homotopy category.

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DIACONESCU, RĂZVAN. "Category-based constraint logic." Mathematical Structures in Computer Science 10, no. 3 (June 2000): 373–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960129599002960.

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The research reported in this paper exploits the view of constraint programming as computation in a logical system, namely constraint logic. The basic ingredients of constraint logic are: constraint models for the semantics (they form a comma-category over a fixed model of ‘built-ins’); generalized polynomials in the role of basic syntactic ingredient; and a constraint satisfaction relation between semantics and syntax. Category-based constraint logic means the development of the logic is abstract categorical rather than concrete set theoretical.We show that (category-based) constraint logic is an institution, and we internalize the study of constraint logic to the abstract framework of category-based equational logic, thus opening the door for considering constraint logic programming over non-standard structures (such as CPO's, topologies, graphs, categories, etc.). By embedding category-based constraint logic into category-based equational logic, we integrate the constraint logic programming paradigm into (category-based) equational logic programming. Results include completeness of constraint logic deduction, a novel Herbrand theorem for constraint logic programming characterizing Herbrand models as initial models in constraint logic, and logical foundations for the modular combination of constraint solvers based on amalgamated sums of Herbrand models in the constraint logic institution.

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Li, Hong, and Xiao Ping Ma. "Granular Structure Merging Algorithm Based on Category Theory." Applied Mechanics and Materials 128-129 (October 2011): 390–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.128-129.390.

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In order to solve the problem of conversion from the finer level of granularity to the coarser level of granularity, this paper proposes a formal method for Granular structure merging based on category theory. Firstly, it takes the granular structure as the granular object and the granular structure mapping as the granular morphism, then the granular object and the granular morphism compose the granular structure category. Secondly, it uses the granular morphism and the granular pushout to achieve the granular structure merging , then gets the granular structure merging algorithm (GrSM). Finally, the author illustrates the method with the concrete examples, which solves the granular structure merging issue. This method has a solid mathematical foundation and methodology, which is worth further study.

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Dong, Fei, Xiushan Nie, Xingbo Liu, Leilei Geng, and Qian Wang. "Cross-modal hashing based on category structure preserving." Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation 57 (November 2018): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvcir.2018.10.006.

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Bettega, Otávio, Alcides Scaglia, Juarez Nascimento, Sérgio Ibáñez, and Larissa Galatti. "O ensino da tática e da técnica no futebol: concepção de treinadores das categorias de base (La enseñanza de táctica y técnica en el fútbol: conocimientos de entrenadores de categorías de formación) (Teaching tactics and technique in football: conceptions." Retos, no. 33 (September 15, 2017): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i33.55503.

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O desenvolvimento de conteúdos tático-técnicos no processo de ensino-treino do futebol é atribuição fundamental do treinador, buscando coordenar e orientar possíveis ações de jogo dos atletas. Assim, o artigo objetiva analisar a concepção de treinadores das categorias de base de um clube de elite do futebol brasileiro sobre aspectos técnicos e táticos do plano, do treino e do jogo. Participaram de entrevista semiestruturada oito treinadores do sub-10 ao sub-17, sendo o tratamento das informações realizado por meio da análise de conteúdo. Nas temáticas de plano e treino, sete treinadores investigados visualizam e desenvolvem a técnica de forma descontextualizada da tática. Contraditoriamente, na temática referente ao jogo os treinadores avaliam o contexto tático do jogo, não atribuindo relevância para o aspecto técnico. Portanto, torna-se relevante o treinador ter coerência e compreender o processo de planejar, treinar e jogar de forma complementar, contextualizando o desenvolvimento da técnica e da tática.Resumen. El desarrollo de los contenidos táctico-técnicos en el proceso de enseñanza-entrenamiento del fútbol configura tarea central del entrenador, objetivando coordinar y orientar posibles acciones de juego de sus deportistas. Como un paisaje complejo que incluye constantemente el afrontamiento a los problemas tácticos-técnicos. En este sentido, se hace necesario que el entrenador comprenda estos problemas para que pueda guiar acciones tomadas por los jugadores. Así, esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la concepción de los entrenadores de las categorías inferiores de un club de elite del fútbol brasileño en los aspectos técnicos y tácticos del plan, el entrenamiento y el partido. Participaron de una entrevista semiestructura ocho entrenadores (del sub-10 al sub-17), y el tratamiento de datos realizados por el análisis de contenido. En las categorías plan y entrenamiento predominó la percepción y enseñanza de la técnica descontextualizada de la táctica. Contradictoriamente, en la categoría juego los entrenadores evalúan el contexto táctico del juego, sin valorar al aspecto técnico. Por lo tanto, se hace importante para el entrenador tener consistencia y comprender el proceso de planificación, entrenamiento y el juego de una manera complementaria, contextualizando el desarrollo de la técnica y la táctica. Abstract. Coaching tactical-technical competences is a central task for soccer coaches, as it aims to better organize athletes’ actions during games. In this sense, it becomes necessary for coaches to understand such problems, to stimulate players’ better decision-making processes. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze youth category soccer coaches´ conceptions about tactical and technical issues in planning, training, and competition, in an elite Brazilian soccer club. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight coaches (from U-10 to U-17); data analysis was performed through content analysis. In planning and training topics, most of the coaches view and develop technical training separated form tactical aspects. Contradictorily, in the theme referring to competition coaches evaluated the tactical context of games, whereas they considered technical aspects as non-relevant. Therefore, being coherent and understanding the processes of planning, coaching and playing in a complementary way, contextualizing the development of tactical and technical, becomes essential for any youth category coach.

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Barbantan, Ioana, Mihaela Porumb, Camelia Lemnaru, and Rodica Potolea. "Feature Engineered Relation Extraction – Medical Documents Setting." International Journal of Web Information Systems 12, no. 3 (August 15, 2016): 336–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijwis-03-2016-0015.

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Purpose Improving healthcare services by developing assistive technologies includes both the health aid devices and the analysis of the data collected by them. The acquired data modeled as a knowledge base give more insight into each patient’s health status and needs. Therefore, the ultimate goal of a health-care system is obtaining recommendations provided by an assistive decision support system using such knowledge base, benefiting the patients, the physicians and the healthcare industry. This paper aims to define the knowledge flow for a medical assistive decision support system by structuring raw medical data and leveraging the knowledge contained in the data proposing solutions for efficient data search, medical investigation or diagnosis and medication prediction and relationship identification. Design/methodology/approach The solution this paper proposes for implementing a medical assistive decision support system can analyze any type of unstructured medical documents which are processed by applying Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks followed by semantic analysis, leading to the medical concept identification, thus imposing a structure on the input documents. The structured information is filtered and classified such that custom decisions regarding patients’ health status can be made. The current research focuses on identifying the relationships between medical concepts as defined by the REMed (Relation Extraction from Medical documents) solution that aims at finding the patterns that lead to the classification of concept pairs into concept-to-concept relations. Findings This paper proposed the REMed solution expressed as a multi-class classification problem tackled using the support vector machine classifier. Experimentally, this paper determined the most appropriate setup for the multi-class classification problem which is a combination of lexical, context, syntactic and grammatical features, as each feature category is good at representing particular relations, but not all. The best results we obtained are expressed as F1-measure of 74.9 per cent which is 1.4 per cent better than the results reported by similar systems. Research limitations/implications The difficulty to discriminate between TrIP and TrAP relations revolves around the hierarchical relationship between the two classes as TrIP is a particular type (an instance) of TrAP. The intuition behind this behavior was that the classifier cannot discern the correct relations because of the bias toward the majority classes. The analysis was conducted by using only sentences from electronic health record that contain at least two medical concepts. This limitation was introduced by the availability of the annotated data with reported results, as relations were defined at sentence level. Originality/value The originality of the proposed solution lies in the methodology to extract valuable information from the medical records via semantic searches; concept-to-concept relation identification; and recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and further investigations. The REMed solution introduces a learning-based approach for the automatic discovery of relations between medical concepts. We propose an original list of features: lexical – 3, context – 6, grammatical – 4 and syntactic – 4. The similarity feature introduced in this paper has a significant influence on the classification, and, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, it has not been used as feature in similar solutions.

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Abd El-Latif, A. A., H. Aygün, and V. Çetkin. "On (L,M)-Double Fuzzy Filter Spaces." Advances in Fuzzy Systems 2018 (2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3871282.

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We give in this paper the definitions of (L,M)-double fuzzy filter base and (L,M)-double fuzzy filter structures where L and M are strictly two-sided commutative quantales, and we also investigate the relations between them. Moreover, we propose second-order image and preimage operators of (L,M)-double fuzzy filter base and study some of its fundamental properties. Finally, we handle the given structures in the categorical aspect. For instance, we show that the category (L,M)-DFIL of (L,M)-double fuzzy filter spaces and filter maps between these spaces is a topological category over the category SET.

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Elvira-Donazar, Carmen, and Luis-Javier Hernandez-Paricio. "Closed model categories for the n-type of spaces and simplicial sets." Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 118, no. 1 (July 1995): 93–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305004100073485.

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AbstractFor each integer n ≥ 0, we give a distinct closed model category structure to the categories of spaces and of simplicial sets. Recall that a non-empty map is said to be a weak equivalence if it induces isomorphisms on the homotopy groups for any choice of base point. Putting the condition on dimensions ≥ n, we have the notion of a weak n-equivalence which is at the base of the nth closed model category structure given here.

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Michal, Jankowski-Lorek, and Zielinski Kazimierz. "DOCUMENT CONTROVERSY CLASSIFICATION BASED ON THE WIKIPEDIA CATEGORY STRUCTURE." Computer Science 16, no. 2 (2015): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.7494/csci.2015.16.2.185.

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44

Piacenza, Robert J. "Homotopy Theory of Diagrams and CW-Complexes Over a Category." Canadian Journal of Mathematics 43, no. 4 (August 1, 1991): 814–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-1991-046-3.

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The purpose of this paper is to introduce the notion of a CW complex over a topological category. The main theorem of this paper gives an equivalence between the homotopy theory of diagrams of spaces based on a topological category and the homotopy theory of CW complexes over the same base category.A brief description of the paper goes as follows: in Section 1 we introduce the homotopy category of diagrams of spaces based on a fixed topological category. In Section 2 homotopy groups for diagrams are defined. These are used to define the concept of weak equivalence and J-n equivalence that generalize the classical definition. In Section 3 we adapt the classical theory of CW complexes to develop a cellular theory for diagrams. In Section 4 we use sheaf theory to define a reasonable cohomology theory of diagrams and compare it to previously defined theories. In Section 5 we define a closed model category structure for the homotopy theory of diagrams. We show this Quillen type homotopy theory is equivalent to the homotopy theory of J-CW complexes. In Section 6 we apply our constructions and results to prove a useful result in equivariant homotopy theory originally proved by Elmendorf by a different method.

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Naruse, Makoto, Song-Ju Kim, Masashi Aono, Martin Berthel, Aurélien Drezet, Serge Huant, and Hirokazu Hori. "Category Theoretic Analysis of Photon-Based Decision Making." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 17, no. 05 (September 2018): 1305–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622018500268.

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Decision making is a vital function in the age of machine learning and artificial intelligence; however, its physical realization and theoretical fundamentals are not yet well understood. In our former study, we demonstrated that single photons can be used to make decisions in uncertain, dynamically changing environments. The two-armed bandit problem was successfully solved using the dual probabilistic and particle attributes of single photons. In this study, we present a category theoretic modeling and analysis of single-photon-based decision making, including a quantitative analysis that agrees well with the experimental results. The category theoretic model unveils complex interdependencies of the entities of the subject matter in the most simplified manner, including a dynamically changing environment. In particular, the octahedral structure and the braid structure in triangulated categories provide better understandings and quantitative metrics of the underlying mechanisms for the single-photon decision maker. This study provides insight and a foundation for analyzing more complex and uncertain problems for machine learning and artificial intelligence.

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Böhm, Gabriella. "Comodules over weak multiplier bialgebras." International Journal of Mathematics 25, no. 05 (May 2014): 1450037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129167x14500372.

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This is a sequel paper of [Weak multiplier bialgebras, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., in press] in which we study the comodules over a regular weak multiplier bialgebra over a field, with a full comultiplication. Replacing the usual notion of coassociative coaction over a (weak) bialgebra, a comodule is defined via a pair of compatible linear maps. Both the total algebra and the base (co)algebra of a regular weak multiplier bialgebra with a full comultiplication are shown to carry comodule structures. Kahng and Van Daele's integrals [The Larson–Sweedler theorem for weak multiplier Hopf algebras, in preparation] are interpreted as comodule maps from the total to the base algebra. Generalizing the counitality of a comodule to the multiplier setting, we consider the particular class of so-called full comodules. They are shown to carry bi(co)module structures over the base (co)algebra and constitute a monoidal category via the (co)module tensor product over the base (co)algebra. If a regular weak multiplier bialgebra with a full comultiplication possesses an antipode, then finite-dimensional full comodules are shown to possess duals in the monoidal category of full comodules. Hopf modules are introduced over regular weak multiplier bialgebras with a full comultiplication. Whenever there is an antipode, the Fundamental Theorem of Hopf Modules is proven. It asserts that the category of Hopf modules is equivalent to the category of firm modules over the base algebra.

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Hébert, David. "Structure de poids à la Bondarko sur les motifs de Beilinson." Compositio Mathematica 147, no. 5 (July 29, 2011): 1447–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s0010437x11005422.

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AbstractBondarko defines and studies the notion of weight structure and he shows that there exists a weight structure over the category of Voevodsky motives with rational coefficients (over a field of characteristic 0). In this paper we extend this weight structure to the category of Beilinson motives (for any scheme of finite type over a base scheme which is excellent of dimension at most two) introduced and studied by Cisinsky and Déglise. We also check the weight exactness of the Grothendieck operations.

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Wang, Zijian, and Xinhui Shao. "A new type of generic, self-evolving and efficient automated deduction algorithm based on category theory." AIMS Mathematics 8, no. 8 (2023): 18278–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.2023929.

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<abstract><p>In this article, a new type of generalized, self-evolving and efficient automated statement proof algorithm based on new data structures, i.e., brackets and map graphs, and new algorithms is presented. The brackets structure provides an elegant low-knowledge representation of mathematical concepts. The map graphs offer an efficient machine-learning method which let the computer learn knowledge while proving. Additionally, the new finding is built completely on category theory. Furthermore, a prototype of the program is presented and examined for performance.</p></abstract>

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Mobark, Haidar, and János Lukács. "Mismatch effect on fatigue crack propagation limit curves of GMAW joints made of S960QL and S960TM type base materials." Design of Machines and Structures 10, no. 1 (2020): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.32972/dms.2020.004.

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Welded structures cannot be produced without imperfections, cracks or crack like defects. Among the structural steels, 960 MPa strength category represents a reliable application possibility. Consumables are also available, but the behaviour of mismatch types under cyclic loading condition is not yet clear. In order to know the fatigue crack propagation resistance of 960 MPa strength category steels and their gas metal arc welded joints fatigue crack growth tests were performed. The tests results were analysed and fatigue crack propagation limit curves were determined.

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Sadiq, Ramla, Tahseen Mohsan Khan, and Noman Arshed. "Empirical Analysis of Structural Income Changes in Commercial Banks: A Case of Pakistan." Lahore Journal of Business 7, no. 1 (September 1, 2018): 33–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.35536/ljb.2018.v7.i1.a2.

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The primary purpose of this study was to conduct an exploratory and explanatory analysis to determine the impact of structural income on performance of the all commercial banks in Pakistan from 2008 to 2015. It aimed to establish the theory on dual impact of income diversification and ownership on bank performance in a developing economy. This population was divided into two categories - ownership mode characterized into conventional and Islamic banks and category mode characterized into five proportions of non-markup and mark up income structures. The divisions were analyzed on the basis of change in assets and equity and gross income, using a non-linear approach. This approach ensured robustness of analysis and clearer outcomes regarding strategic approaches in this sector. Ownership mode finding suggested conventional banks tilt towards non-markup income significantly for asset and gross income base increase and Islamic banks insignificantly towards markup income. Our findings also showed that conventional banks lead Islamic banks, and banks with non-markup income between 30%-40% lead other bank categories in terms of managing profitability. Islamic banks are ahead of conventional banks, and category1 banks with non-markup income above 50% are ahead of all other categories in terms of utilization of funds.

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