Дисертації з теми "Barrières humaines de sécurité"
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Duclos, Audrey. "Development of phenomenological and risk assessment models of explosion for the emerging hydrogen-energy industry." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Compiègne, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019COMP2517.
Повний текст джерелаSince a few years, hydrogen appears as a credible energy-vector. However, hydrogen applications are still considered dangerous, as there is a fear of a dangerous event such as an explosion if a hydrogen leak occurs. Safety is therefore the key issue and should not be a lock for the introduction and development of hydrogen objects on the market. The first part deals with risk assessment, a risk analysis method was used to identify accidental scenarios while considering the safety barriers. The second part is a review of all the phenomena involved from the release of hydrogen to the combustion of a hydrogen-air mixture, in order to select the models allowing the calculation from the source term to the final effects. However, the existing models for the formation of an explosive atmosphere and flame propagation in a real containment are insufficient. Therefore, improvements of the models have been carried out by means of an experimental campaign in a 4 m3 vented enclosure. The third part is dedicated to the discussion, all results are integrated in a toolbox. This tool has been applied to the Greenergy Box, an application developed by AREVA Energy Storage. The conclusions are that, without taking turbulence into account, as soon as the concentration is higher than 20% of hydrogen in the enclosure, there is a risk of having a significant secondary explosion (explosion of the mixture expelled from the enclosure). If turbulence was taken into account, the acceptance of the risk would be questioned
De, Galizia Antonello. "Évaluation probabiliste de l’efficacité des barrières humaines prises dans leur contexte organisationnel." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0018/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe work carried out in this CIFRE PhD thesis is part of a long-term collaboration between CRAN and EDF R&D, one of the major results of which was the development of a risk analysis methodology called Integrated Risk Analysis (AiDR). This methodology deals with sociotechnical systems from technical, human and organizational points of view and whose equipment is subjected to maintenance and/or operation activities. This thesis aims to propose an evolution of the so-called "human barrier" model developed in the AiDR in order to evaluate the effectiveness of these human actions taken their organizational context. Our major contributions are organized around 3 axes: 1. Improvement of the pre-existing structure of the human barrier model to achieve a model based on performance shaping factors (PSF) provided by the Human Reliability Assessment (HRA) methods; 2. Integration of resilience and modeling of the interaction between resilient and pathogenic mechanisms impacting the effectiveness of activities in a probabilistic causal framework; 3. A global treatment of the expert judgments consistent with the mathematical structure of the proposed model in order to objectively estimate the parameters of the model. This treatment is based on a questionnaire to guide experts towards the evaluation of joint effects resulting from the interaction between pathogenic and resilient mechanisms. All of the proposed contributions have been validated on an application case involving a human barrier put in place during an external flooding occurring at an EDF power plant
Polet, Philippe. "Modélisation des franchissements de barrières pour l'analyse des risques des systèmes homme-machine." Valenciennes, 2002. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/7e557ec2-551a-425d-99e6-278d903333d0.
Повний текст джерелаRisk analysis in Man-machine systems has to take into account technical and human factors. Deviation between precribed tasks and real observed activities are noticed in field industrial observations. The PhD focuse on the molisation of these deviations. These deviations lead to border-line condition of use (BCTU) tolerated by users. These conditions are not taken into account by a priori risk analysis. We purpose some indicators in order to measure the impact of these conditions on the Man-machine system performances. Intentional inhibition of protection means, so called barrier crossing leads to BCTU. We purpose a multicriteria modelisation of barrier crossing. We distinguish the benefit, the cost and the potential deficit of the barrier crossing. We illustrate these concepts with field analysis in rotary press. We validate the model with an experimental study. Results confirm our hypothesis and encourage to take into account BCTU in risk analysis
Dherine, Jean. "Les instruments de mesure de la gestion de production. : Le problème de la sécurité et de la sauvegarde des ressources humaines et non humaines dans trois grands groupes industriels." Metz, 2002. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2002/Dherine.Jean.LMZ0205.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis deals with measurement and the instruments used, through the methods of production management governed by the ISO norms in three large industrial companies : the first of these companies manufactures carbonate and sodium bicarbonate ; the second builds car equipment ; the third develops steel destined to be used cars, household appliances construction works and packaging industries. Starting from the origins and development of measurement, the thesis attemps to establish its hold and incidence on man and machines. A census of the instruments and tools used in production units has led to an observation of the system of constraints inposed on both the operator and his operands. Throughout the interactions between man and machine, we note that measurement does not contradict the juxtaposition of instruments and measuring tools. On the contrary, it encourages the reinforcement of systems which are assured by management techniques intended to increase the safety of man and of machine, and the viability of products. It is by observing measurements and their imposed mechanisms in production units that we manage to reveal their features and their influence on both man and machine
Pierre-Jean, Pierre. "Modernisation de l'assurance maladie et développement des ressources humaines." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006VERS017S.
Повний текст джерелаManagement Social Security in mind and practice with respect of these traditional goals: protect the population against disease and promote self management of this organization, effective today despite modernity
Muñoz, Giraldo Felipe. "Utilisation de l'ensemble méthodologique MADS/MOSAR pour l'évaluation des systèmes de barrières de sécurité : application au secteur minier colombien." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPL049N/document.
Повний текст джерелаN this work, we explain the application of the MADS/MOSAR methodology in the Colombian mining sector and analyze the current legislation linked with three scenarios (explosion, post-operation collapsing and pulmonary diseases). The entire normative body of a country can be conceived as safety barriers and it plays an important role in industrial safety management. The definition, classification and performance of the normative barriers, allows the management of technological risks to perform a risk reduction in order to enhance the acceptability in the regional context. It permits to identify the flux of danger for a group of events, to define the existence of normative barriers and to generate a global panorama over the position of the different instruments that already exist allowing future management opportunities. The results of our analysis show a point of view that can be very useful for a local government or a whole national system to develop and/or evaluate his legislative instruments of risk management
Tano, Bekoin Françis Guillaume. "Etude analytique, numérique et expérimentale du comportement mécanique des systèmes géosynthétiques : application au cas des barrières de sécurité des extensions d'ISDND." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAU053/document.
Повний текст джерелаGeosynthetics (GSYs) are polymeric materials that are used in engineering and environmental constructions to replace or in addition to natural materials. In landfills, GSYs are used as a lining system to prevent leachate infiltration into groundwater.Nowadays, the scarcity of suitable sites to establish new landfills leads more and more landfill owners to build new landfill cells over older ones. In such type of construction commonly called piggy-back landfill, a new GSY lining system is often implemented between old and new cells. However, in this specific configuration, the risk of translational instability of the construction is increased since the lining system involved several interfaces with low shear strength. Such instability is related to the failure of the various interfaces within the GSY lining system and hence to the sliding of GSY layers on each other. Moreover, the potential occurrence of differential settlements and / or localized collapses (cavity) which are related to the compressible nature of the waste within the old cell could tear (excessive tensile forces / strains) the GSY lining system under the overload of the new waste. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms controlling translational slip phenomena and deformation of GSYs is essential to ensure a proper design of such a project.In this context, this PhD thesis focused on better understanding of the mechanical behaviour of GSY systems and their interactions. The study was conducted using firstly a global analysis (large scale, all over the piggy-back landfill) of the lining system in terms of translational slips between the various GSYs. Secondly, this study investigated the integrity of the GSY lining system subjected to a cavity (small scale analysis).To achieve this goal, a multi-approaches investigation involving analytical study, numerical modelling and experimental study was performed.First, the analytical part focused on a comparative analysis based on ten methods used to assess the factor of safety of translational slip and on eight methods used for the design of GSY reinforcement over cavities. These comparative studies have not only assessed the differences between these methods, but also identified those best suited to be applied in the context of piggy-back landfills.Then, a rigorous method (MeRaMoG) that addressed the key aspects of the mechanical behaviour of GSYs and interfaces (e.g., the nonlinear axial stiffness of GSYs), was developed for the numerical modelling of multi-layered geosynthetic systems. Through MeRaMoG which was experimentally validated, the mechanisms controlling the translational slip and deformation of the geosynthetic lining system on side slopes and cavity were investigated.Finally, a new large-scale testing device (DEPGeC) was developed to assess the efficiency of a GSY reinforcement to bridge a cavity. The DEPGeC is a prototype that was used to simulate the mechanical behaviour of multi-layered GSY systems over a rectangular cavity and under a confining load of up to 100 kPa. Using the DEPGeC, the influence of the applied vertical load, the stiffness of the GSY reinforcement and a perfect anchorage on the deformations of GSY, was investigated
Djelassi, Abir. "Modélisation et prédiction des franchissements de barrières basées sur l'utilité espérée et le renforcement de l'apprentissage : application à la conduite automobile." Valenciennes, 2007. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/0cb14aca-51f3-4cd3-8727-f89febd00519.
Повний текст джерелаRisk analysis in Human-machine system (HMS) has to take into account human errors to limit their occurrences or consequences. That’s why, HMS designers define many barriers in the HMS environment. However, these barriers may be removed by human operators. That’s why it’s necessary to integrate the barrier removal in HMS design in order to better their design. The best way that insures this integration is the barrier removal modelling and prediction. This work proposes two linear models of the barrier removal utility: a generic one and a specific one. They integrate the different criteria related to the human operator activity, the Benefits, Costs and potential Deficits associated to these criteria, the weights αi, βi, and γi, the erreors εαi, εβi and εγi and the sensibility threshold Δu. The modification of these two last model’s elements provides an amelioration of the barrier removal utility value and so the barrier removal prediction. This new barrier removal prediction method was applied to the car driving domain. Its results are very interesting
Ben, yahia Wided. "Contribution à la sécurité d'un système Homme-Agroéquipement : spécification d'un générateur de plans d'actions alternatifs pour l'analyse d'erreurs humaines." Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00716352.
Повний текст джерелаBen, Yahia Wided. "Contribution à la sécurité d'un système Homme-Agroéquipement : spécification d'un générateur de plans d'actions alternatifs pour l'analyse d'erreurs humaines." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012VALE0009/document.
Повний текст джерелаThese research works concern the development of an approach anticipating the possible human behaviours when they do not respect safety rules. The failure in complying with safety rules, considered human error, is the major source of incidents/accidents in agricultural equipment field. The proposed approach consists in defining a tool for generation of human action plans. An action plan is a sequence of actions allowing the achievement goal. The identification of these plans is done through the implementation of algorithms of planning methods based on hirerachical methods. These allow the decomposition of tasks into sub-tasks according to the chose specification of the generator. This specification consists in defining the parameters of the generator in order to simulate the failure in complying with safety rule. It concerns the following input parameters; task to achieve, safety preconditions, action effects, actions, list. Work then focus on the defining of a strategy based on the expert judgements to assess the human action plans, produced by the generator, in terms of credibility. The developed approach is a part of an improvement human factors consideration in risk analysis of agricultural equipment. Finally, this approach is demonstrated by its application to the riding lawn mower
Jemli, Anissa. "Les rôles des managers dans la formation de leurs collaborateurs : cas de deux entreprises industrielles (automobile et sécurité numérique)." Thesis, Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VERS019S/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn a complex economic environment, the involvement of managers in training theiremployees seems important. In a French automotive group and a multinational in digitalsecurity, we try to identify the different roles of managers in training, the effects of theseroles, challenges and finally the requirements to carry out these roles.Now, managers live discomfort and it is certain that their position confronts them tomultiple constraints. Work and training activities merge more and more: work activities areplaced at the heart of education and training activities are investing in the workplace: hencethe need to study managers’ roles in the formal and informal training.To answer our research goal, we used the qualitative research method by semistructuredinterviews. It found that managers are heavily involved in training: from animatingtraining sessions until monitoring and knowledge transfer in day to day activities.Our research highlights the “trainer” roles of the manager in a context of instability.Indeed, the personal involvement of managers to train their team can be largely explained bythe complexity of the context that requires from them to act urgently to overcome failures dueto the complexity and the slowness of the formal training process
Wiernasz, Norman. "Amélioration de la qualité et de la sécurité des produits de la mer par la technologie des barrières incluant la biopréservation - Impact sur les écosystèmes microbiens." Thesis, Nantes, Ecole nationale vétérinaire, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ONIR121F.
Повний текст джерелаSeafood products count for an important part of our diet. However, they are fragile and have a limited shelf-life due to microbial spoilage. The objective of this thesis was to develop a biopreservation strategy applied to a salmon-based product, the gravlax, in order to improve its microbiological quality and safety. We firstly characterized this poorly known product on a microbiological (cultural analysis and metabarcoding of the 16S rRNA encoding gene), physico-chemical (biogenic amines and volatile organic compounds...) and sensorial point of view. Compared to smoked salmon packed under vacuum or modified atmosphere, the gravlax shows a higher microbial diversity, dominated by enterobacteria and linked to a specific volatilome and sensory profile. In a second time, six lactic acid bacteria strains were selected on technological criteria such as antimicrobial activity, spoilage potential, tolerance to freezing and chitosan, as well as safety criteria such as biogenic amines production and antibiotic resistance. These 6 strains were then applied on gravlax to evaluate their bioprotective potential. They are distinguished by their implantation capacity and their impact on the product microbial ecosystem, volatilome and sensory properties. A strain of Vagococcus fluvialis and Carnobacterium maltaromaticum were able respectively to control the sensorial spoilage and to inhibit Listeria monocytogenes, during gravlax refrigerated storage
Pennarun, Pierre-Yves. "Migration à partir de bouteilles en PET recyclé. Elaboration et validation d'un modèle applicable aux barrières fonctionnelles." Phd thesis, Université de Reims - Champagne Ardenne, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010957.
Повний текст джерелаLa modélisation de la diffusion et de la migration ont permis de prédire ce temps de latence et donc, la période pendant laquelle l'emballage sera sûr. L'analyse numérique autorise une modélisation complète de tous les phénomènes de transports dans les polymères :
- diffusion au travers de la barrière fonctionnelle pendant la mise en œuvre des préformes en PET : le coefficient de diffusion est fonction de la température locale qui dépend du temps et de sa position dans l'épaisseur de la préforme (la diffusion de la température et de la matière sont calculées à partir des lois de Fourier et de Fick). Des paramètres cinétiques aux interfaces sont pris en compte dans les calculs.
- diffusion / migration des substances modèles au cours du contact avec l'aliment : le coefficient de diffusion des substances modèles est fonction de la concentration locale de l'aliment dans le polymère.
Les simulations sont comparées à des cas expérimentaux, incluant tous les types de contact possibles avec l'aliment, pour déterminer des diffusivités modèles. Pour cela, une liste de substances modèles couvrant la plupart des propriétés des substances chimiques (volatilité, polarité, solubilité dans l'eau, ... ) a été établie. Les diffusivités obtenues nous ont permis d'extrapoler et de surestimer les cinétiques de migration, quelle que soit la masse moléculaire des polluants potentiels, pour un contact direct avec l'aliment (bouteille monocouches et pour une migration au travers d'une barrière fonctionnelle (en PET ou dépôt plasma). Ces résultats participeront à l'élaboration de la législation européenne pour l'utilisation de PET recyclé en contact alimentaire.
Sterkendries, Jean M. R. R. G. "La Belgique et la sécurité de l'Europe occidentale 1944-1955." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211367.
Повний текст джерелаFlecher, Claire. "Navigations humaines au gré du flux mondialisé : le travail des marins de commerce sur les navires français de nos jours." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100097/document.
Повний текст джерелаBased on an ethnography realised aboard four different ships, the dissertation encourages reflexion over the notion of commercial fluidity, understood as the the ongoing search of consistency and the movement of goods. Instead of working on an overall analysis of the flow, the dissertation focuses on the way this flow is built, negotiated and is denied within the work of the seamen. As this concept of fluidity was originally conceived on land, the first part of the dissertation provides insights into the numerous players revolving around the ship and its activity: States, shipowners, charterers, intermediaries and monitoring organisations form the « technical macro-system » of the maritime freight by supplying, chartering, assisting and monitoring the ship. The second part demonstrates how the prevalence of this system of fluidity resulted in the development of a global labour market aimed at having an free labour factor that is able to adapt to the fluctuations of the ship. Leading to new instabilities, the opening-up of national labour markets requires on the other hand the introduction of new regulations. Last but not least, the third part demonstrates that, as a result of the fragmentation of labour collectives, the risks associated with vessel navigation as well as the necessity of maintaining consistency, the activity of merchant seafarers is characterised by many types of arrangements and deals. Isolated and folded on itself, the ship appears as an entity involving many actors and located at the heart of a large and complex network. Within this network, consistency is obtained through negotiation and delicate compromise. This consistency is driven by a close monitoring of the ship and the seafarers activity, which does not undermine the isolation of the ship however since this isolation is a condition to fluidity
Ndour, Farba. "L’impact de la protection sociale sur le rendement des ressources humaines : Le cas du secteur informel au Sénégal." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON10010/document.
Повний текст джерелаConsidering the substantial financial resources that social protection mobilizes, it exerts influences on the economy and population. Many debates are raised about its effectiveness, and these debates are sustained by the economic slowdown, that opposes supporters of an increased liberalism and those who are for some more social justice. For the former, the social spending cost and stroke of luck act as a brake on the economy while the latter compare its contribution to an essential lever for the development of human capital. This thesis tries to demonstrate that economic performance and social policies can and should pursue common goals, so that economic development should result in human development. It is divided into two parts, with three chapters in each. Firstly, two conflicting positions about the contribution of social protection on the economy and population will be brought out following a demonstration which underlines the strong correlation between the level of economic development and quality of human resources. Like the other developing countries,in Senegal the informal sector, which represents the hub of the economy, despite its low productivity, has no form of modern social coverage. Coming to the conclusion that some components of social protection, such as health insurance, can improve the effectiveness of human capital, we outline a scheme of medical coverage which can be applied to the informal sector in Senegal through compulsory health insurance
Berthevas, Jean-François. "Management des réseaux personnels et de la sécurité de l'information dans une perspective d'innovation : le rôle de la culture organisationnelle." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1132.
Повний текст джерелаFrench institutions are now "massively" victims of attempted theft of information . But the human being is the weakest link in security devices information (IS). In particular, the use of personal networks by employees is likely to support innovation activity ... while creating potential loopholes for IS. Therefore, in particular, this doctoral work attempts to progress in the knowledge of human factors to improve IS measures. We focus our work on information exchange between employees of all organizations (government departments, large and small enterprises, ... ) . To answer our questions, we developed a conceptual model based on the context of action that includes notably the mobilization of personal networks, the influence of individual and organizational values and actors’ perception of organizational security measures in place in their organization. We note the importance of organizational culture and behavior perceived of the local Manager as key elements of the IS
Van, Box Som Annick. "Des sciences humaines aux sciences de l’ingénieur : comportements humains, activités finalisées et conception de systèmes d’assistance à la conduite de véhicules industriels." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20105/document.
Повний текст джерелаDriving a truck is a complex professional activity that takes place in a dynamic and constant changing environment. It needs a specific learning and it is set in a strict regulated framework including French labour code (Code du travail) as road regulation. Strong spatio-temporal pressure should be added to those characteristics. These constraints entail to drivers the use of operative strategies to achieve the main objective of their activity: respect of delivery time in optimal conditions of safety, security and productivity.This thesis deals with the contribution of cognitive psychology to the design of driving assistance systems for trucks. Works are intended to integrate, from the design of new systems, the demands of human cognitive functioning in real situation and the needs and expectations of drivers so that adapted and usable technological solutions could be proposed to them.Applied part shows two major dimensions of truck driving activity: productivity through the issue of the eco-driving assistance (“Conduite Economique Assistée, ADEME- RENAULT TRUCKS” project) and safety through the issue of the assistance to detection and protection of vulnerable road users (“VIVRE2, ANR-PREDIT05-LUTB” project).From a scientific point of view, the thesis ends with a proposal of a model of human functioning in finalized activities, of which is added an adapted model of the truck driving activity. The analysis performed in real environment enhance knowledge, on the one hand, on the applied driving strategies to the eco-driving of a truck in extra-urban environment and, on the other hand, on the components of the activity of drivers doing deliveries in urban environment. Moreover, works performed in VIVRE2 project allowed to specify representations and risky behaviours of vulnerable users with relation to trucks in town.From an applicative and ergonomic point of view, works on driving dynamic simulator allowed the evaluation of an innovative man-machine interface which could be adapted to eco-driving and the proposal as well as the evaluation of assistance systems to guarantee safety of vulnerable users during low speed manoeuvres in urban environment
Grosdemouge, Loic. "Comprendre le travail des professionnels des ressources humaines pour développer leur pouvoir d’agir : le cas d’une intervention ergonomique dans un groupe de l’industrie chimique." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0850/document.
Повний текст джерелаOver the past fifteen years, human resource professionals have increasingly been involved in the management of occupational health and safety issues (especially arduousness of the work, psychosocial risks, disability at work).However, occupational health and safety (OHS) issues are complex and human resource professionals may find it difficult to match them with all the missions attached to their function.In this thesis, we propose to look at HR professionals as full part workers and to analyze their OHS management activity in an ergonomic approach. Our objective is to identify the determinants that generate impediments in their activity or that allow them to develop their leeway.Our analysis is based on a four-year research-intervention in a chemical industry group. As part of this intervention, we have assisted HR professionals, particularly in the implementation of a joint agreement on the prevention of the arduousness of the work. Thereby, we manage to assemble a significant amount of data regarding the activity of HR professionals in the context of our support. In addition, we have also implemented various data collection methodologies (interview, activity chronicle, e-mail mining).The results of our analysis highlight several sources of impediments in the prevention work of HR professionals: balkanization of the HR function, deficiency of joint regulation among their prescribers, lack of legitimacy, hypertrophy of social relations, void of spaces for work debate.However, our results also highlight the ability of HR professionals to develop their power to act. This development involves the construction of work collectives and the realization of collective activities, within the HR function and with other company stakeholders.Finally, our analysis shows that ergonomists can be essential contributors to the development of the power to act of HR professionals, especially by participating in the creation of border objects and transactional objects useful for exchanges with other functions of the company
Dib, Abderrahmane. "Prise en compte de la sécurité et la fiabilité humaine pour l'évaluation et l'amélioration de la sûreté des systèmes homme-machine : application au TGV." Compiègne, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994COMPD724.
Повний текст джерелаVossier, Ludivine. "Risque bactérien et transfusion sanguine : vers de nouvelles approches préventives." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON13518.
Повний текст джерелаThe prevention of the infectious risk is a major issue for the Etablissement Français du Sang. Currently, bacterial contamination is the most infectious risk in developed countries. The bacterial risk is not limited to blood transfusion safety. The antimicrobial resistance is a major public health problem. Antimicrobial peptides are important arm of the innate immune system which represents an interesting alternative to antibiotics. Human neutrophil peptides 1, 2 and 3 (HNPs 1-3) are found in the azurophilic granules of neutrophils. We have developed an original approach of HNPs 1-3 purification from leucodepletion filters used in blood processing. This process allows the production of a pure cocktail of HNPs 1-3 displaying high antibacterial activity as demonstrated by this work. HNPs 1-3 have also been used as bioreceptor in an innovative approach for bacterial detection. Initially, an electrochemical immunosensor was designed, exploiting magnetic microparticles coated with commercially available antibodies. In a second step, magnetic microparticles have been coated efficently with the HNPs 1-3 purified according our protocol. We have obtained a first proof of concept showing the bacterial capture by this innovative approach. The peptides stability combined with the electrochemical biosensors performances would allow the development of a generic bacteria detection assay in labile blood products
Lollia, Fabrice. "Aide à la décision en situation de crise. Les nouvelles technologies pour la prévention sécuritaire des entreprises : limites et opportunités." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC0031.
Повний текст джерелаThe current security context shows difficulties for the company in the protection of these employees (expatriates, business travelers). Previously known risks such as kidnapping against perdition are developing and experiencing new human forms that material and immaterial. Indeed, the kidnapping that is human, material or immaterial knows many forms of appearance and adapts according to The esperancy is followed against it in terms of responsibility. It is therefore only an omnipresent risk of which only one proactive attitude could be to reduce the risk. After studying, the kidnapping against deployment and its theoretical contributions. We were analyzed using part of the reading grid of the situational semiotics of Alex Mucchielli. Throughout this page in search action used method on main-exploration exploration with a situation Method that is most suitable for studying the field of security. We then created a digital solution Application of prevention for expatriates and corporate travelers (APSEV) to give a concrete and operational meaning to our work. This solution has been tested and validated as a protection mission at the Embassy of France in Afghanistan. But beyond its creation we explored its impact in the embassy in terms of human interaction. Accepted by some who feel protected and denied by others who feel guarded. This new security technology is disturbing because of its geolocation activity, whose meaning varies from one individual to another. The security problem of kidnapping against ransom can only be solved by the creation of a suitable geolocalisation digital solution without taking into account the effects on human interactions that will make it suitable for use
Huver, Benjamin. "Du présentéisme au travail : mesure et facteurs explicatifs." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL12017/document.
Повний текст джерелаWhile many companies monitor very closely the absence level of their employees, few of them are concerned about presenteeism. This behavior characterizes the situation of an employee who goes to work even though his health status would justify a sick leave. A still young literature, whose approaches of presenteeism are very heterogeneous, highlights some explanatory factors of this phenomenon as well as its negative implications on employees’ health and productivity. So far, the only way to collect data on presenteeism was to ask directly employees about their own behavior. The first purpose of our thesis is to introduce a new statistical instrument to measure quantitatively presenteeism. This can be done by applying a zero-inflated negative binomial model to individual sickness absence records, an easily available data in firms. Several behaviors are entangled in this variable, including presenteeism, which mainly manifests itself by an overrepresentation of nil values. The second goal of our thesis is to explain how an operational diagnosis can be performed, based on this tool. Two empirical applications, one in a hospital (4300 employees), the other in a regional bank (2700 employees), show the ability of the model to compute an individual presenteeism probability and to identify major presenteeism factors on a corporate scale. Among these factors, age, team responsibility or job insecurity are, for example, of particular importance
Radfar, Sahar. "Modélisation d'éléments de structure en béton armé renforcés par collage de PRF : application à la rupture de type peeling-off." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00981545.
Повний текст джерелаFaraji, Hamid. "Le théâtre de Harold Pinter : paramètres et enjeux de la vie." Rennes 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REN20041.
Повний текст джерела@Is the theatre of Pinter comic or tragic? The critics are sometimes puzzled. With success, Pinter bowls-over the dominating theatrical tradition, multiplies riddles. The image of labyrinth prevails in his theatre. Nothing in his characters' life is firm, not their physical context, nor their own memory. They feel scared, are crushed by loneliness, time and space. Even in the language they use, one can see that they don't really communicate. Amidst torment and suffering, Pinter's characters refuse the idea of suicide, fight for survival in a violent and arbitrary world that deprives them of all human aspects, reduces them to mere objects. They cheat each other, hide behind a role which is false, shift their ground in relation to each other in order to pursue their own advantages. Pinter is one of the most perceptive and able dramatists to express human tragedy, keeping hs public on the edge of their seats
Rangra, Subeer. "Performance shaping factor based human reliability assessment using valuation-based systems : application to railway operations." Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2375/document.
Повний текст джерелаHumans are and remain one of the critical constituents of modern transport operations. Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) methods provide a multi-disciplinary approach: systems engineering and cognitive science methods to evaluate the interaction between humans and the system. This thesis proposes a novel HRA methodology acronymed PRELUDE (Performance shaping factor based human REliability assessment using vaLUation-baseD systEms). Performance shaping factors (PSFs) are used to characterize a dangerous operational context. The proposed framework of Valuation-based System (VBS) and belief functions theory (BFT) uses mathematical rules to formalize the use of expert data and construction of a human reliability model capable of representing all kinds of uncertainty. PRELUDE is able to predict the human error probability given a context, and also provide a formal feedback to reduce the said probability. The second part of this work demonstrates the feasibility of PRELUDE with empirical data from simulators. A protocol to obtain data, a transformation and data analysis method is presented. An experimental simulator campaign is carried out to illustrate the proposition. Thus, PRELUDE is able to integrate data from multiple sources (empirical and expert) and types (objective and subjective). This thesis, hence address the problem of human error analysis, taking into account the evolution of the HRA domain over the years by proposing a novel HRA methodology. It also keeps the rail industry’s usability in mind, providing a quantitative results which can easily be integrated with traditional risk analyses. In an increasingly complex and demanding world, PRELUDE will provide rail operators and regulatory authorities a method to ensure human interaction-related risk is understood and managed appropriately in its context
Kudada, Banza Damien. "Logiques et contraintes de l'intégration politique en Afrique centrale: la théorie de la justice de John Rawls à l'épreuve de la réalité africaine." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209696.
Повний текст джерелаDevant ce constat amer, nous nous sommes proposé de réfléchir en profondeur sur la théorie de la justice politique de Rawls en vue de nous imprégner de principes susceptibles de garantir les droits et devoirs fondamentaux des citoyens et des peuples bien ordonnés.
Nous avons ainsi examiné les conditions de possibilité de l’application de la théorie de la justice politique de Rawls pour une intégration politique réussie à l’échelle interne, en République Démocratique du Congo, et au niveau international ou supranational des Etats de l’Afrique centrale. Il ressort que la mise en place des institutions politiques, économiques, socioculturelles viables, de l’Etat de droit et du modèle de la démocratie représentativo-délibérative constituent, à notre sens, des préalables indispensables en vue de postuler, à un second niveau, une intégration politique supranationale dans la sous-région de l’Afrique des Grands Lacs caractérisée par des guerres récurrentes interétatiques. Les principes rawlsiens du droit des peuples peuvent aider à repenser la politique étrangère des pays de la sous-région de l’Afrique centrale et celle des organisations supranationales existantes.
Néanmoins, nous avons soutenu que l’application de certains principes rawlsiens du droit des peuples, comme celui du respect des traités et des engagements, nécessite que ceux-ci soient signés au sein d’une « fédération pacifique » des Etats. En effet, dans l’entendement d’Emmanuel Kant, des traités signés dans une « fédération pacifique » mettent fin à la fois aux guerres présentes et futures.
Dans cet ordre d’idées, nous avons souligné qu’une « fédération pacifique » des Etats pourra créer un cadre important pour l’émergence d’une « communauté de sécurité » au sens deutschien du terme, nécessaire pour la paix durable dans la sous-région de l’Afrique des Grands Lacs. La « communauté de sécurité » préconise que les Etats entretenant des relations réciproques ne recourent pas à la violence physique et règlent leurs problèmes par des « mécanismes de changement pacifique ». Dans cette logique, la guerre n’est plus facilement envisageable. De plus, nous avons estimé, en nous inspirant d’Habermas, qu’il est pertinent que les pays de l’Afrique centrale s’engagent sur la voie de l’« afrofédération », assurant la transformation des traités interétatiques conclus en une Constitution politique que chaque Etat de la fédération devra respecter.
Doctorat en Philosophie
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Magasich-Airola, Jorge. "Ceux qui ont dit "Non": histoire du mouvement des marins chiliens opposés au coup d'Etat de 1973." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210614.
Повний текст джерелаNotre objectif est de retracer l’histoire du mouvement des marins légitimistes et notre hypothèse de travail est que le coup d’État de 1973 n’est pas l’œuvre de l’armée mais d’une fraction de celle-ci.
Nous avons consulté quatre catégories de sources :
1) La presse :6 quotidiens et 2 hebdomadaires opposés au gouvernement d’Allende; 4 quotidiens, 2 hebdomadaires et un bimensuel proches du gouvernement ou de gauche.
2) Les essais, documents politiques, témoignages et mémoires, particulièrement les mémoires des quatre amiraux organisateurs du coup d’État.
3) Les procès entamés contre les marins dès la fin du gouvernement d’Allende, dont les 6.000 pages du célèbre procès 3926 contre les marins de la flotte.
4) Nous avons interviewé 30 marins, ce qui correspond à environ un tiers des marins condamnés par les tribunaux navals sous la dictature. En outre, nous avons interviewé, des militants, des avocats, un procureur, un général de l’aviation opposé au coup d’État, un officier de la Marine opposé au coup d’État et un officier de la Marine favorable au coup d’État. Au total 52 interviews qui totalisent un bon millier de pages.
L’introduction présente le sujet et explique sa pertinence :les réunions entre les marins et les dirigeants politiques restent un événement souvent cité dans l’historiographie qui justifie le coup d’État.
Le ch. I est un travail de compilation sur l’histoire des révoltes de marins au XXe siècle, pour identifier les éléments communs entre elles.
Le ch. II tente de situer la Marine chilienne dans son contexte historique et social, rappelant les conflits qui ont secoué la force navale et sa réorganisation lors du début de la Guerre froide et décrivant le contenu de l’enseignement donné à l’École navale des officiers.
Le ch. III décrit la vie sociale dans la Marine de 1970 –l’année de l’élection présidentielle– surtout les relations difficiles entre la troupe et les officiers. Celles-ci se manifestent à travers des réactions contradictoires au résultat de l’élection. Pendant les premiers mois du gouvernement d’Allende, un nombre croissant d’officiers manifeste son opposition, alors que des « hommes de mer » (la troupe) s’organisent pour le défendre.
Les ch. IV et V couvrent la période qui va de 1971 jusqu’à la première tentative de coup d’État le 29 juin 1973 (el Tanquetazo). Elle est marquée d’une part par l’adhésion de la plupart des officiers aux thèses putschistes, et d’autre part, par un notable développement des groupes de marins antiputschistes. Nous décrivons les relations structurelles entre les officiers et civils conjurés et l’établissement des relations entre des groupes de marins et certains partis politiques de gauche. Ce travail décrit la réunion secrète où plusieurs groupes de marins, tentent d’établir une coordination et discutent s’il faut agir avant que le coup d’État ne soit déclenché ou seulement en réaction à celui-ci.
Le chapitre VI couvre les cinq « semaines décisives » qui s’écoulent entre la tentative de putsch du 29 juin et l’arrestation des marins de la flotte, le 5 août 1973. Dans la Marine, la préparation du coup d’État arrive à sa phase finale, avec un affairement perceptible. Beaucoup de marins craignent d’être forcés à y participer. Dans ce contexte, le groupe de marins de la flotte formule une ébauche de plan d’occupation des navires et organise des réunions avec des dirigeants de gauche pour tenter une action qui ferait avorter le coup d’État imminent. Nous avons pu retracer ce plan ainsi que les célèbres réunions avec les dirigeants du PS, du MAPU et du MIR, grâce à plusieurs témoignages de marins et de « civils » présents dans ces réunions.
Le chapitre VII décrit la période entre l’arrestation des marins et les semaines qui suivent le coup d’État, décrivant les premières tortures, la difficile situation du gouvernement d’Allende, qui attaque en justice les marins « infiltrés », et le débat politique et juridique suscité par les arrestations et tortures, un des derniers débats démocratiques.
Le chapitre VIII expose la poursuite des procès sous la dictature. Parmi les avocats pro deo qui se contentent d’une timide défense pour la forme, nous avons trouvé une défense exceptionnelle des marins sur le plan politique :« le devoir de tout militaire est de défendre le gouvernement légitime », affirme l’avocate Lidia Hogtert, une dame de 75 ans, qui, en 1975, ose défier la justice militaire. En 1988, à la fin de la dictature, lorsque l’ancien secrétaire du MAPU Oscar Garretón se présente devant la justice navale, le cas connaît un nouveau retentissement :après plusieurs condamnations par des tribunaux militaires, Garreton obtient une victoire complète à la Cour Suprême. Il est acquitté de toute accusation pour « sédition et mutinerie ».
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
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Dubé, Jessica. "Problèmes d'interaction de santé et sécurité au travail et de gestion des ressources humaines." Mémoire, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4452/1/M12325.pdf.
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