Дисертації з теми "Banque mondialle"
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Sou, Ngadoy Ngaba. "La Stratégie de la banque mondiale." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376012992.
Повний текст джерелаDELFORGE, COSTE ISABELLE. "Les cofinancements avec la banque mondiale." Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA111014.
Повний текст джерелаFinancing of development requires in the less provided countries a help from states which the bird is inclined to promote. Although it is very active in certain african or latin american developing nations, the bird needs to call upon other actors of financing's services like multilateral banks for development (bid, bad. . . ), organizations for export credits, commercial banks. This approach of financing gives the bird a leading role able to respect the different aims of each colender. The development of cofinancing has to be realized thanks to an increasing of its field : it must be useful for highly priority projects on the largest possible area. The first part discribes principles and methods according to which the organizations act. The different contracts of cofinancing are presented in the second part. The divergences between colenders give rise to different contracts. The bird proposes these contracts being sure that the projet is effective in th "cycle of project" proceedings. Contracts are from different juridical kinds piblic law or private law. Colenders protect themselves by more and more effective guarantees by creating important juridical links between their contracts : the "cross default" claude for example. Cofinancig would be perfect if it wcould implement a single contract between colenders, all of them having the same securities and being guaranteed by the bird : the beinning is the birth of the b-loans
Sou, Ngadoy Ngaba. "La stratégie de la banque mondiale." Paris 9, 1986. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1986PA090038.
Повний текст джерелаThériault, Dimitri. "Et si Machiavel avait été banquier? : une étude sur l'allocation des prêts de la Banque mondiale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/31887.
Повний текст джерелаThis research studies the allocation of World Bank loans with panel data covering up to 115 countries over three time periods: Cold War (1973-1990), post-Cold War (1991-2000), and post-September 11 (2001-2013). Among our findings, we show that the more a state receives a large amount of loans by the World Bank, the more it supports the US foreign policy. At the same time, our data reveals that recipients of World Bank loans are on average closer to Russian foreign policy than American foreign policy for all periods under consideration. We argue that these results provide evidence that World Bank’s loans are used to buy and reward supports or abstentions for specific resolutions in the United Nations rather than for all the ones adopted in a session. Our study furthermore indicates that after September 11 terrorist attacks, World Bank recipient countries receiving the greatest amount of US military assistance were also the ones receiving the largest loans by the Bank. Although this supports the thesis that the events of 9/11 led the United States to use the World Bank in their national interests as during the Cold War, we find that the Bank appears to have limited political considerations in the allocation of its loans after the collapse of the USSR and especially between 2001 and 2013. Keywords : World Bank, IBRD, IDA, multilateral development institutions, aid, military assistance, political affinity
Fonseca, Marília. "La Banque mondiale et l'éducation au Brésil (1977-1990)." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H032.
Повний текст джерелаThe technical and financial support of the World Bank to the Brazilian education started in 1971. Since then the bank financed five projects for the development of primary and secondary education. These projects amount to 102 million dollars. However, given the nature of international cooperation and the problems of Brazilian institutional organization, the materialization of international projects has faced educational administration with political, administrative and financial difficulties. This has made the projects expensive for the country and inefficient for education
Boilève, Félix. "Une "Banque du savoir" ? Enquête sur la nature et la politique de l'expertise de la Banque mondiale." Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLM023.
Повний текст джерелаIn the 1990s, the World Bank was facing an unprecedented crisis, due to the consequences of structural adjustment programs and of some projects it financed, which were considered harmful by many. The response of the international institution was to describe itself as a “Knowledge Bank”, claiming by this term that its primary value lied in its development knowledge, while acknowledging the political nature and the need to transform this knowledge. This thesis takes up this self-description and investigates the current nature of this Knowledge Bank. To this end, ethnographic studies, mainly in West Africa, were conducted on knowledge that the World Bank itself has identified as one of its prominent concern: the knowledge embedded in its development interventions (projects, technical assistance). By discussing mainly the literature in anthropology of development, and building upon relevant work in Science and technology studies, the thesis identifies an “expertise as operation” at the heart of these interventions. This expression denotes the actions undertaken by World Bank experts (consultants, project managers) to construct or transform the identities and problems of individual or collective entities, through the production and mobilisation of knowledge about them, and often by ensuring that these entities seize upon this knowledge about themselves. The choice made in the thesis to analyse economic interventions (support for the competitiveness of an economic sector, support for the development of entrepreneurship, or research on industrial policies) allows for an in-depth analysis of the much criticized neoliberal and “economicist” policy of the World Bank, so as to show that the politics of the institution cannot be reduced to those aspects, and is primarily embedded in these operations of expertise on identities and problems
Belaali, Mohamed. "La Banque mondiale et le financement du développement industriel au Maroc." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37602738g.
Повний текст джерелаOgandaga, Ndiaye Gilles. "La Banque mondiale et la protection de l'environnement en Afrique centrale." Nice, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NICE0025.
Повний текст джерелаCentral Africa is an area confronted with an interference of most alarming evils as regards development. Lower economic activity, crisis of the structures of development, poverty of the population, to which are added an overexploitation of the natural resources. This crisis to reorientate the action of many organisations of development towards a taking into account of environmental problems in their strategies of development. Thus it of the World bank is. The aim of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of the interventions of the World bank in the field of environmental protection in Central Africa. It comes out from this study that, although the prime objective of this institution is not environmental protection, environmental problems are now located at the heart of the strategy of development of the World bank. That results in the increase in the wallet of projects allocated with the environmental protection, then by the development of tools intended for the management of the environment and the promotion of sustainable development
Belaali, Mohamed. "La Banque mondiale et le financement du développement industriel au Maroc." Poitiers, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987POIT3001.
Повний текст джерелаIt is essentially by means of loan agreements with its underdeveloped member countries that world bank can achieve its policy of aid to development. The statement and performance proceedings of those loan agreements are not only formal. They are the very expressions of the world bank inderdevelopment development conceptions. Applying those conceptions to the industrial sector of a single member country, morocco in this case, implies a precise strategy : privatization of the institutions of industrial intervention, support and protection of the private local and foreign industrial capital, important extroversion of industry and thus of the moroccan economy. A concrete investigation reveals that the industrial strategy advocated by world bank in morocco comes up against limits which are not only economical and financial (world bank refusal to finance a heavy industry, promotion of light export industries, industrialization by way of indebting. . . ),but also political and social, (problem of ingerence, state sovereignty, restricting effects of the enforcement of the structural adjustement plan on impoverished classes). So, beyond juridical and financial modes of loan agreements- wich cons- titute the very basis of world bank intervention this survey tries to analyze the relations of domination and dependence existing between world bank and its underdeveloped member countries. In fact, those relations are nothing but the reflection of the relationships existing between industrialized countries and underdeveloped countries
Plantavin, Cédric. "La société financière internationale (membre du groupe de la banque mondiale) et ses interventions en Afrique subsaharienne : aspects juridiques et fonctionnement." Nice, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NICE0037.
Повний текст джерелаTechnical international organizations are supposed to serve cooperation between nations. The most active of them act in development and their purpose is to serve common interest. World bank group institutions, which are international bank for reconstruction and development (IBRD), international development association (IDA), international finance corporation (IFC) and multilateral investment guarantee agency (MIGA), have statutory duty to enforce this development by providing capital to requesting states in favor of investment on their territory. In this context, each of them follows a specific mission and has special competencies. Close to the IBRD, an organization with general competencies working with states, IFC (corporation) has a special vocation. It's directly interested in private sector of less developed countries and, by this way, performs two kinds of missions : technical assistance and financing. It's the "advice bank" of developing countries. Sub-Saharan Africa is one of its operational area where it interferes in priority. Advisory services have been recently developed. They allowed to disclaim the African continent specificity. Like this, the corporation could put particular tools dedicated to African private sector. Then, its banking activity is interested in private sector productive projects financing. The corporation promotes investment in this domain either by furnishing owner's equity or by liberating private capital. On the African continent, it has a small enterprises trust fund. Structurally, IFC is regarded as an international investment bank, but its vocation to operate in less developed areas makes it an atypical international organization which develops specific instruments
Kadri, Abdelaziz. "L'Evolution de la doctrine de la Banque mondiale en matière de développement." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37614628k.
Повний текст джерелаDiene, Adam. "Évaluation et contrôlabilité des grands projets : le cas de la Banque mondiale." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20201.
Повний текст джерелаKadri, Abdelaziz. "L'evolution de la doctrine de la banque mondiale en matiere de developpement." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05D002.
Повний текст джерелаThe study deals with three essential steps of b. I. R. D. Tenet evolution : first the bank extolled a liberal doctrine based upon the principle of "tricle down". Second the concepts of equity and incomes repartition were introduced, so the major themes approched, in this period, were mainly concerning the satisfaction of fundamental needs. The third step began with the eighties period where - because of the crise - the bank mainly dealt with the structural adjustment programs before recently trying to find out a compromise between adjustment and struggle against poverty
Menda, Biffot Chouchou. "La Banque mondiale : étude du lien d'affiliation entre la Banque internationale pour la reconstruction et le développement (BIRD) et l'Association internationale de développement (IDA)." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA05D012.
Повний текст джерелаChavagneux, Christian. "Analyser les organisations économiques internationales (Fonds Monétaire International-Banque mondiale-Banque des règlements internationaux) : une approche en termes déconomie politique internationale." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100106.
Повний текст джерелаKuete, Minga. "Recherche sur l'action de la Banque mondiale en droit international public : le cas du Zaïre." Toulouse 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU10020.
Повний текст джерелаThe World Bank plays a more and more pivotal role in developing countries which are coping with a profound economic and financial crisis. Among them, Zaire, that used to be considered as having a bright future because of the importance of its mining, agricultural, energetic, forestry and human resources. The country, which has implemented all the developing policies recommended by the World Bank, is among the poorest countries in the world. The first interventions of the World Bank started in 1951. For the past 40 years its operational and normative action has been presented as contributing to the turning of numerous Zairian resources into sources of development and prosperity. The fact that Zaire is, today, one of the least advanced countries raises the problem of the relevancy and limits of the action of this organisation. Why did the operational and juridical machinery recommended and applied by the World Bank fail? What are the endogenous and exogenous obstacles? How can Zaire be put on the way to development? Essentially, the present study shows that triggering a real fight against under-development in the poorest countries in general and in Zaire in particular, demands bold transformations on the national regional levels and also on the international level as regards the modalities and values of the interventions of the World Bank
Diallo, Nouhoun. "La valorisation de l'utilisation des évaluations de programme : cas de la Banque mondiale au Burkina Faso." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28207/28207.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаDiene, Bassirou. "L'encadrement international du développement local : les cas de la Banque mondiale, de L'UNESCO et de la FAO /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1993. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Повний текст джерелаNkodia, Yves Fernand. "L'idéologie des institutions internationales financières du développement : (Fonds monétaire international-banque mondiale).Le cas des pays africains." Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE0021.
Повний текст джерелаNanquette, Aude. "Le pouvoir symbolique du discours de la Banque mondiale sur la perception des acteurs locaux du développement : le cas du Burkina Faso." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL12018/document.
Повний текст джерелаAmong the various phases of the development aid since its creation after the second world war, the last approach promoted by the World bank takes the shape of the struggle against poverty, proposing new concepts, such as the participative process, the governance and the efficiency of aid, involving new partnerships and a reorganization of the decision’s process. In a country strongly depending on the international aide such as Burkina Faso, various categories of local actors interact within the framework of the implementation of the international strategies. We met donators, actors of the state, NGOs (the non-governmental organization), militant, organizations, academics and animators to compare their speech on the implementation of aid with that of the World bank through the study of the main abstract sets extracted from the speech of the international organization. The analysis of their speech has objective to put in perspective their perception with the location of the categories of actors within the social area organized around relations of power. By this way, we demonstrate the constraints imposed by the system of the aid on the speech and the actions of the social actors positioned at various levels of the hierarchy of the field of development
Moutier-Lopet, Anaïs. "Les relations entre l’Organisation Mondiale du Commerce et les autres organisations internationales." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100140/document.
Повний текст джерелаIf the main functions of the WTO are to serve as a forum for trade negotiations and enforce multilateral trade rules that have been negotiated, an important aspect of the WTO’s mandate is to cooperate with the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and other multilateral institutions to achieve greater coherence in global economic policy-making. The interconnectedness of the mandate of the WTO with other international organizations is much broader and permeates much of the agreements negotiated during the Uruguay Round. Globalization has made it even more necessary close cooperation between multilateral institutions. To implement this mandate on Coherence, the WTO has established a new framework for interinstitutional cooperation. And if the WTO is not intended to become the international organization of governance, it has managed to find its place in the archipelago of international governance in contributing to the improvement
Kauffmann, Mayeul. "Les organisations économiques internationales face aux dépenses et à la sécurité militaires : Banque mondiale, FMI et GATT/OMC." Grenoble 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE21010.
Повний текст джерелаPeace is often taken for granted by economists: economic policies, including those promoted by international economic organizations (IEOs), are assessed without considering military security, especially the risk of civil or international wars. Military expenditures, which are central in this respect, are under-studied. But IEOs (World Bank, IMF and GATT/WTO) are pillars to the world economy, and they could have enhanced military security through an economic contribution, but this project (designed at Bretton-Woods) was incomplete theoretically and partly implemented: The IEOs, owing to their specialized mandate and its interpretation, and because of the Cold War, have ignored defense spendings and arms trade, and have proved unable to support disarmament. The international financial institutions have financed the military expenditures of some countries directly or indirectly, and their inactivity in this field has lasted despite the end of the Cold War. Organized by the GATT, and then the WTO, the liberalization of trade has been much stronger in civil than in military industries, favoring the instrumentalization of the latter for civil economic purposes (pseudo-mercantilism). Globalization without international cooperation has disastrous social and political consequences. Admittedly, it has been framed by IEOs, but without taking into account power relations, intermingled with economic ones, or the social dimension of economic policy (including structural adjustment programs), which might exacerbate international conflicts and ethnic tensions, as shown by statistical analyses.
Zucman, Gabriel. "Trois essais sur la répartition mondiale des fortunes." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0071.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD dissertation gathers three essays on the world distribution of wealth. The first chapter, "The Missing Wealth of Nations: Are Europe and the U. S. Net Debtors or net Creditors?" attempts to measure the wealth held by rich individuals in offshore tax havens, using unique Swiss statistics and systematic anomalies in the international investment data of countries. The main finding is that about 8\% of the world's financial wealth of households is he Id offshore, of which at least three-quarters go unrecorded in the official data. Accounting for this missing wealth can turn the world's second largest net debtor, the Eurozone, into a net creditor, and significantly improves the net position of the world's largest net debtor, the U. S. The second chapter, "The End of Bank Secrecy? An Evaluation of the G20 Tax Haven Crackdown", written with Niels Johannesen, investigates whether recent policy initiatives aimed at curbing tax evasion has been effective. In the aftermath of the financial crisis, G20 countries compelled tax havens to sign bilateral tax treaties providing for the exchange of bank information upon request. Based on a rich dataset from the Bank for International Settlements, the chapter shows that the signature of treaties has not provoked any substantial repatriation of wealth onshore but so far has led to a relocation of offshore fortunes to the benefit of the least compliant tax havens. The last chapter, "Capital is Back: Wealth-Income Ratios in Rich Countries, 1700-2010", written with Thomas Piketty, attempts to document and explain the long run evolution of aggregate wealth to income ratios
Davalos, Aguilar Pablo. "La "révolution silencieuse" de la Banque Mondiale et du FMI, et le « Buen Vivir » : essais critiques sur le développement." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAE009/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe crisis of the Latin American external debt of the eighties meant the change of the model of industrialization by substitution of imports towards a model of sustained development in the liberalization of the economy. The transition was triggered by IMF macroeconomic adjustment and stabilization policies. These measures were continued, consolidated and deepened by the World Bank and International Development Cooperation, through structural reforms that brought about changes in the State and society. This generated social unrest that was expressed in mobilizations, claims and rejections in almost all countries in the region. These social mobilizations against neoliberal structural adjustment and reform gave rise to new political discourses. One of them is the Good Living (Buen Vivir), that was incorporated into the Political Constitution of Ecuador and Bolivia in 2008. Buen Vivir collects the demands for a model of friendly, supportive development, friendly to nature and in which the fundamental rights of human beings, including the right to radical difference, are respected. The discourse of Good Living reflects the criticisms of development made by post-development and decline, and integrates them into a new dimension, which refers to otherness in the economy
Gonzalez, Mary Lisbeth. "Développement et démocratie participative : le programme du PNUD et de la Banque mondiale de l'eau et d'assainissement en Bolivie." Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030102.
Повний текст джерелаMultilateral organizations such as the UNDP and the world bank are, in principle, organizations positioned to allocate resources and structuring possibilities to promote innovations in participation, accountability and good governance. The objective of this work is to study the interplay between governments and international organisations. It seeks to determine the way these organizations define and strategically link the terms of participation, accountability and good governance. To examine such an interplay this work takes as a case of study an operational activity implemented together by the UNDP and the world bank : the water and sanitation programme the purpose is to examine its participatory strategy to promote the development of a specific sector, water and sanitation, in a specific country, Bolivia. While examining such an interplay this work aims at analyzing how the programme implements activities to enable the objectives of participation. The hypothesis is that these organizations could better achieve such objectives if programmes and projects (operational activities) are designed embracing an integral development approach. The conclusions of this study show that a well-structured operational activity must go beyond the proper articulation of objectives, activities, expected results and beyond the design of an implementation strategy. An operational activity must be conceived as a part of an integral development strategy. The objective is not only to increase some social and economic indicators and/or to ameliorate poverty rates. The purpose is to design each single operational activity preparing people for development, while grounding participatory democracy within civil society and government institutions. This work moves back and forth among three levels of analysis. One is the programme itself and us implementation in bolivia. The second level of analysis is the bolivian sociopolitical context. The empirical laboratory is provided by this country that in a specific historical moment unplemented reforms to move from a formal democracy to a more participatory democracy. Between these two levels of analysis, there is an intermediate level that examines the connection between the programme and the bolivian sociopolitical context
Bénicourt, Emmanuelle. "Les analyses du PNUD et de la Banque mondiale sur la pauvreté et le développement : la place d'Amartya Sen." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0089.
Повний текст джерелаThe first two chapters study the analysis and the poverty eradication policies of the UNDP and the World Bank. Chapter III studies the references they make to Amartya Sen (conceptual similarity and explicit references). Then, we study the capability approach : chapter IV studies the economic analysis underying this approach, chapter V examines its ethical dimension. We show that the approach is not operational -which leads to a gap between the theoretical system and the concrete applications and/or policy recommendations that should follow. This same observation is made on democracy - about which the UNDP and World Bank explicitly refer to Sen. We conclude that Sen is not an author that proposes an alternative view of development to that of international organisations : their economic and political analyses are very similar
Dreyfus, Jean-Marc. "L'aryanisation économique des banques : la confiscation des banques "juives" en France sous l'occupation et leur restitution à la libération, 1940-1952." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010628.
Повний текст джерелаLima, Claudia Gonçalves de. "Educação Superior no Brasil no limiar do Século XXI." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2011. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/22710.
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O presente trabalho tem como objeto de análise a reestruturação da educação superior no Brasil com base na década de 1990, articulada às orientações dos organismos multilaterais, particularmente, definida e organizada pelo Banco Mundial para os países de capitalismo periférico. Para isso, circunscreve-se esse processo no âmbito da crise estrutural do capitalismo mundial e da reforma do Estado brasileiro. Para a periferia do capitalismo, tornava-se imperioso “enxugar” o Estado, transferindo responsabilidades públicas para a iniciativa privada. A pluralidade e a diversidade dos interesses globais do capital afetado pela crise estrutural que atinge o modo de produção capitalista há mais de duas décadas formam o quadro sócio político da virada neoliberal disseminada em extensão planetária. Isto significou: redução do tamanho do Estado e soberania do mercado auto-regulável com exacerbação da mercantilização de produtos e serviços produzidos de forma capitalista. No que diz respeito à falência da política pública, no caso que aqui interessa analisar, o da educação superior, vê-se que a minimização do Estado conduz a uma diversificação/diferenciação das Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) que atendem principalmente aos interesses/necessidades de extensão da produção capitalista de mercadoria. Assim, com a análise empreendida neste trabalho, vê-se a reforma do Estado brasileiro, implementada, particularmente, a partir de 1995 pelo governo do Presidente Fernando Henrique Cardoso, e, para o que aqui interessa, a reestruturação da educação superior e a mudança na produção da ciência brasileira, como uma intervenção consentida e realizada pelas autoridades educacionais, orientadas pelas agências multilaterais, no contexto do neoliberalismo dos anos 1990, direcionadas por uma razão instrumental, que se constitui no epicentro da mercantilização do trabalho, em geral, e, em particular, da esfera educacional em seu nível superior. Expressando ainda, de outra maneira, o que está em jogo é a imposição de uma racionalidade instrumental à universidade, materializada na gestão empresarial e na ideologia da eficiência, competitividade e produtividade. O que se viu foi à transformação do Estado em um Estado forte para o capital e mínimo para ao menos atenuar a profunda crise social que ora se vivencia. Apesar desse quadro, o governo que se inicia a partir de 2003, com o Presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva interrompe esse ciclo, e promove uma mudança de rumos que altera à lógica ditada anteriormente e recupera a Universidade como bem público de interesse social e promove a maior expansão das Universidades Federais de toda a historiografia brasileira.
Ce travail de recherche a pour objet d’analyse la restructuration de l’éducation supérieure au Brésil ayant comme référence les anées 1990, articulé avec les orientations des organismes muitilaterals, particulierement définies et organisés par la Banque Mondiale pour les pays de capitalisme périphérique. Ainsi, ce processus se restreint à l’étendue de la crise structurale du capitalisme mondial et de la réforme de l’État brésilien. Pour la périphérie du capitalisme se fait impératif apaiser les dépenses de l’État délivrant la resposabilité publique à l’initiative privée. La pluralité et la diversité des intérêts globals du capital affecté par la crise structurale qui atteint le moyen de production capitaliste depuis plus de deux décenies assemblent le cadre socio-politique de l’évolution néolibérale répandue dans l’échelle mondiale. Par conséquent cela a signifié : la réduction de la taille de l’État et la souveraineté du marché autorégulé avec l’abus de la marchandisation de produits et services réalisés par les régles capitalistes. En ce qui concerne la faillite de la politique publique de l’éducation supérieure, ce qui nos intéresse analyser dans ce travail, on voit que la réduction de l’État amène à une diversification/différenciation des Instituitions d’Enseignement Supérieur (IES) qui servent surtout aux intérêts/besoins d’extension de la production capitaliste de marchandise. Donc, grâce aux analyses faites, on apperçoit la réforme de l’État brésilien établit particulièrement à partir de 1995 sous le gouvernement du Président Fernando Henrique Cardoso, et ce qui nos interesse ici, la restructuration de l’éducation supérieure et le changement de la production scientifique brésilienne comme une intervention accordée et menée par les autorités éducationnels, orienté par les agences multilaterales dans le contexte du néolibéralisme des années 1990, acheminée par une raison instrumentale qui s’assure dans l’épicentre de la marchandisation du travail en général, et en particulier dans le cadre éducationnel sur son niveau supérieur. Disons que, ce qui est en jeu concerne l’imposition d’une rationalisation instrumentale à l’université, matérialisé dans la gestion d’entreprises et dans l’idéologie de la performance, de la compétitivité et de la productitivité. Ce que l’on a apperçu montre la transformation de l’État vers un État fort pour le capital et faible à l’égard d’une atténuation de la crise sociale vecue à présent. Malgré ce panorama, le gouvernement qui commence en 2003 avec le Président Luis Inácio Lula da Silva met en terme ce cycle et promouvoit un changement de voie qui bouleverse la logique précédente et récupère l’université comme bien publique d’intérêt social et s’avance dans la plus grande expansion des Universités Fédérales, fait jamais connu dans l’historiographie brésilienne.
Nunes, Chaib André. "Institutionalisation de l'économie mondiale : une étude sur le droit applicable aux institutions financières internationales." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D086.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis deals with how international economic organizations, more specifically the universal international financial institutions, the IMF and the World bank, establish the content and form of their spaces of legality, the treatment of this tension is fundamental. Generally, for spaces of legality, this study means all action that, in one way or another,fall under the scope whatever the organization sees as being law, be it international or national. The turn to institutions does not begin with the League of Nations and the international Labor Organization,at the beginningof the 20th century, but well before, with the recognition of a variety of other institutionsthat, even though are not organizations, administrations or courts,will give shape to what is now called international law. What distinguishes the nature of such institutions is the process by which they are created and the finality attributed to them. In this respect, treaties, customs, international organizations, although created in differents ways, are all part of the process of instituionalization of international law. The recognition of different institutions as crucial stone to the formation and consolidation of the international social spaces invokes a question of definition which is both fundamental and problematic for inernational law : what is an institution for international law ? This is the fundamental question to which this introduction hopes to provide an answer. Such an answer will serve as a determinant guideline for the whole study. For the analysis of the main issues addressed by this study,that is, of how the spaces of legality of international financial institutions - the IMF and the World bank - are created depends mainly on the distinction one makes between that IOs as organizations and IOs as institutions of the international social space. Such a study must then consider the examination of what has led the field of international law, specifically concerned with the world econonomy, to become not only inceasingly institutionalized, but also organised. In other words, there has to be an analysis on the one hand of a process of institionalizing the field of international law concerned with the world economy, and on the other hand, the way by which individual institutions created during this process also aid in organizing the field, circumscribing the the social order under sructured authorities. This study is divided into two parts, eache containing two chapters. The first part looks and focuses on the process of formation and institutionalization of what is now called "international economic law". Inconsidering the development of different branches (commercial, financial, monetary), this works aims at identifying the conditions under which conventional forms of action and activities in these fields have become social institutions such as law and more specifically international law. This works examines : (1) the extent to which the norms of public international lawmaking up this international economic law impact the action of public organizations ; (2) to what extent these organizations are attached to or distanced themselves from this international law accordind to their position in the field ; (3) in what ways do these organizations have a more significant impact on the development of this field through self-regulation (the creation of other normative types outside the typical positivist rules (Articles 38, of ICJ statute)) and (4) which role can play the norms of public international law outside this field of international economic law on the action of these organizations
Fortes, Georges. "Securite alimentaire et action internationale : le cas des palop (angola, cap-vert), guinee-bissau, mozambique, sao tome et principe)." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA111002.
Повний текст джерелаDugain, Nazhia. "L'évolution des politiques d'aide internationale du Groupe de la Banque Mondiale lors des crises économiques : le cas de l'Argentine et de l'Uruguay." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26991/26991.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаNtolo, Bekoa Martine Nadège. "Banque mondiale et droit au développement des pays d'Afrique subsaharienne : l'impact des programmes mis en oeuvre au Bénin, au Cameroun et au Togo." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO30081/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe poverty is a phenomenon which touches all the continents and more particularly Africa. It affects especially the populations of countries under developed. In spite of the fight of these last ones after the second world war in favour of the establishment of a new international economic order which would ensure their right for the development, the forces is to notice that the question of the fight against the poverty is still of current events. The World Bank is one of the central actors who accompany the African countries, among others, to realize their socioeconomic development through the application of projects and programs of development. However, the recognition of the right for the development and of its principles by the World Bank did not take place without hesitation at the beginning. It is only from 1990s and more still at the beginning of 2000s with the Objectives of the Millennium for the Development, that the institution changed its vision of the development, widens its objectives, adopts new policies and poses of news conditions of granting of its respectful financing of the principles or the requirements of the Declaration of the right for the development.This change translates the failure of the policies applied by the World Bank in sub-Saharan Africa before 1990s. What were these policies? The institutional, ideological evolution of the institution and does its new conditionality contribute to ensure a more positive impact of the projects or the development programs in Africa generally, and more particularly in Benin, in Cameroon and in Togo? Does the decentralization of the skills and the attributions of the State, in most of the countries of sub-Saharan Africa in favour of local authorities, constitute a limit more favorable to the realization of the law for the development?
Leterme, Cédric. "Hégémonie et recontextualisation discursives du néolibéralisme :Analyse lexicométrique de 40 ans de rapports annuels de l’OCDE, de la Banque mondiale et de l’OIT." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/244588.
Повний текст джерелаDoctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
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Cussó, Roser. "La démographie dans le modèle de développement de la Banque mondiale : entre la recherche, le contrôle de la population et les politiques néolibérales." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0113.
Повний текст джерелаGOBA, MODESTE ST C. "Les accords de cooperation entre la banque mondiale et les pays de l'afrique au sud du sahara : le cas de la cote d'ivoire." Paris 11, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA111004.
Повний текст джерелаThe world bank in its action for development is interested in helping african countries in the south of sahara, where now days, development problems are very important. So, many mecanisms are set to take into consideration the development level of those countries. On the legal field, this convenient introduce a standard dualism for countires which, in classic law are considered as equal. The agreements which are the basic instruments into those relations, contain the same obligations for all borrower. These obligations and their effects, show the world bank overpower, and are blamed by all borrowers
Klein, Ewan. "Les Politiques urbaines dans les pays en voie de développement et le rôle de la banque mondiale l'exemple de la République de Côte d'Ivoire /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376173619.
Повний текст джерелаCerqua, Anthony. "Les orientations pédagogiques des organisations internationales en matière de formation à l'enseignement : analyse des discours de l'UNESCO, de l'OCDE et de la Banque mondiale." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26210.
Повний текст джерелаThis dissertation follows from a body of work that examines the use of scientific research evidence in national education policy making. Its originality lies in the fact that it tackles this issue at a level yet to be explored, i.e., the global level. At that level, international organizations play the role of intermediaries between knowledge production and decision-making arenas. The nature and foundations of their recommendations therefore need to be examined carefully. More specifically, and given that improving the quality of teachers has become an “absolute priority” in national and international policies (UNESCO, 2014), this doctoral research describes and analyzes the nature and foundations of the pedagogical orientations put forward by three of the most influential international organizations in the education sector: UNESCO, the Organization for economic cooperation and development (OECD), and the World Bank. Two types of data were exploited to this end. The first and main type consists of reports published by these organizations on improving teacher quality and teacher education (N = 117). The second type of data was generated through structured interviews with individuals (N = 15) working for the three organizations and involved in programs or projects targeting teachers and their training. The results of the analyses show that UNESCO, OECD and the World Bank seldom us scientific research evidence on teaching effectiveness. Instead, they produce a basic pedagogic discourse in favor of “(socio)-constructivist”, also called learner-centered, approaches. They are thus caught between the desire to improve teacher quality and the principles of a pedagogic stance that rejects the existence of exemplary practices; and, as a result, find themselves in an impasse.
Paulais, Thierry. "Les politiques urbaines dans les pays en voie de développement et le rôle de la banque mondiale : l'exemple de la République de Côte d'Ivoire." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100126.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of the thesis is to examine in a specific context (Ivory Coast) the world bank's operations on the urban development field on one hand and a national urban politic on the other. The core of the study is split in three parts. Part I expounds the basis of the World Bank strategy and its constitutive elements. Part ii expounds the urban phenomenon context in Ivory Coast, the urban politic led and the urban practices noticed. Part iii surveys the setting up and implementation of the four, bank financed, urban development projects, in Ivory Coast. The above analysis brings out - as explain in a part IV - although the bank action has been of eminent authority on the urban national politics, the later leverage the first. It is reducing to tempt to report on the bank action implementing in complex power struggles. Within those power struggles, the projects implementation and appraisal are more difficult than seeming at first sight
Bahri, Hassen. "Pour en finir avec la dépolitisation : le développement international et son discours face aux pratiques locales du pouvoir." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36435.
Повний текст джерелаCoignet, Patricia Claire Marie. "La gestion de politiques publiques par les organisations internationales envers les peuples indigènes : étude du projet PRODEPINE de la Banque mondiale en Equateur (1998-2002)." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR30017.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this research is to underline the respective roles of international, national and local actors in the elaboration and execution of a development project considered like a public policy. Indeed we have chosen to study a particular public policy: the PRODEPINE development project financed by the World Bank. With the view to understand the public action, we will identify the actors which are of a very heteregenous nature : the indigenous organizations, the Ecuadorian State and the World Bank. We will analyze a series of actions and public programs of this project as well as the conditions of success and failure of the different segments : the indigenous population's struggle against poverty, the creation of an indigenous elite and also the reinforcement of their social organizations with the aim of improving their insertion in the Ecuadorian society
Hammami, Sami. "Les nouvelles orientations du FMI et de la banque mondiale en matière d'ajustement et de croissance dans les pays en développement : le cas de la Tunisie (1986-1992)." Nice, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NICE0010.
Повний текст джерелаBooth, Sylvia Maria. "Le genre, le pouvoir et les idéologies : la construction de la citoyenneté des femmes leader à Pinotepa National et le projet Generosidad (Banque Mondiale/INMUJERES) au Mexique." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030204.
Повний текст джерелаThis study aims to contribute to the debate surrounding the institutional feminist strategy of integrating gender into the development field. This strategy advocates the transformation of development discourse and practice through the integration of gender equality concerns. In this work, we examine the effectiveness and validity of this strategy as a means to achieve greater equality between men and women. Thus, we have analyzed the construction, the appropriation and the effects at the local level of a World Bank “gender” project. Institutional feminists involved in planning and implementing the Generosidad project had some flexibility in constructing the project's gender perspective discourse; and were thus able to make sure its programs followed feminist objectives, such as the democratization of gender relations in public and private spheres. The reactions of leaders at the local level who participated in a gender equality and leadership awareness-raising workshop in the city of Pinotepa Nacional show that –even in a context fraught with machismo, violence and well-defined gender roles –local men and women leaders appropriated certain ideas in order to democratize the balance of power between the genders. In so doing, they became actors in the construction of the project's gender perspective, and in reinforcing women's citizenship. We therefore concluded that the institutional feminist strategy is valid, useful and necessary, if not sufficient due to the fact that resistances encountered locally blocked the leaders' efforts for collective action
Loose, Ingo. "Kredite für NS-Verbrechen : die deutschen Kreditinstitute in Polen und die Ausraubung der polnischen und jüdischen Bevölkerung 1939-1945 /." München : R. Oldenbourg, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb413416314.
Повний текст джерелаLendrin, Helga. "Université Virtuelle Africaine : le paradoxe du processus d’industrialisation de l’enseignement supérieur en Afrique Subsaharienne." Thesis, Compiègne, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021COMP2627.
Повний текст джерелаWhy fund the deployment of a technology where, due to lack of infrastructure, it cannot physically function properly? If the objectives put forward by the World Bank, at the origin of the launch of the African Virtual University (AVU) in 1997, are to increase access to higher education in Africa coupled with economies of scale, the question arises as to what democratisation is hoped for when the means that should make it possible simply cannot function due to lack of infrastructure. This is evidenced by the failure of the AVU in economic and pedagogical terms (Loiret, 2007), in contrast to its continued development through its transformation into a pan-African intergovernmental organisation in 2002. Based on the concept of 'hypertelia' developed by Gilbert Simondon (1958) to designate the over-adaptation of a technical object in an environment unsuited to its functioning, this doctoral research proposes to understand the launch of the African Virtual University (AVU) as an anticipated introduction of ICTs and digital culture by the World Bank within traditional universities in sub-Saharan Africa, with the objective of commodising higher education. This objective is supported by the transformation of the AVU into an intergovernmental organisation which generates a myth (Barthes, 1957; Simondon, 1958) characterised by the separation of a primary form from its ideological background, which, thus liberated, can be attached to other forms, articulated to other backgrounds, and become a general trend. The AVU thus acquires a reason to be : to constitute a mythical form capable of conveying concepts that are transformed into tendencies in the form of structures
Wane, Abdoulaye. "Risque, danger de sinistre et sinistre dans un programme international pour le développement : enjeux stratégiques et intérêts spécifiques autour d'un projet de réforme institutionnelle au Sénégal." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0098.
Повний текст джерелаWe want, in this Ph. D dissertation, to give rise to the process of social construction of the risk in the international co-operation for development. Our approach consists, while going from the analysis of the World Bank as an institution (social category, culture, speech, approach, management of intercultural) towards the operation (the project "Trade reform and competitiveness" on the ground), progressively to draw up a cartography of the "locations" of production of the danger of loss which influence in the project. The loss, it is the mechanism by which the project tends towards a disconnection of its objectives in relation to the field reality. The cartography of the risk is based on two aspects of the production of the danger of loss. Initially, there are two "departures of fires" which combined lead to the loss. On a side there is the problem of the management of intercultural within a mixed team and other there are the reactions to the perceived risk/with the feeling of danger
Shajari, Parastoo. "Ajustement avec croissance : les enseignements du modèle intégré FMI-Banque mondiale en matière de politique économique dans le cas de quelques pays de la région MENA et de la Méditerranée." Nice, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NICE0005.
Повний текст джерелаThe IMF and the World Bank began the implementation of structural adjustment programs in 80s to help countries affected by economic crises and achieve objectives such as restoration of balance of payments, controlling inflation and growth. The aim of this thesis is to study the method of macroeconomic analysis which accentuate on the programs advocated by the IMF and the World Bank from the model known as the "Integrated Model IMF-World Bank". The purpose of this research is to make a comprehensive assessment of the applicability of this model to analyse the performance of adjustment programs in the case of six countries in the Mediterranean and MENA region, namely, Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Morocco, Tunisia and Turkey during the 1974-2004 period. Then we analyze the effects of the different policies on the different targets variables
Zoundi, Lagi. "Analyse comparative des politiques des institutions internationales relatives à la promotion de l'éducation des filles dans les pays en développement : le cas de l'Unicef, de la Banque Mondiale et de l'Unesco." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25187/25187.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSANTOS, VALLE JOSE LORENZO. ""la dette du tiers-monde (le cas de l'amerique latine) et les banques multinationales dans le cadre de l'economie mondiale, 1970-1993. Une histoire pas encore finie"." Amiens, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AMIE0002.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis is composed of fours chapters. The first chapter presents a general outline of the evolution of the international monetary and financial system at the beginning of the post-war period, during the 1950s-1970s. It shows how an international dynamic of endebtness wass created, firstly from the international organisations of credit and secondly from the banks of developped capitalist countries. The second chapter examines the high exterior endebtness of the under-developped countries during the 1970s, presenting the role played by the different economic agents that participated : creditors and debtors. The way the multinational private banks acted is particularly analysed. At the end of that period that is at the beginning of the 1980s (more precisely on august 1982), the process of endebted ness of the third world exploses brutally. The analysis of this phenomenon constitutes the subject of the third chapter. The fourth chapter presents the way that the post-crisis of the debt was managed, particularly by the creditors (governments, private banks and international organisations of credit) according to new banking and financial strategies at the international level. The conclusions obtained are not very optimists concerning a return to an equilibrated and maintained growth of the latin-american economies
Fleury, José Anselmo Curado. "A política agrícola do Banco Mundial e o direito ao desenvolvimento." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/6413.
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Cette thèse vise à l'analyse de la politique agricole de la Banque du point de vue du droit au développement. Le travail est guidé à partir de la question de savoir si le but ultime de cette politique est de réduire la pauvreté dans la campagne, comme il est dit explicitement par la Banque mondiale, ou il est un outil rhétorique pour la mise en oeuvre d'un modèle économique aligné au capital international. Il est prévu, à travers l'analyse comparative du discours de la Banque mondiale avec les lignes directrices énoncées dans la résolution 41/128 de l'Assemblée générale des Nations Unies sur le droit au développement, en soulignant les contradictions qui révèlent une teneur libérale ne sont pas expressément reconnue au moment de la formulation de cette politique. Le but de ce travail est de souligner l'incongruité méthodologique de la politique agricole de la Banque, en introduisant des lignes directrices et des mesures qui sont incompatibles avec l'objectif de réduction de la pauvreté, avant d'être la dissimulation d'une politique libéralisation visant à transformer la terre en une marchandise, fournissant la base pour la libre circulation des capitaux dans la campagne.
Esta dissertação tem por objeto a análise da política agrícola do Banco Mundial a partir da perspectiva sobre o Direito ao Desenvolvimento. O trabalho orienta-se a partir da dúvida sobre se o objetivo último dessa política é a redução da pobreza no campo, como afirmado explicitamente pelo Banco Mundial, ou se trata de uma ferramenta retórica para implementação de um modelo econômico alinhado ao capital internacional. Pretende-se, através da análise comparativa do discurso do Banco Mundial com as diretrizes expostas na Resolução 41/128 da Assembleia Geral da ONU sobre o Direito ao Desenvolvimento, apontar contradições que revelam um conteúdo liberal não expressamente reconhecido no momento de formulação dessa política. A proposta deste trabalho é apontar a incongruência metodológica da política agrícola do Banco Mundial, ao apresentar diretrizes e ações que não se coadunam com o objetivo de redução da pobreza, sendo antes a dissimulação de uma política liberalizante que visa a transformação da terra em mercadoria, propiciando as bases para a livre circulação de capital na zona rural.
Xu, Lin. "Le droit des marchés publics en Chine : contribution au droit international." Nice, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NICE0017.
Повний текст джерелаThe sector of Chinese public markets has for a long time been considered a sanctuary, protected from any foreign incursion. Today, in order to respond to the demands of globalization, under the influence of international institutions such as the World Trade Organization, the World Bank or the International Monetary Fund, this sector is progressively transforming itself. Following China's membership of the WTO, two laws foreshadowing a future code of the Chinese public markets have been announced to address this. With respect to the stakes at play with such an openness, as much on the economic scale as political, the importance of a legal analysis of this mutation is naturally essential