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1
Ting, Chui Huon Tina. "The behaviour of axially loaded cold-formed steel back-to-back C-channel built-up columns." Thesis, Curtin University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1779.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cold-formed steel built-up section is a preferred economical solution for buildings when a single section is insufficient. However, there are no comprehensive guidelines for the design of these sections. This project investigates the behaviour of axially-loaded cold-formed steel built-up columns through theoretical analysis, finite element modelling, and experimental studies. The results show that current design guidelines predict the built-up columns' capacity conservatively. An improved design method, TReM, is proposed.
2
Glang, Nele. "Back Channel Diplomacy and the Sino-German relationship, 1939-1945." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6957/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This dissertation employs a combination of diplomatic and intelligence history to challenge established narratives about the relations between Nationalist China and the Third Reich during WWII. This approach allows for the exploration of how Chiang Kai-shek’s wartime diplomacy influenced Chinese foreign policy in regards to the Axis Powers. Archival documents reveal that in the fight for China’s survival pragmatism, rather than ideology, was the most important force behind Chiang Kai-shek’s foreign policy strategy. As earlier research has shown, Republican Chinese foreign policy had many pragmatic traits, and in this project it becomes evident that diplomatic communication was maintained by Chiang Kai-shek with as many countries as possible. This foreign policy approach was influenced by the experience of having unreliable allies throughout the 1920s and 1930s. This approach resulted in the maintenance of communication with Germany, even beyond the crucial official break in diplomatic relations between the two countries in July 1941. This project explores how clandestine back channels emerged as the preferred tool for fostering Sino-German relations, and how these back channels continued from 1942 until 1945 in Switzerland. Special envoys with intelligence links, appointed by Chiang Kai-shek, conversed with representatives of the German party intelligence service, the RSHA, and with the German Resistance movement of 20 July 1944. These back channels reflected Chiang Kai-shek’s pragmatic foreign policy, and these connections subsequently contributed to the difficulties that arose between the Western Allies and China at the end of the war.
3
Matsubara, Shigeki, Tomohiro Ohno, and Yuki Kamiya. "Coherent Back-Channel Feedback Tagging of In-Car Spoken Dialogue Corpus." ACL(Association for computational linguistics), 2010. http://aclweb.org/anthology/.
Повний текст джерела
4
王妍 and Yan Yeon Wang. "Historical montage: renovation of warehouses in back channel of Pearl River." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47544296.
Повний текст джерела
5
Kretschmer, Mathias Raimund Otto. "Integration of unidirectional technologies into wireless back-haul architecture." Thesis, Brunel University, 2012. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6574.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Back-haul infrastructures of today's wireless operators must support the triple-play services demanded by the market or regulatory bodies. To cope with increasing capacity demand, the EU FP7 project CARMEN has developed a cost-effective heterogeneous multi-radio wireless back-haul architecture, which may also leverage the native multicast capabilities of broadcast technologies such as DVB-T to off-load high-bandwidth broadcast content delivery. However, the integration of such unidirectional technologies into a packet-switched architecture requires careful considerations. The contribution of this thesis is the investigation, design and evaluation of protocols and mechanisms facilitating the integration of such unidirectional technologies into the wireless back-haul architecture so that they can be configured and utilized by the spectrum and capacity optimization modules. This integration mainly concerns the control plane and, in particular, the aspects related to resource and capability descriptions, neighborhood, link and Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) Label-Switched Path (LSP) monitoring, unicast and multicast LSP signalling as well as topology forming and maintenance. During the course of this study we have analyzed the problem space, proposed solutions to the resulting research questions and evaluated our approach. Our results show that the now Unidirectional Technology (UDT)-aware architecture can readily consider Unidirectional Technologies (UDTs) to distribute, for example, broadcast content.
6
Ponzo, Lucia. "Il back channel Kissinger/Dobrynin (1969-1972): prove di normalizzazione tra le due superpotenze." Doctoral thesis, Luiss Guido Carli, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11385/204278.
Повний текст джерела
7
Gyimesi-Varga, Petra Julia <1994>. "Back-channel negotiations: a comparative analysis of the Oslo- and the Northern Ireland Peace Processes." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/15472.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis examines back-channel negotiations emphasizing the role of secrecy in international negotiations of conflict resolution. In first place I discuss the phenomenon of secret diplomacy. Secret diplomacy is examined through a historical overview focusing on its evolution and the related contemporary challenges that it must face. In secret diplomacy a frequently employed method is back-channel negotiation. By definition back-channel negotiations are negotiations performed in secret between two or more conflicting parties with the purpose to solve a dispute. In general decision-makers decide to engage in covert communication channel in order to reach breakthrough agreements in cases of serious, often ongoing conflicts. Back-Channel negotiation cases are examined via comparative approach on the basis of academic studies and articles. Following the analysis conducted on a case by case basis, comparison is drawn between the recent cases of back-channels operated during the Oslo Peace Process and the Northern Ireland Peace Process. The research aims to find answer to the following question: how does back-channel shape peace processes? Accordingly, the research is focused on the balance between the practical advantages and disadvantages arisen from the utilization of back-channel.
8
Radaciova, Romana, and Alexandra Klacanova. "To try on or send back? Shopping in post-pandemic times : Exploratory study of pandemic effects on consumer behaviour." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184366.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As the pandemic of COVID-19 is still affecting peoples’ lives in various ways, it is not surprising that it affects consumer behaviour as well. This paper focuses on the changes in consumer behaviour, more specifically on the changes in consumer shopping channel preferences due to the pandemic. Furthermore, it was of interest whether these changes are likely to be long-term, and influence consumer shopping behaviour in the corona-free future. To answer the research question: “How did the pandemic affect consumers’ preferred shopping channels, and are those changes long-term?” a qualitative study was conducted. The study consisted of ten interviews, five of which were with consumers who spent most of the pandemic in Sweden, and five with respondents who spent most of the pandemic in Slovakia. This way, the study compares the responses and thus changes in consumer shopping behaviour and channel preferences of consumers who have experienced different levels of restrictions and recommendations as a response to the pandemic. Indeed, Slovakia’s response to the corona pandemic was much more severe and included much more, longer-lasting, restrictions affecting/restricting consumer shopping. The study showed that despite the countries adopting very different responses to the pandemic, the consumers changed their shopping behaviour in a rather similar way. Most of the respondents stated that they started shopping less due to the pandemic and that they shopped more online. The main reasons for these developments were (1) reduced need for new clothing during the corona pandemic, (2) stores being closed, and/or (3) consumers trying to reduce their contact with others and keep their distance. However, when asked whether these changes in their behaviour are going to persist into the far future, the responses differed. A portion of respondents stated they will continue to shop online more than prior to the pandemic, while still shopping in traditional, offline, stores as well. Some other respondents, however, stated that they will return to in-store shopping as soon as possible. From these findings, it is clear that shopping for clothes via offline channels will still be important and preferred by many, despite the rise of technologies and online shopping possibilities. The study contributes to the literature on the corona pandemic and its effects on consumer behaviour, the field of consumer behaviour in general, consumer shopping channel preferences, channel switching intentions, omnichannel literature, and the online shopping literature.
9
Zadnik, Andrew Karl. "Wildlife use and habitat quality of back channel areas associated with islands on the Ohio River, West Virginia." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2003. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2898.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2003.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 131 p. : col. ill., col. maps. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
10
Arabi, Mohamed. "Improving fairness and utilisation in ad hoc networks." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1167.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Ad hoc networks represent the current de-facto alternative for infrastructure-less environments, due to their self-configuring and resilience characteristics. Ad hoc networks flexibility benefits, such as unrestrained computing, lack of centralisation, and ease of deployment at low costs, are tightly bound with relevant deficiencies such as limited resources and management difficulty. Ad hoc networks witnessed high attention from the research community due to the numerous challenges faced when deploying such a technology in real scenarios. Starting with the nature of the wireless environment, which raises significant transmission issues when compared with the wired counterpart, ad hoc networks require a different approach when addressing the data link problems. Further, the high packet loss due to wireless contention, independent of network congestion, requires a different approach when considering quality of service degradation and unfair channel resources distribution among competing flows. Although these issues have already been considered to some extent by researchers, there is still room to improve quality of service by reducing the effect of packet loss and fairly distributing the medium access among competing nodes. The aim of this thesis is to propose a set of mechanisms to alleviate the effect of packet loss and to improve fairness in ad hoc networks. A transport layer algorithm has been proposed to overcome the effects of hidden node collisions and to reduce the impact of wireless link contention by estimating the four hop delay and pacing packet transmissions accordingly. Furthermore, certain topologies have been identified, in which the standard IEEE 802.11 faces degradation in channel utilisation and unfair bandwidth allocation. Three link layer mechanisms have been proposed to tackle the challenges the IEEE 802.11 faces in the identified scenarios to impose fairness in ad hoc networks through fairly distributing channel resources between competing nodes. These mechanisms are based on monitoring the collision rate and penalising the greedy nodes where no competing nodes can be detected but interference exists, monitoring traffic at source nodes to police access to the channel where only source nodes are within transmission range of each other, and using MAC layer acknowledgements to flag unfair bandwidth allocation in topologies where only the receivers are within transmission range of each other. The proposed mechanisms have been integrated into a framework designed to adapt and to dynamically select which mechanism to adopt, depending on the network topology. It is important to note that the proposed mechanisms and framework are not alternatives to the standard MAC protocol but are an enhancement and are triggered by the failure of the IEEE 802.11 protocol to distribute the channel resources fairly. All the proposed mechanisms have been validated through simulations and the results obtained from the experiments show that the proposed schemes fairly distribute channel resources fairly and outperform the performance of the IEEE 802.11 protocol in terms of channel utilisation as well as fairness.
11
Williamson, Graham. "Instructor-trainee conversation in Adult Training Centre for people with learning disabilities : an analysis of the function and distribution of back channel tokens and personal names." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261240.
Повний текст джерела
12
Davies, Llewellyn Willis. "‘LOOK’ AND LOOK BACK: Using an auto/biographical lens to study the Australian documentary film industry, 1970 - 2010." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/154339.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
While much has been written on the Australian film and television
industry, little has been presented by actual producers,
filmmakers and technicians of their time and experiences within
that same industry. Similarly, with historical documentaries, it
has been academics rather than filmmakers who have led the
debate. This thesis addresses this shortcoming and bridges the
gap between practitioner experience and intellectual discussion,
synthesising the debate and providing an important contribution
from a filmmaker-academic, in its own way unique and insightful.
The thesis is presented in two voices. First, my voice, the
voice of memoir and recollected experience of my screen
adventures over 38 years within the Australian industry, mainly
producing historical documentaries for the ABC and the SBS. This
is represented in italics. The second half and the alternate
chapters provide the industry framework in which I worked with
particular emphasis on documentaries and how this evolved and
developed over a 40-year period, from 1970 to 2010.
Within these two voices are three layers against which this
history is reviewed and presented. Forming the base of the
pyramid is the broad Australian film industry made up of feature
films, documentary, television drama, animation and other types
and styles of production. Above this is the genre documentary
within this broad industry, and making up the small top tip of
the pyramid, the sub-genre of historical documentary. These form
the vertical structure within which industry issues are
discussed. Threading through it are the duel determinants of
production: ‘the market’ and ‘funding’.
Underpinning the industry is the involvement of government, both
state and federal, forming the three dimensional matrix for the
thesis. For over 100 years the Australian film industry has
depended on government support through subsidy, funding
mechanisms, development assistance, broadcast policy and
legislative provisions.
This thesis aims to weave together these industry layers, binding
them with the determinants of the market and funding, and
immersing them beneath layers of government legislation and
policy to present a new view of the Australian film industry.
13
Soto, Paul Eduardo. "Essays on the bank lending channel." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/659085.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis contributes to the understanding of how banks shift their supply of credit when confronted with uncertainty, regulatory supervision and macroprudential policies. The first chapter proposes a new index to detect the idiosyncratic uncertainty banks face at the bank-quarter level. I use machine learning and natural language processing on speeches made by bank management during quarterly earnings conference calls to develop the new measure. I find that higher uncertainty is associated with lower lending the next quarter and higher liquidity, suggesting active management of uncertainty. The second chapter explores how banks respond to supervision by window-dressing their balance sheets. In preparation for Europe’s 2014 Asset Quality Review (AQR), reviewed banks decreased their share of riskier securities and loans. After the AQR, banks reloaded riskier securities onto their balance sheets, but not riskier credit. In the third chapter, I study how the introduction of capital controls in Colombia affected domestic credit. The results point to complementarities in credit supply between domestic and foreign credit.Esta tesis estudia los cambios en la oferta de crédito de los bancos cuando se enfrentan a incertidumbre, supervisión regulatoria y políticas macroprudenciales. El primer capítulo propone un nuevo índice para detectar la incertidumbre idiosincrática de los bancos a nivel trimestral. Para desarrollar la nueva medida, utilizo técnicas de aprendizaje de máquinas y procesamiento del lenguaje natural sobre los discursos trimestrales hechos por la gerencia de cada banco. Encuentro que una mayor incertidumbre está asociada con un menor préstamo el próximo trimestre y una mayor liquidez, lo que sugiere un manejo activo de la incertidumbre. El segundo capítulo explora cómo los bancos responden a la supervisión maquillando sus balances. En preparación para la revisión de calidad de activos (AQR) de 2014 en Europa, los bancos revisados redujeron su participación en bonos y préstamos riesgosos. Después del AQR, los bancos volvieron a adquirir bonos más riesgosos en sus balances, pero no créditos más arriesgados. En el tercer capítulo, estudio cómo la introducción de controles de capital en Colombia afectó el crédito doméstico. Los resultados apuntan a complementariedades entre la oferta de crédito domestico y externo.
14
Barney, Keiko Moriyama. "Identifying and Understanding the Difference Between Japanese and English when Giving Walking Directions." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4427.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In order to better identify and understand the differences between Japanese and English, the task of giving walking directions was used. Japanese and American public facilities (10 each) were randomly chosen from which to collect data over the phone in order to examine these differences based on the following five communication styles: 1) politeness, 2) indirectness, 3) self-effacement, 4) back-channel feedback (Aizuchi), 5) and other linguistic and cognitive differences in relation to space and giving directions. The study confirmed what the author reviewed in the literature: Japanese are more polite, English speakers tend to give directions simply and precisely, Japanese prefer pictorial information and most Americans prefer linguistic information, Japanese is a topic-oriented language and also an addressee-oriented language. The information revealed from this study will help Japanese learners develop important skills needed for developing proficiency in the target language and also teach important differences between the two languages.
15
Bajec, Luka. "Three essays on the bank lending channel /." kostenfrei, 2008. http://www.opus-bayern.de/uni-passau/volltexte/2009/1282/.
Повний текст джерела
16
Golodniuk, Inna. "Evidence on the bank lending channel in Ukraine /." Burnaby B.C. : Simon Fraser University, 2005. http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/1892/2022.
Повний текст джерела
17
Bedikanli, Mervan. "Investigating the existence of a bank lending channel in Sweden." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-182022.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper uses quarterly Swedish bank-level data from 1999 to 2019 in an attempt to study the existence of a bank lending channel in Sweden. The bank lending channel is concerned with the role of credit in an economy, where it is argued that monetary policy can affect the real economy through a credit channel, in which banks shift their supply of loans to the public. The bank lending channel is hence part of the broader credit channel, where the external finance premium decides how large of an impact the bank lending channel actually has on the economy. Using a Vector Error Correction Model, the short- and long-run dynamics of the bank lending channel is observed in this paper. The paper finds statistically significant evidence for the existence of a bank lending channel in Sweden by primarily observing the Stockholm Interbank Offered Rate (STIBOR) and the supply of loans made by Swedish banks to the public. By using the Johansen test for cointegration, the paper estimates both the short- and long-run coefficients of the model. The long-run results are in line with the empirical literature, where STIBOR and real GDP are both statistically significant at the 1% level.
18
Wong, Yu-lok. "Differential changes in lumbar muscle activity and paraspinal stiffness during asymmetrical leg movement." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43572376.
Повний текст джерела
19
Malauene, Bernardino Sergio. "Environmental influences on banana shrimps of the Sofala Bank, Mozambique Channel." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15609.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Sofala Bank in the western Mozambique Channel is an essential habitat for shallow-water penaeid shrimps. It supports an important multi-sector and -species fishery, with Fenneropenaeus indicus and Metapenaeus monoceros (banana shrimp) being the two main target species. Over the past decade this valuable resource has been declining, which has been attributed to environmental changes, but no conclusive evidence has been found. This PhD thesis aims to understand the interactive roles of biophysical processes on recruitment of banana shrimps, par ticularly their larvae on the Sofala Bank. It is hypothesized that shrimp larvae can be advected offshore by passing mesoscale eddies to regions where they are unable to survive and are thus lost. In the absence of both physical and biological observations, a modelling approach is used. A high-resolution, nested, coastal, Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) of the Sofala Bank is developed. In general, the model agrees well with available observations and literature. The ROMS outputs and self-organizing map analysis indicate that the shelf circulation, structure and river plumes are strongly influenced by the highly energetic o_shore eddy activity. A biophysical, individual-based model (IBM) coupled to the ROMS was developed for early life stages of banana shrimps on the Sofala Bank. The IBM uses spawning patterns identified from analyses of both commercial and research survey data. Simulations indicate that shrimp larvae are lost offshore by entrainment in mesoscale eddies at inter- and intra-annual scales and eddies therefore are unlikely to produce a continuous declining in the catch. In contrast, these eddies induce onshore transport of larvae, promoting coastal settlement, compared with periods without eddies. Locations for simulated larval coastal settlement are identified: northern, central and southern. The roles of tides and larval diel vertical migration in influencing simulated larval settlement success was not conclusive; further research considering a selective tidal stream is needed. Simulated larvae were sensitive to low lethal temperature and river plumes. A conceptual model for the Sofala Bank circulation and another for the banana shrimps, early life history dynamics are proposed based on the results of this thesis.
20
Khosravi, Taha. "The bank lending channel : an empirical assessment of measures to stimulate bank lending in the European Union." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2018. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/75171/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis first examines the role of banks in the transmission mechanism of monetary policy by focusing on the eight European new member States of Central and Eastern Europe over the 2004-2013 period. We specifically investigate the influence of monetary policy changes on bank lending activity and if this potential influence is contingent on bank characteristics, such as banks' size, capital, liquidity, risk factor and market power. Moreover, we focus on the prospective role of banks in the monetary policy transmission mechanism in order to reveal any clear trends in banks' lending behaviour during the 2008-2011 financial crisis. Secondly, we investigate the impact of a protracted period of low monetary policy rates on loosening of banks' credit standards regarding enterprises, households and consumer loans through concentrating on the nine Eurozone countries involved since the initiation of the Euro area Bank Lending Survey in the three distinct time frames of pre- (2002Q4-2008Q3), mid- (2008Q4-2010Q4) and post- (2011Q1-2014:Q4) financial crisis. Furthermore, we test the fundamental concept of the risk taking channel by examining excessive risk-taking behaviour by banks in stressed vs. non-stressed countries of the Eurozone. In an additional analysis, the efficacy of the European Central Bank's 3 year Long-Term Refinancing Operations is evaluated in great depth in order to determine whether banks' credit standards have been softened and the degree to which demand for loans has increased. Thirdly, we explore the financing structure of bank lending constrained Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in the eleven Eurozone countries by utilising firm-level data over the period of 2009 to 2014. We estimate if bank lending constrained firms demonstrate relatively more usage or requests for alternative financing. Additionally, a comprehensive investigation is presented by unveiling the impact and determinants of various financing constraints including credit lines, bank loans, trade credit and other lending on Eurozone firms. Furthermore, the notion of discouraged borrowers originally formulated by Kon and Storey (2003) is empirically evaluated. Finally, we present the conclusion of our research by further outlining its limitations and prospective scope for future studies.
21
Fabiana, Sabatini. "Essays on Bank Lending." Doctoral thesis, Luiss Guido Carli, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11385/213735.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sovereign tensions and euro-area banks: a review. The impact of sovereign tensions on bank lending: identifying the channels at work. Collateral in bank lending during the financial crises: a borrower and a lender story.
22
Domes, Joachim. "Chancen im Generationenbanking /." Frankfurt am Main : Frankfurt School-Verl, 2009. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=018969210&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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23
Matsuura, Troy. "Stream-bank protection in narrow channel bends using 'barbs': A laboratory study." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26711.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis reports on phases 1 and 2 (Matsuura and Townsend, 2004a, 2004b, 2004c) of an ongoing laboratory study of a novel form of streambank protection structure. 'Barbs' are groin-like structures designed to protect the (usually unstable) outside-bank regions of channel bends by actively redirecting flow away from the outside-bank. These low-profile, rock-fill structures have trapezoidal-shaped cross-sections and point upstream into the direction of flow. Their overall length typically extends one-quarter way across the channel, and are comprised of 'key' and 'weir' sections. The former, which is set back into the channel bank material, slopes downwards at 1V:1.5H to meet the low-profile weir section that extends into the stream. The crest of the weir section, the 'key' end of which should not exceed the channel-forming flow level (typically taken as the 1.5-year flow event), should have a mild positive slope (<1 V:5H) towards the 'stream' end for proper operation, (USDA 1999). By disrupting near-bank velocity gradients, barbs promote sediment deposition along the eroding outside-bank region. Their presence also modifies the bend's 'helicoidal'-type flow pattern such that secondary currents, that would otherwise attack the outside-bank, are redirected towards the center of the channel. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
24
Struckell, Beth Maney. "Peeling Back the Layers of Ambidexterity in Multi-Business Firms." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1404628/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There is a dual accountability accepted by top executives of large multi-business firms (MBFs) to both consistently deliver performance in the short term and cultivate scalable opportunities for future growth, which requires that they be able to implement both evolutionary and revolutionary change. Researchers have defined this capability as organizational ambidexterity (OA) and deemed it a crucial requirement for every organization. Literature in the field of organizational ambidexterity (OA) describes the need to simultaneously orchestrate attention and activities along two dimensions of ambidexterity: exploitation and exploration. This dissertation peels back the layers in MBFs to generate a deeper understanding of OA in the MBF, by answering three research questions, using a mixed method approach-qualitative study followed by quantitative study: (1) What is an appropriate specification of OA in an MBF? (2) Are there differences in exploration and exploitation across the three levels within the MBF? and (3) Is there a relationship between exploration and exploitation and MBF performance at each of the three levels within the MBF? Qualitative Study 1 was conducted in December 2017, to investigate and confirm the appropriateness of the three-level operationalization of OA in MBFs. The data comprised eleven semi-structured interviews with senior executives that serve or have served as independent board directors (IBDs), chief executive officers (CEOs) or business unit general managers (BUGMs). The executives were able to articulate the existence of and differences in exploitation and exploration roles and activities at each of the three levels. Study 2 was conducted during June 2018, designed to test five sets of hypotheses. The study used a qualified panel of senior executives to generate a representative sample of respondents in each of three roles: IBDs, CEOs, and BUGMs. Data was collected through an online survey instrument, distributed to the panelists by Qualtrics and Centiment. Completed surveys resulted in a sample of 256 MBFs. Two separate one-way ANOVAs and Tukey post hoc means comparison tests were conducted; the results find significant differences in exploration at the board, corporate and business unit levels. Likewise, findings support statistically significant differences in exploitation at the board, corporate and business unit levels. For the third research question, exploration and exploitation were individually regressed against two measures of MBF performance, using IBM SPSS 25 software. At each of the three levels (board, corporate and business unit), statistically significant relationships were found between at least one of the ambidexterity dimensions and MBF performance, providing partial support of the hypotheses.
25
Amarasinghe, Ivan. "Effects of bank vegetation in waterways, with special reference to bank erosion, shear strength, root density and channel hydraulics." Thesis, Open University, 1991. http://oro.open.ac.uk/57341/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study quantifies the erosion of banks of a river which are subjected to an experimental regime of diverse vegetative parameters. The main aspect of research is a spatial and temporal analysis of erosion under banks with natural vegetation, a cultivated wetland grass, denuded banks, and banks under the initial process of secondary succession. Two major spatial components of a river bank are identified relating to the moisture profile , prevalent at ambient flow levels. Comparisons are made on the rates of erosion during five temporal phases identified as of significance to riverbank erosion, prevalent hydrology and seasonality of plant growth in a temperate country. A process of slow but continuous : 'undercutting in the toe-region of naturally vegetated banks devoid of semi-aquatic fringe vegetation is identified. An attempt is made to identify the effects on bank stability of colonisation of a bare bank by a wetland grass from seedling to maturity. The currently recommended practice of encouragement of secondary succession on banks is studied with comparisons on changes of erosion rates over a period of 25 months. Pioneer colonisers, are identified. The effects of denudation on bank soil stability are monitored. A series of comparisons of erosion under the various vegetated and denuded banks are carried out in a range of possible permutations based on the defined spatial and temporal aspects. A subsidiary study attempts to quantify the effects of bank vegetation of significance in civil engineering practice. The need to quantify the effects of non-structural modes of bank lining in terms of structural engineering terminology is identified. Bank shear strength in situ, its variation on the bank profile with variations of moisture content is studied. The role of roots of bank vegetation with special reference to possible effects on bank shear strength is addressed. It is concluded that there is no clear correlation between shear strength and erosion. Shear strength of the upper bank as measured in situ, by a shear vane, is reduced subject to a long period of submergence. Th e presence of bank vegetation may compensate for any reduction in shear strength in terms of critical bank stability. The need to identify other functions of roots, in relation to bank stability rather than shear strength alone, is identified. The presence of the phyllo sphere as a skeletal yet effective physical barrier between the bank and the water is identified as the main negator of winter erosion on vegetated banks.
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Emilsson, Adrian. "Artificial Reverb vs. Real Recorded Reverb in the Back Channels in a 5.1 Surround Setup." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Medier ljudteknik och upplevelseproduktion och teater, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-69369.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
When recording music for surround audio engineers sometimes face limitations in time, ideal microphone positions or a noisy audience. If this cannot be dealt with at the location, artificial reverbs are often used in the mixing to “fill in the blanks”. In this study, three instruments were recorded separately with two 5.1 surround microphone setups. Two audio engineer students created artificial reverbs that replaced the back channels of each microphone setup. A listening test was conducted where test subjects compared the 5.1 real recording to the two other stimuli with artificial back channels in terms of realism, envelopment and preference. The result showed that the real recording and the artificial back channels were interchangeable, but that the artificial back channels pointed towards more envelopment, and that the real recording pointed towards more realism.
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Seim, Knut Sponheim. "Mixing processes in dense overflows with emphasis on the Faroe Bank Channel overflow." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for marin teknikk, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-12328.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The amount and distribution of mixing and entrainment that the overflows across the Greenland-Scotland Ridge encounter influence the ventilation of the deep North Atlantic. Constituting about 30% of the total overflow (about 6 Sv) across the Greenland-Scotland Ridge, the continuous, swift overflow through the deepest passage from the Nordic Seas to the North Atlantic Ocean, the Faroe Bank Channel, is a major overflow in the region. The mixing processes of the Faroe Bank Channel overflow are explored by combining results from observations, including the first direct turbulence measurements, numerical simulations of the overflow, and an idealized process study. The observations show an overflow characterized by strong lateral variability in entrainment and mixing, a transverse circulation actively diluting the bottom layer, and a pronounced vertical structure composed of an about 100m thick stratified interface and a comparably thick well-mixed bottom layer. The turbulent overflow is associated with intense mixing and enhanced turbulent dissipation rate near the bottom and at the plumeambient interface, but with a quiescent core. Results from numerical simulations of the overflow with second order turbulence closures are compared to the observations. Turbulent dissipation rate and eddy diffusivity profiles inferred from the observations are used in refining the parameters of the turbulence closure. In the bottom-most 50-60 m, where the Richardson number is small and the production of turbulent kinetic energy is well-resolved, the model reproduces the observed vertical structure of enhanced dissipation rate and eddy diffusivity exceptionally well. In the interfacial layer and above the plume-ambient interface, however, the model does not resolve the mixing. A further investigation of the observations, addressing the role of the transverse circulation and internal waves in mixing in the stratified interface, shows that the transverse circulation effectively contributes to mixing of the overflow plume. Dissipation rates are more than doubled in the interfacial layer due to the transverse flow. In the ambient above the overflow plume, internal wave breaking is the dominant mechanism for dissipation of turbulent energy. In the interfacial layer the main mechanism of mixing is the shear-instability and entrainment associated with the swift gravity current, enhanced by the secondary circulation. However, the internal wave continuum is energetic in the interfacial layer and may contribute to mixing. To investigate the influence of unresolved small scale topography on the flow of a stratified fluid, a 2-m resolution, non-hydrostatic, three-dimensional numerical model is used. The drag and associated mixing on the stratified flow over real, 1-m resolution, complex topography (interpolated to model resolution) are studied. The results show that a significant drag can be exerted on the flow of a stratified layer overlaying a well-mixed layer (resembling the bottom and interfacial layer of the Faroe Bank Channel overflow) over rough topography. A parameterization of the internal wave drag is developed and implemented, and provides satisfactory results in terms of the domain integrated turbulent kinetic energy levels.
28
Wong, Yu-lok, and 黃宇樂. "Differential changes in lumbar muscle activity and paraspinal stiffness during asymmetrical leg movement." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43572376.
Повний текст джерела
29
Hall, Ashley. "Looking Back: An Examination of Hindsight Bias in Change Detection Ability." Marietta College / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=marietta1212840291.
Повний текст джерела
30
Li, Yuan Olivero Maria Jeon Bang Nam. "Market structure in banking and the bank lending channel : evidence from the bank-level data in Asian and Latin American countries /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/3137.
Повний текст джерела
31
Nyiranshuti, Claudette. "Monetary policy transmission mechanism in Rwanda: review of the bank lending channel post 1994." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3923.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This research attempts to empirically examine the bank-lending channel in monetary policy transmission in Rwanda, using quarterly data for the period 1996Q1 to 2011Q4. The responses of the loans supply, real output, prices, and deposits to monetary policy innovations were investigated in this research, using impulse response functions and variance decompositions obtained from a Vector Autoregressive model (VAR). Estimation results revealed that the bank lending channel in Rwanda is less effective. The findings suggest that although monetary policies working through interest rates have a significant effect on bank loans, loans appear to not influence the real output level. As in other developing economies, the financial sector in Rwanda is still weak. As a result of the absence of long- term investment, bank customers bear the risk associated with the poor quality of loans in addition to the risk associated with high and variable inflation. These are likely to hamper the monetary policy transmission mechanism.
32
Barriga, Carlos. "Investigating the bank lending channel for monetary policy in the U.S. from 1985-2004." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/737.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucfBachelors
Business Administration
Economics
33
Chen, Changsheng. "Variability of currents in Great South Channel and over Georges Bank : observation and modeling." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/51500.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 1992.Title as it appears in the M.I.T. Graduate List, June 1992: Variability of currents in Great South Channel and Georges Bank, observation and modeling.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 260-270).
by Changsheng Chen.
Ph.D.
34
Janes, Victoria Jennifer Julie. "An analysis of channel bank erosion and development of a catchment sediment budget model." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/14870.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Increased sediment loads within river catchments have well-documented detrimental effects on water quality and catchment management plans are required to address reduction and mitigation of these problems. In order to do this it is essential that tools are available that deliver reliable sediment generation data at appropriate temporal and spatial scales. Currently, most sediment generation models do not include bank erosion individually as a sediment source. Therefore, to enable improved accuracy in predictions of future sediment pressures under environmental change, explicit modelling of the rates of sediment production by the bank erosion is required to provide a more complete representation of the catchment sediment budget. In this study, an existing prototype national bank erosion index has been refined. Using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) digitised overlays, channel migration rates were calculated for several UK catchments. Relationships between the rate of channel bank erosion and factors controlling the rates of channel migration were investigated, including channel sinuosity, slope, upstream catchment area, and restriction of migration due to valley width. Significant correlations between bank erosion and sinuosity, upstream area and channel confinement were observed. The non-linear influence of channel planform geometry (curvature and sinuosity) on migration rates was further investigated using an existing meander migration model. A new bank erosion model was developed to incorporate the influence of both channel confinement and sinuosity. As the model incorporates the key physical controls on bank erosion, hence it is expected that it will have wide applicability in catchment- to national-scale bank erosion assessment. A computationally efficient catchment routing model was developed. Data output from a newly developed catchment overland sediment and runoff estimation model (ADAS APT) was used as input to the routing model. The newly developed bank erosion model and an existing floodplain sedimentation model were incorporated within the routing methodology to provide a catchment sediment budget model. The model was applied to the Exe catchment, Devon, UK and validated against observational data. Model estimations of annual sediment generation through bank erosion, sediment deposition on floodplains, and sediment load at the catchment outlet were within the range of observed values. The catchment sediment budget model developed in this thesis provides a more comprehensive representation of catchment sediment processes than existing alternative methodologies.
35
Gorgon, Edward James. "Improving back pain care in the hospital setting." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/29414.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Redesigning how care is structured and delivered has been identified as a potential solution to enable implementation of best practice care for back pain. Redesigning care requires a deep understanding of local needs and context, and participation of stakeholders in the process to promote relevance, acceptance, and uptake. This thesis includes studies that have contributed toward defining the problem, identifying potential solutions, and proposing a new service to improve care for people with chronic back pain.
The aim of the thesis was to complete the design phase of a new service for chronic back pain in a hospital setting.
This thesis used different methods of research to conduct needs assessment and service design guided by an intervention mapping approach. Needs assessment was conducted through quantitative and qualitative evaluations of current care (Chapter 2 and Chapter 3). Service design was undertaken by creating a logic model of the health problem and a logic model of change, and identifying key components of a new service using information from the needs assessment and stakeholder feedback (Chapter 4, Chapter 5, and Chapter 6). As part of service design, a feasibility study protocol was designed to test key components of a new service for chronic back pain (Chapter 7).
The needs assessment studies demonstrated that current service delivery is largely not structured to provide patients with timely and coordinated, long-term management. Whilst the clinical record review showed that existing practice involved good uptake of guideline recommendations, the focus groups and interviews suggested that many patients might be disengaging due to misaligned care expectations and a pathoanatomical focus. The service design process with stakeholder participation showed overall agreement with the needs assessment findings and proposed key components of a new service. This participatory process also revealed potential barriers related to clinician sensitivities and challenges with reimagining traditional roles which could adversely impact progress in the next steps of the service development process.
This thesis has contributed to achieving the aim of completing the design phase of a new service for chronic back pain in a hospital setting. Moreover, this thesis provided new insights into the structures and processes that would need to be created to enable and support best practice care for chronic back pain.
36
Markidou, Aikaterini. "The transmission mechanism of monetary policy and the bank lending channel : the case of Greece." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.554220.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Credit developments carry significant information about both economic and financial activity. First of all, changes in credit provide signals about the availability at and demand for funds supporting (or deterring) investment and spending decisions by the private non-financial sector. This is particularly the case with respect to Greece where bank lending is one of the major sources of financing for firms and households. In addition, up to the present, the Greek banking sector has been scarcely studied due to data limitations. This thesis analyzes the relevance of a bank lending channel (BLC) operating in the monetary transmission process in Greece for the period 1980-2008 by means of two different conceptually methodologies and investigates the credit view of monetary policy. A SV AR approach with a macro-dynamic system attempts to examine the interaction between bank credit and key macroeconomic variables. The outcomes are not in favour of the existence of the BLC in Greece when monetary base is considered as the main monetary policy variable. On the other hand, when interest rate is used to capture the role of monetary policy variable, there is weak evidence that BLC might be present and bank credit to households seems to be more vulnerable compared to bank credit to corporations. The second approach estimates a model within the VECM framework, and which allows disentangling of loan supply and loan demand side effects of monetary policy moves. By using the Johansen approach, two cointegrating vectors are detected, which are tentatively identified as a long-run loan demand equation, and a long-run loan supply equation, respectively. Nevertheless, the upshots of the short-run dynamics cannot firmly indicate whether interest rate spread is a critical determinant of loan supply in Greece. Moreover, the credit market assumed to be demand driven where only demand side effects contribute substantially to the impact of monetary policy actions, implying the nonexistence of the BLC for the case of Greece.
37
Pang, Wen-Hau, and 龐文豪. "Back-channel effects on ambipolar organic thin-film transistors." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/euhxxm.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士國立交通大學
光電工程研究所
103
In this thesis, we discuss the back-channel effects on the characteristics of ambipolar organic thin-film transistors(OTFTs), we fabricated bottom-contact OTFTs with various materials as the back-channel layers, including PMMA, PVCN, PVP, HMDS and Pristine Glass. Variations in the characteristics, including carrier mobility, on-off ratio and the shift of threshold voltage, appeared in the devices with different back-channel layer materials. In order to confirm whether this phenomenon came from the electron trapping effect produced by the hydroxyl groups in back-channels, we added different amount of cross-linking agents in the PVP dielectrics, and compared the characteristics of OTFT devices with different thickness of the active layers. As a result, we found that not only the hydroxyl groups in dielectric layers affected the characteristics of OTFTs, those in the back-channel layers also led to similar phenomenon. On the other hand, we used the ambipolar OTFTs in this work to construct CMOS-like inverters, and achieved a maximum inverter Gain of -37.7, and noise margin of 〖"NM" 〗_"L" "=5.1 V" 、〖"NM" 〗_"H" "=10.3 V" .
38
Liao, Chia-Hsin, and 廖家欣. "Fabrication of Back-Channel-Etched Bottom-Gate Amorphous-InGaZnO Thin Film Transistors." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38739772329596413275.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士國立臺灣大學
光電工程學研究所
98
The back-channel-etched (BCE)-type bottom-gate thin film transistor (TFT) structure is the most desired one for the rapidly growing oxide TFT technology due to merits such as simplicity, low cost, ease of device scaling, and compatibility with the existed main-stream a-Si TFT fabrication. Yet until now, the high-etching-selectivity S/D wet etching processes that is required for implementing the BCE-type oxide TFT for large areas has not been successfully demonstrated due to the susceptibility of the amorphous oxides to corrosion by various acids and bases. In this thesis, we have developed such high-selectivity (>100) wet etching processes for widely used TFT electrodes Mo and even Cu, and successfully demonstrated its use in implementing decent BCE bottom-gate amorphous InGaZnO (a-IGZO) TFTs. Such development shall facilitate advances of the oxide TFT technology into the large-area applications and production. In this thesis, we had also studied the effects of the post-annealing process, which is commonly used in TFT technologies, on using BCE bottom-gate a-IGZO TFTs using Mo S/D electrodes. It was found that as the high-temperature (>240 oC) post-annealing was applied to the TFTs developed in this thesis, the current modulation ability was degraded, and the series resistance increased. Thus we adopted a different annealing process: annealing right after the semiconductor was deposited. Experiment results reveal that TFTs using this annealing process can endure an annealing temperature up to 300 oC and still possess good current modulation ability. Compared to annealing after TFT fabrication at the same annealing temperature (200 oC), this annealing process gains smaller series resistance. Besides, this process yields higher on/off current ratio for TFTs (up to 2.6×109 by the 250 oC annealing process). Finally we applied the wet-etching process and the annealing process to the fabrication of a-IGZO TFTs with Mo/Cu/Mo tri-layer S/D electrodes. These devices show decent TFT performances and high on/off current ratio up to 4.1×109 (by the 250 oC annealing process).
39
Li, Wen-Ching, and 李文慶. "Improved Back Propagation Neural Network Scheme for Channel Estimation in OFDM Systems." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/tzjs26.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士國立虎尾科技大學
電機工程研究所
102
Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a multi-carrier modulation technique; it is competent to high-speed data transmission capability and good bandwidth efficiency, better stability for multi-path fading and delay, and has the ability to be able to resist the frequency selective channel, so that widely gains the attention and adoption. In mobile communication systems, the multi-path channel causes signal distortion and attenuation, and the relative motion between transmitter and receiver causes the Doppler effect that produces signal carrier offset. Therefore, knowledge of the channel characteristics is very important. To remove these effects from received signal, in this thesis, we use back-propagation neural network (BPNN) to estimate channel and compensate carrier offset. Several researchers use the BPNN architecture and set its learning rate parameter arbitrarily, so its performance is not very good. Since not exactly using the structure of BPNN, it would seriously affect system performance. This thesis proposes a method to improve the performance of BPNN for channel estimation in OFDM systems. The study on OFDM systems is in Rayleigh fading channel environments and we obtain the bit error rate performance of the proposed BPNN. The configuration and the number of the pilots and the selection of the learning rate are discussed in the thesis. Finally, we compare the performance of the proposed improved BPNN with the least squares (LS) and minimum mean square error (MMSE) algorithms. The purpose of this thesis is to improve the performance of optimization BPNN to approach the performance MMSE algorithm.
40
Wu, Yi-Kang, and 吳宜剛. "Study of Hybrid P/N Channel with Back-Gate Junctionless Field-Effect Transistor." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/cx868g.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士國立交通大學
電子工程學系 電子研究所
104
In this work, we introduce a double-gated junctionless (JL) field-effect transistor (FET) which contains a hybrid P/N channel proposed by our team previously. The hybrid P/N channel is composed of a p+ channel stacked on an n+ Si layer. The naturally formed depletion layer between the two layers may reduce the effective thickness of the P-type channel. This scheme may not only relieve the constraint imposing on the channel thickness of a JL device, but also reducing the process complexity. Furthermore, the device performance may benefit from the negative bias applied to the back-gate. The above scheme was demonstrated, for the first time, with a polycrystalline silicon-based technology. The fabricated devices show excellent electrical characteristics in terms of steep subthreshold swing (SS = 69 mV/dec), negligible drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL = 6mV/V), high On-Off current ratio (Ion/Ioff > 108), good threshold voltage (Vth) modulation capability (= 0.08) and reduced low-frequency noise (LFN). Ion increases while Ioff decreases simultaneously as a more negative Vbg is applied. The enhancement of Ion/Ioff ratio is maintained as the temperature is increased from 25℃ to 125℃. The feature makes the scheme potential for low power, System-on-Chip (SoC) and System-on-Panel (SoP) applications. This thesis also demonstrated a JL device with vertically stacked multi-hybrid P/N channels. The fabrication process flow is discussed in detail and the basic electrical characteristics are presented. Specifically, the Ion/Ioff of multi-hybrid P/N channel JL-FET is more than 109. The good device characteristics along with the simple fabrication enable this approach promising for future 3D stacked integrated circuits applications.
41
LIN, KUAN LIN, and 林冠霖. "Chinese Learners’ Acquisition of the Focus Back-Channel ― Focus on Larp at SCU ―." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98823099357585632165.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士東吳大學
日本語文學系
102
“Back-channel” this sound expression seems nothing, but plays a very important role in utterance (speech or conversation). Speakers use back-channel to have the same message, in one topic and to smooth sentence. By observing a conversation, speakers use back-channel frequently. This thesis is observing Japanses language learners’ back-channel usage at different steps from LARP at SCU (Language Acquisition Research Project at Soochow University). The purpose of this thesis is to verify Japanses language learners’ back-channel usage preference, and to compare each learners’ back-channel usage to native Japanese speakers’. This thesis is divided into 5 chapters. Chapter one introduces the motivation, the purpose and the study method of this research. Chapter two shows antecedent researches of back-channel from Japanese linguistic study and Japanese education study. Those help author to redefine the definition of back-channel and to build up verification standers. Author addresses problems from antecedent researches. Chapter three explains study method including how to distinguish back-channel in utterance, survey subjects and collected data. Chapter four analyzes and summarizes the survey date. It tells back-channel usage preference and intendancy of six Japanese language learners. Furthermore, author combines each individual’s survey data into comprehensive study. Chapter five concludes back-channel usage intendancy of Japanese language learners, and inspects how recent textbook mention about back-channel and arrange the order of back-channel from content. Finally, author proposes a suggestion to Japanese education study and a direction for future study.
42
Tseng, Chia-Ming, and 曾嘉明. "Neural-Based Packet Equalization for Indoor Radio Channel by Fast Back Propagation Algorithm." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39356562410865805443.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士國立交通大學
傳播科技研究所
81
In this thesis, a new decision feedback equalizer (DFE) based on neural network is proposed to overcome the multipath fading problem of the indoor radio channel. And the fast packet bipolar-state back propagation (fast PBSBP) algorithm is proposed for the training of the neural-based DFE. This algorithm is featured as: (1) high convergence rate, and (2) capable of tracking the time variations of the channel charateristics. Moreover, we use 2-D real-vector representation to process the complex-valued signals, thus no complex operation is needed and the problem of singularity can be avoided. For this reason, the complexity of the DFE architecture and the complexity of computation can be both reduced. From the computer simulation results, it can be shown that the new equalizer with the fast PBSBP algorithm can achieve lower error and lower bit error rate than the traditional DFE and training algorithm.
43
Cheng, Yung-Pei, and 鄭永沛. "A GA-Based Back Propagation Neural Network for Channel Estimation in OFDM Systems." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8z7yde.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士國立虎尾科技大學
電機工程研究所
100
Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a multicarrier modulation technique; it is competent to high-speed data transmission capability and good bandwidth efficiency, better stability for multipath fading and delay, and resistance frequency selective channel. That gradually gains the attention and adoption. In Wireless communication system, due to the environmental impact generated the multipath effect caucused signals distortion and attenuation in transmitted process, and due to relative motion between transmitter and receiver caused the Doppler effect that make the signal carrier offset, Therefore, knowledge of the channel characteristics are very important. To remove the effect from received signal, the receiver needs to have knowledge of channel impulse response (CIR) by channel estimation, and then compensates signals. In this paper, we use back propagation neural network (BPNN) to estimate channel and compensate signals. The reason of use neural network to do channel estimation and compensation is that the neural network does not require definition of the problem of complex mathematical models that deal with complex problem and uncertain environment by learning. The traditional back propagation neural network used gradient descent method to find the optimal solution, and then updated the weight values. Gradient descent method usually converges to a local optimum, which may not find the global optimum. Therefore, we used the genetic algorithm (GA) to replace the gradient descent method to search for the optimal solution in this paper. Finally, we compare bit error rate (BER) and mean square error (MSE) of our proposed GA-based back propagation neural network with that of traditional back propagation neural network, least square (LS) algorithm and minimum mean square error (MMSE) algorithm in existing OFDM channel environments.
44
Wei-Cheng, Chang, and 張維晟. "Study on Back-Channel Etched of In-W-Zn-O Thin Film Transistors Technology." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87482247035109778479.
Повний текст джерела
45
Lin, Yueh-Shien, and 林岳賢. "Study of back-pressure on microstructure of AZ80 magnesium alloy in equal channel angular extrusion." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56063984408097369964.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士國立交通大學
機械工程系所
97
Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) is widely used to improve the mechanical properties of magnesium. The equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) is the most simple and convenient technique in SPD. By using ECAE, we obtain a product which has the same cross section with original billet after extrusion .In addition, the force required in extrusion during ECAE process is usually not large, and we can control the microstructure of the billet by changing the die parameters. Our experiments show that low temperature extrusion can achieve in grain refinement, but the lowest extrusion temperature is limited by materials and dies. Imposing a back-pressure is useful for increasing the strain of billet to avoid the cracking on the billet surface by tensile stress. In order words, imposing a back-pressure is beneficial to compromise the extrusion temperature. In this study, the effect on the microstructure of magnesium alloy AZ80 of imposing the back-pressure was investigated. As a result, we found that imposing the back-pressure is helpful in extending the lowest extrusion temperature. At the same temperature, it makes the grain size larger with increasing back-pressure.
46
Cheng-Yi, Chiang. "Study on Photo-Sensitive Low Dielectric Materials Passivation on Back-Channel-Etched Amorphous Silicon Thin Film Transistors." 2006. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0016-1303200709305521.
Повний текст джерела
47
Chiang, Cheng-Yi, and 江政禕. "Study on Photo-Sensitive Low Dielectric Materials Passivation on Back-Channel-Etched Amorphous Silicon Thin Film Transistors." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49808319007394472571.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士國立清華大學
電子工程研究所
94
Abstract In this thesis, we investigated the application of photo-sensitive low dielectric passivation materials for thin-film-transistor (TFT) technology. photo-sensitive low dielectric passivation materials has the properties of the high transmittance (>90% at 300~800 nm), low photo leakage current and good planarization for TFT passivation layer. In addition, it can effectively increase the aperture ratio of display matrix and reduce resistance-capacitance delay (RC delay). More importantly, the photosensitivity of material property makes to simplify process and reduce fabrication steps. Therefore, the application of the photo-sensitive low dielectric passivation materials on TFT device has become one of the most important issue for flat panel display. In this study we have investigated two of the promising candidates of photo-sensitive low dielectric passivation materials for TFT array technology application. In TFT process, the effects of passivation layers on device electrical characteristics are the most important issue. In this study, the effects of two kinds photo-sensitive low dielectric passivation materials and conventional silicon nitride passivation layer on device electrical characteristics are discussed. In conclusion, we have found that the leakage of devices with photo-sensitive low dielectric passivation is little changed by illumination. Otherwise, device performance exhibits also well in reliability. This indicates that photo-sensitive low dielectric passivation materials are the most possible candidate to replace the conventional SiNx passivation layer on TFT device in the future.
48
Ya-HanChiang and 蔣亞翰. "Design and Implementation of Multicast Wi-Fi Display Model with User Input Back Channel on Embedded System." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10904852280883312418.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士國立成功大學
工程科學系
104
As both Smart Handheld Devices (SHDs) and wireless display technologies have developed, many SHDs now have Wi-Fi Display (WFD) functionality built-in, and other embedded devices which support this functionality have arisen.Using the aforementioned devices to build a presentation system in a government agency or enterprise is quite convenient and user-friendly; however, they are not completely suitable in the classroom of a traditional school because of implementation costs and rising interactive demands. Due to the above considerations, we propose a low-cost Multicast Wi-Fi Display model with a User Input Back Channel (UIBC), and implement a prototype which can be applied to the teaching environment of the classroom. To build the system prototype, first of all the functionality of the WFD Sink needs to be accomplished. After that, the WFD Sink receives the streaming media from the WFD Source and multicasts it to other clients. Lastly, a User Input Back Channel (UIBC) is designed in this system prototype so that a user can remotely control an Android smart device. In order to implement the system prototype described above, we choose a multimedia processing platform as the WFD Sink, and integrate other devices and related modules, to accomplish multicast communication and UIBC. To prove the functionality of the system prototype works well, we select an Android Smartphone as the WFD Source, which screencasts three applications in sequence, and then the WFD Sink and other clients mostly display the streaming media simultaneously in real-time.
49
Liou, Guan-Lin, and 劉冠麟. "Investigation of Improved Electrical Characterizations of P-Type Tin-Oxide Thin Film Transistors Using Back Channel Modification." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wcydtx.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
機電工程學系
105
This study first explored the effects of channel annealing temperature and the oxygen flow rate at the channel layer on the P-type SnO-TFT. Channel annealing at 150°C still exhibits metal properties, while annealing at 200°C shows favorable semiconductor characteristics for transistor rectification. In addition, the larger oxygen flow rate when depositing the tin oxide channel layer contributes to the growth of the tin oxide grains, the carrier mobility and the driving current of the devices can be improved, but also because the crystal grains increase the leakage current. It is important to choose the right oxygen flow. Followed by deposition of 6 nm, 10 nm, 15 nm tin oxide as the channel layer, the corresponding mobility of their devices were 3.58cm2V-1S-1, 6.3cm2V-1S-1, 3.46cm2V-1S-1, and the corresponding Ion/Ioff current ratio is 1.58 x 103, 9.55 x 10, 6.21 x 10. From this phenomenon we can understand that the channel layer thicker the channel layer of tin vacancy is more, resulting in more holes, and because the channel layer thickness is thick, the gate control capacity decreased, not enough to discharge the hole completely closed devices. Then, the effect of the tin oxide channel layer on the tin oxide thin film transistor was modified by the low temperature fluorine plasma. As a result, it was confirmed that the modification of the channel layer with the fluorine plasma could improve the leakage current of the tin oxide thin film transistor. Finally, the thickness of the tin oxide channel layer was reduced and the channel layer was annealed at an annealing temperature of 250oC, 300oC and 350oC to obtain an n-type SnO-TFTs. In this study, the tin oxide thin film transistor with the channel layer thickness of 6 nm as the boundary, when the thickness of more than 6 nm devices for the p-type SnO-TFTs; when the thickness of less than 6 nm devices for the n-type SnO-TFTs.
50
Lin, Yu-Chen, and 林育辰. "Investigation of Electrical Characteristics on 100-nm InGaAs Channel FinFET Using InAlAs Back Barrier and Al2O3 Gate Dielectric." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/kcu364.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士國立交通大學
光電系統研究所
104
A bulk InGaAs-based FinFET device compatible with Si-technology has been developed in this thesis. Here also applied several key techniques, including fabrication of Al2O3/InxGa1-xAs MOS, gold-free S/D contact, nano-scaled channel of InxGa1-xAs with 3D FinFET structure and the design simulation modeling of III-V 3D FinFET. All of the experimental results show these technologies could be utilized for low power consumption 3D transistor with dimension of less than 7nm. First, we studied the characteristics of InGaAs and Al2O3 by fabricating MOS capacitor. The capacitance equivalent thickness (CET) was about 6.91 nm by C-V measurement of Al2O3/InGaAs MOS capacitor. The Dit estimated by the conductance method was about 8×1011 /eVcm2. The electron mobility of InGaAs was about 1630 cm²/V-s by Hall measurement. Finally, InGaAs-based FinFET on InP substrate with back barrier layer was successfully fabricated. The dimension of the device has channel length of 40nm and gate length of 200nm, a wide band gap material of InAlAs as a barrier layer embedded in the back side of the channel for reducing current leakage of junction. The driving voltage of 1.3V and drain voltage of 0.5V, a high driving current of 74.5μA/μm, the subthreshold swing (SS) of about 334 mV/dec, the ION/IOFF ratio of about 102, and specific contact resistivity (ρc) of about 6.7×〖10〗^(-6) Ω-cm2 were achieved.