Дисертації: "Awareness of collaboration"

1

Almualla, Mohammed Humaid. "Collaborative cyber security situational awareness." Thesis, Brunel University, 2017. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/16206.

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Situational awareness is often understood as the perception of environmental elements and comprehension of their meaning, and the projection of future status. The advancements in cyberspace technology have fuelled new business and opportunities, but also brought an element of risk to valued assets. Today, the growing gap between different types of cyber-attacks threatens governments and organisations, from individuals to highly organized sponsored teams capable of breaching the most sophisticated systems and the inability to cope with these emerging threats. There is a strong case to be made for effective Collaborative Cyber-Security Situational Awareness (CCSA) that is designed to protect valuable assets, making them more resilient to cybersecurity threats. Cybersecurity experts today must rethink the nature of security, and shift from a conventional approach that stresses protecting vulnerable assets to a larger, more effective framework with the aim of strengthening cyber assets, making them more resilient and part of a cybersecurity process that delivers greater value against cyber threats. This study introduces a new approach to understanding situational awareness of information sharing and collaboration using knowledge from existing situational awareness models. However, current situational awareness models lack resilience in supporting information systems infrastructure, addressing various vulnerabilities, identifying high priority threats and selecting mitigation techniques for cyber threats. The use of exploratory and explanatory analysis techniques executed by Structure Equation Modelling (SEM) allowed the examination of CCSA, in this study. Data from 377 cyber security practitioners affiliated to cybersecurity expert groups including computer emergency response team (CERT) and computer security incident response team (CSIRT) was gathered in the form of an electronic survey and analysed to discover insights and understand the mental model of those cybersecurity experts. Also, a finding from the SEM was the CSSA model aligned perfectly with the second-order Cybernetics model to test the theory in practice, confirming the possibility of using the proposed model in a practical application for this research. Furthermore, the SEM informed the design of the CCSA Environment where an empirical study was employed to verify and validate the CCSA theory in practice. In addition, the SEM informed the design of a behavioural anchor rating scale to measure participant situational awareness performance. The experiment results proved that when using the CCSA model and replicating real-world cyber-attack scenarios that the outcome of situational awareness performance was 61% more than those who did not employ the use of the CCSA model and associated dashboard tool. Further, it was found that both timeliness and accuracy are important in influencing the outcome of information sharing and collaboration in enhancing cyber situational awareness and decision-making. This thesis for the first time presents a novel CCSA theory which has been confirmed in practice. Firstly, this research work improves the outcome of effectiveness in cyber SA by identifying important variables related with the CCSA model. Second, it provides a new technique to measure operators' cyber SA performance. Secondly, it provides the necessary steps to employ information sharing in order to improve cyber security incorporated in the CCSA model. Finally, cybersecurity experts should collaborate to identify and close the gap between cybersecurity threats and execution capacity. The novel CCSA model validated in this research can be considered an effective solution in fighting and preventing cyber-attacks. Attainment of cyber security is driven by how information is both secured and presented between members to encourage the use of information sharing and collaboration to resolve cyber security threats in a timely and accurate manner. This research helps researchers and practitioners alike gain an understanding of key aspects of information sharing and collaboration in CSSA which is informed by the CCSA theory and new capability that the implementation of this theory has shown to deliver in practice.

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2

Niu, Shuo. "Investigating Awareness-Supporting Techniques in Co-located Sensemaking." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99455.

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Co-located sensemaking has benefitted from multi-user multi-touch devices such as tabletops and wall-mounted displays. Sensemakers use these displays to establish personal workspaces in which to perform individual sensemaking tasks, while preserving a shared space for the exchange and integration of findings. A large open interaction space allows multiple sensemakers to interact with the display at the same time and to communicate with partners face-to-face. However, collaborative systems must balance the tradeoff between working separately to complete individual work, and the need to communicate and maintain collaborative awareness. Dividing the tasks and working at the same time might encourage more alternative exploration paths, but reduced social exchange could also lead to weak mutual understanding and increased effort for work integration. Furthermore, close collaboration on the same task increases mutual awareness, but the tendency toward one-person dominance or turn-taking interaction underutilizes individual time and space, thereby reducing the benefits of divide-and-conquer. The four studies introduced in this dissertation investigated co-located space factors for notifications and shared visualization as two awareness-supporting techniques to assist individual contribution and teamwork. The research identifies control, awareness, and communication as key co-located space factors to balance cooperation, coordination, contribution, and communication. Knowledge on how notification and visualization techniques affect the co-located factors is explored and summarized. The findings identify design knowledge to better balance the individual work and styles of collaboration. Finally, this dissertation concludes by examining how awareness-supporting techniques affect the relationship between control, awareness, and communication.
Doctor of Philosophy

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3

Sanchez, Svensson Marcus. "Configuring awareness : work, interaction and collaboration in operating theatres." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417385.

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4

Le, Chenechal Morgan. "Awareness Model for Asymmetric Remote Collaboration in Mixed Reality." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ISAR0006/document.

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Etre capable de collaborer à distance avec d'autres personnes peut fournir de précieuses capacités pour effectuer des tâches qui ont besoin de plusieurs utilisateurs pour être accomplies. De plus, les technologies de Réalité Mixte (RM) sont des outils intéressants pour développer de nouveaux types d'applications offrant des interactions et des possibilités de perception plus naturelles comparées aux systèmes classiques. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons d'améliorer la collaboration distante en utilisant ces technologies de RM qui profitent de nos capacités naturelles à effectuer des tâches en environnements 3D. En particulier, nous nous concentrons sur les aspects asymétriques impliqués par ce type de collaboration : les rôles, le point de vue (PdV), les dispositifs et le niveau de virtualité de l'application de RM. Premièrement, nous nous intéressons aux problèmes d'awareness et nous proposons un modèle générique capable de décrire précisément une application de RM collaborative en prenant en compte les potentielles dimensions asymétriques. Afin de traiter toutes ces dimensions, nous séparons notre modèle final en deux niveaux qui distingue espaces réels et virtuels pour chaque utilisateur. Dans ce modèle, chaque utilisateur peut générer différents types d'entrées et recevoir des retours de significations différentes dans le but de maintenir leur propre awareness de l'Environnement Virtuel (EV) partagé. Puis, nous présentons une étude utilisateur exploratoire qui s'intéresse aux conséquences de l'asymétrie des PdVs et aux implications induites par la représentation des utilisateurs sur le niveau d'awareness des autres collaborateurs. Deuxièmement, nous appliquons ces observations dans un contexte de guidage à distance qui implique un guide distant aidant un opérateur à réaliser une tâche de maintenance. Pour ce cas d'usage, nous proposons à l'expert d'utiliser une interface de Réalité Virtuelle (AV) pour aider l'opérateur au travers d'une interface de Réalité Augmentée (RA). Nous contribuons à ce domaine en améliorant les capacités de perception de l'environnement distant par l'expert et en proposant des interactions plus naturelles pour guider l'opérateur au travers d'indications non intrusives et intégrées à son environnement réel. Finalement, nous abordons la tâche de co-manipulation qui est une situation encore plus sensible vis-à-vis de l'awareness en collaboration distante. Cette tâche requiert de viser une synchronisation parfaite entre les collaborateurs pour l'accomplir efficacement. Ainsi, le système doit fournir des retours appropriés pour maintenir un haut niveau d'awareness, spécialement concernant l'activité courante des autres. En particulier, nous proposons une technique de co-manipulation hybride, inspirée de notre cas d'utilisation précédent sur la guidage distant, qui mixe la manipulation d'objet virtuel et du PdV d'un autre utilisateur
Being able to collaborate remotely with other people can provide valuable capabilities in performing tasks that require multiple users to be achieved. Moreover, Mixed Reality (MR) technologies are great tools to develop new kinds of applications with more natural interactions and perception abilities compared to classical desktop setups. In this thesis, we propose to improve remote collaboration using these MR technologies that take advantages of our natural skills to perform tasks in 3D environments. In particular, we focus on asymmetrical aspects involved by these kind of collaboration: roles, point of view (PoV), devices and level of virtuality of the MR application. First, we focus on awareness issues and we propose a generic model able to accurately describe a collaborative MR application taking into account potential asymmetry dimensions. In order to address all these dimensions, we split our final model into two layers that separate real and virtual spaces for each user. In this model, each user can generate different kind of input and receive feedbacks with different meanings in order to maintain their own awareness of the shared Virtual Environment (VE). Then, we conduct an exploratory user study to explore the consequences of asymmetric PoVs and the involvement of users' representation in the level of awareness of others' collaborators. Second, we apply our findings to a remote guiding context that implies a remote guide to help an operator in performing a maintenance task. For this use case, we propose to the expert to use a Virtual Reality (VR) interface in order to help the operator through an Augmented Reality (AR) interface. We contribute to this field by enhancing the expert's perceptual abilities of the remote workspace as well as by providing more natural interactions to guide the operator through not intrusive guiding cues integrated to the real world. Last, we address an even more sensitive situation for awareness in remote collaboration that is virtual co-manipulation. It requires to target a perfect synchronization between collaborators in order to achieve the task efficiently. Thus, the system needs to provide appropriate feedbacks to maintain a high level of awareness, especially about what others are currently doing. In particular, we propose a hybrid co-manipulation technique, inspired from our previous remote guiding use case, that mixes virtual object and other's PoV manipulation in the same time

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5

Shayganfar, Mohammad. "Affective Motivational Collaboration Theory." Digital WPI, 2017. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/45.

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Existing computational theories of collaboration explain some of the important concepts underlying collaboration, e.g., the collaborators' commitments and communication. However, the underlying processes required to dynamically maintain the elements of the collaboration structure are largely unexplained. Our main insight is that in many collaborative situations acknowledging or ignoring a collaborator's affective state can facilitate or impede the progress of the collaboration. This implies that collaborative agents need to employ affect-related processes that (1) use the collaboration structure to evaluate the status of the collaboration, and (2) influence the collaboration structure when required. This thesis develops a new affect-driven computational framework to achieve these objectives and thus empower agents to be better collaborators. Contributions of this thesis are: (1) Affective Motivational Collaboration (AMC) theory, which incorporates appraisal processes into SharedPlans theory. (2) New computational appraisal algorithms based on collaboration structure. (3) Algorithms such as goal management, that use the output of appraisal to maintain collaboration structures. (4) Implementation of a computational system based on AMC theory. (5) Evaluation of AMC theory via two user studies to a) validate our appraisal algorithms, and b) investigate the overall functionality of our framework within an end-to-end system with a human and a robot.

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6

Garbash, Dor Avraham. "Organisational awareness : mapping human capital for enhancing collaboration in organisations." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB134/document.

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Comment peut-on devenir plus conscients des sources de connaissance au sein des organisations des humains? Les changements économiques et technologiques rapides forcent les organisations à devenir plus souples, agiles et interdisciplinaires. Pour cela, les organisations cherchent des alternatives pour les structures de communication hiérarchiques traditionnelles qui entravent les pratiques de collaboration ascendantes. Pour que les méthodes ascendantes soient efficaces, il est nécessaire d'offrir aux membres l'accès à l'information et à l'expertise dont ils ont besoin pour prendre des décisions qualifiées. Ceci est un défi complexe qui implique la culture organisationnelle, l'informatique et les pratiques de travail. Un défaut au niveau de l'application de ce système peut aborder des points critiques qui peuvent ralentir les processus de travail, d'entraver l'innovation et qui conduisent souvent au travail suboptimal et redondant. Par exemple, une enquête 2014 de 152 dirigeants de Campus IT aux Etats-Unis, estime que 19% des systèmes informatiques du campus sont redondants, ce qui coûte les universités des Etats-Unis 3.8B$ par an. Dans l'ensemble, les travailleurs intellectuels trouvent l'information dont ils ont besoin seulement 56% du temps. Avec un quart du temps total des travailleurs intellectuels consacré à la recherche et l'analyse des informations. Ce gaspillage de temps coûte 7K$ pour chaque employé par an. Un autre exemple du gaspillage est celui des nouveaux arrivants et des employés promus qui peuvent prendre jusqu'à 2 ans pour s'intégrer pleinement au sein de leur département. En outre et selon des enquêtes étendues, seulement 28% des apprenants estiment que leurs organisations actuelles «utilisent pleinement» les compétences qu'ils ont actuellement capable d'offrir et 66% prévoient quitter leur organisation en 2020. Réussir la résolution de ce défi est capable de motiver les membres de l'organisation, ainsi que d'y améliorer l'innovation et l'apprentissage. L'objectif de cette thèse est de mieux comprendre ce problème en explorant les défis rencontrés par le service d'informatique dans une université et un centre de recherche interdisciplinaire. Deuxièmement, co-développer et mettre en œuvre une solution avec ces institutions, je décris leur utilisation des logiciels que nous avons développés, les résultats et la valeur obtenus avec ces pilotes. Troisièmement, tester l'efficacité de la solution, et explorer de nouvelles applications et le potentiel d'un tel système similaire pour être utilisé dans une plus grande échelle. Pour mieux comprendre le problème je me suis engagé dans une discussion avec les membres et les dirigeants des deux organisations. Une conclusion importante des discussions est que les membres de ces organisations souffrent souvent d'un manque de sensibilisation à propos de leurs connaissances-compétences au niveau d'organisation du capital, et la connaissance des processus et des relations sociales avec leurs collègues dans l'organisation. Grâce à cette exposition, les idées novatrices, les opportunités et les intérêts communs des pairs sont sévèrement limités. Cela provoque des retards inutiles dans les projets inter-équipes, des goulots d'étranglement, et un manque de sensibilisation sur les possibilités de stages. Aussi, j'ai craqué le problème et je l’avais défini comme l'une des informations de fragmentation: Différentes informations sont stockées dans des bases de données disparates ou dans la tête des gens, exigeant un effort et de savoir-faire pour l'obtenir. (...)
How can we become more aware of the sources of insight within human organisations? Rapid economical and technological changes force organisations to become more adaptive, agile and interdisciplinary. In light of this, organisations are seeking alternatives for traditional hierarchical communication structures that hinder bottom-up collaboration practices. Effective bottom-up methods require empowering members with access to the information and expertise they need to take qualified decisions. This is a complex challenge that involves organisational culture, IT and work practices. Failing to address it creates bottlenecks that can slow down business processes, hinder innovation and often lead to suboptimal and redundant work. For example, a 2014 survey of 152 Campus IT leaders in the US, estimated that 19% of the campus IT systems are redundant, costing US universities 3.8B$ per year. In aggregate, knowledge workers find the information they need only 56% of the time. With a quarter of knowledge workers total work time spent in finding and analyzing information. This time waste alone costs 7K$ per employee annually. Another example of the waste created is that newcomers and remote employees may take up to 2 years to fully integrate within their department. Furthermore according to extended surveys, only 28% of millennials feel that their current organizations are making ‘full use’ of the skills they currently have to offer and 66% expect to leave their organisation by 2020. Successfully resolving this challenge holds the potential to motivate organisation members, as well as enhance innovation and learning within it. The focus of this thesis is to better understand this problem by exploring the challenges faced by a university IT department and an interdisciplinary research center. Second, co-develop and implement a solution with these institutions, I describe their usage of the software tool we developed, outcomes and value obtained in these pilots. Third, test the effectiveness of the solution, and explore further applications and potential for a similar system to be used in a wider scale. To better understand the problem I engaged in discussion with members and leaders of both organisations. An important conclusion from the discussions is that members of these organizations often suffer from lack of awareness about their organisation’s knowledge capital—the competencies, knowledge of processes and social connections of their colleagues. Due to this exposure to innovative ideas, opportunities and common interests of peers is severely limited. This causes unnecessary delays in inter-team projects, bottlenecks, and lack of awareness about internship opportunities. I further broke down the problem, and defined it as one of information fragmentation: Different information is stored in disparate databases or inside people’s heads, requiring effort and know-how in order to obtain it. Following the conclusions of this analysis and state-of-the-art review, we have set together the goal to create a collaborative visual database to map the people, projects, skills and institutions for the IT department of Descartes University, and in addition, people, interests and internship opportunities within the CRI, an interdisciplinary research and education center. We have also conducted interviews, surveys and quizzes that ascertain that people had difficulties identifying experts outside their core teams. During the course of this thesis, I progressively addressed this challenge by developing two collaborative web applications called Rhizi and Knownodes. Knownodes is a collaborative knowledge graph which utilized information-rich edges to describe relationships between resources. Rhizi is a real-time and collaborative knowledge capital mapping interface. A prominent unique feature of Rhizi is that it provides a UI that turns text-based assertions made by users into a visual knowledge graph. (...)

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7

Chastine, Jeffrey William. "On Inter-referential Awareness in Collaborative Augmented Reality." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2007. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/cs_diss/23.

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For successful collaboration to occur, a workspace must support inter-referential awareness - or the ability for one participant to refer to a set of artifacts in the environment, and for that reference to be correctly interpreted by others. While referring to objects in our everyday environment is a straight-forward task, the non-tangible nature of digital artifacts presents us with new interaction challenges. Augmented reality (AR) is inextricably linked to the physical world, and it is natural to believe that the re-integration of physical artifacts into the workspace makes referencing tasks easier; however, we find that these environments combine the referencing challenges from several computing disciplines, which compound across scenarios. This dissertation presents our studies of this form of awareness in collaborative AR environments. It stems from our research in developing mixed reality environments for molecular modeling, where we explored spatial and multi-modal referencing techniques. To encapsulate the myriad of factors found in collaborative AR, we present a generic, theoretical framework and apply it to analyze this domain. Because referencing is a very human-centric activity, we present the results of an exploratory study which examines the behaviors of participants and how they generate references to physical and virtual content in co-located and remote scenarios; we found that participants refer to content using physical and virtual techniques, and that shared video is highly effective in disambiguating references in remote environments. By implementing user feedback from this study, a follow-up study explores how the environment can passively support referencing, where we discovered the role that virtual referencing plays during collaboration. A third study was conducted in order to better understand the effectiveness of giving and interpreting references using a virtual pointer; the results suggest the need for participants to be parallel with the arrow vector (strengthening the argument for shared viewpoints), as well as the importance of shadows in non-stereoscopic environments. Our contributions include a framework for analyzing the domain of inter-referential awareness, the development of novel referencing techniques, the presentation and analysis of our findings from multiple user studies, and a set of guidelines to help designers support this form of awareness.

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8

Schafer, Wendy Ann. "Supporting Spatial Collaboration: An Investigation of Viewpoint Constraint and Awareness Techniques." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/11148.

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Spatial collaboration refers to collaboration activities involving physical space. It occurs every day as people work together to solve spatial problems, such as rearranging furniture or communicating about an environmental issue. In this work, we investigate how to support spatial collaboration when the collaborators are not colocated. We propose using shared, interactive representations of the space to support distributed, spatial collaboration. Our study examines viewpoint constraint techniques, which determine how the collaborators individually view the representation, and awareness techniques, which enable the collaborators to maintain an understanding of each other's work efforts. Our work consists of four phases, in which we explore a design space for interactive representations and examine the effects of different viewpoint constraint and awareness techniques. We consider situations where the collaborators use the same viewpoints, different viewpoints, and have a choice in viewpoint constraint techniques. In phase 1, we examine current technological support for spatial collaboration and designed two early prototypes. Phase 2 compares various two-dimensional map techniques, with the collaborators using identical techniques. Phase 3 focuses on three-dimensional virtual environment techniques, comparing similar and different frames of reference. The final phase reuses the favorable techniques from the previous studies and presents a novel prototype that combines both two-dimensional and three-dimensional representations. Each phase of this research is limited to synchronous communication activities and non-professional users working together on everyday tasks. Our findings highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the different techniques for spatial collaboration solutions. Also, having conducted multiple evaluations of spatial collaboration prototypes, we offer a common set of lessons with respect to distributed, spatial collaboration activities. This research also highlights the need for continued study to improve on the techniques evaluated and to consider additional spatial collaboration activities.
Ph. D.

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9

Dirix, Michel. "Pour une collaboration efficace dans les outils de modélisation logicielle." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10051/document.

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Depuis une vingtaine d’années, les logiciels ont atteint un stade très élevé de complexité. L’utilité de la modélisation logicielle s’est avérée de plus en plus importante, car elle s’abstrait de certaines préoccupations en ne fournissant que les informations relatives au point de vue souhaité, comme l’architecture ou les besoins utilisateurs. Toutefois l’activité de modélisation est une activité collaborative impliquant des développeurs, des architectes ou encore des clients. Avec la mondialisation, les équipes deviennent réparties à travers le monde impliquant des différences de culture, langage, fuseaux horaires. Si les environnements de modélisation ont par le passé été souvent mono-utilisateurs, supporter logiciellement la collaboration est devenue depuis peu un réel sujet d’étude. C’est dans ce contexte que s’inscrit ma thèse. Elle a tout d’abord pour but de définir un système de communication constituant la base de toutes collaborations entre utilisateurs d’outils de modélisation. La thèse vise ensuite à rendre efficace cette collaboration en plaçant la conscience de celle-ci au sein des précédents outils à l’aide de fonctionnalités collaboratives identifiées ou conçues dans mes travaux. Ces derniers ont été appliqués à l’outil GenMyModel, un outil de modélisation en ligne enregistrant plus de 200 000 utilisateurs, pour valider les différentes études et conceptions réalisées
For twenty years, the softwares have reached a very high stage of complexity. The usefulness of the software modeling became increasingly important as models provide an abstraction of the software, and allows the software designer to describe information about important viewpoints such as the architecture or the user needs. With the globalization, teams are distributed over the world, implying culture, language and timezones differences. The modeling activity is collaborative since it implies many stackholders such as developers, architects or clients. The modeling environments were historically single-user but the trend is to provide collaborative tools to address the aforementioned problems. The topic of my thesis is to provide an efficient collaboration. The first part deals with the definition of a communication system building the basis of all collaborations between the users in modeling tools. Then, I proposed a new and efficient collaboration by placing awareness at the center of modeling tools. This work has been implemented in the GenMyModel tool. GenMyModel is an online modeling tool registering more than 200.000 users which gave a perfect platform for the validation of the various studies and designs proposed in this thesis

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10

Halin, Amy L. "Distributed team collaboration in a computer mediated task." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Mar%5FHalin.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Modeling, Virtual Environments, and Simulation)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2004.
Thesis advisor(s): Rudolph P. Darken, Susan G. Hutchins. Includes bibliographical references (p. 167-168). Also available online.

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11

Falconi, Michael. "Awareness and Motivation in Collaborative Practice for Disaster Management." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31935.

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Disasters are prevalent worldwide and there is a need to engage high-risk populations in collaborative disaster management activities to improve resilience that is inclusive of the whole community (Enarson, & Walsh, 2007). It is clear from extant literature that awareness has a supportive influence on collaboration, however there is need for a better understanding of how this interaction activates action toward collaborative disaster management activities (Mendoza et al., 2014; Na, Okada, & Fang, 2009), especially for high-risk populations (Enarson, & Walsh, 2007). Thus the purpose of this study was to understand how awareness activated individuals to collaborate in the EnRiCH asset-mapping task, to engage high-risk populations in disaster management activities and improve community resilience in future disasters. In this study we used qualitative content analysis to analyze audio-recorded semi-structured interviews to identify concepts and emergent themes. Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan, 2008) and the ED Model of Awareness (Kuziemsky & O’Sullivan, under review) were used as a framework for the study. Findings and elements of Self-Determination Theory were used to expand the ED Model of Awareness to demonstrate how awareness motivates collaborative action. This study concludes that awareness influences the psychological needs of competence and relatedness, both positively and negatively in different contexts, to motivate individuals toward collaboration and sustained action. This is depicted in the extended ED Model of Awareness and Action to demonstrate how awareness is situated in the interaction between the psychological needs, motivation, and collaborative action.

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12

Robey, John L., and Christopher W. Odell. "Facilitating decision making, re-use and collaboration a knowledge management approach to acquisition program self-awareness." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/4729.

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Approved for public release, distribution unlimited
ng collaboration and re-use of components. The DoD Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) Program will be used as a test case to apply KM tools to identify duplication and/or gaps in the features of select MDA technologies. This paper may also provide the foundation for future development of the Program Self-awareness concept and KM tools to support decision making and to improve the effectiveness of the DoD Acquisition System.

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13

Brunt, Huw. "Enhancing local air quality management in Wales to maximise public health awareness, integration, collaboration and impact." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2018. http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/35654/.

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Air pollution is a significant public health concern. The UK Local Air Quality Management (LAQM) regime mandates collaborative action to reduce air pollution to protect health. Despite having this aim, LAQM is disconnected from broader public health policy and practice. Several LAQM ‘structure’ and ‘process’ limitations have likely contributed to this unsatisfactory situation and LAQM’s failure to deliver effective ‘outcomes’. Two main shortfalls are to blame: prescribed risk assessment and management processes that are too narrow in public health scope, and a poor recognition of the value contribution that public health bodies and specialists could and should make to support LAQM. With Wales selected as the research study area, this research explored LAQM shortfalls through complementary research strands, framed by a mixed-methods approach and a convergent parallel study design. The first of these research strands – an ecological study – linked air pollution, deprivation and health data to assess associations and determine the merits of broadening the public health scope of LAQM. The second – a Delphi study – formed expert consensus on the role of public health in LAQM, and defined the value added by, and opportunities, barriers and solutions to, increasing public health awareness, integration and collaboration in LAQM. Research outcomes were subsequently mixed, validated and evolved to develop a suite of drivers (and linked recommended enabling actions) to support new public health-driven ways of working in LAQM in Wales. The ecological study found that interactions between air pollution and socio-economic stressors modified and compounded associations with important health outcomes. Thus, there is merit in considering air pollution problems and solutions in the context of broader public health priorities. Further, aligning risk reduction actions with principles of proportionate universalism could achieve greater health gain. Through the Delphi study, experts agreed that public health bodies and specialists could and should do more to support LAQM, and proposed enhanced ways of working around assessing risks, integrating LAQM action with the ‘day job’ (and vice versa), appraising and interpreting evidence, and undertaking research and evaluation. These, together with a better application of core public health skills such as authoritative communications, policy development advocacy, and change leadership, could add value to LAQM. Integrating, validating and evolving this evidence – the latter achieved through a workshop and case study interviews with experts – informed proposals for new public health-driven ways of working in LAQM in Wales. These are underpinned by the primary drivers of risk assessment and management approaches of broader public health scope, stronger public health support, and full integration of LAQM with wider public health policy and practice. In conclusion, this research makes a compelling case for LAQM enhancement through better public health awareness, integration and collaboration. While evidence-based drivers for change can help guide LAQM evolution, stakeholders must still commit to enable and achieve them. The positive impacts resulting from fully connected LAQM and public health policy and practice have the potential to ripple way beyond the LAQM arena to help tackle wider linked public health and wellbeing priorities.

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14

Robey, John L. Odell Christopher W. "Facilitating decision making, re-use and collaboration a knowledge management approach to acquisition program self-awareness /." Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Jun/09Jun%5FRobey.pdf.

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Анотація:

Thesis (M.S. in Systems Technology)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2009 by John L. Robey. Thesis (M.S. in Information Technology Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2009 by Christopher W. Odell.
Thesis Advisor(s): Gallup, Shelley P. "June 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on 13 July 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Defense Acquisition System, Knowledge Management (KM), Open Architecture (OA), Capability Portfolio Management (CPM), Business Intelligence (BI), Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA), Data mining, Text Mining, Data Visualization. Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-87). Also available in print.

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15

Ye, En. "TeamWATCH: Visualizing Development Activities Using a 3-D City Metaphor to Improve Conflict Detection and Team Awareness." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1481215153498219.

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16

Heinrich, Matthias. "Enriching Web Applications Efficiently with Real-Time Collaboration Capabilities." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-149948.

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Web applications offering real-time collaboration support (e.g. Google Docs) allow geographically dispersed users to edit the very same document simultaneously, which is appealing to end-users mainly because of two application characteristics. On the one hand, provided real-time capabilities supersede traditional document merging and document locking techniques that distract users from the content creation process. On the other hand, web applications free end-users from lengthy setup procedures and allow for instant application access. However, implementing collaborative web applications is a time-consuming and complex endeavor since offering real-time collaboration support requires two specific collaboration services. First, a concurrency control service has to ensure that documents are synchronized in real-time and that emerging editing conicts (e.g. if two users change the very same word concurrently) are resolved automatically. Second, a workspace awareness service has to inform the local user about actions and activities of other participants (e.g. who joined the session or where are other participants working). Implementing and integrating these two collaboration services is largely ine cient due to (1) the lack of necessary collaboration functionality in existing libraries, (2) incompatibilities of collaboration frameworks with widespread web development approaches as well as (3) the need for massive source code changes to anchor collaboration support. Therefore, we propose a Generic Collaboration Infrastructure (GCI) that supports the e cient development of web-based groupware in various ways. First, the GCI provides reusable concurrency control functionality and generic workspace awareness support. Second, the GCI exposes numerous interfaces to consume these collaboration services in a exible manner and without requiring invasive source code changes. And third, the GCI is linked to a development methodology that e ciently guides developers through the development of web-based groupware. To demonstrate the improved development e ciency induced by the GCI, we conducted three user studies encompassing developers and end-users. We show that the development e ciency can be increased in terms of development time when adopting the GCI. Moreover, we also demonstrate that implemented collaborative web applications satisfy end-user needs with respect to established software quality characteristics (e.g. usability, reliability, etc.)
Webbasierte, kollaborative Echtzeitanwendungen (z.B. Google Docs) erlauben es geografisch verteilten Nutzern, Dokumente gemeinschaftlich und simultan zu bearbeiten. Die Implementierung kollaborativer Echtzeitanwendungen ist allerdings aufwendig und komplex, da einerseits eine Nebenläufigkeitskontrolle von Nöten ist und andererseits die Nachvollziehbarkeit von nicht-lokalen Interaktionen mit dem gemeinsamen virtuellen Arbeitsraum gewährleistet sein muss (z.B. wer editiert wo). Um die Entwicklung kollaborativer Echtzeitanwendungen effizient zu gestalten, wurde eine Generische Kollaborationsinfrastruktur (GKI) entwickelt. Diese GKI stellt sowohl eine Nebenläufigkeitskontrolle als auch Komponenten zur Nachvollziehbarkeit von nicht-lokalen Interaktionen auf eine wiederverwendbare und nicht-invasive Art und Weise zur Verfügung. In drei dedizierten Studien, die sowohl Entwickler als auch Endanwender umfassten, wurde die Entwicklungseffizienz der GKI nachgewiesen. Dabei wurde die Entwicklungszeit, der Umfang des Quelltextes als auch die Gebrauchstauglichkeit analysiert

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17

Lundkvist, Hans. "Why are WE not more attractive for women? : different perspectives on a collaboration process to increase gender awareness." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Arbetsvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-16800.

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Access to human resources is a crucial factor in most cases of business and regional development. Due to demographical changes, urbanization and new values among the next generation, the competition to find the right workforce is likely to increase. Reports have stressed that the difficulties for companies to find the right labor can become a hindrance to sustainable business and regional development. Considering the low proportion of women in the field of engineering, only 20 percent, one must ask; Why are WE (Works in Engineering) not more attractive for women? The purpose of this thesis is to describe the collaboration between an expanding enterprise in a semirural area and a gender research project, from three different perspectives in order to find some answers for the overarching question. In the first paper, the purpose is to describe and analyze the creation of a process model for gender awareness within an enterprise. The second paper will, with the same empirical data, focus on the interdependence between enterprise and region. Finally, the last paper, written for a conference in India, addressing readers unfamiliar with the gender equality issue in the Swedish context, describes how a male facilitator combines disclosing personal life experiences with other methods, as a strategy to inspire men to consider a gender perspective, to use gender glasses. Gender equality has been a topic on the political agenda in Sweden for a long time. Although much progress has been made, many obstructive structures remain. Sweden is one of the European countries that have the highest participation rate for women in the labor force. However, the labor market is highly gender-segregated, both horizontally, which refers to the concentration of women and men in different types of jobs, and vertically, the concentration of women and men in different jobtasks and positions. Due to this background, the innovation system, Triple Steelix, was granted funding by VINNOVA for the project “Gender Perspective for Attractive Work”, in the fall of 2008. The purpose of the research project was to develop methods and knowledge that would contribute to increased gender awareness in order for employers to become more attractive to current and potential staff. The framework for the collaboration is action research in combination with feminist theory, the concept of “doing gender”, theories of masculinity, and attractive work theories. Different approaches and methods, such as analogies, anecdotes, and pictures, have been used during workshops with the organization, in order to nourish the joint learning process.Findings are that in an industrial environment with an “engineering discourse”,driven by a technical-economic rationality that prioritizes market demands, gender issues are not often seen as a parameter for sustainable business or regional development. Nevertheless, the project demonstrates that with an interactive approach and an open dialogue that considers the company's needs, arguments, and intervention for more gender-equal workplaces do not necessarily meet resistance. In this case, the concept of employer brand was the admission ticket for the collaboration. The combination of different participatory methods that were adapted to the context made it possible to counter resistance from individuals and to discuss gender from different perspectives and ways of reasoning. Another conclusion is that when launching long-term transformational processes in an organization, gender should not remain a “non-issue”. When gender issues are integrated, it will contribute to examining the organization from a new perspective regarding issues such as power, symbols, and relations. In the described collaboration, gender perspective was integrated and the enterprise became more aware of gender issues as an important component of strengthening the employer brand. The principle of the described process model can probably be used in similar cases if adapted to a local context.

Godkänd; 2012; 20120117 (ysko); LICENTIATSEMINARIUM Ämnesområde: Människa-maskin med inriktning mot genusforskning/ Man Machine Relation Focusing Gender Examinator: Professor Ewa Gunnarsson, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, Luleå tekniska universitet Diskutant: Universitetslektor Mats Westerberg, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, Luleå tekniska universitet Tid: Tisdag den 21 februari 2012 kl 13.00 Plats: F719J Bell, Luleå tekniska universitet

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18

Johnson, Samuel Rhodes II. "Improved Web 2.0 Strategy for FEMA to Enable Collaboration and a Shared Situational Awareness Across the Whole of Community." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/6815.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has adopted a Whole of Community approach to emergency management, and seeks to enhance emergency management outcomes through improved preparedness, response and recovery efforts. The significant amount of time and money required engaging disparate partners, technological and cultural barriers to interoperability, and a lack of training/familiarity with each other inhibits the collaboration necessary to achieve a state of shared situational awareness. A lack of shared situational awareness results in an incomplete operating picture, which complicates decision-making and can lead to inefficient preparedness, response and recovery activities. This thesis explores the terms situational awareness, shared situational awareness, collaboration and common operating picture. It argues that a common operating picture is a state of shared situational awareness achievable only through the process of collaboration, which can be greatly enhanced through a comprehensive Web 2.0 strategy. The thesis reviews FEMAs current strategy for Web 2.0, and using a structure of appreciative inquiry and successful implementations of Web 2.0 as a guide, proposes strategy adjustments for FEMA. A comprehensive Web 2.0 strategy can foster a culture of collaboration, which will significantly increase FEMAs ability to achieve enhance emergency management outcomes and support the Whole of Community. FEMAs strategy has applicability throughout the homeland security enterprise, as all agencies therein seek a state of shared situational awareness reflected in a common operating picture, and all are considered part of the Whole of Community.

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19

Reid, Elaine D. "Social network collaboration for crisis response operations developing a Situational Awareness (SA) tool to improve Haiti's interagency relief efforts." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/5670.

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Approved for public release, distribution unlimited
The earthquake in Haiti represents an event of catastrophic scale. Relief efforts were thwarted by blocked roads and ruined runways. Relief organizations assisted in the effort using adhoc approaches but could have benefitted from improved Situational Awareness (SA). This thesis develops a new model and methodology, based on data collected following the Haiti earthquake that combines both text-mining methods with 3D graphics. This interpretive approach provides a qualitative improvement on the currently available graphic depictions of such data. Text mining is performed using Lexical Link Analysis (LLA), which tracks and links word pairs, and then visually depicts correlations between discovered words, themes, and entities, thus revealing how they are related to each other in terms of both relationship and content. Our findings reveal discovered patterns of self-organization within this crisis situation, and can demonstrate a dynamic, situational awareness tool that can be executed by a thin client to analyze and determine social-organization collaboration and self-organization for leaders to leverage. This effort can eventually help to create a real-time feedback loop to inform decision maker's organizational awareness, improve organization-toorganization collaboration, and perhaps better allocate resources to areas requiring relief operations.

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20

Heinrich, Matthias. "Enriching Web Applications Efficiently with Real-Time Collaboration Capabilities." Universitätsverlag Chemnitz, 2013. https://monarch.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A20094.

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Анотація:

Web applications offering real-time collaboration support (e.g. Google Docs) allow geographically dispersed users to edit the very same document simultaneously, which is appealing to end-users mainly because of two application characteristics. On the one hand, provided real-time capabilities supersede traditional document merging and document locking techniques that distract users from the content creation process. On the other hand, web applications free end-users from lengthy setup procedures and allow for instant application access. However, implementing collaborative web applications is a time-consuming and complex endeavor since offering real-time collaboration support requires two specific collaboration services. First, a concurrency control service has to ensure that documents are synchronized in real-time and that emerging editing conicts (e.g. if two users change the very same word concurrently) are resolved automatically. Second, a workspace awareness service has to inform the local user about actions and activities of other participants (e.g. who joined the session or where are other participants working). Implementing and integrating these two collaboration services is largely ine cient due to (1) the lack of necessary collaboration functionality in existing libraries, (2) incompatibilities of collaboration frameworks with widespread web development approaches as well as (3) the need for massive source code changes to anchor collaboration support. Therefore, we propose a Generic Collaboration Infrastructure (GCI) that supports the e cient development of web-based groupware in various ways. First, the GCI provides reusable concurrency control functionality and generic workspace awareness support. Second, the GCI exposes numerous interfaces to consume these collaboration services in a exible manner and without requiring invasive source code changes. And third, the GCI is linked to a development methodology that e ciently guides developers through the development of web-based groupware. To demonstrate the improved development e ciency induced by the GCI, we conducted three user studies encompassing developers and end-users. We show that the development e ciency can be increased in terms of development time when adopting the GCI. Moreover, we also demonstrate that implemented collaborative web applications satisfy end-user needs with respect to established software quality characteristics (e.g. usability, reliability, etc.).
Webbasierte, kollaborative Echtzeitanwendungen (z.B. Google Docs) erlauben es geografisch verteilten Nutzern, Dokumente gemeinschaftlich und simultan zu bearbeiten. Die Implementierung kollaborativer Echtzeitanwendungen ist allerdings aufwendig und komplex, da einerseits eine Nebenläufigkeitskontrolle von Nöten ist und andererseits die Nachvollziehbarkeit von nicht-lokalen Interaktionen mit dem gemeinsamen virtuellen Arbeitsraum gewährleistet sein muss (z.B. wer editiert wo). Um die Entwicklung kollaborativer Echtzeitanwendungen effizient zu gestalten, wurde eine Generische Kollaborationsinfrastruktur (GKI) entwickelt. Diese GKI stellt sowohl eine Nebenläufigkeitskontrolle als auch Komponenten zur Nachvollziehbarkeit von nicht-lokalen Interaktionen auf eine wiederverwendbare und nicht-invasive Art und Weise zur Verfügung. In drei dedizierten Studien, die sowohl Entwickler als auch Endanwender umfassten, wurde die Entwicklungseffizienz der GKI nachgewiesen. Dabei wurde die Entwicklungszeit, der Umfang des Quelltextes als auch die Gebrauchstauglichkeit analysiert.

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21

Strid, Josefin. "Globalising Local Craft : enhancing collaboration between Indian rural artisans and Swedish IKEA designers." Thesis, Konstfack, Industridesign, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-5906.

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The aim of this project is to further enable emancipation of Indian craftswomen through the use of an alternative co-design process. As a designer working with textiles and fashion I was interested to explore how I could positively impact the production process of textiles. I spent five weeks in India, with the intent to understand the stakeholders and the project, but mainly focused on the Indian craftswomen’s involvement. The design research has been an iterative process based on qualitative research consisting of interactive partner visits, observations, conversations and workshops. Starting in 2012, IKEA have formed partnerships with social entrepreneurs around the world with the aim to create social change rather than economic wealth, mainly focusing on giving employment to women. In this partnership, IKEA haven’t yet found the ultimate level of artisan’s involvement in the design process that is convenient for both parties. I propose a design process, comprised of tools, that aims to support rural artisans and urban designers when co-creating textile products aimed at a western market.

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22

Pohl, Alexander Verfasser], and François [Akademischer Betreuer] [Bry. "Fostering awareness and collaboration in large-class lectures : principles and evaluation of the Backchannel Backstage / Alexander Pohl. Betreuer: François Bry." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1081628839/34.

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23

Gibbons, Kevin B. "Small Seasonal Business Strategies To Increase Profits Through Community Collaboration." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/182.

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Seasonal small business owners (e.g., boating and golf industries), primarily within the upper and Midwestern United States, face challenges for profit and growth because of a brief business potential year and limited time to establish a reliable and committed customer base. The purpose of this case study was to explore strategies that seasonal small business owners in Oakland County, Michigan may use to collaborate with local associations and charitable organizations to increase profits. Stakeholder theory served as the conceptual framework for this study. A purposive sample of 4 successful small seasonal business owners in Oakland County, Michigan participated in face-to-face interviews describing their perspectives. The central research question was aimed to identify strategies successful small seasonal businesses owners apply to improve profits. Data analysis included coding keywords, sentences, and ideas into categories. The following themes emerged: (a) brand awareness, (b) community involvement, (c) customer loyalty, (d) seizing operational opportunities, and (e) recapturing lost revenue. Based on the business owners' narratives, brand awareness and community involvement were the most important strategies to increase profits. The implications for social change include the potential to provide new strategies to support seasonal small business toward sustainability, charity awareness, stronger relationships between small business and communities, and economic prosperity.

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24

Marvin, Christopher E. "802.16 OFDM rapidly deployed network for near-real-time collaboration of expert services in maritime security operations." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Sep%5FMarvin.pdf.

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Анотація:

Thesis (M.S. in Information Technology Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2005.
Thesis Advisor(s): Alex Bordetsky. Includes bibliographical references (p.65-66). Also available online.

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25

Camblor, Benjamin. "Exploitation du mouvement du robot pour améliorer la conscience de situation dans la collaboration humain-robot." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0069.

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Un enjeu de l'usine du futur est de préserver la santé et le confort des opérateurs tout en améliorant leur productivité. La robotique collaborative est une solution qui permet, par une assistance appropriée, de focaliser l'opérateur sur les tâches dont il a l'expertise, tout en délégant les charges et contraintes à un robot collaboratif. On parle ici de combiner les qualités des robots industriels (fortes capacités physiques, répétabilité, force, endurance, vitesse, etc) et celles des humains (variabilité, réactions face à l'incertitude).Ce travail de recherche s'inscrit dans le cadre du projet ANR Pacbot (ANR-20-CE10-0005). L'objectif général du projet est de concevoir un système cobotique semi-autonome pour l'assistance, capable de choisir, de synchroniser et de coordonner des tâches réparties entre l'humain et le robot en s'adaptant à différents types de variabilité des gestes professionnels, tout en anticipant des situations dangereuses. Ce système a notamment pour vocation d'ordonnancer les tâches en minimisant le risque d'erreurs humaines. L'étude du facteur humain dans les milieux industriels a montré que la majorité des accidents étaient due à des erreurs humaines ou de prises de décisions. Ces dernières seraient, dans la majorité des cas, causées par une mauvaise conscience de situation des opérateurs.Cette thèse propose d’utiliser le mouvement du robot comme un moyen de communication qui soutient la conscience de la situation d’un humain dans la collaboration humain-robot. Un des points importants de notre contribution est que ces mouvements, que nous appelons mouvements de signalisation, peuvent être générés tout en permettant au robot de réaliser des actions grâce à la redondance de ses articulations. Le choix du mouvement comme moyen de communication est inspiré d'une analyse d'accidents de robotique industrielle. Cette analyse a mis en évidence plusieurs schémas semblables d'accidents en lien avec une mauvaise conscience de la situation. A l'aide de l'identification des risques d'erreurs humaines observés, le choix d'utiliser le robot comme un canal de communication à part entière semble être une solution prometteuse de prévention d'accidents et de sécurité.Nous avons observé un effet bénéfique des mouvements de signalisation sur la conscience de la situation dans deux études expérimentales. Dans la première étude, nous avons montré qu'ils permettent à un robot collaboratif de communiquer à propos de son état ou de ses actions avec ses partenaires humains et ainsi de le ré-introduire dans la boucle d'action du robot. Dans la seconde étude, nous avons proposé leur utilisation pour attirer l'attention d'un humain et l'extraire de situations accidentogènes. Aussi, nous avons montré que le non mouvement pouvait aussi être considéré comme un moyen de communication efficace. Enfin, nous avons proposé des recommandations pour la conception et le choix des mouvements à générer en fonction des différents types de contextes
One of the challenges of Industry 4.0 is to preserve the health and comfort of operators while improving their productivity. Collaborative robotics is a solution which, through appropriate assistance, enables the operator to focus on tasks for which he has expertise, while delegating loads and constraints to a collaborative robot. This involves combining the strengths of industrial robots (high physical capacity, repeatability, strength, endurance, speed, etc.) with those of humans (variability, reactions to uncertainty).This research work is part of the ANR Pacbot project (ANR-20-CE10-0005). The overall aim of the project is to design a semi-autonomous cobotic system for assistance, capable of selecting, synchronizing and coordinating tasks distributed between human and robot, adapting to different types of variability in professional gestures, while anticipating dangerous situations. In particular, this system is designed to schedule tasks while minimizing the risk of human error. The study of the human factor in industrial environments has shown that the majority of accidents are due to human error or decision-making. In most cases, the latter are caused by operators poor situation awareness.This thesis proposes to use robot motion as a means of communication that supports human situation awareness in human-robot collaboration. One of the important points of our contribution is that these movements, referred to as signaling motions, can be generated while enabling the robot to perform actions thanks to the redundancy of its joints. The choice of motion as a means of communication was inspired by an analysis of industrial robotics accidents. This analysis highlighted a number of similar accident patterns linked to poor situational awareness. By identifying the risks of human error observed, the choice of using the robot as a communication channel in its own right appears to be a promising accident prevention and safety solution.A beneficial effect of signaling motions on situation awareness has been observed in two experimental studies. In the first study, we showed that they enable a collaborative robot to communicate about its state or actions with its human partners, and thus reintroduce them into the robot's action loop. In the second study, we proposed their use to attract a human's attention and extract him/her from accident-prone situations. We also argued that non-motion could also be considered an effective means of communication. Finally, recommendations were proposed for the design and choice of motion to be generated in different types of context

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26

Lee, Yoon Suk. "Examining Shared Understanding in Partially Distributed Conceptual Design Teams." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52909.

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Анотація:

A number of significant challenges confront effective communication in partially distributed conceptual design teams (PDCDTs), mainly due to the ill-defined and open nature of conceptual design tasks and their associated solution spaces. In contrast to co-located team members who interact face-to-face, communication difficulties among PDCDTs can intensify as a result of the physical separation of team members and their heavy reliance on communication technologies to achieve desired outcomes. Despite advances in these technologies, the ability to convey contextual and paralinguistic cues is still more limited between distant partners in comparison to face-to-face interactions. Thus, team members often experience challenges in establishing and maintaining shared understanding. In addition, partially distributed teams are more vulnerable to in-group dynamics than fully distributed or fully co-located teams. There have been substantial theoretical advances in the field of computer-mediated communication (CMC) that seek to address these challenges. Although CMC theories are hypothetically convincing and generally accepted, actual empirical findings are to some extent either unconvincing or contradictory. Moreover, questions remain about whether CMC theories can hold up in the context of non-equivalent communication technologies. The proliferation of various communication devices (e.g., smart phones, tablets, laptops, and desktops)–not to mention the growing corporate use of fully immersive telepresence technologies–means that a variety of combinations of communication devices can be used. To date, however, the majority of CMC studies have focused on the use of equivalent communication technologies (e.g., laptop to laptop). Given these practical challenges and research gaps, the overall objective of this study was to investigate how to improve shared understanding in PDCDTs. The study encompassed four distinct research threads. Study 1 conceptualized shared understanding in PDCDTs. From Study 1, factors associated with shared understanding were identified, and an input-process-output (IPO) model of shared understanding was developed. Study 2 examined the intra- and inter-sub-group communication patterns among PDCDTs. From Study 2, three different analytical approaches for exploring communication patterns were used to elucidate valuable insights into how interactions within and across sub-groups change with design tasks, as well as how individual roles and interpersonal dynamics affect those interactions. Study 3 utilized the outcomes from Study 1 (IPO model of shared understanding) to develop and validate an instrument to measure shared understanding. Lastly, Study 4 examined how different combinations of non-equivalent communication technologies impacted shared understanding in PDCDTs by using the shared understanding instrument developed from Study 3. Specifically, four types of communication technology conditions were utilized: (1) telepresence to telepresence (two different sizes), (2) telepresence to laptops, (3) telepresence to mobile devices, and (4) laptops to mobile devices. The findings revealed significant impacts of communication technologies on co-located and distant shared understanding, as well as differences between co-located and distant shared understanding for each communication technology condition. In addition, the impacts of shared understanding on different communication technology user groups were identified. Based on these findings, a number of communication technology recommendations, as well as managerial intervention strategies to operate successful PDCDTs, were developed.
Ph. D.

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27

Evans, Jr Richard Austin. "Fostering success in reading: a survey of teaching methods and collaboration practices of high performing elementary schools in Texas." Texas A&M University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3968.

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This study examined reading programs in 68 Texas elementary schools that were identified as successful by their scores on TAAS assessment results in the 1999-2000 school year. These schoolsÂ student populations had a high proportion of culturally diverse and low-SES students. The purposes of this study were: (1) to determine if and how teaching methods and collaboration (intervention/support teams) were used by effective schools to foster reading success in all students; (2) to identify cohesive patterns (clusters) or models in schoolsÂ use of collaboration and teaching methods; (3) to examine these clusters of similar schools and see if the patterns differed based on the school/community demography (urban, suburban, or rural). The study was conducted in 68 schools in 33 school districts that represented various demographic settings from 12 different Education Service Centers across Texas. From these original 332 variables, 26 variables were selected that were of medium frequency and strongly correlated with high TAAS scores over a 4- year period. These 26 variables were used to examine the 68 high-performing Texas elementary schools for clusters. K-means analysis and HCA were both applied to the 26 response variables, using them as complementary techniques to arrive at a five cluster solution. Results from correlations of individual characteristics and from identifying school clusters suggested that school community type could possibly be moderately predictive of student performance on the TAAS/TAKS over time.

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28

Saoutal, Amina. "Amélioration de l'awareness informationnelle dans la collaboration inter-organisations pendant la gestion de crise." Thesis, Troyes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TROY0036/document.

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Des verrous technologiques et sociaux importants sont identifiés lors du soutien de la collaboration entre acteurs d’une crise : en particulier, souvent la conception de systèmes informatiques dans ce but ne répond pas aux besoins des utilisateurs et les systèmes trop rigides ne permettent pas de supporter des situations dynamiques où les évènements sont imprévus et font appel à des mesures émergentes. Pour s’affranchir de ces verrous, notre travail se positionne dans le domaine du travail collaboratif assisté par ordinateur (TCAO) focalisé sur les systèmes sociotechniques. Cette recherche s’inscrit dans la problématique d’un système flexible d’information et de communication qui supporte l’awareness informationnelle dans un contexte précis : la collaboration inter-organisationnelle dans des situations émergentes et complexes. Celles-ci ajoutent au travail collaboratif plusieurs contraintes, notamment le stress, l’imprévision, la multitude des acteurs et les frontières organisationnelles. Dans ce contexte, les différentes organisations – SAMU, pompiers, gendarmerie et autres - doivent acquérir et percevoir les informations qui leur sont utiles pour accomplir leurs activités inter-organisationnelles. Certes, les acteurs rencontrent des problèmes qui entravent l’atteinte de leurs objectifs. Avec l’aide des sciences sociales, cette étude apporte une contribution de recherche en informatique ouverte sur l’interdisciplinarité. Un apport important en est l’étude de l’aspect organisationnel et de l’aspect informationnel à partir des pratiques réelles des utilisateurs
In order to overcome the technological and social locks that are identified in supporting collaboration - for instance, the computer systems design problems that do not meet the needs of users and/or systems that are rigid and do not allow to deal with dynamic situations where events are unexpected and appeal to emerging measures - our work is positioned in the field of Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) characterized by the dualistic social and technical aspects.This research proposes flexible information and communication system that supports the information awareness in the inter-agency collaboration in emerging and complex situations as crisis. These situations add to a collaborative work several constraints such as stress, lack of foresight, the multitude of actors and organizational boundaries. In crisis management, the various organizations – emergency medical service, firefighters, police and others - need to perceive useful information to them to complete their inter-agency activities. However, actors encounter problems that prevent them to reach their goals. This study brings to its scale, a contribution in computer sciences opened to interdisciplinary with the help of social sciences which rely on study of current practices to understand and analyze the users, their activities and the work environment

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Rinnert, Thomas. "Perceiving collaborative activity with extended reality : how to improve collaborative work by sharing users' status." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IMTA0407.

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Cette thèse se concentre sur l’exploitation des technologies de Réalité Étendue(Extended Reality, XR) pour améliorer le travail d’équipe, que les équipes partagent un espace physique ou travaillent à distance. S’appuyant sur des travaux antérieurs dans le domaine du travail collaboratif assisté par ordinateur(CSCW), les contributions présentées dans cette thèse abordent un large spectre d’environnements XR, les Réalité Augmentée(RA), Virtuelle (RV) et Mixte (RM), adaptées à divers domaines tels que l’industrie 4.0, la défense, la santé et l’éducation. Les solutions proposées visent à augmenter les individus avec des visualisations qui dépeignent à la fois leur performance et leur bien-être, facilitant une meilleure compréhension entre les collaborateurs, et leur permettant de répondre efficacement aux besoins de chacun et favorisant l’assistance mutuelle. La thèse se déroule en trois actes : premièrement, l’étude de l’impact du partage du statut entre pairs sur la sensibilisation à la collaboration ; deuxièmement, l’exploration des avantages du partage du statut des membres de l’équipe avec les chefs pour améliorer la répartition des tâches ; et enfin, la proposition de la présentation du statut prédit des membres de l’équipe aux chefs pour une optimisation supplémentaire de la répartition des tâches. Les contributions méthodologiques et expérimentales présentées visent à éclairer la conception des futurs espaces de travail XR avec une conscience accrue de la collaboration
This dissertation focuses on leveraging Extended Reality (XR) technologies to enhance teamwork, whether teams share a physical space or work remotely. Building upon previous work in Computer-Supported Collaborative Work (CSCW), the contributions presented in this dissertation address a large spectrum of XR environments, including Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), and Mixed Reality (MR), tailored for diverse domains such as Industry 4.0, Defense, Health, and Education. The proposed solutions aim to augment individuals with visualizations that depict both their performance and well-being, facilitating better understanding among collaborators, enabling them to respond effectively to each other’s needs and fostering mutual assistance. The dissertation unfolds in three acts: firstly, investigating the impact of sharing status among peers on collaboration awareness; secondly, exploring the benefits of sharing team members’ status with leaders to enhance task allocation; and finally, proposing the presentation of predicted team members’ status to leaders for further optimization of task allocation. The presented methodological and experimental contributions are made to inform the design of future XR workspaces witha heightened awareness of collaboration

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Bauer, Halle. "From “Self-Dedicated Culture” to “True Community”: The Lesbian Gay Community Service Center of Cleveland’s Strategies of Visibility, Representation, and Empowerment from 1980 to 1988." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1523228149856621.

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31

Turner, Charlotte. "Exploring Social Issues and Value Systems in Contemporary Art Education." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2007. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/art_design_theses/16.

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The purpose of the study was to field test a unit of lessons in which students explore how a variety of social issues and value systems impact the meaning expressed in their artwork. By exposing students to different systems of belief, their historical contexts, and providing opportunities for students to discuss, research and symbolically express meaning I hope to develop critical thinking skills; promote increase in the social conscience of teenagers; help students develop critical thinking skills; promote student active involvement in their community at large; encourage social activism; and help students become part of the larger global community. The study utilized pre and post written tests, student artwork, student written responses and an auto-ethnographic approach to document student outcomes. Although evidence of progress was observed there is a need for additional research about ways art education might be used to assist students in the development of a social conscience and awareness of the global community.

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Curry, Kevin Michael. "Supporting Collaborative Awareness in Tele-immersion." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34088.

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The goal of this thesis is to present the virtual environments research community with a thorough investigation of collaborative awareness in Tele- immersion and related immersive virtual environments. Tele-immersion was originally defined in 1996 by Tom Defanti of the Electronic Visualization Laboratory (EVL), is "the union of networked VR and video in the context of significant computing and data mining" [Leigh, et. al., 1997]. Since then, research on Tele-immersion has outgrown most of its system and performance-related issues and now focuses supporting collaborative interaction and usability. Tele-immersion now deals with the "[creation of persistent virtual environments] enabling multiple, globally situated participants to collaborate over high-speed and high-bandwidth networks connected to heterogeneous supercomputing resources and large data stores" [Leigh, et. al., 1997, p. 1 of 9]. In the early stages of Tele- immersion there were two main factors driving the research: the significant processing load of real-time and simulated computational steering, and the sheer bulk of the data sets being generated for scientific visual analysis [Leigh, et. al., 1997]. Now the growing number of immersive VR sites is motivating a need to support human-to-human interaction and work over wide networks of immersive virtual environments. This research focuses heavily on issues of collaborative awareness in these networked, immersive virtual environments. Collaborative awareness, in this context, is a concept that encompasses the caveats of one's knowledge about the CVE and its occupants. As a result of this study, software has been designed to provide support not only for collaborative awareness, but also for several other dimensions of collaboration.
Master of Science

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Riedel, Alexander. "Collaborative scheduling using context-awarenes." Thesis, KTH, Kommunikationssystem, CoS, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-91110.

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Today most cellular phones, personal digital assistants, PCs, etc. offer an electronic calendar. Electronic calendars are especially useful for people who have many different meetings each day and who need to know when the meetings start and who is involved in each meeting. With the aid of a program a calendar can be published on web, shared with other people to enable collaboration, or synchronized between different devices. Current calendaring software offers an almost unlimited set of features and services. However, today such software does not utilize context-awareness, for example exploiting knowledge of the user's location. When people collaborate they often need to meet in order to do a task jointly or discuss something. It can be difficult to plan a meeting because people have booked their available time differently in their calendars. Because of this there is a need to automatically schedule certain types of meetings. In this thesis, a program that schedules meetings automatically is designed, implemented and evaluated. This program facilitates collaboration by finding a commonly available time and/or meeting place for a meeting, thus making it easier for the meeting people to agree. When meetings are scheduled without requiring too much attention from a user and the number of human errors can be reduced while planing a meeting, users do not need to expends as much effort as it goes into scheduling meetings today. Because today a company planing a collaboration task collectively spends a lot of time and effort searching for a commonly available time with this effort increasing non-linearly with increased numbers of participants companies can obviously benefit from automated scheduling systems. Testing with the application reveals that incorporating of user's location information into scheduling is a great tool to facilitate collaboration. The survey also shows the need for extensions to the developed application; with the new features utilizing location information. The evaluation also shows that the developed scheduling program has managed to reduce the time and effort spent while scheduling meetings.
Idag finns det en elektronisk kalender i de flesta mobiltelefoner, datorer och PDA:n. Elektroniska kalendrar är användbara framför allt för människor som har flera möten varje dag och som behöver veta när mötena startar vilka som ska delta. Vissa elektroniska kalendrar kan publiceras på webben, delas med andra människor för att möjliggöra samarbete och synkroniseras mellan till exempel mobiltelefoner, datorer och PDA:n. Kalendermjukvara erbjuder idag ett nästan obegränsat antal funktioner och nyttiga tjänster. Denna typ av mjukvara är dock generellt sett inte medveten om information såsom användarens position, vilket i sammanhanget kalls context-awareness. När människor ska samarbeta krävs ofta att de träffas för att utföra uppgifter tillsammans eller diskutera viktiga ämnen. För att kunna ha möten krävs att möten först planeras, vilket kan vara svårt då de inbjudna är olika uppbokade i sina respektive kalendrar. Av den anledningen finns ett behov av att automatisera schemaläggningen för vissa typer av möten. I detta examensarbete skall ett program för automatisk schemaläggning designas, utvecklas och evalueras. Programmet skall underlätta samarbete mellan mötesdeltagare genom att ta över uppgiften att hitta en gemensam tid och/eller plats för ett möte. Programmet skall därmed också underlätta för mötesdeltagarna att komma överens. När möten kan schemaläggas utan att det kräver för mycket uppmärksamhet från användarna och antalet mänskliga fel kan reduceras när möten planeras, behöver man inte lägga lika mycket arbete, som idag, på att schemalägga möten. Eftersom det för tillfället krävs mycket tid och resurser för ett företag för att schemalägga ett möte, samtidigt som tiden för att planera ett möte inte ökar linjärt med antalet deltagare, kommer företag antagligen att dra nytta av ett automatiserat schemaläggningssystem. En undersökning genomförd av ett antal testpersoner som använt applikationen visade på att användarens position var en viktig parameter som kunde förbättra schemaläggningen av möten. Undersökningen visade också att applikationen hade ett stort behov av att vidareutvecklas genom nya potentiella funktioner som tar hänsyn till användarens position. Men viktigast av allt så visade undersökningen på att applikationen lyckats med att reducera tiden det tar för att planera möten.

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Rittenbruch, Markus. "Active awareness : supporting the intentional disclosure of awareness information in collaborative systems." Thesis, University of Queensland, 2011. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/70075/1/s4067813_phd_finalthesis.pdf.

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This thesis opens up the design space for awareness research in CSCW and HCI. By challenging the prevalent understanding of roles in awareness processes and exploring different mechanisms for actively engaging users in the awareness process, this thesis provides a better understanding of the complexity of these processes and suggests practical solutions for designing and implementing systems that support active awareness. Mutual awareness, a prominent research topic in the fields of Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) and Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) refers to a fundamental aspect of a person’s work: their ability to gain a better understanding of a situation by perceiving and interpreting their co-workers actions. Technologically-mediated awareness, used to support co-workers across distributed settings, distinguishes between the roles of the actor, whose actions are often limited to being the target of an automated data gathering processes, and the receiver, who wants to be made aware of the actors’ actions. This receiver-centric view of awareness, focusing on helping receivers to deal with complex sets of awareness information, stands in stark contrast to our understanding of awareness as social process involving complex interactions between both actors and receivers. It fails to take into account an actors’ intimate understanding of their own activities and the contribution that this subjective understanding could make in providing richer awareness information. In this thesis I challenge the prevalent receiver-centric notion of awareness, and explore the conceptual foundations, design, implementation and evaluation of an alternative active awareness approach by making the following five contributions. Firstly, I identify the limitations of existing awareness research and solicit further evidence to support the notion of active awareness. I analyse ethnographic workplace studies that demonstrate how actors engage in an intricate interplay involving the monitoring of their co-workers progress and displaying aspects of their activities that may be of relevance to others. The examination of a large body of awareness research reveals that while disclosing information is a common practice in face-to-face collaborative settings it has been neglected in implementations of technically mediated awareness. Based on these considerations, I introduce the notion of intentional disclosure to describe the action of users actively and deliberately contributing awareness information. I consider challenges and potential solutions for the design of active awareness. I compare a range of systems, each allowing users to share information about their activities at various levels of detail. I discuss one of the main challenges to active awareness: that disclosing information about activities requires some degree of effort. I discuss various representations of effort in collaborative work. These considerations reveal that there is a trade-off between the richness of awareness information and the effort required to provide this information. I propose a framework for active awareness, aimed to help designers to understand the scope and limitations of different types of intentional disclosure. I draw on the identified richness/effort trade-off to develop two types of intentional disclosure, both of which aim to facilitate the disclosure of information while reducing the effort required to do so. For both of these approaches, direct and indirect disclosure, I delineate how they differ from related approaches and define a set of design criteria that is intended to guide their implementation. I demonstrate how the framework of active awareness can be practically applied by building two proof-of-concept prototypes that implement direct and indirect disclosure respectively. AnyBiff, implementing direct disclosure, allows users to create, share and use shared representations of activities in order to express their current actions and intentions. SphereX, implementing indirect disclosure, represents shared areas of interests or working context, and links sets of activities to these representations. Lastly, I present the results of the qualitative evaluation of the two prototypes and analyse the results with regard to the extent to which they implemented their respective disclosure mechanisms and supported active awareness. Both systems were deployed and tested in real world environments. The results for AnyBiff showed that users developed a wide range of activity representations, some unanticipated, and actively used the system to disclose information. The results further highlighted a number of design considerations relating to the relationship between awareness and communication, and the role of ambiguity. The evaluation of SphereX validated the feasibility of the indirect disclosure approach. However, the study highlighted the challenges of implementing cross-application awareness support and translating the concept to users. The study resulted in design recommendations aimed to improve the implementation of future systems.

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Omoronyia, Inah. "Sharing awareness during distributed collaborative software development." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.501863.

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Software development is a global activity unconstrained by the bounds of time and space. A major effect of this increasing scale and distribution is that the shared understanding that developers previously acquired by formal and informal face-to-face meetings is difficult to obtain. This thesis proposes and evaluates a shared entity model (called CRI) that uses information gathered automatically from developer IDE interactions to make explicit orderings of tasks, artefacts and developers that are relevant to particular work contexts in a distributed software development project. It provides a detailed description of literature related to awareness in collaborative software engineering, a thorough description of the CRI model, and the results of a qualitative empirical evaluation in a realistic development scenario.

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Aslan, Almoubayed Khaled. "Divergence awareness in distributed multi-synchronous collaborative systems." Nantes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NANT2066.

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37

Wedebrand, Christoffer. "Förståelse vid krishantering." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-131756.

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Studiens syfte är tvåfaldigt. Dels är syftet att undersöka hur organisationers förståelse (i meningen deras lägesbild och situationsförståelse) och handlande tycks förhålla sig sinsemellan. Dels är syftet att undersöka hur organisatoriska skillnader tycks påverka förståelsen (återigen i meningen deras lägesbild och situationsförståelse). I båda fallen inom sammanhanget av samhällelig krishantering. Studiens forskningsfrågor besvaras genom en kombination av kvalitativa metoder. Det empiriska materialet utgörs av intervjuer med personal inom somliga av de räddningstjänster som inblandades i hanteringen av en omfattande skogsbrand på Gotland, våren 2016.

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Reyes, Cabrera Pablo. "Structural awareness in mediated conversations for collaborative learning environments." Le Mans, 2005. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2005/2005LEMA1026.pdf.

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Cette thèse prend place dans le cadre des recherches sur l’apprentissage collaboratif assisté par ordinateur et plus particulièrement les nouvelles technologies de communication pour les communautés virtuelles d’apprentissage (CVAs). Les travaux ont porté sur l’analyse des conversations d'apprentissage ayant lieu dans les CVAs et la conception de mécanismes d’assistance visant à faciliter l'émergence de ces conversations à travers des outils de type forum (OTFs). Nous avons identifié dans les OTFs plusieurs anomalies qui peuvent freiner l'apparition des conversations d'apprentissage : "incongruence interactionnelle", " incongruence de convergence", "incongruence de tour de parole" et "incongruence de perception de groupe ". Afin de dépasser ces anomalies nous proposons une approche d’assistance entre pairs ("peer-to-peer") fondée sur la perception de structures ("structural awareness"). Cette approche est fondée sur la mise en évidence des propriétés structurelles des conversations afin de favoriser les interactions. Un OTF nommé MailGroup et un système d’assistance basé sur cette approche ont été conçus, développés et expérimentés. Ces expérimentations ont mis en évidence la pertinence de l'approche et permis d'identifier des pistes pour des recherches complémentaires
This thesis takes place on the Computer Supported Collaborative Learning domain. This field is centered on the design of learning environments that makes possible the support of collaboration in a group. In this context, this study principally aimed to create new technologies of communication for Virtual learning communities (VLCs). Particularly, our research issue is to analyze learning conversations taking place in VLCs in order to provide mechanisms to support and facilitate the emergence of these interactions among the users of Forum-type tools (FTTs). We have identified in FTTs several anomalies that can discourage the emergence of learning conversations taking place in FTTs: “interactional incongruence”, “convergence incongruence”, “turn-taking incongruence” and group perception incongruence”. We try to improve the FTTs to obtain better and perfectible environments for group communications. Thus, we propose a peer-to-peer support approach that tries to overcome these incongruencies that we will call the structural awareness approach. It puts emphasis on revealing the structural properties of a group to its members in order to promote better collaborative interactions. This support has been implemented on a FTT called Mailgroup. Mailgroup has been tested twice in different contexts, obtaining initial feedback of its pertinence according to our objectives. The results indicate that the work is properly oriented, but also that it is necessary to do further research

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Reyes, Cabrera Pablo Tchounikine Pierre. "Structural awareness in mediated conversations for collaborative learning environments." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2005/2005LEMA1026.pdf.

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40

Fontler, Sebastian. "#Icecrown Citadel #Ulduar : En kvalitativ studie om World of Warcraft utifrån spelarnas perspektiv." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Psykologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-145199.

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The purpose of this study is to examine the player’s experiences and perspective of the massively multiplayer online role playing game World of Warcraft. This study wants to find out the effects on the players psychological and social well-being through interviewing 10 World of Warcraft players between the ages of 18-32. This has been done through a thematic analysis. The reason behind this study is because a lot of scientific studies and the media has portrayed World of Warcraft players in a negative light where they are described as lone wolfs. This study wants to find out how the players themselves talk about the game and how it has affected their lives. The findings of this study have shown that players describe World of Warcraft as a meaningful occupation where it has given them better confidence, self-awareness, language skills, social skills but also build a social network inside the game. The social interactions that the players have with their friends have given them a platform to be open about their lives but also problems that affect them in the real world. The conclusion of this study is that the picture that a lot of the scientific studies and the media are portraying is a dishonest one. They judge players as single group where they do not look at the bigger picture or through the perspective of the World of Warcraft player.

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Pope, Sharon A. "Strategies for Developing Interpersonal Communication Skills for Business Students." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1916.

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Strategies for Developing Interpersonal Communication Skills for Business Students by Sharon A. Pope M.B.A., Cleveland State University, 1995 M.S.H.P/A., University of Cincinnati, 1983 B.Ed., University of Toledo, 1981 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Education Walden University December 2015 Research has shown that interpersonal communication skills (ICS) are important for employment success, particularly if they are learned by students during college. A private university in Ohio identified the need to enhance students' ICS; however, the university's faculty lacked strategies to teach those required skills. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to investigate perceptions of key administrative staff (KAS), faculty, and alumni about the implementation of ICS instruction to foster students' work-ready skills. Guided by the social skill component of Goleman's emotional intelligence theory and related research, this study examined key applications of ICS including communication, collaboration, conflict management, and cross cultural awareness. Three KAS with extensive knowledge of university practices were purposefully sampled to take part in a focus group addressing current and recommended ICS instructional strategies. Network sampling, informed by the KAS, identified 23 faculty members who completed an open-ended online questionnaire and 4 alumni who participated in semi-structured interviews targeting their perceptions of ICS in the classroom. In addition to these sources of data, the researcher's reflective journal was analyzed to examine implementation and perceptions of current and alternate ICS instructional strategies. Data were transcribed, reviewed, then coded inductively without a prior list of codes resulting themes of presenting, self-branding, group/team work, networking, global awareness, and diversity. These findings were used to create a faculty professional development series on effective ICS instruction that can be used to promote positive social change for the university, students, and community by preparing graduates ready for success in the workforce.

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Dalsmyr, David, and Oliver Weberg. "Design av social mjukvara för att främja samarbete i en vårdkontext." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-39643.

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Samarbete mellan vårdare är ett måste för att göra det möjligt att leverera högkvalitativ vård till vårdmottagare, men om samarbetet brister riskerar vårdmottagare att bli lidande. Ett sätt att främja samarbete är genom social mjukvara, som på grund av sina kommunikativa och relationella egenskaper har visat positiva resultat gällande förmåga att främja samarbete inom diverse organisationer och yrkesområden. Tidigare forskning gällande social mjukvara inom vård har dock fokuserat på vårdkrav och vårdmottagare, och delvis negligerat samarbetet mellan vårdare i verkliga arbetsprocesser. Vårdrelaterade yrken innefattar även flera etiska och lagliga anpassningar vilket har lett till komplexa tjänster som ska användas i miljöer fulla med avbrott. Denna studie genomfördes med en designstudie som metodansats, där designelement från aspekter av samarbete i form av tillit, kommunikation, och medvetenhet implementerades i en prototyp för att undersöka hur samarbete kan främjas i en vårdkontext. Vårdkontexten som studien genomfördes i var en anläggning för daglig verksamhet stationerad i Sverige. Studien resulterade i sju designförslag för hur social mjukvara inom vård kan designas för att främja samarbete.
Collaboration between caregivers is a must to make it possible to deliver high-quality care to care recipients, but if the collaboration fails, the care recipients risk suffering. One way to promote collaboration is through social software, which, due to its communicative and relational properties, has shown positive results regarding the ability to promote collaboration within various organizations and professional areas. Previous research on social software in healthcare has focused on healthcare requirements and care recipients, and partly neglected the collaboration between caregivers in real work processes. Care-related professions also include several ethical and legal adjustments, which have led to complex services that will be used in environments full of disruptions. This study was conducted with a design study methods approach, in which design elements from aspects of collaboration in the form of trust, communication and awareness were implemented in a prototype to investigate how collaboration can be promoted in a healthcare context. The healthcare context in which the study was conducted was a facility for activities of daily living stationed in Sweden. The study resulted in seven design proposals for how social software in healthcare can be designed to promote collaboration.

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Zheng, Chaojie. "Deformable Image Registration with Uncertainty-Awareness." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/20948.

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The popularization of information-sensing devices and rapid development of data storage and computing capability have launched the ongoing data explosion, and the value of such information assets has been widely acknowledged. Data often come in high volume, variety and velocity, and people are striving to mine useful information and new knowledge from the growing data sets for various domain applications. The fusion of heterogeneous types of data becomes increasingly essential for analysis and decision making in data incentive industry, especially in healthcare industry. Image registration, as a branch of data fusion technique, is the process of determining the geometric transformation that relates correspondences in images. As the image registration result is often used as the input of further analysis or process, it is crucial to establish the image correspondence through an accurate and confident registration method. However, due to the diverse characteristics of images, there are inherent uncertainty issues associated with various aspects of the registration process. The source of such uncertainty issues could be divided into two categories: input images and registration algorithms. This thesis provides three registration methods with the consideration of uncertainty issues the of registration processes. Our major contributions include: 1. A topology-guided deformable registration (TDR) framework to deal with the image correspondence uncertainty issue in the derivation of deformation direction. 2. A novel laminar flow (LF) model with an analogy to laminar flow regime from fluid dynamics to simulate the derivation of registration transformation. 3. A multi-view collaborative learning based image registration (MVCIR) framework to tackle the uncertainty of deciding reliable feature space for the correspondence inference.

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McKegney, Daniel A. "Collaborative Inquiry on Behaviors that Broaden Awareness and Effectively Direct Attention." Thesis, Saint Mary's College of California, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1584869.

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I facilitated an eight week Collaborative Inquiry research project with six members of an Alumni group holding diverse leadership roles. Influenced by Daniel Goleman's book Focus (2013), the purpose of the research was to enhance high performance leadership practice. The research group participated in four cycles of Action Research to enrich ‘inner’, ‘other’ and ‘outer’ awareness and practice directing personal and group attention. Methods to adapt habits and promote learning communities were articulated through the first half of the project, and then emphasis shifted to enabling transformation on a systemic level. Storytelling and scenario planning became keystone leadership practices the group experimented with and refined. This co-operative discovery connected theory to practice influencing an emergent paradigm of focus. New insights into leadership learning, development and transformation were produced. The research also informed how non-traditional educational communities can influence capacity development from the perspective of a rising generation of leaders.

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Nurjanah, Dade. "Awareness support for learning designers in collaborative authoring for adaptive learning." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/349328/.

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Adaptive learning systems offer students a range of appropriate learning options based on the learners’ characteristics. It is, therefore, necessary for such systems to maintain a hyperspace and knowledge space that consists of a large volume of domain and pedagogical knowledge, learner information, and adaptation rules. As a consequence, for a solitary teacher, developing learning resources would be time consuming and requires the teacher to be an expert of many topics. In this research, the problems of authoring adaptive learning resources are classified into issues concerning interoperability, efficiency, and collaboration. This research particularly addresses the question of how teachers can collaborate in authoring adaptive learning resources and be aware of what has happened in the authoring process. In order to experiment with collaboration, it was necessary to design a collaborative authoring environment for adaptive learning. This was achieved by extending an open sourced authoring tool of IMS Learning Design (IMS LD), ReCourse, to be a prototype of Collaborative ReCourse that includes the workspace awareness information features: Notes and History. It is designed as a tool for asynchronous collaboration for small groups of learning designers. IMS LD supports interoperability and adaptation. Two experiments were conducted. The first experiment was a workspace awareness study in which participants took part in an artificial collaborative scenario. They were divided into 2 groups; one group worked with ReCourse, the other with Collaborative ReCourse. The results provide evidence regarding the advantages of Notes and History for enhancing workspace awareness in collaborative authoring of learning designs.The second study tested the system more thoroughly as the participants had to work toward real goals over a much longer time frame. They were divided into four groups; two groups worked with ReCourse, while the others worked with Collaborative ReCourse. The experiment result showed that authoring of learning designs can be approached with a Process Structure method with implicit coordination and without role assignment. It also provides evidence that collaboration is possible for authoring IMS LD Level A for non-adapting and Level B for adapting materials. Notes and History assist in producing good quality output. This research has several contributions. From the literature study, it presents a comparison analysis of existing authoring tools, as well as learning standards. Furthermore, it presents a collaborative authoring approach for creating learning designs and describes the granularity level on which collaborative authoring for learning designs can be carried out. Finally, experiments using this approach show the advantages of having Notes and History for enhancing workspace awareness that and how they benefit the quality of learning designs.

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46

Chamsi, Abu Quba Rana. "On enhancing recommender systems by utilizing general social networks combined with users goals and contextual awareness." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10061/document.

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Nous sommes amenés chaque jour à prendre un nombre important de décisions : quel nouveau livre lire ? Quel film regarder ce soir ou où aller ce week-end ? De plus en plus, nous utilisons les ressources en ligne pour nous aider à prendre des décisions. Comme la prise de décision est assistée par le domaine en ligne, l'utilisation de systèmes de recommandation est devenue essentielle dans la vie quotidienne. Dans le même temps, les réseaux sociaux sont devenus une partie indispensable de ce processus ; partout dans le monde on les utilise quotidiennement pour récupérer des données de personne et de sources d'information en qui on a confiance. Quand les internautes passent du temps sur les réseaux sociaux, ils laissent de précieuses informations sur eux-mêmes. Cela a attiré l'attention des chercheurs et les professionnels de nombreux domaines académiques et commerciaux. Comme le domaine de la recommandation est un domaine qui a assisté à des changements de grande ampleur attribuable à des réseaux sociaux, il y a un intérêt évident pour les systèmes de recommandation sociale. Cependant, dans la littérature de ce domaine, nous avons constaté que de nombreux systèmes de recommandation sociale ont été évalués en utilisant des réseaux sociaux spécialisés comme Epinions, Flixter et d'autres types des réseaux sociaux de recommandation, qui tendent à être composées d'utilisateurs, d'articles, de notes et de relations. Ces solutions ne peuvent pas être étendues directement à des réseaux sociaux à usage général (GPSNs) comme Facebook et Twitter, qui sont des réseaux sociaux ouverts où les utilisateurs peuvent réaliser une variété d'actions utiles pour l'aide à la recommandation
We are surrounded by decisions to take, what book to read next? What film to watch this night and in the week-end? As the number of items became tremendous the use of recommendation systems became essential in daily life. At the same time social network become indispensable in people’s daily lives; people from different countries and age groups use them on a daily basis. While people are spending time on social networks, they are leaving valuable information about them attracting researchers’ attention. Recommendation is one domain that has been affected by the social networks widespread; the result is the social recommenders’ studies. However, in the literature we’ve found that most of the social recommenders were evaluated over Epinions, flixter and other type of domains based recommender social networks, which are composed of (users, items, ratings and relations). The proposed solutions can’t be extended directly to General Purpose Social Networks (GPSN) like Facebook and Twitter which are open social networks where users can do a variety of useful actions that can be useful for recommendation, but as they can’t rate items, these information are not possible to be used in recommender systems! Moreover, evaluations are based on the known metrics like MAE, and RMSE. This can’t guarantee the satisfaction of users, neither the good quality of recommendation

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47

Fysaraki, Maria [Verfasser], and Heinrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Hußmann. "Conceptualizing and supporting awareness of collaborative argumentation / Maria Fysaraki ; Betreuer: Heinrich Hußmann." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1172634165/34.

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48

Reynard, Gail Teresa. "A framework for awareness driven video quality service in collaborative virtual environments." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285636.

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49

Alarayedh, Husain. "Design and implementation of search awareness cues in explicit collaborative information seeking." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/design-and-implementation-of-search-awareness-cues-in-explicit-collaborative-information-seeking(b6d1ce2c-2d8b-4576-8c7a-5738d6233207).html.

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The intentional and explicit activity of searching for information using digital platforms between two or more persons is recognised as a major form of information seeking activity. This common collaborative activity had been overlooked in the design of most Search User Interfaces (SUIs). Collaborators have been pushed to adapt to a variety of workarounds to share search activities and results, and yet, it is a growing practice between groups due to the abundance of digital platforms and the availability of a wide range of online collaborative services. Therefore, interdisciplinary research in the fields of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) and Interactive Information Retrieval (IIR) have realised the importance of this shared activity across various professional and personal contexts. Current research in the specialised area of Collaborative Information Seeking (CIS), and the design and implementation of CIS systems particularly, highlights several factors that facilitate a seamless and effective collaborative search process and establishes new approaches to enhance this process. Awareness, a multidimensional concept widely used in this context, is coined as an essential factor in collaborative systems, and it is crucial for a successful collaborative information seeking activity. This research, situated within the interdisciplinary field of CIS, investigated how the introduction of 'awareness cues' can be designed and implemented visually and contextually to best aid explicit collaborative information seeking. The cues are defined as a visual, non-disruptive, form of related activities awareness mechanism. The research demonstrates two novel search awareness approaches by displaying cues of collaborators activities during the search. These cues are aimed to provide visually and contextually appropriate and adequate awareness notification, thereby assisting the collaborators' awareness of each other's shared search activities with minimal overhead distraction. These cues are designed and tested within a broader, functional porotype web app, named here as SearchAware. This mashup collaborative information seeking system aims to aid collaborators to search together for scholarly literature. To facilitate a naturalistic approach, SearchAware v1 utilised the search engine of the digital libraries of Mendeley's crowdsourced database and Microsoft Academic Search. It also connected to Twitter as a platform to provide a timeline of the activities cues. In the second version, SearchAware v2, the awareness cues visual were designed and implemented to facilitate synchronous awareness of the collaborators' activities within the search engine results page (SERP).The research illustrated how these cues affected the collaborative search the productivity, interaction and interface usability of the collaborators. Each version was evaluated through a curated study that included a set of evaluative measurements. In v1, a formative user study in which students were asked to search for relevant literature for their group projects. For v2, a controlled experiment of information seeking simulated work tasks for postgraduate students and researchers was performed. A mixture of user and system based evaluations were applied to comprehend the awareness cues effect on the collaborative search experience. Based on the results of these studies, the research concluded with implications for the design and implementation of an adequate and appropriate awareness cues in CIS systems.

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50

Silby, Alison. "From composition to transcription : a study of conceptual understanding and levels of awareness in thinking used by children during specific genre writing tasks." Thesis, Brunel University, 2013. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/8123.

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This naturalistic study of cases explores the interrelationship between children’s awareness of their own thought processes, their ability to understand key concepts and concept vocabulary and integrate new ideas into their existing knowledge base when engaged in specific genre writing tasks. An adaptation of the framework, originally devised by Swartz and Perkins (1989), was used to identify the levels of awareness in thinking displayed by eight Year 3 children, when engaged in genre writing tasks during one academic year. The addition of ‘collaborative use’ to this framework highlights ways in which collaborative thinking can act as a support for young writers. When children co-construct ideas they endeavour to make their thinking explicit thus enabling teachers to assess levels of conceptual understanding whilst the children are engaged in a writing task. Evidence also suggests that young writers move in and out of the suggested levels of thinking depending on the complexity of the task, their prior knowledge and understanding of key concepts and awareness of the working strategies and thought processes they employ. This study not only contributes to current research on genre writing within school based contexts but makes a unique contribution by highlighting the need for pedagogical strategies to focus on the way young writers think about and understand the underlying concepts and principles related to genre writing tasks. Evidence also suggests that learning objectives presented to this age group often focus on the factual and procedural aspects of a writing task. However, when factual, procedural and conceptual aspects are made explicit through clear, thought-provoking learning objectives then children are able to develop their own creative responses within the linguistic and textual structures of the given genre without being confined by them.

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