Дисертації з теми "Autothermal thermophilic aerobic digestion"
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Mottola-Lugo, Luciana. "SMALL DECENTRALIZED AUTOTHERMAL THERMOPHILIC AEROBIC DIGESTION FOR PATHOGEN REDUCTION." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1025.
Повний текст джерелаUgwuanyi, Jeremiah Obeta. "Aerobic thermophilic digestion of model agricultural wastes." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366924.
Повний текст джерелаMcIntosh, Karen Bonnie. "Volatile fatty acid production during thermophilic aerobic digestion pre-treatment." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0004/MQ32185.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаParsons, Bonita Grace. "Impacts of temperature and hydraulic retention tie on odours produced from authothermal thermophilic aerobic digestion." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2734.
Повний текст джерелаAgarwal, Saurabh. "Conditioning and Dewatering Behavior of ATAD Sludges." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31480.
Повний текст джерелаMaster of Science
Chu, Angus. "Volatile fatty acid metabolism in thermophilic aerobic digestion of sludge." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/7219.
Повний текст джерелаWu, Yeong-Shing, and 吳勇興. "DEVELOPING ALGORITHMS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF SYSTEM PARAMETERS ON THE AUTOTHERMAL THERMOPHILIC AEROBIC TREATMENT." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37499589190791452554.
Повний текст джерела國立中興大學
環境工程學系
92
The autothermal thermophilic aerobic treatment (ATAT) is a biological process in which the operating temperature can be maintained spontaneously at 45 — 65 oC. Comparing with the activated sludge process (ASP), the ATAT produces significantly less excess sludge yet proceed at higher reaction rate. However there is a need of developing evaluation tools for heat and kinetic analysis for the ATAT system. This study aims to develop mathematical and laboratory procedure for the determination of specific biological heat potential (hb, cal/(g Ou)) and kinetic parameters for the ATAT system. In order to verify these procedures, this study conducts respirometric tests and analyzes data collected from full-scale ATAT operation. Three kinetic algorithms and two hb algorithms are proposed for this study: (1) respirometric batch kinetic algorithm, (2) respirometric serial dilution kinetic algorithm, (3) respirometric graphical kinetic algorithm, (4) respirometric hb algorithm, and (5) full-scale hb algorithm. Based on the Monod kinetics, this study first develops a two-phase model for analyzing a batch OUR vs. Ou respirogram. An algorithm is then proposed to determine the four Monod kinetic parameters (mm, Yg, Ks, and kd) and the initial seed (Xo) and substrate (So) concentration. The algorithm is illustrated by a respirometric test on glucose of 10,000 mg/L COD at a temperature of 55oC. The result shows a maximal specific growth rate (mm) of 6.37 1/d, gross growth yield (Yg) of 0.84 mg BOD of X/mg BOD of S, half-saturation constant (Ks) of 82.3 mg/L BOD, and decay coefficient (kd) of 0.44 1/d for the ATAT system. This study also develops a respirometric serial dilution kinetic algorithm. The procedure requires only one batch test, using a series of substrate concentration (So) at the same seeding dosage (Xo). The algorithm can be used to determine for the type of kinetic model (Haldane vs. Monod) based on testing results with that the corresponding kinetic parameters can be assessed. In addition, the algorithm can determine a ratio of biodegradability (bBOD/ThOD) of the substrate. A test is conducted on para-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA) as the substrate at various concentrations. The result shows a biodegradability ratio (bBOD/ThOD) of 1.38 mg BOD/mg ThOD and observed growth yield (Yo) of 0.16 BOD of X/ BOD of S. It further determines that the Michaelis-Menten model is more appropriate with a km of 1.3 1/hr and Ks of 12 mg/L BOD. The bBOD/ThOD is greater than 1, which may be caused by the nitrification of NH4Cl being added as a nutrient for that nitrification inhibitor (TCMP) is not used. The graphical algorithm offers another solution for kinetic parameter estimation based on OUR vs. Ou respirograms, which can also be used for the diagnosis of respirometer tests. This study performs a respirometric test on glucose-glutamic acid (GGA) at three different seeding sources. The result shows that seeding source and the mixing intensity are two major factors affecting the pattern of respirogram. Other factors include the diversity of microbial consortium, the homogeneity of seeding, and the substrate residual carried over from seeding materials. This study attempts to develop a bio-calorimeter capable of simultaneous measuring of accumulative heat compensation data (Hc vs. t) and oxygen uptake data (Ou vs. t) so that the hb of a given substrate can be experimentally determined. A test is conducted on glucose of 10,000 mg/L COD, yielding an average hb of 51.4 kcal/(g Ou) with a large variation coefficient (Cv) of 80%. The estimated hb is much higher than the value of 3.4 — 3.5 kcal/(g Ou) reported by previous researchers. An analysis by computer aided design (CAD) program indicates that the errors are likely associated with high compensating heater power (100 W), poor precision of temperature probe (±0.25oC), less frequent on/off temperature control (0.5 1/s), and high operating temperature (> 45oC) making the oxygen sensor malfunction. It is suggested further study be made for improvement. For full-scale application, this study also develops a heat balance model for assessing hb and system analysis based on daily operating data of temperature (Tt), COD of influent (Si,COD) and effluent (Se,COD), biomass concentration (Xt,SS), and effluent solids (Xe,SS). A case study is analyzed using 6-month daily operating data of a full-scale ATAT plant located at north part of Taiwan. The plant was verified to be definitely autothermal for that the biological heat rate (Jb) was determined to be the major source (89.1%) for heating the influent at 29oC to the reaction temperature of 48oC. The result shows that increasing the sludge retention time (SRT), the oxygen transfer efficiency (OTE), and the influent temeperature (Tw) and concentration (Si,COD) can all increase the autothermal temperature (Tt). The analysis also indicates that, providing an oxygen transfer efficiency (OTE) of 20% and SRT of 30 d, the influent substrate should be at least 6,000 and 9,000 mg/L COD to maintain the operating temperature of 45oC and 50oC, respectively.
Chiang, Po-Yi, and 江柏毅. "Treatment of Wasted Activated Sludge with a Thermophilic Aerobic Digestion System." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32273385728767659797.
Повний текст джерела國立中興大學
環境工程學系所
101
The activated sludge process is the most widely used biological treatment process for municipal and organic industrial wastewaters treatment, But the major by-product of this process is waste activated sludge (WAS). The treatment and disposal of WAS accounted for about half, even 60%, of the total wastewater treatment cost. Thermophilic aerobic digestion (TAD) is a process being operated at 45-65℃ in the aerobic condition. Also, a considerable amount of heat would be released during the aerobic biological process which can make autothermal thermophilic aerobic digestion an economically viable option. USEPA assessed the autothermal thermophilic aerobic digestion (ATAD) was a feasible process on the sludge digestion. ATAD process also demonstrated its major merits on the high biosolids mass reduction, acceptable PFRP (process to further reduce pathogens) performance, and high digestion rates. In this study, the thermophilic aerobic membrane bioreactor, with a volume of 25 L, was operated at 55℃. Initially, a mixed thermophilic bacterial culture was acclimated with the influent substrate of 10,000 mg-COD/L which was made of glutamic acid and sucrose. When the system reached steady state, the same concentration of the glutamic acid, sucrose and wasted sludge were substituted for the influent substrate. In addition, this study embloyed different batch test to obtain factors affecting sludge degradation and operations. Furthermore, PCR-DGGE was applied to determine the microbial communities of mixed culture in the bioreactor. The results showed that the average removal efficiency of SCOD was 86% and the cofficient of growth (Y) was 0.17 mg-cell/mg-COD when treated with high concentration organic wastewate. That confirmed the thermophilic aerobic digestion system had exhibited considerable advantages for the treatment of high-strength wastewater and low sludge production. When the influent substrate was made of glutamic acid, sucrose and wasted sludge, the results showed that the removal efficiency of TCOD, MLSS and SCOD were up to 28、10 and 71% respectivily. After mixing the thermophilic bacteria which were taken from different sources to digest the WAS, the result showed that the removal efficiency of MLSS and MLVSS were up to 27 and 38% at 25 days.
Cheng, Chin-Heng, and 鄭欽恆. "A study of sewage sludge reduction by using thermophilic aerobic digestion." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/m4657u.
Повний текст джерела國立臺北科技大學
環境規劃與管理研究所
95
As the more popular sewerage treatment system, the more sludge produced in Taiwan. Depending on the characteristics of organic sludge, this study researches the properties of thermophilic aerobic digestion by innovative technologies developed. In this process, the excess activated sludge is reduced in two stages : (1) A part of the returned sludge is solubilized with enzyme secreted from the thermophilic bacteria in the S-TE reactor. This enhances the bio-degradability of the return sludge. (2) The solubilized return sludge is then decomposed and mineralized by the activated sludge microorganisms in the aeration tank. The focus is about the properties of thermophilic aerobic digestion applying in sewage by S-TE process. The experiments includes two parts: one is pre-heat at the level of 60~65℃, and find out the efficiency of disintegration cell well. The other is thermophilic aerobic digestion. The results show that the most advantageous temperature for microorganism is 60~65℃. In addition, dissolve COD twice as which not be 360 min agitating, indicate agitating help for the efficiency of disintegration. The results also show that removal efficiency in batch digestion of SS, VSS and CODss are 53.7%, 64.3% and 63.3%. removal efficiency in semi-continuous digestion efficiency of SS, VSS and CODt are 30.2%, 50.4% and 24.8%. Overall sludge broken and thermophilic aerobic digestion are positive help.
Yeh, Chun-Feng, and 葉俊鋒. "A Kinetic Study of Municipal Sewage Sludge by Using Thermophilic Aerobic Digestion." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/kcxszs.
Повний текст джерела國立臺北科技大學
環境工程與管理研究所
97
In order to improve environmental quality, Taiwan’s government makes more effort on building sewerage systems construction. These operating sewerage systems will lead to an important increase in sewage sludge production .Due to the limitation of landfall site, municipal sewage sludge disposal will become a hot issue in the future. The purposes of this study was to carry out the comparison the different of the ultrasounds and untreated sludge, moreover the kinetic analytic integrated with thermophilic aerobic digestion process were also be discussed. The aim of ultrasounds is to solubilise and/or to reduce the size of organic compounds, and especially refractory compounds, in order to make them more easily biodegradable. Final quantity of residual sludge and time of digestion can thus be reduced. The objective of pretreatment is to increase reduction efficiency of thermophilic aerobic digestion. The characteristics of thermophilic aerobic digestion process include three parts: (1) increase in organic sewage sludge reduction (2) sludge retention time can be reduced (3) biosolids may be totally contained until they are stabilized. The characteristics of sludge dynamics was also studied and the dynamics model can be utilized to (1) understand the changing of sewage quality and the operational conditions of sewage treatment; (2) lower the cost of sewage treatment (3) support management policies and help to evaluate new sewage treatment design, and shorten the designing time. The experiment includes two parts. The first is pretreatment of sludge using ultrasounds, and find out the efficiency of disintegration cell well. The second stage takes substrate concentration before and after digestion to derive the indecomposable ratio. Inserting the number into the Monod equation, μmax and Ks was obtained. From the result of this experiment, the digestion dynamics coefficient, and the comparison to references, it was demonstrated that the 4 experimental groups, there were (Ks) 8410, 978, 198, 4340 mg/L separately. We suspect the reason that a high Ks was achieved with the combination of thermophiles and ultrasound irradiation is that the experiment was partial continuous and the air sparging mixer was not automated.This was only observed in a combination of thermophiles and ultrasound irradiation. The result demonstrates that ultrasound irradiation in combination with high temperature digestion can increase Ks and the microbes in sludge, enabling a better decomposition of substrate.
Li, Jowitt Z. X. "Recovering biodegradable carbon from a thermophilic aerobic digestion supernatant for biological nutrient removal." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/13754.
Повний текст джерелаCross, Elizabeth. "Solid reductions and nutrient flows in biological phosporus sludge using thermophilic aerobic digestion." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/4026.
Повний текст джерелаHung, Jui-Min, and 洪瑞敏. "Evaluation of Specific Biological Heat Potential and Kinetic Parameters of an Autothermal Thermophilic Aerobic Wastewater Treatment System." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56349455362579474668.
Повний текст джерела國立中興大學
環境工程學系所
101
The autothermal thermophilic aerobic treatment (ATAT) system is a biological process in which the operating temperature can be spontaneously maintained at 45 - 65oC. Comparing with the activated sludge process (ASP), the ATAT produces significantly less wasted sludge. Although, full-scale ATAT or autothermal thermophilic aerobic digestion (ATAD) systems have been well documented in literature, the technology is not widely used due to the scarcity of documentation relating to spontaneity and feasibility. There is no effective technique to evaluate the feasibility of an ATAT system. Therefore, it is necessary to develop evaluation tools for the specific biological heat potential (hb) and kinetic analysis for the ATAT system. This study also verifies the two-phase kinetic model algorithm of respirometer serial dilution kinetic and estimates microbial kinetic parameters. Based on the two-phase model for analyzing a batch OUR vs. Ou respirogram was analyzed. For this verification study, results showed that the maximal growth rate (μm), half-saturation constant (Ks), decay coefficient (Kd) and gross growth yield (Yg) had lower coefficients of variation (Cv value was 2.5% to 15.9%) than that from the transient method. Because the oxygen uptake estimation variability of substrate was only 2.5%, therefore, respirometer is an advantageous tool to estimate kinetic parameters in microbial systems. Then, it is suggested that the ratio of S0/X0 must be higher 15 for two phase kinetic model algorithm of respirometer. The algorithm was illustrated by a respirometric test on glucose of 2,500 mg/L COD at 55oC. The result shows the μm of 5.16±0.1 1/d, Yg of 0.46±0.04 mg BOD of X/mg BOD of S, Ks of 401.7±15.2 mg/L BOD, and Kd of 0.39±0.05 1/d for the ATAT system. Also, these microbial kinetic parameters had the tendency showing that an increase in temperature also increased these paramenters. The temperature effect constants (Φ) of van’t Hoff-Arrhenius law for μm, Ks, Kd and Yg were 1.040, 1.028, 1.019 and 1.033, respectively. This result demonstrated the ATAT system has successfully competed the traditional active sludge with better microbial kinetic parameters and higher potential treatment efficiency for high concentration organic wastewaters. Then, this study focuses on the calculation of hb of wastewater in an ATAT system. The treatment system was daily fed with realistic and artificial wastewater at 11,250 and 17,420 mg COD/L, respectively. The wastewater was rich in oil and grease (O&G) at 1,220 and 600 mg/L, respectively. The sludge retention time (SRT) was controlled at 5 days. The results showed that the COD removal efficiency was as high as 88 to 93% for the realistic and artifical wastwaters, respectively. The O&G reduction was 69 to 72%. These two systems could maintain reactor operating temperatures at 43 oC and 48oC, respectively. The average values of hb were 3.7 and 3.1 kcal/g-COD-removed and the observed growth yield (Yo) were 0.10 and 0.13 mg MLSS/mg COD for realistic and artificial wastewater, respectively. Next, this system was daily fed with oily and artificial wastewater at 21,460 mg/L COD. The SRT was controlled at 5 days and tank temperature was controlled at 35, 45, 55, and 65oC. The results showed that the COD removal efficiency was 77% to 91%. However, the O&G removal efficiency was 50% to 69%. These results might indicate that oil and grease become more soluble and accessible to microorganisms at high temperatures. The average values of hb were 3.25 to 3.63 Kcal/g-COD-removed for the artificial wastewater. The values of Y0 were 0.08 to 0.19 mg-MLSS m/L-COD for the wastewater at different temperatures. The temperature effect constant (Φ) of van’t Hoff-Arrhenius law for Yo was 0.958 with ATAT pilot study, which explained typical characteristics showed in the low sludge yield of an ATAT process. The high organic matter removal capacity with low sludge yield of ATAT process have been demonstrated.
Ke, Yi-Wen, and 柯宜汶. "A Study on the Stabilization of Sludge and Screen Waste from Hospital Wastewater Treatment Plant by Thermophilic Aerobic Digestion." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85683271700510718296.
Повний текст джерела淡江大學
水資源及環境工程學系碩士班
101
Hospital wastewater treatment plant might receive wastewater from isolation ward or sewage contacted by patients, therefore, their properties are different from general industrial or domestic sewage .Biosolids produced from hospital wastewater treatment plant include waste sludge and screen residue, which might contain lots of unknown pathogens. It will cause the crisis of germs-spreading if without proper handling. Besides, screen residue contains solids rich in organic matters such as food waste, excrements, etc. and smells stinky. Thermophilic aerobic digestion (TAD) process has the advantages of easy operating, small area required, stable system, rapid biomass degradation, and efficiently pathogen inactivation. In this study, we used TAD process to stabilize and reduce the biosolids produced by hospital wastewater treatment plant. At the same time, pathogens were inactivated by TAD process, too. The emphasis in our study was combine waste sludge and screen residue to precede TAD process, in order to improve the efficiency of the degradation of organic matters and solve the problem of odor-emission. In this study VS/TS was used as a decomposable index, the digestion ratio of the total and volatile solid and water quality analysis of filtrate were used as the digestion efficiency indexes, E. coli colonies was used as the pathogen inactivation index. The experiments were operated in batch model. The efficiency of TAD process by explored by modulating sludge retention, proportions of biosolids and operating temperature. Different waste sludge and screen residue ratio were exam, in order to find the optimal combination and different solid liquid ratio, and also realize food loading to the microorganisms. After that, the effects in different operating temperature were discussed. The results found that, combining waste sludge and screen residue in TAD process can degrade biomass rapidly. The better digestion efficiency was screen residue : sludge = 1:2.5(SR/SL=0.48). The reaction rate constant (Kd) is 0.994 day-1.When the digestion temperature controlled at 50℃,we got the better digestion efficiency. In sludge digestion system, the TS and VS digestion efficiency were 51.16% and 55.82% respectively; in sludge and screen residue digestion system, the TS and VS digestion efficiency were 47.59% and 51.85% respectively. After 2-3 days of digestion time, the offensive odor was vanished. According to the qualitative analysis of organic acid, TAD process was found to fit the pathway of TCA cycle. When the operating temperatures were controlled at 50℃ and 70℃, E. coli colonies in biosolids sharply reduced from unable counting to 2.6*105 CFU/100mL and N.D. respectively.
Fothergill, Samantha. "The effect of primary and secondary sludge mix ratios on VFA production in thermophilic aerobic digestion using pilot scale ATAD units." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/5667.
Повний текст джерела