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Статті в журналах з теми "Automobile cabins":
1
Ang, Linus Yinn Leng, Yong Khiang Koh, and Heow Pueh Lee. "Acoustic Metamaterials: A Potential for Cabin Noise Control in Automobiles and Armored Vehicles." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 08, no. 05 (July 2016): 1650072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1758825116500721.
Анотація:
The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the existing industrial practices used for cabin noise control in various industries such as automotive, marine, aerospace, and defense. However, emphasis is placed on automobiles and armored vehicles. Generally, automobile cabins usually constitute of thin structural panels, where the fundamental frequency typically falls below 200[Formula: see text]Hz. If a specific structural mode couples with a specific acoustic mode of the cabin, booming noise occurs. As such, discomfort may be felt by the occupants. Fundamentally, vibroacoustics problems may be minimized if the acoustic modes and the structural modes are decoupled, which is achieved usually by structural modifications or acoustical treatments. However, if excessively performed, the weight limitation of an automobile design will be exceeded; not to mention the adverse effect of increased weight on several factors such as fuel efficiency, mileage life of tires and acceleration of the vehicle. Moreover, current solutions have several drawbacks in low frequency noise control. In light of this, it is of great interest to explore the feasibility of acoustic metamaterials as an alternative with hope to improve cabin noise.
2
Wang, Liang, Woon Seng Gan, and Sen M. Kuo. "Integration of Bass Enhancement and Active Noise Control System in Automobile Cabin." Advances in Acoustics and Vibration 2008 (May 6, 2008): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/869130.
Анотація:
With the advancement of digital signal processing technologies, consumers are more concerned with the quality of multimedia entertainment in automobiles. In order to meet this demand, an audio enhancement system is needed to improve bass reproduction and cancel engine noise in the cabins. This paper presents an integrated active noise control system that is based on frequency-sampling filters to track and extract the bass information from the audio signal, and a multifrequency active noise equalizer to tune the low-frequency engine harmonics to enhance the bass reproduction. In the noise cancellation mode, a maximum of 3 dB bass enhancement can be achieved with significant noise suppression, while higher bass enhancement can be achieved in the bass enhance mode. The results show that the proposed system is effective for solving both the bass audio reproduction and the noise control problems in automobile cabins.
3
Samarasinghe, Prasanga N., Wen Zhang, and Thushara D. Abhayapala. "Recent Advances in Active Noise Control Inside Automobile Cabins: Toward quieter cars." IEEE Signal Processing Magazine 33, no. 6 (November 2016): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/msp.2016.2601942.
4
Humstone, Mary, Hilery Walker, and Helis Sikk. "Jenny Lake Lodge and Cabins, Determination of Eligibility for the National Register of Historic Places." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 32 (January 1, 2009): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.2009.3741.
Анотація:
During summer 2009, the University of Wyoming American Studies Program conducted an intensive historic building and landscape survey of the Jenny Lake Lodge in Grand Teton National Park (Figure 1). The oldest of Grand Teton Lodge Companyâs visitor accommodations, Jenny Lake Lodge has a long and varied history that spans the period from early 20th century dude ranching to contemporary automobile tourism, and that is closely entwined with the history of Grand Teton National Park itself.
5
Liu, Shu Sen, and Si Ze Li. "Study of Purification Effect to PM2.5 from Secondhand Tobacco Smoke in an Automobile." Advanced Materials Research 230-232 (May 2011): 629–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.230-232.629.
Анотація:
Secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) in enclosed spaces is a major source of potentially harmful airborne particles. To quantify exposure to PM2.5 because of SHS and to investigate the interaction between pollutants from SHS and vehicular emissions, number concentration of PM2.5 were measured inside a moving vehicle under different ventilation conditions. Air purification was found to have a significant effect on PM2.5 in the cabins of vehicles. Purification can achieve higher and more consistent results in terms of protecting drivers from SHS while commuting on the roads. Moreover, air purifiers are economically and technically easier to implement than other chemical technologies currently in use. Because the study with the air purifier was conducted in only one vehicle, more vehicles should be tested with and without air purifiers to achieve a statistically robust conclusion regarding their performance.
6
Shi, Dongyuan, Bhan Lam, Woon-Seng Gan, Jordan Cheer, and Stepehen J. Elliott. "Active Noise Control in The New Century: The Role and Prospect of Signal Processing." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 268, no. 3 (November 30, 2023): 5141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2023_0730.
Анотація:
Since Paul Leug's 1933 patent application for a system for the active control of sound, the field of active noise control (ANC) has not flourished until the advent of digital signal processors forty years ago. Early theoretical advancements in digital signal processing and processors laid the groundwork for the phenomenal growth of the field, particularly over the past quarter-century. The widespread commercial success of ANC in aircraft cabins, automobile cabins, and headsets demonstrates the immeasurable public health and economic benefits of ANC. This article continues where Elliott and Nelson's 1993 Signal Processing Magazine article [1] and Elliott's 1997 50th anniversary commentary [2] on ANC left off, tracing the technical developments and applications in ANC spurred by the seminal texts of Nelson and Elliott (1991), Kuo and Morgan (1996), Hansen and Snyder (1996), and Elliott (2001) since the turn of the century. This article focuses on technical developments pertaining to real-world implementations, such as improving algorithmic convergence, reducing system latency, and extending control to non-stationary and/or broadband noise, as well as the commercial transition challenges from analog to digital ANC systems. Finally, open issues and the future of ANC in the era of artificial intelligence are discussed.
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Mimuro, Tetsushi, and Hiroyuki Takanashi. "Fuel Operated Heaters Applied to Electric Vehicles." International Journal of Automation Technology 8, no. 5 (September 5, 2014): 723–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2014.p0723.
Анотація:
In recent years, numerous automobile manufacturers have been pursuing the development of Electric Vehicles (EVs) as a response to environmental problems such as global warming. Such EVs usually have shorter ranges than Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) vehicles because of their limited battery capacity. This problem is exacerbated in the winter, especially in cold districts, as the need for electricity to heat vehicle cabins results in drastic mileage reductions. One readily available solution to this problem is the use of Fuel-Operated Heaters (FOHs), and in this study we have performed field operation tests on such heaters retrofitted into mass-produced EVs. The pros and cons of FOH use with EVs will be discussed in comparison with Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) and heat pump heaters from the viewpoints of energy efficiency, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, heating performance, mileage influence, and usability.
8
Mathai, Varghese, Asimanshu Das, and Kenneth Breuer. "Aerosol transmission in passenger car cabins: Effects of ventilation configuration and driving speed." Physics of Fluids 34, no. 2 (February 2022): 021904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0079555.
Анотація:
Identifying the potential routes of airborne transmission during transportation is of critical importance to limit the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Here, we numerically solve the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations along with the transport equation for a passive scalar in order to study aerosol transmission inside the passenger cabin of an automobile. Extending the previous work on this topic, we explore several driving scenarios including the effects of having the windows fully open, half-open, and one-quarter open, the effect of opening a moon roof, and the scaling of the aerosol transport as a function of vehicle speed. The flow in the passenger cabin is largely driven by the external surface pressure distribution on the vehicle, and the relative concentration of aerosols in the cabin scales inversely with vehicle speed. For the simplified geometry studied here, we find that the half-open windows configuration has almost the same ventilation effectively as the one with the windows fully open. The utility of the moonroof as an effective exit vent for removing the aerosols generated within the cabin space is discussed. Using our results, we propose a “speed–time” map, which gives guidance regarding the relative risk of transmission between driver and passenger as a function of trip duration and vehicle speed. A few strategies for the removal of airborne contaminants during low-speed driving, or in a situation where the vehicle is stuck in traffic, are suggested.
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Yoshida, Toshiaki. "Estimation of absorption of aromatic hydrocarbons diffusing from interior materials in automobile cabins by inhalation toxicokinetic analysis in rats." Journal of Applied Toxicology 30, no. 6 (August 2010): 525–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jat.1522.
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Sharma, Gajender, Shafi Ahmad, Z. Mallick, Zahid A. Khan, Ajith Tom James, Mohammad Asjad, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, et al. "Risk Factors Assessment of Musculoskeletal Disorders among Professional Vehicle Drivers in India Using an Ordinal Priority Approach." Mathematics 10, no. 23 (November 28, 2022): 4492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10234492.
Анотація:
Professional driving involves sitting in uncomfortable positions, navigating difficult terrain and roads, and occasionally conducting small repairs and other auxiliary transportation duties while at work for long periods. Drivers who engage in these activities may develop a variety of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). MSDs in professional drivers are accompanied by several risk factors. In this study, the various risk factors for MSD have been identified through the literature reviews, discussions with professional drivers, and consultations with ergonomics specialists. This study employed the ordinal priority approach (OPA), a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) technique, to rank the identified risk variables for MSD in order of importance. The same OPA method has also been used to identify the group of professional drivers who use eight different types of vehicles and are more likely to develop MSDs. The analyses findings show that the five main risk factors for MSDs among drivers are prolonged sitting, restricted posture, working hours, alcohol consumption, and uncomfortable seating. Additionally, among all drivers regarded as professionals, truck drivers are found to be the most at risk. For the study’s conclusions to be validated, a sensitivity analysis was also carried out. The results of this study are anticipated to help formulate strategies for lowering these hazards through the ergonomic design of drivers’ cabins by automobile OEMs (Original Equipment Manufacturers) and vehicle scheduling by concerned transportation organizations to reduce driver tiredness.
Дисертації з теми "Automobile cabins":
1
Miqueau, Valentin. "Fiabilité de la méthode de prédiction vibro-acoustique SEA dans un contexte d'évaluation subjective du confort acoustique automobile." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, INSA, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ISAL0102.
Анотація:
À mesure que les habitacles des nouveaux véhicules deviennent de plus en plus silencieux, la qualité du son et le confort acoustique intérieurs se sont imposés comme des arguments de premier ordre pour les constructeurs automobiles afin de se démarquer de leurs concurrents. Actuellement, la recherche sur la perception sonore repose sur une approche expérimentale basée sur la réécoute, par des jurys, de signaux enregistrés sur des proto375 types. Pour éviter ces coûteux dispositifs, une approche numérique est ici envisagée. Les résultats d’un modèle basé sur la méthode SEA (Statistical Energy Analysis), développé par Saint-Gobain Research Compiègne, servirait à générer les signaux des expériences subjectives. Celui-ci permet d’ores et déjà de prédire l’impact de changement de vitrage sur le niveau sonore intérieur d’un véhicule exposé aux bruits environnementaux. En revanche, son emploi pour évaluer le confort automobile apporté par ces mêmes changements soulève plusieurs interrogations auxquelles nous répondons dans cette thèse : — Comment générer des signaux audios à partir des niveaux de pressions acoustiques prédits? — Les signaux obtenus permettent-ils de réaliser des études du confort acoustique dans l’habitacle avec la même efficacité que des enregistrements mesurés sur véhicule? Tout d’abord, un procédé de génération des signaux à partir des données obtenues grâce au modèle numérique a été proposé puis validé par une expérience perceptive. Ensuite, deux autres évaluations subjectives par un jury ont mis en lumière une évolution du désagrément ressenti similaire, pour plusieurs configurations de vitrages quelle que soit l’origine des sons (simulés ou mesurés). Elles ont cependant souligné une divergence dans les évaluations lors de l’introduction de verre trempé dans les configurations véhicule. Les joints de vitrage, absents du modèle, étaient alors suspectés d’être à l’origine de cette variation. Par la suite, l’examen expérimental du comportement vibro-acoustique des verres montés dans les joints a permis d’observer un apport de dissipation des joints. Celui- ci se traduisait alors par une augmentation de l’isolation acoustique du vitrage. Cette isolation caractérisant les vitrages dans le modèle, sa sensibilité aux apports de dissipation des joints de vitrage devait être intégrée dans notre approche numérique. Enfin, après avoir analysé les mécanismes de dissipation intervenant pour le vitrage et les joints, un modèle numérique basé sur la méthode éléments finis a été mis en place. Il prédit l’isolation acoustique du vitrage à intégrer dans le modèle numérique SEA pour tenir compte de l’effet des joints aux limites de l’échantillon de verre. Étant donné que la calibration du modèle à des moyennes et hautes fréquences est le fruit d’un processus empiriques de recherche de paramètres, il demeure essentiel de considérer une révision par de futurs travaux du modèle et de la méthode de rechercheAs the cabins of new vehicles become increasingly silent, the sound quality and the acoustic comfort have become key arguments for car manufacturers to destinguish themselves from their competitors. Research on sound perception currently relies on an experimental approach involving juries listening to signals recorded on prototypes. To avoid the costs associated with these elaborate setups, a digital approach is proposed in the present work. The results of a model based on the SEA method (Statistical Energy Analysis), developed by Saint-Gobain Research Compiègne, would be used to generate the signals for subjective experiences. It is already used to predict the impact of glazing changes on the interior noise level of a vehicle exposed to environmental noise. However, its use to assess the automotive acoustic comfort brought about by these changes raises several questions, which we address in this thesis : — How should we generate audio signals from the predicted sound pressure level? — Can we use the obtained signals to evaluate acoustic comfort inside the car cabin with the same effectiveness as with recordings measured in the vehicle? Firstly, a signal generation process based on data obtained from the numerical model was proposed and then validated through a perceptual experiment. Next, two other subjective assessments by a panel of judges revealed a similar trend in the annoyance experienced, for several glazing configurations, regardless of the origin of the sounds (simulated or measured). They did, however, highlight a discrepancy in the assessments when tempered glazing was introduced into the vehicle configurations. The window seals, which were not included in the model, were suspected of being the cause of this variation. Subsequently, the experimental examination of the vibro-acoustic behavior of a flat glass installed in the window seals allowed us to observe a dissipation contribution from the seals. This resulted in an increase of the acoustic insulation of the glazing. As this insulation characterizes the glazing in the model, its sensitivity to the dissipation contribution of the seals had to be incorporated into our numerical approach. Finally, after analyzing the dissipation mechanisms for both the glazing and the seals, a numerical model based on the finite element method was implemented. It predicts the acoustic insulation of the glazing as it should be integrated into the SEA numerical model in order to take account of the effect of the joints at the boundaries of the glass sample. Given that the calibration of the model at mid-high frequencies is the result of an empirical parameter search process, it is essential to consider revising the model and search method in future work
2
Cheer, Jordan. "Active control of the acoustic environment in an automobile cabin." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/348819/.
Анотація:
The acoustic environment in an automobile cabin has a significant effect on the perceived quality of the vehicle. There are two components of the acoustic environment in the automobile cabin: the noise due to automotive processes and the sound produced by the car audio system. In both cases active methods can be employed to improve the acoustic environment and this thesis presents an investigation of both active control of automotive noise and active sound reproduction systems in cars. In the context of active noise control, cost-effective systems are investigated for the control of both engine noise and road noise. A model of structural-acoustic coupling is first derived and the effects of coupling on the performance of feedforward and feedback controllers is investigated. Feedforward control has been highlighted as a cost-effective method of controlling engine noise. In order to achieve low-cost active control of road noise, however, a number of multi-source, multi-sensor feedback active noise control systems are investigated. A modal feedback control system is investigated and shown to offer significant levels of control of a single dominant resonance. In general, however, a fully multi-input multi-output (MIMO) feedback controller is necessary to achieve control of the multiple resonances present in a road noise disturbance. Measurements have been conducted in a small city car to validate the proposed MIMO feedback controller and a real-time feedforward engine order control system has been implemented. Active control of sound reproduction has also been investigated with the aim of producing independent listening zones in the front and rear seats of the automobile cabin. Simulations have first been used to investigate the effect of implementing a personal audio system in a car cabin and to compare the performance of acoustic contrast and least squares optimisation strategies. In order to achieve control of the sound field over the full audio bandwidth two arrays are implemented, one employing the four standard car audio loudspeakers and one employing phase-shift loudspeakers mounted to the headrests. The performance of the system is validated using a real-time implementation in a people carrier.
3
Couche, Jerome Christophe. "Active control of automobile cabin noise with conventional and advanced speakers." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31654.
Анотація:
Recently much research has focused on the control of enclosed sound fields, particularly in automobiles. Both Active Noise Control (ANC) and Active Structural Acoustic Control (ASAC) techniques are being applied to problems stemming from power train noise and road noise (noise due to the interaction of the tires with the surface of the road). Due to the low frequency characteristics of these noise problems, large acoustic sources are required to obtain efficient control of the sound field. This creates demand in the automobile industry for compact lightweight sources.
This work is concerned with the application of active control to power train noise, as well as road noise in the interior cabin of a sport utility vehicle using advanced, compact lightweight piezoelectric acoustic sources. First, a test structure approximately the same size as the automobile was built to study the principles of active noise control in a cavity. A finite element model of the cavity was created in order to optimize the positions of the error sensors and the control sources. Experimental work was performed with the optimized actuator and sensor locations in order to validate the model, and draw conclusions regarding the conditions to obtain global control of the sound field. Second, a broad-band feedforward filtered-X LMS algorithm was used to control power train noise. Preliminary power train noise tests were conducted using arrangements of four microphones and up to four commercially available speakers for control. Attenuation of seven decibel (dB) at the error sensors was measured in the 40-500 Hz frequency band. The dimensions of the zone of quiet generated by the control were measured, and show that noise reductions were obtained for a large volume surrounding the error sensors. Next, advanced speakers were implemented for active control of power train noise. The results obtained with different arrangements of these speakers were very similar to those obtained with the commercially-available speakers. These advanced speakers use piezoelectric devices to induce the displacement of a speaker membrane, which radiates sound. Their lighter weight and compact dimensions are a significant advantage over conventional speakers, for their application in automobile. Third, preliminary results were obtained for active control of road noise. The controller used an optimized set of four reference signals to control the noise at one error sensor using one control source. Two sets of tests were conducted. The first set of tests was performed on a dynamometer, which simulates the effects of the road on the tires. The second set of tests was performed on a rough road. Reduction of two to four decibel of the sound pressure level at the error sensor was obtained between 100 and 200 Hz.Master of Science
4
Tuka, Ján. "Modelování prostředí v kabině osobního automobilu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229832.
Анотація:
The thesis deals with the evaluation of indoor environment cab passenger car, with a focus on thermal comfort of passengers. The theoretical part contains the fundamentals of heat transfer, analysis of the aspects affecting human thermal comfort and its assessment methods. A brief description of the ventilation and air conditioning systems used in passenger cars is mentioned. The practical part includes numerical simulations of indoor environment, in selected driving modes and at different climatic conditions. Results of simulations lead to evaluation the status of the internal environment in terms of thermal comfort.
5
Khoudeir, Riad. "L'amélioration de l'habitabilité automobile de demain : l'application des principes de la construction architecturale de la maison dans la conception de l'habitacle des concepts-cars." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPL004N/document.
Анотація:
Notre recherche s’inscrit dans le domaine du génie industriel. Elle porte sur l’amélioration de l’habitabilité de l’habitacle de l’automobile de demain. Cette étude met en évidence l’influence de la conception de l’habitat sur la conception de l’habitacle de l’automobile. L’objectif de ce travail est de proposer un outil destiné à aider le concepteur de l’automobile à introduire les principes de la construction architecturale de l’habitat dans la conception de l’habitacle de l’automobile pour améliorer son habitabilité. Dans notre démarche expérimentale nous avons adopté des principes de la méthode d’analyse des tendances conjointe comme les mappings et les planches de catégorisation. Cette démarche montre que les concepteurs de l’automobile ont orienté leur démarche vers l’intégration de plus en plus de principes de la construction architecturale de l’habitat dans la conception de l’habitacle des concept-cars. L’enquête que nous avons effectuée auprès des architectes et des designers nous a confirmé que l’habitat et l’automobile partagent les mêmes critères de l’habitabilité. Aussi, elle nous a affirmé l’impact positif des principes de la construction architecturale de l’habitat sur l’amélioration des critères de l’habitabilité dans l’espace de l’habitacle automobile. Notre recherche ouvre des perspectives pour analyser l’impact des autres secteurs d’influence comme l’aéronautique et l’électronique sur la conception de l’automobile. Aussi, elle montre l’importance de l’analyse de l’impact de la conception de l’automobile sur la conception de l’habitat du futurThe research field of this work is Industrial Engineering. This paper presents a study made to improve tomorrow’s automobile cabin habitability. It is focused on showing the influence on car-interior design by today’s home-interior design. The objective of this work is to propose a tool intended to help automobile designers to introduce home architectural construction principles into the car’s cabin design to improve its habitability. In our experimental phase we adopted principles of the method of analysis of the joint tendencies such as mappings and boards of categorization. This step showed that car designers have been increasingly using the home architectural construction principles on the car’s cabin conception design. Our research took into account the opinion of experts in both areas: architecture and design. In this way, we can be certain that the home and the automobile share the same criteria of habitability. We could also confirm that home architectural principles have a positive impact on the improvement of the habitability criteria in space design of the automobile’s cabin. This work opens a research line to analyze the influence of different areas in automobile design, such as aeronautics and electronics. This study can also show the inverse perspective of how car design can eventually have an impact on the future home design
6
Kubík, Petr. "Design dodávkového automobilu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228378.
Анотація:
The diploma work is aimed at a complex design of a delivery van of the near future. The need for a delivery van to be used as a working tool is constantly evolving. This is namely caused by the expansion of on-line shops & the need to save on running cost of a business. The delivery van is especially designed for use in city traffic. The innovation reveals a single person cabin with panoramatic view, ecological propulsion of the vehicle and the technical solution to the suspension of wheels which allow the turning of all 4 wheels to an angle ranging from -55° to +90°. As a result the vehicle has the ability to perpendicularly drive up to a pavement, fitting in a very narrow space. In addition, it can freely drive forward or backward in a sideway direction. The loading space of the delivery van and its floor is modified as such to allow for one man manipulation, making loading & unloading of goods a simpler task.
7
Kučera, Cyril. "CFD simulace proudění vzduchu v kabině automobilu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-378275.
Анотація:
The diploma thesis deals with CFD simulating the air flow inside the car using the numerical calculation program Star-CCM+. The aim of the thesis was to prepare 3D geometry, resp. realistic model of the real car, preparing boundary conditions including material properties, simulating the steady state of the environment and evaluating the speed and temperature of the car cabin. The paper presents the results of the temperature distribution and air velocities in the cabin during the winter, spring and summer conditions in HVAC on and HVAC off modes. The monitored air temperatures and surface temperatures of the car parts are compared with the measured data. The average difference between simulation and measurement was at air temperatures of 2.3 °C and surface temperatures of 3.4 °C.
8
Renouard, Mathilde. "Vers de nouveaux matériaux poreux pour l’adsorption d’odeurs de l'air habitacle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPSLS019.
Анотація:
La pollution de l’air intérieur est celle à laquelle les êtres humains sont les plus exposés, passant environ 90% de leur temps en environnement intérieur (habitation, lieux de travail, véhicule...). A l’origine de cette pollution, le dégagement de Composés Organiques Volatils (COVs) conduisant, lors d’une exposition forte et/ou prolongée, à des effets sanitaires et/ou gênes olfactives.Les Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) apparaissent comme des solides poreux très prometteurs pour leur capture. En effet, leur haut degré de modularité permet de façonner à dessein leur structure cristalline et leur composition chimique en fonction de l’application cible. Cette thèse vise à déterminer des propriétés physico-chimiques clés et nécessaires aux MOFs pour une adsorption efficace de COVs, en particulier ceux présents dans l’habitacle des véhicules. L’étude menée a impliqué la mise en place de deux protocoles analytiques expérimentaux, le premier permettant une sélection de matériaux qui seront analysés de manière plus approfondie par le deuxième protocole, ainsi qu’une étude théorique pour la modélisation des interactions COV-MOF. Grâce à l’ensemble de ces outils, les performances d’une dizaine de MOFs ont été évaluées pour l’adsorption de trois COVs différents et ce dans des conditions variées : corps purs, mélange de COVs, variabilité dans leurs concentrations, matériaux poreux seuls ou combinés, présence d’humidité, essais statiques ou dynamiques. Des propriétés clés ont ainsi pu être identifiées comme favorables à l’adsorption des COVs (espaceur aromatique, acidité de Lewis, acidité de Bronsted...)The impact of indoor air pollution is the most pronounced among humans, since about 90% of the time is spent indoors (home, workplace, vehicle ...). The origin of this pollution is partly due to the release of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) that induces various health issues or olfactory discomfort when they are breathed in high concentration or during a prolonged period. Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) appear as very promising materials for their capture. Indeed, their high degree of modularity allows to design the adequate structure and composition according to the targeted application.This Ph.D. project aims at studying the key physico-chemical properties required for MOFs to efficiently adsorb VOCs originating especially from car passenger compartment. The study involved the set-up of two analytical experimental protocols. The first one allowing a selection of materials that are further in-depth analyses by the second one, and coupled with a theoretical study for VOC-MOF interactions modeling. The performance of a series of ten MOFs was therefore evaluated against three typical VOCs under various conditions: pure component, mixture, humidity conditions, under dynamic and static states. Key parameters of the MOFs were thus identified for the efficient capture of VOCs (aromatic spacer, Lewis’s acidity, Bronsted acidity...)
9
Pokorný, Jan. "Svázání fyziologického modelu s modelem tepelného komfortu." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-234004.
Анотація:
The thesis deals with car cabin environment and thermal comfort inside. A car cabin heat load model was developed in Dymola/Modelica to investigate influence of ambient environmental parameters. The model was validated on the data set of eight test cases measured in a climatic chamber and in a real traffic. The main objective of the thesis was to develop a human thermal comfort model suitable for non-homogenous environments and for a car cabin environment especially. The Coupled model of human physiology and thermal comfort was developed in Dymola/Modelica. The model allows predicting an overall human thermal comfort from local boundary conditions representing ambient and personal factors. The model was validated by 16 test cases taken from experiments in literature. Moreover three test cases were created in Theseus-FE to consider an asymmetrical heat load from Sun rays inside a car cabin. Prediction of the Coupled model was compared with Fiala model and experimental data. The Coupled model predicted mean skin temperature for moderate activities in neutral and warm environment well. In cold environment a predicted core temperature was very affected by ambient temperature and during high activity exercises, the predicted mean skin temperature was too high.
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Hammadi, Youssef. "Réduction d'un modèle 0D instationnaire et non-linéaire de thermique habitacle pour l’optimisation énergétique des véhicules automobiles." Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLM027.
Анотація:
L’utilisation de la climatisation automobile engendre physiquement une surconsommation de carburant. Pour diminuer cette surconsommation, il existe deux leviers principaux. Le premier consiste à travailler en amont sur la définition technique de l’habitacle et du système de climatisation. Le second levier consiste à optimiser les stratégies de contrôle. Dans les deux cas, il s’avère incontournable de construire des modèles de thermique habitacle précis et rapides à évaluer. Ce qui fait l’objet de cette thèse CIFRE du Groupe Renault. Dans un premier temps, une méthodologie de réduction de modèles est exploitée pour passer d’un modèle éléments finis 3D à un modèle 0D. Ce modèle 0D est basé sur des bilans de masse et d’énergie sur les différentes parois et zones d’air de la cabine. Il prend la forme d’un système d’équations algébro-différentielles non-linéaire qui peut être transcrit en Bond Graph. De plus, le modèle 0D exploite un couplage faible entre la thermique et la mécanique des fluides issue des calculs CFD (aéraulique et aérodynamique externe). Dans un deuxième temps, on applique une méthode d’apprentissage automatique aux données générées par le modèle 0D en vue de construire un modèle 0D réduit. Un plan d’expériences est considéré à cette étape. Du fait de la non-linéarité des échanges thermiques, nous avons développé une approche qui s’inspire des méthodes Gappy POD et EIM. La base réduite utilisée est une base multiphysique qui tient compte de plusieurs contributions (températures, enthalpies, flux thermiques et humidités). Le modèle réduit obtenu est un modèle hybride qui couple quelques équations physiques d’origine à un réseau de neurones artificiel. La méthodologie de réduction a été déployée sur des véhicules Renault. Les modèles réduits ont été intégrés dans la plateforme GREEN de synthèse énergétique qui modélise différentes thermiques (moteur, transmission, circuit de refroidissement, batterie, HVAC, boucle froide, sous-capot) en vue de faire des études de gestion thermique qui revêtent une importance particulière pour les véhicules électriques et hybrides. Les modèles réduits ont été validés sur plusieurs scénarios (boucle de régulation pour le confort thermique, cycle d’homologation, couplage HVAC) et ont permis d’obtenir des gains CPU allant jusqu’à 99% avec des erreurs moyennes de 0,5°C sur les températures et 0,6% sur les humidités relativesThe use of automotive air conditioning leads to a fuel overconsumption. To reduce this overconsumption, we can either work upstream on the technical definitions of the cabin and the HVAC system or optimize control strategies. In both cases, it is essential to build a cabin thermal model that well balances accuracy and complexity. This is the topic of this PhD thesis driven by Renault Group. First, a model reduction methodology is used to build a 0D model starting from a 3D finite element cabin thermal model. This 0D model is based on mass and energy balances on the different cabin walls and air zones. It consists of a nonlinear differential algebraic equations system which can be reinterpreted as a Bond Graph. In addition, the 0D model is based on a weak coupling between the thermal equations and the fluid mechanics ones resulting from CFD calculations (internal airflow and external aerodynamics). Secondly, we apply a machine learning method to the data generated by the 0D model in order to build a reduced 0D model. A design of experiment is considered at this stage. Due to the nonlinearity of the heat exchanges, we have developed an approach which is inspired by the Gappy POD and EIM methods. We use a multiphysics reduced basis that takes several contributions into account (temperatures, enthalpies, heat fluxes and humidities). The resulting reduced model is a hybrid model that couples some of the original physical equations to an artificial neural network. The reduction methodology has been validated on Renault vehicles. The reduced order models have been integrated into a vehicle system-level energetic simulation platform (GREEN) which models different thermics (engine, transmission, cooling system, battery, HVAC, refrigerant circuit, underhood) in order to perform thermal management studies which are of particular importance for electric and hybrid vehicles. The reduced order models have been validated on several scenarios (temperature control for thermal comfort, driving cycles, HVAC coupling) and have achieved CPU gains of up to 99% with average errors of 0.5 °C on temperatures and 0.6% on relative humidities
Книги з теми "Automobile cabins":
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Martin, Clifford. Electronic connections: Home and car entertainment systems. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice-Hall, 1987.
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Climate control and automotive cabin air filtration. Warrendale, Pa: Society of Automotive Engineers, 1994.
3
Russell, Tony. Rural Rhythm. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190091187.001.0001.
Анотація:
Music historian Tony Russell explores a collection of records of early country music from the 1920s and ’30s, unlocking and revealing their hidden stories. The seventy-eight essays on selected 78rpm discs explain what they tell us about the musicians who sang and played the songs and tunes, the listeners who absorbed them, and the development of the genre—old-time music—in which they found a home. To illuminate their world, the author details how they were recorded, the intentions and interventions of the companies that made the recordings, and their fates once they were issued. There are songs, and stories of songs, about home and family, love and courtship, marriage and separation, childhood and schooldays, old age and death, crime and punishment, farms and floods, chain gangs and chain stores, wagons and automobiles, dogs and mules, drink, disasters, jokes, journeys, money, memories, and much more. Drawing on new research, contemporary newspapers, and previously unpublished interviews, Rural Rhythm charts the tempos and styles of rural and small-town music-making, and the gearshift that accelerated country music from the barndance pace of the 1920s to the hyperdrive of late-’30s proto-bluegrass and Western Swing: from “The Little Old Log Cabin in the Lane” to “New San Antonio Rose.” At the same time, it notates the larger rural rhythm of life in these years in the South, Southwest, and Midwest, with its recreations, its rituals, and its oddities, to produce a narrative that blends the musical and social history of the era.
Частини книг з теми "Automobile cabins":
1
Bisht, Arinjay, and Hemprasad Yashwant Patil. "Active Noise Cancellation System in Automobile Cabins Using an Optimized Adaptive Step-Size FxLMS Algorithm." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 187–200. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2008-9_18.
2
Yang, Chaoxiang, Jianxin Cheng, Zhang Zhang, and Xinhui Kang. "Evaluation and Research on Interior Decoration Design of Automobile Cabins Based on Intention Recognition – Taking Control Panel Design for an Example." In Cross-Cultural Design, 299–304. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40093-8_30.
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Jadhav, Sahadev M., M. Arulprakasajothi, U. Chandrasekhar, and D. Yuvarajan. "Experimental Investigation of Vapour Absorption Refrigeration Cycle for Automobile Cabin Cooling." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 41–51. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2697-4_5.
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Oliveira, Loreno, Emerson Loureiro, Hyggo Almeida, and Angelo Perkusich. "Pervasive and Grid Computing Merging." In Human Computer Interaction, 254–61. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-87828-991-9.ch019.
Анотація:
Nowadays, we are experiencing an increasing use of mobile and embedded devices. These devices, aided by the emergence of new wireless technologies and software paradigms, among other technological conquests, are providing means to accomplish the vision of a new era in computer science. In this vision, the way we create and use computational systems changes drastically for a model where computers loose their “computer appearance.” Their sizes were reduced, cables were substituted by wireless connections, and they are becoming part of everyday objects, such as clothes, automobiles, and domestic equipments. Initially called ubiquitous computing, this paradigm of computation is also known as pervasive computing (Weiser, 1991). It is mainly characterized by the use of portable devices that interact with other portable devices and resources from wired networks to offer personalized services to the users. While leveraging pervasive computing, these portable devices also bring new challenges to the research in this area. The major problems arise from the limitations of the devices. At the same time that pervasive computing was attaining space within the research community, the field of grid computing (Foster, Kesselman, & Tuecke, 2001) was also gaining visibility and growing in maturity and importance. More than just a low cost platform for high performance computing, grid computing emerges as a solution for virtualization and sharing of computational resources. In the context of virtual organizations, both grid and pervasive computing assemble a number of features that are quite desirable for several scenarios within this field, notably the exchanging of information and computational resources among environments and organizations. The features of these technologies are enabling system designers to provide newer and enhanced kinds of services within different contexts, such as industry, marketing, commerce, education, businesses, and convenience. Furthermore, as time goes on, researchers have made attempts of extracting and incorporating the better of the two technologies, thus fostering the evolution of existing solutions and the development of new applications. On the one hand, pervasive computing researchers are essentially interested in using wired grids to hide the limitations of mobile devices. On the other hand, grid computing researchers are broadening the diversity of resources adhered to the grid by incorporating mobile devices. This chapter presents part of our experiences in the research of both pervasive and grid computing. We start with an overview about grid and pervasive technologies. Following, there are described and discussed approaches for combining pervasive and grid computing. These approaches are presented from both perspectives of grid and pervasive computing research. Finally, in the last section, there are presented our criticisms about the approaches discussed and our hopes about the future steps for this blend of technologies.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Automobile cabins":
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Mathur, Gursaran. "Investigation of Propagation of Viruses and Risk of Infection in Automobile Cabins." In WCX SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2024-01-2579.
Анотація:
<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The author has developed UV based photocatalytic air purification system (Mathur, <span class="xref">2021</span>, 2122, 2023) that can eliminate all pathogens from the cabin air including COVID-19. In this study, the focus is to determine the risk of infection due to pathogens/germs in the cabin of an automobile. Author has determined the risk of infection by using Wells-Riley model and conducted CFD analysis to determine propagation of virus in cabin as a function of:<ol class="list nostyle"><li class="list-item"><span class="li-label">1</span><div class="htmlview paragraph">Cabin Volume & Number of Occupants (Wells-Riley Model in OSA mode): (i) Cabin volume from: Small Sedan, Large Sedan and a SUV; with 4 occupants (males & females); Number of infector 1; Air flowrate (m<sup>3</sup>/min); (ii) A 15-seater minibus – with 10 occupants (males); Number of infectors 1 & 2; Air flowrate (m<sup>3</sup>/min)</div></li><li class="list-item"><span class="li-label">2</span><div class="htmlview paragraph">CFD to simulate 4 occupants and 1 infector in an automotive cabin – Current investigation is for talking, coughing and sneezing with blower off in Recirc mode wit (i) Infector in the front seat; (ii) Infector in the rear seat.</div></li></ol></div><div class="htmlview paragraph">Based on this investigation, following is a brief summary of the important variables affecting risk of infection: (i) Cabin volume, Cabin air flowrate, Lung capacity – males and females/Number of breath/min, Number of occupants, Number of infectors, Number of quanta; (ii) CFD Analysis: This investigation consists of simulating the propagation of virus laced saliva particles (droplets) coming out from an occupant’s mouth while sitting in the front & rear of the cabin. Occupants (infectors) were simulated by talking, coughing and sneezing through CFD. This was done in recirculation mode with blower on and off. The following are the important finding from this study: Cabin % relative humidity, Cabin internal volume, Seat geometry, Location (front or rear) of the infector (occupant) talking, coughing and sneezing, Occupant (Infector) height.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">Detailed analysis has been presented in this paper that will be helpful in developing mitigating strategies to control the spread of virus in an automobile cabin.</div></div>
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Wang, Yan, and Danhua Zhao. "User's Emotional Feedback to Automobile Cabin's Dynamic Coloured Light." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001930.
Анотація:
Automobile Cabin's light, as a novel emotional feedback medium, has attracted considerable attention. In this experimental study, we investigated the effects of the Cabin's light on the user's emotional feedback while the light’s color varied in hue, chroma and dynamic patterns. A total of 20 hunan University students visually experienced 18 different kinds of lights and made subjective assessments from three dimensions: valence, arousal and uniqueness. As a result, We observed that light’s chroma had a significant effect on the emotion of dynamic patterns, and there were differences in the effect of chroma among dynamic patterns under different light’s hue. The low chroma smooth light patterns performed more positive valence, on the contrary, the high chroma sudden light patterns brough higher arousal level, and the uniqueness was related to personal choice tendency. This study provides experience for designing satisfactory Cabin's light from the perspective of user emotional feedback.
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McDonald, Bruce, Mark Gogins, Jim Rothman, and James Scott. "Discriminating Tests for Automobile Cabin Air Filter Media." In SAE International Congress and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/970670.
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Li, J., R. D. Hodges, S. S. Schiffman, H. T. Nagle, R. Gutierrez-Osuna, G. Luckey, and J. Crowell. "Odor assessment of automobile cabin air by machine olfaction." In 2014 IEEE Sensors. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsens.2014.6985356.
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Dube, Devashish, and Piyush Pradip Upkare. "Humidity Controlled Evaporative Cooler for Cooling of Automotive Cabin." In WCX SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2024-01-2580.
Анотація:
<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The discussed invention is centered on the evaporative cooling of a vehicle cabin, introducing a novel concept of humidity control. Unlike conventional Air Conditioning (AC) systems that operate on the Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle (VCRC), which tend to be costly and contribute to higher fuel consumption due to the engine-driven compressor in automobiles, there is currently no other Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) fitted cabin cooling option available to address this issue. This paper introduces the idea of a humidity-controlled evaporative cooler. The objective of humidity control is achieved through a controller unit that receives feedback from a humidity sensor, subsequently regulating the operation of the water pump. The ambient air is passed through a humidified honeycomb pad, cooling through the principle of evaporation. To prevent any leftover water droplets from entering the cabin, a polyester nonwoven filter has been integrated into the system. This invention not only makes the system robust, easy to install, and simple to maintain but also effectively controls the cabin's humidity level, providing comfort to the occupant. The prototype of the proposed concept is currently undergoing testing on a vehicle, and preliminary results show a temperature drop of 7.5°C concerning the ambient temperature without the use of any refrigerant that could harm the environment. In conclusion, it can be deduced that the proposed invention is more efficient in terms of cost, power consumption, space utilization, and provides superior cooling capabilities.</div></div>
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Bodla, Murali, Riyazuddin Mohammed, Rajesh Bhangale, and Khumbhar Mansinh. "Identification of Sound Quality Parameters With Respect to Subjective Feel of HVAC Noise of Diesel SUV’s." In ASME 2012 Noise Control and Acoustics Division Conference at InterNoise 2012. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ncad2012-1280.
Анотація:
Recent trends in developing quieter diesel power plants in automobiles leading to unmasking the secondary sound sources. One of the major secondary sound sources of in-cabin noise is HVAC system. HVAC noise is one such sound likely to be present as long as the automobile is in use. In extreme climatic conditions, like in India, HVAC is majorly operated at higher speeds and adding to that SUV volume requires more air circulation which generates lot of flow induced noise. Under these conditions, the contribution of HVAC noise is more significant for passengers and many a times it influences subjective cognition that causes the driver’s emotional response to be unpleasant, it is more important to identify the most significant sound quality parameters that contribute to the perception of HVAC noise. Measurements were done on five different diesel SUVs with different HVAC operating conditions each having variable fan speeds with engine on and off respectively. Using the semantic differential technique subjective rating of the measured signals has been done. The psycho acoustic parameters calculated objectively for the measured interior sounds later those were compared with subjective rating by using HVAC noise function (HNF) to obtain the suitable parameters to represent HVAC noise.
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Mukai, Hikari, Katsumi Sawatari, Kiyoshi Naruse, and Hironobu Fukumori. "Visualization of Sound Field in Automobile Cabin using Sound Intensity Technique." In 2003 JSAE/SAE International Spring Fuels and Lubricants Meeting. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2003-01-2017.
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Wang, Liang, Woon Seng Gan, and Yong Kim Chong. "New Equalizing Scheme of Active Noise Equalization System in Automobile Cabin." In Multimedia and Expo, 2007 IEEE International Conference on. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icme.2007.4284872.
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Mathur, Gursaran D. "Effect of Cabin Volume on Build-up of Cabin Carbon Dioxide Concentrations from Occupant Breathing in Automobiles." In WCX World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2018-01-0074.
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Han Guang-yu and Jin Xiao-xiong. "Analysis of active noise control method's effect on automobile cabin noise loudness improvement." In 2011 International Conference on Electric Information and Control Engineering (ICEICE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceice.2011.5777098.