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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Auto-Ségrégation"
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Статті в журналах з теми "Auto-Ségrégation"
Capron, Guénola. "Auto-ségrégation résidentielle et ordre urbain chez les classes moyenne et supérieure à Mexico : une question d’échelle ?" L’Espace Politique, no. 17 (June 13, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/espacepolitique.2346.
Повний текст джерелаDuhau, Emilio. "AS NOVAS FORMAS DA DIVISÃO SOCIAL DO ESPAÇO NAS METRÓPOLES LATINO-AMERICANAS: uma visão comparativa a partir da cidade do México." Caderno CRH 18, no. 45 (August 21, 2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/ccrh.v18i45.18532.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Auto-Ségrégation"
David, Gabriel. "Structure et dynamique du cytoplasme auto-organisé : exemple par la ségrégation du génome bactérien." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTS098.
Повний текст джерелаCellular organisms appear organized. Bacteria use membraneless compartments to confine chemical reactions in space and time. There is a general paradigm of intracellular space self-organization that distinguishes between self-assembly, molecular structures assembled by passive phase transition mechanisms, and dissipative structures, generated for example by reaction-diffusion processes. If self-assemblies correspond to the evolution towards thermodynamic equilibrium, dissipative structures are manifestations of an out-of-equilibrium energy cost. We illustrate this paradigm by studying the segregation of bacterial genome, in this case the F-plasmid segregation of Escherichia coli, based on the ParABS partition system. Segregation is a crucial step in the bacterial cell cycle since it ensures the transmission of genetic information in daughter bacteria before division.The ParABS system consists of a parS centromeric sequence; a ParB protein which is able to bind to DNA, specifically on the parS sequence and not specifically elsewhere; and a ParA ATPase protein than can bind to DNA. Interactions between ParB proteins on DNA and specific adsorption on the parS sequence lead to the formation of a three-dimensional focus called the ParBS complex located around the parS sequence. Interactions between ParA and ParB proteins lead to the positioning of this complex at the center of the cell cytoplasm. After replication, two ParBS complexes exist and are segregated by the action of ParA proteins at positions 1/4 and 3/4 of the intracellular space.We first seek to explain the formation of ParBS complexes by a passive phase separation mechanism between high- and low-density states of ParB proteins in space. We construct two statistical physics models using tools borrowed from the physics of phase transitions. Our second approach rigorously defines all the elements of the biological system consisting of the interacting DNA-polymer and ParB proteins and allows us to formulate a first-order phase transition existence criterion that is verified by the DNA. We can draw the phase diagrams of this transition. These two models allow us to argue that the physiological thermodynamic regime of this biological system is a regime of metastable coexistence in ParB proteins on DNA. The parS sequence plays the role of a defect or nucleation seed. We use a third approach to explain the relationship between the three-dimensional and DNA distributions of ParB proteins around the parS sequence.We try to explain the fluorescence recovery curves from photobleaching experiments on ParBS complexes. We construct an in silico photobleaching method, i.e. we reproduce these recovery curves from a phenomenological equation solved numerically. We then develop a system of equations that describe the evolution of proteins on DNA from the previous statistical physical approach to produce an in silico photobleaching taking into account that ParBS complexes are the result of phase separation. We show that a pure passive system does not allow photobleaching experiments because of the Ostwald maturation undergone by the complexes. We correct this approach by including ParA proteins and their biochemical cycle in our simulations. We show that the interactions between ParA and ParB proteins and the hydrolysis of ATP allows the survival of several ParBS complexes thanks to an inversion mechanism of Ostwald's ripening. This fundamental approach explains the positioning of ParBS complexes during segregation
Reboul, Chrystilla. "Auto-assemblage de copolymères à blocs à haute force de ségrégation dans une configuration de film mince." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01017175.
Повний текст джерелаBouali, Zakaria. "Impact d'une phase liquide dispersée sur le processus d'auto-inflammation : prise en compte d'une chimie détaillée." Rouen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ROUES021.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis discusses the influence of spray evaporation in the autoignition process. This research topic is a key component of the Industrial Systems Framework such as diesel engines and similar processes based on turbulent combustion initiated by autoignition of a fuel / air mixture prepared by injection of a liquid fuel. We used a Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) code in which the gas phase is solved by an Eulerian approach, while the dispersed liquid phase is modelled by a Lagrangian approach. To account for autoignition complex phenomena, a skeletal chemical kinetic is directly resolved. In the first part of this work, the influence of gas and liquid properties on the autoignition delay was studied. On several configurations (homogeneous and heterogeneous reactors, homogeneous isotropic turbulence), comparisons between diphasic autoignition and purely gaseous autoignition highlight the impact of the evaporating spray. The emphasis is on the location of the moist reactive zone and the existence of a strong correlation between regions of low scalar dissipation and the most favourable autoignition sites. In the second part, a tabulated chemistry model FPI (Flame of Prolongation LMDL) based on the closure of reaction rates from tabulated species mass fractions was implemented to evaluate the ability to reproduce results obtained by the complex chemistry approach. Comparisons with the resolved complex chemistry were performed on homogeneous and turbulent cases with the presence of droplets. It turns out that the presence of an evaporating spray strongly modifies the chemistry evolution process making it difficult to use "a priori" tabulations
Dettori, François. "La bourgeoisie messine à l'aune de ses espaces et de ses caractéristiques socio-économiques : homogénéité ou disparité ?" Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0055.
Повний текст джерелаAlthough the "Beaux quartiers” are less subject to sociological investigation, they remain prominent segregated spaces in France. Studies and research on the bourgeoisie and on specific spaces of the bourgeoisie are often focused on large French cities such as Paris, Lyons or Marseilles. A smaller city such as Metz has never been studied solely in terms of its bourgeois population.The objective of this dissertation is to examine the socioeconomic characteristics of the Metz bourgeoisie and the way in which it is distributed within the Metz urban area. The latter encompasses the central city of Metz and also its suburbs and suburban ring. Our research is based on empirical material consisting of semi-structured interviews conducted with representative members of the Metz bourgeoisie or highly regarded bourgeois and aristocratic Metz families, as well as with various specialists (real estate agents specialising in prestigious properties, art historians, etc.). In order to grasp the complexity of the Metz bourgeoisie, various statistical and cartographic indicators but also photographic material were used.Firstly, the study presents a state of the art on social and territorial fragmentation in France so as to highlight upward ghettoization.Secondly, the study sheds light on the main benchmarks of wealth and its estimation, while specifying the representational and multidimensional aspects. In addition, the challenges and difficulties of studying wealth and the bourgeoisie are also explained.The Metz bourgeoisie is then studied through the fourfold prism of its residential distribution, its sociability spaces, its socio-economic and socio-electoral characteristics, but also the prism of some of the city's great emblematic families – after a historical perspective.Finally, the study describes and comparatively analyses a particular space of the Metz bourgeoisie – the “Nouvelle Ville” neighbourhood – by showing elements of urban and social morphology and by explaining the criteria of residential selection and the forms of sociability specific to the inhabitants of this rich self-segregated neighbourhood
Bello, Latifou. "Mise au point d'une méthodologie pour formuler de nouveaux bétons auto-plaçants légers et durables." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20137/document.
Повний текст джерелаSelf compacting concrete (SCC) is generally known as the concrete capable of filling up the given structure only using its self weight without any need for vibration and compaction during pouring process. On the other hand, the structural lightweight concrete (LWC) has emerged due to its lightness and all the advantages related to lower thermal insulating characteristics. The two materials open way to the lightweight self compacting concrete (LWSCC) in order to combine the favorable properties of LWC with those of SCC.However, the difference in density between the lightweight aggregate and cement paste complicate the mix design and production of LWSCC. Furthermore, existing mix design methods which are mostly borrowed from SCC design methods are empirical. Therefore, this thesis aims to develop a rational mix design method for suitable lightweight self-compacting concrete. This approach is built around a set of coherent data whose compaction index of granular skeleton and on the experimental data such as water absorption in the cement paste and segregation. From this method, different ranges of LWSCC are proposed to meet the requirements of the specification in terms of dry density and compressive strength. Its implementation was used to simulate and formulate LWSCC of workability classes from SF1 to SF3, density class from D1.8 to D2.0 and resistance class from LC35/38 to LC50/55. The mix design method also explored the total lightweight self compacting concrete (TLWSCC) that may constitute an innovative solution for the concrete industry in the context of the new thermal regulations for buildings
Zonglong, Yang. "Auto-organisation des Acyl Steroid Glycosides (ASG) : Etude des relations structure-propriétés pour les cas de l’α-CAG et du BbGL 1, constituants de membranes bactériennes". Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEI041.
Повний текст джерелаAcyl steryl glycosides (ASGs) are a family of glycolipids which exhibit a peculiar amphiphilic character based on the presence of two hydrophobic appendages, one steroid moiety and one fatty alkyl chain, attached on a polar carbohydrate backbone. In the frame of our studies on the self-organisation properties of carbohydrate-based amphiphiles, this thesis is an investigation of the behavior of ASGs, in particular α-CAG and BbGL 1, two natural compounds found in bacterial membranes, Helicobacter pylori, Borrelia burgdorferi repectively, who exhibit close structures but different bioactivity. Our work has aimed at determining the key structural parameters governing their self-organization behavior. Two series of acyl cholesteryl glycosides (glucosides or galactosides) have been synthesized, with variations in the anomeric configuration, the 6-O-acyl chain length and level of unsaturation, and investigated with respect to their ability to form liquid crystalline mesophases, and to drive lipid domain segregation in Langmuir monolayers as model membranes. Structure-properties relationships have been established, indicating that the fatty chain length showed the most remarkable influence on the self-organization behavior, in LC and model membrane experiments. For the LC mesophases, the other important parameter is the anomeric configuration, two successive columnar phases, rectangular then hexagonal, being observed for the α-anomers, whereas only one was found for the β-anomers. No significant changes were observed when comparing glucosides and galactosides. With respect the formation of domains, configuration modifications at both C-1 (α or β) and C-4 (gluco or galacto) influenced significantly the domains appearance time, giving the first, clear physicochemical proof of the structural influential factors in the behavior of α-CAG and analogues, in the context of the known increased pathogenicity of Helicobacter pylori. Overall, this thesis provides a nice illustration of the subtlety and the importance of carbohydrate structure in biological processes, and of the concept of glycoamphiphilicity