Статті в журналах: "Auditory impairments"

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Oh, Gyu han, Jin Hyeong Jhoo, Sang-a. Park, Jae-Won Jang, Yeshin Kim, Young Min Choe, and Gihwan Byeon. "Influence of Sensory Impairments on Incidence of Dementia in the Korean Population." Psychiatry Investigation 20, no. 6 (June 25, 2023): 567–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.30773/pi.2022.0299.

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Objective Previous studies have shown the influence of visual and auditory sensory impairment on dementia incidence. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the incidence of dementia will increase with visual and auditory impairments than with visual or auditory impairment.Methods Data from the Korea National Health Insurance Service database were used, including disease and medication codes from 2009 to 2018, and the 2011 national health check-up results. Participants were grouped based on their sensory abilities: normal, visual impairment, auditory impairment, and both visual and auditory impairments (dual sensory impairment). To compare the incidence of dementia, hazard ratios were calculated for each group, with reference to the normal sensory (NS) group. Sensitivity analyses were performed comparing dementia incidence from 2014 to 2018, excluding the onset of the disease in 2012 and 2013.Results We identified 8,289 cases of dementia during the seven-year follow-up. In the multiple Cox regression analysis, adjusted for sex, social economic status, age, comorbidities, smoking, alcohol consumption, and activity level, the auditory impairment (hazard ratio= 1.1908) and visual impairment (hazard ratio=1.3553) groups showed a significantly higher dementia incidence than the NS group. Dual sensory impairment (hazard ratio=1.5267) showed the highest incidence. The sensitivity analysis yielded similar results.Conclusion Visual and auditory impairments are associated with an increased risk of dementia, particularly in individuals with dual sensory impairment. Hence, visual and auditory impairments might have increased the risk of dementia through independent pathological processes. Therefore, preventing and correcting sensory impairment is necessary to reduce the risk of dementia.

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Simning, Adam, Meghan L. Fox, Steven L. Barnett, Silvia Sorensen, and Yeates Conwell. "Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in Older Adults With Auditory, Vision, and Dual Sensory Impairment." Journal of Aging and Health 31, no. 8 (June 13, 2018): 1353–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264318781123.

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Objective: The objective of the study is to examine the association of auditory, vision, and dual sensory impairment with late-life depressive and anxiety symptoms. Method: Our study included 7,507 older adults from the National Health & Aging Trends Study, a nationally representative sample of U.S. Medicare beneficiaries. Auditory and vision impairment were determined by self-report, and depressive and anxiety symptoms were evaluated by the two-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2) and two-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-2), respectively. Results: Auditory, vision, and dual impairment were associated with an increased risk of depressive and anxiety symptoms in multivariable analyses accounting for sociodemographics, medical comorbidity, and functional impairment. Auditory, vision, and dual impairment were also associated with an increased risk for depressive and anxiety symptoms that persist or were of new onset after 1 year. Discussion: Screening older adults with sensory impairments for depression and anxiety, and screening those with late-life depression and anxiety for sensory impairments, may identify treatment opportunities to optimize health and well-being.

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Koohi, Nehzat, Deborah A. Vickers, Rahul Lakshmanan, Hoskote Chandrashekar, David J. Werring, Jason D. Warren, and Doris-Eva Bamiou. "Hearing Characteristics of Stroke Patients: Prevalence and Characteristics of Hearing Impairment and Auditory Processing Disorders in Stroke Patients." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 28, no. 06 (June 2017): 491–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.15139.

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Background: Stroke survivors may suffer from a range of hearing impairments that may restrict their participation in postacute rehabilitation programs. Hearing impairment may have a significant impact on listening, linguistic skills, and overall communication of the affected stroke patient. However, no studies sought to systematically characterize auditory function of stroke patients in detail, to establish the different types of hearing impairments in this cohort of patients. Such information would be clinically useful in understanding and addressing the hearing needs of stroke survivors. Purpose: The present study aimed to characterize and classify the hearing impairments, using a detailed audiological assessment test battery, in order to determine the level of clinical need and inform appropriate rehabilitation for this patient population. Research Design: A case–control study. Study Sample: Forty-two recruited stroke patients who were discharged from a stroke unit and 40 control participants matched for age. Data Collection and Analysis: All participants underwent pure-tone audiometry and immittance measurements including acoustic reflex threshold, transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions, auditory-evoked brainstem response, and a central auditory processing assessment battery, performed in a single session. Hearing impairments were classified as peripheral hearing loss (cochlear and neural type), central auditory processing disorder (CAPD), and as a combination of CAPD and peripheral hearing loss. Results: Overall mean hearing thresholds were not significantly different between the control and stroke groups. The most common type of hearing impairment in stroke patients was the combination type, “peripheral and CAPD,” in the 61- to 80-yr-old subgroup (in 55%), and auditory processing deficits in 18- to 60-yr-olds (in 40%), which were both significantly higher than in controls. Conclusions: This is the first study to examine hearing function in detail in stroke patients. Given the importance of hearing for the efficiency of communication, it is essential to identify hearing impairments and differentiate peripheral and central deficits to define an appropriate intervention plan.

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Kujala, Teija. "The Role of Early Auditory Discrimination Deficits in Language Disorders." Journal of Psychophysiology 21, no. 3-4 (January 2007): 239–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803.21.34.239.

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Language impairments can have a devastating effect on the individual’s life. Brain damage such as stroke may cause varying degrees of impaired language. Even milder language problems, such as developmental dyslexia or specific language impairment, can have long-lasting detrimental effects on the individual’s life, affecting both success at school as well as motivation and even self-esteem. In recent years, the mismatch negativity (MMN) has been intensively applied to study the neural basis of language impairments. These studies have shown that the MMN, which reflects the early stages of cortical sound discrimination, is abnormal in a large variety of language impairments. Furthermore, a close relationship between the MMN and some language disorders is suggested by significant correlations between the MMN and language test results. Further support is provided by follow-up studies suggesting that the MMN parameters may predict future language problems in children and by investigations indicating that intervention programs with an ameliorating effect also concurrently change the MMN. However, when interpreting the implications of MMN results it is important to acknowledge that this response specifically reflects early stages of auditory discrimination and should, therefore, be combined with measures probing the further steps of auditory processing for a more complete picture of the underlying deficits of language. The current review addresses how the MMN can be used in determining auditory impairments in language disorders such as aphasia, dyslexia, autism spectrum, and specific language impairment.

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Snowling, Margaret J., Debbie Gooch, Genevieve McArthur, and Charles Hulme. "Language Skills, but Not Frequency Discrimination, Predict Reading Skills in Children at Risk of Dyslexia." Psychological Science 29, no. 8 (May 23, 2018): 1270–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797618763090.

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This study evaluated the claim that auditory processing deficits are a cause of reading and language difficulties. We report a longitudinal study of 245 children at family risk of dyslexia, children with preschool language impairments, and control children. Children with language impairments had poorer frequency-discrimination thresholds than controls at 5.5 years, but children at family risk of dyslexia did not. A model assessing longitudinal relationships among frequency discrimination, reading, language, and executive function skills showed that frequency discrimination was predicted by executive skills but was not a longitudinal predictor of reading or language skills. Our findings contradict the hypothesis that frequency discrimination is causally related to dyslexia or language impairment and suggest that individuals at risk for dyslexia or who have language impairments may perform poorly on auditory processing tasks because of comorbid attentional difficulties.

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Yang, Fuyin, Hao Zhu, Xinyi Cao, Hui Li, Xinyu Fang, Lingfang Yu, Siqi Li, et al. "Impaired motor-to-sensory transformation mediates auditory hallucinations." PLOS Biology 22, no. 10 (October 3, 2024): e3002836. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002836.

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Distinguishing reality from hallucinations requires efficient monitoring of agency. It has been hypothesized that a copy of motor signals, termed efference copy (EC) or corollary discharge (CD), suppresses sensory responses to yield a sense of agency; impairment of the inhibitory function leads to hallucinations. However, how can the sole absence of inhibition yield positive symptoms of hallucinations? We hypothesize that selective impairments in functionally distinct signals of CD and EC during motor-to-sensory transformation cause the positive symptoms of hallucinations. In an electroencephalography (EEG) experiment with a delayed articulation paradigm in schizophrenic patients with (AVHs) and without auditory verbal hallucinations (non-AVHs), we found that preparing to speak without knowing the contents (general preparation) did not suppress auditory responses in both patient groups, suggesting the absent of inhibitory function of CD. Whereas, preparing to speak a syllable (specific preparation) enhanced the auditory responses to the prepared syllable in non-AVHs, whereas AVHs showed enhancement in responses to unprepared syllables, opposite to the observations in the normal population, suggesting that the enhancement function of EC is not precise in AVHs. A computational model with a virtual lesion of an inhibitory inter-neuron and disproportional sensitization of auditory cortices fitted the empirical data and further quantified the distinct impairments in motor-to-sensory transformation in AVHs. These results suggest that “broken” CD plus “noisy” EC causes erroneous monitoring of the imprecise generation of internal auditory representation and yields auditory hallucinations. Specific impairments in functional granularity of motor-to-sensory transformation mediate positivity symptoms of agency abnormality in mental disorders.

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Weintraub, David M., Erin M. Ramage, Griffin Sutton, Erik Ringdahl, Aaron Boren, Amanda C. Pasinski, Nick Thaler, Michael Haderlie, Daniel N. Allen, and Joel S. Snyder. "Auditory stream segregation impairments in schizophrenia." Psychophysiology 49, no. 10 (August 22, 2012): 1372–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2012.01457.x.

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Maro, Isaac I., Abigail M. Fellows, Odile H. Clavier, Jiang Gui, Catherine C. Rieke, Jed C. Wilbur, Robert D. Chambers, et al. "Auditory Impairments in HIV-Infected Children." Ear and Hearing 37, no. 4 (2016): 443–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aud.0000000000000276.

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Ahissar, M., A. Protopapas, and M. Merzenich. "Substantial auditory impairments in adult dyslexics." Neuroscience Letters 237 (November 1997): S2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3940(97)90006-9.

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Dulnev, V. V., and Т. A. Slyusar’. "Characteristics of short-patent auditory evoked potentials in children with cerebral palsy." Neuromuscular Diseases 9, no. 1 (April 24, 2019): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/2222-8721-2019-9-1-52-60.

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Background. In children with cerebral palsy, high risk of cognitive impairments connected with sensory disintegration – delayed visual and auditory perception.The objective – assessment of temporary and amplitude characteristics brainstem auditory evoked potentials of children with cerebral palsy.Materials and methods. Neurological examination, retrospective analysis of magnetic resonance imaging data of brain and 2-channel brainstem auditory evoked potentials registration with left- and right-ear stimulation and analysis was performed for 60 children aged 4–17 years, with mean age 11.80 ± 0.56 years.Results. There are no significant difference in brainstem auditory evoked potentials latencies of children’s with cerebral palsy age subgroups. A significantly increasing of III–V peak latencies of brainstem auditory evoked potentials and also I–III and I–V interpeak latencies was observed in children with cerebral palsy in comparison of control group. Latencies of different brainstem auditory evoked potentials peaks were significantly higher in children with uni- and bilateral form of cerebral palsy and speech impairment. Group with periventricular leucomalation (on magnetic resonance imaging) is characterized by significantly increased brainstem auditory evoked potentials latencies and normal interpeak intervals. These abnormalities may be linked to non-progressive impairment of brainstem acoustic afferentation.Conclusion. Impairment of brainstem auditory evoked potentials maturation and it’s difference in various cerebral palsy forms may be potentially clinical applicable for assessment of the children and early detection of sensory impairment.

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Hopper, Ryan G., Rachel B. Bromberg, Michele M. Salzman, Kyle D. Peterson, Callie Rogers, Starr Cameron, and Freya M. Mowat. "Dual sensory impairments in companion dogs: Prevalence and relationship to cognitive impairment." PLOS ONE 19, no. 10 (October 16, 2024): e0310299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0310299.

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Purpose Many older dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) develop cognitive impairment. Dog owners often describe impairments in multiple sensory functions, yet the relationships between sensory and cognitive function in older dogs is not well understood. Methods We performed assessments of dog vision and hearing, both clinically (n = 91, electroretinography and brainstem auditory evoked potential) and via validated questionnaire (n = 238). We determined prevalence of sole and dual hearing/vision impairments in younger (<8 years) and older (≥8 years) dogs. Impairment cutoffs were determined using data from young dogs. We assessed the relationships between questionnaire-assessed vision and/or hearing impairments and cognitive impairment using logistic regression. Results Younger and older dog groups had similar distributions of sex and purebred/mixed breed status. Sex had no relationship to prevalence of sensory impairments. Older dogs had higher prevalence of hearing, vision, and dual sensory impairments, assessed both clinically and by questionnaire (P<0.001), and cognitive impairment assessed by questionnaire (P<0.001). Dogs had higher prevalence of reported cognitive impairment when owners reported dual vision and hearing impairments (79–94%, versus 25–27% in dogs with no sensory impairments), which was most consistent in dogs aged ≥8 years. In these older dogs, dual vision/hearing impairments were associated with a significantly increased risk of cognitive impairment (1.8–2.0 odds ratio). Conclusion Dogs aged ≥8 years are at higher risk for dual hearing/vision impairments and associated cognitive impairments. The causal relationship between these impairments is not defined, but clinical consideration of these multimorbidity risks should be made in older dogs.

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Hardy, Chris J. D., Keir X. X. Yong, Johanna C. Goll, Sebastian J. Crutch, and Jason D. Warren. "Impairments of auditory scene analysis in posterior cortical atrophy." Brain 143, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 2689–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awaa221.

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Abstract Although posterior cortical atrophy is often regarded as the canonical ‘visual dementia’, auditory symptoms may also be salient in this disorder. Patients often report particular difficulty hearing in busy environments; however, the core cognitive process—parsing of the auditory environment (‘auditory scene analysis’)—has been poorly characterized. In this cross-sectional study, we used customized perceptual tasks to assess two generic cognitive operations underpinning auditory scene analysis—sound source segregation and sound event grouping—in a cohort of 21 patients with posterior cortical atrophy, referenced to 15 healthy age-matched individuals and 21 patients with typical Alzheimer’s disease. After adjusting for peripheral hearing function and performance on control tasks assessing perceptual and executive response demands, patients with posterior cortical atrophy performed significantly worse on both auditory scene analysis tasks relative to healthy controls and patients with typical Alzheimer’s disease (all P < 0.05). Our findings provide further evidence of central auditory dysfunction in posterior cortical atrophy, with implications for our pathophysiological understanding of Alzheimer syndromes as well as clinical diagnosis and management.

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Winnick, Joseph P., and Francis X. Short. "Physical Fitness of Adolescents with Auditory Impairments." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 3, no. 1 (January 1986): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.3.1.58.

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The Project UNIQUE Physical Fitness Test was administered to 153 hard of hearing, 892 deaf, and 686 hearing subjects in the age range of 10 to 17 years to contrast their physical fitness status. Relatively few significant differences between groups were found. Only on the sit-up test did hearing subjects surpass the performance of at least one of the two auditory impaired groups in at least two of the three age groups contrasted. Although some gender and age interactions were found on other test items, no clear pattern relative to a comparison of hearing and auditory impaired groups occurred. Age and gender performances within the auditory impaired groups were similar to those expected of hearing groups.

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Kavanagh, G. L., and J. B. Kelly. "Contribution of auditory cortex to sound localization by the ferret (Mustela putorius)." Journal of Neurophysiology 57, no. 6 (June 1, 1987): 1746–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1987.57.6.1746.

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Ferrets were tested in a semicircular apparatus to determine the effects of auditory cortical lesions on their ability to localize sounds in space. They were trained to initiate trials while facing forward in the apparatus, and sounds were presented from one of two loudspeakers located in the horizontal plane. Minimum audible angles were obtained for three different positions, viz., the left hemifield, with loudspeakers centered around -60 degrees azimuth; the right hemifield, with loudspeakers centered around +60 degrees azimuth; and the midline with loudspeakers centered around 0 degrees azimuth. Animals with large bilateral lesions had severe impairments in localizing a single click in the midline test. Following complete destruction of the auditory cortex performance was only marginally above the level expected by chance even at large angles of speaker separation. Severe impairments were also found in localization of single clicks in both left and right lateral fields. In contrast, bilateral lesions restricted to the primary auditory cortex resulted in minimal impairments in midline localization. The same lesions, however, produced severe impairments in localization of single clicks in both left and right lateral fields. Large unilateral lesions that destroyed auditory cortex in one hemisphere resulted in an inability to localize single clicks in the contralateral hemifield. In contrast, no impairments were found in the midline test or in the ipsilateral hemifield. Unilateral lesions of the primary auditory cortex resulted in severe contralateral field deficits equivalent to those seen following complete unilateral destruction of auditory cortex. No deficits were seen in either the midline or the ipsilateral tests.

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Passat, Jimmy, Bulan Ginting Munthe, Fauzi Mahfuzh, and Taralan Tambunan. "Brainstem auditory evoked potentials features in thalassemia major." Paediatrica Indonesiana 41, no. 3 (June 30, 2001): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi41.3.2001.166-70.

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Patients with thalassemia major are at high risk for hearing impairment. The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence, grade and type of hearing impairment according to brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) investigation in thalassemia major. A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted between December 1999 until August 2000 in 72 thalassemic patients between 3 and 18 years of age. Only 65 patients were evaluated, because of time limitation. The results showed the prevalence of hearing impairment in thalassemia major was 29.2%. Most of them were moderate to severe unilateral sensorineural hearing impairments. Mild sensorienural hearing impairment occured in only 12.3%. Conductive hearing impairment was only found in 1 patient. Hearing impairment was frequently found between 7 to 12 years of age (41.5%). Conclusion: the prevalence of hearing impairment in thalassem a major according to BAEP investigation is high and BAEP examination should be done regularly in all of thalassemic patients to investigate early detection and treatment of hearing impairment.

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Y, Ramesh Bhat, Harish Kashyap, Pushpa Kini, and Shrikiran Hebbar. "Characteristics of Hearing Impairment in Children Aged Six Months to Two Years with Global Developmental Delay." Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society 41, no. 2 (November 3, 2021): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v41i2.33961.

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Introduction: Children with global developmental delay (GDD) are at greater risk to have hearing impairments. These impairments interfere with developmental progress or rehabilitation effects. Hearing impairments may be correctable and if so, may improve developmental outcomes. We aimed to study the incidence, characteristics and probable risk factors of hearing impairment in children aged six months to two years with GDD. Methods: In this prospective study, an auditory evaluation was carried out by a trained audiologist in children with GDD. Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) and brainstem auditory evoked response (BERA) were assessed in these children. Hearing loss was classified based on Goodmann's classification. Results: Of 113 children with GDD assessed, hearing impairment was identified in 35 (30.9%) children. Of 35 children, 22 (62.8%) had isolated sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Conductive hearing loss was identified in four (11.5%) and combined hearing loss in nine (25.7%). Of 31 children with SNHL, hearing loss was bilateral in 25 (80.6%). In SNHL, hearing loss was profound in one (3.2%), severe in 14 (45%), moderately severe in three (9.6%), and moderate in five (16.2%). Hearing impairment was associated with 31.7% (20/63) children with cerebral palsy. Kernicterus was another predominant risk factor associated with SNHL. Metabolic disorders, otitis media, tuberous sclerosis, and metachromatic leukodystrophy were other conditions associated with hearing impairment. Conclusions: Hearing impairment is accompanied by about a third of children with GDD. The hearing impairment in children with GDD tends to severe SNHL type in about 45% and bilateral in about 80%.

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Rana, B., and A. Barman. "Correlation between speech-evoked auditory brainstem responses and transient evoked otoacoustic emissions." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 125, no. 9 (July 5, 2011): 911–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215111001241.

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AbstractObjective:To investigate the correlation between cochlear processing and brainstem processing.Method:Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions and speech-evoked auditory brainstem responses were recorded in 40 ears of normal-hearing individuals aged 18 to 23 years. Correlation analyses compared transient evoked otoacoustic emission parameters with speech-evoked auditory brainstem response parameters.Results:There was a significant correlation between speech-evoked auditory brainstem response wave V latency and transient evoked otoacoustic emission global emission strength; there were no other significant correlations between the two tests.Conclusion:Tests for transient evoked otoacoustic emissions and speech-evoked auditory brainstem responses provide unique and functionally independent information about the integrity and sensitivity of the auditory system. Therefore, combining both tests will provide a more sensitive clinical battery with which to identify the location of different disorders (e.g. language-based learning impairments and hearing impairments).

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Varlamova, Tatiana P. "DEVELOPMENT OF AUDITORY PERCEPTION OF MUSICIANSINSTRUMENTALISTS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENTS." Arts education and science 1, no. 34 (2023): 144–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/hon.202301144.

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The article focuses on the auditory perception of students with profound visual impairments. The category of "perception" is considered in psychology as a process of reflection in the consciousness of an integral sensual image of an object or phenomenon. In the musical-aural perception of musicians with visual impairments, the subjective image of an object, phenomenon or process directly affects the auditory analyzer, and in a latent form the system of motor and tactile analyzers. Musical sound is understood as a pitch or noise sound, carrying the function of a means of a specific semantic expression. The auditory sensations appear due to the effects of periodic oscillations of sound waves on the auditory receptor. The shape of a sound wave's oscillations is reflected in a specific quality — the timbre of sound. When playing a musical instrument, the performer extracts a sound with a certain pitch, dynamics, timbre and duration. The article emphasizes that the development of musical ear of visually impaired musicians, as the ability to perceive and represent musical images, are inextricably linked to the images of memory. It is important that perceptual skills at the level of sensations and auditory perception are formed and developed under the influence of living conditions, training and the requirements of musical and practical activity.

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Clough, Meaghan, Jade Bartholomew, Owen B. White, and Joanne Fielding. "Working Memory Phenotypes in Early Multiple Sclerosis: Appraisal of Phenotype Frequency, Progression and Test Sensitivity." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 10 (May 23, 2022): 2936. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11102936.

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Working memory (WM) impairments are common and debilitating symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS), often emerging early in the disease. Predominantly, WM impairments are considered in a binary manner, with patients considered either impaired or not based on a single test. However, WM is comprised of different activated subcomponents depending upon the type of information (auditory, visual) and integration requirements. As such, unique WM impairment phenotypes occur. We aimed to determine the most frequent WM phenotypes in early MS, how they progress and which WM test(s) provide the best measure of WM impairment. A total of 88 participants (63 early relapsing–remitting MS: RRMS, 25 healthy controls) completed five WM tests (visual–spatial, auditory, episodic, executive) as well as the symbol digit modalities test as a measure of processing speed. RRMS patients were followed-up for two years. Factors affecting WM (age/gender/intelligence/mood) and MS factors (disease duration/disability) were also evaluated. Some 61.9% of RRMS patients were impaired on at least one WM subcomponent. The most subcomponents impaired were visual,–spatial and auditory WM. The most common WM phenotypes were; (1) visual–spatial sketchpad + episodic buffer + phonological loop + central executive, (2) visual–spatial sketchpad + central executive. The test of visual–spatial WM provided the best diagnostic accuracy for detecting WM impairment and progression. The SDMT did not achieve diagnostic accuracy greater than chance. Although this may be unsurprising, given that the SDMT is a measure of cognitive processing speed in MS, this does highlight the limitation of the SDMT as a general screening tool for cognitive impairment in early MS.

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da Silva, Fábio Palma Albarado, Alexandre Vasconcelos Dezincourt, Rodrigo Lemos da Silva, Giovana Gomes Fernandes, Paulo André Gonçalves da Cunha, Naiade de Oliveira do Amaral, Camila Araújo Oliveir, Bianca Sousa Duarte Rotolli Olinto, and Jéssica Ramos Tavares. "Auditory Impairments and vestibular dysfunctions After Cryptococcal Meningitis: A Duo of Case Reports." International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews 4, no. 11 (November 6, 2023): 575–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.55248/gengpi.4.1123.113011.

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Robson, Holly, Timothy D. Griffiths, Manon Grube, and Anna M. Woollams. "Auditory, Phonological, and Semantic Factors in the Recovery From Wernicke’s Aphasia Poststroke: Predictive Value and Implications for Rehabilitation." Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 33, no. 10 (August 16, 2019): 800–812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1545968319868709.

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Background. Understanding the factors that influence language recovery in aphasia is important for improving prognosis and treatment. Chronic comprehension impairments in Wernicke’s aphasia (WA) are associated with impairments in auditory and phonological processing, compounded by semantic and executive difficulties. This study investigated whether the recovery of auditory, phonological, semantic, or executive factors underpins the recovery from WA comprehension impairments by charting changes in the neuropsychological profile from the subacute to the chronic phase. Method. This study used a prospective, longitudinal observational design. Twelve WA participants with superior temporal lobe lesions were recruited 2 months post–stroke onset (2 MPO). Language comprehension was measured alongside a neuropsychological profile of auditory, phonological, and semantic processing and phonological short-term memory and nonverbal reasoning at 3 poststroke time points: 2.5, 5, and 9 MPO. Results. Language comprehension displayed a strong and consistent recovery between 2.5 and 9 MPO. Improvements were also seen for slow auditory temporal processing, phonological short-term memory, and semantic processing but not for rapid auditory temporal, spectrotemporal, and phonological processing. Despite their lack of improvement, rapid auditory temporal processing at 2.5 MPO and phonological processing at 5 MPO predicated comprehension outcomes at 9 MPO. Conclusions. These results indicate that recovery of language comprehension in WA can be predicted from fixed auditory processing in the subacute stage. This suggests that speech comprehension recovery in WA results from reorganization of the remaining language comprehension network to enable the residual speech signal to be processed more efficiently, rather than partial recovery of underlying auditory, phonological, or semantic processing abilities.

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Sheppard, Adam, Massimo Ralli, Antonio Gilardi, and Richard Salvi. "Occupational Noise: Auditory and Non-Auditory Consequences." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 23 (December 2, 2020): 8963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238963.

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Occupational noise exposure accounts for approximately 16% of all disabling hearing losses, but the true value and societal costs may be grossly underestimated because current regulations only identify hearing impairments in the workplace if exposures result in audiometric threshold shifts within a limited frequency region. Research over the past several decades indicates that occupational noise exposures can cause other serious auditory deficits such as tinnitus, hyperacusis, extended high-frequency hearing loss, and poor speech perception in noise. Beyond the audiogram, there is growing awareness that hearing loss is a significant risk factor for other debilitating and potentially life-threatening disorders such as cardiovascular disease and dementia. This review discusses some of the shortcomings and limitations of current noise regulations in the United States and Europe.

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HOLTZER, ROEE, RICHARD G. BURRIGHT, and PETER J. DONOVICK. "The sensitivity of dual-task performance to cognitive status in aging." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 10, no. 2 (March 2004): 230–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617704102099.

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The present study examined dual-task performance in elders with cognitive impairments and normal controls. The participants (N = 60; M age = 84.6) were recruited from residential facilities and the community. They were assigned to one of three groups: (1) cognitive impairment; (2) residential facility control; (3) community control. Two different dual-task conditions were comprised of simple tests that are presumably processed via separate perceptual modalities: 1 visual–manual and 1 auditory–verbal. The first condition consisted of a visual cancellation test and an auditory digit span. The second condition was comprised of an alternate form of the visual cancellation test and letter fluency. MANOVA examined the effect of cognitive status (3-level independent variable) on 3 indices of dual-task performance (letter fluency, digit span, visual cancellation). Analyses controlled for age, education and performance on each test when performed alone. The results revealed that the cognitive impairment group incurred significantly greater dual-task costs compared to both control groups. Furthermore, as was evident from discriminant function analyses, the dual-task measures were very accurate and better than the traditional neuropsychological measures at discriminating elders with cognitive impairments from normal controls. (JINS, 2004, 10, 230–238.)

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Kantrowitz, J. T., N. Scaramello, A. Jakubovitz, J. M. Lehrfeld, P. Laukka, H. A. Elfenbein, G. Silipo, and D. C. Javitt. "Amusia and protolanguage impairments in schizophrenia." Psychological Medicine 44, no. 13 (March 31, 2014): 2739–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291714000373.

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BackgroundBoth language and music are thought to have evolved from a musical protolanguage that communicated social information, including emotion. Individuals with perceptual music disorders (amusia) show deficits in auditory emotion recognition (AER). Although auditory perceptual deficits have been studied in schizophrenia, their relationship with musical/protolinguistic competence has not previously been assessed.MethodMusical ability was assessed in 31 schizophrenia/schizo-affective patients and 44 healthy controls using the Montreal Battery for Evaluation of Amusia (MBEA). AER was assessed using a novel battery in which actors provided portrayals of five separate emotions. The Disorganization factor of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used as a proxy for language/thought disorder and the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) was used to assess cognition.ResultsHighly significant deficits were seen between patients and controls across auditory tasks (p < 0.001). Moreover, significant differences were seen in AER between the amusia and intact music-perceiving groups, which remained significant after controlling for group status and education. Correlations with AER were specific to the melody domain, and correlations between protolanguage (melody domain) and language were independent of overall cognition.DiscussionThis is the first study to document a specific relationship between amusia, AER and thought disorder, suggesting a shared linguistic/protolinguistic impairment. Once amusia was considered, other cognitive factors were no longer significant predictors of AER, suggesting that musical ability in general and melodic discrimination ability in particular may be crucial targets for treatment development and cognitive remediation in schizophrenia.

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Ghaffar, Erum, Noor ul huda, Sara Fatima, Qindeel Fatima, Muhammad Ali Haider, Noor Ul Ain, Fatima mazhar, Barjees ahmad, and Rimsha tariq. "Prevalence of Balance Impairment in Children with Hearing Impairment." Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research 4, no. 3 (August 6, 2024): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1245.

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Background: Deafness, defined as a hearing impairment so severe that it prevents processing linguistic information through auditory senses, is believed to be linked to delays in motor development, including balance. Objective: To figure out the prevalence of balance impairment in children with hearing impairment. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed, involving 377 children aged between 8 and 15 years with hearing impairments, selected through non-probability convenient sampling. Data were collected from special education schools using the Standardized Walking Obstacle Course (SWOC) and Timed Up and Go (TUG) tests. The data were compiled and analyzed using SPSS version 25, with descriptive statistics used to present the findings. Results: The study included 377 children with a mean age of 11.08 years; 21.5% were female, and 78.5% were male. Approximately 77.7% of participants demonstrated poor balance skills in the SWOC test, while 37.1% showed fair or poor performance in the TUG test. Conclusion: The study found a high prevalence of balance impairment in children with hearing impairments. Both male and female participants reported symptoms of balance impairments, with 77.7% demonstrating poor balance skills in the SWOC test and 37.1% showing fair or poor performance in the TUG test. These findings suggest that children with hearing impairments are at significant risk for balance deficits.

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Dr. Manjula.G, Dr. Latha. M, Dr. Raghavendra. Y M, and Dr. Asha M. "Therapeutic Implications of Voiced Sounds in Children with Communication Needs." International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering Hub (IRJAEH) 2, no. 03 (March 21, 2024): 656–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.47392/irjaeh.2024.0095.

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Children with hearing impairments, who do not receive auditory feedback eventually develop speech impairments. Children with hearing impairments lack the ability to talk even by having normal speech production mechanisms. The hearing-impaired child's articulation, accuracy, stress, and intonation patterns are all impacted even if he/she attempts to speak by visualizing lip movements because they are unable to distinguish vowels and consonants with tongue movement concealed in the mouth, nor they are able to understand variations in pitch or intensity of speech. Individuals with hearing impairments may receive auditory, tactile, or visual input, contingent on the degree of their disability. This research is dedicated for developing preliminary systems for teaching. These systems can be created using feedback of articulatory parameters or feedback of acoustic parameters, such as fundamental frequency, speech intensity, and spectral features. Data from speech language pathologists were collected from 20 children with and without speech impairments, aged 5 to 8 using picture naming tasks. The statistical analysis on voiced samples /pha/, /mha/, /tha/ relived the significant variation between children with and without hearing impairments.

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Goll, J. C., L. G. Kim, G. R. Ridgway, J. C. Hailstone, M. Lehmann, A. H. Buckley, S. J. Crutch, and J. D. Warren. "Impairments of auditory scene analysis in Alzheimer's disease." Brain 135, no. 1 (October 27, 2011): 190–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awr260.

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Maro, Isaac I., Ndeserua Moshi, Odile H. Clavier, Todd A. MacKenzie, Robert J. Kline-Schoder, Jed C. Wilbur, Robert D. Chambers, et al. "Auditory Impairments in HIV-Infected Individuals in Tanzania." Ear and Hearing 35, no. 3 (2014): 306–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.aud.0000439101.07257.ed.

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Ouimet, Tialee, and Evan Balaban. "Auditory stream biasing in children with reading impairments." Dyslexia 16, no. 1 (February 2010): 45–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dys.396.

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Talebi, Hossein, and Nima Rezazadeh. "The role of auditory brainstem response in diagnosing auditory impairments of Dejerine-Sottas." International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 76, no. 6 (June 2012): 915–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2012.02.058.

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Knollman-Porter, Kelly, Aimee Dietz, and Kelly Dahlem. "Intensive Auditory Comprehension Treatment for Severe Aphasia: A Feasibility Study." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 27, no. 3 (August 6, 2018): 936–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_ajslp-17-0117.

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BackgroundSevere auditory comprehension impairments secondary to aphasia can adversely influence rehabilitative outcomes and quality of life. Studies examining intensive rehabilitative treatments for severe single-word auditory comprehension impairments are needed.ObjectivesOur purpose was to examine the feasibility and influence of a high-intensity word–picture verification treatment on high-frequency, word response accuracy. Research questions: (a) Can people with severe aphasia tolerate an intensive comprehension treatment? (b) Does an intensive intervention increase auditory comprehension response accuracy of spoken high-frequency words?MethodThis single-case ABA design study included 2 participants with chronic, severe auditory comprehension deficits secondary to stroke. A high-frequency, word–picture verification treatment was administered 2 hr/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks and required participants to match the spoken word of the examiner to a picture representing an object.ResultsPreliminary results suggest that some people with severe chronic aphasia can tolerate an intensive auditory comprehension treatment and demonstrate improvements in high-frequency, word-level response accuracy with large effect sizes suggesting generalization to untrained stimuli.ConclusionsAn intensive auditory comprehension treatment protocol can contribute to improvements in response accuracy for some people with severe aphasia. Larger sample size studies are needed to further examine the influence of intensity on improvements in auditory comprehension.

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Tran, Huynh-Truc, Yao-Chuen Li, Hung-Yu Lin, Shin-Da Lee, and Pei-Jung Wang. "Sensory Processing Impairments in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder." Children 9, no. 10 (September 22, 2022): 1443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9101443.

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The two objectives of this systematic review were to examine the following: (1) the difference in sensory processing areas (auditory, visual, vestibular, touch, proprioceptive, and multi-sensory) between children with and without developmental coordination disorder (DCD), and (2) the relationship between sensory processing and motor coordination in DCD. The following databases were comprehensively searched for relevant articles: PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Cochrane library. There were 1107 articles (published year = 2010 to 2021) found in the initial search. Full-text articles of all possibly relevant citations were obtained and inspected for suitability by two authors. The outcome measures were sensory processing impairments and their relationship with motor coordination. A total of 10 articles met the inclusion criteria. Children with DCD showed significant impairments in visual integration, tactile integration, proprioceptive integration, auditory integration, vestibular integration, and oral integration processes when compared with typically developing children. Evidence also supported that sensory processing impairments were associated with poor motor coordination in DCD. Preliminary support indicated that DCD have sensory processing impairments in visual, tactile, proprioceptive, auditory, and vestibular areas, which might contribute to participation restriction in motor activities. It is important to apply sensory integration therapy in rehabilitation programs for DCD in order to facilitate participation in daily activities.

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Fuksa, Jakub, Milan Profant, Martin Chovanec, and Josef Syka. "Vztah mezi presbyakuzí a poruchou kognitivních funkcí ve stáří PDF uzamčeno English info." Otorinolaryngologie a foniatrie 70, no. 4 (December 20, 2021): 223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.48095/ccorl2021223.

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Age-related hearing loss, presbycusis, is one of the most frequent sensory impairments in the ageing population. It is associated with pathologies of both inner ear and the central parts of the auditory system. Intact cognitive functions are necessary for the proper processing of complex auditory information. Since the beginning of the 80s, there is an increasing amount of evidence linking presbycusis to cognitive impairment and increased risk of dementia. The exact cause, which connects these two pathologies, is still unknown, although there are several hypotheses with various levels of evidence available. This review aims to describe the role of cognitive functions in the auditory processing, to summarize published evidence for a relationship between the hearing loss and cognitive impairment with a possible mechanism, which would explain this link. In addition, we discuss specific features of cognitive assessment in a person with hearing loss and describe the effect of hearing loss treatment, e. g. with hearing aids, cochlear implant and cognitive-hearing training on cognitive functions. Keywords: dementia – hearing loss – presbycusis – cognitive decline

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Borirakarawin, Manorot, and Yunyong Punsawad. "Event-Related Potential-Based Brain–Computer Interface Using the Thai Vowels’ and Numerals’ Auditory Stimulus Pattern." Sensors 22, no. 15 (August 5, 2022): 5864. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22155864.

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Herein, we developed an auditory stimulus pattern for an event-related potential (ERP)-based brain–computer interface (BCI) system to improve control and communication in quadriplegia with visual impairment. Auditory stimulus paradigms for multicommand electroencephalogram (EEG)-based BCIs and audio stimulus patterns were examined. With the proposed auditory stimulation, using the selected Thai vowel, similar to the English vowel, and Thai numeral sounds, as simple target recognition, we explored the ERPs’ response and classification efficiency from the suggested EEG channels. We also investigated the use of single and multi-loudspeakers for auditory stimuli. Four commands were created using the proposed paradigm. The experimental paradigm was designed to observe ERP responses and verify the proposed auditory stimulus pattern. The conventional classification method produced four commands using the proposed auditory stimulus pattern. The results established that the proposed auditory stimulation with 20 to 30 trials of stream stimuli could produce a prominent ERP response from Pz channels. The vowel stimuli could achieve higher accuracy than the proposed numeral stimuli for two auditory stimuli intervals (100 and 250 ms). Additionally, multi-loudspeaker patterns through vowel and numeral sound stimulation provided an accuracy greater than 85% of the average accuracy. Thus, the proposed auditory stimulation patterns can be implemented as a real-time BCI system to aid in the daily activities of quadratic patients with visual and tactile impairments. In future, practical use of the auditory ERP-based BCI system will be demonstrated and verified in an actual scenario.

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Cheng, Dazhi, Haiyan Wu, Li Yuan, Rui Xu, Qian Chen, and Xinlin Zhou. "Modality-Dependent or Modality-Independent Processing in Mental Arithmetic: Evidence From Unimpaired Auditory Multiplication for a Patient With Left Frontotemporal Stroke." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 23, no. 8 (June 23, 2017): 692–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617717000479.

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AbstractObjectives: Mental arithmetic is essential to daily life. Researchers have explored the mechanisms that underlie mental arithmetic. Whether mental arithmetic fact retrieval is dependent on surface modality or knowledge format is still highly debated. Chinese individuals typically use a procedure strategy for addition; and they typically use a rote verbal strategy for multiplication. This provides a way to examine the effect of surface modality on different arithmetic operations. Methods: We used a series of neuropsychological tests (i.e., general cognitive, language processing, numerical processing, addition, and multiplication in visual and auditory conditions) for a patient who had experienced a left frontotemporal stroke. Results: The patient had language production impairment; but preserved verbal processing concerning basic numerical abilities. Moreover, the patient had preserved multiplication in the auditory presentation rather than in the visual presentation. The patient suffered from impairments in an addition task, regardless of visual or auditory presentation. Conclusions: The findings suggest that mental multiplication could be characterized as a form of modality-dependent processing, which was accessed through auditory input. The learning strategy of multiplication table recitation could shape the verbal memory of multiplication leading to persistence of the auditory module. (JINS, 2017, 23, 692–699)

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Nagaraj, Naveen K. "Hearing Loss and Cognitive Decline in the Aging Population: Emerging Perspectives in Audiology." Audiology Research 14, no. 3 (May 23, 2024): 479–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/audiolres14030040.

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In this perspective article, the author explores the connections between hearing loss, central auditory processing, and cognitive decline, offering insights into the complex dynamics at play. Drawing upon a range of studies, the relationship between age-related central auditory processing disorders and Alzheimer’s disease is discussed, with the aim of enhancing our understanding of these interconnected conditions. Highlighting the evolving significance of audiologists in the dual management of cognitive health and hearing impairments, the author focuses on their role in identifying early signs of cognitive impairment and evaluates various cognitive screening tools used in this context. The discussion extends to adaptations of hearing assessments for older adults, especially those diagnosed with dementia, and highlights the significance of objective auditory electrophysiological tests. These tests are presented as vital in assessing the influence of aging and Alzheimer’s disease on auditory processing capabilities and to signal cognitive dysfunction. The article underscores the critical role of audiologists in addressing the challenges faced by the aging population. The perspective calls for further research to improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in audiology, and emphasizes the need for a multidisciplinary approach in tackling the nexus of hearing loss, auditory processing, and cognitive decline.

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Koshiyama, Daisuke, Kenji Kirihara, Mariko Tada, Tatsuya Nagai, Mao Fujioka, Kaori Usui, Tsuyoshi Araki, and Kiyoto Kasai. "Reduced Auditory Mismatch Negativity Reflects Impaired Deviance Detection in Schizophrenia." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, no. 4 (February 19, 2020): 937–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa006.

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Abstract The auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) is a translatable electroencephalographic biomarker automatically evoked in response to unattended sounds that is robustly associated with cognitive and psychosocial disability in patients with schizophrenia. Although recent animal studies have tried to clarify the neural substrates of the MMN, the nature of schizophrenia-related deficits is unknown. In this study, we applied a novel paradigm developed from translational animal model studies to carefully deconstruct the constituent neurophysiological processes underlying MMN generation. Patients with schizophrenia (N = 25) and healthy comparison subjects (HCS; N = 27) underwent MMN testing using both a conventional auditory oddball paradigm and a “many-standards paradigm” that was specifically developed to deconstruct the subcomponent adaptation and deviance detection processes that are presumed to underlie the MMN. Using a conventional oddball paradigm, patients with schizophrenia exhibited large effect size deficits of both duration and frequency MMN, consistent with many previous studies. Furthermore, patients with schizophrenia showed selective impairments in deviance detection but no impairment in adaptation to repeated tones. These findings support the use of the many-standards paradigm for deconstructing the constituent processes underlying the MMN, with implications for the use of these translational measures to accelerate the development of new treatments that target perceptual and cognitive impairments in schizophrenia and related disorders.

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Vladimirova, Tatyana Yu, Lubov V. Aizenshtadt, Alexandr V. Kurenkov, and Anastasia B. Martynova. "Virtual reality in rehabilitation of sensorineural hearing loss in adults." Science and Innovations in Medicine 4, no. 4 (December 15, 2019): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.35693/2500-1388-2019-4-4-8-11.

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Objectives - to study the influence of the individual characteristics of a patient with chronic sensorineural hearing loss on the perception of VR technique. Material and methods. The perception of VR was studied in 77 people in relation to their gender, age, auditory function, psychological and cognitive status. Results. All the patients positively evaluated the use of the virtual reality method. The level of perception of VR in adults is determined by the degree of auditory impairment. A negative correlation was revealed between the indicators of cognitive and psychological status of the examined persons and the level of perception of VR. Conclusion. The VR technique can improve the existing aural rehabilitation methods, especially in the group of people with socially significant hearing impairments.

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Hirsch, Joseph A., George M. Cuesta, Pasquale Fonzetti, Joseph Comaty, Barry D. Jordan, Rosanna Cirio, Leanne Levin, Alex Abrahams, and Kathleen M. Fry. "Expanded Exploration of the Auditory Naming Test in Patients with Dementia." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 81, no. 4 (June 15, 2021): 1763–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jad-210322.

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Background: Auditory naming tests are superior to visual confrontation naming tests in revealing word-finding difficulties in many neuropathological conditions. Objective: To delineate characteristics of auditory naming most likely to reveal anomia in patients with dementia, and possibly improve diagnostic utility, we evaluated a large sample of patients referred with memory impairment complaints. Methods: Patients with dementia (N = 733) or other cognitive impairments and normal individuals (N = 69) were evaluated for frequency of impairment on variables of the Auditory Naming Test (ANT) of Hamberger & Seidel versus the Boston Naming Test (BNT). Results: Naming impairment occurred more frequently using the ANT total score (φ= 0.41) or ANT tip-of-the tongue score (TOT; φ= 0.19) but not ANT mean response time compared to the BNT in patients with dementia (p < 0.001). Significantly more patients were impaired on ANT variables than on the BNT in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), mixed AD/VaD, and multiple domain mild cognitive impairment (mMCI) but not in other dementias or amnestic MCI (aMCI). This differential performance of patients on auditory versus visual naming tasks was most pronounced in older, well-educated, male patients with the least cognitive impairment. Impaired verbal comprehension was not contributory. Inclusion of an ANT index score increased sensitivity in the dementia sample (92%). Poor specificity (41%) may be secondary to the inherent limitation of using the BNT as a control variable. Conclusion: The ANT index score adds diagnostic utility to the assessment of naming difficulties in patients with suspected dementia.

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Clark, Matthew G., Glenn D. Rosen, Paula Tallal, and R. Holly Fitch. "Impaired Processing of Complex Auditory Stimuli in Rats with Induced Cerebrocortical Microgyria: An Animal Model of Developmental Language Disabilities." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 12, no. 5 (September 2000): 828–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089892900562435.

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Individuals with developmental language disabilities, including developmental dyslexia and specific language impairment (SLI), exhibit impairments in processing rapidly presented auditory stimuli. It has been hypothesized that these deficits are associated with concurrent deficits in speech perception and, in turn, impaired language development. Additionally, postmortem analyses of human dyslexic brains have revealed the presence of focal neocortical malformations such as cerebrocortical microgyria. In an initial study bridging these research domains, we found that male rats with induced microgyria were impaired in discriminating rapidly presented auditory stimuli. In order to further assess this anatomical-behavioral association, we designed two experiments using auditory-reflex modification. These studies were intended to assess whether auditory processing deficits in microgyric male rats would be seen in threshold detection of a silent gap in white noise, and in oddball detection of a two-tone stimulus of variable duration. Results showed no differences between sham and microgyric subjects on gap detection, but did show that microgyric subjects were impaired in the discrimination of two-tone stimuli presented in an oddball paradigm. This impairment was evident for stimuli with total duration of 64 msec or less, while both groups were able to discriminate stimuli with duration of 89 msec or greater. The current results further support the relationship between malformations of the cerebral cortex and deficits in rapid auditory processing. They also suggest that the parameters characterizing rapid auditory processing deficits for a specific task may be influenced by stimulus features and/or cognitive demand of that particular task.

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Peach, Richard, Meghana Nathan, and Katherine Beck. "Language-Specific Attention Treatment for Aphasia: Description and Preliminary Findings." Seminars in Speech and Language 38, no. 01 (February 2017): 005–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1597260.

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The need for a specific, language-based treatment approach to aphasic impairments associated with attentional deficits is well documented. We describe language-specific attention treatment, a specific skill-based approach for aphasia that exploits increasingly complex linguistic tasks that focus attention. The program consists of eight tasks, some with multiple phases, to assess and treat lexical and sentence processing. Validation results demonstrate that these tasks load on six attentional domains: (1) executive attention; (2) attentional switching; (3) visual selective attention/processing speed; (4) sustained attention; (5) auditory-verbal working memory; and (6) auditory processing speed. The program demonstrates excellent inter- and intrarater reliability and adequate test–retest reliability. Two of four people with aphasia exposed to this program demonstrated good language recovery whereas three of the four participants showed improvements in auditory-verbal working memory. The results provide support for this treatment program in patients with aphasia having no greater than a moderate degree of attentional impairment.

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Kirschen, Matthew P., Mathew S. Davis-Ratner, Marnee W. Milner, S. H. Annabel Chen, Pam Schraedley-Desmond, Paul G. Fisher, and John E. Desmond. "Verbal Memory Impairments in Children after Cerebellar Tumor Resection." Behavioural Neurology 20, no. 1-2 (2008): 39–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/817253.

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This study was designed to investigate cerebellar lobular contributions to specific cognitive deficits observed after cerebellar tumor resection. Verbal working memory (VWM) tasks were administered to children following surgical resection of cerebellar pilocytic astrocytomas and age-matched controls. Anatomical MRI scans were used to quantify the extent of cerebellar lobular damage from each patient's resection. Patients exhibited significantly reduced digit span for auditory but not visual stimuli, relative to controls, and damage to left hemispheral lobule VIII was significantly correlated with this deficit. Patients also showed reduced effects of articulatory suppression and this was correlated with damage to the vermis and hemispheral lobule IV/V bilaterally. Phonological similarity and recency effects did not differ overall between patients and controls, but outlier patients with abnormal phonological similarity effects to either auditory or visual stimuli were found to have damage to hemispheral lobule VIII/VIIB on the left and right, respectively. We postulate that damage to left hemispheral lobule VIII may interfere with encoding of auditory stimuli into the phonological store. These data corroborate neuroimaging studies showing focal cerebellar activation during VWM paradigms, and thereby allow us to predict with greater accuracy which specific neurocognitive processes will be affected by a cerebellar tumor resection.

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DOCHERTY, NANCY M., and SCOTT W. GORDINIER. "Immediate memory, attention and communication disturbances in schizophrenia patients and their relatives." Psychological Medicine 29, no. 1 (January 1999): 189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291798007843.

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Background. Schizophrenia has been defined in part by disturbances of thought and language. The non-schizophrenic relatives of patients also have been found to show subtle disturbances of language that may be associated with vulnerability. Investigators have hypothesized that these phenomena in patients and their relatives are, at least in part, the result of weaknesses in facets of attention and memory.Methods. The present study assessed some neuropsychological process correlates of three different measures of thought and language symptoms in 55 stable out-patients, using tests of immediate auditory memory impairment and auditory distractability, and carefully controlling for generalized deficit effects. A parallel assessment was made of referential communication disturbances in 59 non-schizophrenic relatives of patients and 24 control subjects matched to the relatives.Results. In patients, formal thought disorder, disorganization, and referential communication disturbances were all associated with each other and with auditory distractability. In addition, as expected, referential communication disturbances were associated with immediate auditory memory impairment. Referential disturbance ratings for relatives were similar in magnitude to those for the stable out-patients, and much higher than for controls. However, the relatives' language ratings were not associated specifically with weaknesses in attention or memory as measured.Conclusions. Impairments in immediate auditory memory and attention are associated differentially with different types of communication disturbances in schizophrenia patients. The cognitive substrate for referential communication disturbances in relatives appears to differ qualitatively from that for patients.

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NAKAGAWA, Tatsuo. "Self-Assessment of Auditory Detection and Auditory Comprehension with Amplification : Children with Hearing Impairments." Japanese Journal of Special Education 40, no. 5 (2003): 471–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.6033/tokkyou.40.471.

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Strata, Fabrizio, Ivilin P. Stoianov, Etienne de Villers-Sidani, Ben Bonham, Tiziana Martone, Tal Kenet, Edward F. Chang, Vincenzo Vincenti, and Michael M. Merzenich. "Perinatal Asphyxia Affects Rat Auditory Processing: Implications for Auditory Perceptual Impairments in Neurodevelopmental Disorders." PLoS ONE 5, no. 12 (December 23, 2010): e15326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0015326.

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Robson, Holly, Lauren Cloutman, James L. Keidel, Karen Sage, Mark Drakesmith, and Stephen Welbourne. "Mismatch negativity (MMN) reveals inefficient auditory ventral stream function in chronic auditory comprehension impairments." Cortex 59 (October 2014): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2014.07.009.

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Kramer, Steven J., Dianne R. Vertes, and Marie Condon. "Auditory Brainstem Responses and Clinical Follow-up of High-Risk Infants." Pediatrics 83, no. 3 (March 1, 1989): 385–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.83.3.385.

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Auditory brainstem response (ABR) evaluations were performed on 667 high-risk infants from an infant special care unit. Of these infants, 82% passed the ABR. Those infants who failed the ABR were classified into two groups, those who failed at 30 dB hearing level and those who failed at 45 dB hearing level. All of the infants were encouraged to return for otologic/audiologic follow-up in 1, 3, or 6 months, depending on the initial ABR results. All of the infants with severe hearing impairments came from the group who failed at 45 dB hearing level. The incidence of severe sensorineural hearing impairment in this population was estimated to be 2.4%. For the group that failed at 30 dB hearing level, 80% of those who were abnormal at follow-up were considered to have conductive hearing disorders and 20% had mild sensorineural hearing impairments. In addition, infants enrolled in a parent-infant program for hearing impaired by 6 months of age were from the ABR program; however, several infants entered the parent-infant program at a relatively late age because they did not meet the high-risk criteria, they were from other hospitals, or they were not detected by the ABR program.

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Pillay, Sara B., Jeffrey R. Binder, Colin Humphries, William L. Gross, and Diane S. Book. "Lesion localization of speech comprehension deficits in chronic aphasia." Neurology 88, no. 10 (February 8, 2017): 970–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000003683.

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Objective:Voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) was used to localize impairments specific to multiword (phrase and sentence) spoken language comprehension.Methods:Participants were 51 right-handed patients with chronic left hemisphere stroke. They performed an auditory description naming (ADN) task requiring comprehension of a verbal description, an auditory sentence comprehension (ASC) task, and a picture naming (PN) task. Lesions were mapped using high-resolution MRI. VLSM analyses identified the lesion correlates of ADN and ASC impairment, first with no control measures, then adding PN impairment as a covariate to control for cognitive and language processes not specific to spoken language.Results:ADN and ASC deficits were associated with lesions in a distributed frontal-temporal parietal language network. When PN impairment was included as a covariate, both ADN and ASC deficits were specifically correlated with damage localized to the mid-to-posterior portion of the middle temporal gyrus (MTG).Conclusions:Damage to the mid-to-posterior MTG is associated with an inability to integrate multiword utterances during comprehension of spoken language. Impairment of this integration process likely underlies the speech comprehension deficits characteristic of Wernicke aphasia.

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Miyakawa, Haruna, Noko Kuratomo, Hisham E. Bilal Salih, and Keiichi Zempo. "Auditory Uta-Karuta: Development and Evaluation of an Accessible Card Game System Using Audible Cards for the Visually Impaired." Electronics 10, no. 6 (March 22, 2021): 750. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10060750.

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Playing board games is important for people with a visually impairment, as it promotes interactive socialization and communication skills. However, some board games are not accessible to them at present. In this study, we proposed an auditory card game system that presents a card’s contents with auditory stimuli to all players, towards playing equally with others, regardless of whether they have a visual impairment or not as one of the solutions to make board games accessible. This proposal contributes significantly to expand the range of inclusive board games for the visually impaired. The purpose of this paper is to determine whether the game allows for fair competition for people with visual impairments and to clarify the effects of the valuable parameters of the system on the players. The effectiveness of the proposed system was verified by having experimental participants play “Auditory Uta-Karuta”. The results suggested that the proposed system has the potential for an accessible board game design regardless of visual impairment. In the following experiment, we investigated the impact of each valuable parameter of the system on the player’s perception of the board games to clarify the appropriate audio cue design method. The results of this experiment will greatly assist in designing an appropriate board game using the proposed system.

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Särkämö, Teppo, and Aleksi J. Sihvonen. "Lost in sound: auditory perceptual abilities in neurodegenerative diseases." Brain 143, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 2626–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awaa218.

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