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Статті в журналах з теми "Atrial fibrillation; stretch; fish oil"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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1

NINIO, DANIEL M., KAREN J. MURPHY, PETER R. HOWE, and DAVID A. SAINT. "Dietary Fish Oil Protects Against Stretch-Induced Vulnerability to Atrial Fibrillation in a Rabbit Model." Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 16, no. 11 (November 2005): 1189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8167.2005.50007.x.

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2

JANCIN, BRUCE. "Fish Oil Therapy Suppresses Atrial Fibrillation." Internal Medicine News 38, no. 13 (July 2005): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1097-8690(05)71391-3.

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3

Mozaffarian, Dariush, Roberto Marchioli, Alejandro Macchia, Maria G. Silletta, Paolo Ferrazzi, Timothy J. Gardner, Roberto Latini, et al. "Fish Oil and Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation." JAMA 308, no. 19 (November 21, 2012): 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2012.28733.

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4

Mozaffarian, Dariush, Jason H. Y. Wu, Marcia C. de Oliveira Otto, Chirag M. Sandesara, Robert G. Metcalf, Roberto Latini, Peter Libby, et al. "Fish Oil and Post-Operative Atrial Fibrillation." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 61, no. 21 (May 2013): 2194–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2013.02.045.

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5

Cleland, John G. F., Anil Joseph, and Pierpaolo Pellicori. "Fish Oil vs Olive Oil for Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation." JAMA 309, no. 9 (March 6, 2013): 871. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.670.

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6

Camm, A. John, and Irina Savelieva. "Fish Oil for Secondary Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation." Circulation 124, no. 10 (September 6, 2011): 1093–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.111.048140.

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7

Mozaffarian, Dariush, and Roberto Marchioli. "Fish Oil vs Olive Oil for Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation—Reply." JAMA 309, no. 9 (March 6, 2013): 871. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.673.

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8

Ad, Niv, and Paul S. Massimiano. "Postoperative atrial fibrillation: Adding (fish) oil to the fire." Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 155, no. 1 (January 2018): 252–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2017.09.078.

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9

JANCIN, BRUCE. "Pre-Bypass Fish Oil Cut Post-Op Atrial Fibrillation." Family Practice News 35, no. 12 (June 2005): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0300-7073(05)70838-0.

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10

Nigam, A., M. Talajic, D. Roy, S. Nattel, J. Lambert, A. Nozza, P. Jones, et al. "Multicentre Trial of Fish Oil for the Reduction of Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: the Atrial Fibrillation Fish Oil Research Study." Canadian Journal of Cardiology 29, no. 10 (October 2013): S383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2013.07.658.

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11

Farquharson, Aaron L., Robert G. Metcalf, Prashanthan Sanders, Robert Stuklis, James R. M. Edwards, Robert A. Gibson, Leslie G. Cleland, Thomas R. Sullivan, Michael J. James, and Glenn D. Young. "Effect of Dietary Fish Oil on Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Surgery." American Journal of Cardiology 108, no. 6 (September 2011): 851–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.04.036.

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12

Houmsse, Mahmoud, Ayman Bazerbashi, Kamal Haykal, and Marwan Mohammad. "Fish oil and prevention of atrial fibrillation: An appraisal of the evidence." Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences 3, no. 1 (2011): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1947-489x.210846.

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13

Kumar, S., G. Lee, F. Sutherland, R. Rosso, and P. Sparks. "Chronic Fish Oil Ingestion in Humans Prevents Atrial Electrical Remodeling and Reduces Susceptibility to Atrial Fibrillation." Heart, Lung and Circulation 19 (January 2010): S100—S101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2010.06.902.

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14

Kumar, S., F. Sutherland, J. Wong, J. Morgan, J. Voukelatos, and P. Sparks. "Chronic Fish Oil Supplementation Reduces the Recurrence of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation after Cardioversion." Heart, Lung and Circulation 20 (January 2011): S202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2011.05.498.

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15

Nigam, Anil, Mario Talajic, Denis Roy, Stanley Nattel, Jean Lambert, Anna Nozza, Peter Jones, et al. "Fish Oil for the Reduction of Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 64, no. 14 (October 2014): 1441–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2014.07.956.

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16

Yefremov, S. M., Ye A. Pokushalov, A. B. Romanov, A. M. Chernyavskiy, A. N. Shilova, A. M. Karaskov, V. V. Lomivorotov, and D. N. Ponomarev. "Studying the effects of fish oil infusion to prevent atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: data from implantable continuous cardiac monitor." Patologiya krovoobrashcheniya i kardiokhirurgiya 18, no. 3 (October 10, 2015): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21688/1681-3472-2014-3-12-18.

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Анотація:

The study was aimed at testing the hypothesis that perioperative infusion of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids would reduce the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation in CAD patients operated under CPB. The authors carried out a prospective, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. 39 CAD patients who had undergone surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass were randomized into 2 groups. 18 patients were infused with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (Omegaven, Fresenius Kabi, Germany) starting with 200 mg/kg/day before anaesthesia induction for 24 hours followed by 100 mg/kg/day from second to seventh day postoperatively. 21 patients received an equivalent dose of placebo (Intralipid, Fresenius Kabi, Germany). The primary endpoint was freedom from atrial fibrillation at 2-year follow-up. A Reveal cardiac monitor was implanted subcutaneously in all patients. Data from cardiac monitor was collected on the 10th day and at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months postoperatively. Postoperative atrial fibrillation developed in 4 (19%) patients in the control group and in 5 (27.8%) patients in the study group at 10-day follow-up (p = 0.88). At 2-year follow-up, 5 (27.8%) patients in the control group and 6 (35.3%) patients in the study group had atrial fibrillation (p = 0.9). The results of our research do not confirm the efficiency of perioperative infusion of omega-3 polyun-saturated fatty acids to prevent the occurrence of atrial fibrillation.

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17

Ryan, Jordan. "Fish Oil and Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation: The Omega-3 Fatty Acids for Prevention of Post-operative Atrial Fibrillation (OPERA) randomized trial." Journal of Emergency Medicine 44, no. 3 (March 2013): 730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2013.01.005.

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18

Samuel, Michelle, and Stanley Nattel. "Fish Oil Supplements May Increase the Risk for Atrial Fibrillation: What Does This Mean?" Circulation 144, no. 25 (December 21, 2021): 1991–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.121.057464.

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19

Cheng, Xiaocheng, Shaojie Chen, Qiongwen Hu, Yuehui Yin, and Zengzhang Liu. "Fish oil increase the risk of recurrent atrial fibrillation: Result from a meta-analysis." International Journal of Cardiology 168, no. 4 (October 2013): 4538–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.06.096.

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20

Xin, Wei, Wei Wei, Zhiqin Lin, Xiaoxia Zhang, Hongxia Yang, Tao Zhang, Bin Li, and Shuhua Mi. "Fish Oil and Atrial Fibrillation after Cardiac Surgery: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials." PLoS ONE 8, no. 9 (September 10, 2013): e72913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0072913.

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21

Van Wagoner, David R. "Fish oil for atrial fibrillation prevention: Can we intervene soon enough to make a difference?" Heart Rhythm 9, no. 7 (July 2012): 1123–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.03.005.

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22

Kumar, Saurabh, Fiona Sutherland, Justin M. S. Lee, Timothy Robinson, Patrick M. Heck, Michael C. G. Wong, Nicholas F. Kelland, Manohar L. Garg, and Paul B. Sparks. "Effects of high dose intravenous fish oil on human atrial electrophysiology: Implications for possible anti- and pro-arrhythmic mechanisms in atrial fibrillation." International Journal of Cardiology 168, no. 3 (October 2013): 2754–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.03.053.

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23

Harrison, R. A., та P. J. Elton. "Is there a role for long-chain ω3 or oil-rich fish in the treatment of atrial fibrillation?" Medical Hypotheses 64, № 1 (січень 2005): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2004.06.016.

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24

Khorrami, Elnaz, Mohammad Javad Hosseinzadeh‐Attar, Ahmad Esmaillzadeh, Elham Alipoor, Mostafa Hosseini, Zahra Emkanjou, Roya Kolahdouz Mohammadi, and Sina Moradmand. "Effect of fish oil on circulating asymmetric dimethylarginine and adiponectin in overweight or obese patients with atrial fibrillation." Food Science & Nutrition 8, no. 4 (March 11, 2020): 2165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.1518.

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25

Kitamura, Kazuhisa, Rei Shibata, Yukiomi Tsuji, Masayuki Shimano, Yasuya Inden, and Toyoaki Murohara. "Eicosapentaenoic acid prevents atrial fibrillation associated with heart failure in a rabbit model." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 300, no. 5 (May 2011): H1814—H1821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00771.2010.

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Анотація:

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with morbidity and mortality of heart failure. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), which is contained in fish oil, was shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the effects of EPA on AF associated with heart failure in a rabbit model. Rabbits were subjected to ventricular tachypacing (VTP) for 4 wk with or without EPA treatment. Continuous VTP induced heart failure status in these rabbits. The duration of AF (DAF) induced by burst pacing was analyzed by electrophysiological studies. VTP resulted in increased DAF following burst pacing. EPA treatment attenuated increased DAF. Atrial fibrosis increased in response to VTP, accompanied by extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression in the atrium. Treatment with EPA attenuated atrial fibrosis, ERK phosphorylation, and TGF-β1 expression in response to VTP. EPA treatment increased adiponectin as an anti-inflammatory adipokine and decreased tumor necrosis factor-α as a proinflammatory adipokine in the atrium and epicardial adipose tissues. EPA attenuated VTP-induced AF promotion and atrial remodeling, which was accompanied by modulating the profiles of adipokine production from epicardial adipose tissue. EPA may be useful for prevention and treatment of AF associated with heart failure.

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26

Orso, Francesco, Gianna Fabbri, and Aldo Pietro Maggioni. "Upstream Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation with n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Myth or Reality?" Arrhythmia & Electrophysiology Review 4, no. 3 (2015): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.15420/aer.2015.4.3.163.

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Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia in adults and is associated with an increased risk of fatal and non-fatal events. Antiarrhythmic drugs provide limited protection against AF recurrence and have a poor safety profile. Several mechanisms have been proven to be involved in AF, e.g. inflammation, oxidative stress, fibrosis and ischaemia. Prevention of AF with interventions that target these mechanisms has emerged as a result of experimental studies suggesting the use of upstream therapies. Long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) have multiple effects on cardiac electrophysiology, and epidemiological studies on fish oil suggest a possible use of n-3 PUFA in AF prevention. Several randomised clinical trials have been designed to evaluate the efficacy of n-3 PUFA in preventing AF. In this review, we report the conflicting results of these trials in two different clinical settings: recurrence in patients with history of AF and development of post-operative AF in patient undergoing cardiac surgery.

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27

Efremov, S. M., V. Lomivorotov, E. Pokushalov, A. Romanov, and D. Ponomarev. "PP013-SUN: Fish Oil for the Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation after Cardiac Surgery: Data from Implantable Continuous Cardiac Monitor." Clinical Nutrition 33 (September 2014): S23—S24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0261-5614(14)50055-6.

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28

Vasheghani Farahani, Ali, Awat Yousefi Azar, Hamid Reza Goodarzynejad, Elnaz Khorrami, Mohammad Javad Hosseinzadeh-Attar, Sima Oshnouei, Alireza Alizadeh Ghavidel, Elham Golfeshan, and Fateme Ghourban Pour. "Fish oil supplementation for primary prevention of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A randomized clinical trial." International Journal of Surgery 42 (June 2017): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.04.025.

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29

Lomivorotov, Vladimir V., Sergey M. Efremov, Eugeniy A. Pokushalov, Alexander B. Romanov, Dmitriy N. Ponomarev, Alexander M. Cherniavsky, Anna N. Shilova, Alexander M. Karaskov, and Vladimir N. Lomivorotov. "Randomized Trial of Fish Oil Infusion to Prevent Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Surgery: Data From an Implantable Continuous Cardiac Monitor." Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia 28, no. 5 (October 2014): 1278–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2014.02.019.

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30

Korantzopoulos, Panagiotis, Theofilos M. Kolettis, and John A. Goudevenos. "The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of long-chain n−3 fatty acids or oil-rich fish may favorably affect atrial remodeling in atrial fibrillation." Medical Hypotheses 64, no. 6 (January 2005): 1245–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2004.12.011.

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31

Yeh, Daniel Dante. "Peer review report 1 on “Fish oil supplementation for primary prevention of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A randomized clinical trial”." International Journal of Surgery 37 (January 2017): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.04.045.

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32

Ajuzieogu, Obinna V. "Peer review report 3 on “Fish oil supplementation for primary prevention of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A randomized clinical trial”." International Journal of Surgery 37 (January 2017): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.04.047.

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33

Goni, Leticia, Víctor de la O, M. Teresa Barrio-López, Pablo Ramos, Luis Tercedor, Jose Luis Ibañez-Criado, Eduardo Castellanos, et al. "A Remote Nutritional Intervention to Change the Dietary Habits of Patients Undergoing Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation: Randomized Controlled Trial." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 12 (December 7, 2020): e21436. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/21436.

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Background The Prevention With Mediterranean Diet (PREDIMED) trial supported the effectiveness of a nutritional intervention conducted by a dietitian to prevent cardiovascular disease. However, the effect of a remote intervention to follow the Mediterranean diet has been less explored. Objective This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a remotely provided Mediterranean diet–based nutritional intervention in obtaining favorable dietary changes in the context of a secondary prevention trial of atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods The PREvention of recurrent arrhythmias with Mediterranean diet (PREDIMAR) study is a 2-year multicenter, randomized, controlled, single-blinded trial to assess the effect of the Mediterranean diet enriched with extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) on the prevention of atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence after catheter ablation. Participants in sinus rhythm after ablation were randomly assigned to an intervention group (Mediterranean diet enriched with EVOO) or a control group (usual clinical care). The remote nutritional intervention included phone contacts (1 per 3 months) and web-based interventions with provision of dietary recommendations, and participants had access to a web page, a mobile app, and printed resources. The information is divided into 6 areas: Recommended foods, Menus, News and Online resources, Practical tips, Mediterranean diet classroom, and Your personal experience. At baseline and at 1-year and 2-year follow-up, the 14-item Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) questionnaire and a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire were collected by a dietitian by phone. Results A total of 720 subjects were randomized (365 to the intervention group, 355 to the control group). Up to September 2020, 560 subjects completed the first year (560/574, retention rate 95.6%) and 304 completed the second year (304/322, retention rate 94.4%) of the intervention. After 24 months of follow-up, increased adherence to the Mediterranean diet was observed in both groups, but the improvement was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (net between-group difference: 1.8 points in the MEDAS questionnaire (95% CI 1.4-2.2; P<.001). Compared with the control group, the Mediterranean diet intervention group showed a significant increase in the consumption of fruits (P<.001), olive oil (P<.001), whole grain cereals (P=.002), pulses (P<.001), nuts (P<.001), white fish (P<.001), fatty fish (P<.001), and white meat (P=.007), and a significant reduction in refined cereals (P<.001), red and processed meat (P<.001), and sweets (P<.001) at 2 years of intervention. In terms of nutrients, the intervention group significantly increased their intake of omega-3 (P<.001) and fiber (P<.001), and they decreased their intake of carbohydrates (P=.02) and saturated fatty acids (P<.001) compared with the control group. Conclusions The remote nutritional intervention using a website and phone calls seems to be effective in increasing adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern among AF patients treated with catheter ablation. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03053843; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03053843

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34

Jackson, James C., Dariush Mozaffarian, Amy J. Graves, Nancy J. Brown, Roberto Marchioli, Amy L. Kiehl, and E. Wesley Ely. "Fish Oil Supplementation Does Not Affect Cognitive Outcomes in Cardiac Surgery Patients in the Omega-3 Fatty Acids for Prevention of Post-Operative Atrial Fibrillation (OPERA) Trial." Journal of Nutrition 148, no. 3 (March 1, 2018): 472–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxx002.

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35

Pryce, Rebecca, Nijole Bernaitis, Andrew Davey, Tony Badrick, and Shailendra Anoopkumar-Dukie. "The Use of Fish Oil with Warfarin Does Not Significantly Affect either the International Normalised Ratio or Incidence of Adverse Events in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Retrospective Study." Nutrients 8, no. 9 (September 20, 2016): 578. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8090578.

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36

Mozaffarian, Dariush. "Fish Oil and Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation⁎⁎Editorials published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiologyreflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACCor the American College of Cardiology." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 50, no. 15 (October 2007): 1513–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2007.05.045.

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37

Anbari, Raghda A., Hans Ghayee, Majlinda Xhikola, and Sushma Kadiyala. "PSUN63 Approach to hyperlipidemia management in Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase II deficiency." Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): A257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.528.

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Abstract Background Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase II deficiency (CPT II) is a disorder of long-chain fatty-acid oxidation. Clinical presentations include a lethal neonatal form, severe infantile hepatocardiomuscular form, and myopathic form. The myopathic form is the most common disorder of lipid metabolism affecting skeletal muscle. Individuals with CPT II deficiency are unable to metabolize long-chain fatty acids and can have myalgia. The incidence of statin-induced muscle symptoms is 1.5% to 5%. Individuals with CPT II deficiency have been reported to have an increased incidence of statin-associated myopathy. Yet, it remains crucial to place patients with high ASCVD risk on the appropriate statin therapy. Case Presentation We present a 70-year-old male with medical history of CPT II deficiency (myopathic form), hyperlipidemia with significant hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, carotid artery stenosis, atrial fibrillation, and recurrent pancreatitis. Family history was positive for hyperlipidemia and premature coronary artery disease. After history of recurrent pancreatitis and severe myalgias, patient was diagnosed with CPT II deficiency at the age of 30 years. The myalgias were managed by increased carbohydrates intake for many years. Multiple low potency statins, and fenofibrate were attempted but he developed severe myalgia with elevated CPK levels. Eventually he was started on ezetimibe 10 mg daily with fish oil 2000 mg twice daily but his LDL-C continued to rise. CMP and TSH were within normal limits. Nuclear stress test was normal but his ASCVD risk score was 39%. Given the patient's CPT II deficiency and high risk for ASCVD score, statin was recommended for primary prevention. After a thorough discussion of risks and benefits of lipid-lowering therapy, the patient was started on pitavastatin 2 mg twice-weekly regimen and ezetimibe 10mg was continued. Eight weeks later, his LDL-C reduced from 132 mg/dl to 94 mg/dl (n <129mg/dl), TG from 449 mg/dl to 307 mg/dl (n 0-149 mg/dl). As he experienced no myalgias, an extra tablet of pitavastatin a week was added until he reached a daily regimen. He continued to tolerate this treatment and his LDL-C improved to 66 mg/dl with normal CPK levels. Clinical Lesson: We present a case of CPT II deficiency and significant hyperlipidemia successfully managed with pitavastatin and ezetimibe, which helped to achieve a desirable LDL-C. Pitavastatin is not metabolized by hepatic CYP3A4 isoenzyme as other statins and is minimally metabolized by CYP2C9. In addition, patients with CPT II deficiency may benefit from avoiding extended episodes of exertion and high-fat diet. When treating patients with CPT II deficiency and hyperlipidemia, close follow-up and laboratory monitoring will be needed. Presentation: Sunday, June 12, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.

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38

"Disappointing results for fish oil in atrial fibrillation trial." Pharmaceutical Journal, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1211/pj.2014.20066948.

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39

Yan, J., M. Liu, D. Yang, Y. Zhang, and F. An. "The most important safety risk of fish oil from the latest meta-analysis?" European Journal of Preventive Cardiology 29, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwac056.186.

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Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81670325 and No. 81370325). Background Fish oil supplements are popular worldwide, and many people believe that fish oil supplements are beneficial to their health. However, there is still controversy about whether Omega-3 fatty acids can reduce the cardiovascular risk of users. In recent years, the publication of several large randomized controlled trials has pointed out the direction for us to use fish oil supplements. Purpose We conducted a meta-analysis of recently released large randomized controlled trials to evaluate the clinical value of fish oil supplements. Methods Five latest large randomized controlled trials on Omega-3 fatty acids were included, including the ASCEND study, VITAL study, REDUCE-IT study, STRENGTH study and OMEMI Study. We analyzed the effects of fish oil supplements on the incidence of major cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction, stroke, atrial fibrillation, death from cardiovascular cause and death from all-cause. Results Fish oil supplements can significantly reduce the risk of myocardial infarction in users (RR 0.85, 95%CI 0.72- 0.99; P = 0.04), however, significantly increase the risk of atrial fibrillation (RR 1.32 95%CI 1.11-1.58; P=0.002). The use of fish oil supplements had no effect on the incidence of major cardiovascular events (RR 0.93, 95%CI 0.84-1.04; p=0.23) and stroke (RR 0.99, 95%CI 0.84-1.17; P = 0.93). Similarly, there was no effect on death from cardiovascular cause (RR 0.91, 95%CI 0.79-1.05; P = 0.20) and death from all-cause (RR 0.99, 95%CI 0.92-1.07; P = 0.79). Conclusion The results of this meta-analysis showed that fish oil supplements can reduce the incidence of myocardial infarction, but significantly increase the risk of atrial fibrillation. We should reconsider the role of fish oil supplements in preventing cardiovascular disease. We also need some large randomized controlled trials to verify the risk of atrial fibrillation caused by the use of fish oil supplements.

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Zhang, Junguo, Anping Cai, Ge Chen, Xiaojie Wang, Miao Cai, Haitao Li, Steven E. Nissen, Gregory Y. H. Lip, and Hualiang Lin. "Habitual fish oil supplementation and the risk of incident atrial fibrillation: Findings from a large prospective longitudinal cohort study." European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, September 1, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwac192.

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Abstract Background Mixed effects of fish oil supplementation on the risks of atrial fibrillation (AF) were observed in several large-scale randomized controlled trials. Whether this relationship would be modified by genetic AF risk, baseline cardiovascular disease (CVD) status and background oily fish consumption is unknown. Methods We included 468665 participants without AF at baseline from the UK Biobank cohort. The association between fish oil supplementation and the AF risk was assessed in the study cohort and in several subgroups, including genetic AF predisposition, baseline CVD status and background oily fish consumption. Results During a median follow-up of 11.1 years, fish oil users had a higher rate of incident AF (6.2% vs 5.2%, adjusted hazard ratio [HR] of 1.10 and 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07, 1.13). Compared to non-users, fish oil users had a higher rate of incident AF in the low (3.7% vs 3.0%, P = 0.02), intermediate (5.8% vs 4.8%, P < 0.0001) and high (9.8% vs 8.1%, P < 0.0001) genetic AF risk groups. In participants without CVD at baseline, fish oil users had a higher rate of incident AF (5.3% vs 4.1%, P < 0.0001), which was not observed in participants with CVD at baseline (11.6% vs 11.1%, P = 0.56), with significant interaction (P-interaction < 0.0001). The association between fish oil supplementation and the AF risk was not modified by background oily fish consumption (P-interaction = 0.62). Conclusion Habitual fish oil supplementation was associated with the risk of incident AF, regardless of genetic AF predisposition and background oily fish consumption. This association was observed only in individuals without CVD at baseline.

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Doshi, Rajkumar, Monil Majmundar, Ashish Kumar, Krunalkumar Patel, Saraschandra Vallabhajosyula, and Ankur Kalra. "Association of new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients taking high-dose fish oil." European Journal of Internal Medicine, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2021.09.010.

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Rhee, T., E. K. Choi, H. J. Ahn, S. R. Lee, S. Oh, and G. Y. H. Lip. "Fish oil supplements increase atrial fibrillation risk in healthy individuals: a population-based cohort study and Mendelian randomization analysis." European Heart Journal 43, Supplement_2 (October 1, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2381.

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Abstract Background There is a paucity of information on the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) in healthy individuals taking fish oil supplements. Purpose We aimed to investigate the epidemiologic and causal relationships between fish oil supplement intake and the long-term risk of AF. Methods From the population-based UK Biobank, we selected healthy individuals without a history of AF, other cardiac arrhythmias, or cardiovascular diseases, who were not taking lipid-lowering medications or dietary supplements other than fish oil. The 10-year risk of AF in Fish-Oil-Users vs. Non-Users was evaluated in the total population and propensity-score matched cohort. The causal relationship between n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and AF was evaluated using a two-sample summary-level Mendelian randomization analysis with fixed effects robust inverse-variance weighted method, using genetic instruments from previous studies genome-wide association studies for n-3 PUFA levels and AF, respectively. Results A total of 338,199 participants (aged 55.2±8.1, 44.3% men) were analysed. Of these, 35.0% (n=118,300) was taking fish oil supplements. The 10-year risk of AF was significantly higher in the Fish-Oil-Users than in the Non-Users (3.83% vs. 2.91%, adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.05, 95% CI [1.01–1.10], P=0.023). The result was consistent in the propensity-score matched cohort (propensity-score matched HR 1.06, 95% CI [1.00–1.12], P=0.043). The increased risk of AF by fish oil supplement was prominent in low-risk participants with healthy lifestyles. Among n-3 PUFA, the docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) showed significant causal estimates for the increased risk of AF (odds ratio [OR] 1.15, 95% CI [1.08–1.22], P<0.001), while higher eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) levels caused a decrease of AF risk (OR 0.85, 95% CI [0.80–0.90], P<0.001). Conclusion Fish oil supplement intake significantly increased the long-term risk of AF in a healthy population. The causal effect of fish oil intake on the risk of AF may depend on the specific types of n-3 PUFA. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

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Mayyas, Fadia, Seiichiro Sakurai, Mark Niebauer, Mina K. Chung, and David R. Van Wagoner. "Impact of dietary fish oil on the atrial endothelin system and inositol triphosphate signaling: relevance to post‐operative atrial fibrillation." FASEB Journal 24, S1 (April 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.622.6.

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Extramiana, Fabrice, and Antoine Leenhardt. "Fish oil and risk of atrial fibrillation: yet another paragon of the association or causation dilemma." European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, October 27, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwac243.

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"Incomplete Conflicts of Interest Disclosures in: Fish Oil and Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation: The Omega-3 Fatty Acids for Prevention of Post-operative Atrial Fibrillation (OPERA) Randomized Trial." JAMA 309, no. 9 (March 6, 2013): 876. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.537.

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Masson, Serge, Jason H. Wu, Simona Barlera, Laura Bani, Roberto Marchioli, Alejandro Macchia, Tarcisio Vago, et al. "Abstract 12364: Circulating Cardiac and Inflammatory Biomarkers to Predict Post-Operative Atrial Fibrillation in the OPERA Trial." Circulation 130, suppl_2 (November 25, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circ.130.suppl_2.12364.

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Objectives: Post-operative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a common complication after cardiac surgery and predicts increased morbidity and mortality. Identification of patients at high risk of POAF with the help of circulating biomarkers may enable early preventive treatment but data are limited, especially in contemporary surgical patients. Methods: Plasma concentrations of N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), high sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) and C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured at enrollment, on the morning of cardiac surgery, at end-surgery, and 2 days post-surgery in 562 patients undergoing cardiac surgery, randomized to perioperative supplementation with oral fish oil or placebo in the international clinical trial Omega-3 Fatty Acids for Prevention of Post-Operative Atrial Fibrillation trial (OPERA). The primary endpoint was incident POAF lasting ≥ 30 seconds, centrally adjudicated and confirmed electrocardiographically. Results: Higher levels of NT-proBNP and hs-cTnT before surgery were associated with older age, renal or cardiac dysfunction and higher EuroSCORE, while hsCRP correlated positively with BMI. NT-proBNP (2172 [1238-3758] ng/L) and hsCRP (118 [75-165] mg/L) peaked on post-operative day 2, while hs-cTnT peaked at the end of surgery (373 [188-660] ng/L). Fish oil supplementation did not alter the time course of the cardiac or inflammatory biomarkers. Concentrations of the 3 biomarkers, on the morning of surgery, or changes in their level between morning of surgery and post-surgery, were not significantly associated with POAF after adjustment for clinical and surgical characteristics. Conclusions: Among patients undergoing cardiac surgery, cardiac markers are related to clinical and surgical characteristics, have different perioperative time courses but do not help in predicting the risk of POAF.

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"Peer review report 2 on “Fish oil supplementation for primary prevention of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A randomized clinical trial”." International Journal of Surgery 37 (January 2017): 303–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.04.046.

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Rosenfeldt, Franklin L., Jee Y. Leong, Salvatore Pepe, Juliana Van der Merwe, Donald S. Esmore, and Henry Krum. "Abstract 2270: Preoperative Metabolic Therapy Improves Cardiac Surgical Outcomes: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial." Circulation 116, suppl_16 (October 16, 2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circ.116.suppl_16.ii_495-b.

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In the current era the typical patient presenting for cardiac surgery is elderly with multiple co-morbidities. These high-risk patients contribute disproportionately to postoperative morbidity and mortality. We have shown that metabolic therapy with antioxidants such as coenzyme Q 10 (Co Q 10 ) and lipoic acid as well as energy substrate precursors such as orotate have protective effects on the stressed myocardium. We postulated that such therapy would reduce myocardial damage and improve post-operative recovery. Aim: To assess the effects of perioperative metabolic therapy on clinical and biochemical outcomes of cardiac surgery. Methods: Patients ( n =117), mean age 65 years, 74% male, undergoing elective coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) or valve surgery were randomised to receive daily for a minimum of 2 weeks before, and 4 weeks after surgery, metabolic therapy consisting of CoQ 10 300mg, magnesium orotate 1.2g, alpha lipoic acid 300mg, fish oil 999 mg and selenium 200 μg or placebo. Results: In the whole group, metabolic therapy vs placebo was associated (multivariate analysis) with lower 24-hour postoperative plasma troponin I (1.44 ± 0.25 vs 2.65 ± 0.61 ug/L, p =0.003) and reduced postoperative hospital stay (6.9± 0.04 vs 8.1 ± 0.04 days, p =0.002). In CABG alone group (n=70), metabolic therapy reduced the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation (23% vs 46%, p =0.04, multivariate analysis). Conclusions: Metabolic therapy before cardiac surgery is associated with: Reduced myocardial damage (troponin I release); Shortened postoperative hospital stay; Reduced incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation in CABG patients. Clinical and economic benefits may be expected from general application of this therapy.

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Gundry, Steven R. "Abstract 309: Twelve Year Followup for Managing Coronary Artery Diease Using a Nutrigenomics Based Diet and Supplement Program With Quarterly Assessment of Biomarkers." Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 35, suppl_1 (May 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/atvb.35.suppl_1.309.

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Introduction: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is thought to be progressive; standard protocols call for a low fat/low cholesterol diet, exercise, and lipid lowering agents in an effort to slow the onset of recurrent MI’s, stents, CABG’s, stroke, or death. This results in an approximate 30-40% new event rate in 5 yrs. Methods: Based upon our experience using a Nutrigenomic-based, Lectin-limited diet to prevent/reverse Metabolic Syndrome and CAD, we have enrolled and followed 978 pts (aged 42-89 yrs) with known CAD, defined as previous MI, stent, CABG, or positive stress test/angiogram, positive Corus score greater than 30, into a diet and supplement based, physician coached program, which emphasizes large amts of leafy green vegetables, olive oil, radical reduction of grain, legumes, nightshades, and fruits; and 4 oz amts of animal proteins, emphasizing shellfish, wild fish, and grass fed meats, while avoiding commercial poultry (Matrix Protocol). All Apo E 4 genotypes ate large amts of shellfish and avoided animal fats and cheeses. All pts were instructed to take 2-4,000 mg of high DHA fish oil, 200mg of Grape Seed Extract, and 50 mg of Pycnogenol per day. Supplements were individualized based on results of Advanced Cardiovascular Risk Markers, which were sent to three core labs, (Berkeley Heart Labs, and Singulex, Alameda, CA, Health Diagnostics Labs, Richmond,VA) q 3 months and followed to measure compliance and to change supplement/eating regimens. Results: Pts have been followed for 1.5 to 12 years (mean 9 yrs). While enrolled, 13/978 pts (1.3%) have received a new stent, two that were predicted by a rising Lp-PLA2, two required CABG, based on a rising Corus score, despite HDL’s of 110-120 mg/dl. There have been no MI’s, unstable angina. One pt underwent carotid endarterectomy ; one pt suffered a CVA and died, while in atrial fibrillation, A second pt expired from a ruptured cerebral berry aneurysm. Total CV events over 12 years is 16/978 (1.6%). Conclusions: We conclude that simple Nutrigenomic-based dietary interventions, emphasizing lectin avoidance, with compliance and supplement choices based upon q 3 month assessment of biomarkers, represents a quantum leap forward in preventing/modifying Cardiovascular events in known CAD patients.

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Hershey, Maria, Leticia Goñi Mateos, Liz Ruiz-Estigarribia, M. Teresa Barrio-López, Pablo Ramos, Luis Tercedor, José L. Ibañez, Jesús Almendral, Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, and Miguel Ruiz-Canela. "Effective Dietary Behavior Change Using an Online Nutrition Intervention with a Mediterranean Diet Plus Extra-virgin Olive Oil for the Prevention of Recurrent Arrhythmia (P12-006-19)." Current Developments in Nutrition 3, Supplement_1 (June 1, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzz035.p12-006-19.

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Abstract Objectives The PREDIMAR (Prevention of arrythmias with Mediterranean diet -MedDiet-) trial is an ongoing randomized, parallel, multicenter study in Spain that began in 2017. The aim of this trial was to assess the effectiveness of a remote nutrition intervention in reducing the rate of atrial fibrillation (AF) relapses after ablation. Here, we compare 1-year changes in diet and other lifestyle factors between the intervention and control group. Methods As of December 2018, 149 out of 484 recruited participants had completed the 1-yr follow-up visit. Among them, 77 received a remote intervention by a dietitian and 72 received the usual clinical care (controls). Adherence to the MedDiet was measured using a validated 14-point Mediterranean diet Adherence Score (MEDAS). Lifestyle was measured using a 7-point Healthy Lifestyle Score (HLS): physical activity, BMI, Mediterranean diet score, moderate alcohol consumption, TV watching, napping, and time spent with friends. Mean differences between baseline and 1-yr follow-up within and between groups were calculated with Student's t-test for statistical significance. Results One-year changes in MEDAS were significantly better within the intervention group (2.48 pts. 95%CI:1.97–2.99) but not within the control group (0.29 pts. 95%CI: −0.21–0.79). We observed a significant increase in MEDAS in the intervention group compared to the control group (2.19 pts. 95%CI: −2.90–1.48). After 1-yr follow-up, participants in the intervention group significantly increased their consumption of fruits, vegetables, legumes, olive oil, fish, nuts, carbohydrates, fiber, and fat, by increasing MUFA and PUFA (all P < 0.05). We found a greater intake of fruits, vegetables, olive oil, fish, nuts, fat, MUFA, PUFA, and fiber, but less meat and alcohol, at 1-yr in the intervention group compared to the control group (all P < 0.05). After 1-yr follow-up HLS changes were not significant between groups. Conclusions In the PREDIMAR trial, an online nutrition intervention complemented with telephone calls and printed materials effectively increased 1-yr adherence to the MedDiet without altering other lifestyle factors compared to the control group. Funding Sources Instituto de Salud Carlos III, European Fund for Regional and Economic Development, Regional Government of Navarra, Spanish Society of Cardiology, Innoliva, and Basque Culinary Center. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

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