Статті в журналах: "Asthma Australia"

1

FORD, R. MUNRO. "Asthma in Australia." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine 24, no. 1 (February 1994): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-5994.1994.tb04436.x.

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2

Shah, Smita, Brett G. Toelle, Susan M. Sawyer, Jessica K. Roydhouse, Peter Edwards, Tim Usherwood, and Christine R. Jenkins. "Feasibility study of a communication and education asthma intervention for general practitioners in Australia." Australian Journal of Primary Health 16, no. 1 (2010): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py09056.

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The Physician Asthma Care Education (PACE) program significantly improved asthma prescribing and communication behaviours of primary care paediatricians in the USA. We tested the feasibility and acceptability of a modified PACE program with Australian general practitioners (GP) and measured its impact on self-reported consulting behaviours in a pilot study. Recruitment took place through a local GP division. Twenty-five GP completed two PACE Australia workshops, which incorporated paediatric asthma management consistent with Australian asthma guidelines and focussed on effective communication strategies. Program feasibility, usefulness and perceived benefit were measured by questionnaires before the workshop and 1 month later, and an evaluation questionnaire after each workshop. GP were universally enthusiastic and supportive of the workshops. The most useful elements they reported were communication skills, case studies, device demonstrations and the toolkit provided. GP self reports of the perceived helpfulness of the key communication strategies and their confidence in their application and reported frequency of use increased significantly after the workshops. The PACE program shows promise in improving the way in which Australian GP manage asthma consultations, particularly with regard to doctor–patient communication. The impact of the modified PACE Australia program on the processes and outcomes of GP care of children with asthma is now being measured in a randomised controlled trial.

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3

McKenzie, Kirsten, and Sue Wood. "Asthma Terminology and Classification in Hospital Records." Health Information Management 34, no. 2 (June 2005): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/183335830503400203.

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Asthma is a national health priority area in Australia, and there is significant interest in capturing relevant detail about hospitalisations as a result of asthma. A public submission received by the National Centre for Classification in Health from a large teaching hospital in Victoria suggested that current classification terminology in ICD-10-AM did not adequately reflect the terms recorded in clinical inpatient records, and that patterns and severity of asthma better reflected current clinical terminology in Australian hospitals. The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of the public submission and inform future changes to ICD-10-AM. A representative sample of over 3000 asthma records across Australia and New Zealand were extracted, and the asthma terminology documented and codes assigned were recorded and analysed. The study concluded that there was little support for either pattern terminology or the current classification terminology; however, severity of asthma was commonly used in asthma documentation.

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4

Marks, Guy B., Patricia K. Correll, and Margaret Williamson. "Asthma in Australia 2005." Medical Journal of Australia 183, no. 9 (November 2005): 445–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2005.tb07119.x.

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5

Barraclough, Philip J. "Asthma morbidity in Australia." Medical Journal of Australia 157, no. 6 (September 1992): 426. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1992.tb137271.x.

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6

Bauman, Adrian. "Asthma morbidity in Australia." Medical Journal of Australia 157, no. 6 (September 1992): 426–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1992.tb137272.x.

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7

O'Donnell, Thomas V. "ASTHMA - AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine 18, no. 3 (May 1988): 303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-5994.1988.tb02042.x.

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8

Watts, Richard W. "ASTHMA MANAGEMENT IN RURAL AUSTRALIA." Australian Journal of Rural Health 7, no. 4 (November 1999): 249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1584.1999.00235.x.

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9

Adams, R. J. "Underdiagnosed asthma in South Australia." Thorax 58, no. 10 (October 1, 2003): 846–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thorax.58.10.846.

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10

Paterson, NA, JK Peat, CM Mellis, W. Xuan, and AJ Woolcock. "Accuracy of asthma treatment in schoolchildren in NSW, Australia." European Respiratory Journal 10, no. 3 (March 1, 1997): 658–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.97.10030658.

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Insufficient use of anti-inflammatory drugs, such as inhaled corticosteroids and cromoglycate, may contribute to the disease burden associated with asthma. Conversely, aggressive treatment of mild disease may result in avoidable costs and/or adverse drug effects. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between asthma severity and inhaled corticosteroid/cromoglycate use in a large (n=4,909) random sample of children, aged 8-11 yrs, in NSW, Australia. Asthma and its treatment were assessed by questionnaire responses. Asthma, defined as diagnosis plus current wheeze, was present in 901 children (18% of the sample), of whom 225 (5%) had moderate asthma, defined as asthma plus additional symptoms (sleep disturbance), utilization (hospital, casualty), or disability (reduced activity, school absence). Use of inhaled corticosteroid/cromoglycate was reported by 636 children (13% of the sample). Determinants of use included: asthma diagnosis, current wheeze, and troublesome dry nocturnal cough. There was also a strong relationship between anti-inflammatory treatment and a multicomponent asthma severity score constructed for each child. Inhaled corticosteroids and/or cromoglycate were used by 56% of the children with asthma (24% daily) and by 76% of children with moderate asthma (42% daily). Undertreatment, defined as less than daily inhaled corticosteroids/cromoglycate in moderate asthma, was identified in 130 children (14% of those with asthma or 3% of the sample). Conversely, apparently aggressive treatment, defined as inhaled corticosteroid/cromoglycate use in children with persistent minimal symptoms (asthma severity score of less than 3) was identified in 101 children (2% of the sample). Although there were significant differences between regions in the choice of anti-inflammatory drugs and in the prevalence both of undertreatment and apparently aggressive treatment, there was no clear relationship to regional utilization of emergency and hospital services for asthma. Nevertheless, the frequency of undertreatment suggests an opportunity to reduce asthma morbidity by more consistent application of current therapeutic guidelines.

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11

Roydhouse, Jessica A., Smita Shah, Brett G. Toelle, Susan M. Sawyer, Craig M. Mellis, Tim P. Usherwood, Peter Edwards, and Christine R. Jenkins. "A snapshot of general practitioner attitudes, levels of confidence and self-reported paediatric asthma management practice." Australian Journal of Primary Health 17, no. 3 (2011): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py11009.

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The prevalence of asthma in Australia is high. Previous findings have suggested that asthma management, particularly in primary care, remains suboptimal and recent government initiatives to improve asthma management and encourage the use of written asthma action plans (WAAPs) in general practice have been implemented. We aimed to assess the attitudes, confidence and self-reported paediatric asthma management practices of a convenience sample of Australian general practitioners (GPs). A baseline questionnaire was administered to GPs as part of a randomised controlled trial. General practitioners (GPs) were recruited from two areas of greater metropolitan Sydney, NSW between 2006 and 2008. Invitations were sent to an estimated 1200 potentially eligible GPs. Of 150 (12.5%) GPs that enrolled, 122 (10.2%) completed the baseline questionnaire. Though 89% were aware of the Australian National Asthma Guidelines, less than 40% were familiar with guideline recommendations. While 85.2% had positive attitudes towards WAAPs, only 45.1% reported providing them frequently. For children with frequent symptoms, 90% agreed they should prescribe daily, inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), and 83% reported currently prescribing ICS to such patients. These findings indicate gaps between GP attitudes and behaviours and highlights opportunities for interventions to improve paediatric asthma management.

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12

Weiner, John M., and Robyn E. O'Hehir. "Allergy and asthma in Central Australia." Medical Journal of Australia 165, no. 9 (November 1996): 526. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb138626.x.

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13

Woolcock, Ann J., Shalini A. Bastiampillai, Guy B. Marks, and Victoria A. Keena. "The burden of asthma in Australia." Medical Journal of Australia 175, no. 3 (August 2001): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2001.tb143062.x.

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14

Musk, Arthur W., Gerard F. Ryan, Dhammika M. Perera, Blasco P. J. D'Souza, Richard L. Hockey, and Michael S. T. Hobbs. "Mortality from asthma in Western Australia." Medical Journal of Australia 147, no. 9 (November 1987): 423–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1987.tb133582.x.

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15

SOUEF, P. N. "Asthma genetics studies in Western Australia." Clinical Experimental Allergy 25, s2 (November 1995): 26–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1995.tb00415.x.

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16

Febriawan, Hendra Kurnia, and Carla Maria Da Silva Sodre. "An Exploratory Analysis in Mapping of Asthma Risk in Western Australia." Indonesian Journal of Geography 50, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijg.30149.

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Exploratory Analysis as one of the spatial analysis tools that has been used widely in many study fields. This tool is usually intended to obtain the spatial pattern to observe and get relationship between study variables. The exploratory analysis is usually followed by the confirmatory analysis to exhibit the hypothesis that already obtain in the exploratory analysis. This study is aimed to investigate the prevalence of asthma in Western Australia since there are many factors that cause the asthma dispersion. Many provided variables have been tested to get the best correlation with the asthma percentage variable and four variables (humidity, annual rainfall, EVI and SEIFA) were chosen and tested with high asthma percentage variable. The result of confirmatory analysis indicates that the high level of humidity and low level of SEIFA confirm with the hypothesis and means that those factors can contribute significantly in Asthma prevalence in Western Australia.

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17

Comino, Elizabeth, and Richard Henry. "Changing Approaches to Asthma Management in Australia." Drugs 61, no. 9 (2001): 1289–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003495-200161090-00005.

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18

Bauman, Adrian, Elizabeth J. Comino, Charles A. Mitchell, Richard L. Henry, Colin F. Robertson, Michael J. Abramson, Michael J. Hensley, and Stephen R. Leeder. "Asthma morbidity in Australia: an epidemiological study." Medical Journal of Australia 156, no. 12 (June 1992): 827–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1992.tb136992.x.

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19

Langton, David, Joy Sha, Alvin Ing, David Fielding, and Erica Wood. "Bronchial thermoplasty in severe asthma in Australia." Internal Medicine Journal 47, no. 5 (May 2017): 536–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imj.13372.

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20

Calogero, Claudia, Merci MH Kusel, Hugo PS Van Bever, and Peter D. Sly. "Management of childhood asthma in Western Australia." Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 45, no. 3 (March 2009): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.2008.01441.x.

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21

Jenkins, Mark A., Abe R. Rubinfeld, Colin F. Robertson, and Glenn Bowes. "Accuracy of asthma death statistics in Australia." Australian Journal of Public Health 16, no. 4 (February 12, 2010): 427–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.1992.tb00091.x.

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22

Brown, Andrew, Andrew Dowdy, and Elizabeth E. Ebert. "The Relationship between High-Presentation Asthma Days in Melbourne, Australia, and Modeled Thunderstorm Environments." Weather and Forecasting 37, no. 3 (March 2022): 313–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-21-0109.1.

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Abstract Epidemic asthma events represent a significant risk to emergency services as well as the wider community. In southeastern Australia, these events occur in conjunction with relatively high amounts of grass pollen during the late spring and early summer, which may become concentrated in populated areas through atmospheric convergence caused by a number of physical mechanisms including thunderstorm outflow. Thunderstorm forecasts are therefore important for identifying epidemic asthma risk factors. However, the representation of thunderstorm environments using regional numerical weather prediction models, which are a key aspect of the construction of these forecasts, have not yet been systematically evaluated in the context of epidemic asthma events. Here, we evaluate diagnostics of thunderstorm environments from historical simulations of weather conditions in the vicinity of Melbourne, Australia, in relation to the identification of epidemic asthma cases based on hospital data from a set of controls. Skillful identification of epidemic asthma cases is achieved using a thunderstorm diagnostic that describes near-surface water vapor mixing ratio. This diagnostic is then used to gain insights on the variability of meteorological environments related to epidemic asthma in this region, including diurnal variations, long-term trends, and the relationship with large-scale climate drivers. Results suggest that there has been a long-term increase in days with high water vapor mixing ratio during the grass pollen season, with large-scale climate drivers having a limited influence on these conditions. Significance Statement We investigate the atmospheric conditions associated with epidemic thunderstorm asthma events in Melbourne, Australia, using historical model simulations of the weather. Conditions appear to be associated with high atmospheric moisture content, which relates to environments favorable for severe thunderstorms, but also potentially pollen rupturing as suggested by previous studies. These conditions are shown to be just as important as the concentration of grass pollen for a set of epidemic thunderstorm asthma events in this region. This means that weather model simulations of thunderstorm conditions can be incorporated into the forecasting process for epidemic asthma in Melbourne, Australia. We also investigate long-term variability in atmospheric conditions associated with severe thunderstorms, including relationships with the large-scale climate and long-term trends.

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23

Fuhrmann, Anita, Suzanne Wijsman, Philip Weinstein, Darryl Poulsen, and Peter Franklin. "Asthma Among Musicians in Australia: Is There a Difference Between Wind/Brass and Other Players?" Medical Problems of Performing Artists 24, no. 4 (December 1, 2009): 170–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2009.4034.

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Control of respiration is important in wind/brass instrument playing. Although respiratory diseases, such as asthma, may affect breathing control, little is known about the prevalence of asthma among wind and brass musicians. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of self-reported asthma between wind/brass musicians and non-wind/brass musicians through different stages of experience. A total of 1960 musicians completed a respiratory health questionnaire. The participants were categorized into the following five subgroups: primary students, secondary students, tertiary students, community musicians, and professional musicians. Chi-squared and logistic regression analyses were used to compare asthma prevalence and related health outcomes between wind/brass and non-wind/brass musicians. There were no significant differences in current asthma prevalence between the wind/brass and other musicians in any of the subgroups, apart from tertiary students in whom the prevalence of asthma and related outcomes appeared to be higher among wind/brass musicians. Asthma prevalence among musicians in our survey was similar to that in the overall population. The results suggest that having asthma does not significantly affect participation in music, the choice of instrument to learn (wind/brass or other), or progression to elite levels as a musician.

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24

Brew, Bronwyn, Alison Gibberd, Guy B. Marks, Natalie Strobel, Clare Wendy Allen, Louisa Jorm, Georgina Chambers, Sandra Eades, and Bridgette McNamara. "Identifying preventable risk factors for hospitalised asthma in young Aboriginal children: a whole-population cohort study." Thorax 76, no. 6 (January 8, 2021): 539–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-216189.

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BackgroundAustralia has one of the highest rates of asthma worldwide. Indigenous children have a particularly high burden of risk determinants for asthma, yet little is known about the asthma risk profile in this population.AimTo identify and quantify potentially preventable risk factors for hospitalised asthma in Australian Aboriginal children (1–4 years of age).MethodsBirth, hospital and emergency data for all Aboriginal children born 2003–2012 in Western Australia were linked (n=32 333). Asthma was identified from hospitalisation codes. ORs and population attributable fractions were calculated for maternal age at birth, remoteness, area-level disadvantage, prematurity, low birth weight, maternal smoking in pregnancy, mode of delivery, maternal trauma and hospitalisations for acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) in the first year of life.ResultsThere were 705 (2.7%) children hospitalised at least once for asthma. Risk factors associated with asthma included: being hospitalised for an ARTI (OR 4.06, 95% CI 3.44 to 4.78), area-level disadvantage (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.28 to 1.94), being born at <33 weeks’ gestation (OR 3.30, 95% CI 2.52 to 4.32) or birth weight <1500 g (OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.39 to 3.99). The proportion of asthma attributable to an ARTI was 31%, area-level disadvantage 18%, maternal smoking 5%, and low gestational age and birth weight were 3%–7%. We did not observe a higher risk of asthma in those children who were from remote areas.ConclusionImproving care for pregnant Aboriginal women as well as for Aboriginal infants with ARTI may help reduce the burden of asthma in the Indigenous population.

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25

Comino, Elizabeth J., Adrian Bauman, Charles A. Mitchell, Richard L. Henry, Colin F. Robertson, Michael J. Abramson, Richard Ruffin, and Lou Landau. "Asthma management in eastern Australia, 1990 and 1993." Medical Journal of Australia 164, no. 7 (April 1996): 403–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb122087.x.

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26

Comino, Elizabeth J., and Adrian Baumant. "Trends in asthma mortality in Australia, 1960‐1996." Medical Journal of Australia 168, no. 10 (May 1998): 525–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1998.tb141433.x.

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27

Bauman, Adrian, and Simon Lee. "Trends in asthma mortality in Australia, 1911‐1986." Medical Journal of Australia 153, no. 6 (September 1990): 366–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1990.tb136973.x.

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28

Sly, Peter D., and Patrick G. Holt. "Pollution, climate change, and childhood asthma in Australia." Medical Journal of Australia 208, no. 7 (April 2018): 297–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja17.01145.

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29

Muscatello, D. J. "FEBRUARY ASTHMA EPIDEMICS IN NEW SOUTH WALES, AUSTRALIA." Epidemiology 14, Supplement (September 2003): S121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001648-200309001-00295.

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30

Campbell, D. A., G. McLennan, J. R. Coates, P. A. Frith, P. A. Gluyas, K. M. Latimer, C. G. Luke, et al. "A comparison of asthma deaths and near-fatal asthma attacks in South Australia." European Respiratory Journal 7, no. 3 (March 1, 1994): 490–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.94.07030490.

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31

Beyene, Tesfalidet, Erin S. Harvey, Joseph Van Buskirk, Vanessa M. McDonald, Megan E. Jensen, Jay C. Horvat, Geoffrey G. Morgan, et al. "‘Breathing Fire’: Impact of Prolonged Bushfire Smoke Exposure in People with Severe Asthma." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 12 (June 16, 2022): 7419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127419.

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Wildfires are increasing and cause health effects. The immediate and ongoing health impacts of prolonged wildfire smoke exposure in severe asthma are unknown. This longitudinal study examined the experiences and health impacts of prolonged wildfire (bushfire) smoke exposure in adults with severe asthma during the 2019/2020 Australian bushfire period. Participants from Eastern/Southern Australia who had previously enrolled in an asthma registry completed a questionnaire survey regarding symptoms, asthma attacks, quality of life and smoke exposure mitigation during the bushfires and in the months following exposure. Daily individualized exposure to bushfire particulate matter (PM2.5) was estimated by geolocation and validated modelling. Respondents (n = 240) had a median age of 63 years, 60% were female and 92% had severe asthma. They experienced prolonged intense PM2.5 exposure (mean PM2.5 32.5 μg/m3 on 55 bushfire days). Most (83%) of the participants experienced symptoms during the bushfire period, including: breathlessness (57%); wheeze/whistling chest (53%); and cough (50%). A total of 44% required oral corticosteroid treatment for an asthma attack and 65% reported reduced capacity to participate in usual activities. About half of the participants received information/advice regarding asthma management (45%) and smoke exposure minimization strategies (52%). Most of the participants stayed indoors (88%) and kept the windows/doors shut when inside (93%), but this did not clearly mitigate the symptoms. Following the bushfire period, 65% of the participants reported persistent asthma symptoms. Monoclonal antibody use for asthma was associated with a reduced risk of persistent symptoms. Intense and prolonged PM2.5 exposure during the 2019/2020 bushfires was associated with acute and persistent symptoms among people with severe asthma. There are opportunities to improve the exposure mitigation strategies and communicate these to people with severe asthma.

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32

Hoy, Ryan, Jonathan Burdon, Ling Chen, Susan Miles, Jennifer L. Perret, Shivonne Prasad, Naghmeh Radhakrishna, et al. "Work‐related asthma: A position paper from the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand and the National Asthma Council Australia." Respirology 25, no. 11 (October 5, 2020): 1183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/resp.13951.

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33

Campbell, Sharon, Paul Fox-Hughes, Penelope Jones, Tomas Remenyi, Kate Chappell, Christopher White, and Fay Johnston. "Evaluating the Risk of Epidemic Thunderstorm Asthma: Lessons from Australia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 5 (March 7, 2019): 837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16050837.

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Epidemic thunderstorm asthma (ETA) is an emerging public health threat in Australia, highlighted by the 2016 event in Melbourne, Victoria, that overwhelmed health services and caused loss of life. However, there is limited understanding of the regional variations in risk. We evaluated the public health risk of ETA in the nearby state of Tasmania by quantifying the frequency of potential ETA episodes and applying a standardized natural disaster risk assessment framework. Using a case–control approach, we analyzed emergency presentations in Tasmania’s public hospitals from 2002 to 2017. Cases were defined as days when asthma presentations exceeded four standard deviations from the mean, and controls as days when asthma presentations were less than one standard deviation from the mean. Four controls were randomly selected for each case. Independently, a meteorologist identified the dates of potential high-risk thunderstorm events. No case days coincided with thunderstorms during the study period. ETA was assessed as a very low risk to the Tasmanian population, with these findings informing risk prioritization and resource allocation. This approach may be scaled and applied in other settings to determine local ETA risk. Furthermore, the identification of hazards using this method allows for critical analysis of existing public health systems.

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34

Masters, Geoff, Sonj E. Hall, Martin Phillips, and Duncan Boldy. "Outcomes measurement for asthma following acute presentation to an emergency department." Australian Health Review 24, no. 3 (2001): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah010053.

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The Asthma Management Plan (AMP) was developed by the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand in 1989to provide a more uniform approach to asthma care, aimed at reducing mortality, morbidity and emergencypresentations. The AMP is often supplemented with Asthma Clinical Pathways (CPs) within the emergencydepartment and hospital setting.This study was designed to evaluate the impact of these two instruments on asthma outcomes one month afterpresentation to the emergency department. The AMP and CP were both found to have had positive influences onasthma management. However, the study illustrates that there continue to be problems with asthma management,which would be improved by a more consistent use of these instruments.

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35

Mogasale, Vittal, and Theo Vos. "Cost-effectiveness of asthma clinic approach in the management of chronic asthma in Australia." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 37, no. 3 (June 2013): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12060.

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36

Daley, Denise, Mathieu Lemire, Loubna Akhabir, Moira Chan-Yeung, Jian Qing He, Treena McDonald, Andrew Sandford, et al. "Analyses of associations with asthma in four asthma population samples from Canada and Australia." Human Genetics 125, no. 4 (February 27, 2009): 445–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00439-009-0643-8.

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37

Keramat, Syed Afroz, Khorshed Alam, Rezwanul Hasan Rana, Rupok Chowdhury, Fariha Farjana, Rubayyat Hashmi, Jeff Gow, and Stuart J. H. Biddle. "Obesity and the risk of developing chronic diseases in middle-aged and older adults: Findings from an Australian longitudinal population survey, 2009–2017." PLOS ONE 16, no. 11 (November 16, 2021): e0260158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260158.

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Background Overweight and obesity impose a significant health burden in Australia, predominantly the middle-aged and older adults. Studies of the association between obesity and chronic diseases are primarily based on cross-sectional data, which is insufficient to deduce a temporal relationship. Using nationally representative panel data, this study aims to investigate whether obesity is a significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes, heart diseases, asthma, arthritis, and depression in Australian middle-aged and older adults. Methods Longitudinal data comprising three waves (waves 9, 13 and 17) of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey were used in this study. This study fitted longitudinal random-effect logistic regression models to estimate the between-person differences in the association between obesity and chronic diseases. Results The findings indicated that obesity was associated with a higher prevalence of chronic diseases among Australian middle-aged and older adults. Obese adults (Body Mass Index [BMI] ≥ 30) were at 12.76, 2.05, 1.97, 2.25, and 1.96, times of higher risks of having type 2 diabetes (OR: 12.76, CI 95%: 8.88–18.36), heart disease (OR: 2.05, CI 95%: 1.54–2.74), asthma (OR: 1.97, CI 95%: 1.49–2.62), arthritis (OR: 2.25, 95% CI: 1.90–2.68) and depression (OR: 1.96, CI 95%: 1.56–2.48), respectively, compared with healthy weight counterparts. However, the study did not find any evidence of a statistically significant association between obesity and cancer. Besides, gender stratified regression results showed that obesity is associated with a higher likelihood of asthma (OR: 2.64, 95% CI: 1.84–3.80) among female adults, but not in the case of male adults. Conclusion Excessive weight is strongly associated with a higher incidence of chronic disease in Australian middle-aged and older adults. This finding has clear public health implications. Health promotion programs and strategies would be helpful to meet the challenge of excessive weight gain and thus contribute to the prevention of chronic diseases.

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38

Pearce, N., S. Weiland, U. Keil, P. Langridge, HR Anderson, D. Strachan, A. Bauman, et al. "Self-reported prevalence of asthma symptoms in children in Australia, England, Germany and New Zealand: an international comparison using the ISAAC protocol." European Respiratory Journal 6, no. 10 (November 1, 1993): 1455–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.93.06101455.

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There is a need for a standardized approach to international and regional comparisons of the prevalence and severity of asthma, and for the monitoring of asthma morbidity over time. In 1991, standardized written and video questionnaires were developed and administered in surveys of schoolchildren, aged 12-15 yrs, in five regions in four countries: Adelaide, Australia (n = 1,428); Sydney, Australia (n = 1519); West Sussex, England (n = 2,097); Bochum, Germany (n = 1928); and Wellington, New Zealand (n = 1863). The self-reported prevalence of wheezing during the previous 12 months was similar in West Sussex (29% using the written questionnaire and 30% using the video questionnaire), Wellington (28 and 36%), Adelaide (29 and 37%), and Sydney (30 and 40%), but was lower in Bochum (20 and 27%). The one year prevalence of severe wheezing limiting speech was greater in Wellington (11%), Adelaide (10%) and Sydney (13%), than in West Sussex (7%) and Bochum (6%). The self-reported one year prevalences of frequent attacks, frequent nocturnal wheezing, and doctor diagnosed asthma, were also higher in the Australasian centres than in the European centres. We conclude, that an international comparison of asthma symptom prevalence in childhood, using simple standardized instruments, is feasible. Possible explanations for the differences in reported asthma severity between the Australasian and European centres include differences in exposure to risk factors and differences in the management of asthma.

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39

Ferreira, Manuel A. R. "Want to Work on Asthma Genetics?" Twin Research and Human Genetics 23, no. 2 (April 2020): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2020.44.

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AbstractTwins, data and emails. Some of the words that first come to mind when I think of Nick. Lots of twins. With lots of data. And short single-finger-typed emails. And great wine. Well, it works, there is no doubt. That’s how I ended up in Australia, working on asthma genetics.

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40

Beilby, Justin J., Melanie A. Wakefield, and Richard E. Ruffin. "Reported use of asthma management plans in South Australia." Medical Journal of Australia 166, no. 6 (March 1997): 298–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1997.tb122317.x.

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41

Bauman, Adrian. "Asthma in Australia: dawning of a public health approach." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 20, no. 1 (February 1996): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-842x.1996.tb01324.x.

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42

Ford, R. Munro. "Asthma in Australia: my six point plan of management." Medical Journal of Australia 158, no. 12 (June 1993): 868. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1993.tb137687.x.

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43

Peat, J. K., M. Haby, J. Spijker, G. Berry, and A. J. Woolcock. "Prevalence of asthma in adults in Busselton, Western Australia." BMJ 305, no. 6865 (November 28, 1992): 1326–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.305.6865.1326.

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44

Lincoln, D., G. Morgan, V. Sheppeard, B. Jalaludin, S. Corbett, and J. Beard. "Childhood asthma and return to school in Sydney, Australia." Public Health 120, no. 9 (September 2006): 854–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2006.05.015.

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45

Otim, Michael E., Ranmalie Jayasinha, Hayley Forbes, and Smita Shah. "Building evidence for peer-led interventions: assessing the cost of the Adolescent Asthma Action program in Australia." Australian Journal of Primary Health 21, no. 4 (2015): 438. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py14066.

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Asthma is the most common chronic illness among adolescents in Australia. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adolescents, in particular, face substantial inequalities in asthma-related outcomes. Triple A (Adolescent Asthma Action) is a peer-led education intervention, which aims to improve asthma self-management and reduce the uptake of smoking among adolescents. The aim of this study was to determine the cost of implementing the Triple A program in Australia. Standard economic costing methods were used. It involved identifying the resources that were utilised (such as personnel and program materials), measuring them and then valuing them. We later performed sensitivity analysis so as to identify the cost drivers and a stress test to test how the intervention can perform when some inputs are lacking. Results indicate that the estimated cost of implementing the Triple A program in five schools was $41 060, assuming that the opportunity cost of all the participants and venues was accounted for. This translated to $8212 per school or $50 per target student. From sensitivity analysis and a stress test, it was identified that the cost of the intervention (in practice) was $14 per student. This appears to be a modest cost, given the burden of asthma. In conclusion, the Triple A program is an affordable intervention to implement in high schools. The potential asthma cost savings due to the program are significant. If the Triple A program is implemented nation-wide, the benefits would be substantial.

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46

Cheong, Lynn H., Carol L. Armour, and Sinthia Z. Bosnic-Anticevich. "Multidisciplinary collaboration in primary care: through the eyes of patients." Australian Journal of Primary Health 19, no. 3 (2013): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py12019.

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Managing chronic illness is highly complex and the pathways to access health care for the patient are unpredictable and often unknown. While multidisciplinary care (MDC) arrangements are promoted in the Australian primary health care system, there is a paucity of research on multidisciplinary collaboration from patients’ perspectives. This exploratory study is the first to gain an understanding of the experiences, perceptions, attitudes and potential role of people with chronic illness (asthma) on the delivery of MDC in the Australian primary health care setting. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with asthma patients from Sydney, Australia. Qualitative analysis of data indicates that patients are significant players in MDC and their perceptions of their chronic condition, perceived roles of health care professionals, and expectations of health care delivery, influence their participation and attitudes towards multidisciplinary services. Our research shows the challenges presented by patients in the delivery and establishment of multidisciplinary health care teams, and highlights the need to consider patients’ perspectives in the development of MDC models in primary care.

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47

Joos, Than H. "WHAT DO HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS KNOW ABOUT CHILDHOOD ASTHMA?" Pediatrics 94, no. 2 (August 1, 1994): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.94.2.262.

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Purpose of the Study. Salbutamol (albuterol) metered dose inhalers are a nonprescription, over-the-counter medication in Australia. In some instances, therefore, the only health care professional to advise asthmatics is the pharmacist. The present study was performed to assess the asthma knowledge base of pharmacists, general practitioners, and pediatric nurses in a given geographic area. Methods. A questionnaire that was developed and tested with medical students and parents of asthmatics was mailed to the above groups of health care professionals in the New Castle region of New South Wales, Australia. Results. An overall return rate of 50% was obtained. The following areas of significant knowledge deficiencies were noted: 1) Pharmacists—Fifty-six percent were unaware of the three cardinal symptoms of asthma: cough, wheeze, and breathlessness, 52% were unaware that asthma often worsens at night, and 57% did not know that viral infections were common triggers of asthma. 2) General Practitioners—Thirty-four percent believed childhood asthma damages the heart, 28% were unable to name three treatments useful in an acute attack, and 18% could not name two asthma preventative drugs. 3) Pediatric nurses—Fifty percent were uninformed regarding the need to seek medical care if nebulizer treatments were required more frequently than every two hours, 40% said inhaled medicines caused more side effects than their oral counter parts, and 40% thought auscultation was the best way to assess asthma. Reviewer's Comments. How would we in America compare, if asked to participate in such an exercise? I would let the reader decide, but in general we need to enlarge our educational programs.

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48

Zhang, Lin, Bronwyn Jenkins, Richard Stark, and Elspeth Hutton. "061 Training in headache in australia, new zealand and asia." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 90, e7 (July 2019): A20.1—A20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2019-anzan.53.

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IntroductionMigraine is the leading cause of age-adjusted neurological disability in Australia, but little is known about headache training in our region. We aimed to assess the quantity of teaching in headache subjects during undergraduate and postgraduate years.MethodThis is a cross-sectional survey study where questionnaires were sent to 137 delegates from Australia, New Zealand and Asia, prior to the Headache Master School in Sydney in August 2018. The Main outcome measured are recalled number of hours of teaching in undergraduate year and postgraduate years in: 1) Migraine; 2) Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs); 3) Asthma; 4) Myasthenia gravis (MG).ResultsThe questionnaire response rate was 73% (100 of 137), of which 29 delegates were within 10 years of completing their undergraduate degree and 98 were neurologists. In undergraduate training, there was much greater quantity of teaching in asthma than migraine (Z=5.007, p<0.000) despite both being high-prevalent (asthma 11%, migraine 15–20%) conditions. Similarly, for diseases of medium-to-low prevalence, there was less training in TACs (1/1000), compared to MG (1.2/10,000) (Z=6.196, p<0.000). These major differences in training were also seen in postgraduate years even though overall headache teaching was greater in postgraduate than undergraduate training (p<0.000).ConclusionsDespite the high prevalence and morbidity of headache disorders, they receive less attention in training than conditions with similar prevalence. We propose that headache training opportunities should be improved in our region, particularly in the undergraduate course and preceptorships or fellowships in postgraduate years.

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49

Deeks, Louise, Sam Kosari, Katja Boom, Gregory Peterson, Aaron Maina, Ravi Sharma, and Mark Naunton. "The Role of Pharmacists in General Practice in Asthma Management: A Pilot Study." Pharmacy 6, no. 4 (October 15, 2018): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy6040114.

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Background: Asthma is principally managed in general practice. Appropriate prescribing and medication use are essential, so general practice pharmacists appear suitable to conduct asthma management consultations. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the asthma management role of a pharmacist in general practice. Methods: Analysis of an activity diary and stakeholder interviews were conducted to identify interventions in asthma management; determine whether asthma control changed following pharmacist input; and determine acceptability of asthma management review by a pharmacist in one general practice in Canberra, Australia. Results: Over 13 months, the pharmacist saw 136 individual patients. The most common activities were asthma control assessment; recommendations to adjust medication or device; counselling on correct device use; asthma action plan development and trigger avoidance. For patients with multiple consultations, the mean Asthma Control Test score improved from the initial to last visit (14.4 ± 5.2 vs. 19.3 ± 4.7, n = 23, p < 0.0001). Eight of the 19 (42%) patients moved from having poor to well-controlled asthma. Case studies and qualitative data indicated probable hospital admission avoidance and stakeholder acceptability of asthma management by a practice pharmacist. Conclusions: This pilot study demonstrated it is feasible, acceptable and potentially beneficial to have a general practice pharmacist involved in asthma management. Fuller evaluation is warranted.

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Campbell, Donald A., Pamela A. Gluyas, Richard E. Ruffin, Geoffrey McLennan, John R. Coates, Peter A. Frith, Karen M. Latimer, A. James Martin, David M. Roder, and Peter M. Yellowlees. "Accuracy of asthma statistics from death certificates in South Australia." Medical Journal of Australia 156, no. 12 (June 1992): 860–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1992.tb137000.x.

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