Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Asthma; airway inflammation; zinc levels in sputum"
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Статті в журналах з теми "Asthma; airway inflammation; zinc levels in sputum"
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Gauvreau, Gail M., Mark D. Inman, Margaret Kelly, Richard M. Watson, Sandra C. Dorman, and Paul M. O’Byrne. "Increased Levels of Airway Neutrophils Reduces the Inhibitory Effects of Inhaled Glucocorticosteroids on Allergen-Induced Airway Eosinophils." Canadian Respiratory Journal 9, no. 1 (2002): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2002/161969.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
BACKGROUND: Treatment with inhaled glucocorticosteroids attenuates allergen-induced airway inflammation but is less effective in people with asthma who have noneosinophilic airway inflammation.OBJECTIVE: Studies in which glucocorticosteroid treatment was used before allergen challenges were re-examined to determine whether the efficacy of steroid treatment could be predicted by baseline levels of sputum inflammatory cells.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-eight nonsmoking subjects with atopic asthma controlled by beta2-agonists participated in only one of three studies, each carried out with a double-blind, placebo controlled, randomized, crossover design. Subjects were treated with glucocorticosteroids or placebo for six to eight days and then underwent allergen inhalation challenge. Spirometry was measured for 7 h after allergen challenge, and then sputum inflammatory cells were measured. Sputum inflammatory cells were also measured before and after treatment, and 24 h after allergen challenge. The per cent inhibition of the allergen-induced airway responses by glucocorticosteroids was calculated.RESULTS: Inhaled gluticocorticosteroids significantly attenuated the early and late asthmatic responses, and the number of allergen-induced sputum eosinophils (P<0.05). There was a significant negative relationship between the number of sputum neutrophils at baseline, and the per cent inhibition of allergen-induced sputum eosinophils measured at 7 h (r=-0.61, P<0.001) and 24 h (r=-0.73, P<0.0001) after challenge, suggesting that glucocorticosteroids are less effective in attenuating allergen-induced airway inflammation in subjects with high levels of neutrophils. There was no correlation between the number of sputum eosinophils at baseline and the per cent inhibition of allergen-induced responses.CONCLUSIONS: Baseline airway neutrophils, not eosinophils, can be used to predict the efficacy of inhaled steroids on allergen-induced sputum eosinophils.
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Pospelova, S. N., S. A. Sobchenko, and V. Yu Kravtsov. "POSSIBILITIES OF CYTOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL MARKERSOF INDUCED SPUTUM IN THE EVALUATION OF AIRWAY INFLAMMATION IN PATIENTSWITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF ASTHMA CONTROL." HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov 7, no. 2 (June 15, 2015): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/mechnikov20157268-73.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Were analyzed cytological and immunocytochemical data of induced sputum 43 patients with dif- ferent levels of asthma controlResults of cytological research showed lack or presence of eosinophilic airway inflammation (rela- tive number of eosinophils> 3%), but were not helpful in distinguishing uncontrolled from partially controlled asthma, these data could not be used for determination of level of asthma control. Objective indicator of the severity of airway inflammation, significantly correlated with the levels of disease con- trol, is the ratio of IL-1Ra/IL-1 in AM.
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Parameswaran, Krishnan, Christopher J. Allen, Dennis Kamada, Ann Efthimiadis, Mehran Anvari, and Frederick E. Hargreave. "Sputum Cell Counts and Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux, and Cough or Asthma." Canadian Respiratory Journal 8, no. 4 (2001): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2001/418490.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
BACKGROUND: Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is commonly associated with chronic cough and asthma, but there is little or no information on the nature of any associated airway inflammation.OBJECTIVE: To observe whether the association with GER worsens airway inflammation in patients with chronic cough or asthma.PATIENTS AND METHODS: The airway inflammatory indexes in induced sputum and exhaled air were examined in a cross-sectional study of 11 patients with cough and GER, nine patients with mildly symptomatic asthma and GER, nine patients with mildly symptomatic asthma without GER and nine normal, healthy control subjects. GER was shown objectively by 24 h ambulatory pH recording.RESULTS: The sputum total cell count, the proportion of neutrophils and macrophages, and the fibrinogen level were normal in all four groups, with no significant differences among the groups. The sputum eosinophil and metachromatic cell percentages, and eosinophil cationic protein levels were normal in patients with cough and GER. They were significantly increased in patients with asthma compared with healthy subjects (P<0.01) and patients with cough (P<0.01), but were not different between groups with and without GER. Exhaled nitric oxide levels showed similar results (P<0.01). The correlations between the number of episodes of reflux and the proportion of sputum eosinophils, neutrophils or exhaled nitric oxide were modest but not significant.CONCLUSIONS: GER, when associated with cough or mildly symptomatic asthma, does not cause or aggravate existing airway inflammation as measured by induced sputum cell counts and fibrinogen level, or by exhaled nitric oxide.
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Pizzichini, Marcia Margaret Menezes, Cristiane Cinara Rocha, Michelle Gonçalves de Souza Tavares, Leila John Marques Steidle, Rosemeri Maureci da Silva, Felipe dal Pizzol, Peter G. Gibson, and Emilio Pizzichini. "How does the GINA definition of control correlate with quality of life and sputum cellularity?" ERJ Open Research 5, no. 1 (February 2019): 00146–2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00146-2018.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Since 2014, the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) has stated that asthma control should be measured using four questions concerning diurnal and nocturnal symptoms, activity limitation, and rescue medication use. We assessed how asthma control by this definition correlates with airway inflammation and quality of life.113 asthmatic subjects consecutively recruited from their routine clinical appointment underwent spirometry, sputum induction and answered the Standardised Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ(S)) during a single visit.43 (38.1%), 37 (32.7%) and 33 (29.2%) subjects had controlled asthma, partly controlled asthma and uncontrolled asthma, respectively. The majority of subjects with controlled asthma (67.4%) had paucigranulocytic sputum. Eosinophilic sputum was present in all levels of asthma control. Although most subjects with controlled asthma (58.1%) achieved an AQLQ(S) score ≥6 (minimal or no impairment), the remaining patients (41.9%) had moderate/some impairment (AQLQ(S) score <6 and ≥3) due to activity impairment and environmental exposure.The present GINA definition of current symptom control reflects control of airway inflammation. However, quality of life impairment can be present even in these patients. Measuring quality of life may provide useful information when evaluating asthma control.
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Yang, Xu, Haining Li, Qianli Ma, Qiao Zhang, and Changzheng Wang. "Neutrophilic Asthma Is Associated with Increased Airway Bacterial Burden and Disordered Community Composition." BioMed Research International 2018 (July 9, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9230234.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Neutrophilic asthma (NA) is an important asthma inflammatory phenotype associated with disease severity, airflow limitation, and steroid resistance, and its mechanism is still uncertain. Evidences suggest a potential role for bacteria in its pathogenesis, but, so far, this remains poorly understood. We sought to investigate airway bacterial burden, community composition, and inflammatory response in NA. Fifty-four stable asthmatics without infection were enrolled and separated into either NA group (n = 20) or non-NA group (n = 34). Subject demographics, Asthma Control Test (ACT) scores, medications, and pulmonary functions were documented. Sputum cytology, airway bacterial burden, microbial community composition, and inflammatory cytokines were assessed. The total airway bacterial burden was significantly increased in subjects with NA versus non-NA and was positively correlated with the sputum neutrophil percentage. Airway neutrophilia was associated with less airway bacterial community richness and diversity, along with a distinct community composition. In patients with NA, bacteria in phylum Proteobacteria, especially Haemophilus spp. and Moraxella spp., showed significant increases in both actual loads and relative abundances, while bacteria in phyla Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Saccharibacteria showed decreased relative abundances compared with non-NA. Patients with NA demonstrated higher levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-17A, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in sputum samples compared with non-NA. Increased bacterial burden and distinct microbiota composition were the key characters of neutrophilic phenotype in asthma, accompanied by excessive airway inflammation. Understanding the relationship between airway microbiota and neutrophilic inflammation may help in treatment and management of asthma, such as targeting airway microbiota.
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Issa, Hamdia Yousif, Ali A. Ramadhan, Abdulazeez S. Safo, and Omar A. M. Al Habib. "Relationship between pulmonary function tests, sputum eosinophilia and total serum IgE levels among asthmatic patients in Duhok, Iraq." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 6 (May 26, 2020): 2033. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20202239.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Bronchial asthma is a disease characterized by reversible airway obstruction, airway inflammation; and hyper-responsiveness. The prevalence of asthma is high, and both its prevalence and burden have increased over the last several decades. The study of inflammatory markers has implications for the appropriate management of this disease. Inflammatory markers has implications for the appropriate management of this disease. Objective of the study is to determine the correlation between asthma severity using pulmonary function tests with sputum eosinophilia and total serum IgE levels.Methods: This case-control study was conducted from March 2017 to September 2018 in the respiratory unit of Azadi general teaching hospital. It included 42 asthmatic patients and 18 healthy subjects. They underwent pulmonary function tests and measurement of total serum IgE levels. Induced sputum was done for asthmatic patients.Results: The age of asthmatic patients ranged from 16-70 years (mean 42±19 years). The asthmatic patient’s female: male ratio was 1.8. Mild asthma was the most common severity group (N=18, 43%) followed by moderate asthma (N=14, 33%) then severe asthma (N=10, 24%). Abnormal sputum eosinophilia (≥3%) was detected in 90% of severe asthma (N=9) compared to 36% in moderate asthma (N=5) and 5.6% in mild asthma (N=1). There was significant statistical association between asthma severity and sputum eosinophilia (p=0.00004). The association between asthma severity and total serum IgE levels was highly significant (p<0.0000) with levels of total serum IgE increasing as the severity of asthma increases.Conclusions: Severe asthma is the least common severity group in this study. Both abnormal sputum eosinophilia and total serum IgE levels are associated with the severity of asthma.
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Papaioannou, Andriana I., Evangelia Fouka, Polyxeni Ntontsi, Grigoris Stratakos, and Spyridon Papiris. "Paucigranulocytic Asthma: Potential Pathogenetic Mechanisms, Clinical Features and Therapeutic Management." Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, no. 5 (May 23, 2022): 850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12050850.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease usually characterized by chronic airway inflammation, in which several phenotypes have been described, related to the age of onset, symptoms, inflammatory characteristics and treatment response. The identification of the inflammatory phenotype in asthma is very useful, since it allows for both the recognition of the asthmatic triggering factor as well as the optimization of treatment The paucigranulocytic phenotype of asthma (PGA) is characterized by sputum eosinophil levels <1–3% and sputum neutrophil levels < 60%. The precise characteristics and the pathobiology of PGA are not fully understood, and, in some cases, it seems to represent a previous eosinophilic phenotype with a good response to anti-inflammatory treatment. However, many patients with PGA remain uncontrolled and experience asthmatic symptoms and exacerbations, irrespective of the low grade of airway inflammation. This observation leads to the hypothesis that PGA might also be either a special phenotype driven by different kinds of cells, such as macrophages or mast cells, or a non-inflammatory phenotype with a low grade of eosinophilic inflammation. In this review, we aim to describe the special characteristics of PGA and the potential therapeutic interventions that could be offered to these patients.
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Nuijsink, M., W. C. J. Hop, P. J. Sterk, E. J. Duiverman, P. S. Hiemstra, and J. C. de Jongste. "Urinary Eosinophil Protein X in Children with Atopic Asthma." Mediators of Inflammation 2007 (2007): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/49240.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between urinary eosinophil protein X (uEPX) and asthma symptoms, lung function, and other markers of eosinophilic airway inflammation in asthmatic school children.Methods. A cross-sectional study was performed in 180 steroid dependent atopic children with stable moderately severe asthma, who were stable on 200 or 500μg of fluticasone per day. uEPX was measured in a single sample of urine and was normalized for creatinine concentration (uEPX/c). Symptom scores were kept on a diary card.FEV1andPD20methacholine were measured. Sputum induction was performed in 49 andFENOlevels measured in 24 children.Results. We found an inverse correlation between uEPX/c andFEV1(r=−.20,P=.01) and a borderline significant correlation between uEPX/c andPD20methacholine (r=−.15,P=.06). Symptom score,%eosinophils and ECP in induced sputum andFENOlevels did not correlate with uEPX/c.Conclusion. uEPX/c levels did not correlate with established markers of asthma severity and eosinophilic airway inflammation in atopic asthmatic children.
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Moraes-Ferreira, Renilson, Maysa Alves Rodrigues Brandao-Rangel, Thiago Gonçalves Gibson-Alves, Anamei Silva-Reis, Victor Hugo Souza-Palmeira, Helida Cristina Aquino-Santos, Claudio Ricardo Frison, Luis Vicente Franco Oliveira, Regiane Albertini, and Rodolfo P. Vieira. "Physical Training Reduces Chronic Airway Inflammation and Mediators of Remodeling in Asthma." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2022 (October 20, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5037553.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Several benefits of aerobic training for asthmatic patients have been demonstrated. However, its effects on systemic inflammation and on airway remodeling mediators and lung mechanics are unknown. This prospective study included 21 intermittent and mild asthma patients, and as primary outcomes, the evaluation of pro- and anti-inflammatory and pro- and antifibrotic mediators in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and blood were performed, beyond the cell counting in blood and in induced sputum. Aerobic training was performed for 3 months, 3 times per week. Aerobic training increased the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines and of antifibrotic mediators in the breath condensate: IL-1ra ( p = 0.0488 ), IL-10 ( p = 0.0048 ), relaxin-3 ( p = 0.0019 ), and klotho ( p < 0.0043 ), respectively. Similarly, in plasma, increased levels of IL-1ra ( p = 0.0147 ), IL-10 ( p < 0.0001 ), relaxin-3 ( p = 0.004 ), and klotho ( p = 0.0023 ) were found. On contrary, reduced levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the breath condensate, IL-1β ( p = 0.0008 ), IL-4 ( p = 0.0481 ), IL-5 ( p < 0.0001 ), IL-6 ( p = 0.0032 ), IL-13 ( p = 0.0013 ), and TNF-α ( p = 0.0001 ) and profibrotic markers VEGF ( p = 0.0017 ) and TSLP ( p = 0.0056 ) were found. Similarly, in plasma, aerobic training significantly reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β ( p = 0.0008 ), IL-4 ( p = 0.0104 ), IL-5 ( p = 0.0001 ), IL-6 ( p = 0.006 ), IL-13 ( p = 0.0341 ), and TNF-α ( p = 0.0003 ) and of profibrotic markers VEGF ( p = 0.0009 ) and TSLP ( p < 0.0076 ). Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) was reduced after the intervention ( p = 0.0313 ). Regarding inflammatory cells in sputum, there was a reduction in total cells ( p = 0.008 ), eosinophils ( p = 0.009 ), and macrophages ( p = 0.020 ), as well as of blood eosinophils ( p = 0.0203 ) and lymphocytes ( p = 0.0198 ). Aerobic training positively modulates chronic airway inflammation and remodeling mediators, beyond to improve systemic inflammation in intermittent and mild asthmatic patients.
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Paplińska-Goryca, Magdalena, Paulina Misiukiewicz-Stępień, Katarzyna Górska, and Rafał Krenke. "Cilia proteins CFAP36 and sentan in induced sputum as possible new markers of epithelial damage in obstructive lung diseases: A preliminary study." Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej 74 (October 15, 2020): 437–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.4522.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are the most common chronic respiratory diseases characterized by inflammation in the lower airways and epithelium remodeling. Dysfunction of cilium is related to severe asthma and COPD, the role of cilium proteins in obstructive lung diseases is not known. The aim of the study was to evaluate the concentration of cilia associated proteins: sentan and CFAP36 in induced sputum (IS) of asthma and COPD patients. Materials/Methods: The study involved 15 patients with asthma, 12 patients with COPD and 17 control subjects (9 non-smoking, 8 smoking) who underwent lung function tests and sputum induction. Sentan, CFAP36, IL-6, IL-8, concentrations were measured in induced sputum supernatants by ELISA. Results: The level of CFAP36 in induced sputum was elevated in asthma patients and subjects with atopy. Cilium protein levels in sputum were not related to spirometric tests results. Both CFAP36 and sentan concentrations were positively correlated with age. The level of sentan was associated with airway neutrophilic inflammation and active smoking status. CFAP36 concentration was negatively related to cell viability, whereas sentan level was positively related, but only in COPD patients. Conclusions: The results of our study revealed CFAP36 and sentan as possible new markers of epithelial damage of different origin in obstructive lung diseases.
Дисертації з теми "Asthma; airway inflammation; zinc levels in sputum"
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Jayaram, Lata. "Airway inflammation, diagnosis, perception of asthma, and sputum zinc levels in a community cohort." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/63531.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Induced sputum examination (IS), an established research tool to measure airway inflammation (AI), is normally confined to specialised institutions and selected populations with airway disease, especially asthma. This thesis examines the role of IS in the diagnosis of asthma in a community.
The first study explores the accepted definitions of asthma, the utility of IS, and another marker of AI, exhaled nitric oxide (eNO), in establishing the diagnosis of asthma. The findings confirm that symptoms, variable airflow obstruction and airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) are inter-linked in the definition of asthma. Bronchodilator reversibility (BDR), used traditionally, remains the most specific test to aid a diagnosis of asthma in the community. The results favour a tailored approach in the diagnosis of asthma using BDR initially, then selecting a test, either eNO or IS depending on the clinical scenario. The usefulness of AHR with hypertonic saline to diagnose asthma is equivocal given the moderate sensitivity and poor specificity of the test documented within. If a global assessment of AI is required, an eNO measurement is recommended initially, given its ease of use. Sputum examination is useful in delineating the subtype of AI present.
Dyspnoea is a cardinal symptom in asthma. Studies have shown a correlation between AI measured by IS and an altered perception of dyspnoea (POD) in selected subjects with asthma. The aim of the second and third studies was to determine if a similar relationship exists in subjects with and without AHR from a community sample. In both groups, increasing POD was related to worsening lung function and increased BMI. Increased POD was also associated with poorer psychosocial and economic outcomes in subjects with AHR. In the context of previous research, these results illustrate that heightened POD itself, rather than asthma, is associated with these outcomes. Sputum eosinophilia was not associated with an altered POD in subjects with and without asthma.
There has been mounting research establishing the role of zinc as an immunomodulator in asthma. Mouse models have demonstrated that zinc deficiency is associated with airway eosinophilia. Two pools of zinc exist in the body: largely fixed, enzyme-bound zinc, and free or labile zinc, the biologically active component. With zinc deficiency, it is the latter pool that is preferentially depleted. Our laboratory has developed a novel method, Zinquin fluorometry, allowing measurement of labile zinc in body fluids. The final two studies demonstrate that IS lends itself to labile zinc measurements. Zinquin fluorometry was optimised to measure free pools of zinc in sputum. It was then used to quantify labile sputum zinc concentrations in subjects with and without asthma. Lower zinc concentrations were found in the sputum of subjects with asthma and a significant association noted between lower zinc concentrations and worsening asthma severity.
From a community perspective, these findings suggest that while IS has a limited role in diagnosing asthma, it lends itself to measurement of airway zinc. This work has been conducted in a cross-sectional community cohort where relationships were explored. Ongoing research is required to establish causal links conclusively.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Medicine, 2010