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1
Willis, E. M., and L. D. Xiao. "Liminality, the Australian State and Asian Nurse Immigrants." Health, Culture and Society 6, no. 1 (May 19, 2014): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/hcs.2014.118.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Over the last two decades the flow of Asians to Australia through legitimate immigration programs has accelerated. This is particularly the case for Asian nurses coming from countries that were once subjected to European colonisation. The difficulties encountered by nurses from Asian countries mirror those of earlier waves of migrants. These include navigating the language and differences in cultural mores, values, and beliefs, along with the loneliness that may come from leaving strong family ties at home. While racism has been evident for all earlier waves of migrants, Asians face an additional hurdle linked to the uneasy relationship Australians and the Australian state has with Asia. Australia is geographically in Asia, but culturally Anglo and European. The impact this might have on the working relationships of Asian and Australian born registered nurses is significant given the nature of their work in caring for the sick and elderly. This liminal relationship between the Australian state and Asians provides a theoretical insight into the particular difficulties experienced by Asian nurses and the integration programs that might assist them and their Australian colleagues to develop cohesive working relationships.
2
Fozdar, Farida. "Asian invisibility/Asian threat: Australians talking about Asia." Journal of Sociology 52, no. 4 (July 10, 2016): 789–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1440783315593182.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Members of a marginal Australian political party recently sparked controversy by claiming China wants to ‘take over’ Australia. While apparently the opinion of a minority fringe, little is known about how Australians actually feel about Asia. This article explores the ways in which Asia is constructed in the Australian imagination, arguing it is both ‘invisible’, yet also a source of deep anxiety. Data from 26 focus groups conducted across Australia offer evidence of this invisibility, with Australians preferring to discuss domestic issues over international ones. But Asia is simultaneously a source of anxiety, in that when Australians do talk about Asia, it is in relation to a perceived threat from Asia’s economic power, its large population, its polluting practices, its military might, and its pursuit of mineral and agricultural resources. Such concerns mask fears of a cultural threat. Discursive analysis reveals how the threat from Asia is articulated, and implications for national and post-national identities.
3
Chan, Henry. "The Identity of the Chinese in Australian History." Queensland Review 6, no. 2 (November 1999): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1321816600001100.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Theorising about identity has become fashionable. During 1999 alone several conferences and seminars were dedicated to identities in Australia: “Alter/Asians: Exploring Asian/Australian Identities, Cultures and Politics in an Age of Crisis” held in Sydney in February, the one-day conference “Cultural Passports” on the concept and representations of “home” held at the University of Sydney in June, and “Asian-Australian Identities: The Asian Diaspora in Australia” at the Australian National University in September. To me as a Chinese who had his childhood and education in New Zealand this concern with identity is not exceptional: I remain a keen reader of New Zealand fiction and poetry in which Pakeha New Zealanders have agonised and problematised their search for identity as an island people living among an aggressive indigenous population and in an insecure dependent economy. New Zealand identity has always been problematised as has Chinese identity: what does it mean to be Chinese? Now Asian identity has become the current issue: “We're not Asians” was the title of the paper by Lily Kong on identity among Singaporean students in Australia. White Australians appear much more content and complacent with their identity and do not indulge as much in navel gazing. And yet it may be that it is the “Australian identity” that needs to be challenged and contested so that it becomes less an exclusively WASP-ish male mateship and more inclusive of women, Aborigines and Asians.
4
Kwok, Jen Tsen, and Juliet Pietsch. "The Political Representation of Asian-Australian Populations since the End of White Australia." AAPI Nexus: Policy, Practice and Community 15, no. 1-2 (September 2017): 109–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17953/1545-0317.15.1.109.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The racial and ethnic landscape in Australia has changed markedly since the beginning of the postwar migration period in which migrants arrived from Europe, and later from Asia in the late 1970s. While Australians with European ancestry have gradually made it into state and federal parliament, there has been less visibility for Australians of Asian descent. This article provides an overview of demographic migration trends and levels of Asian-Australian political representation in state and federal politics, drawing on data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics and parliamentary websites. In doing so, we reflect on why political representation of Asian-Australian populations appears to be lagging so far behind.
5
Yue, Audrey. "Asian‐Australian cinema, Asian‐Australian modernity." Journal of Australian Studies 24, no. 65 (January 2000): 189–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14443050009387603.
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6
Jennings, Piangchai S., David Forbes, Brett Mcdermott, Gary Hulse, and Sato Juniper. "Eating Disorder Attitudes and Psychopathology in Caucasian Australian, Asian Australian and Thai University Students." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 40, no. 2 (February 2006): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2006.01761.x.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective: To examine eating disorder attitudes and psychopathology among female university students in Australia and Thailand. Method: Participants were 110 Caucasian Australians, 130 Asian Australians and 101 Thais in Thailand. The instruments included the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT) and the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI). Results: Eating disorder attitudes and psychopathology scores in the Thai group were found to be highest. The Asian Australian group did not have significantly higher scores on the EAT-26 than the Caucasian Australian group, but had higher scores in some subscales of the EDI-2. That the Thai group had the highest scores in susceptibility to developing an eating disorder and eating disorder psychopathology may be partially explained in sociocultural terms, with pressure to be thin more extreme in Thailand than in Australia. The evidence suggested that unhealthy eating disorder psychopathology is not limited to Western societies but is already present in Thai and other Asian societies.
7
Thai, Michael, Nicholas A. Szeszeran, Matthew J. Hornsey, and Fiona Kate Barlow. "Forever Foreign? Asian Australians Assimilating to Australian Culture Are Still Perceived as Less Australian Than White Australians." Social Psychological and Personality Science 11, no. 6 (February 12, 2020): 812–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1948550619879907.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Westerners of Asian descent emphasize their engagement with national culture to assert their national identity. The present research investigates whether this strategy effectively enhances observers’ perceptions of Asian Westerners’ national identity. In Study 1 ( N = 160), Australian participants evaluated an Asian or White target, manipulated to be either hyper-Australian or not. In Study 2 ( N = 440), targets were additionally manipulated to be either Australian-born or not. Across both studies, Asian targets depicted as hyper-Australian, Australian-born, or both, were considered more Australian than generic Asian targets. However, Asian targets were consistently rated as less Australian than White counterparts who were depicted equivalently apart from race. Thus, the strategy of heavy engagement with the national culture increases perceptions of Asian Westerners’ national identity, but not to the point that they are considered equivalently to White Westerners.
8
Choo, Christine. "The Impact of Asian - Aboriginal Australian Contacts in Northern Australia." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 3, no. 2-3 (June 1994): 295–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689400300218.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The long history of Asian contact with Australian Aborigines began with the early links with seafarers, Makassan trepang gatherers and even Chinese contact, which occurred in northern Australia. Later contact through the pearling industry in the Northern Territory and Kimberley, Western Australia, involved Filipinos (Manilamen), Malays, Indonesians, Chinese and Japanese. Europeans on the coastal areas of northern Australia depended on the work of indentured Asians and local Aborigines for the development and success of these industries. The birth of the Australian Federation also marked the beginning of the “White Australia Policy” designed to keep non-Europeans from settling in Australia. The presence of Asians in the north had a significant impact on state legislation controlling Aborigines in Western Australia in the first half of the 20th century, with implications to the present. Oral and archival evidence bears testimony to the brutality with which this legislation was pursued and its impact on the lives of Aboriginal people.
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Ch’ng, Huck Ying, Kashifa Aslam, Huong Nguyen, and Bradley Smith. "Asian Australian media representation of First Nations sovereignty and constitutional change." Australian Journalism Review 44, no. 2 (November 1, 2022): 191–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ajr_00103_1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study explores levels of interest in and framing of Australian First Nations constitutional reform in minority ethnic media. A keyword search of mainstream English media in Australia and of media targeted at Chinese, Pakistani, Vietnamese and Indonesian Australian communities shows a relatively low level of interest in the publication of and government response to the Uluru Statement in the latter outlets compared to the English media. Framing analysis over an extended timeframe finds some interest in and broad support for Australian First Nations’ calls for constitutional reform in the Asian Australian media, as well as variation and suggestive correlations between framing and audience such as linking First Nations history to experiences of racism and exclusion of Chinese Australians. The study has implications both for any referendum for a First Nations Voice to Parliament and for scholarship on the role of minority ethnic media in the contemporary Australian public sphere.
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Scott-Maxwell, Aline. "K-pop flows and Indonesian student pop scenes: situating live Asian pop music in an ‘Asian’ Australia." Media International Australia 175, no. 1 (February 29, 2020): 20–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x20906550.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Transnational responses to globalisation in the Asia-Pacific region have included the flow of Asian pop genres throughout Asia and beyond, which pose a modest challenge to the normative dominance of Anglophone pop globally. Over the last decade, Australia has entered this flow and become part of the market for Asian pop. Iwabuchi argues that ‘burgeoning popular culture flows have given new substance to the ambiguous imaginary space of “Asia”’. Recent growth in the Australian consumption and production of Asian popular music and media coupled with rapidly expanding, diverse and fluid Asian-Australian diaspora populations and communities of transient migrants from Asia, specifically international students, who together form Asian pop’s primary consumers in Australia, highlight the ambiguity of both ‘the imaginary space of “Asia”’ and the imaginary space of ‘Australia’. The article considers Australian engagement with Asian pop from two perspectives: K-pop dominated media production and commercial scale concerts of East Asian pop and the social and experiential dimension of how international students engage with live Asian pop. Ethnographic case studies of two Asian pop events draw attention to the self-contained, socially and culturally demarcated communities of international students in Australia. They illustrate how such concert events express shared identities; a collective sense of community, belonging and agency; and, further, a connectedness to ‘Asia’ and a disconnectedness to the Australian societies that enable their communities and pop music activities.
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GOLDSMITH, BENJAMIN E., and MATTHEW LINLEY. "Engaged or Not? Perceptions of Australian Influence among Asian Publics." Japanese Journal of Political Science 13, no. 4 (November 1, 2012): 525–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1468109912000254.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractDespite Australia's increasing economic ties with Asia, little is known about how it is perceived by the typical citizen in the region. This paper seeks to contribute to the Australian discussion on ‘Asian engagement’, as well as to a general understanding of the structure of foreign policy beliefs, by examining perceptions of Australia's influence among the mass publics of 14 Asian polities. Despite some anxiety in Australia on national op-ed pages and among political leaders over how the country is perceived, we find that the average person in Asia probably does not have a strong or meaningful opinion about Australia's foreign policy. Using survey data covering the years 2006 through 2008 from the AsiaBarometer project, we find that, on average, far more people view Australia's influence on their country favorably (40.5%) than view it unfavorably (6.1%). A similar percentage (41.5%), however, have neutral views of Australia's influence, and 12% of people in Asian nations express no opinion on the topic. We suggest these high frequencies of neutral perceptions and non-response are evidence of considerable indifference towards Australia. Furthermore, we investigate the correlates of perceptions of Australia's influence and find that in almost all cases citizens’ views about US and Chinese influence on their country are much better predictors of their views of Australia's influence than core values, identity, information, and demographic characteristics. We posit that opinions about Australia, even those that are favorable, may have less to do with perceptions of Australia specifically, and more to do with respondents’ general internationalist sentiment or perceptions of major powers.
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Gomes, Catherine. "Living in a Parallel Society." Journal of International Students 10, no. 1 (February 15, 2020): xiii—xv. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jis.v10i1.1850.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Whenever I write an opinion piece in any online media outlet about international students in Australia, I brace myself for the responses that appear in the comments section below the article. Often, a repeated complaint is that international students refuse to engage with local culture and society and hence keep to themselves by hanging out with co-nationals and speaking their native languages. While the general public in Australia does not engage in open conflict with international students over such grievances, they will instead discuss these anonymously online and with each other. Often these grievances have public airing through the media (e.g., Australian Broadcasting Corporation’s Four Corners episodes “Degrees of Deception,” 2015, and “Cash Cows,” 2019) or for political point scoring by Australian politicians (e.g., Senator Pauline Hanson of the right-wing, nationalist and anti-immigration party One Nation; Kainth, 2018).
However, the reception international students receive in terms of the attitudes of the citizenry unsurprisingly does not assist in any way in helping them feel a sense of belonging to their host country Australia. In 2013 I interviewed 47 Asian international students in the Australian city of Melbourne on their self-perceived identities, social networks, and engagements with media and communication technologies, in order to understand how they create a sense of belonging for themselves while overseas (Gomes,2015, 2017). The results revealed that international students create a parallel society with other international students in order to cope with living in a foreign country without the familiarity of family or loved ones who they left behind. While this parallel society allows international students to create a sense of community in Australia, its side effect is a perceived distancing from local society.
An International Student Parallel Society
International students strongly identify themselves more so as international students than their nationality. A student from India, for instance, explained that while in Australia, he prefers to be identified as an international student rather than by his nationality. Taking this point further, a student from Vietnam explained that while he is proud of his nationality, he prefers not to reveal that he is from Vietnam for fear of any negative assumptions the citizenry make about Vietnamese people. These negative assumptions he felt, would then be translated into ways the citizenry might treat him.
At the same time, the Asian international students also revealed that they did not consider ethnicity as significant to them. This was played out interestingly in how they viewed Asian Australians. Here the students felt that they had very little in common with Asians who were born or grew up in Australia. An international student from China explained that Australians of ethnic Chinese descent or ABCs (Australian-born Chinese) as she called them, were more Australian than they were Chinese. Meanwhile an Indian student undertaking postgraduate study vividly explained that he thought Indian-Australians were “not true Indians.” He said that while they may look like him, they were significantly different because he considered Indian-Australians culturally Australian and not culturally Indian. These responses are not surprising. In a separate study where colleagues and I surveyed 6,699 international students in Australia on who made up their friendship circles, we found that less than 1% of international students were friends with Australians who were of the same ethnicity as them (Gomes et al., 2015).
International students identifying themselves according to their status as foreigners studying in Australia also provides itself to be a beacon for the development of friendships with other international students. The Asian international students interviewed revealed that their friendship circles were made up of fellow international students who were co-nationals in the first instance, which was followed by international students from the Asian region, and then, to a lesser extent, international students from elsewhere. These friendship circles contribute to the parallel society international students inhabit where they exist, occupy, and mimic Australian communities but do not integrate with them. For instance, international students may adopt and recreate Australian cultural practices that involve their friendship circles (e.g., having backyard barbeque parties) but do not integrate with Australian societies (e.g., the backyard barbeque parties are made up solely of fellow international students).
In addition, forming friendships with fellow international students rather than with local communities has practical benefits. For instance, international students revealed that their local peers were unable to advise them on the everyday challenges they faced especially when they first arrive to Australia such as how to open bank accounts and where to find dependable Asian grocery shops. Clearly being friends with international students is important, if not necessary.
Conclusion
The significance of international student friendships during their study experience is enduring, if not complex. While international students may form a parallel society, they do so in order to feel a sense of belonging in Australia rather than to Australia. Though this is unsurprising, the challenge that emerges affects those international students wanting to stay longer through further study, work, or permanently reside. Not integrating somewhat into Australian society may have consequences for students in terms of their long-term plans (e.g., employment) primarily because they have not tapped into local networks.
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Sussman, Sally, and Tony Day. "Orientalia, Orientalism, and The Peking Opera Artist as ‘Subject’ in Contemporary Australian Performance." Theatre Research International 22, no. 2 (1997): 130–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030788330002054x.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As brochures for the January 1996 Sydney Festival blare out ‘Feel the Beat. Feel the Heat!’ to draw the crowds of summering Sydney folk to performances of the National Dance Company of Guinea (already appropriated and stamped with approval by reviewers in San Francisco and London, who are quoted on the same flyer), the chairman and former artistic director of Playbox Theatre in Melbourne, Carrillo Gartner, worries about the strength of popular Australian opposition to Australia's expanding links with Asia. In an article on the holding of the 14th annual Federation for Asian Cultural Promotion in Melbourne, Gartner fears that ‘there are people in this community […] thinking that […] it is the demise of all they believe in their British heritage’. The focus of the article, though, is not the promotion of Asian culture but how to overcome Asian indifference to Australia and the problem of bringing Australian artists to the notice of Asian impresarios and audiences. Australian cultural cringe wins out over Australian Asia-literate political correctness. In another corner of the continent the director and playwright Peter Copeman has been attempting to replace ‘the Euro-American hand-me-downs and imitations’ of mainstream Australian theatre with a theatre project which explores ‘attitudes of the dominant Anglo-Celtic and the Vietnamese minority cultures towards each other, using the intercultural dialectic as the basis of dramatic conflict’.
14
Richardson, Barry J. "Evolutionary biogeography of Australian jumping spider genera (Araneae : Salticidae)." Australian Journal of Zoology 67, no. 3 (2019): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo20023.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Phylogenetic relationships and estimated dates of origin, plus distributional, ecological and morphological data for salticid genera were used to examine a series of hypotheses related to the evolution of the Australian salticid fauna. Though independent, the time patterns of evolution of genera in Australia and South America were similar, while that for Northern Hemisphere taxa differed. In each case the production of new genera occurred during the warmer parts of the mid Tertiary but not during cooler and drier times. Asian elements entered Australia as early as 31 million years ago, long before the collision of the Australasian and Asian continental plates. Endemic and derivatives of Asian genera were similarly distributed across Australian biomes. However, arriving taxa were more successful when conditions matched their mesic origins (tropical), but less so when different (temperate). While endemic genera often extended their ranges into drier environments by increasing the number of species, recent arrivals did so by extending the range of individual species. Maximum Parsimony analyses of a range of presumed adaptive, morphological and ecological characters showed these did not reflect genus-level processes; however, the analysis did show all endemic genera had mesic origins.
15
Clark, Juliet. "Perceptions of Australian Cultural Identity among Asian Australians." Australian Journal of Social Issues 42, no. 3 (March 2007): 303–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1839-4655.2007.tb00060.x.
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Stevens, Catriona. "A spatial and organisational analysis of Asian panethnic association in Perth, Western Australia." International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 38, no. 1/2 (March 12, 2018): 41–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-01-2017-0002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose“Asian” is an aggregating descriptive term commonly used in Australian media, politics and everyday speech to describe people of diverse backgrounds. The purpose of this paper is to question the extent to which “Asian” Australian residents living in Perth, Western Australia demonstrate spatial or organisational panethnic association.Design/methodology/approachThe paper analyses quantitative population data from the 2011 Census using GIS to visualise the spatial residential distribution of individuals born in Asian countries and individuals with Chinese ancestry within the Perth metropolitan area. The paper further uses qualitative data drawn from fieldwork conducted in Perth to consider evidence of organisational panethnic association.FindingsFor first generation migrants there is currently little spatial or organisation evidence of “Asian” panethnic association in Perth. Migrants from different ethno-national backgrounds exhibit very different residential patterns. Incipient ethnoburbs are developing that appear to be based on ethnicity rather than panethnicity. Migrant organisation in Perth is likewise arranged primarily on the basis of ethnicity although some panethnic work is observed.Research limitations/implicationsFindings indicate trends towards ethnic residential segregation. Further longitudinal research could expand upon these findings. Qualitative research could determine causes of segregation and implications of (pan)ethnic identities, and explore how individuals from Asian countries respond to the dominant linguistic aggregation of “Asians”.Originality/valueThis paper offers an original analysis of a common frame of reference that has received little critical attention in the Australian context. It applies the framework of Asian panethnicity developed in the USA and finds it wanting, highlighting an inconsistency between the racialised language used in Australia to describe migrants from Asia and the ways these migrants associate.
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Ang, Ien. "The Curse of the Smile: Ambivalence and the ‘Asian’ Woman in Australian Multiculturalism." Feminist Review 52, no. 1 (March 1996): 36–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/fr.1996.5.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article critiques Australia's official discourse of multiculturalism, with its rhetoric of ‘celebrating cultural diversity’ and tolerance, by looking at the way in which this discourse suppresses the ambivalent positioning of ‘Asians’ in Australian social space. The discourse of multiculturalism and the official, economically motivated desire for Australia to become ‘part of Asia’ has resulted in a relatively positive valuation of ‘Asia’ and ‘Asians’, an inversion from the racist exclusionism of the past. Against the self-congratulatory stance of this discourse, this article signals the operation of ambivalence at two levels: at the structural level, insofar as it points to the inherent contradictions in the idea of the ‘multicultural nation’ and its fantasy of a harmonious ‘unity-in-diversity’, and at the subjective level, in the sense that the ethos of multiculturalism doesn't erase the ambivalent relations of acceptance/rejection between majority and minority subjects. Several instances of such ambivalence pertaining to the positioning and representation of the ‘Asian’ woman are given.
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Mclean, A. S., and E. J. Egan. "Australian Intensive Care Educational Links with Asian Countries." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 23, no. 6 (December 1995): 718–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x9502300612.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A survey examining the level of Australian Intensive Care Unit involvement in the education of Asian critical care doctors and nurses was performed. Of the 49 hospitals surveyed, 34% have ongoing links. An analysis of countries involved, proportion of medical and nursing numbers, and whether the teaching was performed in Australia or the Asian country was undertaken. The survey revealed that a high proportion of Australian Intensive Care Units are actively involved, or would consider future participation, in educational links with Asian units.
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Adrian, C., and R. Stimson. "Asian Investment in Australian Capital City Property Markets." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 18, no. 3 (March 1986): 323–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a180323.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the mid-1970s Asian investment in Australia accounted for less than 15% of the total foreign investment inflow. By 1984 the inflow from Asia had increased dramatically to 40% or $A4155 million per annum. Over the past ten years an increasing proportion of the Asian investment inflow has been directed to the capital city property markets—particularly Sydney, Melbourne, Perth, Brisbane, and the Gold Coast. In this paper the reasons for these changes, and in particular the deregulation of the Australian finance sector and the underdeveloped conservative nature of Australian property markets, are analysed. It is argued that the changing nature of the capital city property markets is part of the process of integration into a world property market dominated by finance, corporate, and service linkages, and between the larger global cities, of which Sydney is one. Comparisons are made between the investment philosophies and behaviours of the Asian property investors active in Australia and those of their Australian and European counterparts. The paper focuses on the risk philosophies of the Asian investors and the degree to which they are providing a vital injection of funds for previously underdeveloped market opportunities. A critique is made of the existing Foreign Investment Review Board guidelines as they apply to equity investment by foreigners in Australian urban real estate. It is concluded that the guidelines have become an anachronism, and rather than protect the interest of Australia they have contributed to the growth in overseas indebtedness and are detrimental to sustained economic growth.
20
Gerber, Rod, and Tammy Kwan. "Adolescent Students' Conceptions of Different Environments Through Photographs." Australian Journal of Environmental Education 17 (2001): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s081406260000238x.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractPhotographs of familiar and unfamiliar environments are used extensively in studies about areas around the world. The study reported here describes a pilot investigation of how 27 Australian secondary school adolescent students understood and interpreted a familiar environment (represented by Australia) and unfamiliar environments (represented by Singapore and Hong Kong) through 18 coloured photographs. Few of these adolescent students had visited Singapore or Hong Kong, but most of them have travelled in their home country, Australia. They have viewed more of the Australian environment than the Asian environments through media such as television.The results from this pilot study revealed considerable variation in their understanding of Australian as opposed to Asian environments. The familiar Australian environments were described in physical and human terms whereas the less familiar Asian environments were described in human and cultural terms. Qualitatively different conceptions were also derived from the adolescent students' interpretation of land use and environment from these photographs.
21
Khoo, Olivia. "Regionalizing Asian Australian identities." Continuum 25, no. 4 (July 29, 2011): 461–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10304312.2011.576753.
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Jensen, Lars. "Locating Asian Australian Studies." Journal of Australian Studies 32, no. 4 (December 2008): 543–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14443050802471491.
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&NA;, &NA;. "Asian Mothers, Australian Birth." MCN, The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing 20, no. 3 (May 1995): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005721-199505000-00002.
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Lung (龍歐陽可惠), Grace. "Internalized Oppression in Chinese Australian Christians and Its Mission Impact." Mission Studies 39, no. 3 (December 5, 2022): 418–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15733831-12341866.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract This paper argues that Chinese Australian Christians have unaddressed wounds of internalized racism and a colonized and colonizing mentality that adversely impacts their evangelistic witness and mission work by elevating Anglo-centric Christianity and subordinating their own ethno-racial status. Drawing on theoretical analyses, the sources of internalized racism and colonial mentality in Chinese Australians are first outlined within their ancestral countries of Hong Kong and Malaysia, and then their host country of Australia. Second, the essay explains how Anglo-centric Christianity impacts Chinese Australian Christians in the academy and then in missions, perpetuating prejudice towards one’s own ethnic group, complicity in racialized systems, as well as elevating Anglo-centric Christian thought as biblically normative. Third, the paper shows how the rise of Asian Christianity could further privilege Anglo-centric theologies at the expense of indigenous and/or Asian theologies. Consequently, internalized racism and a colonial mentality negatively affect the mission endeavours of Chinese Australians, particularly to new Chinese migrants and other people of colour. Finally, proposed ways to combat internalized oppression will be offered so that Chinese Australian Christians and other diasporic Christians living in the West do not perpetuate systems of racial injustice in the name of Christ locally or overseas through mission.
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Thangavelu, Shandre M., Dionisius Narjoko, and Shujiro Urata. "Impact of FTA on Trade in ASEAN and Australia Using Customs Level Data." Journal of Economic Integration 36, no. 3 (September 15, 2021): 437–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.11130/jei.2021.36.3.437.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study examines the impact of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)-Australia-New Zealand Free Trade Agreement (AANZFTA) on Australian trade with a particular focus on imports from ASEAN member countries to Australia. We examine the AANZFTA’s utilization by ten ASEAN countries at the six-digit trade classification level from 2012 to 2016 using Australian customs data. We implement Ando and Urata’s (2018) and Hayakawa et al.’s (2014) framework of free trade agreement (FTA) utilization based on preferential tariff margins. We also account for overlapping FTAs that are likely to impact the AANZFTA’s utilization. The results indicate that preferential tariff margins positively impact FTA utilization. However, the results also indicate that the AANZFTA’s utilization rate across ASEAN countries is low relative to Australia’s bilateral FTAs with Malaysia, Thailand, and Singapore. We also find evidence that co-sharing rules of origin positively impact FTA utilization.
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Ip, David, Christine Inglis, and Chung Tong Wu. "Concepts of Citizenship and Identity among Recent Asian Immigrants in Australia." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 6, no. 3-4 (September 1997): 363–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689700600306.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Theories of citizenship and, in particular, its exclusionary features in a period of globalization have particular significance for an avowedly immigrant society such as Australia with a policy commitment to multiculturalism. The nature of Australian national identity and citizenship reemerged on the political agenda in conjunction with the 1988 Bicentennial celebrations of European settlement. Debate continues as moves towards becoming a republic with an Australian head of state replacing the British monarch strengthen. As elsewhere, government is focusing attention on the need for citizenship and civics education. An important constituency in this process are the immigrants, especially those from Asia whose ancestors were the target of nationalistic exclusion critical to the formation of the Commonwealth of Australia. This article examines the views on citizenship and identity of a national sample of recent Asian immigrants to Australia. We argue that for considerable numbers an instrumental conception of citizenship underlies their approach to acquiring Australian citizenship. This ‘instrumental citizenship’ is located within their migratory experience and the political traditions of their homelands as well as within their Australian settlement experiences. For many, legal citizenship has not led to a sense of full incorporation into Australian society as indicted by their continuing perception of themselves as ‘migrants’. Reasons for this are complex and involve an interplay of personal factors as well as attitudes and experiences in Australian society whose significance varies from group to group. Such a disjuncture between legal citizenship and personal identity has implications for both governmental policies and theorization about the nature of citizenship.
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Woods, Denise. "Good Guys, Bad Guys: Images of the Australian Soldier in East Timor." Media International Australia 98, no. 1 (February 2001): 143–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0109800115.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
It is said that pictures tell a thousand words, but to Malaysian Prime Minister Dr Mahathir, the images of Australian soldiers pointing guns at suspected militiamen in East Timor made one word stand out: ‘belligerent’. Images that meant one thing in Australia represented quite different and often opposite meanings in Southeast Asia. In the Australian press, the Australian soldiers were constructed as ‘the good guys’ helping out a neighbouring country in trouble. The press in some Southeast Asian countries told quite a different story — that of the Australian soldiers as intimidating and therefore the ‘bad guys’ of the region. Through a textual analysis of these images, this paper examines the ways in which the Australian soldiers have been represented in the press in Southeast Asia. This paper also discusses the role the reading of these images played in negotiating Australia's role in East Timor and the region.
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Hastie, Melindee, Hollis Ashman, Damir Torrico, Minh Ha, and Robyn Warner. "A Mixed Method Approach for the Investigation of Consumer Responses to Sheepmeat and Beef." Foods 9, no. 2 (January 24, 2020): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9020126.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Coupling qualitative and quantitative consumer research methodologies enables the development of more holistic and comprehensive perspectives of consumer responses. In this study, consumer responses to beef and sheepmeat were investigated using a mixed method approach combining perceptual mapping (qualitative), and sensory (quantitative) methodologies. Qualitative insights indicated Australian and Asian consumers differ in perception of familiarity and ‘premiumness’ of meat products. Specific findings included: Australians consume grilled or roasted meat as a centre of the plate ‘hero’ ingredient, while Asians prefer stovetop cooking methods where meat is one ingredient in a complex dish. Labelling meat as ‘Australian’ was important for Australian consumers but not for Asian consumers. Quantitative data demonstrated that older consumers (31–70 years) scored sheepmeat higher than younger consumers (18–30 years) for healthiness (p = 0.004), juiciness (p = 0.029), odour liking (p = 0.005) and tenderness (p = 0.042). Older consumers also had a lower willingness to pay than younger consumers for “premium” quality meat; 30–40 vs. 40–50 AUD (Australian dollar) per kg respectively for sheepmeat, and 40–50 vs. 50–60 AUD per kg respectively for beef. In conclusion, the approach used effectively integrated consumer attitudes, usage information and sensory assessments with socio-demographic factors to generate insights for the refinement of market strategies and product offerings.
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Hokari, Minoru. "Globalising Aboriginal Reconciliation: Indigenous Australians and Asian (Japanese) Migrants." Cultural Studies Review 9, no. 2 (September 13, 2013): 84–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/csr.v9i2.3565.
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Over the last few years, I have attended several political meetings concerned with the refugee crisis, multiculturalism or Indigenous rights in Australia, meetings at which liberal democratic–minded ‘left-wing’ people came together to discuss, or agitate for change in, governmental policies. At these meetings, I always found it difficult to accept the slogans on their placards and in their speeches: ‘Shame Australia! Reconciliation for a united Australia’, ‘Wake up Australia! We welcome refugees!’ or ‘True Australians are tolerant! Let’s celebrate multicultural Australia!’ My uncomfortable feeling came not only from the fact that I was left out because of my Japanese nationality but also because I had never seen or heard words like ‘shame Japan’, ‘wake up Japan’ or ‘true Japanese are ...’ at Japanese ‘left-wing’ political gatherings. In Japan, these are words used only by right-wing nationalists. Indeed it is difficult to even imagine liberal-left intellectuals in postwar Japan calling for a ‘true Japanese’ political response (as if such a response was positive), such is the extent to which the idea of ‘good nationalism’ is now regarded as an oxymoron. This is my starting point for an essay in which I want to be attentive to the different roles played by national(ism) in the Japanese and Australian political environments.
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Latif, Yasir, Neil Harrison, and Hye-Eun Chu. "Interpreting the Cultural and Academic Experiences of PhD Students from the Indian Sub-Continent and the Chinese Regions in Australian Universities." International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 15, no. 19 (October 5, 2020): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v15i19.15799.
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This study aims to identify factors that can improve the cultural and academic experiences of East Asian PhD students attending Australian universities. We focus on two key aspects of students’ academic performance in Australia: a sense of belonging and learning strategies applied by international students in Australian higher education. A systematic literature review is conducted to design a framework that can be applied to better understand the cultural and academic experiences of students from the two regions. The application of this framework highlights, how students from these regions are better equipped to succeed in research degrees in Australian universities when they know and understand the culturally appropriate learning strategies applied in the Australian higher education context and when they are supported to develop a new sense of belonging within the academic and wider culture. Paper concludes that a sense of belonging with Australian culture helps international to attain good cultural and academic experiences. In terms of learning strategies, a scientific learning strategy is more effective for East Asian PhD students from Chinese and the Indian sub-continent than participative learning strategies, adaptive learning strategies, and artistic learning strategies. This study suggests the Australian research supervisors must communicate East Asian PhD students to attain a sense of belonging with Australian academic culture and to follow the scientific learning strategy. Future East Asian PhD students should understand the Australian academic culture to avoid cultural shock during PhD candidature. Future researchers should verify the theoretically designed through qualitative, quantitative, or mixed-method research design.
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Bonner, Frances. "The Mediated Asian-Australian Food Identity: From Charmaine Solomon to Masterchef Australia." Media International Australia 157, no. 1 (November 2015): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1515700113.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article considers the significance of food competitions, not just in helping ex-contestants to achieve careers in various food media sites, but also the consequences of this, together with televised food programs generally, in making Australian television more fully represent a multicultural nation, most specifically its Asian-Australian citizens. In 1964, Charmaine Solomon came second in a Woman's Day recipe competition. This, combined with her earlier training as a journalist in Ceylon/Sri Lanka, led the magazine's food editor, Margaret Fulton, to offer her a job. This began her long career as the leading Australian writer on Asian food. More recently, television and shows like MasterChef Australia have replaced magazine competitions in providing a breakthrough into a mediated career in the food industry. Again it was as second place-getter in the very first series of MasterChef that Poh Ling Yeow achieved her break and found her place. Television requires and bestows celebrity, and Poh provides a valuable counterpoint to Solomon here. Several other Asian-Australian contestants have similarly flourished after exposure on the program, like second series winner Adam Liaw. It has become evident that cooking competitions have become one of the principal sites in prime-time Australian television for Asian faces to be seen as a matter of course. While scholars of, and commentators on, Australian multiculturalism are rightly scathing about popular statements claiming a better Australian food culture as an index of the success of post-war migration policies, it appears that Australian television and other media continue to find this conjunction fruitful.
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Taylor, Brendan. "Is Australia's Indo-Pacific strategy an illusion?" International Affairs 96, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiz228.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Australia has been among the most prominent advocates of the increasingly popular Indo-Pacific concept. This article argues that Canberra's enthusiasm for the concept stems from its appeal to the two dominant traditions of Australian foreign policy—a ‘dependent ally’ tradition and a ‘middle power’ approach. While these two traditions are typically seen as being in tension, the Indo-Pacific concept provides a rare point of convergence between them. The article begins by outlining the appeal of the Indo-Pacific concept to each of these traditions. Using a case-study of recent Australian policy toward the South China Sea disputes, however, the article then demonstrates that Australia has in practice implemented its stated Indo-Pacific strategy far less consistently than its very vocal support would appear to suggest. This disjuncture is attributed to the growing influence of a third, generally understudied, ‘pragmatic’ Australian foreign policy tradition. Because Australia has been such a prominent champion of the Indo-Pacific concept, the article concludes that this divergence between the rhetoric and the reality of Australia's Indo-Pacific strategy threatens to have a negative impact on the concept's broader international appeal and sustainability, particularly among Australia's south-east Asian neighbours.
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Khoo, Tseen. "Introduction: Locating Asian Australian Cultures." Journal of Intercultural Studies 27, no. 1-2 (February 2006): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07256860600667243.
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Khoo, Tseen. "Conclusion: Locating Asian Australian Cultures." Journal of Intercultural Studies 27, no. 1-2 (February 2006): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07256860600667268.
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Church, Peter C. "Asian studies and Australian business." Asian Studies Review 14, no. 2 (November 1990): 101–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03147539008712686.
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Safitri, Vaya Nabila. "Analisis Kerjasama Australia-ASEAN dalam Bidang Ekonomi." Jurnal Inovasi Ilmu Sosial dan Politik 2, no. 2 (July 10, 2020): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.33474/jisop.v2i2.6698.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Research conducted to find out what was done by Australia-ASEAN in the economic field. The method used by researchers is deductive, in which the paragraphs are collected in general or the main idea of the paragraphs and then conclusions are drawn specifically. The type of research conducted is qualitative research in which collects data used by researchers, namely Library Studies (Library Research). Based on the results and discussion of ASEAN is an important part of economic prosperity in Australia. As a regional organization in the Southeast Asian region, ASEAN is currently the largest trading partner with Australia. Cooperation between Australia and ASEAN includes the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), the ASEAN-Australia Development Cooperation Program (AADCP), the ASEAN-Australia-New Zealand Free Trade Agreement (AANZFTA). Australia has welcomed the cooperation agreement. This cooperation agreement is important for trade in our region which will drive export opportunities for Australian businesses and facilitate more local employment.
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Shen, Amanda Yang, and Frank Lin. "Complications of polyacrylamide gel filler in the Asian-Australian population." Australasian Journal of Plastic Surgery 2, no. 1 (March 15, 2019): 88–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.34239/ajops.v2i1.85.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Polyacrylamide gel (PAAG), known as Aquamid® (Contura Limited, London, United Kingdom, EC4A 1LB) in Australia, is a hydrophilic, non-toxic substance introduced in the 1970s as a soft tissue filler. Banned in the late 1990s due to concerns regarding side effects such as breast cancer and glandular atrophy, there is currently no published data regarding PAAG fillers in the Australian literature. Given the increasing population of Chinese immigrants to Australia, complications will likely be seen more frequently within our healthcare system in the coming decades. This case series highlights two case in Australia with discussion of symptoms, signs and best-practice management.
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Hilliar, Kirin F., and Richard I. Kemp. "Barack Obama or Barry Dunham? The Appearance of Multiracial Faces is Affected by the Names Assigned to Them." Perception 37, no. 10 (January 1, 2008): 1605–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p6255.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Does semantic information in the form of stereotypical names influence participants' perceptions of the appearance of multiracial faces? Asian-Australian and European-Australian participants were asked to rate the appearance of Asian-Australian faces given typically Asian names, European-Australian faces given typically European names, multiracial faces given Asian names, and multiracial faces given European names. Participants rated the multiracial faces given European names as looking significantly ‘more European’ than the same multiracial faces given Asian names. This study demonstrates how socially derived expectations and stereotypes can influence face perception.
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Hugo, Graeme. "Knocking at the Door: Asian Immigration to Australia." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 1, no. 1 (March 1992): 100–144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689200100105.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper assesses the level and composition of contemporary Asian immigration to Australia and explores its processes and impacts. The final reversal of the White Australia Policy in the 1970s opened the door to substantial increases in Asian immigration, particularly from Vietnam, Malaysia, the Philippines, China, India and Hong Kong. Most migrants are entering through the family reunion, refugee and business migration categories. Vietnamese dominate both family reunion and refugee categories, but the recent prominence among family migrants of Filipino wives and fiancees of Australian men is drawing attention and controversy. Asian migrants tend to be young and female, but there are also great variations in their economic and social adaptations to Australia. Discrimination, exploitation and unemployment are among the problems faced by some Asian groups.
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Lewis, Jeff, and Sonya de Masi. "Unholy Wars: Media Representations of the First Bali Bombings and Their Aftermath." Media International Australia 122, no. 1 (February 2007): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0712200111.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Over the past three decades, the Indonesian tourist island of Bali has been appropriated into the Australian national imaginary. For Australians, Bali has become a neighbourhood playground and psycho-cultural land-bridge to Indonesia and the Asian region. With the emergence of a global ‘war on terror’, Bali has also become a primary battleground, dividing the symbolic claims of the Islamist militants against the Western economic and hedonistic empire. This divide becomes crystallised in the Australian news reporting of the Islamist attacks in Bali of 2002 and 2005. Our research has found a common frame of reference in the reporting of the attacks, most particularly as Australian journalists’ reference to a sense of national history, the ‘9/11 wars’ and Australia's adherence to US foreign policy and cultural hegemony. News reporting tended to subsume the details of ‘Islam’ and Islamic grievance within a more xenophobic rendering of Australian identity and an apocalyptic vision of good and evil.
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Dove, A. D. M., T. H. Cribb, S. P. Mockler, and M. Lintermans. "The Asian fish tapeworm, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi, in Australian freshwater fishes." Marine and Freshwater Research 48, no. 2 (1997): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf96069.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Bothriocephalus acheilognathi was collected from 13 of 38 carp (Cyprinus carpio), 2 of 4 mosquito fish (Gambusia holbrooki), and 2 of 12 western carp gudgeon (Hypseleotris klunzingeri ) in waterways of the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales. This is the first record of this parasite in Australia, and its presence in H. klunzingeri is a new host record. B. acheilognathi presumably arrived in Australia with its introduced fish hosts and has since crossed into native fishes. This cestode may infect other native fish species, a potential that is significant given the high pathogenicity associated with infection in other known hosts.
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Bunyon, R. M. "Electricity and Australia's Energy Market [Asian and Australian Power Policy]." IEEE Power Engineering Review 16, no. 2 (February 1996): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mper.1996.482285.
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Hayward, Craig J. "Distribution of external parasites indicates boundaries to dispersal of sillaginid fishes in the Indo-West Pacific." Marine and Freshwater Research 48, no. 5 (1997): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf96125.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The distribution of sillaginid-specific ectoparasites permits the distinction of two provinces with high parasite diversity: one on the continental shelf of Australia, and one on the shelf of Asia. The Australian province has 15 endemics (five monogeneans, one leech and nine copepods), and the Asian province has 14 endemics (two monogeneans and 12 copepods). These provinces are separated by a region with coastlines that descend very steeply to the ocean floor and by deep ocean waters that largely inhibit sillaginid movements. Some sillaginids must have dispersed across eastern Indonesia, however, leading to the occurrence of four parasites in both provinces. Three Australian parasites also appear to be presently encroaching onto the southern periphery of the Asian shelf. At least one less-recent invasion of Australian waters by Asian sillaginids would account for the occurrence of six pairs of copepod congeners that have one member in each province. The most widespread sillaginid, Sillago sihama, seems to have dispersed to African shores from the Arabian Sea as planktonic larvae only (no Asian parasites were present in samples of 29 hosts) and relatively recently (only one locally endemic parasite appears to have been acquired).
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Harris, John. "Is LNG the panacea for Australia's natural gas?" APPEA Journal 50, no. 2 (2010): 713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj09077.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Australia already has abundant natural gas reserves. To what extent will LNG exports grow? What is the potential for future conventional gas discoveries? Is there a potential round of additional CBM-sourced LNG projects? Could shale gas contribute to supply? There are already a significant number of proposed LNG projects in Australia. How many more projects might emerge to add to the current tally? In the longer term, Australia has the potential to surpass Qatar as the world’s leading LNG exporter but which markets can help Australia realise that potential? With growing Asian demand for LNG, and buyers historically accustomed to oil-linked long term contracts, the prospects for LNG appear good. But are they? To what extent can growth in Asian gas demand absorb Australian LNG, which itself has to compete with other LNG projects? If Asian demand is satiated, what are the alternative markets? North America provides another potential outlet for Australian LNG exports, but how do the project economics stack up relative to Asia? Does South America offer market opportunities and if so can countries there absorb a meaningful volume of Australian LNG? A detailed consideration of project costs and the outlook for gas prices in Asia and the Americas can help shed light on this question. It can also set Australia’s LNG projects in context relative to its competitors. If LNG is not the panacea for Australia’s natural gas, will alternative monetisation options emerge, and what might they be?
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Finnane, Antonia. "Australian Excursions into East Asian History." Australian Journal of Politics & History 41 (June 28, 2008): 232–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8497.1995.tb01094.x.
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Chakraborty, Mridula Nath, and Jessica Walton. "Asian Australian Identities: Embodiments and Inhabitations." Journal of Intercultural Studies 41, no. 6 (November 1, 2020): 667–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07256868.2020.1843780.
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Smaill, Belinda. "Affective authorship: contemporary Asian Australian documentary." Studies in Australasian Cinema 2, no. 2 (January 2008): 157–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/sac.2.2.157_1.
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Stevenson, Tony. "Australian and south Asian futures texts." Futures 25, no. 3 (April 1993): 366–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-3287(93)90154-l.
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Graham, Pamela. "Alice Pung'sGrowing up Asian in Australia: The Cultural Work of Anthologized Asian-Australian Narratives of Childhood." Prose Studies 35, no. 1 (April 2013): 67–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01440357.2013.781412.
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Benvenuti, Andrea, and David Martin Jones. "With Friends Like These: Australia, the United States, and Southeast Asian Détente." Journal of Cold War Studies 21, no. 2 (May 2019): 27–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws_a_00876.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A generation of scholars has depicted the premiership of Labor Party leader Gough Whitlam as a watershed in Australian foreign policy. According to the prevailing consensus, Whitlam carved out a more independent and progressive role in international affairs without significantly endangering relations with Western-aligned states in East and Southeast Asia or with Australia's traditionally closest allies, the United States and the United Kingdom. This article takes issue with these views and offers a more skeptical assessment of Whitlam's diplomacy and questions his handling of Australia's alliance with the United States. In doing so, it shows that Whitlam, in his eagerness to embrace détente, reject containment, and project an image of an allegedly more progressive and independent Australia, in fact exacerbated tensions with Richard Nixon's Republican administration and caused disquiet among Southeast Asian countries that were aligned with or at least friendly toward the West.