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1
Liu, Cheng Chu, Guo Ling Zhao, Ya Ning Li, Zhuo Ping Ding, Qi Gen Liu, and Jia Le Li. "Contribution of Phenolics and Flavonoids to Anti-Oxidat Activity and of Ethanol Extract from Eichharnia crassipes." Advanced Materials Research 156-157 (October 2010): 1372–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.156-157.1372.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The polyphenol and flavonoid contents and antioxidation capabilities, including total reducing power, DPPH radical scavenging capability and lipid peroxidation inhibition, of ethanol extracts of water hyacinth (Eichhomia crassipes) were investigated and compared with those extracted from red tide seaweed (Enteromorpha prolifera) and from the most common seaweed (Porphyra haitanensis). Results showed that E. crassipes contained higher amounts of polyphenols [6.68 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g] in the leaf than in the stem (4.37 mg GAE/g) or in P. haitanensis (4.27 mg GAE/g). The E. crassipes also contained higher contents of flavonoids [1524 and 453 mg rutin equivalents (RE)/g in leaf and stem, respectively] than did E. prolifera (233 mg RE/g). Accordingly, both the leaf and stem of E. crassipes had relatively higher reducing power [118.35 and 47.21 100μg ascorbic acid equivalents (AscAE)/g, respectively] and DPPH radical scavenging capability (74.6% for leaf and 62.7% for stem) when compared with E. prolifera (reducing power of 16.5 and DPPH radical scavenging capability of 42.96%). Statistical analysis showed that the antioxidation capabilities, especially reducing power, of extracts of the three aquatic plants were positively correlated with their total polyphenol contents, but not with the contents of flavonoids. The correlation coefficient (r) of the content of polyphenols and reducing power of those extracts was r=0.9028, that for DPPH scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibition was r=0.9311 and 0.9099, respectively. These results indicated that phenolic compounds are the main compounds contributing to the antioxidation activities of seaweed extracts. E. crassipes can be a source for extracting natural antioxidants.
2
Anand, Vishal, Anthony S. Russell, Ross Tsuyuki, and Richard Fedorak. "Perinuclear Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Autoantibodies and Anti-Saccharomyces CerevisiaeAntibodies as Serological Markers Are Not Specific in the Identification of Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis." Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 22, no. 1 (2008): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/974540.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (pANCAs) and anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiaeantibodies (ASCAs), as single agents and in combination, for the diagnosis of Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), including in cases of indeterminate colitis (IC).METHODS: The sera from a total of 98 patients were studied: 77 with CD, 16 with UC and five with IC. The medical records of these patients were reviewed for disease diagnosis, demographic data, and patient symptoms and medications. ELISAs were utilized to detect the presence of ASCAs and deoxyribonuclease-sensitive pANCAs, and these results were then compared with the patients’ clinical data.RESULTS: For UC, a positive pANCA test alone provided a sensitivity of 50% and a specificity of 82%. For CD, a positive ASCA test alone provided a sensitivity of 40% and a specificity of 100%. A combination of pANCA-positive and ASCA-negative results showed a sensitivity of 50% and specificity of 90% for the diagnosis of UC. Similarly, the combination of ASCA-positive and pANCA-negative results provided a sensitivity and specificity of 32% and 100% for the diagnosis of CD, respectively. Interestingly, 80% of IC patients showed serology results consistent with UC.CONCLUSIONS:Although this combination of serological markers provides a diagnostic tool with generally high specificities, the low sensitivities of these serological markers, most notably in terms of CD, preclude the possibility that they can replace the tools currently used for inflammatory bowel disease diagnosis and management. It is possible, however, that these serological markers may prove beneficial in the management of IC.
3
RODRIGUES, Maraci, Cleonice BUENO, Elizete Aparecida LOMAZI, Maria Inez Machado FERNANDES, Clarice Blaj NEUFELD, Maria Fernanda Marranghello D’AMICO, and Fátima Regina De Almeida PATIÑO. "CLASSICAL SEROLOGICAL MARKERS IN PEDIATRIC INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE IN BRAZIL." Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 58, no. 4 (October 2021): 495–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-2803.202100000-89.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (p-ANCA) and anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCAs) have long been used to differentiate between Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), more recently having been used as prognostic indicators. OBJECTIVE: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of serological markers in the identification of pediatric CD and UC in Sao Paulo, Brazil, as well as to correlate those markers with characteristics demographic and clinical of these two diseases. METHODS: Retrospective cross-sectional multi-center study involving pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We identified ASCAs serological markers and p-ANCA, correlating their presence with demographic and clinical data, not only in the patients with IBD but also in a group of age-matched gastrointestinal disease-free controls. RESULTS: A total of 122 patients, 74 with IBD (46% males), treated at four pediatric gastroenterology referral centers, the mean age of 13±7 years, 49 (66%) with CD, and 25 (34%) with UC. The control Group comprised 48 patients (54% males). The proportion of patients testing positive for p-ANCA was significantly higher in the UC group (69.9%) compared to the CD group (30.4%), as well as being significantly higher in the CD group versus the control Group (P<0.001 for both). The proportion of patients testing positive for ASCA IgA (76.2%) and ASCA IgG (94.4%) markers was also significantly higher in the CD group than in the control Group (P<0.001), and such positivity correlated significantly with the use of immunomodulatory medications such as azathioprine and anti-tumor necrosis factor agents (azathioprine 38.9%, anti-TNF 55.6%; P=0.002). In the CD group, the proportion of patients testing positive for the ASCA IgA was significantly higher among those who underwent surgery than among those who did not (26.86±17.99; P=0.032). CONCLUSION: In pediatric patients with IBD in Sao Paulo, Brazil, serological tests proving to be highly specific, although not very sensitive, for the diagnosis of IBD. However, the serological markers showed a positive correlation with the severity of the disease.
4
Simone, Christine G., Tania Zuluaga Toro, Ellie Chan, and Thomas J. George. "Characteristics and outcomes of adenosquamous carcinoma of the pancreas." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2013): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.4_suppl.311.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
311 Background: Adenosquamous carcinoma of the pancreas (ASCAP) is a rare pancreatic malignancy variant reported to have a worse prognosis than adenocarcinoma of the pancreas (ACP). Most reports demonstrate a survival rate of less than two years. This study was undertaken to characterize this subtype in the context of a contemporary ACP cohort. Methods: This retrospective analysis included all patients who underwent definitive pancreatic cancer resection at the University of Florida from 2001 to 2011. Central pathology review of suspected ASCAP cases was undertaken. Patient characteristics, tumor features, treatment, and outcomes were collected with t-test analysis for differences. Results: Eight of 237 patients (3.3%) were histologically confirmed as ASCAP. Differences between the ASCAP and ACP cohorts are listed in the Table. ASCAP patients were similar to patients with ACP with no differences in presentation, symptoms or reported tumor markers including CA19-9, CEA, or hypercalcemia. However, ASCAP patients were slightly older, smoked less, and had more involvement of the body and tail. None (0/8) of the ASCAP diagnoses were identified on fine needle aspiration, only surgical specimen review. Post-operative therapy was inconsistently provided to the ASCAP patient population. With a median f/u of 2.9 years, 31% of ACP and 37% of ASACP patients are alive with median overall survival favoring patients with ACP (0.6 vs. 1.7 years; p<0.006). Conclusions: In a contemporary cohort, ASCAP remains a rare malignancy with a relatively worse prognosis than ACP. Diagnostic biopsy may be non-confirmatory for ASCAP and may lead to under-reporting. Aggressive surgical resection is curative for a subset of ASCAP patients, but overall survival remains poor. Further investigation into the role of adjuvant therapy and risk factor modification for this variant may be valuable. [Table: see text]
5
Fearn, Tom. "ASCA." NIR news 24, no. 7 (November 2013): 20–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1255/nirn.1400.
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Lazar, Ross Allen. "Phönix aus der Asche – oder Asche auf unser Haupt?" Forum der Psychoanalyse 32, no. 4 (October 27, 2016): 335–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00451-016-0251-x.
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Golovanov, Igor', Vladislav Baranov, Il'ya Kaznacheev, and Nikita Shalygin. "SOME ASPECTS OF THE RELIABILITY OF AUTOMATED COMMERCIAL ELECTRICITY ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS." Bulletin of the Angarsk State Technical University 1, no. 14 (December 15, 2020): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.36629/2686-777x-2020-1-14-7-10.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Some aspects of the reliability of automated commercial electricity accounting systems (ASCUE) in electricity systems (SES) are considered. The reliability and readiness to work of
ASCUE is determined by many factors. The necessary measures to ensure and improve the reliability
of ASCUE and measures to implement these systems in the rural, urban and industrial SES are outlined.
8
Takahashi, T., Y. Ueda, Y. Ishisaki, T. Ohashi, and K. Makishima. "ASCA Medium Sensitive Survey — ASCA GIS catalogue." Astronomische Nachrichten: News in Astronomy and Astrophysics 319, no. 1-2 (1998): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asna.2123190142.
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Dharssi, I., K. J. Bovis, B. Macpherson, and C. P. Jones. "Operational assimilation of ASCAT surface soil wetness at the Met Office." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 15, no. 8 (August 31, 2011): 2729–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-2729-2011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. Currently, no extensive, near real time, global soil moisture observation network exists. Therefore, the Met Office global soil moisture analysis scheme has instead used observations of screen temperature and humidity. A number of new space-borne remote sensing systems, operating at microwave frequencies, have been developed that provide a more direct retrieval of surface soil moisture. These systems are attractive since they provide global data coverage and the horizontal resolution is similar to weather forecasting models. Several studies show that measurements of normalised backscatter (surface soil wetness) from the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) on the meteorological operational (MetOp) satellite contain good quality information about surface soil moisture. This study describes methods to convert ASCAT surface soil wetness measurements to volumetric surface soil moisture together with bias correction and quality control. A computationally efficient nudging scheme is used to assimilate the ASCAT volumetric surface soil moisture data into the Met Office global soil moisture analysis. This ASCAT nudging scheme works alongside a soil moisture nudging scheme that uses observations of screen temperature and humidity. Trials, using the Met Office global Unified Model, of the ASCAT nudging scheme show a positive impact on forecasts of screen temperature and humidity for the tropics, North America and Australia. A comparison with in-situ soil moisture measurements from the US also indicates that assimilation of ASCAT surface soil wetness improves the soil moisture analysis. Assimilation of ASCAT surface soil wetness measurements became operational during July 2010.
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Dharssi, I., K. Bovis, B. Macpherson, and C. Jones. "Operational assimilation of ASCAT surface soil wetness at the Met Office." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 8, no. 2 (April 29, 2011): 4313–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-8-4313-2011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. Currently, no extensive global soil moisture observation network exists. Therefore, the Met Office global soil moisture analysis scheme has instead used observations of screen temperature and humidity. A number of new space-borne remote sensing systems, operating at microwave frequencies, have been developed that provide a more direct retrieval of surface soil moisture. These systems are attractive since they provide global data coverage and the horizontal resolution is similar to weather forecasting models. Several studies show that measurements of normalised backscatter (surface soil wetness) from the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) on the meteorological operational (MetOp) satellite contain good quality information about surface soil moisture. This note describes methods to convert ASCAT surface soil wetness measurements to volumetric surface soil moisture together with bias correction and quality control. A computationally efficient nudging scheme is used to assimilate the ASCAT volumetric surface soil moisture data into the Met Office global soil moisture analysis. This ASCAT nudging scheme works alongside a soil moisture nudging scheme that uses observations of screen temperature and humidity. Trials, using the Met Office global Unified Model, of the ASCAT nudging scheme show a positive impact on forecasts of screen temperature and humidity for the tropics, North America and Australia. A comparison with in-situ soil moisture measurements from the US also indicates that assimilation of ASCAT surface soil wetness improves the soil moisture analysis. Assimilation of ASCAT surface soil wetness measurements became operational during July 2010.
11
Bi, Li, James A. Jung, Michael C. Morgan, and John F. Le Marshall. "Assessment of Assimilating ASCAT Surface Wind Retrievals in the NCEP Global Data Assimilation System." Monthly Weather Review 139, no. 11 (November 1, 2011): 3405–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011mwr3391.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract A two-season Observing System Experiment (OSE) was used to quantify the impacts of assimilating the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) surface winds product distributed by the European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMESAT) and the National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS). The ASCAT wind retrievals were provided by the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Office (KNMI) and the 50-km resolution ASCAT products were assimilated. The impact of assimilating the ASCAT surface wind product in the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Global Data Assimilation/Global Forecast System (GDAS/GFS) was assessed by comparing the forecast results through 168 h for the months of August 2008 and January 2009. The NCEP GDAS/GFS was used, at a resolution of T382–64 layers, as the assimilation system and forecast model for these experiments. A control simulation utilizing all the data types assimilated in the operational GDAS was compared to an experimental simulation that added the ASCAT surface winds. Quality control procedures required to assimilate the ASCAT surface winds are discussed. Anomaly correlations (ACs) of geopotential height forecasts as well as geographic distribution of AC of geopotential height forecasts at 1000 and 500 hPa were evaluated for the control and experiment during both seasons. The geographical distribution of forecast impact (FI) on the wind and temperature fields near the surface is also presented. The results of this study show that assimilation of the surface wind retrievals from the ASCAT sensor improve the NCEP GFS wind and temperature forecasts. A positive FI, which suggests the error growth of the experiment is slower than the control, has been realized in the NCEP GDAS/GFS wind and temperature forecasts through 24 h. The ASCAT experiment AC scores show modest forecast improvements from days 4 through 7.
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Bentamy, A., D. Croize-Fillon, and C. Perigaud. "Characterization of ASCAT measurements based on buoy and QuikSCAT wind vector observations." Ocean Science 4, no. 4 (December 11, 2008): 265–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-4-265-2008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. The new scatterometer Advanced SCATterometer (ASCAT) onboard MetOp-A satellite provides surface wind speed and direction over global ocean with a spatial resolution of 25 km square over two swaths of 550 km widths. The accuracy of ASCAT wind retrievals is determined through various comparisons with moored buoys. The comparisons indicate that the remotely sensed wind speeds and directions agree well with buoy data. The root-mean-squared differences of the wind speed and direction are less than 1.72 m/s and 18°, respectively. At global scale, ASCAT winds are compared with surface winds derived from QuikSCAT scatterometer. The results confirm the buoy analyses, especially for wind speed ranging between 3 m/s and 20 m/s. For higher wind conditions, ASCAT is biased low. The ASCAT underestimation with respect to QuikSCAT winds is wind speed dependent. The comparisons based on the collocated scatterometer data collected after 17 of October 2007 indicate that there are significant improvements compared to previous periods.
13
Bentamy, A. "Characterization of ASCAT measurements based on buoy and QuikSCAT wind vector observations." Ocean Science Discussions 5, no. 1 (March 19, 2008): 77–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-5-77-2008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. The new scatterometer Advanced SCATterometer (ASCAT) onboard MetOp-A satellite provides surface wind speed and direction over global ocean with a spatial resolution of 25 km square over two swaths of 550 km widths. The accuracy of ASCAT wind retrievals is determined through various comparisons with moored buoys. The comparisons indicate that the remotely sensed wind speeds and directions agree well with buoy data. The root-mean-squared differences of the wind speed and direction are less than 1.72 m/s and 18°, respectively. At global scale, ASCAT winds are compared with surface winds derived from QuikSCAT scatterometer. The results confirm the buoy analyses, especially for wind speed ranging between 3 m/s and 20 m/s. For higher wind conditions, ASCAT is biased low. The ASCAT underestimation with respect to QuikSCAT winds is wind speed dependent. The comparisons based on the collocated scatterometer data collected after 17 October 2007 indicate that there are significant improvements compared to previous periods.
14
Al-Taher, Hanna, and Matthias Ebenaus. "Phoenix und Asche." PROKLA. Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialwissenschaft 39, no. 157 (December 1, 2009): 645–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32387/prokla.v39i157.416.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Against the backdrop of the Global Economic Crisis India's neoliberal elites initially argued, that its economy was safely decoupled from that of western countries, giving way to the fashionable 'decoupling theory': The evolving debate centered on whether or not, and later on how, India would be affected by the global crisis, but failed to recognize that any analysis attempting to grasp the current development fully, must not only connect the crisis to the economic development preceding it but also consider effects beyond the economy's internationalized sectors. We argue that while the economic crisis does affect India's internationalized economic segments adversely, particularly via the channels of foreign trade, international capital flows and availability of credit, the majority of the Indian population suffers from social crises, rooted in the country's economic strategy and expressed through agricultural distress combined with precarious employment conditions, which have persisted for much longer than the current global crisis. The majority of the population which suffered from 'Incredible India's' 'predatory growth' will have to carry the burden of its economic recovery and continued pursuit of the status of a major economic power.
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MATSUMURA, Hisashi. "Structura Legendae Asocae." JOURNAL OF INDIAN AND BUDDHIST STUDIES (INDOGAKU BUKKYOGAKU KENKYU) 41, no. 1 (1992): 459–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4259/ibk.41.459.
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Garrett, Andrew, and Leslie Kurke. "Pudenda Asiae Minoris." Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 96 (1994): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/311315.
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Quinton, J.-F., B. Sendid, D. Reumaux, P. Duthilleul, A. Cortot, B. Grandbastien, G. Charrier, S. R. Targan, J.-F. Colombel, and D. Poulain. "Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannan antibodies combined with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies in inflammatory bowel disease: prevalence and diagnostic role." Gut 42, no. 6 (June 1, 1998): 788–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.42.6.788.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background—Perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (pANCA) are a well recognised marker for ulcerative colitis. Antibodies to oligomannosidic epitopes of the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCA) are a new marker associated with Crohn’s disease.Aims—To assess the value of detecting pANCA and/or ASCA for the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease.Methods—Serum samples were obtained from 100 patients with Crohn’s disease, 101 patients with ulcerative colitis, 27 patients with other miscellaneous diarrhoeal illnesses, and 163 healthy controls. Determination of pANCA and ASCA was performed using the standardised indirect immunofluorescence technique and an ELISA, respectively.Results—The combination of a positive pANCA test and a negative ASCA test yielded a sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of 57%, 97%, and 92.5% respectively for ulcerative colitis. The combination of a positive ASCA test and a negative pANCA test yielded a sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of 49%, 97%, and 96% respectively for Crohn’s disease. Among patients with miscellaneous non-inflammatory bowel disorders, three were ASCA positive and two were pANCA positive. One control was ASCA positive. The presence of ASCA in patients with Crohn’s disease was associated with small bowel involvement.Conclusion—ASCA and pANCA are strongly associated with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, respectively. Combination of both tests could help the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Parrens, M., E. Zakharova, S. Lafont, J. C. Calvet, Y. Kerr, W. Wagner, and J. P. Wigneron. "Comparing soil moisture retrievals from SMOS and ASCAT over France." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 16, no. 2 (February 9, 2012): 423–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-423-2012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. The first products derived over France in 2010 from the L-band brightness temperatures (Tb) measured by the SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) satellite, launched in November 2009, were compared with the surface soil moisture (SSM) estimates produced by the C-band Advanced Scatterometer, ASCAT, launched in 2006 on board METOP-A. SMOS and ASCAT SSM products were compared with the simulations of the ISBA-A-gs model and with in situ measurements from the SMOSMANIA network, including 21 stations located in southern France. ASCAT tended to correlate better than SMOS with ISBA-A-gs. The significant anomaly correlation coefficients between in situ observations and the SMOS (ASCAT) product ranged from 0.23 to 0.48 (0.35 to 0.96). However, in wet conditions, similar results between the two satellite products were found. An attempt was made to derive SSM from regressed empirical logarithmic equations using a combination of SMOS Tb at different incidence angles and different polarizations, and the Leaf Area Index (LAI) modeled by ISBA-A-gs. The analysis of the intercept coefficient of the regression showed an impact of topography. A similar analysis applied to ASCAT and SMOS SSM values showed a more limited impact of topography on the intercept coefficient of the SMOS SSM product, while fewer residual geographic patterns were found for the ASCAT SSM.
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Parrens, M., E. Zakharova, S. Lafont, J. C. Calvet, Y. Kerr, W. Wagner, and J. P. Wigneron. "Comparing soil moisture retrievals from SMOS and ASCAT over France." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 8, no. 5 (September 21, 2011): 8565–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-8-8565-2011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. The first products derived over France in 2010 from the L-band brightness temperatures (Tb) measured by the SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) satellite, launched in November 2009, were compared with the surface soil moisture (SSM) estimates produced by the C-band Advanced Scatterometter, ASCAT, launched in 2006 on board METOP-A. SMOS and ASCAT SSM products were compared with the simulations of the ISBA-A-gs model and with in situ measurements from the SMOSMANIA network, including 21 stations located in southern France. ASCAT tended to correlate better than SMOS with ISBA-A-gs. The significant anomaly correlation coefficients between in situ observations and the SMOS (ASCAT) product ranged from 0.23 to 0.48 (0.35 to 0.96). However, in wet conditions, similar results between the two satellite products were found. An attempt was made to derive SSM from regressed empirical logarithmic equations using a combination of SMOS Tb at different incidence angles and different polarizations, and the Leaf Area Index (LAI) modeled by ISBA-A-gs. The analysis of the intercept coefficient of the regression showed an impact of topography. A similar analysis applied to ASCAT and SMOS SSM values showed a more limited impact of topography on the intercept coefficient of the SMOS SSM product, while fewer residual geographic patterns were found for the ASCAT SSM.
20
Kotze, Lorete Maria da Silva, Renato Mitsunori Nisihara, Shirley Ramos da Rosa Utiyama, Paulo Gustavo Kotze, Petra Mirella Theiss, and Márcia Olandoski. "Antibodies anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCA) do not differentiate Crohn's disease from celiac disease." Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 47, no. 3 (September 2010): 242–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-28032010000300006.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
CONTEXT: Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA), considered serologic markers for Crohn's disease, were described in patients with celiac disease, disappearing after a gluten-free diet. OBJECTIVES: Evaluation of ASCA positivity in patients with Crohn's disease and celiac disease in relation to healthy individuals. METHODS: A total of 145 individuals were studied: 36 with Crohn's disease and 52 with celiac disease, that fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for both affections, and 57 healthy individuals for control. The celiac patients were divided as follow: group CeD I at diagnosis (n = 34), group CeD II with gluten-free diet compliance (n = 13) and group CeD III with transgressions to the diet (n = 5). ASCA IgA and IgG were determined by ELISA. RESULTS: With statistical significance, ASCA IgA were positive in Crohn's disease, celiac disease at diagnosis and celiac disease with diet transgressions; ASCA IgG in Crohn's disease and in all groups with celiac disease. CONCLUSIONS: The detection of ASCA in patients with celiac disease allows to suggest that ASCA is not a specific marker for Crohn's disease, but was associated with the inflammation of the small intestine. The increased levels of positive ASCA may be due to genetic factors and increased intestinal permeability.
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Deng, Khidir, Salim Lamine, Andrew Pavlides, George Petropoulos, Prashant Srivastava, Yansong Bao, Dionissios Hristopulos, and Vasileios Anagnostopoulos. "Operational Soil Moisture from ASCAT in Support of Water Resources Management." Remote Sensing 11, no. 5 (March 9, 2019): 579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11050579.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study provides the results of an extensive investigation of the Advanced Scaterometter (ASCAT) surface soil moisture global operational product accuracy across three continents (United States of America (USA), Europe, and Australia). ASCAT predictions of surface soil moisture were compared against near concurrent in situ measurements from the FLUXNET observational network. A total of nine experimental sites were used to assess the accuracy of ASCAT Surface Soil Moisture (ASCAT SSM) predictions for two complete years of observations (2010, 2011). Results showed a generally reasonable agreement between the ASCAT product and the in situ soil moisture measurements in the 0–5 cm soil moisture layer. The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) was below 0.135 m3 m−3 at all of the sites. With a few exceptions, Pearson’s correlation coefficient was above 45%. Grassland, shrublands, and woody savanna land cover types exhibited satisfactory agreement in all the sites analyzed (RMSE ranging from 0.05 to 0.13 m3 m−3). Seasonal performance was tested, but no definite conclusion can be made with statistical significance at this time, as the seasonal results varied from continent to continent and from year to year. However, the satellite and in situ measurements for Needleleaf forests were practically uncorrelated (R = −0.11 and −0.04). ASCAT predictions overestimated the observed values at all of the sites in Australia. A positive bias of approximately 0.05 m3 m−3 was found with respect to the observed values that were in the range 0–0.3 m3 m−3. Better agreement was observed for the grassland sites in most cases (RMSE ranging from 0.09 to 0.10 m3 m−3 and R from 0.46 to 0.90). Our results provide supportive evidence regarding the potential value of the ASCAT global operational product for meso-scale studies and the relevant practical applications. A key contribution of this study is a comprehensive evaluation of ASCAT product soil moisture estimates at different sites around the globe. These sites represent a variety of climatic, environmental, biome, and topographical conditions.
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Grzybowska-Chlebowczyk, Urszula, Halina Woś, Aleksander L. Sieroń, Sabina Więcek, Aleksandra Auguściak-Duma, Halina Koryciak-Komarska, and Joanna Kasznia-Kocot. "Serologic Investigations in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Food Allergy." Mediators of Inflammation 2009 (2009): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/512695.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of the study was the evaluation of frequency and titre of IgA ASCA and IgG ASCA and p-ANCA, c-ANCA in children with IBD and occurrence of ASCA antibodies in relation to coexistence of FA. Patients and methods. The study comprised 95 children at the ages of 2 to 18 years. The diagnosis of IBD was established on the basis of Porto criteria. Tests of blood serum were performed in all children: IgA and IgG ASCA, p-ANCA, c-ANCA using ELISA method. Results. IgE-dependent FA was found in 32.5% children with UC and in 21% with CD. We did not observe any relation between the occurrence of FA and the frequency and ASCA titre. p-ANCA were significantly more frequent in the group of children with UC. The occurrence of ASCA antibodies was observed in 73.7% of children with CD, 17.5% with UC and almost 30% with allergic colitis. Conclusions. Patients with CD and the presence of ASCA revealed a significantly more frequent localization of lesions within the small bowel and a tendency towards older age. We observed a connection between the occurrence of antibodies and the examined mutations of gene NOD2/CARD15.
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Wang, He, Jingsong Yang, Jianhua Zhu, Lin Ren, Yahao Liu, Weiwei Li, and Chuntao Chen. "Estimation of Significant Wave Heights from ASCAT Scatterometer Data via Deep Learning Network." Remote Sensing 13, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13020195.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sea state estimation from wide-swath and frequent-revisit scatterometers, which are providing ocean winds in the routine, is an attractive challenge. In this study, state-of-the-art deep learning technology is successfully adopted to develop an algorithm for deriving significant wave height from Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) aboard MetOp-A. By collocating three years (2016–2018) of ASCAT measurements and WaveWatch III sea state hindcasts at a global scale, huge amount data points (>8 million) were employed to train the multi-hidden-layer deep learning model, which has been established to map the inputs of thirteen sea state related ASCAT observables into the wave heights. The ASCAT significant wave height estimates were validated against hindcast dataset independent on training, showing good consistency in terms of root mean square error of 0.5 m under moderate sea condition (1.0–5.0 m). Additionally, reasonable agreement is also found between ASCAT derived wave heights and buoy observations from National Data Buoy Center for the proposed algorithm. Results are further discussed with respect to sea state maturity, radar incidence angle along with the limitations of the model. Our work demonstrates the capability of scatterometers for monitoring sea state, thus would advance the use of scatterometers, which were originally designed for winds, in studies of ocean waves.
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Wang, He, Jingsong Yang, Jianhua Zhu, Lin Ren, Yahao Liu, Weiwei Li, and Chuntao Chen. "Estimation of Significant Wave Heights from ASCAT Scatterometer Data via Deep Learning Network." Remote Sensing 13, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13020195.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sea state estimation from wide-swath and frequent-revisit scatterometers, which are providing ocean winds in the routine, is an attractive challenge. In this study, state-of-the-art deep learning technology is successfully adopted to develop an algorithm for deriving significant wave height from Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) aboard MetOp-A. By collocating three years (2016–2018) of ASCAT measurements and WaveWatch III sea state hindcasts at a global scale, huge amount data points (>8 million) were employed to train the multi-hidden-layer deep learning model, which has been established to map the inputs of thirteen sea state related ASCAT observables into the wave heights. The ASCAT significant wave height estimates were validated against hindcast dataset independent on training, showing good consistency in terms of root mean square error of 0.5 m under moderate sea condition (1.0–5.0 m). Additionally, reasonable agreement is also found between ASCAT derived wave heights and buoy observations from National Data Buoy Center for the proposed algorithm. Results are further discussed with respect to sea state maturity, radar incidence angle along with the limitations of the model. Our work demonstrates the capability of scatterometers for monitoring sea state, thus would advance the use of scatterometers, which were originally designed for winds, in studies of ocean waves.
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Lazaraki, Georgia, Fotios Girtovitis, Stefanos Dokas, Eleftheria Pithara, Maria Tsaousidou, Aikaterini Spartali, and Pantelis Makris. "Possible Relation of Crohn’s Disease and Hereditary Thrombophilia: Detection of ASCA Seropositivity. (Preliminary Results)." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 4051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.4051.4051.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Introduction: Hereditary thrombophilia (Factor V Leiden mutation -FV G1691A, FVL, FII G20210A -prothrombin mutation), has been reported to be correlated to Crohn’s disease (CD) by some studies. The determination of anti- Saccharomyces Cerevisiae IgA and IgG Antibodies (ASCA) have been described as important serological marker for the differential diagnosis of CD. The aim of the study was to evaluate ASCA seropositivity in a high-risk population (i.e. thrombophilic patients, pts) for CD. Material-Methods: From April to July 2004, 37 patients (16 men, 21 women, mean age 52,5± 9.6 years old) with hereditary thrombophilia and 28 healthy control subjects (16 men, 12 women, mean age 51,3 ± 8.5 years) were included in the study. Fasting blood samples were drawn from patients and control subjects were examined for serum p-ANCA, ASCA IgA and IgG titers. Pts and control subjects were matched for age, sex and smoking and had to fill a questionnaire concerning history of rectal bleeding, diarrhea lasting longer than 4 weeks, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).Colonoscopy or flexible sigmoidoscopy was proposed to all patients and controls when reported an alarm symptom. ASCA IgA and IgG titers were measured with quantitative enzyme immunoassay method (Medizym ASCA IgG, Medizym ASCA IgA, and MEDIPAN, GERMANY). Results: In the patient group 8 pts reported IBS symptoms, 2 had history of rectal bleeding while none IBD or chronic diarrhea. In the control group 6 patients reported IBS symptoms while none IBD, rectal bleeding or chronic diarrhea (p>0,05). Ten and 15 pts were found to be positive for ASCA IgG and IgA respectively. In the control group, 6 and 10 subjects were found to be positive for ASCA IgG and IgA respectively (p<0,05 and p<0,1 respectively). Conclusions: Thrombophilic pts, a high-risk population for CD, present an important rate of ASCA IgG and IgA seropositivity. Although these are preliminary results, thrombophilic pts should be screened for ASCA and some of them with colonoscopy. ASCA seropositivity in the control group was found to be greater than in the literature but this may be explained by the small sample.
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Cheng, Linlin, Liubing Li, Chenxi Liu, Songxin Yan, and Yongzhe Li. "Meta-analysis of anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies as diagnostic markers of Behçet’s disease with gastrointestinal involvement." BMJ Open 10, no. 10 (October 2020): e033880. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033880.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ObjectiveDue to common exposure to yeast in the alcoholic and baking industry, positive rate of anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA) is reportedly high in patients with Behçet’s disease (BD) who have gastrointestinal symptoms (gastrointestinal BD (GIBD)). We performed a meta-analysis to assess the diagnostic value of ASCA in differentiating patients with BD from those with other chronic inflammatory bowel diseases.MethodsThe meta-analysis is presented with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist. Relevant studies that investigated ASCA levels in patients with BD were retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, SCOPUS and the Cochrane Library on 12 July 2019; the search was rerun on 12 February 2020. Stata/SE V.12.0 and Meta-DiSc V.1.4 were used to perform the meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis, disaggregated by isotypes of ASCA.ResultsNine studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results revealed a strong association between ASCA and GIBD, especially ASCA-IgG (OR=5.50 (95% CI 2.58 to 11.55), p=0.000) and ASCA-IgG+IgA (OR=5.36 (95% CI 1.40 to 20.45), p=0.014). The positivity rate of ASCA in GIBD was significantly higher than that in ulcerative colitis (UC): IgA (OR=2.13 (95% CI 1.30 to 3.50), p=0.003); IgG+IgA (OR=2.19 (95% CI 1.03 to 4.66), p=0.042); IgG/IgA ((=2.03 (95% CI 1.30 to 3.17), p=0.002). However, the frequency of ASCA-IgG was significantly higher in patients with Crohn's disease than GIBD (OR=0.48 (95% CI 0.28 to 0.83), p=0.009). There was no significant difference in ASCA positivity between BD without gastrointestinal involvement and healthy controls and between GIBD and intestinal tuberculosis (iTB) (p>0.05).ConclusionASCA may play a role in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal involvement. Negative result of IgG favours the diagnosis of GIBD/BD when differentiated from Crohn’s disease. ASCA-IgA showed moderate diagnostic performance in distinguishing GIBD and UC and the diagnostic performance was better in combination with IgG. However, ASCA may not be a useful serologic marker distinguishing GIBD and iTB.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020115245.
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Ali, Nairveen, Jeroen Jansen, André van den Doel, Gerjen Herman Tinnevelt, and Thomas Bocklitz. "WE-ASCA: The Weighted-Effect ASCA for Analyzing Unbalanced Multifactorial Designs—A Raman Spectra-Based Example." Molecules 26, no. 1 (December 25, 2020): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26010066.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Analyses of multifactorial experimental designs are used as an explorative technique describing hypothesized multifactorial effects based on their variation. The procedure of analyzing multifactorial designs is well established for univariate data, and it is known as analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests, whereas only a few methods have been developed for multivariate data. In this work, we present the weighted-effect ASCA, named WE-ASCA, as an enhanced version of ANOVA-simultaneous component analysis (ASCA) to deal with multivariate data in unbalanced multifactorial designs. The core of our work is to use general linear models (GLMs) in decomposing the response matrix into a design matrix and a parameter matrix, while the main improvement in WE-ASCA is to implement the weighted-effect (WE) coding in the design matrix. This WE-coding introduces a unique solution to solve GLMs and satisfies a constrain in which the sum of all level effects of a categorical variable equal to zero. To assess the WE-ASCA performance, two applications were demonstrated using a biomedical Raman spectral data set consisting of mice colorectal tissue. The results revealed that WE-ASCA is ideally suitable for analyzing unbalanced designs. Furthermore, if WE-ASCA is applied as a preprocessing tool, the classification performance and its reproducibility can significantly improve.
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Harris, John, and Matthew Speicher. "Assessment of Performance-Based Seismic Design Methods in ASCE 41 for New Steel Buildings: Special Moment Frames." Earthquake Spectra 34, no. 3 (August 2018): 977–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/050117eqs079ep.
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This paper presents the results of a study investigating the correlation between the anticipated seismic performance of an ASCE 7 code-compliant steel building with special moment frames and its predicted performance as quantified using ASCE 41 analysis procedures and structural performance metrics. Analytical results based on component-level performances at the collapse prevention structural performance level indicate that special moment frames designed in accordance with ASCE 7, and its referenced standards, have difficulty satisfying the acceptance criteria in ASCE 41 for an existing building intended to be equivalent to a new building.
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Hu, Lei, He Gao Wu, Chang Zheng Shi, and Ying Han Xie. "Comparative Study on Design of Exposed Penstock Laid on Ground Using Chinese and American Specifications." Applied Mechanics and Materials 580-583 (July 2014): 2000–2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.580-583.2000.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, differences by using selected three typical specifications—DL/T 5141-2001 (Chinese), ASCE No.79 in the version of 1993(American) and ASCE No.79 in the version of 2012 (American)—in structural design of exposed steel penstock were explored. A practical example about exposed penstock laid on ground applied in hydropower station was also used to analyze specifications clearly. The result shows that the main differences between Chinese and American specifications are allowable stress and load combination. The former is direct factor of calculating exposed penstock shell thickness. Therefore, ASCE No.79 (2012) designs the minimum wall thickness, followed by DL/T 5141-2001 and the last is ASCE No.79 (1993), which is correspondingly contrary to sort by allowable stress. Basically, ASCE No.79 (2012) defines lower safety coefficient for exposed penstock, which is identical with authoritative rules of pressure vessels in the U.S.A and EU. The safety of DL/T 5141-2001 has been proved via rich engineering experience and this specification is recommended for Chinese projects. Besides, ASCE No.79 (2012) is recommended.
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Jaskowski, Troy D., Christine M. Litwin, and Harry R. Hill. "Analysis of Serum Antibodies in Patients Suspected of Having Inflammatory Bowel Disease." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 13, no. 6 (June 2006): 655–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00034-06.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is the general term used for a heterogeneous group of intestinal disorders, including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Serological markers such as anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA) and atypical perinuclear antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (atypical pANCA) have proven useful in the diagnosis and differentiation of CD and UC. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibody directed against the outer membrane protein C (OmpC) of Escherichia coli is said by one group to have clinical utility in diagnosing IBD, specifically in ASCA-negative CD patients. Our objective in this study was to compare the results obtained from two separate laboratories offering similar IBD tests using sera from suspected IBD patients. One hundred ninety-seven sera received for IBD testing were included in the study. The agreement between the two laboratories was 93.4% for ASCA IgA, 90.9% for ASCA IgG, and 87.8% for atypical pANCA IgG. There were 25 sera with ASCA-negative/OmpC-positive results reported by one laboratory. Thirteen of these 25 (52.0%) ASCA-negative/OmpC-positive sera were also atypical pANCA positive (9 as determined by both laboratories, 3 by one, and 1 by the other). Atypical pANCA antibody is found primarily in IBD patients with UC and colon-limited CD (Crohn's colitis). We conclude that the ASCA and atypical pANCA assays showed good agreement between the two laboratories, but the data for ASCA-negative/OmpC-positive sera suggest that many (52.0%) of these patients were more likely to have had UC or Crohn's colitis based on the presence of an atypical pANCA.
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Albergel, C., C. Rüdiger, D. Carrer, J. C. Calvet, N. Fritz, V. Naeimi, Z. Bartalis, and S. Hasenauer. "An evaluation of ASCAT surface soil moisture products with in-situ observations in Southwestern France." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 13, no. 2 (February 4, 2009): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-115-2009.
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Abstract. A long term data acquisition effort of profile soil moisture is currently underway at 13 automatic weather stations located in Southwestern France. In this study, the soil moisture measured in-situ at 5 cm is used to evaluate the normalised surface soil moisture (SSM) estimates derived from coarse-resolution (25 km) active microwave data of the ASCAT scatterometer instrument (onboard METOP), issued by EUMETSAT for a period of 6 months (April–September) in 2007. The seasonal trend is removed from the satellite and in-situ time series by considering scaled anomalies. One station (Mouthoumet) of the ground network, located in a mountainous area, is removed from the analysis as very few ASCAT SSM estimates are available. No correlation is found for the station of Narbonne, which is close to the Mediterranean sea. On the other hand, nine stations present significant correlation levels. For two stations, a significant correlation is obtained when considering only part of the ASCAT data. The soil moisture measured in-situ at those stations, at 30 cm, is used to estimate the characteristic time length (T) of an exponential filter applied to the ASCAT product. The best correlation between a soil water index derived from ASCAT and the in-situ soil moisture observations at 30 cm is obtained with a T-value of 14 days.
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Anjum, Muhammad Naveed, Muhammad Irfan, Muhammad Waseem, Megersa Kebede Leta, Usama Muhammad Niazi, Saif ur Rahman, Abdulnoor Ghanim, Muhammad Ahsan Mukhtar, and Muhammad Umer Nadeem. "Assessment of PERSIANN-CCS, PERSIANN-CDR, SM2RAIN-ASCAT, and CHIRPS-2.0 Rainfall Products over a Semi-Arid Subtropical Climatic Region." Water 14, no. 2 (January 7, 2022): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14020147.
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This study compares the performance of four satellite-based rainfall products (SRPs) (PERSIANN-CCS, PERSIANN-CDR, SM2RAIN-ASCAT, and CHIRPS-2.0) in a semi-arid subtropical region. As a case study, Punjab Province of Pakistan was considered for this assessment. Using observations from in-situ meteorological stations, the uncertainty in daily, monthly, seasonal, and annual rainfall estimates of SRPs at pixel and regional scales during 2010–2018 were examined. Several evaluation indices (Correlation Coefficient (CC), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Bias, and relative Bias (rBias), as well as categorical indices (Probability of Detection (POD), Critical Success Index (CSI), and False Alarm Ration (FAR)) were used to assess the performance of the SRPs. The following findings were found: (1) CHIRPS-2.0 and SM2RAIN-ASCAT products were capable of tracking the spatiotemporal variability of observed rainfall, (2) all SRPs had higher overall performances in the northwestern parts of the province than the other parts, (3) all SRP estimates were in better agreement with ground-based monthly observations than daily records, and (4) on the seasonal scale, CHIRPS-2.0 and SM2RAIN-ASCAT were better than PERSIANN-CCS and PERSIANN. In all seasons, CHIRPS-2.0 and SM2RAIN-ASCAT outperformed PERSIANN-CCS and PERSIANN-CDR. Based on our findings, we recommend that hydrometeorological investigations in Pakistan’s Punjab Province employ monthly estimates of CHIRPS-2.0 and SM2RAIN-ASCAT products.
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Brocca, Luca, Paolo Filippucci, Sebastian Hahn, Luca Ciabatta, Christian Massari, Stefania Camici, Lothar Schüller, Bojan Bojkov, and Wolfgang Wagner. "SM2RAIN–ASCAT (2007–2018): global daily satellite rainfall data from ASCAT soil moisture observations." Earth System Science Data 11, no. 4 (October 22, 2019): 1583–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-1583-2019.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. Long-term gridded precipitation products are crucial for several applications in hydrology, agriculture and climate sciences. Currently available precipitation products suffer from space and time inconsistency due to the non-uniform density of ground networks and the difficulties in merging multiple satellite sensors. The recent “bottom-up” approach that exploits satellite soil moisture observations for estimating rainfall through the SM2RAIN (Soil Moisture to Rain) algorithm is suited to build a consistent rainfall data record as a single polar orbiting satellite sensor is used. Here we exploit the Advanced SCATterometer (ASCAT) on board three Meteorological Operational (MetOp) satellites, launched in 2006, 2012, and 2018, as part of the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) Polar System programme. The continuity of the scatterometer sensor is ensured until the mid-2040s through the MetOp Second Generation Programme. Therefore, by applying the SM2RAIN algorithm to ASCAT soil moisture observations, a long-term rainfall data record will be obtained, starting in 2007 and lasting until the mid-2040s. The paper describes the recent improvements in data pre-processing, SM2RAIN algorithm formulation, and data post-processing for obtaining the SM2RAIN–ASCAT quasi-global (only over land) daily rainfall data record at a 12.5 km spatial sampling from 2007 to 2018. The quality of the SM2RAIN–ASCAT data record is assessed on a regional scale through comparison with high-quality ground networks in Europe, the United States, India, and Australia. Moreover, an assessment on a global scale is provided by using the triple-collocation (TC) technique allowing us also to compare these data with the latest, fifth-generation European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis (ERA5), the Early Run version of the Integrated Multi-Satellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG), and the gauge-based Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) products. Results show that the SM2RAIN–ASCAT rainfall data record performs relatively well at both a regional and global scale, mainly in terms of root mean square error (RMSE) when compared to other products. Specifically, the SM2RAIN–ASCAT data record provides performance better than IMERG and GPCC in data-scarce regions of the world, such as Africa and South America. In these areas, we expect larger benefits in using SM2RAIN–ASCAT for hydrological and agricultural applications. The limitations of the SM2RAIN–ASCAT data record consist of the underestimation of peak rainfall events and the presence of spurious rainfall events due to high-frequency soil moisture fluctuations that might be corrected in the future with more advanced bias correction techniques. The SM2RAIN–ASCAT data record is freely available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3405563 (Brocca et al., 2019) (recently extended to the end of August 2019).
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Morris, Leslie R. "ASCAP, BMI and Libraries." Journal of Interlibrary Loan, Document Delivery & Information Supply 12, no. 4 (July 31, 2002): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j110v12n04_02.
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Dubiel, Helmut. "Marcuses Asche. Ein Essay." Leviathan 38, no. 2 (June 2010): 269–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11578-010-0077-7.
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Bauer, Ute Christina. "Phönix aus der Asche." Standort 43, no. 3 (August 9, 2019): 154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00548-019-00616-y.
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Orth, Andreas, Tanja Schaaf, and Julian Ulbrich. "Phosphor aus der Asche." ENTSORGA-Magazin 40, no. 2 (2021): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/0933-3754-2021-2-042.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Der kritische Rohstoff Phosphor soll in Deutschland künftig aus dem Abwasserstrom zurückgewonnen werden, während sich gleichzeitig die Monoverbrennung für viele Klärschlämme als einziger Entsorgungsweg abzeichnet. Mit einem neuen thermochemischen Prozess können die Aschen aus diesen Anlagen zu einem nachhaltigen und hochwirksamen Phosphordünger umgewandelt werden.
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Park, Sung-Hwan, Jeseon Yoo, Donghwi Son, Jinah Kim, and Hyung-Sup Jung. "Improved Calibration of Wind Estimates from Advanced Scatterometer MetOp-B in Korean Seas Using Deep Neural Network." Remote Sensing 13, no. 20 (October 18, 2021): 4164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13204164.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Satellite-based observations of sea wind are useful for forecasting marine weather and performing marine disaster management. Meteorological Operational Satellite-B (MetOp-B) is one of the satellites that provide wind products through a scatterometer named the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT). Since the linear regression method has been conventionally employed for calibrating remotely-sensed wind data, deviations and biases remain un-resolved to some degree. For coastal applications, these remotely-sensed wind data need to be calibrated again using local in-situ measurements in order to provide more accurate and realistic information. Thus, this study proposed a new method to calibrate ASCAT-based wind speed estimates using artificial neural networks. Herein, a deep neural network (DNN) model was applied. Wind databases collected during a period from 2012 to 2019 by the MetOp-B ASCAT and ten buoy stations in Korean seas were considered for deep learning-based calibration. ASCAT-based wind data and in-situ measurements were collocated in space and time. They were then separated into training and validation sets. A DNN model was designed and trained using multiple input variables such as observation location, sensing date and time, wind speed, and wind direction of the training set. The DNN-based best fit calibration model was evaluated using the validation set. The mean of biases between ASCAT-based and in-situ wind speeds was found to be decreased from 0.41 to 0.05 m/s on average for all buoy locations. The root mean squared error (RMSE) of wind speed was reduced from 1.38 m/s to 0.93 m/s. Moreover, the DNN-based calibration considerably improved the quality of wind speeds of less than 4 m/s, and of high wind speeds of 11–25 m/s. These results suggest that ASCAT-based observations can accurately represent real wind fields if a DNN-based calibration approach is applied.
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Wright, Ethan E., Mark A. Bourassa, Ad Stoffelen, and Jean-Raymond Bidlot. "Characterizing Buoy Wind Speed Error in High Winds and Varying Sea State with ASCAT and ERA5." Remote Sensing 13, no. 22 (November 12, 2021): 4558. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13224558.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Buoys provide key observations of wind speed over the ocean and are routinely used as a source of validation data for satellite wind products. However, the movement of buoys in high seas and the airflow over waves might cause inaccurate readings, raising concern when buoys are used as a source of wind speed comparison data. The relative accuracy of buoy winds is quantified through a triple collocation (TC) exercise comparing buoy winds to winds from ASCAT and ERA5. Differences between calibrated buoy winds and ASCAT are analyzed through separating the residuals by anemometer height and testing under high wind-wave and swell conditions. First, we converted buoy winds measured near 3, 4, and 5 m to stress-equivalent winds at 10 m (U10S). Buoy U10S from anemometers near 3 m compared notably lower than buoy U10S from anemometers near 4 and 5 m, illustrating the importance of buoy choice in comparisons with remote sensing data. Using TC calibration of buoy U10S to ASCAT in pure wind-wave conditions, we found that there was a small, but statistically significant difference between height adjusted buoy winds from buoys with 4 and 5 m anemometers compared to the same ASCAT wind speed ranges in high seas. However, this result does not follow conventional arguments for wave sheltering of buoy winds, whereby the lower anemometer height winds are distorted more than the higher anemometer height winds in high winds and high seas. We concluded that wave sheltering is not significantly affecting the winds from buoys between 4 and 5 m with high confidence for winds under 18 ms−1. Further differences between buoy U10S and ASCAT winds are observed in high swell conditions, motivating the need to consider the possible effects of sea state on ASCAT winds.
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Burkhoff, D., R. Kalil-Filho, and G. Gerstenblith. "Oxygen consumption is less in rat hearts arrested by low calcium than by high potassium at fixed flow." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 259, no. 4 (October 1, 1990): H1142—H1147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1990.259.4.h1142.
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The purpose of the present study was to determine whether myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2) differs when the heart is arrested by hyperkalemic arresting solution (ASK) or by hypocalcemic arresting solution (ASCa) when coronary flow is maintained constant. MVO2 was measured in 12 isolated, Langendorff-perfused rat hearts alternately perfused with ASK (20 mM K+ and 1.5 mM Ca2+) and ASCa (5 mM K+ and 0.08 mM Ca2+). Six of the hearts were perfused with ASK for 10 min, ASCa for 5 min, ASK for a second 5 min, and finally ASCa for 5 min; ASCa and ASK were opposite in this sequence for the other six hearts. Measurements of MVO2 during ASK and ASCa arrest, taken at the end of each perfusion period, were analyzed to distinguish the independent influences of time and perfusate composition on MVO2 in the arrested hearts (analysis of covariance). Consistent with previous findings, MVO2 decreased with time after the onset of cardiac arrest with both solutions. The average per minute fall was 0.0003 ml O2.min-1.g-1 (P less than 0.01). However, at any given time after arrest, MVO2 averaged 0.004 ml.min-1.g-1 less during ASCa arrest than during ASK arrest (P less than 0.01), which amounted to a 15% reduction in MVO2. To test whether the increased MVO2 during hyperkalemic arrest was dependent on calcium in the perfusion medium, a third series of six hearts was studied in which MVO2 values measured during ASCa and ASK arrest were compared with those measured during arrest by hyperkalemic-hypocalcemic solution (ASK,Ca: 20 mM K+, 0.08 mM Ca2+).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Ishida, Manabu, Ryuichi Fujimoto, and Keiichi Matsuzaki. "ASCA Observations of Cataclysmic Variables." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 158 (1996): 259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100038823.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ASCA has observed ~20 cataclysmic variables since launch. In this review, we present the current status of ASCA observations of CVs and scientific results. In Sect. 2, we introduce the scientific instruments of ASCA, and show the list of CVs observed so far. Data analysis and results on magnetic and non-magnetic CVs are described in Sect. 3 and 4, respectively. In Sect. 5, we make a brief summary.
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Huang, C. P. "ASCE Reviewer Form." Journal of Environmental Engineering 115, no. 6 (December 1989): 1287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(1989)115:6(1287).
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White, N. E. "Results from ASCA." Advances in Space Research 16, no. 3 (January 1995): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(95)00040-l.
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Lang, Timothy J. "Comparing Winds near Tropical Oceanic Precipitation Systems with and without Lightning." Remote Sensing 12, no. 23 (December 4, 2020): 3968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12233968.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In order to examine how robust updraft strength and ice-based microphysical processes aloft in storms may affect convective outflows near the surface, ocean winds were compared between tropical maritime precipitation systems with and without lightning. The analysis focused on Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) specular point tracks, using straightforward spatiotemporal matching criteria to pair CYGNSS-measured wind speeds with satellite-based precipitation observations, Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) wind speeds, and lightning flash data from ground-based and space-based sensors. Based on the results, thunderstorms over the tropical oceans are associated with significantly heavier rain rates (~200% greater) than non-thunderstorms. However, wind speeds near either type of precipitation system do not differ much (~0.5 m s−1 or less). Moreover, the sign of the difference depends on the wind instrument used, with CYGNSS suggesting non-thunderstorm winds are slightly stronger, while ASCAT suggests the opposite. These observed wind differences are likely related to lingering uncertainties between CYGNSS and ASCAT measurements in precipitation. However, both CYGNSS and ASCAT observe winds near precipitation (whether lightning-producing or not) to be stronger than background winds by at least 1 m s−1.
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Naeimi, Vahid, Zoltan Bartalis, and Wolfgang Wagner. "ASCAT Soil Moisture: An Assessment of the Data Quality and Consistency with the ERS Scatterometer Heritage." Journal of Hydrometeorology 10, no. 2 (April 1, 2009): 555–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jhm1051.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract This article presents a first comparison between remotely sensed surface soil moisture retrieved with the European Remote Sensing Satellite-2 (ERS-2) scatterometer (SCAT) and the corresponding product provided by the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) on board Meteorological Operation satellite (MetOp), the first of a series of three satellites providing, among other things, continuity of global soil moisture observations using active microwave techniques for the next 15 yr. Three months of collocated 2007 data were used from the SCAT and ASCAT, limited to two study regions with different land cover composition. The result of the assessment is satisfactory and ensures consistency of migrating soil moisture retrieval from the long-term SCAT dataset to ASCAT measurements. The influence of a shift of observation incidence angle ranges between the two instrument generations was not found to be significant for the soil moisture retrieval. The correlation coefficients (R) between two relative soil moisture (normalized water content) datasets compared in different incidence angle ranges are around 0.90 with root-mean-square error (RMSE) values in the order of 8.5. Results are expected to improve slightly further once the calibration of the ASCAT instrument is finalized.
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Alomair, Abdullatif, Ayman Alswayeh, Abrar Alhazmi, Abdullah Alshammari, Salma Alsaffar, Abrar Falamarzi, Moath Alothman, Lujain Rayes, Mohammed Alkhathami, and Ali Alhamidah. "Intestinal inflammation markers in inflammatory bowel disease." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 3 (February 24, 2018): 829. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20180401.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
During the past few decades, extensive researches were conducted to identify serological markers in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that can reliably diagnose and monitor disease activity and help in predicting relapses. To date, several serological markers have been identified. This review will address the different serological markers and their clinical significance and applicability in medical practice. Serological markers include antibodies against microbial antigens, peptide antigens, autoantibodies, and basic inflammatory markers. Some serological markers such as anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA) and antibodies against exocrine pancreas (PAB) help the confirmation of the diagnosis of IBD to differentiate it from other non-IBD. Perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCA) and ASCA can distinguish Chron’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Certain markers can aid stratification of Chron’s disease including antibodies to Pseudomonas fluorescens associated sequence I2 (Anti-I2), antibodies to bacterial flagellin (Anti-CBir1), ASCA, and antibodies to outer membrane porin C (Anti-OmpC). ASCA and pANCA can predict disease response to therapeutic agents (e.g. Infliximab). ASCA can also unaffected family members at risk of developing Chron’s disease.
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Viitasalo, Liisa, Sari Iltanen, Heini Huhtala, Päivi Saavalainen, Katri Kaukinen, Katri Lindfors, and Kalle Kurppa. "First-degree Relatives of Celiac Disease Patients Have Increased Seroreactivity to Serum Microbial Markers." Nutrients 12, no. 4 (April 13, 2020): 1073. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12041073.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Risk of celiac disease (CD) is increased in relatives of CD patients due to genetic and possible environmental factors. We recently reported increased seropositivity to anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCA), Pseudomonas fluorescens-associated sequence (anti-I2) and Bacteroides caccae TonB-linked outer membrane protein (anti-OmpW) antibodies in CD. We hypothesized these markers also to be overrepresented in relatives. Seropositivity and levels of ASCA, anti-I2 and anti-OmpW were compared between 463 first-degree relatives, 58 untreated and 55 treated CD patients, and 80 controls. CD-associated human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-haplotypes and transglutaminase (tTGab) and endomysium (EmA) antibodies were determined. One or more of the microbial antibodies was present in 75% of relatives, 97% of untreated and 87% of treated CD patients and 44% of the controls. The relatives had higher median ASCA IgA (9.13 vs. 4.50 U/mL, p < 0.001), ASCA IgG (8.91 vs. 5.75 U/mL, p < 0.001) and anti-I2 (absorbance 0.74 vs. 0.32, p < 0.001) levels than controls. There was a weak, positive correlation between tTGab and ASCA (r = 0.31, p < 0.001). Seropositivity was not significantly associated with HLA. To conclude, seropositivity to microbial markers was more common and ASCA and anti-I2 levels higher in relatives of CD patients than controls. These findings were not associated with HLA, suggesting the role of other genetic and environmental factors.
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Becker, Christian, and Jule Martenson. "Asche zu Asche, Staub zu Staub – Wortlaut, möglicher Wortsinn und Sprachspielabhängigkeit von Bedeutung." JuristenZeitung 71, no. 15-16 (2016): 779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1628/002268816x14619159919741.
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Kaila, Brinderjit, Kenneth Orr, and Charles N. Bernstein. "The Anti-Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Antibody Assay in a Province-Wide Practice: Accurate in Identifying Cases of Crohn’s Disease and Predicting Inflammatory Disease." Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 19, no. 12 (2005): 717–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2005/147681.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
OBJECTIVE: To determine the utility of the anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody (ASCA) ELISA test developed in Manitoba in 2001 in a population-wide sample referred from physicians across Manitoba in their investigation of patients with gastrointestinal symptoms.METHODS: Patients whose serum was referred for ASCA testing in 2001 and 2002 were eligible for the present study. ELISA was performed by a technologist, blind to patient diagnoses. A single investigator contacted physicians to facilitate chart review. Data collected included demographics, final diagnoses and tests used to substantiate the final diagnosis.RESULTS: Of 482 subjects identified, 410 charts were available for review and 29 of those were unavailable for follow-up or had incomplete charts. The present study population included Crohn's disease (CD, n=114), ulcerative colitis (n=74), indeterminate colitis (n=31), celiac disease (n=9), irritable bowel syndrome (n=75), other diagnoses (n=33) and no disease (n=45). ASCA had a sensitivity of 37% (95% CI 27.8 to 46.8) and specificity of 97% (95% CI 93.8 to 98.6) for diagnosing CD and an odds ratio for a diagnosis of CD of 18.4 (95% CI 8.2 to 41.3). The 47 ASCA-positive patients included the following diagnoses: CD=39, ulcerative colitis=3, indeterminate colitis=1, celiac disease=3 and no disease=1. The likelihood of having an inflammatory disease if ASCA is positive was nearly 40-fold.CONCLUSION: A positive ASCA test using this assay nearly clinches a diagnosis of some form of inflammatory intestinal disease, which is highly likely to be CD. In symptomatic patients, a positive ASCA test should encourage the clinician to pursue further investigations
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LIU, SHI-LIANG, FANG WU, and SHUANG-HUI HE. "Lindtneria asiae-orientalis sp. nov. (Stephanosporaceae, Basidiomycota) from China based on morphological and molecular characters." Phytotaxa 260, no. 3 (May 13, 2016): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.260.3.8.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Lindtneria asiae-orientalis sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Heilongjiang Province, northeastern China. This fungus is characterized by buff-yellow to orange-yellow poroid hymenophores, septate generative hyphae with or without clamps, and relatively small ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid basidiospores (5.8–7 × 4.7–5.2 µm). Phylogenetic analyses based on three rDNA gene regions (ITS, nLSU and tef1-α) support Lindtneria asiae-orientalis as a distinct species within the family Stephanosporaceae.