Дисертації з теми "Army of the Pyrenees"
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1
Baills, Henry. "Le neolithique des pyrenees roussillonnaises." Paris, EHESS, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991EHES0303.
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2
Adam, Claire Reid. "Geophysical investigations of the Western Pyrenees." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357133.
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3
Gilbert, Jennie S. "Late-Hercynian volcanism of the Pyrenees." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302843.
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4
Condado, Madera Emilio. "Les espagnols et les Cent Mille Fils de Saint Louis à l’époque de l’expédition française de 1823 en Espagne." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AIXM0594.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
En 1823, l’intervention militaire de la France, agissant au nom de la Sainte-Alliance, met fin au régime constitutionnel et rétablit sur le trône Ferdinand VII. Cette nouvelle Guerre d’Espagne n’est pas sans susciter de fortes inquiétudes même chez ses plus fervents partisans : dix ans seulement après la désastreuse aventure napoléonienne dans la Péninsule, comment ces Espagnols qui s’étaient levés d’un commun accord contre l’Empereur réagiront-ils ? La haine des Français les poussera-t-elle à prendre de nouveau les armes et à mener cette terrible guérilla ayant fait tant de ravages dans les rangs français ? Pendant que le duc d’Angoulême progressera en Espagne, les journaux royalistes ne tariront pas d’éloges sur ces Français venus libérer leur roi et, leur attribuant toutes les qualités militaires et morales, chantent à l’envi l’entente plus que cordiale qui s’instaure immédiatement entre les sujets de Ferdinand VII et les soldats de Louis XVIII. Au-delà du discours reflété dans les déclarations officielles et la presse, où se situe la réalité ? Les Français exécrés lors du conflit antérieur ont-ils été véritablement accueillis en héros par les Espagnols? Les réactions de la Régence aux dispositions promulguées à Andujar par le duc d’Angoulême laissent deviner que l’entente entre les partisans de Ferdinand VII et le haut commandement français n’a sans doute pas été aussi cordiale qu’on a bien voulu le proclamer. Quant à la fraternisation des Espagnols avec les troupes françaises, a-t-elle été aussi effective qu’on l’a laissé entendre? C’est à toutes ces questions, parfois soulevées, mais jamais véritablement traitées par les historiens que cette thèse prétend répondreIn 1823, the military intervention of France, acting in the name of the Holy Alliance, put an end to the constitutional regime and re-established Ferdinand VII on the throne. From the outset, this new Spanish War was not without its strongest supporters : only ten years after Napoleon's disastrous adventure in the Peninsula, how would the Spaniards, who had risen up in unison against the Emperor, react? Would their Anti-French sentiment drive them to take up arms again and wage the terrible guerrilla warfare that had wreaked such havoc on the French ranks? While the Duke of Angouleme was making progress in Spain, the royalist newspapers were full of praise for these Frenchmen who had come to liberate their king and, attributing all the military and moral qualities to them, sang a more than cordial understanding that was immediately established between the subjects of Ferdinand VII and the soldiers of Louis XVIII. Beyond the rhetoric reflected in official statements and the press, what was the reality? Were the French, who had been hated in the previous conflict, really welcomed as heroes by the Spaniards? The reaction from the Regency to the provisions promulgated at Andujar by the Duke of Angouleme, suggests that the understanding between the supporters of Ferdinand VII and the French high command was probably not as cordial as it was made out to be. As for the fraternisation of the Spaniards with the French troops, was it as effective as it has been suggested? It is to all these questions, sometimes raised but never really treated by historians, that this thesis aims to answer
5
Garwin, L. J. "Fission track dating and tectonics in the Eastern Pyrenees." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373658.
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6
Etchelecou, André. "Demographie et amenagement de l'espace dans les pyrenees occidentales." Paris 8, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA080149.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
La societe coutumiere dans les pyrenees occidentales etait caracterisee par une forte organisation communautaire, par la primaute de la famille sur l'individu, par l'indivision et l'inalienabilite des biens de famille, par d'importants droits d'usages sur les terres collectives, par des relations privilegiees avec les pyreneens espagnols. L'espace avait une fonction preeminente qui conditionnait l'evolution du peuplement. L'etude des comportements demographiques (fecondite, nuptialite, mortalite, migrations) du xviiie a nos jours, traduit une transition demographique differentielle par rapport a la france, qui revele une resistance durable au changement structurel et culturel impose par la france, jusque vers 1960. Avec l'ere de l'amenagement du territoire pour l'economie touristique (apres 1960), la population paysanne est devenue minoritaire. L'espace est devenu un enjeu pour le pouvoir central, puis pour le pouvoir local avec la decentralisation, et un objet de conflits sur sa fonction (sociale, ecologique, economique). Plus qu'un lieu de travail, la montagne est aujourd'hui un lieu de residence et un lieu de loisirs. L'avenir doit etre envisage avec une double preoccupation: la rationalite dans la gestion economique, et la rationalite pour la preservation de la diversite biologique; ce qui implique des reformes du processus de decision pour l'amenagement de l'espaceThe country society in western pyrenees was characterized by a strong communal organization, by family primacy over person, by the coparcenary and inalienability of family's property, by importants rights of user over collectives lands, by preferential relations with spanish pyrenees. Space had a pre-eminent function from which depends the peopling evolution. The study of demographic behaviour (fecundity, marriage-rate, mortality, migrations) from xviiie till nowadays shows a differential demographic transition compared with france which reveals a lasting resistance to imposed cultural and structural change, until the end of 1960. With the territory development era for touristic economy (after 1960) country people is now a minority. The mountain space became a stake for head power, and then, with decentralization, for local power, and an object of conflicts about his fonction (social, ecologic and economic). More than a work place, to-day mountain is a place of abode and leisure. We must look at future with double cares: the rationality in economic administration and rationality for protection of biological diversity; which means reforms of process decision for space development
7
MILIAN, JOHAN. "PROTECTION DE LA NATURE ET DEVELOPPEMENT TERRITORIAL DANS LES PYRENEES." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009976.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A l'instar des autres massifs européens, les Pyrénées ont constitué un secteur privilégié pour l'application des générations successives de politiques de protection de la nature. La relation entre celle-ci et les fonctions sociales de la montagne, longtemps appréhendée suivant une lecture antithétique, a été en pratique diversifiée. Dans un contexte d'évolution marqué par l'héritage de la désindustrialisation, la recomposition des systèmes productifs pastoral et forestier et la croissance des économies locales touristiques, les acteurs publics ont progressivement investi la protection de la nature d'objectifs sociaux qui ont complexifié sa mise en œuvre. Elle a ainsi servi de support à la construction de stratégies de recomposition de l'action collective. Des problèmes de coordination et des conflits d'intérêts se posent cependant entre la prise en compte des enjeux écologiques et l'intégration de la protection de la nature à une logique fonctionnalisée de développement territorial.
8
Tempest, Simon Aaron. "Fluid-rock interaction in ductile shear zones, central-eastern Pyrenees." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303629.
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Pedley, Antony. "Eocene foreland basin carbonatae facies, the external Sierras, Spanish Pyrenees." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261690.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis explores the controls on carbonate platform formation in foreland basins through a study of the facies, and depositional architecture, of the Middle Eocene Guara Limestone Formation, from the External Sierras, Northern Spain. The Guara Limestone Formation formed in a ramp environment on the Iberian foreland margin of the South Pyrenean Foreland Basin. The facies are foraminifera and algal limestones, with minor shallow marine siliciclastics. A facies model has been erected indicating 19 facies, grouped into 6 facies associations. Using these facies and associations, the evolution of the platform has been studied. A progradational lime-mud and clastic rich lowstand systems tract marks the initiation of deposition, the lowstand systems tract being deposited during a period of low relative sea level rise. This is overlain by an aggradational and retrogradational, carbonate grain rich, transgressive systems tract. This was deposited as the rate of relative sea level rise increased. Parasequences have been redefined herein to allow successions of a similar stratigraphic hierarchy to be encompassed in the same name. The aggradational section of the platform containing both shallowing and deepening upward parasequences. The deepening upwards parasequences were created by base level rise driven by tectonic subsidence and eustatic sea level rise. The aggradational platform margin indicates that inner-ramp production, even with the absence of coral reefs, was able to keep pace with relative sea level rise. Relative sea level rise was sufficiently rapid to preclude the development of peritidal facies and evaporites, despite suitable arid climatic conditions. Platform retrogradation, in the late transgressive systems tract, and eventual drowning, was caused by a further increase in the rate of relative sea level rise. This was created by an increase in the rate of foreland subsidence due to the formation of antiformal stacks in the Pyrenean Axial Zone to the north. Following drowning, a progradational, clastic and lime-mud rich highstand systems tract developed. Initially the rate of relative sea level rise was rapid during the highstand systems tract, this rate probably decreasing as the sequence boundary is approached. The observed increase through time of the rate of tectonic subsidence is typical of foreland basins, and is in contrast to the exponential decay of subsidence seen in passive margins. A number of other controls can be seen to have affected the Guara Limestone Formation ramp. These may affect any carbonate system; though some may be favoured specifically in foreland basin settings. Tidal action formed a series of grainstones shoals at the shelf margin, tidal effects may be favoured in narrow foreland basins due to tidal amplification, and also the limitation of wave and storm effects due to a restricted fetch. The basin was well circulated, with effective exchange between basin and platform, and salinity was normal to possibly slightly lower than normal. The biota displays a chlorozoan assemblage, but is depleted in corals due to their global decline at this time. Sediment and nutrient input onto the platform was low, leading to a resource limited environment favouring the development of large benthic foraminifera. Localised tectonics, in the form of small scale folding, produced a series of marked effects on the platform, these include: the generation of angular local unconformities, and a variation and narrowing of biofacies belts. In summary, foreland basins may display a complicated interaction between eustatic sea level variation and tectonic subsidence. In contrast to other basin types, this tectonic subsidence increases through time until eventual uplift. This provides a dominant control on the stratal architectures observed. This thesis illustrates, therefore, the potential of the use of such detailed facies and platform models to elucidate both the local, and the regional scale, controls on platform development and basin evolution.
10
Moss, Jamie. "Tectonic controls on Eocene deltaic architecture, Jaca Basin, Spanish Pyrenees." Thesis, Durham University, 2005. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3730/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Jaca Basin lies to the south of the Pyrenean mountain chain, in Spain, and was formed by the Late Cretaceous and Tertiary convergence between the Iberian and European tectonic plates. During the Bartonian (Middle Eocene), sediment flux from the uplifting Pyrenees was deposited in this basin as the Belsué-Atarés Fm. deltaic system. At the same time, southward propagation of deformation from the orogen created a number of emergent thrusts and thrust-related anticlines along the margins of the basin and within the basin itself. The effect that the growth of these kilometre-scale structures had on the coeval marine depositional systems is the focus of this work. Although the effects that uplifting intrabasinal structures have on fluvial systems and the effects that basin margin structures have on marine systems are well covered in the literature, the influence of intrabasinal compressive structures on coeval marine sedimentation has been largely neglected. By undertaking detailed fades, palaeocurrent and compositional analysis of the Belsué-Atarés Fm. deltaics across the Jaca Basin, it has been found that local tectonics had the strongest control on the marine sedimentation. The structurally defined basin margins largely acted as barriers to external depositional systems, causing large parts of the basin to be dominated by marl deposition. However, a total of four structurally controlled low points through the northern and southern basin margins allowed the entry of large volumes of Pyrenean axial zone sediments, beginning at 41.5 Ma. These were composed of silts, sands and pebbles, and formed the axial deltaic system. Once in the basin, a total of ten, kilometre-scale, growing thrust-related anticlines acted as barriers to the progradation of the axial system, causing facies associations to vertically aggrade behind each structure. At 37.5 Ma, after 4 Myr of vertical aggradation, a basin-wide fall in relative sea-level allowed the facies associations to rapidly prograde, breaching the crests of each of the barrier anticlines. The principal controls on the distribution of facies associations through time (sequence development) in the Jaca Basin were therefore local tectonic ones, with relative sea-level being secondary. This finding calls into question the work of the few existing studies into marine intrabasinal growth structures, which tended to use passive margin sequence stratigraphic concepts i.e. assume that relative sea-level was the primary control on sequences. The development of new techniques, such as numerical modelling, is needed before these types of complex geological situations can be fully understood. The results of this work will be of great relevance to basin dynamics and fold kinematics studies, and for hydrocarbon exploration in thrust-top basin settings.
11
Evans, Neil Gavin. "Deformation during the emplacement of the Maladeta granodiorite, Spanish Pyrenees." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1993. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.699799.
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12
GARCONNAT, MARTINE. "Catastrophes et secours dans un departement de midi-pyrenees : l'ariege." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU31035.
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13
Roche, Philippe. "Etat du secours en montagne sur la chaine des pyrenees." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU31140.
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14
Delvolvé, Jean-Jacques. "Un bassin synorogenique varisque : le culm des pyrenees centro-occidentales." Toulouse 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU30096.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cette etude a pour but de reconstituer l'histoire du bassin carbonifere antevarisque (culm) des pyrenees du centre ouest. L'etude stratigraphique montre l'age de plus en plus jeune du culm et de la base du culm quand on se deplace vers l'ouest: les manifestations de l'orogenese varisque ne sont donc pas isochrones mais progressent vers l'ouest du namurien basal au westphalien a superieur. L'etude sedimentologique met en evidence des facies a caracteres gravitaires de type cone sous-marin profond. Les sequences sedimentaires observees traduisent une dynamique caracteristique d'un bassin syntectonique en voie de serrage. La phase paroxismale se situe dans l'intervalle westphalien b et c
15
Baetens, Eric. "L'environnement geologique du gisement de tungstene de costabonne (pyrenees catalanes)." Paris, ENMP, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ENMP0157.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
L'etude cartographique et lithostratigraphique de la serie de conaveilles ou est situe le gisement de tungstene de costabonne permet de preciser la constitution du marbre de base, hote de la mineralisation. La tectonique cassante et l'aureole de contact du metamorphisme regional sont rapportees aux variations de facies et expliquent la plupart des structures cartographiques
16
Vaccaro, Ribó Ismael. "The polysemous valley : modernity and landscape politics in the Catalan Pyrenees /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6538.
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17
Améztegui, González Aitor. "Forest dynamics at the montane-subalpine ecotone in the Eastern Pyrenees." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/123778.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
L’objectiu principal d’aquesta tesi és avançar en la comprensió de la dinàmica dels boscos mixtos de coníferes de l’ecotò que conformen els estatges montà i subalpí del Pirineu català. Es pretén, en primer lloc, identificar els principals factors ambientals que controlen la dinàmica d’aquestes comunitats per, posteriorment, avaluar com afectaran els canvis que es preveuen en aquests factors a la seva composició i estructura futura. Per assolir aquests objectius, la tesi utilitza diverses aproximacions a diferents escales espacials. Es va detectar que tant els canvis d’usos del sol com el clima, la disponibilitat de llum, la fisiografia i les interaccions planta-planta (competitives o de facilitació) són actors importants per al futur d’aquests boscos. Finalment, es va utilitzar un model de dinàmica forestal espacialment explícit (SORTIE-ND) per tal de simular l’evolució dels boscos objecte d’estudi d’aquesta tesi. Els resultats de les simulacions prediuen un futur canvi en la composició d'aquests boscos, ja que tant A. alba com P. sylvestris podrien trobar condicions adequades per colonitzar àrees actualment ocupades per P. uncinata a causa, respectivament, de la progressiva densificació del bosc i d’un major creixement relacionat amb un augment de les temperatures, respectivament.El objetivo último de esta tesis es comprender mejor la dinámica de los bosques mixtos de coníferas del ecotono entre los pisos montano y subalpino del Pirineo. Se pretende, en primer lugar, identificar los principales factores ambientales que controlan la dinámica de estas comunidades para, posteriormente, evaluar cómo afectará a su composición y estructura futuras los cambios en dichos factores. Para todo ello, se ha utilizado una aproximación a diferentes escalas espaciales. Se pudo detectar que tanto los cambios de uso del suelo como el clima, la disponibilidad de luz, la fisiografía y las interacciones planta-planta (competitivas o de facilitación) resultaron ser actores importantes para el futuro de estos bosques. Finalmente, se utilizó un modelo de dinámica forestal espacialmente explícito (SORTIE-ND) con el fin de simular la evolución de los bosques objeto de estudio de esta tesis. Los resultados de las simulaciones predicen un futuro cambio en la composición de estos bosques, ya que tanto A. alba como P. sylvestris podrían encontrar condiciones adecuadas para colonizar áreas actualmente ocupadas por P. uncinata, debido a la densificación del bosque o a un mayor crecimiento relacionado con un aumento de las temperaturas, respectivamente.
The main objective of this thesis is to gain a better understanding of the dynamics of mixed-conifer forests constituting the montane-subalpine ecotone of the Pyrenees. For this, we identified the main environmental factors that drive the dynamics of these communities to then assess how changes in these factors may affect their future structure and composition. This work was done using a multiscale approach that allowed detecting the key factors determining the dynamics of these systems across different biological scales. We have found land-use changes, climate, light availability, physiography and competitive and facilitative plant-plant interactions to be important actors in the fate of these forests. Finally, we used an individual-based, spatially-explicit model of forest dynamics (SORTIE-ND) in order to simulate the future dynamics of the studied forests. The results of the simulations support the predictions of future biome changes in the Pyrenean subalpine forests, since A. alba and P. sylvestris may find appropriate conditions for colonizing mountain pine dominated stands due to land-use change-related forest densification and climate warming, respectively.
18
Bayliss, N. J. "Architecture and processes of deep-marine sandbodies, Ainsa basin, Spanish Pyrenees." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1317727/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The integration of sedimentology, architectural element analysis and stratigraphy has been applied to characterise the complex depositional history of the Ainsa basin fill, and document the evolution of the proximal parts of eight, channelised deep-marine systems of the Hecho Group. The Eocene Ainsa basin provides an opportunity to research three-dimensional organisation through an entire deep-marine slope to proximal basin-floor fill, and records a range of depositional processes and sedimentary environments in a spatio-temporal framework. The Hecho Group can be divided into two tectono-sequences, TS-I and TS-II. TS-I accumulated during a period of strong flexural subsidence ahead of the main thrust front during a foredeep setting, whereas TS-II represents a more mature stage of basin development, characterised by anticlinal uplift as the basin became detached and evolved into a complex thrust-top basin. Four discrete systems and their constituent sandy sequences compose each tectono-sequence. The sequences comprising TS-I show very little lateral migration due to high basin-scale accommodation; however, westward lateral offset stacking is observed in the sandy sequences of TS-II due to the development of intrabasinal growth anticlines. These structurally controlled trends demonstrate that the timing of tectonic processes operated at frequencies consistent with the accumulation of the depositional systems. Depositional systems range between ~60–700 m thick, and were deposited in a number of deep-marine settings that include mid-slope canyons, lower-slope erosional channels and proximal basin-floor channel systems. Temporal variation in depositional style and architecture between systems reflects the tectonic regimes operating during the accumulation of the tectono-sequences. Alternatively, the 22 sandy sequences were controlled by the ~400 kyr Milankovitch frequency with higher-frequency orbital bands influencing the accumulation of channel complexes and channel fill elements. An important outcome of this study is the recognition of a complex hierarchical interaction between global climatic and tectonic drivers, operating at a variety of time scales to control the timing of coarse clastic sediment supply and the architectural styles of depositional systems.
19
Jolley, E. J. "Thrust tectonics and alluvial architecture of the Jaca Basin, Southern Pyrenees." Thesis, Bucks New University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234895.
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20
Jones, Stuart Jason. "The evolution of alluvial systems in the south central Pyrenees, Spain." Thesis, University of Reading, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301956.
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21
Bates, M. P. "Palaeomagnetic studies of fold and thrust geometry in the Southern Pyrenees." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379634.
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22
Gibson, Roger Lawrence. "The tectonic and thermal evolution of the Canigou Massif, Eastern Pyrenees." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316777.
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23
Grant, Neil T. "Deformation and fluid processes in thrust sheets from the central Pyrenees." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1989. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2210/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Deformation and fluid processes in thrust sheets are studied using a small thrust system n the footwall of the Gavarnle Thrust, central Pyrenees. This system comprises a set of blind thrusts that Imbricate a thin Mesozoic cover succession (Triassic red beds and Upper Cretaceous limestone) in the Cirque de Barroude and produce a culmination in the Gavamle Thrust. An Intense cleavage developed within the culmination associated with the oblique tipping of thrusts as they climb from the basement into the cover strata. The distributed strain associated with the fault tips locally reactivated earlier folded thrusts by the development of upper strain detachments. The main detachment occurred along the Pic de Port Vieux thrust which forms the roof of the culmination. The reactivation occurred along the back-limbs of folds in the thrust and produced faults that cut across the fold crests. The movement on these upper strain detachments was intermittent and the faults were gently folded when inactive. The faults that formed within the zone of distributed strain are discontinuous and their development did not conform to foreland or hinterland propagation and more than one fault moved simultaneously. The overlying Gavamie Thrust sheet extended sub-parallel to transport during the early stages of the culmination development. The concurrence of shortening in the footwall and extension in the hanging wall of the thrust implies that the it acted as mechanical boundary between two differently deforming plates. The extension of the upper plate (the Gavarnie Thrust sheet) Is considered to have occurred during gravity spreading in response to an Increased critical taper In the south Pyrenean thrust wedge. The increased taper possibly resulted from the shortening associated with the underplating of the lower thrust sheets in the central Pyrenees. The composition and source of the ambient fluid in the thrusts and the fluid flow processes that operated during the fault activity have been studied using fluid inclusion mlcrothermometry from cavity-fill quartz and from the chemistry of secondary phases in the cavities. The cavities formed by the hydraulic jacking of fault planes and they indicate the presence of syntectonic high fluid pressures. These pressures appear to have been generated in situ during the distributed deformation in the culmination and seismic pumping does not appear to have operated. The fluid is a high salinity Ca-Na-CI brine. The presence of bitumen in the inclusions suggests the brine is a connate basinal brine and not of metamorphic origin. Heterogeneity of brine compositions between the different samples studied suggests that the fluid reservoir in the culmination was heterogeneous and produced by limited dilution of the connate brine with meteoric water. Fluid-rock ratios were low and the close correspondence between vein mineralogy and wall rock composition suggests that the fluids were equilibrated with the strata in the culmination. Local fluid flow pathways have been mapped using Mgvariations within chlorite. These show that limited fluid transfer occurred between the Cretaceous limestone and the adjacent basement or the Triassic red beds. This transfer appears to have been related to dilatancy pumping associated with the hydrofracture events. Large-scale fluid migration along the active faults did not occur even though local fracture permeabilities were high.
24
LABARRE, MIREILLE, and JEROME PORTERIE. "L'allocation compensatrice en midi-pyrenees : etude de 464 dossiers de contentieux." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU31027.
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THURON, FRANCOISE. "Autoconservation de sperme avant traitement hypofertilisant : bilan de cecos midi-pyrenees." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU31096.
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26
DUPEYRE, CHRISTOPHE. "Les helistations et helisurfaces des hopitaux et cliniques de midi-pyrenees." Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU31022.
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ERBETTA, BRUNO. "Les secours souterrains en midi-pyrenees : proposition d'une strategie de medicalisation." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU31032.
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Fabre-Ducellier, Marie-Sigolène. "La nephrose de l'enfant en midi-pyrenees : 301 cas ; approche epidemiologique." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU31220.
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Becat, Joan. "Les pyrenees mediterraneennes, mutations d'une economie montagnarde : le cas de l'andorre." Montpellier 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON30018.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
La mutation de l'economie andorrane s'est accomplie en moins de cinquante ans, avec une expansion economique telle qu'il ne s'agit plus aujourd'hui, pour les responsables andorrans, de propulser cette economie de marche, mais de la rendre compatible avec le milieu, avec la qualite de vie pour les habitants, avec un autre tourisme. En un demi-siecle, d'une economie pastorale traditionnelle et coherente, d'une societe tres structuree, etroitement adaptee au milieu, l'andorre est passee a une economie moderne, axee presque uniquement sur le commerce et le passage de dix millions de visiteurs chaque annee. D'une vallee pyreneenne pauvre, dont la moitie de chaque classe d'age etait vouee a l'emigration, elle est devenue un ilot de prosperite provocante dans un massif pyreneen dont la recession n'en finit pas. La gestion du territoire s'en est trouvee profondement modifiee, rompant les equilibres avec le milieu. Or les risques naturels, omnipresents, se sont manifestes dramatiquement apres 1980. Par contrecoup, la conception meme de la croissance et du role des institutions en ont ete modifies ; c'est l'objet principal de la these, centree sur le passage de l'economie traditionnelle a l'amenagement actuel, sur l'incidence de l'homme et de l'economie sur le milieu et les risques naturels et, enfin, sur les implications politiques et institutionnelles qui en derivent. La these est divisee en six livres, un par chapitre, et accompagnee d'un volume de tables et d'un atlasThe mutation of andorran economy took place in less than fifty years and economic expansion was so successful than today decision-makers are less interested in boosting this market economy than in making it compatible with andorra's natural environment, quality of life and new forms of tourism. Within half a century andorra has shifted from a well-structured society - perfectly adjusted to the milieu with a traditional and coherent pastoral economy to a modern economy almost exclusively based on trade and tourism every year 10 million people visit andorra. A pyrenean valley with a high rate of emigration - 50 % of each age bracket andorra has now become an island of prosperity in a region - the pyrenees - which is as yet hard hit by recession. The management of the environment was thus profoundly changed and ecological balance disruped. Ever-present natural risks have since 1980 dramatically manifested themselves, which resulted in a radically new coneption of economic growth and the role of institutions. The aim of this doctoral dissertation is to highlight the shift from a traditional economic system to the current system, the impact of man's action and economy on the natural milieu and natural catastrophes and lastly to stress the political and institutional implications of such a change. The dissertation is divided into six books and includes a volume of charts and an atlas
30
Leung, Yui-kei Francis, and 梁銳基. "The Hunan Army." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1987. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31949149.
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Bleakney, Eric M. "The 2000 Army Aviation Modernization Plan effect on active component Army and Army National Guard interoperability and integration." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2000. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA386466.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (M.A. in International Security and Civil-Military Relations. Naval Postgraduate School, December 2000.Thesis advisors, Harold A. Trinkunas, Dana P. Eyre. Includes bibliographical references. Also available online.
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Meixsel, Richard Bruce. "An Army for Independence? The American Roots of the Philippine Army." The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1392917314.
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Hourdebaigt, Marie-Laure. "Stratigraphie et sedimentologie des molasses synorogeniques en bearn et en bigorre." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU30187.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Etude des molasses continentales proximales affleurant au-dessus des terrains nummulitiques en bearn et en bigorre. Dans le bassin au sud de pau, l'etude geometrique et sedimentologique permet de distinguer deux formations conglomeratiques: les poudingues inferieur et superieur, separes par une discordance. Le passage de l'un a l'autre est marque par un changement de la petrographie, de la granulometrie et de la morphometrie des galets. Ils sont attribues a l'eocene et rattaches respectivement a la 1ere et 2eme unite du poudingue de palasson. Dans le secteur occidental, les molasses conglomeratiques s'organisent en discordance progressive et sont rattachees au ludien. Elles sont correlees avec la 3eme unite du poudingue de palasson. Dans le secteur bigourdan, les 3 unites du poudingue de palasson ont ete retrouvees
34
August, Debra S. "Army life v. life in the Army the relationship between quality of life program utilization and army career intentions /." Santa Monica, CA : Rand, 1996. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/34619150.html.
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Pons, Pons Marc. "Climate change impacts on winter tourism in the Pyrenees and adaptation strategies." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284721.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Climate Change has become no longer a conjecture but an objective reality. The increase of the global average temperature, the seas level rise or the increase in the frequency and magnitude of extreme weather events are some examples observed during the past century that have turned the global warming into a sharply contrasted evidence. In this context of climate change, mountain regions have been defined as especially vulnerable areas. The rapid retreat of glaciers and permafrost surfaces, the decrease of snow precipitations, the increase of natural risks such as landslides or the alteration in the amount and distribution of some species prove the high sensitivity of mountain ecosystems. Moreover, in many mountain economies, reliable snowpack plays a key role as an important resource for the winter tourism industry, one of the main income source and driving force of local development in such regions. For this reason, research on the effects of Climate Change on the snowpack depth and duration is particularly necessary in order to assess the potential socioeconomic impacts in mountain regions. If we focus on Andorra and the Pyrenees, there is a research gap due to a clearly lack of academic studies in this field. For this reason, it is not accurately known how Climate Change will affect the ski industry and which are the most suitable adaptation strategies for this specific region.
The main goal of this research is to analyze how climate change could affect the snow cover and the snowpack in the Pyrenean ski resorts and to assess the resulting vulnerability of the ski industry of this region. Moreover, the adaptive behavior of skiers to climate change has been included in the analysis in order to analyze the potential redistribution of visitors among the ski resorts due to heterogeneous climate change vulnerability. Based on the results, this study analyzes the suitability and sustainability of the adaptation techniques and strategies to offset the climate variability, first in a case study of Andorra in order to develop a preliminary model and finally extending the analysis to the whole Pyrenees in order to assess the potential concurrence among ski resorts with differentiated climate vulnerability and tourism attractiveness and the resulting redistribution of skiers based on their behavioral adaptation to climate effects.
Four different scenarios are considered. Two scenarios assume an increase of winter mean temperature of +2°C and +4°C respectively, taking into account only natural snow conditions and two more including the effect of snowmaking. Results show differing vulnerability levels, allowing the classification of ski resorts into three distinct groups: (1) highly vulnerable ski resorts with a strong reduction in visitors attendance for all climate change scenarios, characterized by unfavorable geographical and attractiveness conditions, making it difficult to ensure snow availability in the future; (2) low vulnerability ski resorts, with moderate reduction in season length during a high climate change scenario but no reduction (or even an increase) in a low one, characterized by ski resorts with a medium capacity and attractiveness to ensure enough snow conditions and capture skiers from other ski resorts; and (3) resilient ski resorts, with good conditions to ensure future snow-reliable seasons and outstanding attractiveness, allowing them to offer longer ski seasons than their competitors and potentially attracting skiers from other closed or marginal resorts. Ski resorts included in this last group increase their skier attendance in all climate change scenarios. Although similar studies in the literature foretell a significant reduction of the ski market in the near future, another probable effect outlined in this study is a redefinition of this market due to a redistribution of skiers, from vulnerable ski resorts to more resilient ones.En els darrers anys, el canvi climàtic ha passat de ser una conjectura a una realitat objectiva. L'increment de la temperatura en superfície, l'increment del nivell del mar o l'increment de la freqüència i la magnitud d'alguns fenòmens meteorològics extrems són alguns exemples de canvis observats durant el segle passat que han fet el canvi climàtic una evidència contrastada. En aquest context, les regions de muntanya han estat identificades com a zones especialment vulnerables. El retrocès de les glaceres, els canvis en els patrons de precipitacions en forma de neu o les alteracions en la quantitat i la distribució d'algunes espècies animals i vegetals són algunes proves de l'alta sensitivitat dels ecosistemes de muntanya. A més a més, en moltes economies de muntanya, la disponibilitat de neu juga un paper clau com a recurs fonamental del turisme d'hivern, una de les principals activitats econòmiques i important motor de desenvolupament local en aquestes regions. Per aquest motiu, entendre els efectes del canvi climàtic sobre la cobertura de neu, i especialment en les zones d'esquí, és especialment necessària per tal d'avaluar alguns dels possibles impactes socioeconòmics en les regions de muntanya. Si ens centrem en el cas d'Andorra i el Pirineu en general, existeix una manca d'estudis acadèmics que analitzin amb detall com el canvi climàtic pot afectar el turisme d'hivern i quines serien les estratègies d'adaptació més adequades. El principal objectiu d'aquesta tesi és analitzar com el canvi climàtic projectat pot afectar la cobertura de neu a les estacions d'esquí alpí del Pirineu i avaluar la vulnerabilitat del sector de l'esquí en aquesta regió. Degut a que la vulnerabilitat de les estacions no és homogenia a tota la regió Pirenaica, la tesi també analitza la capacitat adaptativa dels esquiadors per tal d'avaluar la potencial redistribució entre estacions menys vulnerables i més resilients. A partir d'aquests resultats, s'analitza la ideneïtat i sostenibilitat de les opcions d'adaptació en funció del grau de vulnerabilitat. Primer de tot, s'ha realitzat un primer cas d'estudi centrat en Andorra, per tal de desenvolupar la metodologia i un model preliminar. Finalment s'ha estés l'estudi a la resta del Pirineu afegint-ne l'efecte de l'adaptació dels esquiadors i la possible redistribució resultant entre les estacions amb una atractivitat turística i vulnerabilitat climàtica diferenciada. S'han considerat 4 escenaris diferents. Dos assumint un increment de la temperatura mitjana de +2°C i +4°C respectivament i tenint en compte només condicions de neu natural i dos més incorporant-ne l'efecte de la producció de neu de cultiu pels mateixos increments de temperatura. Els resultats mostren diferents graus de vulnerabilitat de les estacions, permetent-ne la seva classificació en tres grups: (1) estacions altament vulnerables amb fortes reduccions de la cobertura de neu i de la freqüentació per a tots els escenaris, caracteritzades per unes condicions geogràfiques i d'atractivitat turístiques menys favorables; (2) estacions de baixa vulnerabilitat, amb una reducció moderada de la temporada d'esquí en un escenari de major increment de temperatura pero amb poca o nula afectació en un escenari moderat, caracteritzades per una atractivitat mitja i millors condicions per assegurar una major temporada que les estacions més vulnerables; i (3) estacions resilients amb condicions geogràfiques privilegiades i una alta atractivitat turística, amb capacitat d'oferir temporades més llargues i amb millors condicions de neu i per tant amb el potencial d'atraure esquiadors d'aquelles estacions més vulnerables. Tot i que estudis similars projecten una reducció significativa del turisme d'hivern en diverses regions del planeta degut al canvi climàtic, els resultats d'aquesta tesi s'inclinen cap a una futura redefinició del sector com a conseqüència de la redistribució d'esquiadors de les estacions més vulnerables cap a les més resilients.
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Pérez, Zanón Nuria. "Climate analysis in the central Pyrenees from instrumental and paleoclimate proxy data." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/461050.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Es presenten les sèries termopluviomètriques que caracteritzen el clima del Pirineu central durant el període instrumental, que han permès la caracterització de la deriva climàtica durant el darrer segle. A més a més, aquestes series han estat utilitzades per realitzar anàlisis dels registres naturals capaços de capturar la senyal climàtica durant els últims 500 anys. Aquestes sèries termopluviomètriques han estat obtingudes a partir de dades observades in-situ (tant amb observatoris manuals com automàtics) durant el període instrumental 1910–2013 tractant-se de les sèries de temperatura i precipitació d'alta qualitat més llargues disponibles de la zona d'estudi. Després d'aplicar un control de qualitat i un procés d'homogenització a les dades climàtiques, les sèries d'anomalies regionals mostren la variabilitat i canvi climàtic a escales anuals i estacionals. Els sediments del llac Montcortès han estat analitzat i la influència del clima en l'alteració de la recurrència de la barreja de la columna d'aigua del llac, considerat meromíctic, ha estat estudiada. Per la seva banda, les cronologies dels gruixos dels anells del arbres han estat utilitzades per avaluar la seva capacitat de capturar la senyal climàtica regional, així com els règims de temps a escala sinòptica de l'Atlàntic Nord a l'estiu. Per això, el clima regional del Pirineu central ha estat caracteritzat mitjançant composicions sinòptiques (composites) de pressió a nivell del mar per als estius normals i extrems (mitjançant les sèries d'anomalies regionals).Se presentan las series termopluviométricas que caracterizan el clima del Pirineo central durante el período instrumental, que han permitido la caracterización de la deriva climática durante el pasado siglo. Además, estas series se han utilizado para realizar análisis de registros naturales capaces de capturar la señal climática durante los últimos 500 años. Estas series termopluviométricas han sido obtenidas a partir de datos observados in-situ, tanto en observatorios manuales como automáticos, durante el período instrumental 1910–2013, tratándose de las series de temperatura y precipitación de alta calidad más largas disponibles en la zona de estudio. Tras controlar los datos observados de calidad y aplicar el método de homogenización más adecuado, las series de anomalías regionales muestran la variabilidad y cambio del clima en escalas anuales y estacionales. Los sedimentos del lago Montcortès han sido analizados y la influencia del clima en la alteración de la recurrencia de la mezcla de la columna del agua del lago, considerada meromíctico, ha sido estudiada. Por otra parte, cronologías del grosor de anillos de los árboles del Pirineo han sido utilizadas para evaluar su capacidad de capturar la señal climática regional, así como los regímenes de tiempo de escala sinóptica del Atlántico Norte en verano. Para ello, el clima regional del Pirineo central ha sido caracterizado mediante composiciones sinópticas (composites) de presión a nivel del mar en los veranos normales y extremos (mediante las series de anomalías regionales).
This thesis deals with the thermopluviometric series that characterize the climate of the central Pyrenees during the instrumental period, which also allow to characterize the climatic drift during the last century. Furthermore, these series have been used to analyse natural records capable of capturing the climatic signal during the last 500 years. These thermopluviometric series have been obtained from data observed in-situ, both in manual and automatic observatories, during the instrumental period 1910-2013 for the longer series of maximum and minimum temperature and precipitation available in the study area. After quality controlling the observed data and applying the most appropriate homogenization method, the series of regional anomalies show the variability and climate change in annual and seasonal scales. The sediments of Lake Montcortès have been analyzed and the influence of the climate in the alteration of the recurrence of the mixture of the water column of the lake, that was considered meromictic, has been studied. On the other hand, tree ring thickness chronologies have been used to evaluate their ability to capture the regional climatic signal as well as the weather regimes of the North Atlantic in summer. To this end, the regional climate of the central Pyrenees has been characterized by synoptic compositions (composites) of sea level pressure in normal and extreme summers (through regional series of anomalies).
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Michael, Nikolaos. "Functioning of an ancient routing system, the Escanilla Formation, South Central Pyrenees." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/12633.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The thesis topic concerns the analysis of a well-exposed Eocene sediment routing system in the wedge-top zone of the southern Pyrenees. The Escanilla sediment routing system can be used as a case study of generic value in understanding the dynamics of an ancient source-to-sink system. The Escanilla Formation is a mid-upper Eocene (Bartonian – Priabonian) siliciclastic sedimentary system that was sourced from the Axial Zone of the Pyrenees and deposited on top of the fold-thrust belt of the south-central tectonic unit. Its deposits are found in the Tremp-Graus and Ainsa basins and distal time equivalent units are found in the Jaca basin. The project involves the definition of the sediment routing system linking source area catchments and depositional sinks. It investigates the provenance of sediment in the basin-fill, tracks down-system sedimentological and granulometric trends, and evaluates the volumetric budget of the entire sediment routing system. The reconstruction of the sediment routing system fairway was aided by new provenance data comprising U/Pb dating of detrital zircons, detrital apatite fission track analysis, and evaluation of clast lithologies in fluvial conglomerates, compilation of palaeoflow indicators from sedimentary structures, and a pilot study of heavy minerals. A correlation panel is proposed dividing the Escanilla system into three time intervals. Sedimentary facies changes, grain-size of conglomerate and grain-size fractions are analysed quantitatively from proximal to distal stations within these three time intervals. The fairway, combined with sedimentary logs, allows a sediment budget to be constructed. Depositional volumes and surface fluxes are calculated for the three time intervals, allowing the temporal evolution of the sediment routing system to be constrained. Knowledge of the evolution of sediment budgets and fluxes through time allows an assessment of the sediment effluxes of catchment areas feeding the Escanilla system, and helps an understanding of how supply signals (grain-size fractions and sediment volumes) are propagated down-system. Such propagation is a vital tool in stratigraphic prediction.
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Booler, Jonathan Paul. "Carbonate facies, sequences and associated diagenesis, Upper Cretaceous, Tremp Basin, Spanish Pyrenees." Thesis, Durham University, 1994. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5527/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis details the results of an integrated study of carbonate platform sedimentology, geometry, evolution and diagenesis within a sequence stratigraphic framework. This study has been based on the Upper Cretaceous carbonates within the Tremp basin of the Spanish Pyrenees, which, through the effects of minor tectonic deformation during the later parts of the Pyrenean orogeny, are exceptionally well exposed and can be studied in the form of a platform to basin cross-section upon a scale that is comparable to that of a seismic section. This study concentrates on the mid-Turonian to Coniacian-aged Congest platform and its associated basinal succession, whose sedimentology and geometrical features, in particular cyclic progradational cycles, and evidence of repeated flooding and exposure of the platform-top are interpreted in terms of . fluctuations in relative sea-level and associated variations in available accommodation space. These interpretations, together with evidence of subaerial exposure in the form of karst features, intensive dissolution and the presence of speleo-cements, are used to propose a dynamic 'forced regression' model for the evolution of the Congost platform, which involves two phases of platform development, separated by a period of forced regression. The primary and secondary porosity afforded by the abundant bi-mineralic rudists within the platform-top sediments allows for a detailed and comprehensive diagenetic study of these carbonates, in the form of a case study for a number of interesting diagenetic features. In addition to standard petrography, cathodoluminescence and stable isotope studies have been employed and have allowed the identification of such features as botryoidal calcitic marine cements, neomorphism which occurred in lagoonal waters and speleo-cements. This study also provides a detailed investigation of the diagenesis associated with subaerial exposure and the development of sequence boundaries. Differences in the early diagenesis of these carbonates from different parts of the Congost platform suggest that two separate phases of platform development experienced: 1) differing pore-fluid regimes; 2) differing frequencies and duration of subaerial exposure events; and 3) different magnitudes of relative sea-level fall. These features are considered in terms of variations in accommodation space during platform development and are used to develop the dynamic 'forced regression' model for the evolution of the Congost platform. A succession of Cenomanian to Santonian-aged basinal and slope sediments which can be correlated with the contemporaneous Santa Fe, Congost and Sant Comeli platforms and contain a large amount of allochthonous debris, much of which is derived from underiying units, are described and interpreted in terms of local tectonic activity and relative sea-level change. The final part of this thesis presents a new sequence stratigraphic model for the mid-Turonian to Coniacian-aged Congost platform which is compatible with the observations and conclusions of this study. This new sequence stratigraphic model suggests that the Congost platform developed within two separate depositional sequences, albeit with one being on a much larger scale than the other. Sequence boundaries are characterised by subaerial exposure on the platform top which can be correlated with hardgrounds and/or glauconite accumulations within the more basinal locations, overlain by deeper-water facies. The presence of submarine onlap surfaces and down-slope slide deposits immediately above the sequence boundaries suggests that the major transgressive events which followed sequence boundary development were brought about by local extensional tectonic activity, while the stratigraphic cyclicity within the sequences and major falls in sea-level which produced the sequence boundaries are interpreted to have resulted largely from eustatic processes.
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Ellis, David. "Evolutionary genetics of the land snail Cepaea nemoralis in the Central Pyrenees." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2004. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1446625/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The pattern of life is a discontinuous one: both fossils and modem taxa show a clustering of forms separated by gaps. Evolutionary theory explains these gaps by relatively rapid transitions happening long ago, leaving few identifiable intermediates. One mechanism for this 'punctuated equilibrium' process suggests that these dramatic changes take place in small isolated populations at the edges of a species' range. This notion was tested in the land snail Cepaea nemoralis in the French and Spanish Pyrenees. Geographical patterns of genetic differentiation in enzyme polymorphisms ('molecular area effects') suggest that the population was once fractured into smaller units which, after a process of genetic disruption, recolonised their original range. The interface between two of these areas was mapped by an analysis of enzyme polymorphisms. Pure populations and their hybrids were then compared for adaptational differences (shell and body colour, thermal behaviour and mortality rates), and for reproductive isolation (as calculated by estimates of selection against hybrids from the enzyme dine width using field determinations of dispersal rate). No significant adaptive differentiation or reproductive barrier could be established between the two molecular areas. Instead, the same processes of adaptation seem to have taken place within the areas, in response to altitude and insolation. Furthermore, I investigated the possibility of a hybrid advantage effect taking place within the zone of hybridisation, where mean shell size is larger, resulting in more eggs being laid. Hybrid genotypes are thus likely to disperse faster than those of the pure types, dissipating the genetic differentiation between area effects more quickly than by random mixing. Present day selection is unlikely to determine the pattem of molecular area effects, as they do not coincide with geological, climatic, and vegetational discontinuities. Rather, they are relics of history, arising from the expansion of glacial refuges. The dynamics of this process were investigated by tracking vegetation patterns from ancient pollen cores, and by an analysis of mtDNA and enzyme variant distribution. The results of this study counter the expectations of the proposed mechanism of punctuated equilibrium. They are a reminder that, for most of the time, living organisms are robust to dramatic evolutionary change.
40
Roux, Philippe. "La maladie de lyme en midi-pyrenees : a propos de 20 cas." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU31016.
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CAZENAVE, NICOLE. "Contribution au projet d'informatisation du service d'aide medicale urgente des hautes-pyrenees." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU31039.
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Tosca, Claude. "Structure, dynamique et fonctionnement des ecosystemes prairiaux supra-forestiers des pyrenees-centrales." Toulouse 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU30197.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Deux toposequences majeures, en liaison avec la granulometrie des sols, sont identifiees; le rayonnement energetique associe aux variations de l'hygrometrie de l'air entraine la creation d'hygroseres en ombree et de xeroseres en soulane. Sur substrat caillouteux s'installent divers groupements a festuca eskia tandis que sur terre fine on peut identifier plusieurs associations a nardus stricta. On observe neanmoins une evolution chimique identique des sols, a savoir une acidification generale descendante liee aux phenomenes de percolation
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Guerirem, Rabah. "Etude hydrogeologique de la couverture septentrionale de la moyenne barousse (pyrenees centrales)." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU30207.
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Gofas, Serge. "Les cochlostoma (gastropoda, prosobranchia) des pyrenees et monts cantabriques : systematique et evolution." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MNHN0010.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Les especes pyreneennes et cantabriques appartenant au genre de gasteropodes prosobranches terrestres cochlostoma jan, 1830 sont revisees sur la base des caracteres morphologiques de la coquille et des parties molles, de l'anatomie et du polymorphisme enzymatique. Neuf especes biologiques sont reconnues valides. Des electromorphes diagnostiques permettent de reconnaitre deux divisions majeures: (1) celle comprenant les especes pyreneennes, monophyletique et (2) celle comprenant les especes cantabriques, paraphyletique. La separation des principales lignees est consideree comme anterieure au quaternaire. Les questions theoriques liees au codage des caracteres electrophoretiques sont discutees. Il est suggere que l'habitat montagnard de plusieurs especes est une acquisition recente, liee aux periodes froides du quaternaire. Le retablissement de conditions climatiques temperees donne lieu a une selection disruptive, offrant l'alternative entre le reflux vers l'altitude et la colonisation des espaces precedemment inhospitaliers pour les malacofaunes. Ce processus est invoque pour expliquer la divergence entre populations de basse et de moyenne altitude
45
POUGET, PATRICK. "Evolution geodynamique hercynienne des pyrenees centrales : contraintes structurales, metamorphiques, magmatiques et sedimentologiques." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU30079.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
La chaine hercynienne des pyrenees correspond a un segment occidental de la chaine hercynienne d'europe. Son evolution tectono-metamorphique se caracterise par la succession de deux episodes: le developpement d'un metamorphisme de moyenne pression haute temperature au debut, la mise en place diapirique simultanee de migmatites et de magmas dans la croute superieure est responsable de domes structuraux et d'un metamorphisme de basse pression haute temperature. Cet episode tectono-metamorphique s'est produit au cours d'un raccourcissement pendant la sedimentation flysch carbonifere dans des bassins d'avant-chaine. Il fut suivi par l'emersion de la chaine au stephanien, accompagnee du developpement de bassins detritiques intamontagneux et d'un volcanisme calco-alcalin suggerant un contexte geodynamique en compression associe a un decrochement dextre parallele a la faille nord-pyreneenne. L'evolution geodynamique globale des pyrenees apparait semblable a celle d'une chaine en collision et s'integre bien dans le schema geodynamique de collision continentale propre a la chaine hercynienne dans son ensemble
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LETURCQ, THIERRY. "Dynamique recifale a l'ilerdien : exemple du bassin de graus-tremp (pyrenees, espagne)." Paris 6, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA066303.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Une etude de terrain detaillee, fondee sur la finesse des observations sedimentologiques et l'analyse des relations entre tectonique et sedimentation a permis d'obtenir des resultats precis quant a l'evolution du systeme recifal ilerdien du bassin de graus-tremp. Entre la phase d'acquisition des donnees et les resultats, une part essentielle du travail a consiste en l'etablissement d'un protocole d'analyse coherent autorisant : 1 - l'exploitation de toutes les donnees quelle que soit l'echelle de leur implication ; 2 - l'optimisation de l'information pour decrire un modele d'evolution continu a l'echelle des cadres stratigraphiques et geographiques de l'etude. La demarche integre deux approches particulieres qui livrent des resultats complementaires pour la sedimentologie et la tectonique. ̱la premiere approche, naturaliste, regroupe la sedimentologie de facies et l'observation directe des structures tectoniques. Elle permet une quantification de la deformation et renseigne sur la nature du remplissage sedimentaire. ̱la seconde approche, adaptee des concepts de stratigraphie genetique, permet un decoupage precis de la serie ilerdienne offrant un outil de correlation fiable necessaire a l'integration d'une dimension temps au modele geologique. Inter-controlees et croisees les deux methodes donnent acces a de nouvelles informations aussi diverses que : l'evolution topographique du secteur etudie, la quantification de la deformation, l'estimation des espaces disponibles et les vitesses de sedimentation. Elles autorisent egalement, epoque par epoque, une discrimination des impacts tectoniques et eustatiques sur l'enregistrement sedimentaire et le developpement recifal. Pour les resultats tectoniques, l'analyse fait etat : - du role preponderant de l'heritage structural ; - d'une deformation organisee autour de couloirs decrochants sub-meridiens ; - de l'implication de la tectonique comme facteur preponderant qui permet l'evolution et la specialisation de l'outil de production carbonate. Les resultats sedimentologiques etablissent le role majeur de l'eustatisme sur la nature du remplissage sedimentaire ilerdien du bassin de graus-tremp et livrent un modele 3d qui rend compte, a la maniere et a l'echelle d'un reservoir petrolier, du developpement de trois complexes recifaux originaux.
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Womack, Seth M. "Atomic Army: the roles of the U.S. Army in America's nuclear endeavors." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/44030.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedThis thesis examines the roles of the U.S. Army in America’s nuclear undertakings. Since 1942, when the Army took responsibility for managing the Manhattan Project, the Army has made many important contributions to America’s nuclear endeavors. Its earliest nuclear roles included developing and employing America’s first nuclear weapons, executing nuclear counterproliferation missions, investigating the effects of nuclear weapons, and supervising the U.S. atomic energy program. Although the Army’s nuclear responsibilities were altered during the early years of the Cold War, it continued to participate in America’s nuclear efforts. The Army’s Cold War nuclear roles included deploying tactical nuclear weapons, participating in nuclear weapons tests, developing doctrine and reorganizing the Army’s units in preparation for a nuclear war, managing a nuclear power program, contributing to the debate on national strategy, and helping to reassure U.S. allies and prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons. Today, the Army continues to make important contributions to the nation’s nuclear endeavors, notably in preparedness for attack forensics and consequence management. U.S. strategic planners must understand the several nuclear functions that the Army has performed throughout history in order to appreciate more fully the relevance of the Army’s current nuclear capacities.
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Donnelly, William Michael. "``Under Army orders'' : the U.S. Army National Guard during the Korean War /." The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487949150069304.
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Scherer, Clay S. "Army space and transformation." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Sep%5FScherer.pdf.
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Beesley, Deborah. "A re-examination of the biostratigraphy, lithostratigraphy and structure, of the Devonian areas of the Central Pyrenees." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1988. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/394018/.
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