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Pigeard, Alain. "Le service des vivres dans les armées du Premier Empire 1804-1815 (armée de terre)." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040045.
Повний текст джерелаAfter seizing power on 18 Brumaire, Bonaparte set to reorganizing the army he had inherited from the old regime and the revolution. Of all the reforms, the service of provisions, sorely extended during the campaigns of 1792 to 1799 would receive particular attention right up until the end of the Empire. Two distinct ministries would be created: the ministry of war and the ministry of war administration; with the service of provisions depending on the latter (the precise designation was to change frequently). The war administrators corps, created on the 29th of January, 1800, would have the highly demanding task of organizing the supply of troops that would roam throughout the European continent. The vast size of the armies and the increasingly distant campaigns would force napoleon to use inexact methods (requisitioning, special levying). The severest shortages would be felt during the Polish (1807), Russian (1812) Spanish and Portuguese (1807-1813) campaigns; the absence of provisions would sometimes be replaced by looting. Even with the best imperial will, the system never functioned correctly; the cost of the wars being a factor of considerable importance. The soldier was all too often forced to improvise; the Napoleonic wars would serve as
Romanova, Mariya. "La défense de l'État arménien de Cilicie (1073-1375)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON30079.
Повний текст джерелаCilicia - also known as the Cilician Armenia, Kingdom of Cilician Armenia, Kingdom of Cilicia or New Armenia - was a medieval State, which had a rich, but relatively short history (from the end of XI till late fourteenth century). The principality of Armenian princes' roubênienne of Cilicia (from 1198 - a kingdom) was located in the southeast of Asia Minor.Placed at the intersection of commercial and strategic roads, Cilicia was an unavoidable area between Mediterranean Europe and the Middle East. Throughout its existence Armenian Cilicia - a state formed more or less from forced migration - faced attacks or numerous invasions.Throughout a history spanning across three centuries, Cilicia was exposed to attacks from various sides: Europe, Byzantium, Sultanate of Rum, Ayyubid emirates, Egypt and Syria, and, above all, Mamluk. In the period of three centuries Cilicia tries to maintain its independence and defend its own territory against invaders. Thus, the Military Art of the Armenians of Cilicia (tactical strategy, weaponry, composition of the army etc.), and their national idea develops with spirit of defense.Defense, or defensive strategy, along with the offensive, is one of the two main forms of military strategy. It involves a posture of resistance using all the means for preventing the opposing action. Event that the defensive strategy uses all tactical functions necessary to achieve the military conflict (against attack, raid, offensive), that is the defense it gives the major role. The strategic choice of a defensive posture determines all dimensions or military Art of Cilicians: operations, battle and each element of the war.The study of the defense of Cilician Armenia is an innovative topic. We tried to study not only the military history of Cilicia, but also its social and political context, the technical details as and the role of the church in the military case.For our research we used many different original sources. In fact, besides the Armenian sources, we examined the Latin, Greek, Arabic, Syriac (the last two in translation) texts. Only the method of crossing of sources and comparing military traditions gave us hope that we have succeeded in innovative conclusions.This method has allowed us to instigate some issues never discussed, for example the armor and weapons of Cilician Armenian fighter (including the use and types of knives), strategy and tactics in the Cilician army, siege warfare and siege machines. We also treated other topics such as espionage in Cilicia, or naval warfare conducted by the Cilician Armenians. Among other questions, the role of the Church in the Armenian army is also discussed.The method applied in our research is perhaps the novelty of this work. In our investigation, we tried not only to determine the historical events (encounters and battles) but also to develop the problem that exists around these conflicts, trying to find their origins. By asking the questions how? and for what?, we can deliver a lot more information, and thus we can explain the historical events from a military point of view
Bottin, Michel. "L' enseignement militaire français et le rayonnement de la France : de la IIIe République à nos jours." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010582.
Повний текст джерелаHeyriès, Hubert. "Les militaires savoyards et niçois entre deux patries (1848-1871) : Approche d'histoire militaire comparée armée française, armée piémontaise, armée italienne." Montpellier 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON30004.
Повний текст джерелаIn 1860, 602 officers and 12 329 savoyards and nicois had to choice between france and italy in conformity with the treaty of turin signed the 24 mars of 1860 by france and piemont. This treaty gave the savoie and nice to france. So, from 1848 to 1871, these soldiers have been taken between two countries. There are three periods: -between two culturs, 1848-1860 -between two lands, 1860 -between provincial identity and national identity, 1860-1871 from 1848 to 1860, in the employ of the king of piemont-sardaigne, these soldiers chose army by tradition and by ambition. Soldiers of quality, the officers took advantage of wars in 1848-1849, 1855-1856 and 1859, but the system of recruiting imposed by the general la marmora maked heavy the conscription. So, civils and soldiers voted in majority to the reunion of savoie and nice to france the 15-16 and 22-23 april 1860. The passage of these soldiers in france has been easy. But the officers have been divided. The minority chose france with reticence. The majority chose italy by fidelity to the king, by national feeling and by ambition. But these choices have been tragic for many of them. From 1860 to 1871, the integration in france has been difficult and disappointing, and the french system of recruiting permitted an integration +by force;. In italy, the integration has been fast, the carriers more prosperous, the mutation from alpes to sicile accepted. But the relation ships with savoie and nice have not been cut. In 1870-1871, the war between french and germans waked up risorgimental dreams in italy, while savoyars and nicois, for the firs time, fighted for france and their lands. Gradually, the national identity and the provincial identity met and the integration became a reality
Paveau, Marie-Anne. "Le langage des militaires : éléments pour une ethnolinguistique de l'Armée de terre française." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040322.
Повний текст джерелаSoldiers of the land constitute a linguistic community. Our society has a stereotyped and homogeneous vision of his community. .
Bodart, Benoit. "Les marsouins et bigors de 1880 à 1914. : étude anthropologique et prosopographique." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MON30073.
Повний текст джерелаTitle : French marine troops (“marsouins”) from 1880 until 1914. Anthropologic and prosopographical study.In the wake of the 1870-1871 military defeat, France resumed its colonial expansion. Politicians on all sides, economists or investors justified “colonialism” in order to provide the country with troops specialized in overseas operations. In this context, French marine infantry and artillery units were specifically tasked with operating outside French soil in order to carry out the three stages of the colonial process: conquest, pacification and administrative management.This aim of this research is to get a better knowledge of the soldiers nicknamed “marsouins”, from their recruitment up to their deployment overseas. In addition to paying attention to the recruitment process, we’ll also focus on their training, so as to know whether these troops were endowed with the intellectual and physical qualities needed to operate in French colonies.In order to achieve this research, it was necessary to study about 4,500 Army registers to compile statistics. The exploitation of about 100 testimonies also allowed us to have a better understanding of the daily life of these troops, their motivations to sign up, the difficulties they experienced, as well as their joys, expectations in terms of promotions and awards.Moreover, we could observe that the “marsouin” was able to adapt to the different situations and circumstances he was faced with, in spite of the poor quality of the recruits and their too limited number between 1880 and 1914. However, these troops had a bad reputation which tended to improve as the French colonial empire grew and got stronger
Pourre, Catherine. "Les interventions extérieures de l'armée française." Paris 13, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA131020.
Повний текст джерелаThe outside interventions of French army are decided by the executive's chief. The constitution, legislative and statutory texts have founded and reinforced his preeminence, abolishing the original diarchy. The Gulfs war and cohabitation's periods have confirmed this supremacy. His will can not be inflected only by public opinion, the legislative power not being in possession of efficient powers. To take his decision, he has civil and military supports at one's disposal. The progress of European construction (the two last treaties on European Union) in foreign affairs and defense matters have not yet reached the decision's autonomy of executive's chief, despite the development of new constraints, the European parliament's quest for powers, and the latent risk of a European constitution's adoption. Not having powers to lead far military interventions, France must develop bilateral and multilateral military cooperations, which at term risk to reduce his decision's freedom and action's autonomy. But this freedom is already limited by a increasing juridism of international society and a surveillance of its actors. France must respect and base her actions on law rules and precise international pratices. As a result of this juridical framing and a faint African policy, France is pushed to revise his position and actions on the African continent (interruption to support some governments, revision of defense's accords, creation of an African intervention's force). To keep his rank, she has multiplied all out her participations to United Nations's operations and to military and humanitarian operations. But these operations have not always answered to her interests, and have sometimes raised criticisms, pushing France to re-examine her military intervention's policy
Berrette, Valérie. "Les engagés volontaires de l'armée de terre (EVAT) : l'influence de l'environnement social, familial et professionnel sur le métier de soldat." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H126.
Повний текст джерелаMost army soldiers fulfill their duties in « operational » battalions, the purpose of which is combat. In this perspective, they must be ready to deploy, at any time, to foreign theatres of operations where France would be concerned. More than a job, soldiers choose a way of life, heavily ruled by their professional constraints in terms of availability (factions, services, missions, trainings, foreign operations). A survey was carried out among 1940 soldiers using questionnaires and 62 individual interviews. This gave them the opportunity to express themselves on difficulties to conciliate social, family and personal lives with this profession. Young and single when taking on, they live at the battalion; liberated from material constraints and family duties, they are willing to be mobile. However, personal situation evolution, boredom due to the nature of the activity, an image that does not match military reality have an influence on these soldiers' dynamism
Beauchamp, Christine. "Une armée européenne à définir." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27444.
Повний текст джерелаCousin, Janine. "Le Petit Parisien et l'Armée de 1905 à Août 1914." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010638.
Повний текст джерелаMartini, André. "L'aéromobilité des forces terrestres, une innovation tactique majeure : l'armée de terre française et la troisième dimension : naissance, évolution et perspectives : 1794-2004." Montpellier 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON30018.
Повний текст джерелаThere is a continuity between the men who climb on the balloons in the years 1794 and those who serve to day in the army aviation. Both use aeronautical technics to the greatest and direct benefice of the land forces. If the use of third dimension par the land forces has actually known a growth after the second world war with the emergence of the helicopters, the period before has to be known because it allowed the ground forces to build a base on which the growth of the modern aeromobility has been possible. The decolonisation wars have favoured the emergence of a third dimension mind which increased during the cold war. But an excessive concentration of the aeromobile means and budget restrictions have moved away the aeromobility from the army. Today, a new concept and new aircraft allowed the revival of an efficient cooperation between the army and its aeromobility
Kreipe, Nils. "Les "autorisations" données par le Conseil de sécurité à des mesures militaires." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100183.
Повний текст джерелаIt is generally acknowledged that the Security Council can "authorize" the recourse to armed force, and that such "authorization" provides sufficient legal basis for military measures. However, no satisfactory explanation of the "authorization" has yet been developed. Actually, the "authorization" is not to be regarded as a "permission" of recourse to armed force, exempting the States of the respect of the prohibition of the military coercion (article 2 (4) of the Charter). Rather, it reminds the concept of agency, the "authorization" providing a mandate that enables States to undertake military enforcement measures on behalf of the Council. "Authorized" States thus exercise the Security Council's powers of military coercion. The cases of Kosovo and Iraq show that it is conceivable that the Security Council can grant such a mandate implicitly, and that he can also "ratify" military measures ex post
Kihl, Peter. "Armén i förändring och kontinuitet : En analys av kulturella föreställningar i Sveriges armé 1992-2020." Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-10078.
Повний текст джерелаAbdelouhab, Abdelkader. "Comportement des murs en terre armée." Lyon, INSA, 2010. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2010ISAL0074/these.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMetallic strips or non-corrodible synthetic straps are set up in Reinforced Earth Walls. In current design, same models are used to model these two types of strips. Nevertheless, synthetic reinforcements have a more complex behavior due to their extensibility. Then, it seems necessary to study the behavior of these reinforcements to determine adequate anchorage models. This thesis concerns in the first part a three-dimensional physical modeling of the behavior of anchored reinforcements. Pullout tests were performed in a test tank under controlled conditions in the laboratory. These tests were validated by other tests carried out in a real structure. In a second part, three analytical methods were implemented to model the pullout tests. The first method uses the classical anchorage models. The second and the third method present models determined from the analysis of experimental tests. Finally, in the last part, the parameters deduced from the experimental study were used in the numerical code “Flac 2D” to analysis the stability, the safety and the influence of several parameters of the Reinforced Earth structures
Rihana, Sami. "Aux origines de l'armée libanaise contemporaine : 1916-1946." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040308.
Повний текст джерелаHallegren, Jakob. "Med Satan i ryggen i Guds armé : Brott mot Gud inom den svenska armén 1704-1723." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Historiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-134862.
Повний текст джерелаHassine, Jonathan. "Tous pour la patrie ? L'armée libanaise et ses combattants à l'épreuve de la guerre civile : entre la caserne, la milice et le foyer." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUL104.
Повний текст джерелаMy thesis focuses on the history of the Lebanese army and its combatants during the civil war that tore Lebanon apart between 1975 and 1990. In the existing literature, the Lebanese army appears as an institution divided along sectarian lines and unable to put an end to the conflict. My work goes beyond this interpretation based on sectarianism and on the Weberian conception of the state as necessarily claiming a monopoly on the legitimate use of violence. I explore instead the way in which the Lebanese army recomposed itself throughout the conflict, and argue that the military played a central role, either by taking part in the fighting or by training militias from all sides. To do so, I draw upon two bodies of sources: a collection of various written sources in Arabic, French and English, ranging from French and US diplomatic archives to officers' memoirs and the army's bulletins; as well as extensive fieldwork conducted among retired officers and NCOs who served and fought during the civil war. The combination of these materials allows me to show how the survival of combat units relies mostly on the relationships between the junior officers and their soldiers. By bringing together the anthropological approach to war and the sociology of combat, my dissertation contributes to reexamining both the boundaries of the state and the role of a national army in a civil war context. Based on the oral testimonies, I also reflect on the memory of the Lebanese Civil War within the military institution and among its veterans. The various narratives of the conflict, as much as their absence, tell us about the current divisions the Lebanese society and its troubled relationship to the past
Bella, Ambada Mireille. "Violence symbolique, sexe et religion : la féminisation de l'armée française à l'épreuve des discriminations sexistes." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2134.
Повний текст джерелаThe Army and religion are two institutions in which symbolic violence is exerted. Military women, like most other social agents practise religion. At the individual level, their religious practice is intertwined with the subjectivity of their own rapport with religion whereas, at the collective level, this religious practice stems from their cultural and institutional norms. This doctoral thesis aims to analyse the use of the religious device or religious recourse by military women in order to tackle symbolic violence. We have chosen a socio anthropological approach backed by a historical perspective to assess implications, mutations and « divides » of an institution that is presented as misogynist. Analyses were based on qualitative and quantitative surveys on the research field in France specifically in two military camps in the Region Rhône Alpes within two regiments and secondarily Great Britain. Religious subjectivity and cultural institutional practices of military women helped to highlight/stress the divides as well as the sham related to the mutations military women imposing on them a kind of a « cost » which compell military women to « bear the cost » of professional integration
Lozano, Thierry. "Général GOUPIL : aléas, contingences et opportunités d’un parcours d’officier dans la deuxième moitié du XXe siècle." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022REN20025.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis has two objectives. The first is to present the biography of Bernard Goupil, Saint-Cyrien of the "Leclerc" class 1946-1948. As an example, it will be a question of participating in the development of a prosopography of the group of officers of the second half of the 20th century. The second objective is to study the singularity of a journey of its continuities, its ruptures and bifurcations. Between ideal-type and exceptionality, the observation of this pathway reveals the processes and logic of selection in action within the military institution to reward the best elements. However, this selection is not always rational and highly depends on politico-military contexts
Lecuyer, Luc. "Surveillance épidémiologique de la grippe dans les armées." Bordeaux 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR25316.
Повний текст джерелаKorsia, Haïm. "Le suicide dans les armées : Gérer un non-dit." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLX103/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this thesis is to define what suicide means in the military world, to understand how it is a management fact in the armed forces and why it is better to express a matter in order to be able to implement a genuine prevention policy. The taboo of this unspoken issue in the armed forces is unconsciously explained by the fact that each suicide of a soldier is in contradiction with the arms’ brotherhood claimed by the army as its base
Jakubowski, Sébastien. "D'une institution d'Etat à une organisation : le cas de l'armée de terre française professionnalisée : contribution à une sociologie de l'autorité et des processus de transformation." Lille 1, 2005. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2005/50377-2005-13.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаZade, Mohammed. "Résistance et armée de libération au Maroc (1947-1956) : de l'action politique à la lutte armée : rupture ou continuité ? : thèse." Nice, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NICE2049.
Повний текст джерелаKoch, Roland. "L' armée du Rhin : 1870, analyse d'une défaite." Montpellier 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON30027.
Повний текст джерелаWhy the Army of the Rhine, strong of 200. 000 men, was beaten in the space of a few days? The defeat was not inescapable. An objective study of the facts makes it possible to prove the inanity of the generally advanced explanations. A victory or at least a less ashamed defeat was still possible. The French Army was more solid than it was claimed and Moltke was a methodical but noninfallible General. The French high command could not benefit from its imprudences and its errors. It is thus the incompetence so much strategic which tactical which is in question, in particular that of Bazaine, named, under the pressure of the Court, commander-in-chief of the armies on August 12
Janniard, Sylvain. "Les transformations de l'armée romano-byzantine (IIIe - VIe siècles PR. J. C) : le paradigme de la bataille rangée." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0030.
Повний текст джерелаThe study deals with the transformations of the Romano-Byzantine army, for the period which covers the 3rd till the 5th c. In the western part of the Roman Empire and until the 6th c. For its oriental part. These are examined through the prism of the pitched battle, itself analyzed through the various scales of its progress, from its circumstances up to its outcomes, and also ,through the hierarchy and the dispositions of the troops, their evolutions and their way of fighting. From the 3rd c. On, the pressure exercised by the foreign peoples upset the strategic choices of the Empire, whereas the transformations of the armament and of the internal organization of the units seem strictly connected to the tactical renewals then noticed. Confronted with strengthened but diffuse military threats, the Roman army improves its techniques of acquisition of information, and doesn't hesitate any more to resort to indirect strategies. The adaptation to the new tactical conditions passes by a narrower coordination between the various weapons on the battlefield, and, within these, between the various specialities. It also implies a renewal of the arrangement in lines of the infantry, modelled on the Hellenistic phalanx, and requiring the increase in number of the tactical ranks. It leads finally to a revaluation of the place heId by the cavalry and the bowmen on the battlefield. In fine, the preservation of a strong capacity to manoeuvre shows the qualities of the commanders, and shows also the difficulty to find a military explanation for the fall of the Western Roman Empire
Vandepoorter, Alexandre. "Organisations non étatiques armées." Paris 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA020022.
Повний текст джерелаJauffret, Jean-Charles. "Parlement, gouvernement, commandement : l'armée de métier sous la troisième République : 1871-1914." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010534.
Повний текст джерелаKlein, Luc. "Le contrôle institutionnel de la force armée en démocratie." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAA010.
Повний текст джерелаThis dissertation aims at understanding how contemporary democratic systems deal with the existence of the armed forces within them and how they manage to use them, while respecting their principle of government. The two methods chosen are, on the one hand, the history of the institutions and, on the other hand, the study of the parallels between the legal systems (mainly that of the United States and of France). Using these tools, the dissertation aims at finding a balance both vertical (between the constitutionnal powers and the armed forces) and horizontal (between the constitutionnal powers themselves regarding the armed forces)
Boz-Acquin, Elise. "L'état et la force armée en droit constitutionnel français." Thesis, Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VERS024S.
Повний текст джерелаThe subject of this thesis is to examine the link between the State and armed force, a link which embodied by war-faring activity, in other words by military function, while focusing on an approach to sociopolitical and legal theories of the State. Military function is part of the general activity of the State and it is up to the military authority to exercise this function. In order to deal with the ways and means this function is exercised, it will be subject to intra-functional analysis (i.e. a study centered solely on the military function) as well as inter-functional analysis (i.e. a study of the military function in relation to the executive and legislative functions). Military function is not autonomous. It is one of the functions carried out by the executive power. The military function is unique in that it is not carried out by a military organ which is responsible for this specific task ̶ the existence of such an organ has always been refused ̶ but by a political power based on a decisional authority hinging on a technical authority carrying out military command. What is at stake is to avoid the setting up of a military organ capable of evolving into a military power, a risk which threatens both the political authority as well as the military authority itself
Leroux, Denis. "Une armée révolutionnaire : la guerre d'Algérie du 5e bureau." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H077.
Повний текст джерелаDuring the Algerian War, French officers considered the army and its action as revolutionary. They aimed to radically reform military institutions, adapting them to a conflict perceived as a revolutionary war led by communism whose goal was the political control of the population. This revolutionary army had to participate in the modernization of Algeria, integrating Algerians into the French social body, allowing the emergence of an "Algérie nouvelle". In order to achieve this goal, these officers advocated an authoritarian hardening of the state capable of countering communist subversion. This thesis explores the roots, content and consequences of this revolutionary army through the study of the 5th bureau : the staff officers responsible for conducting psychological action from 1955 to 1960, as well the propagandists, political commissars and theoreticians of politico-military action. It employs a prospography of the individual and collective career trajectories of these officers, and analyzes the institutional logics; discourses, and the practices of the 5th bureaus. Tt highlights the political action of the army during the crisis of May and June 1958 through the authoritarian mobilization of Algerians for fraternization demonstrations that aimed to evince Algerians' commitment to a renovated colonial order. This project was defeated by the cleat opposition of the Gaullist state, which dissolved the 5th Bureaus in February 1960 following the week of the barricades uprising, but particularly by its systematic misunderstanding of the Algerian political situation
Ripol, Georges. "Les forces aériennes françaises dans la zone Sud de l'océan Indien, 1929-2004 : du camp d'aviation d'Ivato à la B.A. 181 de Saint-Denis-Gillot : soixante-quinze [75] années de présence de l'Armée de l'air à Madagascar et à La Réunion." La Réunion, 2008. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/08_13-ripol.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSet up in Madagascar in 1929, the military french air force travelled around from Ivato, near Tananarive. Until the beginning of the '70, aircrafts of the armee de l'air performed thousands of varied missions : transport, air link, Search and Rescue. Some of them and their crews fought british / South African invaders in 1942 and others took a large part in the campaign against Madagascar! uprising in 1947-48. In 1973, because of the new political orientations in Tananarive, the french forces had to leave Madagascar. The base aerienne 181 was then transfered from Ivato to Saint-Denis-Gillot, Reunion island. In 1976, it adopted the name of tradition « Lieutenant Roland Garros ». Using only transport planes and helicopters, B. A. 181 airmen form the air component of the french military organization in the southern area of Indian ocean. Then, they greatly acted for the permanence of France's influence in this part of the World
Broussard, Emeline. "La contribution de la cour pénale internationale à la subjectivation des organisations armées : Du commettant au répondant, perspectives et limites." Thesis, Limoges, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIMO0045.
Повний текст джерелаInternational legal personality is defined as the capacity to be a holder of rights and to have obligations imposed on it. Classical theory recognizes only to States as international law subjects and by derivation to intergovernmental organizations. Other private actors, such as non-governmental organizations, com-panies, individuals and non-state armed groups, are nowincreasingly present on the international scene. Many conventional instruments have beendeveloped to consider their specificities. It is mainly with the development of international criminal law, institutionalized with the creation of international criminal courts, that the capacity of some of these actors to be rights holders and duty bearers has increased. While the international statusof individuals, NGOs or companies raises fewer difficulties, the scope of the international status of armed organizations (broadly speaking) remains unclear. Their military activ-ities potentially generate international crimes; « belligerent»crimes on the one hand (war crimes, ag-gression crimes), othercrimes on the other hand (genocides, crimes against humanity). While the law of armed conflict recognizes the existence of rights and obligations of private actors, the link between international criminal law and the recognition of the international legalpersonality to armed organiza-tions must be examined. As the International Criminal Court is at the crossroads of the various fields of international law, its potential contribution to the international subjectification of armed organizations raises questions, both in terms of their role in the commission of crimes and theirability to respond to them
Lubac, Michel. "La politique de communication sur la professionnalisation des armées françaises (1996-2002)." Montpellier 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON10040.
Повний текст джерелаAndreadis, Georges. "L'armée de l'air grecque aujourd'hui." Toulouse 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU10048.
Повний текст джерелаThis is the history of the Greek air force from 1912 until today, also a study and an analysis of its activities, missions and responsibilities. In this thesis, seven fundamental phenomena, which dominate the life of the Greek air force, are determined, proven and studied through which its present and its future are described
Texier, Mélanie. "La fabrique d’une identité légionnaire incorporée : construction des pratiques langagières des légionnaires à l’intersection des discours de cohésion militaire et de pluralité linguistique." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022REN20012.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis relates to linguistic practice for the French Foreign Legion which build and update a professional built-in identity. We have to consider that discourses relating to military cohesion and diverse military bodies involved create an arbitration which allows to internalize and recompose identities for the individuals and the group to mix and feel part of the same plurality. At the intersection of works and military sociology, this thesis explores the language sciences and discourses analysis. My analysis relates to the manor in which lexical, semantic, enunciated and discursive resources display language practice which organise, direct its sense and mobilise a border/ chair debatable where we insert fragment of materiality, language objects in order to develop a group. Three corpus were developed to define / interrogate this border: A corpus made of scientific-military research questionnaires ; a corpus issued from the song books from the French Foreign Legion ; a corpus tracking the constructions and group relationships in Sidi-Bel-Abbès, which use to be the legion capital. From these various linguistic data, two other corpus were developed from the foreign legion members’ discourses : one corpus on the group of officers with officers named as “Legion”; one corpus on the group of troupe thanks to the participation of ex legionnaires and sous-officer of the French Foreign Legion. I demonstrate that developing a military corpus does not consist only in making it but also by structuring it with a dynamic where cohesion is a discursive link which imply to make, to make do, to make with, to say, to push someone to say and to say with
Mesnil, Charlie. "La logistique des armées hellénistiques." Thesis, Lille 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL30035.
Повний текст джерелаThe use of the term "logistics" in its military sense is relatively recent in the historiography of war (it dates essentially from a few decades) and the word is complex to define. To be interested in military logistics isn’t only to be interested in supplying the army, but also in its transport, equipment, housing and sanitary services. These subjects are therefore at the same time varied and very different from each other and the sources aren’t always sufficient. The Hellenistic world we are studying extends from Marseille to Ai Khanoum (Afghanistan) and includes both kingdoms and cities. The spaces concerned influenced the strategic choices of the generals. The impact of military logistics on the outcome of Hellenistic military conflicts is difficult to evaluate and can range from negligible to decisive. Military logistics, however, aren’t limited to their influence in wars, but also concern economic and social issues
Siconolfi, Ignace. "La communication audiovisuelle des armées." Bordeaux 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR30026.
Повний текст джерелаThe author of this thesis, officier in the army, tried to demonstrate how the audiovisual means had contributed to the evolution of the intitution, in its structures, tasks and its place in the mediatized society, in spite of an unfavorable situation in the seventies. We can understand how the army had been able to inform, to educate and to unify different kind of personnals and also to be know in the society of communication. The study of audiovisual productions, in different fields and communication structures, shows how the work was realized and what where its results. To anticipate the evolution, in order to avoid misinterpretations and new difficulties, the army has considered, that audiovisual communication was not the only real means to evolute, but that pedagogical methods and human ressources management were able to obtain new results and better quality
Shakkoura, Majdy. "Le Hamas, de la résistance armée à l'exercice du pouvoir." Phd thesis, Université de Cergy Pontoise, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00842315.
Повний текст джерелаOuld, M'Bareck Ahmed. "Le système de défense en Mauritanie : l'alternative d'une nation armée." Paris 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA020151.
Повний текст джерелаMeskini, Mohammed. "Aspects juridiques de l'intervention armée syrienne au Liban (1976-1978)." Nancy 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NAN20010.
Повний текст джерелаThe international contemporary law is distinguished by prohibition of intervention especially when it takes the shape of a resort to armed force. By sending its stroops in Lebanon in June 1976 Syrie had in meantine the admissibility of its intervention infering from several considerations between the will to give a end at a fratricidal clash, the wish to take in account various entreaties, the determination of not being restlessby an international plot and exercise national arabic duty appear as the more decissive. After an analysis constrained by the examination of the facts and the wording of the legal rules these motives come to light, nevertheless unfit for giving a coherent and valid foundation to the Syrian intervention and appear as alibis aimed at disguising the Syrian will to exert un straightened guardianship on Lebanon. Confronted at the situation created by the Syrian intervention the Arab league had not taken refuge in wordiness. Breaking with a traditional passivity it succeeds to move towards an operational conseiving and to create a power for keeping the peace. The study of the mission trusted to that last and the observance of conditions which still presited its application urge on scepticism. Destined to make easier the search of peace and centred on the wish to give a end to the Syrian interference in the Lebany's clash the action of the Arab league has not fill his part and has just succed at last to consolidate the pressure of Syrie on Lebanon exerted consecutively at its military intervention
Ménard, Louis-Marie. "La création d'un état par sécession armée en droit international." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100201.
Повний текст джерелаInternational law alone can determine the characteristics of a State as a subject of this legal order. A population situated on a territory must to be subject to a sovereign authority. Numerous entities long to constitute a State ; they have to accomplish effectively the three constitutive elements. There is no rule of international law that forbids the secession, and the recognition cannot oppose this birth either. International law intervenes by its nature as the supreme and international legal order, to convey immediately the quality of State to this new international fact. Yet it intervenes as well from the beginning of the secessionist armed combat. The success of a secession depends on the application of the principles of non-interference and non-intervention
Shakkura, Majdy. "Le Hamas, de la résistance armée à l'exercice du pouvoir." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CERG0609/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis report aims at highlighting the political ideology of Hamas in a comparative approach through critical analysis and researches, based on a historical methodology. We followed this political movement through its religious ideology and Islamic references, from its position as a Palestinian opposition to the reached power itself. We tried to achieve the following objectives:Describing the emergence and evolution of the movement, the living embodiment of the Muslim Brotherhood in Palestine, as well as the factors and circumstances that led to its decline and its rise at certain periods of the History. We also seek to know the roots of this movement before and after 1948 and until the outbreak of the intifada in 1987.Identifying the factors that influence the policies and decision making of the Movement, espacially the ideological and partisan aspect, as a matter of fact that Hamas is a fundamental element of the international movement Muslim Brotherhood, where Islam is the ideological and political reference. The report tackles the aspect of the national Palestinian actions and partisan interests who have imposed their own visions and pragmatic positions. In addition, it is necessary to analyze the division of leadership between the inside and outside group, but also the important influence of the military wing in the Policy building and decision making.Identifying the positions of Hamas movement towards the Palestinian political system into its two components – the PLO and the Palestinian Authority – towards the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and its settlement options and therefore towards the political settlement, compared to the PLO positions and other Palestinian factions. This research seeks to determine the position of Hamas on the principle of the Palestinian liberation and towards the political PLO initiatives, the Arab States, the organizations and the friendly countries, such as the International Conference, and to bring out the political initiative of Hamas and comparing it to the other forces' positions.Identifying the relation between the Hamas and the Muslim Brotherhood, the degree of autonomy that Hamas has in the organization and its international framework. The research tries to study the nature of the relations of the movement with the international, regional and Arab organizations. A special attention is given to the United States, the European Union, Russia and the other regional countries in order to understand its place and position in the axis of the region. The attention is especially focused on the « axis of the resistance » and the kind of relations Hamas has with the Arab countries of Palestine, like Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, and States who have an big impact on the regional policies, particularly Iran and Saudi Arabia.Exploring the experience of Hamas in the transitional period, from the opposition to the takeover and parallelly with the experience in the political aspect of Islam with the Muslim Brotherhood, the Salafi Jihad, Al-Qaida, Hezbollah and the Turkish Party of Justice and Development, from its inception until its accession in power
Noique, Jean-Arthur. "Images et mémoires de la 1re Armée française (1943-2015)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MON30085.
Повний текст джерелаThe 1st French Army under General de Lattre de Tassigny's command is fading from the collective memory of French society, despite having freed a large portion of France. The “Rhine and Danube” association, the natural guardian of the 1st French Army's legacy, failed to disseminate its story. Competition with other memorable events of the Second World War, the role of the State, the Ministry of Education ... overshadowed the significant contribution of the de Lattre Army to the Liberation of France, from the landing in Provence and onward
Thielen, Ophélie. "Le recours à la force dans le cadre des opérations de maintien de la paix contemporaine." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010319.
Повний текст джерелаCatros, Simon. "Sans vouloir intervenir... : Les états-majors généraux français – Armée, Marine, Armée de l’Air et Colonies – dans la prise de décision en politique étrangère, 1935-1939." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040106/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis dissertation is a contribution to the rich historiography of France’s foreign policy in the 1930s. Its aim is to explore the specific role played by France’s general staffs in shaping foreign policy, drawing largely on sources that have recently come to light. Employing a combination of structural analysis and case studies, it focuses on a five-year period for the purpose of examining the role played by France’s general staffs in the decision-making process, both in routine affairs and in each succeeding diplomatic crisis, from the proclamation of Germany’s rearmament to the Wehrmacht’s offensive in Poland. The study begins by exploring the general staffs’organization, composition, and functioning, as well as their relations with the Foreign Affairs Ministry and the place they occupied in the decision-making process. An analysis of their perceptions of the diplomatic and strategic situation, and of domestic and international political developments, sheds light on the multiple, complex, and occasionally contradictory motives behind their interventions in foreign policy. Lastly, a study of the forms of intervention and a review of their results reveal the significance and, in some cases, the decisiveness of the general staffs’ role in shaping French diplomacy from Rome in January 1935 to Moscow in August 1939, by way of Stresa, London, and Munich
Catros, Simon. "Sans vouloir intervenir... : Les états-majors généraux français – Armée, Marine, Armée de l’Air et Colonies – dans la prise de décision en politique étrangère, 1935-1939." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040106.
Повний текст джерелаThis dissertation is a contribution to the rich historiography of France’s foreign policy in the 1930s. Its aim is to explore the specific role played by France’s general staffs in shaping foreign policy, drawing largely on sources that have recently come to light. Employing a combination of structural analysis and case studies, it focuses on a five-year period for the purpose of examining the role played by France’s general staffs in the decision-making process, both in routine affairs and in each succeeding diplomatic crisis, from the proclamation of Germany’s rearmament to the Wehrmacht’s offensive in Poland. The study begins by exploring the general staffs’organization, composition, and functioning, as well as their relations with the Foreign Affairs Ministry and the place they occupied in the decision-making process. An analysis of their perceptions of the diplomatic and strategic situation, and of domestic and international political developments, sheds light on the multiple, complex, and occasionally contradictory motives behind their interventions in foreign policy. Lastly, a study of the forms of intervention and a review of their results reveal the significance and, in some cases, the decisiveness of the general staffs’ role in shaping French diplomacy from Rome in January 1935 to Moscow in August 1939, by way of Stresa, London, and Munich
Fonséca, Félix. "Liens entre l'identité morale individuelle et l'expression de comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle considérés comme dimension informelle de l'éthique : étude appliquée aux Forces armées canadiennes." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69582.
Повний текст джерелаThe Canadian Department of National Defense (DND) developed an ethics program for its employees, including for the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF), in the late 1990s to address some of the problems observed in the workplace and during overseas missions in which the CAF was involved. Various ways, such as training and strengthening leadership in the workplace, are used to ensure that Canadian military members comply with ethical rules and adhere to standards prescribed in codes of conduct. However, despite the implementation of this program over 20 years ago, there are still ethical issues in the field, ranging from refusal to report unethical acts to gross professional negligence (Bradley & Tymchuk 2013; Coulthard, 2013; 2013; Deschamps, 2015; Statistics Canada, 2014; Ivey, Blanc, Therrien, &. McCuaig-Edge, 2009). Thus, the formalization of ethics through codes of conduct and its promotion through training has not made it possible to eliminate inappropriate behaviour in this area or to understand how individuals engage with ethics within an organization. This thesis aims to shed light on this engagement by seeking to understand the relationship between moral identity and organizational citizenship behaviours within the CAF. This contribution may in turn enable the CAF to consider the role of extra-roles and pro-social behaviours in establishing and strengthening its soldiers' ethical behaviour. More specifically, this thesis aims to verify a model postulating direct relationships between moral identity and organizational citizenship behaviours, and a moderation of this relationship by three socio-professional characteristics retained following the literature review: training, number of years of service in the CAF and rank (term used by the CAF and in this thesis to designate the hierarchical level or seniority). The research design is transversal (synchronic) and quantitative in nature; it is justified by the fact that the data from the literature show that it is possible to measure and analyze the variables taken into account adequately. For the following three reasons, this research is carried out using secondary data from the Defense Ethics Survey -measuring ethical risk within DND / CAF, 2014-2015: 1. the number of respondents which allows to perform efficient statistical analyzes; 2. The metric qualities of the instruments used; 3. the possibility of carrying out original analyzes on the information collected. A total of 1,028 CAF Regular Force members completed the survey questionnaire, either in hard copy or electronically. The results analysis strategy was based on a combination of statistical tests. Some, such as confirmatory factor analyzes and cronbach's alphas were aimed at verifying the metric qualities of the instruments used. The others (univariate analysis of variance tests using SPSS, multivariate tests by structural equation, using AMOS) aimed to verify whether the data collected made it possible to find links going in the direction of the hypotheses. The main results emerging from the analysis can be summarized as follows . First, there is a significant and positive association, among the military members consulted, between the manifestation of traits relating to moral identity and the perceived expression of organizational citizenship behaviours. More specifically, military members who exhibit more traits relating to moral identity are more likely to help their organization and colleagues at work. Second, although it exerts only a partial moderating effect on the relationship between a soldier's moral identity and their capacity to express organizational citizenship behaviours, ethics training helps to strengthen the relationship between the soldier's morale identity and his willingness to help his organization and co-workers. Third, the number of years of service acts as a moderating factor on the relationship between moral identity and conscientiousness (social conscience towards the CAF and the importance given to one's work and CAF values) only for military members with fewer years of service. Fourth, rank or seniority does not have a moderating effect on the relationship between the soldier's moral identity and his capacity to express organizational citizenship behaviours. Theoretical contributions (relationship between moral identity and organizational citizenship behaviours seen as a manifestation of informal ethics) and practical contributions (development, by the CAF, of moral identity, taking into account of informal ethics, informal ethics training) of this research are analyzed. The methodological limits, in particular those relating to the research objective, the research design and the instruments used, are discussed. Finally, avenues of research are suggested, whether to supplement or improve the information studied in the context of this research.
Bodoyan, Armen. "Comportement hydraulique d'un grand bassin artésien (Lac Sevan) traversé par une faille active plurikilométrique (Arménie)." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20162.
Повний текст джерелаPetit, Romain. "L' esprit de défense à l'épreuve de la professionnalisation de l'armée française : transformation d'un appareil d'État singulier, 1996-2007." Montpellier 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON30035.
Повний текст джерелаThe advent of the all-volonteer forces has led to a profound change in the French defence system. The suspension of the draft, a new policy attuned to international and European issues, the restructuring of public management and the increasing weight of humanitarian concerns have combined to bring about a reshaping of the identity of the French soldier. To fully grasp the extent of such a reform and its impact on defence awareness within French society is the primary aim of this dissertation. The survival of the bond between the nation and its armed forces in the context of globalization and new strategic policies, together with the necessary mending of the social fabric loom large in the following pages
Delorge, Jeanne-Marie. "L'évolution du jus ad bellum : du droit de recourir à la force armée." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05D009.
Повний текст джерелаThis work relates to the evolution of the right to resort to force. With through times, the recourse to armed force, which is a particular form of war, was limited. But prohibition to employ the sovereign right to recourse to force in international relations is a very recent conquest of the Humanity which allows the States to live in a world of peace today. So that is remains, peace supposes that the war becomes an illicit act in international law and that there is an institutional framework in which the collective security can exists. The recourse to the force remains: either centralized in the hands of a restricted body or within the framework of the self-defence. Although all the States accepted this system, some of them, most powerful, try to escape from the rules while trying to justify and legitimate their actions in comparison with the international law