Статті в журналах: "Arm and forearm bones"

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Kumar, Anand, Sonia Jaiswal, P. K. Sharma, and Vineeta Tewari. "THE STUDY OF NUTRIENT FORAMEN OF BONES OF ARM AND FOREARM IN ADULTS." ERA'S JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH 5, no. 1 (June 2018): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24041/ejmr2018.59.

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Sharma, Atul Rai, Akash Singhal, Anurag Patil, and Gladson David Masih. "An unusual case of both bones forearm shaft fracture with ipsilateral distal radio-ulnar joint disruption." Journal of Emergency Practice and Trauma 8, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 66–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jept.2021.12.

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Objective: Distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) subluxation with associated both bones forearm fracture is a rare clinical entity and is easily missed, leading to significant functional limitations. Case Presentation: A 28-year-old male fell on the outstretched hand and suffered left side both bones forearm shaft fracture with ipsilateral DRUJ disruption. Operative intervention in the form of plating was done for both bones forearm shaft fracture and DRUJ was stabilised with one k wire and above elbow plaster splint in full supination was given for 6 weeks. At one-year follow-up, fracture was united and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score was 11.7, and he was well satisfied. Conclusion: DRUJ disruption should be carefully evaluated in all the patients with associated shaft fractures of radius and ulna. Timely diagnosis and optimal intervention may prevent any functional limitations.

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Hong, Eunah, Dai-Soon Kwak, and In-Beom Kim. "Morphological symmetry of the radius and ulna—Can contralateral forearm bones utilize as a reliable template for the opposite side?" PLOS ONE 16, no. 10 (October 6, 2021): e0258232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258232.

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The most important precondition for correction of the affected forearm using data from the contralateral side is that the left and right bone features must be similar, in order to develop patient-specific instruments (PSIs) and/or utilize computer-assisted orthopedic surgery (CAOS). The forearm has complex anatomical structure, and most people use their dominant hand more than their less dominant hand, sometimes resulting in asymmetry of the upper limbs. The aim of this study is to investigate differences of the bilateral forearm bones through a quantitative comparison of whole bone parameters including length, volume, bowing, and twisting parameters, and regional shape differences of the forearm bones. In total, 132 bilateral 3D radii and ulnae 3D models were obtained from CT images, whole bone parameters and regional shape were analyzed. Statistically significant differences in whole bone parameters were not shown. Regionally, the radius shows asymmetry in the upper section of the central part to the upper section of the distal part. The ulna shows asymmetry in the lower section of the proximal part to the lower section of the central part. Utilizing contralateral side forearm bones to correct the affected side may be feasible despite regional differences in the forearm bones of around 0.5 mm.

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Belyaletdinova, Ilmira Kh, Irina V. Mitrofanova, Tatjana V. Kirichenko, Elena N. Abramova, Tatjana V. Arsenyeva, Marina V. Bazarova, and Svetlana V. Shakhgildyan. "EARLY CONGENITAL SYPHILITIC PSEUDOPARALYSIS (PARROT’S DISEASE): A CLINICAL CASE." Current pediatrics 17, no. 2 (May 22, 2018): 152–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v17i2.1882.

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Background.Congenital syphilis is a severe intrauterine infection which, affecting most of the organs and systems of a child, can lead to his disability. However, it is extremely difficult to suspect congenital syphilis in a child in the absence of information about prior syphilis in his mother. The article presents a case of a monosymptomatic clinical picture of early congenital syphilis.Description of the Clinical Case. At the age of 1 month, the child had hyperemia, isolated edema of the right forearm, and restriction of limb movements. He was examined by a pediatrician who suspected a fracture of the forearm bones. X-ray did not show any fracture. The situation was regarded as an allergic reaction; desensitizing therapy was prescribed during which the range of movements in the right arm slightly increased. At the age of 2 months, there was a decrease in the range of movements in the left arm. On admission, the condition was regarded as moderate one. No fever; no signs of intoxication. Skin and visible mucous membranes were not changed. Cardiopulmonary activity was satisfactory. The abdomen was palpable in all compartments, painless. The liver was enlarged 6 cm, of dense consistency. The spleen was enlarged 5 cm. Bowel and bladder functions were normal. Neurological status: the reaction to examination was adequate, emotional cry. Cranial nerves without pathology. Can see and hear. Restricted range of movements in the arms; passive movements were painful. Muscle tone in the arms was low, in the legs — closer to physiological one. Equal and brisk tendon reflexes from the arms and legs. Large fontanel 1.5[1]1.5 cm, not protruded. X-ray examination of the forearm bones showed a change in the structure of the epiphyses of both forearm bones that was common to syphilitic osteochondritis.Conclusion. The article describes the complexity of diagnosis of early congenital syphilis in a child aged 2 months in the absence of a corresponding anamnesis in his mother. The need to rule out syphilitic infection in infants with motor impairments, born from unexamined mothers, has been emphasized.

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Zaslavskyi, Petro S. "THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CORRECTION OF HAND MOTILITY BY MEANS OF PHYSICAL THERAPY, OCCUPATION THERAPY (HAND THERAPY) IN THE REHABILITATION PROCESS OF MILITARY SERVANTS WITH THE CONSEQUENCES OF GUNSHOT POLYSTRUCTURAL FOREARM BONE FRACTURES." Clinical and Preventive Medicine, no. 4 (September 30, 2023): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31612/2616-4868.4(26).2023.02.

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Aim: to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed program of hand therapy on the parameters of upper limb motility in wounded military servants with the consequences of a gunshot polystructural forearm bones fracture in the post-immobilization period Materials and methods. 49 military servants with the consequences of a gunshot polystructural forearm bone fractures were examined. The control group (23 persons) underwent rehabilitation according to general polyclinic principles. The main group (26 persons) underwent rehabilitation using tools and principles of hand therapy (therapeutic exercises and functional training for the wrist and fingers, forearm, shoulder, all joints of the upper limb, exercises on the mechanotherapeutic table MAPS THERAPY; Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation, massage of the upper limbs; kinesiological taping; orthotics) lasting 1 month. The effectiveness of the program was evaluated by the functioning of the upper limb when performing the Action Research Arm Test and dexterity by the Nine-hole peg test. Results. In the injured persons with the consequences of a gunshot polystructural fracture of the bones of the forearm in the post-immobilization period, deterioration of the motility of the upper limb according to the Action Research Arm Test and dexterity according to the Nine-hole peg test, which are factors of disruption of the normal functioning of the upper limb, were determined. After the rehabilitation intervention, all examined persons showed an improvement in motility according to the Action Research Arm Test in the control group by 14.7%, in the main group by 35.4%, according to the Nine-hole peg test - by 61.8% and 22.3%, respectively. According to all studied parameters, the patients of both groups showed a statistically significantly better result compared to the initial data (p<0.05), however, the subjects of the main group showed a better result than the patients of the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions. The hand therapy program demonstrated a statistically significantly better effect (p<0.05) on all studied indicators of upper limb motility compared to the polyclinic rehabilitation program, which confirms the need for the use of specialized rehabilitation directions in patients with upper limb injuries that take into account the anatomical and physiological features of the hand and its role in activities of daily living.

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Shvedovchenko, I. V., and V. S. Prokopovich. "Surgical treatment of proximal forms of congenital ectromelia of the upper limbs in children." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 9, no. 4 (February 2, 2022): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto99994.

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Three cases of the proximal form of congenital upper extremities ectromelia (two cases in 4 years and 1 case in 9 years old patient) are presented. The combination of symptoms of this rare malformation including the defects of the arm and forearm bones as well as aplasia of the radial rays of the wrist is described. Complex program for surgical treatment of ectromelia is suggested. The program includes the reconstruction of the arm length and formation of the shoulder using microsurgical transplantation of the fragment of the external border of the scapula, elimination of the forearm deformity by double-sided centering of the wrist, restoration of holding function using either the separation of one of triphalangeal fingers or transplantation of toes to the position of I radial ray. The results achieved in those three patients allowed to represent the new program as an alternative to the prosthetics.

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Odero, A., F. Chierichetti, E. Canidio, and S. Savasta. "Aplasia of the Radial Artery." Cardiovascular Surgery 1, no. 3 (June 1993): 270–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096721099300100315.

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A 2-year-old girl with asymmetrical upper limbs and underdevelopment of the bones of the left forearm, wrist and hand with associated muscular and osteal hypoplasia is described. Doppler ultrasonography of the arterial trunks of the upper limb suggested a normal ulnar trunk in the left upper arm, an arterial vessel extending from the bend of the elbow to the distal third of the forearm, and the absence of any other arterial trunks in the radial region. Angiography confirmed that vascularization of the forearm was sustained by the ulnar artery, which supported the dorsal arch of the carpus and digital arteries arising from it. The interosseal artery was morphologically normal but there was aplasia of the radial artery. It is suggested that this malformation is the result of suppressed development of the vascular system of the left radial segment as other pathologies normally associated with the condition were absent.

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Oeckenpöhler, Simon, Martin Franz Langer, and Oliver Riesenbeck. "Missed Essex-Lopresti Injury—Development of a Combined Proximal and Distal Radio-Ulnar Joint Prosthesis as a Treatment Option and Proof of Concept." Healthcare 11, no. 16 (August 11, 2023): 2274. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11162274.

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Essex-Lopresti injuries are characterized by injuries to the proximal radio-ulnar joint, the distal radio-ulnar joint, and the interosseous membrane. This can lead to osteoarthritis, impaction syndrome, or instability. If all three structures are injured and lead to instability, the situation is almost unmanageable and many times ends in a one-bone forearm. In this article, we demonstrate a new way to reconstruct the proximal and distal radio-ulnar joint with two patient-specific coupled prostheses. These have been developed with the biomechanical conditions of the forearm in mind, where there are very large forces between the bones. As a result, we are able to present a patient previously severely restricted in the use of his hand and arm via a splint that compressed the forearm, who is now able to perform everyday activities and even light sports, such as badminton, without pain.

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Zdun, Maciej, Katarzyna Szczepańska, Arkadiusz Grzeczka, Hieronim Frąckowiak, Bartosz Gapiński, and Michał Wieczorowski. "Ultrasonography, Microcomputed Tomography, and Macroscopic Preparation in an Anatomical Study of the Thoracic Limb of the Golden-Headed Lion Tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas)." Applied Sciences 12, no. 3 (January 19, 2022): 1031. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12031031.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the normal anatomy of the forearm of the golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) using microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) and ultrasonography (US) and then compare the results with the results of a gross anatomy dissection of the forearm. The results of the US examination of the musculoskeletal system of the tamarin forearm were not satisfactory. US imaging enabled observation of the shape of the soft tissue and the size of muscle groups; however, we distinguished more muscles by traditional methods. In addition, in the dissection study, the assessment of the muscles was easier. Examination of the forearm bones using micro-CT provided a complete picture of the bones in this part of the body and was less time-consuming than traditional methods. Imaging allows the anatomy to be represented as a 3D image. However, some methods are not accurate; as in our study, US did not allow a complete assessment of the forearm musculature.

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Biswas, Atin, Kanchan Kumar Sabui, Anindya Basu, and Prasun Mandal. "Comparative study of internal fixation of diaphyseal fractures of both bones of the forearm in adults between intramedullary nailing and plate osteosynthesis." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 14, no. 2 (February 1, 2023): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v14i2.48869.

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Background: Diaphyseal forearm fracture is one of the most commonly encountered fractures of the upper extremity. The literatures comparing the outcome of plate fixation and intramedullary nailing in adults are scarce and therefore the consensus on superiority of one over the other is lacking. This study was undertaken to compare the outcome of these operative techniques in adults with diaphyseal fracture of both bone forearm. Aims and Objectives: This study was undertaken to compare the outcome of plate fixation and intramedullary nailing in adults with diaphyseal fracture of both bone forearm. Materials and Methods: Patients of 18–70 years of age, with diaphyseal fractures of both bones of the forearm of <21 days old, were recruited. Patients were randomly allocated to two treatment groups: intramedullary nailing and plate osteosynthesis. Patients were followed up at 4th week, 12th week, and 24th week post-operative period. Functional outcome was measured at the end of 24th week based on the Clinical and Radiological parameters by Anderson et al., Score, Grace-Eversman Score, and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) Score. Results: This study comprised of 40 cases (n=40) who completed the follow-up period of 24 weeks. Most of the patients treated with plate (80%) demonstrated excellent outcome as per Anderson et al., score while the outcome was unsatisfactory in 50% of those treated with nails. About 90% of the patients of plate group had excellent result in contrast to 50% in case of nail group following Grace Eversman criteria. Considering DASH score, the former group showed mostly excellent (40%) and good (45%) outcome while the latter exhibited mostly fair (55%) and good (30%) result. Conclusion: It may be stated that plate osteosynthesis is a better option in the treatment of diaphyseal fracture of both bones forearm in adults.

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Musters, Linde, Leon W. Diederix, Pim P. Edomskis, Kasper C. Roth, Joyce L. Benner, Gerald A. Kraan, Jan H. Allema, Max Reijman, Denise Eygendaal, and Joost W. Colaris. "Improved forearm rotation even after early conversion to below-elbow cast for non-reduced diaphyseal both-bones forearm fractures in children: a secondary 7.5-year follow up of a randomized trial." Acta Orthopaedica 94 (October 6, 2023): 493–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/17453674.2023.18340.

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Background and purpose: previous RCT compared short-term results of above-elbow cast (AEC) with early conversion to below-elbow cast (BEC) in children with non-reduced diaphyseal both-bone forearm fractures. After 7 months both groups had comparable function. Our primary aim was to investigate whether forearm rotation improves or worsens over time. Secondary aims were loss of flexion and extension of the elbow and wrist, patient-reported outcomes measures, grip strength ratio, and radiographic assessment.Patients and methods: We performed long-term follow-up (FU) of a previous RCT. All patients were invited again for the long-term FU measurements. Primary outcome was limitation of forearm rotation. Secondary outcomes were loss of flexion and extension of the elbow and wrist compared with the contralateral forearm, the ABILHAND-Kids questionnaire and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, grip strength ratio, and radiographic assessment.Results: The mean FU was 7.5 (4.4–9.6) years. Of the initial 47 children, 38 (81%) participated. Rotation improved in both groups over time, with no significant difference in the final forearm rotation: 8° (SD 22) for the AEC group and 8° (SD 15) for the BEC group with a mean difference of 0° (95% confidence interval –13 to 12). Secondary outcomes showed no statistically significant differences. Finally, children < 9 years almost all have full recovery of function.Conclusion: Long-term follow-up showed that loss of forearm rotation after a non-reduced diaphyseal both-bone forearm fracture improved significantly compared with that at 7 months, independent of the initial treatment and children aged < 9 will have almost full recovery of function. This substantiates that the remaining growth behaves like a “friend” at long-term follow-up.

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Patankar, Hemant, Soniya Patankar, Nikhil Tandon, and Abhishek Bairy. "Fibrous Dysplasia of Radius Bone-excision and Fibula Graft: A Case Report." Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports 12, no. 5 (2022): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.13107/jocr.2022.v12.i05.2804.

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Introduction: Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a congenital disorder in which the bone is distorted and replaced by poorly organized and structurally unsound fibrous tissue. The disorder can be localized to a single bone or affects multiple bones. Although any bone can be affected, the bones of the upper extremity are less commonly involved by the disease. The disease process results in deformity of the bones and is often complicated by pathological fractures. Case Report: A 14-year-old girl presented with gradually progressive deformity of the right forearm for the past 1 year associated with mild pain. Skeletal radiographs of the right forearm revealed an expansile lytic lesion with ground glass appearance involving the proximal meta-diaphysis of the right radius, with its resultant bowing. The zone of transition was narrow and there was no evidence of matrix calcification. The lesion was causing thinning of the bony cortex. With this radiographic appearance in mind, a diagnosis of FD of the radius was put forth. The lesion was managed surgically. The proximal three-fourth of the radius bone was exposed and the lesion was excised along with 1 cm of normal bone on the distal side. Proximally, a thin shell of the cortex was preserved after curettage of the proximal end of the radius. Fibular cortical strut graft was harvested from the leg of same side. Graft length was kept 2 cm more than the excised bone to avoid shortening of the forearm. The graft was beveled on the distal end and jammed into the shaft of the distal radius such that 1 cm of graft was inside the original bone. A long arm or above elbow splint was applied keeping the elbow at 90 degrees of flexion and the forearm in supination for a total of 6 months. The patient was being followed up regularly. Follow-up radiographs obtained at 7 months revealed complete incorporation of the cortical bone graft with reformation of the intramedullary bone canal and restoration of hand and elbow function. Conclusion: Non-vascularized fibular cortical strut grafting is an effective treatment modality for FD of radius bone. External or internal fixation is not necessary if a tightly fitting cortical graft is jammed into the defect caused by lesion excision.

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Lee, Patrick, Allison Z. Piatek, Michael J. DeRogatis, and Paul S. Issack. "Combined Ipsilateral Humeral Shaft and Galeazzi Fractures Creating a Floating Elbow Variant." Case Reports in Orthopedics 2018 (November 8, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7430297.

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“Floating elbow” injuries of the arm traditionally represent a combination of humeral shaft and forearm fractures which require anatomic rigid open reduction and internal fixation of all fractures to allow for early range of motion exercises of the elbow. There are published variants of the floating elbow injury which include ipsilateral diaphyseal humeral fracture, proximal ulna fracture with proximal radioulnar joint disruption, and ipsilateral diaphyseal humeral fracture with elbow dislocation and both bones forearm fracture. We present the case of a 21-year-old woman whose left arm became caught between the side of a waterslide and adjacent rocks at a park. She sustained a torsional and axial loading injury to her left upper extremity resulting in ipsilateral humeral shaft and Galeazzi fractures. The combination of ipsilateral humeral shaft and Galeazzi fractures resulted in a rare floating elbow variant. Prompt open reduction and internal fixation of both fractures and early range of motion of the elbow and wrist resulted in an excellent clinical and radiographic result. Floating elbow injuries and their variants should be promptly recognized as early anatomic reduction, and rigid internal fixation can allow for good elbow function with minimization of stiffness.

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Нетесин, Evgeniy Netesin, Пусева, Marina Puseva, Лебединский, Vladislav Lebedinskiy, Михайлов, and Ivan Mikhaylov. "MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RABBIT’S FOREARM BONES GRAFT AT THE STIMULATION OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE POINTS." Бюллетень Восточно-Сибирского научного центра Сибирского отделения Российской академии медицинских наук 1, no. 1 (April 22, 2016): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21484.

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The article presents the study of features of formation and remodeling of distraction graft of rabbits’ forearm bones at the passage of transosseous elements through acupuncture points. The aim of the work was to develop and perform quantitative estimation of regenerative process at the healing of forearm bone fractures using morphometric researches. We studied morphofunctional changes of graft on different stages of ossification using morphoscopy and morphometry and compared their quantitative characteristics with the ones in intact bone. Used index systems of estimation of regeneration processes at the healing of forearm bone fractures allow to reveal larger degree of statistical significance of obtained results not only in comparison with intact bone but also in over the time of experiment. Using quantitative variables and index estimation of regenerative processes at the healing of forearm bone fractures allow not only to objectify character of their changes but also to predict variability of its value.

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Aflanie, Iwan, Nurul Qomariah, and Mashuri Mashuri. "KORELASI PANJANG LENGAN BAWAH DAN TINGGI BADAN MAHASISWI SUKU BANJAR FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS LAMBUNG MANGKURAT." Berkala Kedokteran 13, no. 1 (May 12, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jbk.v13i1.3432.

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Abstract: Estimated height has an important role in identifying unknown bodies, incomplete, and the residual bone. Measurements in the long bones such as the forearm are better used to determine the height because it is the best result among the other members of the body size. The purpose of this study was to analyzed a correlation between the forearm length with the height of Banjar Tribe’s students of Medical Faculty of Lambung Mangkurat University and to obtain height estimation formula based on the forearm length in Banjar Tribe’ female. The research method is an analytical observation with cross sectional approach. The research subjects were taken by purposive sampling with samples of 52 people and were analyzed by Pearson correlation and linear regression analysis. The results of Pearson test showed that the value of p = 0,00 for the right and left arm with the value of r = 0.974 for the right arm and r = 0.972 for the left arm, which means there is a very strong relationship between the forearm length with height. It is concluded that there is a very strong correlation between the forearm length with students height of Banjar tribe Medical Faculty of Lambung Mangkurat University with height estimation formula Height = 63,838 + 3,693 x length of the right forearm and Height = 61,873 + 3,780 x left forearm length. Keywords: identification, height estimation, Banjar tribe’ female Abstrak: Memperkirakan tinggi badan mempunyai peranan penting dalam mengidentifikasi jenazah tidak dikenal, tidak lengkap, dan sisa tulang. Pengukuran pada tulang panjang seperti lengan bawah lebih baik digunakan untuk menentukan tinggi badan karena merupakan hasil terbaik diantara ukuran anggota tubuh yang lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis korelasi antara panjang lengan bawah dengan tinggi badan dan mendapatkan formula estimasi tinggi badan berdasarkan panjang lengan bawah pada mahasiswi suku Banjar Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat. Metode penelitian adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengambilan subjek penelitian dengan cara purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 52 orang. Analisis yang digunakan dengan analisis korelasi Pearson. Hasil uji Pearson didapatkan nilai p = 0,00 untuk lengan kanan dan kiri. Hubungan antara panjang lengan bawah kanan dengan tinggi badan memiliki nilai r = 0,974, sedangkan hubungan antara panjang lengan bawah kiri dengan tinggi badan memiliki nilai r = 0,972. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat korelasi yang sangat kuat antara panjang lengan bawah dengan tinggi badan pada mahasiswi suku Banjar Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat dengan formula estimasi tinggi badan TB = 63,838 + 3,693 x panjang lengan bawah kanan dan TB = 61,873 + 3,780 x panjang lengan bawah kiri. Kata-kata kunci : identifikasi, estimasi tinggi badan, wanita suku Banjar

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Bondarenko, A. V., V. A. Peleganchuk, E. A. Pacnonova, S. A. Pechenin, A. V. Bondarenko, V. A. Peleganchuk, E. A. Raspopova, and S. A. Pechenin. "Destruction of Implants after Extraosseous Osteosynthesis of Long Bones Fractures." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 11, no. 2 (June 15, 2004): 41–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto200411241-43.

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The results of treatment of 337 patients, aged from 15 to 75 years, with femur (175 patients), shin (41), arm (76) and forearm (45) fractures were analyzed. Open injuries were present in 42 (12,5%) and closed ones in 295 (87,5%) patients. According to AO classification type A fractures were diagnosed in 146 (43,3%), type В - in 103 (30,6%), type С - in 88 (26,1%) patients. In all patients osteosynthesis with plates and fixing screws was performed. In 37(11%) patients destruction of the implant took place. The dependence of that complication on the pattern of injury and type of fracture is detected: in open and comminuted fractures the rate of implant destruction was reliably higher. Mechanical destruction of the internal fixation system was presented by two variants: either break of a plate in the zone of the most intensive stress and a screw, or bone destruction in the site of screw insertion. In all cases of implant destruction the nonunion of fractures due to devitalization or absence of intermediate fragments was observed.

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Byrchak, V. M. "Effectiveness of the Influence of Physical Therapy on the Indicators of the Neurological and Functional Status of the Hand in People with Compression Neuropathy of the Median Nerve as a Postimmobilization Complication of Fractures of the Distal Forearm Bo." Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu 6, no. 1 (February 26, 2021): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.26693/jmbs06.01.255.

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The social inconsistency of patients with hand injuries is due to the limitation of the possibilities of professional and labor activity (reduced qualifications, limited opportunities for training and retraining, inability to work in their specialty), which justifies the search for new methods of their rehabilitation. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of physical therapy on the indicators of the neurological and functional status of the hand in patients with compression neuropathy of the median nerve as a postimmobilization complication of fractures of the distal forearm bones. Material and methods. The study involved 56 people with postimmobilization contractures of the wrist joint, complicated by compression neuropathy of the median nerve, as a result of fracture of the bones of the distal forearm. They were divided into two groups: the control group (they practiced according to the principles of polyclinic rehabilitation with a predominance of passive means like manual techniques, preformed physical factors) and the main group (they were engaged in a developed physical therapy program based on the principles of International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health with a predominance of active means like functional training; massage; warm wet compress combined with post-isometric muscle relaxation, posture treatment; kinesiological taping). The effectiveness of the program was assessed by the presence and degree of pain (VAS and DN4), goniometry results, signs of median nerve irritation (Phalen, Hoffmann-Tinel, Durkan), French Arm Test, ABILIHAND, DASH, Boston carpal tunnel questionnaire. Results and discussion. After the rehabilitation intervention, all examined patients showed a decrease in the intensity of pain at rest and during movement (according to VAS). Signs of compression neuropathy of the median nerve decreased (pain intensity according to the DN4 questionnaire, the prevalence of specific symptoms, the results of a quantitative assessment of the Boston carpal tunnel questionnaire). There was an improvement in the functioning of the upper limb according to the ABILIHAND, DASH, French Arm Test scales. For all the studied parameters, the patients of both groups showed a statistically significantly better result compared to the initial data (p <0.05). However, the patients of the main group showed a better result than the patients of the control group (p <0.05). Conclusion. The developed program of physical therapy with the predominant using of active rehabilitation means revealed a statistically significant better effect on the indicators of the neurological and functional status of the hand in persons with compression neuropathy of the median nerve as a postimmobilization complication of fractures of the distal forearm bones

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Cherepakha, О. L., N. G. Gadzhula, and Т. О. Rekun. "The use of mnemonics for better academic performance of medical university students in the study of anatomical terms." Reports of Vinnytsia National Medical University 25, no. 2 (June 24, 2021): 305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/reports-vnmedical-2021-25(2)-21.

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Annotation. Mnemonics are a combination of special methods and techniques that make it easier to memorize the necessary information and increase the amount of memory by forming associations. The aim of the work is to develop techniques that will help medical students effectively learn anatomical terms by facilitating the memorization of large amounts of information. In this article, we used the following mnemonic techniques: first letter mnemonics or acronyms and the "Comparison" method - to identify common features in the studied and well-known material, namely the similarity in form. This article includes mnemonics that will help to easily learn the following terms namely the anatomy of the skeleton bones for memorizing the bones of the medial wall of the orbit, the bones in the nasal septum, the wrist bones, the ankle tarsal bones, recognition of thoracic vertebrae from the lumbar, cranial bones, upper limb bones, bones of the lower limb, the vertebral regions, the hand, the arm bones and the bone projections. Also included are mnemonics on the anatomy of the cranial nerves that pass through the superior orbital fissure and branches of the facial nerve, mnemonics on the anatomy of the peripheral nervous system, namely somatic nerve plexuses, which include the brachial plexus branches. Also included are mnemonics on the anatomy of the upper limbs muscles, namely the muscles that form the rotator cuff in the shoulder, muscles involved in elbow flexion and the anterior flexor muscles of the forearm and mnemonics on the anatomy of the trunk muscles, namely the paired erector spinae muscles and abdominal muscles. Finally, this article includes a mnemonic on the anatomy of the male reproductive system, namely the layers of the scrotum. In the future, new mnemonics will be developed that relate to splanchnology, anatomy of the central nervous system, anatomy of the sensory organs and anatomy of the cardiovascular system, which were not listed above.

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Chhaily, Zuhair A., Ahmed I. Joda, Ahmed S. Abd Ali, and Zaid H. Ali. "IS LOCKED COMPRESSION PLATE BETTER THAN LIMITED CONTACT DYNAMIC COMPRESSION PLATE IN TREATMENT OF CLOSED MIDDLE THIRD RADIUS AND ULNAR FRACTURES IN ADULTS: A SHORT-TERM COMPARATIVE STUDY." Iraqi Journal of Medical Sciences 20, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22578/ijms.20.1.19.

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Background: Forearm bone fracture is a commonly encountered fracture. The inception of locking compression plate (LCP) has revolutionized fracture management. With their dramatic success for articular fractures, there is a speculation that they might be more appropriate for diaphyseal fractures as well. Objective: To compare internal fixation of closed, middle third forearm fractures with LCP and limited contact dynamic compression plate (LC-DCP) in adults with respect to union rate, implant failure, functional outcome, and infection rate. Methods: Twenty-two patients with closed, middle third fractures of both the forearm bones were involved in this prospective, randomized, controlled study, which took place between February 2019 to January 2021. They were segregated into two groups based on open reduction and internal fixation with LCP (n=11) and with LC-DCP (n=11). Postoperative follow-up intervals of 1, 2, 6 weeks and 3, 6 months. The patients were assessed for implant failure, fracture union and function outcome of Andersons’ criteria to assess union, forearm rotation, and wrist flexion-extension, and disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) score for patient related outcome at the latest follow up. Results: The mean age of the patients was 30.9 years (range 19-47 years) with mean follow up about of 2 years. The union rate in LCP group was (100%) whereas in LC-DCP was (81.8%), the p value was (0.4), which is not statistically significant. The p value for Quick DASH score and Anderson’ criteria were (0.8 and 0.43), respectively which is also not statistically significant. No incidence of implant failure in both groups. Conclusion: Although LCP is an effective treatment alternative and may have a subtle edge over LC-DCP in the management of these fractures, their supremacy could not be certified. We deduce that surgical planning and expertise rather than the choice of implant are more pivotal for outstanding results. Keywords: Limited contact dynamic compression plate, locking compression plate, closed, middle third fractures, both bones of forearm Citation: Chhaily ZA, Joda AI, Abd Ali AS, Ali ZH. Is locked compression plate better than limited contact dynamic compression plate in treatment of closed middle third radius and ulnar fractures in adults: A short-term comparative study. Iraqi JMS. 2022; 20(1): 146-153. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.20.1.19

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Mokoena, Palesa, Brendon K. Billings, Mubarak A. Bidmos, and Pedzisai Mazengenya. "Sex estimation using dimensions around the nutrient foramen of the long bones of the arm and forearm in South Africans." Forensic Science International 278 (September 2017): 404.e1–404.e5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.06.037.

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Amilon, Sofia, Carl Bergdahl, Ebba Fridh, Torsten Backteman, Jan Ekelund, and David Wennergren. "How common are refractures in childhood?" Bone & Joint Journal 105-B, no. 8 (August 1, 2023): 928–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.105b8.bjj-2023-0013.r1.

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AimsThe aim of this study was to describe the incidence of refractures among children, following fractures of all long bones, and to identify when the risk of refracture decreases.MethodsAll patients aged under 16 years with a fracture that had occurred in a bone with ongoing growth (open physis) from 1 May 2015 to 31 December 2020 were retrieved from the Swedish Fracture Register. A new fracture in the same segment within one year of the primary fracture was regarded as a refracture. Fracture localization, sex, lateral distribution, and time from primary fracture to refracture were analyzed for all long bones.ResultsOf 40,090 primary fractures, 348 children (0.88%) sustained a refracture in the same long bone segment. The diaphyseal forearm was the long bone segment most commonly affected by refractures (n = 140; 3.4%). The median time to refracture was 147 days (interquartile range 82 to 253) in all segments of the long bones combined. The majority of the refractures occurred in boys (n = 236; 67%), and the left side was the most common side to refracture (n = 220; 62%). The data in this study suggest that the risk of refracture decreases after 180 days in the diaphyseal forearm, after 90 days in the distal forearm, and after 135 days in the diaphyseal tibia.ConclusionRefractures in children are rare. However, different fractured segments run a different threat of refracture, with the highest risk associated with diaphyseal forearm fractures. The data in this study imply that children who have sustained a distal forearm fracture should avoid hazardous activities for three months, while children with a diaphyseal forearm fracture should avoid these activities for six months, and for four and a half months if they have sustained a diaphyseal tibia fracture.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(8):928–934.

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Al-Sadek, Tabet A., Desislav Niklev, and Ahmed Al-Sadek. "Diaphyseal Fractures of the Forearm in Adults, Plating Or Intramedullary Nailing Is a Better Option for the Treatment?" Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 4, no. 4 (November 24, 2016): 670–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2016.138.

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BACKGROUND: Fractures of the radius and ulna occupy a large field of the modern traumatology. Therefore, these fractures are a major subject in modern orthopaedics and traumatology. The study of the mechanisms of the trauma, and the pathophysiological changes that occur are of great importance for the development of ever more efficient and varied ways of the treatment and prophylactics of this type of fracture.AIM: The aim of this paper was to study the pattern of the diaphyseal fractures of the forearm in adults, to decide the modalities of surgical management, to observe the period of fracture healing clinically and radiologically, as well to study the rehabilitation of the patients.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The present study included 45 cases of diaphyseal fractures of both bones forearm in adults presenting to the orthopaedic outpatient department. For all the patients a detailed history was taken. A thorough clinical examination was carried out, required X-rays were taken, and initial treatment was given and admitted as in all patients. After careful pre-operative planning and evaluation for anaesthetic fitness, patients were operated for the fractures of both bone forearms. Twenty-three cases with 46 fractures were treated by open reduction and rigid fixation with DCP & Semi-tubular plates and 22 cases with 44 fractures were treated by closed reduction and fixation with “Talwarkar” intramedullary square nails.RESULTS: United results were found in 100% of plating group vs. 86% in the nailing group. Delayed and non-union results were found in 9% of the nailing group only. Average time to union in weeks was 9.4 weeks in the plating group vs. 10.2 weeks in the nailing group.CONCLUSION: Open reduction and internal fixation with compression plates with strict adherence to surgical technique is the gold standard method of treatment in both bones forearm fractures with excellent results than closed reduction, internal fixation with “Talwarkar” square nails which is also again a simple method with better results than conservative methods.

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Saputra, Satria. "KORELASI PANJANG TULANG EKSTREMITAS DENGAN TINGGI BADAN DALAM IDENTIFIKASI FORENSIK." Indonesian Journal of Legal and Forensic Sciences (IJLFS) 11, no. 1 (June 17, 2021): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ijlfs.2021.v11.i01.p04.

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The measurement of extremity bones length in forensic identification can be used to determine the personal identity, one of which is the stature. Several studies have been conducted to generate predictive regression formula, yet, each formula resulted different number of one’s stature including various methods of its measurement. This research aims to analyze the correlation between extremity bones length with stature, measurement methods, final result deviation, and which part of extremity bones has the strongest correlations. The articles were searched and collected from Google scholar and Sciencedirect.com by entering “extremity bone length and stature” as the keywords in which 25 qualified articles were reviewed based on the inclusion criteria under this research. In terms of upper extremity, 10 of 17 articles revealed a correlation between forearm/radius and ulna bone with the stature (58.8%), 5 articles in upper arm/humerus bone (29,4%), and 2 articles in hand length (11,8). Meanwhile, in lower extremity, 4 of 9 articles showed a strong correlation between tibia and fibula bone with stature (44,5%), 3 articles in femur bone (33,3%), and 2 articles in foot length (22,2%). Based on the measurement methods, 24 articles (96%) used percutaneus measurement, and only 1 article (4%) used post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT). This research concluded that all the components of extremity bones length have a significant correlation with stature, although its correlation is various. The best method is percutaneus measurement to avoid the potential bias occurred in imaging method.

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Upenieks, Janis, Sintija Sloka, Aigars Petersons, and Anita Villerusa. "A 5-year Overview of Forearm Fracture Etiology and Treatment Options in 7-15 Years Old Children." Acta Chirurgica Latviensis 12, no. 1 (December 1, 2012): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10163-012-0008-6.

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SummaryIntroduction.Forearm fractures make up a significant part of overall fracture rate in pediatric population, especially in 7-15 years old children. Different methods of treatment have been used, depending on the age of children and type and localization of fracture. Most controversies can be seen among conservative and surgical methods of treatment.Aim of the Study.The aim of our study is to identify common localizations and types of forearm bone fractures in pediatric population, as well as analyze patient data and treatment process depending on selected method of treatment for out-patients and in-patients.Materials and Methods.Retrospective analysis of out-patient and in-patient records, treated in University Children’s hospital from 2007 to 2011 was made, including first time patients with fractures of one or both forearm bones, according to ICD-10 codes S52.0- S52.9. Demographical data, trauma mechanisms, localization and type of fracture, as well as applied treatment and stay length at hospital were analyzed. 1742 out-patients and 1029 in-patients, 7-15 years old at the moment of trauma, were included in this research.Results.2771 forearm fractures were registered, 62.9% patients were treated on out-patient basis, 37.1 % patients required treatment in hospital. Forearm bone fractures were gender specific - 2235 boys and 536 girls had to be treated (Male:Female ratio was 4.2 : 1). The peak incidence was seen in 13 years old boys and girls. Boys suffered from forearm fractures more often in any age group. Most common mechanisms of injuries causing forearm fractures in children were related with sports trainings - 22.1%, skiing - 15.0% and traffic injuries - 10.0%. Most common activities at the moment of trauma differ by season - during winter months they include skiing, skating and sledging while in summer falls from height, bicycles and swings are dominant. Several trauma mechanisms, like sport trainings, are not season-dependent. Some injury mechanisms differ significantly by gender. Boys were more often as girls injured during sports trainings and skiing, while girls experience forearm fractures due to bicycling and skating. Occurrence of forearm fractures in children has seasonal differences with two peaks: from June to August and from December to February. Distal forearm fractures are the most often seen localization of overall forearm fractures (42 % in boys and 36 % in girls). In out-patients group conservative treatment was performed - plaster immobilization in 1339 cases and closed reduction, followed by plaster immobilization in 403 cases. In-patients were treated both - conservatively with immobilization in 21 cases and closed reduction in 188 cases, and surgically with K-wire osteosynthesis in 137 cases or elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) in 683 cases. The type and localization of each fracture, along with the age of patient, are the key factors for choosing the right treatment method. K-wire osteosynthesis was performed in all age groups for unstable fractures in distal or proximal third of forearm. ESIN was a method of choice for unstable or comminuted midshaft fractures of one or both bones, metadiaphyseal fractures and some specific conditions (radial neck fractures, Monteggia fractures-dislocations), especially in older patients. Stay length at hospital was ranging from 1 to 2 hospital days in case of immobilization (mean = 1,05 days), from 1 to 4 days in closed reduction group (mean = 1,32 days), but 1 to 12 days in hospital spent children after K-wire osteosynthesis (mean = 1,99 days) or ESIN (mean = 2,38 days).Conclusions.1. Forearm fractures in children have a significant gender diversity (M : F ratio is 4,2 : 1).2. Peak incidence group is 13 years old adolescents of both genders.3. Seasonality and season-specific injury patterns are typical for pediatric forearm fractures.4. The most common anatomic localization is the distal segment of forearm bones.5. Younger children (7-9 years) are mainly treated by conservative methods, while methods of choice for treatment of forearm fractures in adolescents (13-15 years) are operative.6. Surgical treatment of fractures do not significantly increase stay length at hospital.

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Kara, Adnan, Mahmut Enes Kayaalp, Mehmet İşyar, Cem Sever, Melih Malkoç, and Mahir Mahiroğulları. "An Undescribed Monteggia Type 3 Equivalent Lesion: Lateral Dislocation of Radial Head with Both-Bone Forearm Fracture." Case Reports in Orthopedics 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8598139.

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Monteggia fractures are accepted as hard-to-recognize and easy-to-handle fractures. Adequate radiographic investigations and clinical examinations are necessities. This case holds unique features involving diagnosis and treatment. In this case, the radial head was dislocated laterally while both bones were fractured in the proximal diaphysis, being the first to be mentioned in the literature. Closed reduction of the ulna is the preferred method of handling and almost always results in reduction of the radial head. Literature obligates ulnar reduction as a preliminary to reduce and stabilize the radial head. Closed reduction reduced the ulna but the radial head was not reduced. Hence an intramedullary K-wire was used to reduce the radial head and a long arm cast was used to stabilize the reduction. The operation was successful and follow-up showed no complications.

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Izmalkov, Sergei N., Aleksandr N. Bratiychuk, Fedor A. Baranov, and Farid Sh Galeev. "Effectiveness of ESIN osteosynthesis in pediatric forearm diaphyseal fractures: A retrospective analysis." Science and Innovations in Medicine 8, no. 4 (November 3, 2023): 294–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.35693/2500-1388-2023-8-4-294-299.

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Aim to retrospectively evaluate the treatment results in children with diaphyseal forearm fractures operated on using intramedullary metal osteosynthesis with titanium elastic rods according to the Elastic Stable Intramedullary Nailing (ESIN) method. Material and methods. The treatment results of 79 children were included in the retrospective analysis. The patients' mean age was 11.8 years (from 6 to16 years). Results. The results of treatment were evaluated using the classification of Anderson et al. [20] in the early postoperative period, at 2, 4 and 6 months after surgery. Conclusion. The ESIN osteosynthesis for diaphyseal fractures of the forearm bones in children allows for achieving excellent treatment results and early limb functionality in the absolute majority of cases.

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Marinkovic, Nadica, and Jasenka Vasic-Vilic. "Correlation between the lenghts of the long bones of the forearm and the fibula with body height in our population." Vojnosanitetski pregled 69, no. 5 (2012): 394–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp1205394m.

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Background/Aim. The task of a forensic examiner during exhumation of skeletal remains is to calculate antemortem height of a person whose skeletal remains were found. Anthropological investigations which provided formulae for calculating ante-mortem body height date back from XIX or from the first half of XX centuries. The most commonly used formulae are those of Trotter- Gleser, which were used to investigate skeletal remains from the World War II. Those investigations were conducted on skeletal remains of various ages and degrees of decay. Our experience with exhumation have shown that the present formulae do not deliver reliable values of antemortem height. The aim of this study was to investigate if there is a correlation of the length of long bones of leg and forearm with body height within our population and to establish the formulae for calculating ante-mortem body height within our population based on the obtained values. Methods. The lengths of ulna, radius, fibula and tibia were determined precisely by measuring bones on living individuals using a digital X-ray system. The height of individuals whose bones were measured was determined using an anthropometer. Results. The highest degree of correlation between bone length and body height was found for tibia in males (r = 0.859, p < 0.005) and ulna in females (r = 0.679, p < 0.05). We calculated the regression formulae for determination of ante-mortem body height that differ from the current body height formulae. Conclusion. In our population the length of long bones of the forearm and the leg are characterized by various degree of correlation with body height. The formulae that we set, make less distinction between the measured and the calculated body height as compared with the Trotter-Gleser formulae. We do hope that their implementation will facilitate identification of sceletal remains in our population.

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Dimartino, Sara, Vito Pavone, Michela Carnazza, Enrica Rosalia Cuffaro, Francesco Sergi, and Gianluca Testa. "Forearm Fracture Nonunion with and without Bone Loss: An Overview of Adult and Child Populations." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 14 (July 15, 2022): 4106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11144106.

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Nonunion occurs in 2–10% of all forearm fractures due to different mechanical and biological factors, patient characteristics, and surgeon-dependent causes. It is a condition that causes functional and psychosocial disability for the patient because it is a unique anatomical segment in which all the bones and structures involved embody a complex functional unit; therefore, it is a challenge for the orthopedic surgeon. The ultimate goal of the care of these patients is the restoration of function and limitations related to impairment and disability. The aim of this review is to provide an extended description of nonunion forearm fractures, related risk factors, diagnosis, classification systems, and the available evidence for different types of treatment as a tool to better manage this pathology.

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S.H, Jayanth, Geetha K.B, Vidusha Vijay, and Manju Prakash. "Epidemiologic Studies, Acute Poisoning, Organophosphorous Compounds, House hold Products." Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology 15, no. 4 (December 15, 2022): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijfmp.0974.3383.15422.5.

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With the increasing frequency of mass disasters, the identification of mutilated remains becomes quite challenging. With commingling, identification becomes further difficult. During such investigations, there is a need to estimate the stature to narrow down the identity of the dead. Estimation of stature is more accurate and reliable using long bones than any other part of the body. Despite a need for such a study, there is a lack of systematic studies to identify fragmented and dismembered human remains. aim: The aim of the present study is to analyze the anthropometric relationship between forearm length and body height in both sexes specifically for a population of South India. materials and methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Dr. Chandramma Dayananda Sagar Institute of Medical Education and Research, Ramanagara District, Karnataka in the year 2022. The material consisted of 180 young and healthy students (90 males and 90 females) in the age group of 18-24 years after taking informed consent to participate in the study. Subjects of south Indian origin were selected based on their mother tongue. The data obtained were computed and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, version 26.0) computer software. results: In the present study, mean stature and forearm length were significantly higher in males than in females. A statistically significant correlation was observed between stature and forearm length. The correlation coefficient was higher among males than females. Linear regression models derived for the reconstruction of stature in males y = 2.5345 (forearm length) + 101.64 and in females is y = 3.4513 (forearm length) + 73.879. conclusion: The study concludes that stature can be estimated from forearm length with reasonable accuracy among South Indians. Sex-specific linear regression formulae were derived for estimating stature from forearm length.

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Haj Hmaidi, M. A., A. P. Prizov, F. L. Lazko, E. A. Belyak, M. F. Lazko, A. V. Kuznetsov, and I. A. Vasilyev. "Clinical Observation of Surgical Treatment of Recurrent Dislocation of the Forearm Bones." Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care" 13, no. 2 (September 6, 2024): 328–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.23934/2223-9022-2024-13-2-328-336.

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AIM OF STUDY. To describe a rare clinical case of surgical treatment of chronic recurrent dislocation of the forearm bones using the method of circular plastic surgery of the elbow joint ligaments. MATERIAL AND METHODS. In the conditions of the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics on the basis of the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics of the Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian Peoples’ Friendship University” in the V. M. Buyanov City Clinical Hospital of the Moscow Health Department, a comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of a 38-year-old patient with recurrent dislocation of the forearm bones was carried out. Clinical and radiological examinations including computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the elbow joint were performed to verify the diagnosis. After a diagnosis of chronic posterior instability of the elbow joint was established, simultaneous plastic surgery of the medial and lateral ulnar collateral ligaments was performed using a single-loop circular autograft from the peroneus longus tendon. RESULTS. At a follow-up period of 12 months, a successful clinical result of surgical treatment with restoration of stability and function of the elbow joint was observed. Pain syndrome on the VAS scale decreased to 1 cm (before surgery 0 cm) with physical activity. The amplitude of active movements in the elbow joint after surgery was: flexion 140° (before surgery 135°), extension 5° (before surgery 5°), pronation-supination 150° (before surgery 160°). After surgery: QuickDASH score 26 (before surgery 44 points), OES score 72 (before surgery 45), MEPS score 85 (before surgery 55). MEPS was score 55, OES was score 45, QuickDASH was 44 points, QuickDASH (work section) was score 75. CONCLUSION. The method of tendon circular plasty of the elbow joint is an effective method of surgical treatment of multidirectional recurrent instability of the elbow joint, helps restore stability and function of the joint and does not lead to limitation of movements.

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Hamdy, Mohamed S., Aly M. Elzawahry, Ihab S. Gado, and Mostafa A. A. El wafa. "Comparative study between intramedullary kirschner wires fixation and cast immobilisation in pediatric displaced diaphyseal both bones of forearm fractures." Egyptian Orthopaedic Journal 58, no. 3 (2023): 198–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/eoj.eoj_7_23.

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Abstract Background Forearm fractures involving the diaphysis are the third most frequent form of fracture in paediatrics. Conservative management is associated with higher risks of complications; therefore, the author aim to compare Kirschner (K) wire fixation with conservative management. Methods 56 children with displaced diaphyseal ulnar and radial fractures were allocated and randomized into two groups at Kasr Al-Ainy University Hospital: the first group was managed by conservative management with cast immobilisation, and the second group was managed by K wire fixation. The primary outcomes were the degrees of postoperative ulnar and radial angulations, the required time of union, the limitation of movement degrees, and the functional outcomes. The secondary outcome was the rate of complications. Results K wire fixation had better significant results compared with the cast immobilisation regarding the residual radial angulation (P < 0.001), ulnar angulation degree (P < 0.001), the range of movement of forearm supination or supination (P = 0.003), and the functional outcome (P = 0.049); however, the time of union was significantly longer in the K wire group compared with the cast group (P = 0.003). Both groups were not significantly different in the complication rate (P = 0.163). Conclusion Cast immobilisation is safe in managing displaced diaphyseal in both bones of forearm fractures; however, K wire fixation is preferred and shows better results, especially when a good reduction cannot be achieved by conservative cast immobilisation.

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Zaur, Zulfiqar Ali, Imtiaz Ahmed Tago, Niaz Hussain Keerio, Mehtabullah, Ghiasuddin Jan, Sartaj Lakhani, and Syed Shahid Noor. "A Cross-Sectional Study for the Analysis of Commonly Attained Fractures in Patients Admitted Followed by a Motorcycle Accident." International Journal of Current Research and Review 14, no. 10 (2022): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31782/ijcrr.2022.141011.

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Introduction: Road traffic accidents (RTA) are more common in developing countries due to a lack of resources to meet the societal challenges, economic challenges and health care services. Individuals responsible for such accidents are vulnerable users of roads, pedestrians and motorcyclists. The injuries attained by the RTAs considerably contribute to the burden of mortality on a global level. Studies show this pattern is seen more significantly in developing countries. Out of all kinds of accidents that happen on the road, the most dangerous and traumatic ones are associated with motorbikes. They are a serious reason for morbidity and mortality in the productive age, especially in the male gender. Aim: To determine the frequency of various fractures commonly attained during the motorcycle accidents. Methodology: The study included 140 participants presenting in the orthopedic unit with a history of motorbike accidents. A brief history of the patients was noted on an individual proforma. The examination was done for making a provisional diagnosis. All the patients were advised X-ray of the region where the fracture was expected. Results: The mean age of the patients was 32 ± 7.94 years. Out of 140 participants, 116 (82.86%) were male and 24 (17.15%) were females. A total of 41 (29.29%) were detected with fracture of the femur, 78 (55.71%) were detected with a fracture in the tibia, 11 (7.86%) had fractures in the humerus, and the remaining 10 (7.14%) were determined with fractures in radius and ulna. Conclusion: The highest percentage of fractures in a motorbike accident was determined in the bones of the leg. The commonest fractured bone was the tibia followed by femur. Arm and forearm bones had a lesser percentage of fracture compared to leg bones. However, these fractures can be prevented by following the rules and regulations of traffic as well as through preventive campaigns.

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Hodabalo, Towoezim Tchaa, Dossouvi Tamegnon, Dellanh Yaovi Yanick, Fare Gnandi-Piou, Ayouba Gamal, Bakriga Batarabadja, and Abalo Anani. "Aspects Cliniques et Indications Chirurgicales des Fractures Diaphysaires des os de l’Avant-Bras chez l’Adulte au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Kara." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 19, no. 30 (October 31, 2023): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2023.v19n30p109.

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Le but de cette étude était de décrire les aspects cliniques, thérapeutiques et évolutifs des fractures diaphysaires des os de l’avant-bras dans un pays à faible revenu. Méthodologie : Cette étude rétrospective a été conduite de janvier 2019 à décembre 2022. Elle a concerné les patients opérés et suivis dans le service pour fracture d’un ou des deux os de l’avant-bras. Résultats : durant la période d’étude, 36 dossiers de patients ont été retenus. L’âge moyen était de 38,2 ans avec des extrêmes de 18 et 65. Il y avait 26 hommes et 10 femmes, soit un sex-ratio de 2,6. Il y avait 61% (n=22) de fractures diaphysaires simultanée des deux os de l’avant-bras, 22% (n=8) de fractures de Galeazzi, et 8% (n= 3) de fractures de Monteggia. Dans 3 autres cas (8%) il y avait une fracture isolée et non déplacée de l’ulna. La fracture siégeait sur le radius dans 30 cas et sur l’ulna dans 28 cas, soit un total de 58 fractures. Le trait de fracture était simple (2R2A et 2U2A) dans 35 cas (60%). La fracture était ouverte dans 13 cas (36%). Sur le plan thérapeutique, le montage Plaque-Plaque était le plus réalisé pour les fractures fermées des deux os (13 cas), suivi d’une ostéosynthèse par embrochage centromédullaire de chaque os (5 cas), puis le montage hybride (4 cas). Le résultat global, anatomique et fonctionnel était excellent dans 85% (n=31), bon dans 9% (n=3), et moyen dans 6% (n=2). Conclusion : En dehors des plaques vissées, les broches de Kirchner jouent un rôle important dans le traitement des fractures de l’avant-bras au CHU Kara. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of diaphyseal forearm bone fractures in a low-income country. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted from January 2019 to December 2022. It included patients operated on and followed up for fracture of one or both forearm bones. Results: During the study period, 36 patients files were retained. The mean age was 38.2 years, with extremes of 17 and 65. There were 26 men and 10 women, giving an sex ratio of 2.6. There were 61% (n=22) simultaneous diaphyseal fractures of both forearm bones, 22% (n=8) Galeazzi fractures, and 8.33% (n=3) Monteggia fractures. In 3 other cases (8.33%), there was an isolated, non-displaced ulnar fracture. The fracture was located on the radius in 30 cases and on the ulna in 28 cases, for a total of 58 fractures. The fracture line was simple (2R2A and 2U2A) in 60.34%; n=35. The fracture was open in 36% (n=13). For simultaneous diaphyseal fractures of both forearm bones, open reduction and internal fixation by plate on each bone was the most common (13 cases), followed by centromedullary pinning of each bone (5 cases), then hybrid fixation (4 cases). The overall anatomical and functional outcome was excellent in 85% (n=31), good in 9% (n=3), and fair in 6% (n=2). Conclusion: Apart from plates fixations, Kirchner wires are very important in the treatment of forearm fractures at Kara University Hospital.

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Deependra Singh Rathore, Rita Marwaha, Nisha Bhalerao, and Swatantra Kumar Chourasia. "Efficacy of Marma Chikitsa in the Pain Management of Tennis Elbow - A Single Case Study." Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences 9, no. 5 (July 24, 2024): 326–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21760/jaims.9.5.56.

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Tennis elbow, also known as lateral epicondylitis, is a condition that can result from overuse of the muscles and tendons in the elbow. Tennis elbow is linked to repeated motions of the wrist and arm. Tennis elbow is often due to damage to a specific forearm muscle extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB). When the ECRB muscle is weakened from overuse, microscopic tears form in the ECRB tendon where it attaches to the lateral epicondyle of humerus. This leads to pain directly over the outside lateral part of the elbow. 1 to 3% of adult population in each year affects with tennis elbow and it is more common in the dominant arm with symptoms such as pain or burning on the outer part of your elbow, weak grip strength, and tenderness. Many surgical procedures, medications are present today for the treatment of the disease, but it is the need of time to develop some non-invasive techniques for better results. Marma is a concept which helps in achieving this. Marma point is a junction on body where two or more types of tissue meet, such as muscles, veins, ligaments, bones or joints. From common ailments to serious neuromuscular diseases, all can be treated by Marma Chikitsa. Application of pressure to these Marma induces the flow of energy. This case study shows that pain in tennis elbow may be successfully managed by Marma Chikitsa.

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Sifa, Itsnaini Fadhilah, Laila Ainun Nisa, and Widya Bahartin. "Anatomical Structure of Large Flying-Fox Bat’s (Pteropus vampyrus) Forelimb Skeleton." Proceeding International Conference on Science and Engineering 3 (April 30, 2020): 91–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/icse.v3.475.

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Large Flying-fox (Pteropus vampyrus) is a fruit-eating bat that belongs to the Chiroptera order. Anatomical variations in various animals affected by different feed and behavior. The Large Flying-fox Bat is a flying mammal that undergoes morphological adaptation regarding its environment and behavior. The forelimb of bat adapt to flying properties. The aim of this research is to determine the anatomical structure of Pteropus vampyrus forelimb. To find out the anatomical structure, Pteropus vampyrus skinned with a knife and sandpaper until it appears the parts of muscles and bones. This species has forearm length of 145-220 mm and has a very high flying habit.

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Al Kaissi, Ali, Rudolf Ganger, Klaus Klaushofer, and Franz Grill. "Swellings over the Limbs as the Earliest Feature in a Patient with Osteogenesis Imperfecta Type V." Case Reports in Orthopedics 2014 (2014): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/780959.

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Swellings over the upper and lower limbs were encountered in a one-year-old child. Skeletal survey showed a constellation of distinctive radiographic abnormalities of osteoporosis, hyperplastic callus and ossification of the interosseous membrane of the forearm, femora, and to lesser extent the tibiae. Neither wormian bones of the skull nor dentinogenesis imperfecta was present. Genetic tests revealed absence of mutation in COL1A1 or COL1A2 genes, respectively. The overall phenotypic features were consistent with the diagnosis of osteogenesis imperfecta type V (OI-V). The aim of this paper is to distinguish between swellings because of intrinsic bone disorders and these due to child physical abuse.

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Rokaya, Poojan Kumar, Mangal Rawal, Javed Ahmad Khan, and Praveen Kumar Giri. "Elastic stable intramedullary nailing in pediatric diaphyseal forearm bone fracture." International Journal of Research in Orthopaedics 3, no. 2 (February 22, 2017): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4510.intjresorthop20170455.

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Background: Pediatric forearm bone fracture present significant challenges where most of them are managed with closed reduction and casting. Irreducible, unstable and open fracture usually requires operative stabilization. Intramedullary nailing is considered minimal invasive however it is not free of complication. The aim of this study is to analyze the outcome and complications after elastic stable intramedullary nailing in pediatric diaphyseal forearm fracture.Methods: A descriptive observational study was carried out for four years (2013-2016) in diaphyseal pediatric forearm fracture stabilized with titanium elastic stable intramedullary nailing. Final range of motion, complications and outcome were assessed using Clavien-Dindo classification modification appropriate for orthopedic surgery.Results: We report the outcome of 36 patients with complete medical records. Closed reduction and nailing was successful in 25 patients (69.4%) whereas eleven patients (30.6%) required open reduction (both radius and ulna in 6 patients 16.7%, ulna in 3 patients 8.3% and radius in 2 patients 5.6%). Radiological union was achieved at an average of 7.75±1.5 weeks (range 6 to 16 weeks). Forearm rotation was limited in 7 patients with average loss of 16° pronation and 18° supination. The overall rate of complication was 22.2%. According to Clavien-Dindo classification excellent results were noted in 29 patients (80.6%), good in 3 patients (8.3%) and fair in 4 patients (11.1%). Conclusions: Elastic intramedullary nailing in pediatric diaphyseal forearm bones fracture is minimally invasive with low rate of complication and the outcomes are fair to excellent.

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Gill, S. P. S., Ankit Mittal, Manish Raj, Pulkesh Singh, Sunil Kumar, and Dinesh Kumar. "Stabilisation of diaphyseal fractures of both bones forearm with limited contact dynamic compression or locked compression plate: comparison of clinical outcomes." International Journal of Research in Orthopaedics 3, no. 3 (April 25, 2017): 623. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4510.intjresorthop20171913.

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Background: The inception of Locking Compression Plate (LCP) has revolutionized fracture management. With their dramatic success for articular fractures, there is a speculation that they might be more appropriate for diaphyseal fractures as well.Methods: In this randomized prospective cohort study, 56 patients with diaphyseal fractures involving both bones of forearm were segregated into two groups based on internal fixation with Limited contact dynamic compression plate (LC-DCP)(n=28) or with Locking compression plate (LCP)(n=26). Clinical and radiological parameters were studied and functional evaluation was done with Disabilities of arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) score.Results: Andersons’ criteria was employed to categorize the functional results. The mean duration of surgery and time to union were discovered to be less in favor of LCP group although statistically insignificant. No significant differences in two groups with respect to the functional evaluation (range of movement, Andersons’ criteria and DASH score) and complications could be discerned. No incidence of refracture or synostosis was encountered in any of the group. Conclusions: Although LCP is an effective treatment alternative and may have a subtle edge over LC-DCP in the management of these fractures, their supremacy could not be certified. We deduce that surgical planning and expertise rather than the choice of implant are more pivotal for outstanding results.

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Koval, Oleksandr, Tatiana Khmara, Igor Zamorskii, Vitalii Ilika, and Oleksandra Garvasiuk. "PROJECTION FETAL ANATOMY VASCULAR AND NERVOUS FORMATIONS OF THE ANTERIOR REGION OF THE ARM." Clinical anatomy and operative surgery 22, no. 2 (May 25, 2023): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24061/1727-0847.22.2.2023.17.

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Abstract. In the case of gunshot wounds, the upper extremities prevail poly-structural injuries, primarily characterized by damage to nerve trunks, vessels, soft tissues, and bones. Compartment syndrome is one of the most di ﬃ cult pathological conditions underlying the majority of ﬁ rearm complications is injuries of the limbs and, above all, those accompanied by bone fractures and limbs, and can lead to permanent disability.Until now, fetal patterns have not been deﬁ nitively clariﬁ ed in the topography of fascial- muscular formations, ﬁ ber spaces, and projection anatomy of the vascular and nervous structures of the anterior region of the arm at diﬀ erent stages of human ontogenesis.The study aimed to establish the vascular- nervous projection structures of the anterior arm region in human fetuses.The study was conducted on preparations of the upper limbs of 48 human fetuses aged from 4 to 10 months using macromicroscopic dissection, injection of vessels, and morphometry.It was established that in human fetuses the projection of the main vascular of the nerve bundle of the shoulder on the skin corresponds to the line that connects the point between the middle and front thirds of the width of the axillary fossa to the middle ulnar fossa. The median nerve in the upper third of the shoulder is determined near the medial edge of the biceps muscle of the shoulder, as a rule, laterally of the brachial artery, within the middle of the anterior region of the arm, median the nerve crosses the brachial artery in front and goes straight in the lower third of the shoulder approximately from the brachial artery. Projection of the ulnar nerve within the upper third of the anterior region of the arm corresponds to the projection of the main vascular- nerve bundle, within the middle and lower thirds – the line that connects the middle of the medial bicipital groove of the shoulder with the medial epicondyle of the humerus. An anatomical landmark for the determination of topography of the main vein, the median cutaneous nerve of the forearm and of the median nerve is the medial edge of the biceps muscle of the shoulder, and the lateral edge of this muscle is a landmark for identifying the main vein.Obtained data on fetal and projection anatomy of structures of the anterior region of the arm in human fetuses of diﬀ erent ages have an important role and applied value and will reduce the risk of iatrogenic injuries and exclude the possibility of developing vascular and nervous complications in the postoperative period, choose the correct tactics of operative interventions in the anterior region of the arm.

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Habbab, M., A. Naell, M. Nassiri, M. Madhar, R. Chafik, H. Elhaoury, and A. Achkoun. "Aseptic Diaphyseal Pseudarthrosis of the Forearm Initially Treated with Target Plate: Risk Factors and Management." SAS Journal of Surgery 10, no. 04 (April 27, 2024): 501–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sasjs.2024.v10i04.023.

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Aseptic diaphyseal pseudarthrosis of the forearm is a major complication. There are patient-related and treatment-related risk factors. The aim of our work is to evaluate the functional and radiological results of aseptic diaphyseal pseudarthrosis of the forearm initially treated with a screw plate. A series of 12 patients were collected in the Orthopedic and Traumatological Surgery Department A of IBN TOFAIL Hospital, retrospectively over a 5-year period. The most frequent site of these pseudarthroses was the ulna (5 cases), followed by both bones (4 cases) and finally the radius (3 cases). 50% of pseudarthroses were atrophic (12 cases). The use of a screw-plate stabilization technique combined with bone grafting and osteo-muscular decortication yielded satisfactory results in terms of bone consolidation and clinical outcome. Smoking is a major risk factor. Solid restraint is necessary to immobilize the fracture site and protect it from forces detrimental to consolidation. De-periostealization and muscular deinsertion are iatrogenic factors that favour the occurrence of pseudarthrosis. Solid DCP plate osteosynthesis combined with autograft after decortication of the fracture site is an important therapeutic weapon with good results.

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Kovalenko, Polina S., Irina S. Dydykina, Polina O. Postnikova, Svetlana I. Glukhova, and Alexander V. Smirnov. "Fractures of vertebrae and peripheral bones in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (based on long-term observation)." Consilium Medicum 26, no. 11 (December 16, 2024): 788–93. https://doi.org/10.26442/20751753.2024.11.203043.

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Introduction. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), fractures occur on average 2–3 times more often than in the general population. Data on the incidence of vertebral fractures in RA is controversial and depends on the detection method. Aim. To determine the incidence of vertebral and peripheral bone fractures in patients with RA during long-term prospective follow-up. Materials and methods. A prospective multi-year cohort non-interventional study included 120 women with RA (mean age at enrollment 54.3±8.9 years), with a follow-up of 9.5±1.9 years. Initially and then repeatedly, a clinical, laboratory and radiological examination was performed: X-ray morphometry of the spine according to the Genant method, X-ray densitometry of the lumbar spine (LI-LIV) and femoral neck. Results. During the follow-up period, there were 104 low-energy fractures in 64 (53%) patients: 69 (66%) vertebral fractures and 35 (34%) peripheral fractures. Two or more fractures occurred in 25 (39%) subjects. In 30 (25%) patients, 52 fractures occurred repeatedly. Among peripheral fractures, the most frequent localization was fractures of the distal forearm and lower leg bones. Patients with fractures during the follow-up period were also more likely to have fractures before enrollment in the study, had an initially longer duration of RA, a mean daily dose, cumulative dose, and duration of glucocorticoid administration, and a lower bone mineral density in the main parts of the skeleton, determined by densitometry. There was no effect of RA activity on DAS-28, rheumatoid factor positivity, or antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide on fractures. Conclusion. More than half of the patients had low-energy fractures during the observation period, the most common being fractures of the vertebrae, distal forearm, and lower leg bones; a high frequency of repeated fractures was reported. The analysis of risk factors showed that a long duration of RA, a mean daily dose, cumulative dose, and prolonged use of glucocorticoids, a history of low-energy fractures, and low bone mineral density were associated with the occurrence of fractures in patients with RA.

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Zheng, Shijie, and Xinhui Xie. "Causal association between cholecystectomy and fracture: A Mendelian randomization study." Medicine 103, no. 49 (December 6, 2024): e40795. https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000040795.

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Previous observational studies have reported that cholecystectomy is associated with an increased risk of fracture. However, the causality of this association remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the causal relationship between cholecystectomy and fracture using a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Our primary analytical method was the comprehensive two-sample MR analysis, with inverse variable weighting (IVW) serving as the main analysis technique. In addition, we use Bayesian weighted MR analysis to further confirm the results of IVW method. To enhance the robustness of our findings, we employed multiple analytical approaches including MR-Egger, weighted mode, simple mode, and weighted median. We further conducted sensitivity analyses to validate the stability and feasibility of our dataset. The results of IVW methods showed that there had no significant causal effect of cholecystectomy on fracture (forward P value: .82, .63, .96, .60, .19, .40, .58, .38, .37, .97, and .50 for fracture of wrist and hand, fracture of femur, fracture of foot, fracture of forearm, fracture of lower leg, fracture of lumbar spine and pelvis, fracture of neck, fracture of ribs, fracture of shoulder and upper arm, fracture of skull and facial bones, and fracture of spine), the results of Bayesian weighted MR showed similar results (P > .05). In the reverse, fracture of femur (P = .01) and fracture of shoulder and upper arm (P = .01) showed increased risks of cholecystectomy. The sensitivity analysis showed that none of our analyses were horizontally pleiotropic (P > .05 for MR-Egger’s intercept method). Our results do not support the causal effect of cholecystectomy on fracture, which was opposite to most previous observational studies.

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Gupta, Arohi. "A rare case of Poland: Mobeius syndrome in an infant." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 6, no. 5 (August 23, 2019): 2206. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20193151.

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Mobius syndrome is a rare condition of unclear origin, characterized by a unilateral or bilateral congenital facial weakness with impairment of ocular abduction, which is frequently associated with limb anomalies. Poland Syndrome is a rare condition that is evident at birth (congenital). Associated features may be extremely variable from case to case. However, it is classically characterized by absence (aplasia) of chest wall muscles on one side of the body (unilateral) and abnormally short, webbed fingers (symbrachydactyly) of the hand on the same side (ipsilateral). In those with the condition, there is typically unilateral absence of the pectoralis minor and the sternal or breastbone portion of the pectoralis major. In females, there may be underdevelopment or absence (aplasia) of one breast and underlying (subcutaneous) tissues. In some cases, associated skeletal abnormalities may also be present, such as underdevelopment or absence of upper ribs; elevation of the shoulder blade (Sprengel deformity); and/or shortening of the arm, with underdevelopment of the forearm bones (i.e., ulna and radius). Other associated abnormalities may include dextrocardia, diaphragmatic hernia and renal anomalies etc. Poland Syndrome affects males more commonly than females and most frequently involves the right side of the body. The exact cause of the condition is unknown. The combination of Poland-Mobius syndrome is rare, with an estimated prevalence 1:500 000.

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Sovtysik, Dmytro, Evelina Zhygulyova, Vadym Zdanyuk, Ruslan Butov, and Andrii Zaikin. "Kinesiotherapy in the physical rehabilitation of patients with fractures of the upper extremities." This bulletin of the Kamianets-Podilskyi National Ivan Ohiienko University. Physical education, Sport and Human Health, no. 24 (March 31, 2022): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32626/2309-8082.2022.24.43-49.

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To study the effectiveness of kinesiotherapy in medical rehabilitation of patients with isolated fractures of the forearm bones.The aim of the study. The study was conducted in 44 patients aged 19-85 years with isolated fractures of the forearm bones, who underwent surgical treatment with osteosynthesis. In the control group (n=21), a standard course of medical rehabilitation was conducted in the postoperative period, which included massage, physiotherapy exercises and magneototherahy. In the main group (n=23), in the postoperative period, the kinesiotherapy of the shoulder and forearm was performed against the background of a standard course of medical rehabilitation. Kinesio tapes were used on the 2nd day after the operation and applied for 72 hours, after which they were changed to new ones. The duration of the study was 12 months. The severity of the pain syndrome, the amplitude of the movement of the wrist joint and the rotational movements of the forearm, the strength of the fist grasp, the function of the upper limb, the quality of life of the patients were evaluated. Results of the research. The use of kinesiotherapy in the period from 1 month after the operation significantly reduced the subjective severity of the pain syndrome by an average of 22.7 %, reduced the number of patients with persistent edema by 1.75 times and increased the number of patients without edema by 2.3 times compared with application of a standard course of medical rehabilitation. The parameters of the amplitude of motion in the wrist joint, rotational movements, and the dynamometry of the fist grasp in patients of the main group were slightly higher than those in the control group throughout the observation period. In the long-term period, the number of patients with excellent treatment outcomes in the main group was 1.5 times higher than in the control group, the number of patients with satisfactory results was 1.3 times lower than in the control group. Conclusions. Kinesiotaping is a promising, simple, non-traumatic method that does not cause side effects and complications, significantly reduces the pain syndrome, improve the quality of life of patients, this method helps earlier relief of postoperative edema and fuller recovery of clinical and functional condition of the radial-carpal joint. Kinesiotaping can be used as one of the methods in the complex recovery of patients with isolated fractures of the forearm with the physical rehabilitation and adaptive physical education.

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Saputra, Yoga Rendra, Panji Prihandoko, Sunardi, Tutik Sriani, and Gunawan Setia Prihandana. "Effect of Shot Peening Pressure Variation on Surface Characteristic of SS-316L Dynamic Compression Plate (DCP)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 842 (June 2016): 418–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.842.418.

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Dynamic Compression Plate (DCP) is a plate made of biomaterials like stainless steel 316L (SS-316L) or titanium, which is used for joining fractured/broken bones for fast recovery. Due to its excellent properties on corrosion, toughness, and hardness; SS-316L is widely used for medical application. Despite its excellent properties, the surface of SS-316L commonly degraded after machining. Therefore, the surface of SS-316L needs to be treated before further use. Shot peening is one of the methods to increase the surface hardness and roughness of material. This research aims to investigate the effect of shot peening to the surface of DCP made of SS-316L from its microstructures, surface roughness, and hardness. In this research, the DCP is designed for joining arms, which are upper-arm (humerus) and forearm (radius and ulna). First we machined the DCP to have holes and bend the plate to match the user bone structure. The DCP is 105 mm × 12 mm × 4 mm in dimension and has 6 holes, 5 mm diameter each, with holes aligned to the plate. After machining, the surface is modified by shot peening using following properties: steel ball (0.4 mm in diameter and hardness 250 HV), 100 mm nozzle-to-plate distance, and shot for 10 minutes. Our parameters are variations in pressure, ranging from 4 to 6 bar. The microstructure of the treated surface was analyzed after shot peening. The result shows that the shot peening treatment of SS-316L has increases its surface hardness and roughness with significant change on its microstructure, which makes a better surface characteristics for DCP.

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Kalawar, Rosan Shah, GP Khanal, P. Chaudhary, R. Rijal, R. Maharjan, SR Paneru, and B. Pokharel. "Comparative study of safety and efficacy of electrocautery blade with cold scalpel blade for skin opening during fixation of fracture of forearm bone with plate and screws." Health Renaissance 13, no. 2 (June 20, 2017): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v13i2.17552.

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Background: Skin incisions have usually been made using a scalpel. Electrocautery, a more recent alternative, is thought to increase the risk of infection, impair healing and decrease cosmesis. Recent studies suggest that electrocautery may offer potential advantages with respect to blood loss, incision time and postoperative pain.Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of electrocautery incisions versus conventional scalpel incisions in orthopedic surgeries using internal implants.Method: The study was conducted as a prospective one in a tertiary care center in the Department of Orthopaedics, BPKIHS, Dharan, Nepal. Patients with closed fracture of the forearm bones admitted for surgery from April 2014 to September 2014 was included in the study. Each incision was divided into two halves, proximal half to be opened by steel scalpel blades and the distal half to be opened by an electrocautery blade. Proximal half and distal half of incision were compared on operating day and on days 2, 14 and again on 6 weeks and 3 month.Result: A total of 60 patients were enrolled in the study. Forearm skin incisions using electrocautery were significantly quicker than scalpel incisions (p<0.05). Postoperative wound complication rates did not differ significantly between the Scalpel and Electrocautery groups (p>0.05).Conclusion: There is no difference in healing of two halves of skin incision made by electrocautery and scalpel in orthopedic surgeries using internal implants.Health Renaissance 2015;13(2): 43-49

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Konoplitskyi, V. S., S. V. Chornyi, Yu Ye Korobko, B. L. Pavlenko, Yu A. Dymchyna, Yu A. Beliienko, S. M. Sytnyk, Yu M. Butenko, and V. M. Kravchuk. "Fracture of the neck of the radius in children: clinic, diagnosis, methods of treatment." Paediatric Surgery. Ukraine, no. 2(83) (June 28, 2024): 78–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/ps.2024.83.78.

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Radial neck fractures are most common in children aged 8 to 11 years, accounting for 5% to 10% of all fractures of the bones that make up the elbow joint and up to 1% of all fractures in the pediatric population. Most often, the injury occurs as a result of a fall on an outstretched arm in the position of extension in the elbow joint. indirect injury from the fall with emphasis on the arm straightened at the elbow joint with the forearm deflected outward, and less often due to the direct effect of a damaging effect. The most typical damage in the area of the proximal radius in children is transverse fractures of the neck, in which the plane of the fracture passes through its metaphysis. The aim is to compare the experience of treating fractures of the radial neck, to analyze the possibilities of postoperative complications based on the literature and our own observations. In children with radial neck fractures, depending on the type of displacement of bone fragments and their angulation, there are different options for repositioning, which, accordingly, provide different treatment efficiency. Treatment of radial neck fractures in the pediatric population, necessarily taking into account the type of fragment displacement, should involve starting with low-traumatic and minimally invasive closed methods, and only in cases of their failure and/or impossibility (inappropriateness) it is possible to determine the choice of indications for open surgical intervention. The results which we obtained from the application of the open reposition technique for radial neck fractures according to the Metaizo method with fixation of fragments with elastic intramedullary rods in childhood clinically, radiologically and functionally coincide with the existing modern data of literary sources. Based on this, we believe that this technique is a good option for surgical treatment of pathology, simple and reliable, with minimal possibilities of postoperative complications, even with the most significant values of angulation of bone fragments. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the institution mentioned in the work. The informed consent of the patients was obtained for the research. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.

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Khodzhanov, I. Yu, D. Yu Borzunov, and G. Dz Bayimbetov. "Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan." Genij Ortopedii 29, no. 1 (February 2023): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18019/1028-4427-2023-29-1-12-19.

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Introduction Diagnosis and treatment of children with multiple injuries of the bones that form the elbow joint is a relevant problem in pediatric traumatology. Due to the high variability of the cases encountered, it is necessary to differentiate the volume, timing and sequence of surgical interventions, as well as the duration of fixation of the injured limb with immobilizing means. The aim of the work was to study the dependence of long-term anatomical and functional treatment results in children with multiple fractures around the elbow joint on the type of injury. Materials and methods The medical records of 82 pediatric patients with multiple injuries of the bones forming the elbow joint were studied. The patients involed in the study were divided into two groups. Group 1 were patients with multiple fractures of the bones that make up the elbow joint (35 children), and group 2 were patients with intra-articular fractures of the distal end of the humerus and fracture-dislocations of the forearm bones in the elbow joint (47 children). The results were evaluated using the DASH questionnaire and the Broberg-Morrey rating scale. Results In the first group of patients with multiple fractures of the bones that make up the elbow joint, the anatomical and functional results of treatment were significantly better, and the process of restoring the function of the elbow joint was shorter. The treatment results of patients in the second group largely depended on the severity of the injuries. The use of the Ilizarov method with rational arrangements of the apparatus enables to preserve the function of the elbow joint in the course of transosseous osteosynthesis. In hybrid fixation (the use of pins and apparatus or plaster immobilization and apparatus), patients frequently developed immobilization contracture of the elbow joint and the anatomical and functional results turned out to be worse, since the fixed elbow joint needed long-term rehabilitation. Discussion Multiple injuries of the bones of the elbow joint are highly variable. The treatment of patients with multiple injuries of the elbow joint remains a difficult clinical task, partly because there is no differentiated approach to rehabilitation measures depending on the nature of the injury, and, accordingly, a rational approach to the treatment of this group of patients has not been developed. Due to the fact that most dislocations are usually associated with fractures, accurate diagnosis of the severity of injuries and rational surgical intervention in terms of timing and volume are necessary to achieve good anatomical and functional results. Conclusion Accurate and timely diagnosis of skeletal injuries of the elbow joint and rational determination of treatment tactics are of great importance in pediatric emergency traumatology. They determine the anatomical and functional outcomes of rehabilitation.

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Ahmad Raed, Khasawneh. "Transverse body sizes in men and women with seborrheic dermatitis of varying severity." Biomedical and Biosocial Anthropology, no. 43 (June 26, 2021): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/bba43-2021-06.

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Transverse dimensions of the body as morphogenetic markers within the constitutional integrity of the organism involve the identification of their connection with the adaptive abilities of man and they are studied in the process of ontogenesis under the influence of the environment. Establishing the patterns of intersystem connections will further develop a system of criteria for prognostic assessment of the risk of seborrheic dermatitis based on the phenotypology of human body parameters. The aim of the study was to establish and analyze the features of the width of the distal epiphyses of the long tubular bones of the extremities and the transverse diameters of the body in men and women with seborrheic dermatitis of varying severity. The width of the distal epiphyses of the long tubular bones of the extremities and transverse diameters of the body in 40 men and 40 women (aged 25 to 44 years) with generalized fatty seborrheic dermatitis (mild and severe) were determined. The control group consisted of indicators of the width of the distal epiphyses of long tubular bones of the extremities and transverse body diameters of practically healthy men (n=82) and women (n=154) of the same age group, selected from the National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya. Statistical processing of body circumference was performed in the licensed package "Statistica 6.0" using non-parametric estimation methods. As a result of studies in patients with seborrheic dermatitis of varying severity of men, compared with practically healthy men, found only greater values of transverse middle thoracic diameter, anteroposterior middle sternal diameter, intertrochanteric distance, as well as smaller values of shoulder width and distal shoulder width; and in patients of varying severity of women – in almost all cases (except for the width of the distal epiphysis of the shoulder) found greater values of the width of the distal epiphyses of the long tubular bones of the limbs and transverse body diameters (except shoulder width). Moreover, both in sick men and women, differences in transverse body size are more pronounced in people with severe seborrheic dermatitis. Among men or women with seborrheic dermatitis of varying severity, there is only a tendency for greater values in women with severe transverse lower thoracic diameter and intertrochanteric distance, and in men with severe – a tendency to greater values of the distal forearm width. There are also pronounced manifestations of sexual dimorphism of the width of the distal epiphyses of the long tubular bones of the limbs and transverse diameters of the body (except for pelvis sizes), namely – higher values of these indicators in patients with seborrheic dermatitis of varying severity.

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Slamet Wahyudi, Nanda Raihan Vardiansyah, and Putu Hadi Setyorini. "Effect of Blood Perfusion on Temperature Distribution in the Multilayer of the Human Body with Interstitial Hyperthermia Treatment for Tumour Therapy." CFD Letters 14, no. 6 (June 26, 2022): 102–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/cfdl.14.6.102114.

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Blood perfusion is defined as the volume of blood flowing through units of tissue volume per second. In thermoregulation, blood perfusion is a factor that affects heat transfer in the body, the greater the rate of blood perfusion will complicate the distribution of temperature throughout the body. In the study of bioheat transfer, heat transfer in the human body can be used as a therapy. At therapeutic temperatures (above 40°C), cells will die and stop their growth or commonly called hyperthermia therapy. It can allow thermonecrosis in body tissues and can be useful for tumour tissue. Of the various types of hyperthermia therapy, interstitial hyperthermia therapy is considered more effective because heat is directly delivered to tumour tissue to minimize other tissues exposed to therapeutic temperatures. Currently, there are no studies that study the effect of blood perfusion on the treatment of interstitial hyperthermia, even though blood perfusion greatly affects the temperature distribution in the human body/ In this study, heat transfer analysis will be performed on five layers of the human body, namely the epidermis, dermis, fat, muscle, and bones with interstitial application of hyperthermia therapy and affected by blood perfusion with a value of (8x10-4; 4x10-4; 2x10-4; 1x10-3; and 2x10-3)/s completed using finite element method with unsteady conditions in two axial dimensions. The part of the tumour studied is a tumour in the arm (forearm) in the span of 600s. This study shows that blood perfusion affects the value of temperature distribution in five layers of the body in unsteady conditions. The greater the value of blood perfusion flowing in the body, the more difficult the temperature will be to transmit because the blood distributes heat throughout the body faster, the difference between blood perfusion values is quite significant.

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