Дисертації з теми "Architecture – Moyen âge – Iran"
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Leone, Anaïs. "Revêtements au lustre métallique dans l'architecture religieuse et funéraire de l'Iran Ilkhânide (1256-1335)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/211122_LEONE_737y812yyedr752wxnmi508jgy_TH.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThe production of Kashan's luster ceramic workshops (Central Iran) boomed during the Ilkhanid period (1256-1335). Luster tiles played an important role within a larger repertory of the decorative schemes in the architecture developed during the reign of this Mongol dynasty. Regrettably, the removal of Ilkhanid-period luster tiles from their original location occurred in most sites and tiled ensembles that remain in situ are now exceedingly rare. Indeed, the stripping of an important number of buildings led to the arrival of thousands of tiles of unidentified or incomplete provenance in public and private collections. Therefore, each tile provides context about its creation but also about the removal of its original walls. Considering tile revetments could clarify issues concerning the forms, functions, and significations of the original decorative schemes.This study formulates new proposals about the luster tilework in nine ilkhanid religious and funerary monuments. These reconstitutions are based on data collected at surviving monuments and on an inventory of surviving luster elements preserved throughout the world. By cross-referencing of these two types of information it is possible to unite formerly isolated elements. These ensembles, more coherent as a whole, allows to investigate some general topics of the Ilkhanid period. These original decorative scheme are fundamental to identify typologies, epigraphic choices, or the presence of specific motifs on these architectural programs.Further investigations will be required to complete and increase our knowledge. Nevertheless, these propositions provide data and analyzes which instigate new approaches to these pieces
Mohebbi, Parviz. "Ressources et techniques en Iran médiéval : le premier machinisme." Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHES0321.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis concentrates on two aspects of iran's medieval history. Firstly, it covers the technique background and secondly, the machinery employed. In the first part, the material resources - wood, fuels (perol and coal), stone and water-are closely examined. The attainement of these materails weighed heavily on the iranian technical system. Furthermore, the transport of these same materials was neither easy nor economical. The second part studies the hydraulic wheel, the mills and their role in industry, the grinding machines and finally the mecanical clock. The thesis illustrates that iran was made up of various technique enclaves, each using different machinery and none communicating with one another. Indeed, this emphasizes the information difficulties of the period owing to the constant political changes, and the subsequent consequences for the technical progress
Thierry, de Crussol des Épesse Bertrand. "L'oeuvre d'Ismail Gorgani à travers la physiologie et l'ophtalmologie du Zakhira-yi-Khwarazmsahi et des Aghrad at Tibbiyah." Paris, EPHE, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EPHE0021.
Повний текст джерелаThe medical work of ismailm gorgani (approx. 1042 - approx. 1136) is first examined from the physiological part of the medical encyclopaedia by this author, in persian: the "treasure of the shah of khwarazm" and from the equivalent part of one of its surmaries: "the goals of medicine", gorgani develops a mecanicist and providentialist explanation peculiar to the functioning of the organism, like all bodies of the creation. This idea seems to have found its origins in the known adhesion by the author to the asharite theological school. As the asharites, the author believes in a physics which denies the constancy of secondary causes. In the second part, a french translation of the "discourse on the eye" from the treasure of the shah of klwarazm (book vi, discourse iii), ismail gorgani appears as a subtle observer of ocular pathologies; as an example, under the subject of trachoma are noted its contagious nature, the simultaneousness of conjonctivital and corneal attacks, the spontaneous healing of pannus (in the "zubdat"). Elsewhere gorgani gives us the first description of the haemorrhagic fever of omsk (book ix, discourse v, chapter v)
Atmaja, Rita. "Les temples à Antes de la Syrie du Nord, du Bronze moyen à l'Âge du Fer." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2020. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2020/ATMAJA_Rita_2020_ED519.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThe previous buildings known as (in antis) have been widespread in the north of Syria since the ancient Bronze Age and remained until the Iron Age. In general they were considered to be temples. Unlike the temples of the Mesopotamia or Egypt, these buildings had a very simple plan. Thus, this prompts us to ask where all the following were: The storage and work places, the treasures of the temple, the residence of its workers, the gathering place during the major celebrations and the meeting place of the olders mentioned in the texts. To which extent the most sacred hall in the temple was able to accommodate all the different activities under the authority of god and olders. The dissertation tried to answer all these questions after studying the architectural features and environment of these buildings. It led to a more general thinking about the concept of the temple and its relationship to society
Mathias-Imbert, Claude-Yvette. "La céramique Il-Khanide et ses motifs décoratifs." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040007.
Повний текст джерелаAn analysis of 850 specimens of Il-khanid ceramic made in Iran between 1258 and 1339 (tiles and wares), brings out 3 types of design, which have been compared with other images found in painting, metals and other minor arts. Non-figurative patterns are geometrical (which center or compartmentalize space), among plant designs, some are traditional, others are modern and freestyle; the epigraph perpetuates traditional forms. Bestiary variety includes the aquatic world (fish and pools), images of four-legged animals (natural and active), others of birds on a perch (already known) and new patterns of birds in flight. The traditional imaginary bestiary has disappeared in favor of dragons and the phoenix. The double tendency, noted in the other designs, is confirmed in individuals: some are still, in outmoded embroidered robes, others are active in Mongolian clothing
Bussière, Roselyne. "L'Abbaye de Lagny au Moyen âge : histoire et architecture." Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040397.
Повний текст джерелаFounded by st fursy around 650, wrecked by the Vikings, then restored by earl "Herbert de Champagne" around 1000, Lagny's abbey was once more helped by the family of champagne, when "Henri le liberal" and abbot Hugues, his brother, rebuilt the monastery, repaired the ancient nave and erected a new choir after a fire broke out in 1157. But a new fire in 1184 slowed the works and abbot Jean Britel, taking advantage of the abbey's prosperity, especially due to the fairs in Champagne, began to build a new and vast sanctuary. First and fare most, the radiant chapels were built and the lady axial chapel was dedicated in 1206. In the following decade, the lower level of the choir was finished. But the decline of the fairs, the end of privileged links with the earls of Champagne become the beginning of a very difficult period; the triforium was built around 1250 but the choir was never vaulted. The hundred years' war and the wars of religion increased difficulties and st Pierre abbey had to enter the st Maur congregation in the XVIIth century. The community disappeared during revolution
Michel, Anne. "Les églises de la Jordanie byzantine : architecture et liturgie (Ve-VIIIe siècles)." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040305.
Повний текст джерелаThe recent archeological excavations in Jordan allowed to uncover numerous churches of the byzantine period. A lot of specialized studies do exist, but until now, they deal only with some particular buildings - no general survey has been undertaken. A considerable number of churches being well preserved, in a first step the abundant documentary material, scattered in specialized reviews, had to be assembled. In order to create a solid base on which to found all further work, the informations collected were organized in a catalogue of all byzantine churches actually known. Their basic informations were classed according to a standardized model. This preparatory work allowed the development of a synthetic study, which in the first two sections is based on the comparative and thematic analysis of the architecture and the liturgic installations. In examining one by one the different components of the churches, we tried to single out the different regional and chronological groups. Another aim was to find out whether the churches of Jordan differ or not from those built in the adjoining regions. The third section of the synthesis reaches further than these first analyses in considering the churches in their integrality. These studies led to the establishment of three provisory groups: one has to distinguish between the chapels and the constructions of mirror dimensions, the larger civic churches, and finally the big complexes formed by several churches. The interpretation of the latter often still causes problems, but some of them might have been centers of pilgrimage
Donabédian, Patrick. "Le décor sculpté des églises arméniennes du haut moyen âge." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100095.
Повний текст джерелаThe dissertation consists of two volumes and one album of illustrations. The main volume of the dissertation is devoted to the study of the evolution of the decoration - ornamental as well as figurative - carved on the Armenian churches between the IV th and the VII th centuries. The matter is introduced by two texts concerning Armenian history and archicture of the early middle ages. Then the carved decoration is studied in eight chapters, through its fields of application on architecture: portal, door and lintel, window, cornice pilasters-columns and blind arcades, apse and cupola, base and capital. The last chapter is devoted to figurative decoration. Finally the conclusion presents the external relations, the technique and the style. The annexed volume groups 16 studies about the main Armenian monuments of the IVth-VIIth centuries. The meticulous examination of the carved decoration is not an aim in itself but it allows. Among other things, to clarify as much as possible, the datings. At the end of the annexed volume are placed the lists of monuments and the bibliographies. The album includes 1098 illustrations (photographs and drawings) arranged in 162 plates
Michel, Vincent. "Les salles annexes des églises byzantines en Palestine, entre le IVe et le VIIIe siècle." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040060.
Повний текст джерелаThis research concerns the annexes rooms of the byzantine churches in Palestine, between 4th and the 8th century. As a matter of fact, a church is not erected as an isolated building and, as a main room, is obviously part of a whole of constructions which all answer to a variety of needs not only reducible to religious practises. In order to identify their location, understand the reasons of these locations and to determine their function, the annexes rooms have been first subjected to a typological study in accordance with: their location, both inside and outside the main edifice; the type of chevet ; the church plan (basilical plan, central plan, monastic chapel). At the same time, the detailed study of liturgy allows a stronger interpretation of certain rooms, in particular regarding the diakonikon for which we have been able to measure the importance both during the course of liturgy and for the ecclesiastic life. Finally, the confrontation between the vestiges and the textual sources permits to refine the study of the annexes rooms and attempts to certain certitudes regarding their repartition, their location and their use, not only concerning the main pilgrimage sites or Episcopal basilica, but also concerning parish churches, private churches and conventual chapels
L'Héritier, Maxime. "L' utilisation du fer dans l'architecture gothique : les cas de Troyes et de Rouen." Paris 1, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00295179.
Повний текст джерелаVolti, Panayota. "L' implantation et l'architecture des ordres mendiants dans le nord de la France et les anciens Pays-Bas méridionaux (XIII-XVIèmes siècles)." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100139.
Повний текст джерелаMichaudel, Benjamin. "Les fortifications ayyoubides et mameloukes en Syrie côtière de la fin du XIIe siècle au début du XIVe siècle." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040161.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis aims to highlight Islamic military architecture in coastal Syria at the time of the Crusades, in a region divided between the Latin States and the Muslim provinces and whose architectural landscape was strongly influenced by the Byzantine and Crusader fortifications. The field of study is focused on the main castles of coastal Syria built by the Greeks and by the Crusaders that were improved defensively by the Ayyubids from the end of the 12th century and later by the Mamluks until the beginning of the 14th century. The angle of study of these monuments is both architectural, with an archaeological analysis of the Islamic construction phases, and also historical with a critical analysis of the Latin and Arabic narrative sources dealing with the main events of the region at the time of the Crusades
Baudry, Marie-Pierre. "Les fortifications des Plantagenet en Poitou, 1154-1242." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010635.
Повний текст джерелаThe object of this research is to examine the angevin's fortifications in poitou, from 1152 to 1242. A close observation of archeological remains, as well as documentary evidences, brings us a few informations about the original way the buildings of the kings of england developped in that period. It reflects the history of the poitou, the relations between the angevins and the local nobility, as well as the building of the castles. The county of poitou covers the present-day departments of vendee, deux-sevres, and vienne. The province comes into angevin hands in 1152. Poitou doesn't seem to be a very important land for henry ii, who rather stays in anjou, and has to face several uprisings from the poitevin lords. As count of poitou, as soon as 1172, richard installes a new administration and builds fortifications (niort, scorbe-clairvaux, talmont). At the beginning of the 13th century, john lackland, and his son henri iii, are more interested in getting strongholds in poitou, since they lost normandy, anjou and touraine. Conceding grants and giving money, they encouraged some powerful local lords (thouars, parthenay, mauleon), or burgenses, to keep the control of their fortifications. A dozen of the hundred castles studied in poitou can be attributed to angevin architecture. This military architecture sees the development and the systematization of the flanking towers with arrow slits. Innovating details can be noticed such as the buttresses machicolations, arrow slits alcoves, or beaked towers. The influence of the oriental architecture is certain but the plantagenet style still presents a notable creativity. The excavations which would enable us to fully understand the architecture of those sites have not been carried out yet. But so far, the questions raised by the first survey lets us foresee new prospects for further research regarding the major part those castles played in the angevin policy
Foulquier, Laura. "Dépôts lapidaires, réutilisations et remplois (Antiquité-haut Moyen âge) : pour une nouvelle approche de la christianisation et des sanctuaires de l'ancien diocèse de Clermont-Ferrand au Moyen âge." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CLF20005.
Повний текст джерелаRante, Rocco. "Rayy : développement de l'urbanisme et culture matérielle (VIIe-XIe siècles)." Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX10026.
Повний текст джерелаGarrigou, Grandchamp Pierre. "La ville de Cluny du XIIe au XIVe siècle : architecture domestique et structures urbaines." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010573.
Повний текст джерелаRuchaud, Elisabeth. "Les représentations du Saint-Sépulcre : dans les images, les architectures, les rites et les textes (fin du IXe - début du XIIe siècle)." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0019.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this research is to analyze the phenomenon of copies or representations of the Holy Sepulchre in the West between the end of the Carolingian era and during the Romanesque period, and to determine the evolution of the exegetical thought of the Christian faith till the twelfth century. In a first part it seems important to replace the importance of the model of the Anastasis Rotunda in Jerusalem not only in the gospels and the medieval thought, but also in its different translations, visual as well as intellectual. Sole relic of the resurrection and sole witness of the messianic promises, the Anastasis Rotunda is one and perhaps even the most important church for the Christians. This research proposes to analyze the different way the church of Jerusalem was used in the West and its place in the theological discussion of the middle Ages. First ail the liturgy, understood as the permanent updating of the life of Christ for the faithful, places the Anastasis at the centre of the Easter liturgy, firstly in Jerusalem and then in the Western kingdoms. The graphic arts (illumination, ivory sculpture. . . ) are also considered because of the use of some architectural form to express the symbolic contents and meanings of the monument. Finally, a particular attention is given to the architectural variations of the Holy Sepulchre, the construction witnessing a return of pilgrimage or having a funerary connotation …The show a direct or indirect worship to the relic of the Resurrection and testify of a faith in the heavenly Jerusalem. All these representations translates a specific relation not only with Jerusalem but also with the theological background surrounding the questions concerning the Resurrection, the second coming of Christ and the heavenly Jerusalem
Barbé-Coquelin, de Lisle Geneviève. "Entre l'Islam et l'Occident : pratique et théorie architecturale en Espagne du Moyen-Âge au siècle d'or." Tours, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOUR2009.
Повний текст джерелаStudy of hispanic architecture in a perspective of "longue duree" refering to historical conditions of an exceptional meeting of cultures and religions. We studied simbiosis between materials and forms proceeding from islam and european currents, called mudejar by the storians, since xixth centiry. Since 1492, in andalusia, we can observe a choice of stone, as a symbolic expression of victory on islam, while in aragon where reconquest had been centuries ago, brick is predominant everywhere is observed importance of use of framework mixing structures from islamic origin and european decoration. The use of these frameworks will be extended to the new world. In xvith century, we observe the presence of an intense activity in architextural theory, inspired from italian authors, as well as, in connection with progress of mathematics and scientific activity, in more practical spheres, like stone cutting (see alonso de vandelvira's work) and framework about which almost simultaneously, in xviith century, we have a treatise published in sevilla and manuscript notes in mexico (fray andres de san miguel)
Fevre, Danielle. "Le fer et la porte au Moyen âge dans le Royaume de France et en Roussillon : (XIIe-XVe siècle)." Strasbourg, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STRA1008.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this work is to locate and to understand the role of the iron affixed on doors in the Middle Ages. A volume is dedicated to the inventory ( the most complete possible) of all the still visible medieval ironwork in the old Kingdom of France and in Roussillon, even on some furniture. We have to admit that the corpus so constituted gathers almost exclusively doors of churches. The other volume tries to draw up a chronological table of the lay out of the iron on doors in connection with the evolution of the work of the wood. A chapter is dedicated to the techniques of forge (extraction of the iron and the shaping). It appears that all the iron serves essentially as element of cohesion, reinforcement and sometimes protection, a part only being hinges. It is very present in the second half of the XIIth and first half of the XIIIth century. Then it loses of the importance and is gradually going to disappear during the XIVth century. Beyond the technical aspect, the artistic value of the iron on the door of church is far from being unimportant. This one had to participate in the decoration in the same way as the reliefs affixed on the outer walls, the capitals or the eardrums. Furthermore, the function of the door of separation between the inside of the building and the outside world conferred it a particular role and the door could carry a message translated in the iron. Finally, the representation of doors in the medieval imaging and the transcription of ironwork in the drawing are also called to mind
Roman, Robert. "Etude architecturale comparative de sept navires de commerce gréco-romains et byzantins." Aix-Marseille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX10100.
Повний текст джерелаAraguas, Philippe. "La brique dans l'architecture de l'Espagne chrétienne au Moyen âge : XIIème-XVème siècles." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040020.
Повний текст джерелаThe expansion of brick building between the xii and xv century leads, after taking into consideration the manufacture of the material itself, to the eximination of how it was actually used. General observation, refined by examinig regional particularities reveals reat differences that can't be explained by geological factors alone. It is necessary to understand how the expense of the material was compensated, and also to take into account the mudejar phenomenon, which, in fact, in no way explain the choice of the brick. On the one hand, it is obvious that there is a certain attacment to the ancient roman world, later reinforced by proballe italian influences relayed by the cistercians ; but the definitive success of the material was certainly achieved throuygh the elaboration of specific construction techniques for this material
Losowska-Kolenda, Hanna. "Pile romane et son importance dans la formation du pilier gothique." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040143.
Повний текст джерелаThe research of the origin of the Romanesque compound pier in the antique architecture. The advent and evolution of the articular pillar. The first examples to the seen in Orient and Occident before the year one thousand. The compound pier in occident architecture in the first half of the eleventh century: the importance of catalane architecture; the first examples of the compound support appeared in the Italian, German empire and French monuments. The extension and variants of the Romanesque pier in the monuments erected after the middle of the eleventh century. The aspect of the pier in the beginning of gothic architecture ; their connections with the rib vault ; the new technique facing a structure which was still Romanesque during the first half of the twelfth century in the Île-de-France region. The evolution of the gothic pillar during the second half of the twelfth century in the north of France. The researches and experiences previous to the construction of Chartres cathedral in France and other western countries. The evolution of the gothic pillar in thirteenth century French constructions and in architecture of other foreign countries. The role of technical progress and graphical values in the development of the gothic support and importance of the Romanesque roots in the origin of gothic art
Napoleone, Anne-Laure. "Figeac au moyen age : les maisons du douzieme au quatorzieme siecle." Toulouse 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU20053.
Повний текст джерелаThe town of figeac was built around saint-sauveur monastery which had been founded by the abbey of conques in the 9th century. The numerous remains that are still well preserved in the medieval twn give evidence of the town's birth and of a flourishing construction between the 12th and the 14th century. The study that had been mainly made on the houses of that time, besides a few works, have enabled a very thorough analysis. Small and often made of stone and wood, the oldest houses have developped an original architectural style. Bigger and entirely stone built. The gothic dwellins increase the furniture which broaden the outline, but let down the ornemental vocabulary which had cause the originality of the lay architecture of the medieval figeac
Dor, Anne. "Tours et maisons de notables des villages du nord-est de la Corse (Moyen Âge tardif)." Corte, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CORT0006.
Повний текст джерелаBy the end of the Middle Ages, the island chroniclers and a few archive sources already mention the names of villages which were linked with a number of prominent rural figures who had recently emerged in the history of Corsica. Up till now, there has been no complete account in situ of the material traces of their presence - sometimes tyransitory - in the north-east of the island. Are there sufficient remains still visible in the villages to allow us to understand the characteristics and functions of the civil constructions which were built by the notable rural individuals, because of their wealth, power, influence or pride? The following topographic inventory attemps to answer this first point. It also opens many avenues for futher monographs and for archival research to deepen our understanding of a habitat which has been previously overlooked and of the history of a social stratum which was closely involved in village and island life at the beginning of the modern era
Casset, Marie. "Les résidences rurales et semi-rurales des archévêques et évêques normands au moyen âge." Le Mans, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LEMA0004.
Повний текст джерелаThe "second" homes of the Norman prelates were, for most of them, acquired or built between the middle of the XIth century and the end of the XIIIth century. Their insertion in a scarcely humanised landscape, with evident economical assets, permitted the laying out of the plot of the reserve, of parks and ponds in their immediate vicinity. The more or less fortified premises are rare. The prelates prefered open manors. Almost all the residences combine the functions of pleasure home and both agricultural and administrative centre. The permanent inhabitants are not numerous (warden, capeltaner, reciever). The most intense frequenting by the prelates seems to take place from the XIIIth century to the middle of the XIVth century. The residential areas (aula, camera, half, chamber) can be altogether under the same roof or scattered in different buildings. Independent chapels or stage chapels have been attested on most of the sites. The hundred years' war disturbed the occupation. The fortified places were strengthened. A lot of the sites were no longer frequented by the prelates who were often absent. From 1470-1480, the return of the prelates and the restoration of the patrimonies lead to three different kinds of attitude. Some mansions are no more frequented and reduced to their agricultural function. Total rebuildings are rare. Most of the time, the old buildings are restructured by adding wings and stair-towers or by concentrating under a unique roof all the residential areas formerly scattered
Jullien, Christelle, and Florence Jullien. "Apôtres des confins : processus missionnaires chrétiens dans l'empire iranien, histoire et tradition." Paris, EPHE, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EPHEA008.
Повний текст джерелаVanderheyde, Catherine. "La sculpture architecturale méso byzantine empire du Xe au XIIIe siècle." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010682.
Повний текст джерелаThe subject of the thesis concerns the study of the middle-byzantine architectural sculpture of Epiros. All in all, 235 reliefs - of which 76 are unpublished - from the 10th to the 13th century are gathered in a catalogue. The history of the places from which the reliefs come has been studied in the first part of the thesis. The second part deals with the stones, the tools and the carving techniques used by the sculptor. The third part is a thorough study of the reliefs' patterns. These three parts of the thesis show the main characteristics of the mesobyzantine sculpture of Epiros. Beside the archaeological discoveries (sculptors' workshops, patterns' diffusion,. . . ). This study proves the existence of an urban development in epiros in the mesobyzantine period, before the birth of the despotate
Comet, Anaïs. "Villages et bourgs de la Gascogne gersoise à la fin du Moyen âge (1250-1550) : transformations morphologiques et architecturales." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU20075/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis intends to study the space construction in the gascon villages and towns in the late Middle Ages, from the mid-13th century to the mid-16th century. The objective is to analyse, not the birth of these small agglomerations, but morphological dynamics during the first centuries of their existence. This morphological approach is completed with an analysis of architectural evolutions, both in the styles and in the modes of construction. The period is voluntarily broad, including the crisis of the 14th and 15th centuries, in order to determine if they really marked a stop in the development of these agglomerations. The interdisciplinary method developed in this thesis includes an analysis of planimetric and written sources, but also an inventory of visible medieval remains in these villages and towns
Fiévé, Nicolas. "Espace architectural et urbain dans le Japon médiéval : histoire de la ville de Kyôto et de l'architecture résidentielle aux XIVe et XVe siècles." Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA070011.
Повний текст джерелаThe first part of the thesis is an analysis of the ancient representations of the city of heiankyo from its foundation in the viiith. C until the begining of the modern era. These urban types are then investigated in their historical context. In the medieval city no particuliar building has the symbolical function of center (center of the city, of the world) as the former palace in the classical period. The anthropological study of the ashikaga's mansions shows that residencial space of the warriors occured as a decided reproduction of the aristocratic mansion style and, moreover, it is structured by permanent oppositions, independant with the evolution of the external forms of the building. Nevertheless, the definition of these structures is not sufficiant to understand in a global view the architectural space of the warriors medievbal residence, particularly to make more explicite the links between the conceptual and the physical space of a building. To cover up these limits, it seems ,ecessary to develop a study of the new architectonic and decorative elements which characterise the medieval resid
Morin, Sauvade Hélène. "La filiation de Bonnevaux-Ordre de Citeaux (XIIe-XVe siècles) : contribution à l'étude des réseaux monastiques." Saint-Etienne, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STET2074.
Повний текст джерелаEttahiri, Ahmed S. "Les madrasas marinides de Fès : étude d'histoire et d'archéologie monumentales." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040036.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this thesis is the architectural study of the marinid's madrasas in the city of Fès. In the first part, we develop, throw historical sources, the general characters of learning in medieval morocco, the genesis and the evolution of specific buildings for teaching religious sciences, until the constructing of the first madrasas. Then, we clarify the social and historical conditions that lead to the accomplishment of this programme, represented by seven madrasas. The monographical study of each madras constitute the second part. The analysis of plans and the study of construction's technics and materials allow us to derive the contribution of each madrasa, its caracters and, its ornamental and aesthetics’ particularities. In the last chapter, we present the architectural specificities of the marinid's madrasas in the city of Fès, their ornamental features used by the artists during that period, and theirs characteristics in common. Then we explain the influences of others monuments as the mosque, the private house and the funduq
Bouticourt, Emilien. "Construire des charpentes autrement : le Midi rhôdanien à la fin du Moyen-Âge." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010580.
Повний текст джерелаMost of the medievial buildings on the south side of the Rhone Valley turn out to be without roof frameworks or simply covered by wooden structures showing little technical interest. This idea is supported by an unmistakable observation: the architectural landscape of the region is mostly mineral. From early times, masonry work developed thanks to an unlimited building-stone reserve in the subsoil, and furthermore forests produced little high-quality lumber. Even though they have long been ignored, timber roof structures exist and (they) bring out remarkable singularities. The purpose of this study is to bring to light roof frameworks and floor frameworks which were built in an area little suited to their construction. It aims to bring new evidence that allows to moderate the notion of a wooden- free architecture. The study seeks to point out another way of designing of roof frames, undoubtedly less monumental than the ones built in areas with extensive forests, and yet equally innovative. The theory is based on remains dating back from the 14th to 15th centuries, the study of which proves the existence of a particularly active building sector, and reveals specific skills. Carpenters thus managed to overcome wood supply difficulties by implementing original shapes and techniques
Martin, Jean-Laurent Alain. "Une gloire de la Saintonge médiévale, le déploiement des chevets : évolution des dispositions structurelles et des systèmes décoratifs des chevets dans les églises romanes du diocèse de Saintes (XI-XIVe siècle)." Poitiers, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005POIT5017.
Повний текст джерелаWith its 650 chevets, Saintonge is one of the most important artistic place of the French Middle Age. The chevets held the attention of the artists who considered them as reliquaires, proving by Art (diversity of the plans, the silhouettes and the decoration) their liturgical importance. After an introduction pointing out the subject of the study (with the delicate terminological nuance of "chevet", "choir" and "sanctuary") and a historical chapter about the old diocese, the results of this research submitted in a chronological plan, show the first experimentations (2/3 of XIth century). To begin with is discussed the diffusion of the forms in XIIth century. Then, by taking into account how the previous solutions were improved, the author, by a thorough study of the architecture and the sculptures of a great number of Roman chevets of the Saintonge, shows the originality of these productions among works of the West and South West of France. Finally the delicate passage to the modalities of the Gothic period (XIIIth and XIVth century) is studied
Louart, Agnès. "Dol-de-Bretagne, un espace politque [sic] fortifié au Moyen-Âge." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28497.
Повний текст джерелаVenot, Claire. "Bois architecturés dans la construction rurale rupestre médiévale - Le cas de la basse Provence : architecture rupestre, anthracologie, dendrologie." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4702.
Повний текст джерелаThe lake of wood in archeological sites is a problem to work about wood and forest during the Middle ages. This work purpose a new methodological approach, to treat the wood question in rupestrian architecture. This study uses anthracological, dendrological, and architectural éléments.The print of wood in médieval walls gives the diametre of the trees used during construction. Anthracology gives the species used on archéological sites and the dendrological study purpose an age for each diametre and each species used on site.All these results give the opportunity to purpose forest reconstitution for lower Provence in Middle ages
Bessenay-Prolonge, Julie. "Au carrefour du plateau iranien et des steppes d'Asie Centrale : Tureng Tépé dans la plaine de Gorgan, des sociétés proto-urbaines aux forteresses de l'âge du Fer : étude strarigraphiques et architecturales menées d'après les archives inédites de la Mission Française à Tureng Tépé." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H004.
Повний текст джерелаLocated in the northeast of Iran, at the crossroads of the Iranian plateau and the steppes of Central Asia, the Gorgân plain is, by the nature of its landscapes and climate, a particularly suitable region for human settlements. The site of Tureng Tépé, excavated in the years 1960-1970 by a team of French archaeologists, revealed an occupational sequence of several millennia since Chalcolithic until the modem time. The stratigraphic and architectural study conducted from unpublished documents from the excavation archives, permit us to reconstruct and characterize the oldest occupations of the site, from Chalcolithic to the Iron Age. The archaeological layers discovered in the areas of the Petit Tépé and the Tépé Sud demonstrate continuous occupation from the end of the 4th millennium to the beginning of the 2nd millennium BC. The Middle Bronze Age is marked by the construction of a large monumental brick terrace of which an in-depth architectural analysis has been carried out. In addition, the study of several categories of artifacts clearly shows the existence of long-distance contacts and exchanges between on the one band the plains of Gorgan and Damghan, and on the other hand South Central Asia and Khorasan and to a lesser extent the southeastem regions of the Iranian plateau and Baluchistan. After several centuries of abandonment, Tureng Tépé is reoccupied at the end of the Iron Age II. These occupations, which are clearly distinguishable from those of the Bronze Age, are represented by a succession of fortifications rebuilt several times
Gilotte, Sophie. "L' Estrémadure centre-orientale (VIIIe-XIIIe siècles): peuplement et formes d'habitat aux marges d'al-Andalus." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040066.
Повний текст джерелаNeglected by chronicles and situated in the background of the political scene, Middle-Eastern Extremadura seems to have hardly been studied in the context of Al-Andalus from the 8th to the 13th century. Away from the big cities of the fertile plains of the Guadiana and the Guadalquivir where populations, attracted by the agriculture richness, gathered, this area remained out of the preoccupations of the successive centres of power. Representing an outlying zone, it was also both a crossing area and a border area, and the history of its populating had only just begun so far. If the textual sources –whether Christian or Muslim– reveal a hardly populated environment for this zone, the survey of new or already existing sites, together with the study of the material, led us to qualify the emptiness of the countryside and to redefine the role of the urban environment. Even if this work favours the data collected on the sites, the other sources have not been set aside. As a matter of fact, numismatic and epigraphy happened to be important elements in order to understand the fenomena linked to the cultural, ideological and economical changes. The chronological development highlights the adaptation of peasant communities faced with the dismantling of the system of exploitation from late Antiquity and the fenomenon of the fortification in the countryside, and leads us to wonder about the different political factors which could influence it. The description of the main spatial and diachronic tendencies of the system of organisation allows to understand whether they are different from the established models, particularly as far as the Eastern lands of the Peninsula are concerned
Ferraresso, Ivan. "La maison en Lorraine, du Moyen Âge à la Renaissance (XIIIe-XVIe siècles)." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0353.
Повний текст джерелаUntil now the buildings of the 13th-16th centuries in the Lorraine region have not yet been investigated systematically by modern building research. Only the profane architecture of the city of Metz has been studied occasionally. In the rest of the study region, the domestic building constructed during the late Middle Age is remaining still largely unknown, without any doubt resulting from a lack of its visibility. It is evident that the bad state of conservation is remarkably hampering modern methodological building research. This has forced us to modify our scientific approach by integrating sociological concepts, the architectural language and the evidence of important chrono-historical developments. The regional bibliography dealing with this subject is evidencing that the anthropo-historical approach has largely influenced former studies and analysis. Today, modern research is taking profit from a much more developed scientific documentation, which is based on a systematic inventory, architectural studies and results from archaeological excavations. The stock of the inventoried buildings is without any doubt reflecting the socio-political developments of the Lorraine region between the 13th and the 16th c. AD. In this work the building’s architecture was studied from three different viewpoints to understand their today’s socio-cultural value: the surviving and persisting elements deriving from older architectural practices, the abandonment of practices and techniques and, not to forget, the local architectural and technical Know-how. This approach has allowed identifying the archetype of the domestic building in the Lorraine region between the 13th and 16th centuries and its heritage within the known historical building stock
Lautier, Claudine. "La fenêtre dans l'architecture religieuse d'Île-de-France au XIIIe siècle (de Saint-Leu-d'Esserent à la cathédrale de Beauvais)." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040138.
Повний текст джерелаA study of gothic windows and their place in the elevation of religious buildings in Île-de-France and neighboring areas, between 1190 to 1270. A methodological, architectonical, historical and stylistic approach. Technical and formal innovations and their pervasion, from the high gothic period till the end of the "rayonnant" period in that area. The creation of the composed window, the birth of the “rayonnant” style window, and the lavish geometrical patterns in "en délit" traceries defined as soon as 1240. Thus the advent of “rayonnant” style architecture can be defined, as well as the various general trends throughout the given period
Grélois, Alexis Jean Manuel. ""Homme et femme il les créa" : l'ordre cistercien et ses religieuses des origines au milieu du XIVe siècle." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040197.
Повний текст джерелаEver since the 17th century, historians have been debating when the monastic order of Cîteaux began to include nuns, and whether it did so willingly or not. The order was first devised as an association of abbots and monks. However, the white monks had to find a religious status for their female relatives, since conversion was usually a lineage issue. The solutions varied a lot, especially with the different areas of the Western World. Even Bernard of Clairvaux did supervise nunneries and promoted a model of monastic life so attractive that hundreds of nunneries entered the cistercian order from 1200 on. The general chapter tried to strengthen the abbots' control over the nuns, to the detriment of the abbesses and of their own filiation system. The paternity over the nunneries was centralized by Cîteaux and Clairvaux. Around 1300, while the order had lost most of its original features, its institutions were in a perfect state
Delamarre, Barbara. "Les églises romanes de Bretagne : une production artistique médiévale et sa réception contemporaine." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN20004.
Повний текст джерелаThe Romanesque architecture of Brittany is one of the great forgotten of research. Disrepute in the nineteenth centuryfor not obeying the models prescribe by the theory of Regional Schools, it will be investigated locally, piece by piece, with noreal major study before 1958. Half a century after the publication of the work of Roger Grand (Romanesque art in Brittany, Picard), a new perspective had to be given, in the light of new discoveries and methodological developments. An inventory of major buildings is presented in a catalog of notes, as a basis for the analysis and definition of the architectural design in Brittany in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. Romanesque art developed in Brittany, as elsewhere, original forms, adaptedto local materials but sometimes watered by remote references. It appears that the lack of knowledge of this heritage is more an effect of recent historical phenomena than of the poor quality of it. If the Romanesque period was dismissed in regional historical studies this is a phenomenon of rewriting Breton history, a regional novel, begun in the 1830s and, in part,still running
Homshaw, Nicolas. "Caen dans ses murs, XIe- XVIIe siècle : les clôtures urbaines : leurs effets de paroi." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010649.
Повний текст джерелаNo English summary available
Reveyron, Nicolas. "La cathédrale de Lyon et sa place dans l'histoire de l'art (1170-1245)." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA040161.
Повний текст джерелаThis is a study of the eastern part of the cathedral, from apse to the eastern bays of the nave (about 1170 - about 1245 ): romanesque an gothic, this part lets see a realy original aesthetics and a wonderful regional adaptation of the gothic style. Three directions of search. First, the situation of the cathedral in the town and the organisation of the building-yard. Second, study of plan and elevations. Third, the so called "architectonic decoration". Colossal and evolutiv models; orthostats; facing of a wall (boss and polish facing); no-extradossed arches
Djelloul, Neji. "Les Installations militaires et la défense des Côtes tunisiennes du XVIe au XIXe siècles." Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA040020.
Повний текст джерелаThis essay have for subject the military installations and the defences of the Tunisian coasts in the Ottoman periode (XVI-XIX centuries). . . He is divided into three unequal parts. .
Rapin, Thomas. "Les chantiers de Jean de France, duc de Berry : maîtrise d'ouvrage et architecture à la fin du Moyen âge." Poitiers, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010POIT5027.
Повний текст джерелаThe architectural heritage of Duke Jean de Berry (1340-1416) is one of the largest at the end of 14th century. He is credited with approximately twenty construction' sites, from Auvergne to the ocean and Paris, founded on the prince's determination to provide their financing, and by the skills of a small group of great artists led by the Dampartin brothers. Designed at the beginning of the flamboyant architecture, their achievements have in the past too often been studied in a binary way opposing innovation and tradition. Similarly to their patron's rich and eclectic culture, the works of Duke of Berry don't fit in this duality. In reality, they try to satisfy the shared, and sometimes contradictory interests of the Duke, the King and Urban Communities, and belong to a move toward cohesion which is the hallmark of the dawn of the modern state
Boucheron, Patrick. "Urbanisme, politique des grands travaux et pouvoir princier à Milan à la fin du Moyen Âge." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010622.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis would like to underline the ideological coherence, the political meanings and the economical efficiency of the public works that the Visconti and the Sforza plan for their capital, Milan on the XIVth and XVth centuries. The dukes try to express their power on the city using a deliberated activity concentred on the town-planning. We bring to light the architectural aspect of the monumental policy but the artistic patronage, the constitution of the officers in charge with the urban conduct, and the impact of the ducal activities on the building economy as well. At last, we try to point out the links between the concerted town-planning and the self spatial dynamics of the economical metropole. In the same time, the aspects of a ducal power and the structures of a urban development appear to be very nearly united
Tuil, Bulle. "Inhumation et baraka : La tombe du saint dans la ville de l’Occident musulman au Moyen-Âge (XIIe-XVe siècle)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040277.
Повний текст джерелаSince the fi rst publications dated from colonial times, which mostly sought to show its folk and endemic character,the cult of saints in North Africa has been the subject of numerous studies both dealing with its origins as itsdiachronic evolution. The fi rst stage of development that goes from the twelfth to the fi fteenth century is well known.However, this worship is committed to the graves of revered fi gures and there have been no studies specifi cally focusingon their materiality. This research then intends to reconstruct the building stages of real poles of devotion around theholy tombs whose climax is reached during the fourteenth century. This approach is in line with archaeology of the lost,and therefore focuses on the analysis of written sources in order to approach a physical reality, otherwise unattainable.The fi rst step is formal. The point is to understand what is erected over the tombs of the saints and for whatpurposes, in a chronological way. The constitution of shrines is subsequently considered in its social context, beforeanalysing how these burials inscribe themselves in a given space, and even participate in a symbolic writing of the city’sterritory.The set up of these funerary poles of devotion is not an isolated phenomenon, since it can be seen across the dāral-Islām. The Maghreb is therefore fully inscribed in the history of medieval religious architecture of the Muslim world
Estienne, Marie-Pierre. "Les réseaux castraux et l'évolution de l'architecture castrale dans les Baronnies de Mevouillon et de Montauban de la fin du Xe siecle à 1317." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX10077.
Повний текст джерелаBernard, Jean-Louis. "Les débuts de l’architecture religieuse romane en Ile-de-France." Paris 10, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA100006.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this work is to understand the appearance and the diffusion of the Romanesque architecture around Paris. The study is about more than two hundred churches whose hundred have a precise description. The long chronological series studies (1000-1120/30) allows to observ significant changes, from the last constructions of the early middle age to the bird of the gothic art. The great number of the analysed data has justified the elaboration of a computerized method for the recording of the Romanesque architecture
Tumoine, Pascale. "L'église Saint-Pierre et Saint-Paul de Bazouges-La-Pérouse : étude monographique." Rennes 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987REN20004.
Повний текст джерелаBefore the gothic church - built between the 12th and the 16th centuries - was two pre-Romans buildings situated side by side. Artificially reunified, this construction was astonishing. It structure was composed of six irregulars parallels parts, which had different heights, and four longitudinal steps in the middle; the belfry wasn't in the center. This church was spacious and dark. It was damaged during the revolution and the edifice was built again - almost completely - during the 19th century. Then, it was been turned to the west side, broadly open on the city; the principal front is over hanged by a neogothic belfry. The church has some gothic vestiges (vault, columns) and beautiful stained glass window