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1
Kalutara, Pushpitha, Guomin Zhang, Sujeeva Setunge, and Ron Wakefield. "Factors that influence Australian community buildings’ sustainable management." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 24, no. 1 (January 16, 2017): 94–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-10-2015-0158.
Анотація:
Purpose Australia has a huge stock of community buildings built up over decades. Their replacements consume a large sum of money from country’s economy which has called for a strategy for their sustainable management. For this, a comprehensive decision-making structure is an utmost requirement. The purpose of this paper is to capture their sustainable management from four aspects, i.e. environmental, economic, social and functional. Design/methodology/approach The design process follows an extensive review of environmental and life cycle assessments and company context documents. Extracted factors are tailored to community buildings management following expert consultation. However, the resulted list of factors is extremely large, and “factor analysis” technique is used to group the factors. For this, an industry-wide questionnaire across Australian local councils is employed to solicit opinions of the list of factors. Findings The analysis has pinpointed 18 key parameters (criteria) to represent all four aspects. This paper presents the preliminary findings of the factors and the analysis results based on the questionnaire responses. Practical implications The final decision-making structure incorporates all these aspects and criteria. This can be used to develop a decision-making model which produces a sustainability index for building components. Asset managers can mainly use the sustainability index to prioritise their maintenance activities and eventually, to find out cost-optimisation options for them. Originality/value Most notably, this is the first study to apply all four sustainability aspects (environmental, economic, social and functional) to develop a decision-making structure for Australian community buildings’ sustainable management.
2
Bevan, Emma A. M., and Ping Yung. "Implementation of corporate social responsibility in Australian construction SMEs." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 22, no. 3 (May 18, 2015): 295–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-05-2014-0071.
Анотація:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) related activities in small to medium sized construction enterprises within Australia. Reasons behind the implementation level are also evaluated. Design/methodology/approach – Quantitative and qualitative company level data from 28 Australian small to medium sized construction enterprises were collected using an in-depth questionnaire. Levels of CSR implementation in three aspects, namely, environmental, social and ethical, were measured. Each aspect was broken down into sub-areas and implementation scores were aggregated and normalised. Awareness level and concern for economic aspect, the two hypothesised reasons for level of implementation, were also measured. Non-parametric correlation analyses were used to examine the hypotheses. Findings – The findings suggest small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) incorporate some aspects of CSR into their business activities even though they do not refer to the practices as CSR, as none of them have a formal CSR policy in place. Most SMEs in the construction industry implement ethical and economic aspect of CSR; however implementation across environmental and social issues is limited. Non-parametric correlation analyses show that higher awareness of CSR issues leads to higher levels of implementation and that concern about economic aspect is not a reason why CSR is not implemented into business practices. Research limitations/implications – Everett Rogers’ diffusion paradigm can also be applied to CSR implementation, but more research works are required to theoretically and empirically examine the relationships between CSR implementation and economic aspect. Originality/value – It is apparent that there is a significant gap in the research regarding Australian SMEs and sustainability issues as the majority of the literature is focused upon large organisations even though the approaches taken by SMEs towards CSR are very different to those of large corporations. The SME business sector is a significant sector in terms of its environmental, economic and social impacts. Hence recognition of this sector is growing and is now becoming the focus of an agenda to promote the implementation of CSR practices in SMEs. This paper aims to provide useful and detailed information to add to what is currently an underdeveloped body of knowledge in this area.
3
Raftery, David. "Producing value from Australia's vineyards: an ethnographic approach to 'the quality turn' in the Australian wine industry." Journal of Political Ecology 24, no. 1 (September 27, 2017): 342. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v24i1.20877.
Анотація:
Abstract This article provides a detailed ethnographic intervention to the phenomenon of value-added agriculture, a discourse that has attained several concrete forms in Australian wine industry policy, and which is routinely presented as a legitimate rural future in wider agricultural and social science research. The legal and policy architecture of 'Geographical Indications' purports to value the regional distinctiveness of agricultural areas, by creating legally-defined wine regions. Producers from these wine regions enjoy privileged access to the use of regional descriptors that apply to their products, and the constitution of such wine regions can also codify the relationships between this regional identity and concrete viticultural and winemaking practices. This article draws on ethnographic research within the Clare Valley region of South Australia, one of the first Australian wine regions to be formally constituted as a legal entity, to examine in close detail the relationships that this region's wine producers have with their own discrete areas of operation. These ethnographic illustrations highlight that the creation of economic value within the premium wine industry cannot be reduced to the technical aspects of viticulture and oenology, nor the legal and policy means by which relationships between products and land are codified. Rather, the nuanced social understandings of landscape that wine producers are consistently developing is a critical element of cultural and commercial infrastructure that affords any wine producer or grape grower the possibility of achieving monopolistic relationships over discrete vineyard areas and the wine that is produced from them. These social understandings have a specifically egalitarian character that acts as a hedge against the chronic uncertainties arising from the global economic environment in which premium wine industry is inescapably a part. This resistance to codification, I argue, is a productive space that constitutes a form of resilience against chronically unstable sets of commercial and environmental conditions. Keywords: monopoly, regional rents, occupational discourse, intellectual property, Geographic Indications, Australian agrarian futures
4
Pink, Sarah, Melisa Duque, Shanti Sumartojo, and Laurene Vaughan. "Making Spaces for Staff Breaks: A Design Anthropology Approach." HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal 13, no. 2 (January 31, 2020): 243–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1937586719900954.
Анотація:
Purpose: This article proposes and demonstrates a design anthropological approach to hospital design and architecture and engages this approach to advance recent discussions of the question of designing for staff breaks. Background: We respond to calls for attention to sensory and experiential dimensions of hospital architecture and design through social science approaches and to research into the sensory environments for staff breaks. Method: Design anthropology enables us to surface the experiential and unspoken knowledge and practice of hospital staff, which is inaccessible through conventional consultations, quantitative post-occupancy evaluation surveys, or traditional interviews. We draw on ethnographic research into the everyday experience, improvisatory activity, and imagined futures of staff working in the psychiatric department of a large new architecturally designed hospital in Australia. Results: We argue that while the sensory aspects of hospital design conventionally cited—such as light and green areas—are relevant, attention to staff priorities that emerge in practice reveals that well-being is contingent on other qualities and resources. Conclusions: This suggests a refocus, away from the idea that environments impact on staff to create well-being, to understanding how staff improvise to create environments of well-being. We outline the implications of this research for an agenda for design for well-being in which architects and designers are often constrained by generic design briefs to argue for a shift in policy that attends more deeply to staff as future users of hospital designs.
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Yazdani Mehr, Shabnam, and Sara Wilkinson. "Technical issues and energy efficient adaptive reuse of heritage listed city halls in Queensland Australia." International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation 36, no. 5 (November 12, 2018): 529–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbpa-02-2018-0020.
Анотація:
Purpose Adaptive reuse of heritage stock has several advantages: retention of culturally and socially significant buildings, as well as the opportunity to consider embodied energy, energy efficiency retrofit measures and other environmental upgrades. The purpose of this paper is to identify the technical issues faced in the adaptive reuse of Australian heritage listed city halls and discuss sustainable strategies to enable further adaptations to be more energy efficient. Design/methodology/approach Adaptive reuse of a heritage building provides an opportunity to retain embodied energy, improve energy efficiency and enhance durability, which are important aspects of the technical lifecycle of a building. Using a case study methodology and a qualitative approach, this paper evaluates adaptations and the technical issues faced in three heritage city halls in Queensland, Australia. Findings The analysis shows that enhancing energy efficiency enables heritage buildings to reduce their climate change impacts. However, the installation of equipment for energy efficiency can pose technical issues for heritage buildings. The ownership of heritage building and interest of the local community affects the solutions that are viable. Solutions and further sustainable strategies are proposed through analysis of case studies. Originality/value City halls globally adopt different and varied architectural designs, features and scales. They are often heritage listed and locally significant landmarks that have undergone various adaptations; however, they have been overlooked in much adaptive reuse research, particularly in Australia. City halls differ from other heritage buildings in their collective sense of ownership which is important in regard to proposed changes, as citizens have an interest and hold opinions which may affect measures adopted. This paper contributes to the body of knowledge related to energy efficient technical adaptive reuse of city halls.
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Hu, Xin, Bo Xia, Martin Skitmore, and Laurie Buys. "Providing a sustainable living environment in not-for-profit retirement villages." Facilities 36, no. 5/6 (April 3, 2018): 272–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-02-2017-0013.
Анотація:
Purpose As a viable housing option for older people, retirement villages need to provide a sustainable living environment that satisfies their residents’ needs in terms of affordability, lifestyle and environmental friendliness. This is, however, a significant challenge for not-for-profit developers because of the high upfront costs involved in using sustainable practices. The purpose of this paper is to identify the sustainable features and practices adopted in not-for-profit retirement villages. Design/methodology/approach Because of the lack of quantitative historical data, a case study approach was adopted to identify the sustainable features and practices used in a not-for-profit retirement village in Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia. Data were collected based on interviews, direct observation and documentation, and collected data were analysed by using content analysis. Findings The research findings indicate that similar to private developers, not-for-profit developers also have the capability to make their village environment sustainable. In this case, the sustainable practices cover various aspects including the selection of village location, site planning, provision of facilities and services, social life and living costs. Although the associated costs of adopting sustainable features is a concern for both developers and residents, some of the identified sustainable practices in this case do not result in significant cost increase but can improve the residents’ quality of life substantially. Practical implications The research findings provide a number of practical implications on how to deliver sustainable retirement villages in a not-for-profit village setting. Originality/value This paper provides a first look at sustainable features and practices adopted in both the development and operation stages of a not-for-profit retirement village.
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Newton, Clare, Sue Wilks, and Dominique Hes. "Educational Buildings as 3D Text Books: Linking ecological sustainability, pedagogy and space." Open House International 34, no. 1 (March 1, 2009): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-01-2009-b0003.
Анотація:
This paper discusses the opportunity afforded by a substantial research grant to examine three aspects of recent school design and learning. First, spaces that support effective learning, second, the role of the building in achieving sustainability, and third, pedagogies and practices that support one and two. Schools are complex systems in which the physical environment interacts with pedagogical, socio-cultural, curricular, motivational and socio-economic factors as well as providing benefits or costs in environmental terms. Limiting the research focus to exemplar case study schools will enable a more comprehensive study of the schools as 3D texts. Through proactive research methodologies, students, teachers and architects will collaborate to manipulate the spaces to suit different learning modalities. Students will help collect environmental data and therefore learn more about climate and energy. They will also participate within teams to further their problem solving, communication and organizational skills. Teachers will become more aware of and hopefully skilled at managing space both environmentally and pedagogically. Architects will have the unusual opportunity of experiencing and analyzing their designs through the eyes of users. While this ambitious research is in its infancy, the interdisciplinary approach and support from nine industry partners is relevant for other researchers who are seeking to have an impact on design practice using an action research methodology. The research is timely.4 Following in the footsteps of the United Kingdom, Australian state and federal governments have committed to reinvigorate our aging school stock. This research led by an interdisciplinary team, was developed in partnership with Department of Education and Early Childhood Development, the Victorian Government Architect's Office, and seven design firms with expertise in learning environments. The research has been funded by the Australian Research Council
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Poor, Javad Asad, David Thorpe, and Yong Wah Goh. "A collaborative image of energy efficient housing via a photo-based approach." International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis 13, no. 3 (November 4, 2019): 513–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhma-07-2019-0070.
Анотація:
Purpose Regarding the contribution of Australian small-size housing in the enhancement of total energy consumption of the country and the roles of the occupants’ preferences in successful implementation of action plans, the purpose of this study is to identify the Australian occupants’ collaborative image of housing energy efficiency. The two main objectives are, therefore, to address the main energy-related housing physical factors that have the potential in representing the housing image of Australian occupants and to explain the causal factors that make the physical factors critical to their energy efficiency perception. Design/methodology/approach This study has been developed through a qualitative approach. Given that the images encompass a wide range of information expressing human perceptions, an online photo-based qualitative survey was developed based on previous research works. The survey includes respondents’ demographic profiles and the evaluation of images, asking for their perception of overall housing energy efficiency, the impacts of building envelope physical attributes on the energy efficiency of the houses and the reasons behind the selection of different attributes. Findings This study has developed a set of attribute-based factors, explaining occupants’ collective perception of energy efficient small-size housing of Brisbane in the area of exterior aspects of the buildings. Specifically, the collaborative image of small-size housing of Brisbane is about the thermal performance of the buildings provided through passive climatic principles by using more efficient envelope features, e.g. material, colour, transparency, texture, openings, balconies and shadowing devices, while ignoring the impacts of architectural composition principles along neighbourhood quality. The key attributes in assessing the small-housing energy efficiency are ventilation, thermal performance and shadowing. The housing images in old traditional architectural style with rural face, built by stone, brick and concrete in high dense vegetation were evaluated to be more energy efficient than those with modern architecture, built by large glass panel and metal cladding with light or no vegetation. Research limitations/implications The main limitation of the paper is related to the nature of an image-based survey, which leads to ignoring some aspects of real spaces such as odour, temperature and noise. Practical implications This research has the potential for developing a practical methodology for assessing housing-resident fit using computer-based methodology and neural networks. Social implications This research has the potential for developing a methodology, assisting the end users in meeting their desires and motivations by helping them in assessing how a housing unit fits with their expectations and preferences. Originality/value This research provides a reliable conceptual platform for dealing with the complexity of occupants’ housing perceptions. This is achieved by establishing a collective conceptual picture of these environmental perceptions, namely, housing image, which is a platform for transferring abstract data related to human perception into measurable and quantitative scales.
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Cao, Jun, and Ye Lin. "Sustainable City Growth New Models for the Post-Industrial City." Applied Mechanics and Materials 513-517 (February 2014): 2778–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.2778.
Анотація:
This paper reports on research in the area of Green Urbanism and new models for urban growth and neighborhoods, as cities need to transform from a fossil-based model to a model based on sustainable energy sources. The paper deals with cross-cutting issues in architecture, landscape architecture and urban design and addresses the question of how we can best cohesively integrate all aspects of energy systems, transport systems, waste and water management, passive and active strategies, natural ventilation and so on, into contemporary urban design of Eco-Cities with an improved environmental performance of cities. This text reflects upon practical strategies focused on increasing sustainability beyond and within the scope of individual buildings and provides a context for a general discourse about the regeneration of the city centre, its transformation to a sustainable model, and discusses how urbanism is affected (and can be expected to be even more affected in future) by the paradigms of ecology. Recent examples for the application of such urban design principles are the two proposals for the Australian city of Newcastle: the City Campus and Port City projects. These case studies illustrate that it is less environmentally damaging to stimulate growth within the established city centre rather than sprawling into new, formerly un-built areas. Three steps from passive building design to active mechanical equipment. The designer needs to take full advantage of basic, passive building strategies first, before adding mechanical active equipment. Motto: More with less. The entire urban metabolism is based on energy supply. However, a new symbiosis between countryside and city is emerging: The century-old tension between rural and urban might finally get resolved, where the city stops to grow at the expense of its rural hinterland.
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Ignatieva, Maria, Dagmar Haase, Diana Dushkova, and Annegret Haase. "Lawns in Cities: From a Globalised Urban Green Space Phenomenon to Sustainable Nature-Based Solutions." Land 9, no. 3 (March 2, 2020): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9030073.
Анотація:
This opinion paper discusses urban lawns, the most common part of open green spaces and urban green infrastructures. It highlights both the ecosystem services and also disservices provided by urban lawns based on the authors’ experience of working within interdisciplinary research projects on lawns in different cities of Europe (Germany, Sweden and Russia), New Zealand (Christchurch), USA (Syracuse, NY) and Australia (Perth). It complements this experience with a detailed literature review based on the most recent studies of different biophysical, social, planning and design aspects of lawns. We also used an international workshop as an important part of the research methodology. We argue that although lawns of Europe and the United States of America are now relatively well studied, other parts of the world still underestimate the importance of researching lawns as a complex ecological and social phenomenon. One of the core objectives of this paper is to share a paradigm of nature-based solutions in the context of lawns, which can be an important step towards finding resilient sustainable alternatives for urban green spaces in the time of growing urbanisation, increased urban land use competition, various user demands and related societal challenges of the urban environment. We hypothesise that these solutions may be found in urban ecosystems and various local native plant communities that are rich in species and able to withstand harsh conditions such as heavy trampling and droughts. To support the theoretical hypothesis of the relevance of nature-based solutions for lawns we also suggest and discuss the concept of two natures—different approaches to the vision of urban nature, including the understanding and appreciation of lawns. This will help to increase the awareness of existing local ecological approaches as well as an importance of introducing innovative landscape architecture practices. This article suggests that there is a potential for future transdisciplinary international research that might aid our understanding of lawns in different climatic and socio-cultural conditions as well as develop locally adapted (to environmental conditions, social needs and management policies) and accepted nature-based solutions.
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Kotova, Tatiana, and Svetlana Malkhazova. "Atlas cancer mapping abroad." InterCarto. InterGIS 28, no. 2 (2022): 244–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2022-2-28-244-260.
Анотація:
To assess the state and prospects for the development of cancer mapping in Russia, country and world experience in the preparation of cartographic works on cancer topics is useful. For this purpose, an attempt was made to trace the development of cancer mapping on the example of foreign atlas works and some publications on their review. National (Australian Cancer Atlas, Taiwan cancer map, Canadian Cancer Incidence Atlas, etc.) and world (The Cancer Atlas, Global burden of cancer women, Global Atlas of Palliative Care at the End of Life, etc.) atlases are presented. They deserve attention in terms of promoting the content and methodological side of cancer mapping, as well as expanding their functionality. The review of atlases reflects the diversity of approaches to their development, the differences in the indicators used, and the prevailing trends in the presentation of results for solving the problems facing medicine and society. The concept of “burden” is the basis of the concept of a significant part of the atlases. It covers various aspects of the manifestation of cancer (from medical to socio-economic) and is displayed in atlases, depending on their purpose, with varying degrees of completeness. From studying the spatio-temporal spread of cancer, atlas studies are moving on to building and testing hypotheses about the factors and determinants of cancer on the basis of a variety of synergies of natural, social, economic, environmental, behavioral and other features.
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Soldani, David, Malcolm Shore, Jeremy Mitchell, and Mark A. Gregory. "The 4G to 5G Network Architecture Evolution in Australia." Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 6, no. 4 (November 2, 2018): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/ajtde.v6n4.161.
Анотація:
This paper provides a review of selected design and security aspects of 5G systems and addresses key questions about the deployment scenarios of Next Generation Radio Access Networks in Australia. The paper first presents the most relevant 5G use cases for the Australian market in 2018-19, and beyond; 5G concept and definitions; 3GPP updates, in terms of system architecture and enabling technologies and corresponding timelines; and spectrum availability, linked to possible 5G deployments in Australia. Then, the paper discusses the 5G functional architecture, possible configuration options, enabling technologies and network migration strategies and related 5G security, in Australia and globally. This is followed by a description of the possible 5G deployment scenarios in a multivendor environment and includes, as a case study, the Huawei product portfolio and site solution in Australia. The paper concludes with a discussion on the potential benefits of a telecommunications security assurance centre to improve the whole-of-life security assurance of critical telecommunications infrastructure and why it is important for the Australia telecommunications sector.
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Soldani, David, Malcolm Shore, Jeremy Mitchell, and Mark A. Gregory. "The 4G to 5G Network Architecture Evolution in Australia." Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 6, no. 4 (November 2, 2018): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v6n4.161.
Анотація:
This paper provides a review of selected design and security aspects of 5G systems and addresses key questions about the deployment scenarios of Next Generation Radio Access Networks in Australia. The paper first presents the most relevant 5G use cases for the Australian market in 2018-19, and beyond; 5G concept and definitions; 3GPP updates, in terms of system architecture and enabling technologies and corresponding timelines; and spectrum availability, linked to possible 5G deployments in Australia. Then, the paper discusses the 5G functional architecture, possible configuration options, enabling technologies and network migration strategies and related 5G security, in Australia and globally. This is followed by a description of the possible 5G deployment scenarios in a multivendor environment and includes, as a case study, the Huawei product portfolio and site solution in Australia. The paper concludes with a discussion on the potential benefits of a telecommunications security assurance centre to improve the whole-of-life security assurance of critical telecommunications infrastructure and why it is important for the Australia telecommunications sector.
14
Suh, Jeong-Yul. "Hydrogeochemical aspects in reclaimed area, Sydney, Australia." Geosciences Journal 8, no. 1 (March 2004): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02910279.
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Mctainsh, GH, and NC Duhaylungsod. "Aspects of soil particle size analysis in Australia." Soil Research 27, no. 4 (1989): 629. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9890629.
Анотація:
Analysis of the particle-size characteristics of a soil can provide valuable information on the processes and products of soil formation. Studies of loess soils world-wide have used particle size as a major criterion, however, in Australia the particle-size characteristics of parna (a t y e of loess with a high clay content) have not been measured in detail. A modified method of particle-size analysis is proposed which gives more accurate results and which may contribute to a better understanding of soil formation in general, and loess formation in particular, in Australia.
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Philokyprou, Maria, and Aimilios Michael. "Social and environmental aspects of courtyards in Cyprus vernacular architecture." SAJ - Serbian Architectural Journal 8, no. 1 (2016): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/saj1601075p.
Анотація:
Central courtyards emerged in many civilizations of the world. Cyprus was no exception as courtyards formed important architectural features throughout the centuries in the residential architecture of the island. The erection of dwellings attached to each other, the need for a private outdoor protected space due to the introverted character of societies, as well as the climatic conditions, i.e. warm Mediterranean climate, led to a widespread use of the courtyard in nearly all traditional residences of the island in the last two centuries. Apart from vernacular architecture, courtyards appeared in earlier historic periods and, in some cases, they were found to be used in the residential architecture of more recent decades. This paper presents an analytical study of the social and environmental aspects of courtyards in the vernacular dwellings of Cyprus. The research underlines the role of the courtyard as an important social gathering area, as well as a microclimate regulator in the residences. Moreover, it highlights its bioclimatic significance in enhancing the integration of nature's elements into the design and overall architectural concept of the dwelling.
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Banks, S. A., and B. B. Docker. "Delivering environmental flows in the Murray-Darling Basin (Australia)—legal and governance aspects." Hydrological Sciences Journal 59, no. 3-4 (March 28, 2014): 688–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2013.825723.
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Chen, Shuang, and Le Bo Shi. "Environmental Design of Interior Space in Closed Type Architecture." Advanced Materials Research 1010-1012 (August 2014): 681–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1010-1012.681.
Анотація:
This paper introduces the characteristics of interior space environmental in closed type architecture. The impact of closed environment on the aspects of orientation, space to guide, timing, indoor and outdoor visual contact is analyzed detailedly. Finally, the problems and principles which should be paid attention to in the design are proposed.
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Gertig, Dorota M., Ashley Fletcher, and John L. Hopper. "Public health aspects of genetic screening for hereditary haemochromatosis in Australia." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 26, no. 6 (December 2002): 518–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-842x.2002.tb00360.x.
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Barclay, Kate. "The Social in Assessing for Sustainability. Fisheries in Australia." Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 4, no. 3 (November 5, 2012): 38–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ccs.v4i3.2655.
Анотація:
The notion that sustainability rests on three pillars – economic, environmental and social – has been widely accepted since the 1990s. In practice, however, the economic and environmental aspects have tended to dominate the sustainability agenda, and social aspects have been sidelined. Two reasons for this are: 1) there is a lack of data collected about which to build meaningful pictures of social aspects of sustainability for populations over time, and 2) there is a lack of recognition of the role of social factors in sustainability, and a related lack of understanding of how to analyse them in conjunction with economic and environmental factors. This paper surveys the literature about sustainability in fisheries, focussing on Australia, and focussing on the way social aspects have been treated. The paper finds that the problems that have been identified for assessing the social in sustainability in general are certainly manifest in fisheries. Management of Australian fisheries has arguably made great improvements to biological sustainability over the last decade, but much remains to be done to generate similar improvements in social sustainability for fishing communities. This is the case for government-run resource management as well as for initiatives from the private sector and conservation organizations as part of movements for corporate social responsibility and ethical consumerism. A significant challenge for improving sustainability in Australian fisheries, therefore, lies in improving data collection on social factors, and in bridging disciplinary divides to better integrate social with economic and biological assessments of sustainability.
21
Nahálka, Pavel. "Architecture and the Internal Environment in the Current Office Buildings - Environmental Aspects." Advanced Materials Research 899 (February 2014): 273–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.899.273.
Анотація:
Work in the office and the requirements of people as users of this environment changes fundamentally according to the way of implementation of the activities connected with obtaining, processing and exchange of information. Office workplace becomes not only variable, but almost mobile in time and space. Increase in the proportion of communication in administrative office work, changes of its ways and its implementation, and development of work arrangements in the working groups, are all reflected in the increasing demands for customization adaptation of environment office buildings. Architectural concepts thus must respond not only to the wishes of existing customers, but to a large extent also to the anticipated possible scenarios and alternatives of further development. Thus, the need to create spaces adaptable for different levels of group work, the multiple use of workplaces, or for focusing on work on projects with time-limited duration are included in the considerations about an office building. The user of a working environment will require its significantly greater adaptability to highly individualized needs of a diverse range of office activities. To secure them does not only mean better technical parameters of intelligent buildings concepts, but also a better organization of activities and their relation to the projection and architectural design of individual spaces and buildings as a whole.
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Clancy, K. G., and D. J. Carroll. "Key Issues in Planning Submarine Outfalls for Sydney, Australia." Water Science and Technology 18, no. 11 (November 1, 1986): 159–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1986.0151.
Анотація:
This paper describes three large tunnelled submarine ocean outfalls, planned to safely discharge primary effluent from about two-thirds of the regional population of Sydney, Australia into deep ocean water. Environmental and investigation aspects are dealt with briefly. Interesting aspects of design and construction planning are described. The design includes the handling of special hydraulic problems such as dilution and salt water removal. The construction planning foreshadows the extensive use of tunnelling machines including roadheaders and a full face tunnel boring machine. The offshore engineering describes the design and testing of innovative G R P risers and diffusers, and their intended installation by a semi–submersible drill ship using standard oil field techniques. The cost estimate and program is included.
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Murphy, F. C., J. Cull, T. J. Lee, S. K. Lee, and Y. Song. "Magnetotelluric soundings and crustal architecture at Century mine, northern Australia." Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 55, no. 5 (July 2008): 655–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08120090801982827.
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Sadras, Víctor O., and David K. Roget. "Production and Environmental Aspects of Cropping Intensification in a Semiarid Environment of Southeastern Australia." Agronomy Journal 96, no. 1 (January 2004): 236–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2004.2360.
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Bramston, Paul, Grace Pretty, and Charlie Zammit. "Assessing Environmental Stewardship Motivation." Environment and Behavior 43, no. 6 (September 11, 2010): 776–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013916510382875.
Анотація:
Environmental stewardship networks flourish across Australia. Although the environment benefits, this article looks to identify what volunteers draw from their stewardship. The authors adapted 16 questions that purportedly tap environmental stewardship motivation and administered them to a convenience sample of 318 university students and then to 88 people living in rural Australia, who were either active members of environmental groups or voiced concern about local environmental issues. The results suggest that the measure consisting of these questions demonstrates acceptable internal consistency. Factor analyses support three relatively independent aspects of environmental stewardship motivation: (a) developing a sense of belonging, (b) caretaking the environment, and (c) expanding personal learning. Scores on the scale were not strongly correlated with well-being, suggesting that the scale measures more than general feelings of positive affect. Discussion focuses on the benefits of being able to reliably assess environmental stewardship motivation and areas for further development of the scale.
26
Toms, Ken N., Ian P. Williamson, and Don M. Grant. "THE CADASTRE AND THE EMERGING LAND INFORMATION SYSTEM IN SOUTH AUSTRALIA: SOME ADMINISTRATIVE ASPECTS." Canadian Surveyor 41, no. 2 (June 1987): 125–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcs-1987-0011.
Анотація:
A modern cadastre is defined and the relationship with the wider concept of land information system is established. A generalized approach to cadastral and land information systems in Australia is discussed. The experience of administration of cadastre and the emerging land information system in South Australia is examined and a conceptual model aimed at improvement is presented. The paper concludes with a recommendation for the creation of an Office of Land Information that would administer the operation of a complete LIS for South Australia.
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Johnson, T. C., and S. H. Williams. "From Canals to Lakes in South-East Queensland (Australia); Water Quality Aspects." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 2 (February 1, 1989): 261–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0061.
28
Zhang, Zhiming, Yongtao Tan, Long Shi, Lei Hou, and Guomin Zhang. "Current State of Using Prefabricated Construction in Australia." Buildings 12, no. 9 (September 1, 2022): 1355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091355.
Анотація:
The Australian prefabricated construction market has been developing rapidly in recent years. New prefabrication-related technologies, materials, systems and services are also emerging in the current Australian market. Although some studies have been undertaken to explore the benefits and challenges of implementing prefabrication in Australia over the past 15 years, they do not reflect the recent changes in the industry. Therefore, this study aims to fill this gap and identify the major changes in the current Australian prefabricated construction industry from industrial perceptions. Through literature reviews and industry interviews, factors reflecting major changes in the current Australian prefabricated construction, including prefabrication industry development, emerging benefits and challenges, were identified and discussed in this study. The challenges identified from interviews were classified into eight aspects related to feasibility, design, manufacturing, transportation, on-site construction, standardisation, skills and knowledge, finance and market. Furthermore, 21 recommendations and related key responsible parties were identified to tackle these challenges. The findings will provide useful references for various stakeholders to have a better understanding of the current prefabrication industry development in the Australian context and re-think how to adapt to future changes for the uptake of prefabricated construction in Australia.
29
Davidson, B. R. "Historical aspects of irrigation agriculture and river regulation in the Murraay-Darling Basin, Australia." Regulated Rivers: Research & Management 2, no. 2 (April 1988): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rrr.3450020207.
30
Abdo, Linda, Sandy Griffin, and Annabeth Kemp. "Apples for Oranges: Disparities in Offset Legislation and Policy among Jurisdictions and its Implications for Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development in Australia." Environmental Management and Sustainable Development 8, no. 1 (February 11, 2019): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v8i1.14081.
Анотація:
As a signatory to Agenda 21, the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (including the Sustainable Development Goals) and the Convention on Biological Diversity, Australia has an international obligation to ensure sustainable development. Biodiversity offsets are one tool used by Australian regulators to allow development to continue, whilst ensuring international obligations for sustainable development are met. In this study, legislation, policy and published guidelines for the Australian Commonwealth, states and territories were analysed to determine if the application of biodiversity offsets was consistent with the principles of sustainable development (environmentally, socially, economically) and if the allowance of biodiversity offsets in different jurisdictions created gaps in biodiversity and environmental protection across Australia. Regulation of biodiversity offsets was found to be inconsistent between the Commonwealth and the states and territories, with most jurisdictions having less than 50% similarity. This inconsistency in offset policy and legislation between jurisdictions could lead to loss of biodiversity. Additionally, jurisdictions did not adequately consider the social and economic aspects of sustainability in relation to biodiversity offsets, meaning that, through the allowance of biodiversity offsets, Australia may not be meeting their international obligations related to sustainable development. Further legislative development for biodiversity offsets is required in Australia to improve environmental protection and to adequately consider all aspects of sustainability. The Council of Australian Governments is a mechanism that could be used to ensure all jurisdictions consider the aspects of sustainability consistently in relation to biodiversity offsets.
31
Attia, Ahmed S. "Learned Lessons from Traditional Architecture in Yemen -Towards Sustainable Architecture." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 17, no. 4 (July 27, 2022): 1197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.170418.
Анотація:
This paper explores the Learned Lessons from traditional Yemeni Architecture Towards Sustainable Architecture. It highlights how the local context influences the traditional architecture in Sanaa city and different regions of Yemen and Arab regions, according to nature, climatic conditions, culture, traditional values, and indigenous knowledge. Overview for sustainability during the twentieth century, sustainability and the Islam perspective in the Arab region, and selected the traditional architecture in Yemen as a case study. In addition to the analysis analyzed the city's urban form and the traditional house in Sana’a city, the design and elements of the house; spatial organization, construction systems and building materials, and window openings. Ornaments and sewerage systems. The study summarizes the aspects of sustainability in the traditional house in different regions in Yemen as an indigenous traditional knowledge for sustainable architecture. In conclusion, the traditional houses in the house in Yemen, designed according to the local context and indigenous traditional knowledge, have influenced traditional Yemeni architecture; the house elements and design fulfills sustainable requirements and positively impact the city's environmental, economic, and social aspects. Furthermore, it is considered a learned lesson from traditional architectural heritage and indigenous traditional knowledge toward sustainable architecture.
32
Li, Zhu Long, Ming Huo, and Xiao Xu Gu. "The Highway Architecture Characteristics." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 3780–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.3780.
Анотація:
The traditional highway development even pays more attention to the technique index of the highway,emphasizing the service ability and the service quantities and to for national economy.Usually emphasized" technique" factor for the highway but neglected the people’s request of environmental protection, cultural,region,art and other comprehensive factor. The highway architecture is to study the highway buildings structure, function ,environments and pepoles activity etc,certainly also includes two aspects of technique and art.
33
Johnson, S. P., A. M. Thorne, I. M. Tyler, R. J. Korsch, B. L. N. Kennett, H. N. Cutten, J. Goodwin, et al. "Crustal architecture of the Capricorn Orogen, Western Australia and associated metallogeny." Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 60, no. 6-7 (October 2013): 681–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08120099.2013.826735.
34
Grant, Elizabeth. "Conveying Sacred Knowledge through Contemporary Architectural Design: The Garma Cultural Knowledge Centre." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 1, no. 1 (June 26, 2016): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v1i1.216.
Анотація:
The Indigenous peoples of north east Arnhem Land in Australia (Yolngu) overlay their culture with the customs and social behaviour of other societies to achieve positive outcomes and autonomy. Passing down cultural knowledge is intrinsic to the cultural identity of Yolngu. The paper discusses the recently completed Garma Cultural Knowledge Centre and examines the cultural knowledge conveyed through the medium of contemporary architecture design. The paper finds that the Garma Cultural Knowledge Centre combined aspects of non-Aboriginal and Aboriginal cultures to form a coherent whole with multi-facetted meanings. © 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies, Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.Keywords: People and environments; cultural knowledge; architecture; indigenous architecture
35
Jasim, Hiba Arif, Anwar Subhi Ramadan, and Aseel Ibrahem Mahmood. "The formation of invisible architecture according to environmental tendencies techniques." Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences 14, no. 3 (April 13, 2022): 199–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v14i3.790.
Анотація:
Increasing awareness of the need to take care of the planet and reduce the negative effects of human impact on the environment at the level of all aspects of life, including architecture. The invisible architecture and in accordance with the environmental tendencies appeared as one of the contemporary trends to be that formation that achieves blend with the environmental surrounding and based on techniques that reduce its appearance in order to Emphasizing the importance of the external environment and trying to return to nature and increase green spaces in a manner that reduces pollution to a minimum so that this architecture is part of the site and not an added part to it, as well as its quest to increase operational efficiency and to reduce its negative impact on the environment in addition to improving the built environment that enhances health and well-being of the user. Many previous international studies highlighted various aspects of invisible architecture and the techniques and technologies for achieving them, noticing the limitation of Arabic and local studies that dealt with this topic. This research came to provide clear and comprehensive knowledge of the techniques of achieving invisible architecture in its environmental perspective with its multiple formations, which can be adopted effectively by The designer in general, and in a manner, that serves the reality of the Arab and local experience, in particular. And in line with the local natural and urban environment to keep pace with contemporary global trends.
36
Ye, Jundong. "Thinking on the Planning and Design of Environmental Landscape in Qiang Region." ITM Web of Conferences 25 (2019): 02008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20192502008.
Анотація:
Based on the analysis of the design of environmental landscape architecture in Qiangzhai Style, it is proposed that the design of landscape architecture should be based on computer-aided design technology. Landscape architecture design integrates many disciplines, and any good building usually includes two aspects of internal and external space design. The design idea is the premise of deciding whether the Qiang landscape architecture design can be done well or not. It needs more understanding of the Qiang architecture, culture and art to do the related design well. Cultural creativity is also an important part of the strategy of Rural Revitalization and the construction of characteristic villages in Qiang nationality areas.
37
Ghom, Pashmeena Vikramjit, and Abraham George. "Dynamics of Performing Aesthetics in Architecture: A Critical Study." VITRUVIO - International Journal of Architectural Technology and Sustainability 6, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 82–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2021.16424.
Анотація:
In architecture, Venustas (aesthetics) is always considered an important attribute along with Firmitas (firmness) and Utilitas (usefulness). Pursuing aesthetics/ beauty is one of the architect’s primary roles. However, it is critical to comprehend ‘What is aesthetics?’ and its implications for the built-unbuilt environment and human beings. In a world where everything is changing, are the definitions, concepts, and parameters of aesthetics consistent? Is it subject to change over time? If so, should architectural students and professionals be aware of it and trained in it? This study aims to critically assess and analyse the dynamic aspects of aesthetics from 3300 BCE to present and establish the ‘best fit’ definition of aesthetics in architecture. The methodology used for the study is a mixed-method approach, a comprehensive analysis of relevant literature to investigate the origin of aesthetics and aesthetics in philosophy, environmental psychology and architecture. The aspects, criteria and sub-criteria identified from the analysis. The consensus is taken from expert interviews and a questionnaire survey (n=72). Findings reveal that aesthetics in architecture is dynamic/ ever-changing. It has nine contributing aspects that make aesthetics a performing aesthetics that emphasises the enhanced worth and value for money invested. These nine aspects are spatial organisation, functional efficiency, social, psychological, environmental, maintenance, sustainability, technology, and economics.
38
Scott, B., P. G. Ranjtih, S. K. Choi, and Manoj Khandelwal. "Geological and geotechnical aspects of underground coal mining methods within Australia." Environmental Earth Sciences 60, no. 5 (August 5, 2009): 1007–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-009-0239-6.
39
Anghel, Anamaria Andreea, Irina Mohora, Alma-Dia Preda (Hapenciuc), Diana Giurea, and Flaviu Mihai Frigura-Iliasa. "ENVIRONMENTAL TENDENCIES IN MODULAR GREEN INSTALLATIONS." Journal of Green Building 14, no. 4 (September 2019): 195–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618.14.4.195.
Анотація:
There are two main approaches when discussing living green walls: an ecological one and an artistic one. Ecological thinking mainly considers environmental aspects, comfort enhancement and energy consumption and oversees human interaction and actual proximity to plants. In opposition, art or architecture installations that involve vegetation, lack technical and ecological aspects, aiming to raise awareness on environmental issues using human interaction either physically (direct) or emotionally (indirect). The present paper aims to analyze methods of combining the two directions, in a functional, ecological, yet aesthetically pleasing composition. In order to further develop previous experiences gathered by the team members, authors of this article, a green installation concept made out of interactive modular systems unites all the knowledge into a new, living, moving, dynamic, interactive structure whose inspiration is taken from nature while using biomimicry as main principle for its development. This new concept responds and is influenced by both external, natural stimuli and by the human factor. Multidisciplinarity is a key element in developing this project, involving architecture, art, interior and landscape design, botany, geometry, mechanical and electrical engineering, leading towards new research directions and innovative approaches in greenery—interior environment connections.
40
Chan, D. J., and D. L. Bradford. "A sexual health strategy for Australia — time for action." Sexual Health 1, no. 4 (2004): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh04008.
Анотація:
Australia still does not have a national sexual health strategy. Sexually transmissible infections such as chlamydia continue to plague the community, and the incidence of HIV is increasing. But a cohesive sexual health strategy cannot merely be disease-focussed, it must include the broader social and cultural aspects of sexual behaviour and sexuality. We propose a public health framework for the development of a national sexual health strategy that will bring Australia in line with the United Kingdom and New Zealand.
41
PFUELLER, SHARRON L. "Role of bioregionalism in Bookmark Biosphere Reserve, Australia." Environmental Conservation 35, no. 2 (June 2008): 173–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892908004839.
Анотація:
SUMMARYBioregionalism claims that interaction between the biophysical and human components of a region generates place-based environmental and social understanding and concern, which lead to locally shared power and responsibility in cooperative land management and governance. The Man and the Biosphere Programme's Seville Strategy calls for local community participation in a multi-stakeholder ecosystem-based approach to conservation, but it is unclear if tenets of bioregionalism play a role in its implementation. Bookmark Biosphere Reserve (BBR) in Australia has substantially succeeded in scientific research and monitoring, conservation, environmental education and sustainable land-use initiatives. Aspects of bioregionalism (for example recognition of the region's unique identity, local community sense of responsibility, integration of local knowledge, presence of motivated local leaders and cooperative community-based management through a network of groups) have contributed to success. Other crucial factors were funding, technical and scientific information and support from government agencies, leadership from members of state and federal government and from private philanthropic foundations, community capacity-building for sustainable land management and availability of volunteers from outside the region. Nevertheless, conflict arose in relation to governance, originating from the recognized difficulties of reconciling a diversity of allegiances, motivations, management styles and personalities, and resulted in division of BBR into two, one section being managed largely through the private sector and community volunteers, the other (renamed Riverland Biosphere Reserve) coordinated by a committee with more diverse affiliations. Bioregionalism can play a role in biosphere reserves but motivations and resources of external public and private organizations are also vital. Avoiding weaknesses of bioregional approaches requires greater attention to social aspects of environmental management. Governance structures and processes need to be inclusive, flexible and equitable in decision making and access to funds. They should support both agency and community-initiated activities and include conflict resolution mechanisms.
42
Winstanley, Margaret H., and Stephen D. Woodward. "Tobacco in Australia—An Overview." Journal of Drug Issues 22, no. 3 (July 1992): 733–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204269202200318.
Анотація:
Tobacco smoking is the largest preventable cause of death and disease in Australia, and the major cause of drug death. Under a third of adults smoke, male rates having declined significantly following the Second World War. The publication of international reports during the 1960s causally linking tobacco with death and disease stimulated action by Australian health professionals, although governments remained unresponsive. In the 1970s, advertising bans in the broadcast media were introduced, but quickly circumvented by the tobacco companies through sport sponsorships. However, the 1980s brought increased public awareness about health issues, and legislation concerning advertising restrictions and other aspects of tobacco control. Importantly, unequivocal evidence about the effects of passive smoking also become available in this decade, signalling a battle between public health interests and the tobacco industry, which the industry can now be said to have lost. Although consumption and disease rates are falling, priority areas for action still remain.
43
Battilani, P., A. Gualla, C. Dall'Asta, C. Pellacani, G. Galaverna, P. Giorni, A. Caglieri, et al. "Phomopsins: an overview of phytopathological and chemical aspects, toxicity, analysis and occurrence." World Mycotoxin Journal 4, no. 4 (January 1, 2011): 345–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/wmj2011.1302.
Анотація:
Phomopsis leptostromiformis, and its teleomorph Diaporthe toxica, is a lupin pathogen that causes stem blight in young lupins and, as a saprophyte, has been detected on dead lupine material. Under favourable conditions, the fungus produces phomopsins (PHOs), a family of macrocyclic hexapeptide mycotoxins capable of binding tubulin through the tripeptide side chain. The toxic effects appear largely confined to the liver. In particular, the ingestion of PHO contaminated lupin stubble has been linked to lupinosis, a debilitating disease of sheep (the most sensitive animal) characterised by disorientation, blindness, lethargy, and eventually death. The chemical structures of PHO A, B and D have been identified. Analytical methods to determine PHOs are mainly enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays or chromatographic separations, in combination with ultraviolet and mass spectrometric detection. The data about the PHOs occurrence are limited to Australia, restricted to lupin seed. Only one survey has been carried out on lupin seeds and flours from the Swiss market. Not many strategies have been developed to limit lupin seed contamination. Efforts devoted to control lupinosis in Australia focused on the development of cultivars resistant to Phomopsis infection. There are few examples in literature of decontamination or detoxification of PHOs; moreover, they have been shown to be resistant to extensive processing, including cooking. Australia and New Zealand are the only countries that included PHOs in their mycotoxin regulations, with a limit of 5 µg/kg in lupin seeds and derived products. Phomopsins are poorly studied mycotoxins and risk assessment on PHOs has not been done at the European level. The collection of all available scientific data was requested by EFSA in a specific project and partners involved considered it of general interest preparing this review to highlight the limited available information, which indicate that the assessment of potential risk related to PHOs is currently not feasible.
44
Buława, Piotr, Bartłomiej Buława, and Maciej Borsa. "Environmental Personhood as a Landscape Planning Tool." Journal for European Environmental & Planning Law 19, no. 3 (August 26, 2022): 161–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18760104-19030003.
Анотація:
Abstract In the face of increasing human impact on the environment, it is necessary to look for new tools for sustainable landscape planning. One of them may be the institution of environmental personhood. The conducted studies based on an analysis of legal texts show that environmental personhood has evolved into a more complex institution. Increasing emphasis is placed on the intangible, cultural, and even spiritual aspects of granting legal personality to natural objects. The first implementations of environmental personhood in Ecuador, Bolivia, Australia, and India did not concern landscape, but the other cases in Colombia, New Zealand, and Canada did and have features typical of a landscape planning tool.
45
Rifai, Husen, Firman Zulpikar, Muhammad Safaat, Jeverson Renyaan, Laode Alifatri, and Asep Rasyidin. "Responses of Seagrass Amphibolis antarctica Roots to Nutrient Additions Along a Salinity Gradient in Shark Bay, Western Australia." Omni-Akuatika 17, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.oa.2021.17.2.913.
Анотація:
Seagrass meadows in oligotrophic environments are particularly susceptible to nutrient enrichment, yet morphological and architectural seagrass root responses in these ecosystems are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the response of Amphibolis antarctica, one of dominant seagrass species in Shark Bay, roots to nutrient additions along a salinity gradient in the oligotrophic ecosystem of Shark Bay, Western Australia. A fully factorial nutrient additional experiment with four treatments (Control, N, P and N+P) was conducted at each of five sites along a salinity gradient (between ~38ppt in site 1 and ~50ppt in site 5) in Shark Bay across a three-year period (2012-2015). In the laboratory, the roots morphology and architecture A. antarctica were investigated using a software (WinRhizo). Then, a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to investigate if there was a significant change in the morphology and architecture of the roots after the nutrient inputs and along five sites with salinity gradient. There was no significant impact of nutrient addition on the root’s morphology and architecture of A. antarctica species. However, the effect of site factor with salinity gradient was significant to all morphological aspects (total root length, root surface area and root diameter) of A. antarctica roots. These findings highlight the more ecological function of A. antarctica roots being in anchoring of the plant into the seafloor rather than to absorb nutrient from the sediment.Keywords: Nutrient addition, Oligotrophic habitats, Amphibolis antarctica, Shark Bay
46
Handoko, Jarwa Prasetya Sih. "Ecological Architecture Concept in Campus Building in Indonesia." MATEC Web of Conferences 280 (2019): 04004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201928004004.
Анотація:
Sustainability is the development concept that meets condition of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own requirements on social, environmental and economical aspect. Ecological architecture is the concept of sustainable development emphasizes on environmental aspect that emphasize harmony between the built environment and the natural conditions in the surrounding areas such as waste and recycling, energy efficiency, water resource, building design, carbon emission, and aims to eliminate negative environmental impact while continuing to be completely sustainable. The university campus is one of the buildings used by the public. In keeping with his character university campus used by many people that require large energy consumption. So that was included in the building that need to be controlled levels of energy consumption. The campus building should consider harmony with the natural conditions around the building. Therefore, it is necessary to have a study that evaluates the application of ecological architecture concept in university campus in Indonesia. This study is a comparative study conducted descriptive methods related to the characteristics of the application of the ecological architecture concept in the design of university campus in Indonesia. This study takes a case study three university campuses in Indonesia which is included in the green campus in Indonesia. With this paper is expected to provide a general description of the application of the ecological architecture concept in the university campus design in Indonesia. The conclusion from this study that the university campus in Indonesia have applied the concept of ecological architecture in several aspects. There are some similarities and differences in the application of some aspects. Recommendations from this study is that a university campus building design should be able to optimize the application of the concept of ecological architecture on all aspects of the design.
47
Ramirez, Mariano. "Sustainability in the education of industrial designers: the case for Australia." International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 7, no. 2 (April 1, 2006): 189–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14676370610655959.
Анотація:
PurposeThe paper intends to determine the extent to which environmental sustainability issues are integrated in the curricula of industrial design programs in Australian universities.Design/methodology/approachIndustrial design lecturers and program heads were invited to participate in a web‐based survey on their university's industrial design curricula. Online university handbooks were also examined to determine which courses cover sustainability aspects. Survey results were then tabulated and analysed using descriptive statistics.FindingsThe study shows that, while there is a concern that sustainable development issues are important and relevant to design courses, the permeation of environmental sensitivity through most industrial design curricula, and indeed among design academics, is only starting to gain ground. Comparative examination of the curricular structures in Australian universities offering degree programs in industrial and product design revealed that, on average, 12 out of every 100 credit points earned have sustainability content.Practical implicationsThe paper informs industrial design academics that much more work has to be done in order to educate the next generation of designers about their responsibilities to the planet and its people. It tells them where we currently are and the gaps that we have to bridge in order to achieve environmental sustainability.Originality/valueThe paper is original in the field of Australian industrial design education, and builds on work in other disciplines about incorporating sustainability aspects in tertiary education.
48
Alfred, Alfred. "ENVIRONMENTAL ADAPTATION: THE ARCHITECTURE OF RUMAH KAPITAN AND MUSI RIVERSIDE." International Journal on Livable Space 2, no. 1 (February 25, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/livas.v2i1.1725.
Анотація:
<p>Palembang’s Chinese community began inhabiting Kampung Kapitan 7 Ulu following the issuance of a mandate by Sultan Abdurrahman, granting the Chinese the privilege to inhabit the dry lands by the Musi River. Following the migration to the dry lands, the Chinese community implemented different forms of adaptation to the natural and socio-cultural environment to survive on the Musi Riverside, including in the form of residential architectures. This research is a case study, aiming to explore, examine and discuss the process of environmental adaptation and the different aspects that affect the residential architectures on the Musi Riverside. Analysis is done on the architecture of Rumah Kapitan, studying from the morphological and typological point of view, consisting of its positioning and orientation against the Musi River, spatial order, architectural form, and tectonics system, all of which are the manifestation of adaptation to the natural and socio-cultural environment of the Musi Riverside.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>adaptation; Musi riverside environment; Rumah Kapitan.</p>
49
Wojtkun, Grzegorz. "ORIGINALITY VERSUS PLAGIARISM AND SIMILARITY IN ARCHITECTURE: COPYRIGHT ASPECTS OF ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN." Space&FORM 2022, no. 52 (December 11, 2022): 117–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21005/pif.2022.52.b-06.
Анотація:
Intellectual property protection via copyright in architecture has been a matter of much controversy. This stemmed from the complex nature of the architectural creative process and its often long duration. Here, there were accusations of the means and scope of copyright protection of architectural designs being insufficiently precise, especially with respect to the inalienability of the author–work link and the lack of economic balance between the designer and the client. The subject of the unintentional infringement on another’s intellectual property in architecture in the context of plagiarism itself.
50
Elegant, Victoria. "Medicines development in the Asia Pacific region." Journal of Medicines Development Sciences 3, no. 1 (November 21, 2018): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18063/jmds.v2i1.142.
Анотація:
The Asia Pacific region is an extremely diverse region, characterized by heterogeneity from a number of aspects, including culture, religion, economics, landscapes, and languages. This also applies to the standard of medical care and the regulatory requirements for approval of drugs in the region. Developed economies such as Japan and Australia have requirements which are not dissimilar to those of the EU and USA, but still have their own unique requirements. The developing economies all have their own requirements. In the ASEAN region there is harmonization of the dossier format, but each country still has local requirements. The region has seen significant growth in clinical trial activity, both to satisfy local registration and safety requirements and to help accelerate global trial patient recruitment. There is a clear need for training in all aspects of medical, regulatory, clinical and safety aspects of medicines development, which is being addressed through several organizations and at different locations in the region.