Дисертації з теми "Aquaculture industries"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-34 дисертацій для дослідження на тему "Aquaculture industries".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте дисертації для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
Muhoozi, Levi Ivor. "Exploitation and management of the artisanal fisheries in the Ugandan waters of Lake Victoria." Thesis, University of Hull, 2002. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:3549.
Повний текст джерелаMalleret-King, Delphine. "A food security approach to marine protected area impacts on surrounding fishing communities : the case of Kisite Marine National Park in Kenya." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2000. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2923/.
Повний текст джерелаVaterlaus-Staby, Claire F. "An Analysis of the Potential Environmental Remediation and Economic Benefits Anaerobic Digesters Offer to the Dairy and Swine Industries: A Comparison of China and the U.S." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:24078369.
Повний текст джерелаHagström, Madicken. "The industries’ effect on the indigenous people in Chile : A discourse analysis of the Corporate Social Responsibility policies in the aquaculture and forestry sectors in Chile." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-353439.
Повний текст джерелаDjama, Theodore. "Interactions between the artisanal and the industrial fisheries of Cameroon." Thesis, Bangor University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332405.
Повний текст джерелаDu, Plessis Jan-Paul. "The Purification Works." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/63619.
Повний текст джерелаMini Dissertation MArch(Prof)--University of Pretoria, 2018.
Architecture
MArch(Prof)
Unrestricted
Sadek, Shérif S. "Mise au point de techniques de production de la crevette d'eau douce (macrobachium rosenbergii de Man) en monoculture et polyculture en Égypte : avec approche des critères économiques." Toulouse, INPT, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPT004A.
Повний текст джерелаde, Souza Queiroz Luciana. "Industrial shrimp aquaculture and mangrove ecosystems: A multidimensional analysis of a socio‐environmental conflict in Brazil." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/286034.
Повний текст джерелаIn the past 40 years, industrial shrimp aquaculture developed with economic incentives from governments, public and private agencies and International Financial Institutions (IFIs) - including the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the food industry. The target was achieving economic growth based on exports of large volumes of food, reducing the pressure on marine wildlife populations and thereby alleviating the poverty in developing countries. Extensive political and economic aid along with legislative permissiveness has promoted this economic activity which, growning exponentially in a short period of time. This fast growth of industrial shrimp farming has generated increasing criticism due to its consequences, which include the conversion and expropriation of wetlands such as mangroves, causing a decreasing flow of ecosystem services available for society in general and local communities in particular. The aquaculture industry has converted a high percentage of coastal areas of developing tropical countries into properties for shrimp farming for export. This situation has resulted in numerous conflicts around the world, where local people have chosen to challenge the processes of accumulation by dispossession and have organized to resist, leading to environmental struggles which have been increasingly supported by organizations and movements demanding environmental justice. During the last few decades, a particular example of this conflict has developed in coastal area of Brazil, where a large percentage of mangroves areas have been deforested for the development of shrimp aquaculture. This thesis aims to clarify and analyze the environmental degradation and socio-environmental conflict caused by industrial shrimp farming in Brazil from the perspective of political ecology, seeking to link different levels of analysis - local, national and global - in several key dimensions to achieve a political and environmental, a social and an economic understanding. The political and environmental dimension illustrates the history of privatization of coastal ecosystems by industrial shrimp aquaculture with a diagnosis of the social and environmental impacts on the Jaguaribe river basin (Ceará, Brazil), and its close relationship with the political and economic context of national shrimp industry development. The social dimension is analyzed making and approach to the community perception of the fishermen, employing a combination of social methodologies (participant observation, free listings, focus groups, surveys, monitoring, etc.) which have shown that, beyond the physical link, there is a symbolic relationship between the services provided by mangroves and the welfare of fishing communities. This factor is not considered by decision makers at various levels. Finally, the economic dimension, studied via a monitoring of two fishing communities (Cumbe and Curral Velho in Ceará, Brazil), shows the collective economic viability and the traditional principles of solidarity that the artisanal fisheries are based on. It also demonstrates their incompatibility with shrimp aquaculture dedicated to the accumulation of assets and income. This multidimensional analysis concludes that the impact of the development of shrimp aquaculture in Brazil, has a profound transformation of natural resources causing degradation of ecosystems, threatening food security and sovereignty and causing the impoverishment of traditional communities. This combination of effects caused a serious socio-environmental conflict, repeated in the tropics of the developing countries of Asia, Latin America and Africa. The investigative tools developed in this study can be easily extrapolated to other systems such as aiding in the understanding and solving of other environmental conflicts, providing multidimensional information to the decision-making processes to achieve a sustainable and integrated management of coastal areas.
Jaouen, Pascal. "Etude des techniques de separation par membrane dans le domaine des peches et des cultures marines : recuperation de proteines solubles de poisson par ultrafiltration, concentration de microalgues marines par microfiltration tangentielle." Nantes, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NANT2003.
Повний текст джерелаLaranjeira, Roberto Ribeiro. "Controlo remoto e autónomo de um sistema de aquacultura." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/15598.
Повний текст джерелаEsta dissertação apresenta um sistema de aquacultura que possibilita a sua monitorização e o seu controlo autónomo. O sistema é capaz de ler grandezas como nível, pH, luminosidade, pressão e temperatura, e, posteriormente, ativar ou desativar os atuadores, como as eletroválvulas e as bombas peristálticas, até que se encontrem os valores pretendidos. O GSM é uma parte relevante do sistema desenvolvido, que permite uma interação à distância com o sistema, utilizando um telemóvel. Em qualquer momento, o utilizador pode pedir informações ao sistema, através de uma solicitação efetuada por mensagem de texto. As informações requeridas podem ser relativas ao estado dos atuadores e aos valores que os sensores apresentam. O utilizador pode, ainda, modificar o estado de um atuador, através de mensagem de texto enviada para o sistema. A resposta ao utilizador é uma mensagem com a verificação do que foi pedido. O sistema permite também ser configurado através de mensagem de texto, definindo os limites de cada parâmetro. Tem, ainda, a capacidade de enviar alertas, via mensagem de texto, quando algum valor estiver fora do pretendido. Apresenta uma aplicação em Visual Basic, que permite interagir com o sistema, controlar os limites e os atuadores, visualizar os alertas emitidos e registá-los em base de dados, para guardar o historial e compreender o comportamento através de gráficos.
This dissertation presents a system that enables its aquaculture monitoring and autonomous control. The system is capable of acquire readings such as pH, light, pressure, and temperature, and then of enabling or disabling the actuators, solenoid valve and peristaltic pump, until they meet the desired values. The GSM is an important part of the developed system, which also allows for remote interaction with the system using a mobile phone. The user can request information from the system, any time, through a request made by text message. The information required to the system can be related to the state of the actuators and the sensors values. The user can also modify the state of an actuator, by sending a text message to the system. The answer to the user is a message with the verification values of the request. The system also allows it to be configured via text message, defining the limits of each parameter. It also has the ability to send an alert via text message when any value is outside the established limits. The system presents a Visual Basic application enabling users to interact with the system, to control limits and actuators, to view alerts, to register in the database to keep a record log and to visualize the behavior through graphs.
Martins, Marta Cecília Carvalho. "Bioremediation of phosphates in seawater: approach for recirculating marine aquaculture effluents." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/16067.
Повний текст джерелаMarine Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) produce great volume of wastewater, which may be reutilized/recirculated or reutilized after undergoing different treatment/remediation methods, or partly discharged into neighbour water-bodies (DWW). Phosphates, in particular, are usually accumulated at high concentrations in DWW, both because its monitoring is not compulsory for fish production since it is not a limiting parameter, and also because there is no specific treatment so far developed to remove them, especially in what concerns saltwater effluents. As such, this work addresses two main scientific questions. One of them regards the understanding of the actual (bio)remediation methods applied to effluents produced in marine RAS, by identifying their advantages, drawbacks and gaps concerning their exploitation in saltwater effluents. The second one is the development of a new, innovative and efficient method for the treatment of saltwater effluents that potentially fulfil the gaps identified in the conventional treatments. Thereby, the aims of this thesis are: (i) to revise the conventional treatments targeting major contaminants in marine RAS effluents, with a particular focus on the bioremediation approaches already conducted for phosphates; (ii) to characterize and evaluate the potential of oyster-shell waste collected in Ria de Aveiro as a bioremediation agent of phosphates spiked into artificial saltwater, over different influencing factors (e.g., oyster-shell pre-treatment through calcination, particle size, adsorbent concentration). Despite the use of oyster-shells for phosphorous (P) removal has already been applied in freshwater, its biosorptive potential for P in saltwater was never evaluated, as far as I am aware. The results herein generated showed that NOS is mainly composed by carbonates, which are almost completely converted into lime (CaO) after calcination (COS). Such pre-treatment allowed obtaining a more reactive material for P removal, since higher removal percentages and adsorption capacity was observed for COS. Smaller particle size fractions for both NOS and COS samples also increased P removal. Kinetic models showed that NOS adsorption followed, simultaneously, Elovich and Intraparticle Difusion kinetic models, suggesting that P removal is both a diffusional and chemically rate-controlled process. The percentage of P removal by COS was not controlled by Intraparticle Diffusion and the Elovich model was the kinetic model that best fitted phosphate removal. This work demonstrated that waste oyster-shells, either NOS or COS, could be used as an effective biosorbent for P removal from seawater. Thereby, this biomaterial can sustain a cost-effective and eco-friendly bioremediation strategy with potential application in marine RAS.
As atividades realizadas em Aquacultura Marinha de Recirculação (RAS) levam à constante produção de efluentes, sendo a maior parte reutilizados/recirculados ou reciclados depois de submetidos a diferentes métodos de tratamento/remediação, ou parcialmente lançadas em corpos de água vizinhos (DWW). Os fosfatos, em particular, são normalmente acumulados em altas concentrações em DWW, tanto porque a sua monitorização não é obrigatória para a produção de peixe, uma vez que não é um parâmetro limitante, e também porque não há nenhum tratamento específico até agora desenvolvido para removê-los, em especial no que diz respeito a efluentes de água salgada. Como tal, este trabalho aborda duas questões científicas principais. Uma delas diz respeito à compreensão dos métodos de (bio)remediação aplicados aos efluentes produzidos em RAS marinhos, identificando as suas vantagens, desvantagens e lacunas relativas à sua exploração nos efluentes de água salgada. A segunda é o desenvolvimento de um método novo, inovador e eficiente para o tratamento de efluentes de água salgada que potencialmente preenchem as lacunas identificadas nos tratamentos convencionais. Desse modo, os objetivos desta tese são: (i) rever os tratamentos convencionais aplicados para os principais contaminantes nos efluentes RAS marinhos, com especial incidência sobre as abordagens de biorremediação já realizados para fosfatos; (ii) caracterizar e avaliar o potencial de resíduos de concha de ostra colhidos na Ria de Aveiro como um agente de biorremediação de fosfatos em água salgada artificial, mediante diferentes fatores (e.g., prétratamento das conchas de ostra por calcinação, tamanho de partícula, concentração de adsorvente). Apesar das conchas de ostras já terem sido testadas na remoção de fósforo (P) em água doce, o seu potencial de biosorção de P em água salgada, tanto quanto eu estou ciente, ainda não foi avaliado. Os resultados demonstraram que as conchas naturais (NOS) são compostas principalmente por carbonatos, sendo estes praticamente convertidos em cal (CaO) após calcinação. Tal pré-tratamento permitiu a obtenção de um material mais reativo (COS) para a remoção de P, uma vez que se observou maiores percentagens de remoção e capacidade de adsorção. Frações de menor tamanho, tanto para NOS e COS, aumentaram a remoção de P. Os modelos cinéticos mostraram que NOS ajusta-se, simultaneamente, aos modelos de Elovich e de Difusão Intrapartícula, o que sugere que a remoção de P é um processo controlado tanto quimicamente como pela taxa de difusão. A percentagem de remoção de P em COS não é controlada por difusão e o modelo Elovich foi o que melhor se ajustou para a remoção de fosfato. Este trabalho demonstrou que os resíduos de conchas de ostra, quer NOS ou COS, podem ser usados como biosorventes na remoção de fosfato em água salgada. Desse modo, este biomaterial pode sustentar uma estratégia de biorremediação económica e amiga do ambiente, com potencial para aplicação em RAS de água salgada.
Rosa, Marguerita Evangelho da. "Production and purification of IgY antibodies with antimicrobial properties." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/22545.
Повний текст джерелаA Aquacultura tem recebido especial destaque nos últimos anos como alternativa às atividades de pesca tradicional, atualmente restritas pelos limites legais de captura. Neste sentido, têm-se desenvolvido novas técnicas de modo a aumentar o lucro e o rendimento das atividades associadas à aquacultura. No entanto, a sobre-exploração de espécies, poluição, surgimento de doenças e o aumento de microorganismos resistentes a antibióticos, surgem como consequências deste desenvolvimento. Vibrio anguillarum é uma bactéria Gram-negativa que causa infeções em peixes de sistemas de aquacultura e que origina perdas económicas significativas. Estas infeções são normalmente tratadas com recurso a agentes antimicrobianos, tais como antibióticos. No entanto, a prevalência de bactérias resistentes a estes compostos destaca a necessidade crucial de desenvolvimento de estratégias terapêuticas alternativas. O uso de anticorpos, nomeadamente a imunoglobulina Y (IgY) produzidas em aves poedeiras e purificado a partir de gemas de ovos é uma abordagem promissora para o controlo de infeções por V. anguillarum na aquacultura. O atual trabalho centrou-se no desenvolvimento de anticorpos IgY específicos contra os determinantes de virulência associados a V. anguillarum como uma estratégia antimicrobiana capaz de melhorar a produtividade dos sistemas de aquacultura. Neste são apresentados resultados da produção, purificação e caracterização de anticorpos IgY de galinha e codorniz contra antigénios (extratos celulares, frações da membrana externa e péptidos do canal TolC) de V. anguillarum. Aves hiperimunes foram produzidas com sucesso para cada antigénio e foram purificadas as respetivas frações específicas de IgY (> 95% de pureza). Por fim, estudou-se o potencial antimicrobiano dos anticorpos anti-extrato celular de V. anguillarum por ensaios de crescimento bacteriano que revelaram um efeito bacteriostático promissor com 50% de inibição. Em suma, e face aos resultados obtidos, os anticorpos podem ser usados como agentes antimicrobianos alternativos para combater e prevenir infeções por V. anguillarum em sistemas de aquacultura.
Aquaculture has received remarkable attention in recent years as an alternative to traditional fishing activities, currently restricted by fishing quotas. New techniques have therefore been developed to increase production and profit of aquaculture activities. However, over-exploitation, pollution, appearance of infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance, have emerged as concerning consequences of such development. Vibrio anguillarum is a Gram-negative bacterium causing fish infections in aquaculture systems and leading to significant economic losses. These infections are usually treated with antibiotics; however, the prevalence of bacteria resistant to such drugs urges the development of alternative therapeutic strategies. The use of antibodies, namely avian Immunoglobulin Y (IgY) purified from bird egg yolks, is a promising approach for the control of V. anguillarum infections in aquaculture. The current work focused on the development of specific IgY antibodies against virulence determinants associated to V. anguillarum, envisaging an antimicrobial strategy capable of improving the productivity of aquaculture systems. In this work, the production, purification and characterization of chicken and quail IgY antibodies against V. anguillarum antigens are presented. Whole-cell extracts, outer-membrane fractions and outer-membrane TolC channel peptides were used as antigens in independent protocols to elicit target-specific V. anguillarum antibodies. Hyperimmune birds were successfully generated for each antigen and respective target-specific IgY fractions were purified (>95% purity) from selected bird eggs for downstream studies. Finally, the antimicrobial potential of anti-whole-cell V. anguillarum antibodies was studied by bacterial growth assays, revealing a promising bacteriostatic effect, with 50% of bacterial growth inhibition. In summary, and according to the results obtained, such antibodies can be used as alternative antimicrobial agents to prevent and combat infections by V. anguillarum in aquaculture systems.
Harder, Alexandra. "Aquaponics Everywhere? An Exploration of a Growing Industry's Revolutionary Potential." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/970.
Повний текст джерелаLapere, Philippe. "A techno-economic feasibility study into aquaponics in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5400.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study is to investigate the techno-economic feasibility of operating an aquaponics farm in South Africa. Aquaculture is the fastest-growing type of food production in the world, yet South Africa is lagging behind international efforts to boost the industry. An independent academic feasibility study on small scale aquaponics farms in South Africa has not been performed before, causing current and prospective farmers to be uncertain about the prospects of the venture. The study is approached by investigating the aquaculture and aquaponics industry and gathering the relevant information. By investigating other models used to represent aquaculture or aquaponics systems, the required information is gathered in order to build a unique model for the purpose of determining the feasibility of the case study farms. The model is modified to represent each of the case study farms. The results show that the majority of the farms are not economically viable. A sensitivity analysis provides some insight on how varying certain parameters can affect the performance of the systems. Using the information gathered in the case studies and research, a near-ideal system is specified in order to establish whether this improved system can be viable whilst taking into account the constraints placed upon aquaponics ventures in South Africa. The study suggests some recommendations for current and prospective farmers that might improve their chances of succeeding with an aquaponics venture. The study finds that currently aquaponics in South Africa is hindered by a number of constraints that result in it being a high-risk venture with meagre returns on investment. However, the study shows that if an aquaponics system were designed, built and managed correctly, it could theoretically be an economically viable venture. The investigation has, in a logical method, provided insight into the viability of operating an aquaponics farm in South Africa.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie is om die lewensvatbaarheid van akwaponika in Suid-Afrika te ondersoek. Akwakultuur is die tipe voedselproduksie wat die vinnigste groei in die wêreld, maar Suid-Afrika hou nie tred met die internasionale poging om akwakultuur te ontwikkel nie. „n Onafhanklike lewensvatbaarheid studie oor kleinskaal akwaponika plase in Suid-Afrika is nog nooit onderneem nie. Dit veroorsaak dat huidige en voornemende akwaponika boere onseker is oor die uitkomste van hulle ondernemings. Die studie is benader deur die akwaponika en akwakultuur bedrywe te ondersoek, en die relevante inligting te versamel. Deur ander modelle wat gebruik word om akwakultuur en akwaponika sisteme te verteenwoordig te ondersoek, is die nodige inligting versamel om „n unieke model te bou wat gebruik word om die lewensvatbaarheid van die gevallestudies te bepaal. Die model is aangepas om elkeen van die gevallestudies te verteenwoordig. Die resultate wys dat die meerderheid van die gevallestudie plase nie ekonomies lewensvatbaar is nie. „n Sensitiwiteitsanaliese gee insig oor hoe spesifieke parameters die prestasie van die sisteme affekteer. Deur die inligting wat versamel is tydens die gevallestudies en navorsing te gebruik, kan „n sisteem gespesifiseer word om te bevestig of hierdie verbeterde sisteem lewensvatbaar kan wees terwyl dit die beperkings waaronder akwaponika sisteme in Suid Afrika geplaas word in ag neem. Die studie verskaf „n paar aanbevelings vir huidige en voornemende boere. Hierdie aanbevelings kan die kanse van sukses van die ondernemings verbeter. Die studie het gevind dat akwaponika in Suid-Afrika deur „n aantal beperkings benadeel word, wat lei tot „n situasie waar dit „n hoë-risiko onderneming is, met lae opbrengste op die belegging. Maar, die studie wys ook dat as „n sisteem korrek ontwerp, bou en bestuur word, dit teoreties „n ekonomies lewensvatbare onderneming kan wees. Die studie het op „n logiese wyse insig gegee oor die haalbaarheid van akwaponika in Suid-Afrika.
Duarte, Liliana da Costa. "Assessment of potentially toxic elements in macroalgae grown in an integrated multi trophic aquaculture system." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/22219.
Повний текст джерелаO consumo de macroalgas pelos seres humanos tem vindo a aumentar nos últimos anos, o que está relacionado, para além do valor nutricional que lhes é reconhecido, com os seus compostos biofuncionais benéficos para a saúde. Assim, há a necessidade de aumentar sua produção de forma sustentável, onde os sistemas de Aquacultura Multitrópica Integrado (IMTA) surgem como uma alternativa promissora à aquacultura convencional, envolvendo mais de um nível trófico. No âmbito do controlo de qualidade deste novo tipo de alimento, surge um desafio: as macroalgas são organismos que tendem a bioacumular elementos potencialmente tóxicos (PTEs). O objetivo deste estudo foi monitorar a concentração de Cd, Pb, Hg e Al na macroalga Ulva rigida cultivada na empresa ALGAplus num sistema IMTA implementado pela empresa na Ria de Aveiro e inferir de um possível impacto dos factores de produção na concentração destes elementos nas algas. Avaliaram-ase três diferentes situações que poderiam influenciar a acumulação de PTEs nas algas: densidade de cultivo, taxa de renovação da água e época do ano (sazonalidade). Foi ainda feita uma comparação entre espécies cultivadas na empresa e pertencentes a outras classes: Fucus vesiculosus e Gracilaria sp. O teor de Cd, Pb e Al na biomassa de macroalgas foi determinado por atomização com plasma associada a deteção com espectroscopia de massa (ICP-MS), após digestão com ácido e microondas. O teor de Hg foi determinado por absorção atómica após combustão da amostra em atmosfera de oxigénio. As concentrações de Pb, Cd, Hg e Al para a Ulva rigida foram 0.3-3.1, <0.05, 0.01-0.03, e 121-3178 μg/g (peso seco – DW), respetivamente. A variabilidade sazonal não foi significativa (ρ > 0.05), e as condições de cultivo apenas influenciaram estatisticamente o teor de Pb (ρ < 0.05). Todos os valores obtidos para os PTEs quantificados estão abaixo do valor limite indicado na legislação que regula a qualidade das algas para consumo humano, o que evidencia que neste sistema IMTA não ocorrem problemas de contaminação com PTEs.
Macroalgae consumption by humans has been increasing in the last years, which is related with their biofunctional compounds with health benefits. Therefore, there is the need to increase their production in a sustainable way where Integrated Multi Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) emerges as a promising alternative to conventional aquaculture that involves more than one trophic level. Quality assurance of this new aliment is crucial and that is why this study is so important: macroalgae are known to be high bioaccumulators of potentially toxic elements. The objective of this study is to monitor the concentration of Cd, Al, Pb, and Hg in Ulva rigida during the year, assessing possible correlations with the cultive conditions and seasonality. There were evaluated three situations that could influence PTEs accumulation in macroalgae: cultivation density, water renewal rate and season. A comparison was made with other species also cultivated in the company and belonging to other classes: Fucus vesiculosus and Gracilaria sp. Cd, Hg, Pb and Al content in macroalgal biomass was determined through plasma atomization and mass spectrometry detection (ICP-MS), after acid and microwave digestion. Hg content was determined through atomic absortion after oxygen-rich combustion of the sample. Concentrations of Pb, Cd, Hg e Al in Ulva rigida ranged as it follows: 0.3-3.1, <0.05, 0.01-0.03, e 121-3178 μg/g dry weight (DW), respectively. Seasonal variability was not significant (p >0.05), and cultivation conditions were significant only for Pb (p< 0.05). All values obtained are below the limit of legislation which proves that in the IMTA system there are no relevant problems related with potential toxic elements accumulation in macroalgae
-, Tarunamulia Biological Earth & Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science UNSW. "Application of fuzzy logic, GIS and remote sensing to the assessment of environmental factors for extensive brackishwater aquaculture in Indonesia." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41444.
Повний текст джерелаGracey, Erik. "MFA of omega-3 fatty acids EPA & DHA from a Norwegian resource perspective : Implications for future growth in fisheries and aquaculture toward 2050." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for energi- og prosessteknikk, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-27240.
Повний текст джерелаBartholomew, Holly Packard. "In planta studies of the corn pathogen Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii and applications of a corn-based industrial byproduct." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99356.
Повний текст джерелаDoctor of Philosophy
Corn is a top agricultural commodity in the United States, as a food for human consumption, a primary nutrient source used in animal feed, and a substrate consumed during biofuel production. These various corn-based industries are impacted by bacteria in multiple ways; in some cases, bacteria may cause disease that reduces crop yield, but other bacteria serve beneficial roles that enhance health. This dissertation research describes studies about the bacterium that causes Stewart's wilt disease in corn, Panteoa stewartii subsp. stewartii. In an initial experiment, the genes that P. stewartii expresses at the highest levels when it grows inside the corn plant were identified. These genes were deduced to be important for the ability of the bacterium to live successfully in this environment. This work was followed up with a more specific approach that examined the role of certain genes that were predicted to be master regulators of the expression of other genes in the ability of the P. stewartii to colonize the plant and/or cause disease. By identifying key bacterial genes, disease intervention strategies to combat Stewart's wilt and other similar bacterial plant pathogen diseases might become possible. Protecting corn yields is important for ethanol production. The final study of this dissertation examined the ability of bacteria to grow on a byproduct of ethanol production called syrup. The goal was to then use the biomass of these beneficial microbes as a food source for animals being produced in aquaculture facilities. Among the species tested, the highest growth rate and yield was from Bacillus subtilis, a safe-to-eat bacterium that has known beneficial health properties when consumed by fish. Overall, the research studies that were completed for this dissertation have the potential to improve agricultural practices by decreasing corn disease leading to increased corn yield and developing new downstream corn-based animal feed products.
Steer, Lorn Adam. "Site selection for the Small-Scale Aquaculture Farming Systems in the Western Cape : a GIS application." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1653.
Повний текст джерелаLe, Bail Joël. "Contribution à l'étude des pêches en Amérique latine." Nantes, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NANT3007.
Повний текст джерелаFor some years now latin american maritime production has witnessed a strong increase; this occurence is quite marginal in an international context indicating a decline in catches. If Peru has broken new ground in this field, since the nineteen seventies and nineteen eigthies, most coastal states have discovered the interest of the halieutics sector. Maritime surroundings are becoming spheres of production. In spite of disparities, the strategies for the appreciation of marine biological resources share a few common characteristics : production is related mainly to industrial fishing and speculative fishing intented for international markets and the local middle-classes. Stimulous was given to this boom by exogenous factors but is has seldom been followed by genuine development and, too often, the traditional seaboard populations are not partners to the modernization programmes for fishing. All the same, this pattern shows it has its limits; the overpopulation of certain stocks, the degradation of the environment, the effort to organize the companies of independent-fishermen and the new strategies of international bodies, should in the end show a better management of resources
Roe, Brett, and b. roe@cqu edu au. "Ecologically Engineered Primary Production in Central Queensland, Australia - Integrated Fish and Crayfish Culture, Constructed Wetlands, Floral Hydroponics, and Industrial Wastewater." Central Queensland University. Sciences, 2005. http://library-resources.cqu.edu.au./thesis/adt-QCQU/public/adt-QCQU20080717.092551.
Повний текст джерелаBazán, Durand Daniel Antonio, and Bustamante Juan Diego Ochoa. "Factores que influyeron en las exportaciones peruanas de piensos acuícolas con destino a Ecuador en el marco de la CAN durante los años 2010 al 2019." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653369.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this research work is to determine and analyze the factors that influenced Peruvian exports of animal feed from the aquaculture industry to Ecuador within the framework of the CAN between the years 2010 to 2019. To establish this, the selection of three variables to study has been determined in order to try to answer whether the rules of origin, the creation of trade and sanitary and phytosanitary measures, all linked to the relationship between Peru and the Andean Community in trade terms, highlighting the tariff preferences of the chosen product to Ecuador and the certifications obtained, have stimulated greater trade between the two countries in the periods considered above. In the same way, the evaluation of organizations involved that affect the level and development of Peruvian exports to Ecuador has also been specified. For the present investigation, the information collected was obtained from different sources such as SUNAT, SIICEX and Trademap, which made it possible to access the tariff heading's export statistics showing, in the same way, the companies that compose them with their respective records. Added to that, through different interviews with the main actors involved, it was possible to obtain more information, knowledge and appreciation in relation to the factors proposed in this research. By virtue of it, all the collected data will be analyzed under the SPSS Statistics v. 25 and Atlas.ti 8 Software.
Tesis
Snuffer, Moira Calligan. "A Study of the Watershed Management in the Headwaters of the Hocking River: Environmental Communication in the City." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1597266102553851.
Повний текст джерелаHuang, Chung-Wei, and 黃重維. "An AHP Study on the Feasibility of the Aquaculture Industries Investment in ASEAN." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7mm5tu.
Повний текст джерелаOu, Mei-ju, and 歐梅如. "A Study on Diversification Strategy of Traditional Industries-A Case of Aquaculture Fishery Industry." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/h6994u.
Повний текст джерела國立中山大學
兩岸高階主管經營管理碩士在職專班
104
Traditional industries face the option of transformation in the progress of development due to factors such as advances of technology, changes of marketing environment, and evolution of growth objects. When developed to a certain scale, some companies would try to diversify its business in order to to maintain their profits or create a competitive edge at a steady pace. The concept of diversification is fundamentally based on a strategy to reduce business risks, and then seek opportunities to generate new profit sources. Companies can take full advantages of their existing resources and core techniques to lower the entry barriers to a new industry and therefore create new profit sources. This study aims at investigating strategies as to how the ornamental fish industry may create new values by method of diversification utilizing its core techniques, existing resources, and product innovation. With the aid of reference literatures and in-depth interviews with an indicative company, J Trading Co., Ltd, this study offers seven feasible diversification business models suitable for the ornamental fish industry. In this regard, the associated conclusions and recommendations are also provided herein accordingly.
Chen, Tsung-Ching, and 陳聰卿. "A Study on Industrial Transformation of Aquaculture ----A Case of Yan-Pu Aquaculture Production Zone." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06661369917878324807.
Повний текст джерела國立屏東科技大學
農企業管理系
94
The Purpose of the local industrial development lies in making the industry stronger in the area with weak economy, stabilizing and adjusting the local industry, promoting the value of traditional agricultural products. By means of research and development, we create a new type of industry, offer new chances, and above all, help the local industry activate again. In this research, Yan-Pu Aquaculture Production Zone is suggested to be local foundation of industry, taking into consideration their restriction of the water reserved area. The best development advantage consist of the pollution-free, organic farm production of development, high-quality source of water, offering spiritual peace and good health condition that moderns pursue. This research the Yan-Pu Aquaculture Production Zone as the object with, is conducted by means of questionnaire surrey. There are 169 valid questionnaires, as the foundation of research and analysis. The study shows that 66.3% would continue the industry, 18.3% would change to recreation industry, 5.3% to traditional industry, and 10.1% still under consideration. According to the analysis, we can see culturist have high expectations of such an industry. Most of them agree that continuing the industry enables the villages to have a brand-new scene.
Chiang, Chun-Yuan, and 姜淳元. "Farmers’ Preferences on Contract Farming in Tilapia and Milkfish Aquacultural Industries." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6wh39a.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣大學
農業經濟學研究所
106
Aquaculture industry grows rapidly in the recent decades, and becomes very important due to the depletion of nature fishery resources. Large scale and vertical integration is needed for the industry to make the supply chain of aquaculture products to produce in a more efficient way. Contract farming is one of the common way to enhance the proceed of vertical integration, which has been applied in several agricultural industries such as rice, broiler, dairy and so on. Aquaculture industry contributed about 25% of total fishery quantity produced and 40% of total fishery value in Taiwan, showing its crucial role in Taiwans fishery sector. However, the industry is still at developing stage and lack of vertical integration will hinder the speed of development. This study aims to find out the reasons why contracting is rare in Taiwan’s aquaculture industry, and analyze preferences on contract farming among the fish farmers. Tilapia and Milkfish farmers are chosen for their significant in Taiwan’s aquaculture. To analyze the preferences, a discrete choice model was imployed in this study. Our findings suggest that fish farmers have significant preferences on formal contract, trustable partners, and high cash deposits. Due to the difficulty of monitoring, it is hard to guarantee the quality and quantity of fish products, which in turns hinder the willingness of buyers to sign contracts. More over, trust between firms and farmers cannot be easily built up under such situation, as fish farmers often worry about the reliability of the contract.
CHANG, YAO-HSUAN, and 張燿軒. "An Empirical Study of Aquaculture Feeds Industry’s Competitive Advantage – Diamond Model Perspective." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/zcrjvw.
Повний текст джерела長榮大學
高階管理碩士在職專班
101
This project aims to explore the key features of operating a successful aquaculture enterprise. Two testing models were evaluated to contribute the conclusion. First group of participants are the representatives from several aquaculture leading companies. The in-depth interview was applied to these representatives, which generated the key factors influence the aquaculture business. Secondly, this research assessed the feature impacts and conducted the priority with AHP method on professional staffs. Refer to literature review, in-depth interview and AHP, three suggestions for operating a successful aquaculture enterprise has been concluded. (1) An effective marketing strategy could rise competitive ability (2) To enhance product’s quality and to compress rearing period could boost the profits (3)To integrate the relevant fishing market could stimulate a continuously business. Keywords: analysis hierarchy process (AHP), aquaculture feeds industry, key success factor, diamond model
CHIOU, YING-CHI, and 邱盈綺. "Globalization and Local Industrial Innovation: A Socio-Economic Study of Southern Taiwan’s Aquaculture." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76504754714947964120.
Повний текст джерела國立臺北大學
社會學系
95
Taiwan’s aquaculture enjoyed a rapid expansion in the 1970s by exporting to Japan, and then suffers a severe decline since 1990s as Taiwan’s primary industry loses comparative advantage to Chinese and Southeast Asian competitors in global market. In response to the decline of aquaculture since the 1990s many fish-farmers become part-timers and seek other sources of income. Some seek to maintain income by expanding production scale. And still others upgrade their business by switching to fish species of higher value, or/and by developing the lucrative technology of fish-hatching. The latter trend tends to be carried out by young fish-farmers with higher level of education. To illustrate the restructuring of Taiwan’s aquaculture outlined above, this study also investigates how grouper-farmers in three prefectures in southern Taiwan develop a division of labor and production network along the stages of fish-hatching and fish-raising, and shows that the mode of aquaculture production varies with natural, social and historical conditions of each locale.
Hu, Hsin-Yun, and 胡芯昀. "Study of the Dioxin-like Compounds for Sediments from Aquaculture Pond around the Petroleum Industrial Park." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37274736514399723823.
Повний текст джерела國立屏東科技大學
環境工程與科學系所
103
This study investigate the Dioxin-like compounds concentration and toxic contributions in fish farm's sediments nearby the Petroleum Industrial Park within two season, and used Fugacity Model simulate environment distribution in two season of Dioxin-like compounds were compared with measured values. In this study, the classified region codes is according to the sampling locations within a radius of the Petroleum Industrial Park from 0~10km,11~20km and 20km outside respectively, and classified to near zone,far zone and remote districts. From the results show that wet season and dry season sediments ΣPCDD / Fs concentration ranges are 30.70 ~ 988.25 pg / g (dw)、24.68 ~ 182.03 pg / g (dw) respectively. After TEF conversion, wet season and dry season sediments ΣPCDD / Fs toxicity equivalency quantity (TEQ) ranges are 0.13~1.62 pgWHO-TEQ/g (d.w.)、0.361~3.560 pgWHO-TEQ/g (d.w.) respectively. Wet season and dry season sediments ΣPCBs concentration ranges are 10.47~184.86 pg / g (d.w.)、10.45~89.49 pg / g (d.w.) respectively. After TEF conversion, wet season and dry season sediments ΣPCBs TEQ ranges are 0.010~0.108 pgWHO-TEQ/g (d.w.)、0.03~0.18 pgWHO-TEQ/g (d.w.) respectively. The concentrations of PCDD/Fs、PCBs measured in various regions of the wet season, it were greater than the measured concentration of each region of the dry season. PCDDs change with the seasons (wet season to the dry season) to reduce the toxicity contribution, PCDFs change with the seasons (wet season to the dry season) to increase the toxicity contribution.Select the appropriate Fugacity Model simulation parameters to calculate PCDD / Fs concentrations, displays the calculated range of analog values approaches the value of PCDD / Fs actual measurement in wet and dry season sediments.
Magina, Tânia Cristina Resende. "Produção de microalgas e de compostos antimicrobianos em biorreatores industriais." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/25365.
Повний текст джерелаNatural, healthy and safe products have been a growing trend among consumers, forcing the need for new research to find new products with functional ingredients, avoiding this way of using antibiotics. These include microalgae, which have gained in recent years, importance for their valuable compounds that have been applied to various sectors such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, biofuels and food and feed. The optimization of industrial production processes is fundamental for the evolution of this sector. The present work allowed the evaluation of the growth performance of Nannochloropsis sp. and Skeletonema costatum under natural environmental conditions. Starting from Petri dishes, the scale-up was performed up to the 15000 L tubular photobioreactors of Necton, S.A., in semi-continuous. There were higher yields (areal and volumetric) in Nannochloropsis sp.. Biomass from the above-mentioned microalgae and others, such as Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Porphyridium cruentum, Isochrysis galbana and Tetraselmis chuii, produce bioactive compounds with therapeutic properties (anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, among others). In this study, the antibacterial activity of the microalgae was investigated using four organic extracts (ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol and hexane). Its inhibitory effect was tested by the well diffusion method for pathogens causing economic losses in aquaculture (Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio anguillarum and Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida). That said, P. damselae subsp. piscicida proved to be the most sensitive bacteria to the extracts tested. The ethyl acetate and acetone extracts of S. costatum were distinguished by their inhibitory power. In turn, purification of the ethyl acetate extract originated seven fractions, where two (80% ethyl acetate in hexane and ethyl acetate) distinguished themselves because of their antibacterial effect. The fucoxanthin was detected by high-performance liquid chromatography, as the most relevant bioactive compound.
Mestrado em Microbiologia
Lin, Tai-Wai, and 林台尉. "Strategies on the overcoming of the main problems of Taiwan aquaculture industry and suggestions for the industry's further development." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20932747906817114593.
Повний текст джерела國立屏東科技大學
水產養殖系
94
The aquaculture developing policy of Taiwan was mainly focused on how to promote this industry’s annual production rather than how to keep these industries grow in an orderly, sustained way before serious problems happened. Those problems that happened were land shrinkage, market channel was monopolized, aquaculture environment turned worse therefore caused disease and product hygienic problems, production cost raised up and lower the competitive power, etc. In recent years, more problems were happened, such as the increasing competition from imported aquaculture products owing to Taiwan entered into the WTO organization as well as the smuggled aquaculture products from Mainland China. Facing the above problems, the Government started a series of programs in an attempt to save those problems, since those programs are policy-oriented and lack of feasibility evaluations, so the results are not good as their anticipation. This study will evaluate and then discuss the effect of the Government policies for saving the above said problems, then give suggestions to the policy makers. The methods used to evaluate the feasibility of the Government aquaculture policy in this study, first is to collect the content and actual results of the policy and its related programs of Taiwan, also to collect the same kind of informations of other countries. Besides, did literature review of the published papers from academic studies and informations released by the members of aquaculture industries both from Taiwan and other countries. The most important information came from the questionnaires and interviews from the members of aquaculture industries of Taiwan. (Including farm owners and businessman, scholars, researchers, and officers). Then, give a comprehensive review for all the above informations. Finally, give a comprehensive survey for all the above information. Finally, give comments, conclusions and suggestions for Taiwan aquaculture policies based on the above review results, this is for the reference of the policy makers and members of the aquaculture industries as well.
Büchner, Ingmar Christoff. "Latent potential : a post-industrial artefact : re[ge]nerating resources from a depleted quarry : architecture as interface of exchange between people and resources." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/32801.
Повний текст джерелаDissertation MArch(Prof)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
Architecture
MArch(Prof)
Unrestricted
Madureira, Leandro Filipe Feiteira. "Use of agro-industrial by-products for Pavlova spp. culture and heterotrophic growth of Nannochloropsis spp. as relevant production strategies for oleaginous microalgae." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/64714.
Повний текст джерелаThe polyunsaturated essential fatty acids are divided into two relevant groups in human nutrition, omega-6 (n-6 PUFAs) and omega-3 (n-3 PUFAs) and carry on several important roles in the human body. However, several factors resulted in a consumption of n-6 PUFAs approximately 20 times greater than the consumption of n-3 PUFAs, showing a lack of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the dietary requirements. Both come from marine fish, such as salmon and mackerel, or from fish oils. As result of the increasing demand for food associated with a growing global population, these sources are not sufficient to answer the requirements for EPA and DHA, so it became necessary to explore alternative sources such as microalgae. The marine microalgae of the genera Nannochloropsis and Pavlova are important producers of EPA and DHA, since both exhibited the highest content of these n-3 PUFAS per dry weight biomass. Despite Nannochloropsis and Pavlova being currently used on the global food and feed market, the large-scale production of microalgae is not a widespread practice yet. The efficient use and wide implementation at an industrial scale requires improvements to reduce production costs. The main challenges to overcome are related with high nutrient supply and low production efficiency of biomass and high value-added metabolites. The potential of use agro-industrial by products and heterotrophic conditions as production strategies to reduce production costs and enhance microalgal biomass productivity of marine microalgae was evaluated with the following strains: Nannochloropsis gaditana, Nannochloropsis oceanica, Pavlova lutheri, Pavlova pinguis and Pavlova gyrans. The heterotrophic growth was evaluated with N. gaditana and N. oceanica. It was determined that both Nannochloropsis strains are not able to grow in heterotrophic conditions. P. pinguis and P. gyrans achieved similar or significant cell growth and lipid content in the medium composed of organic fertilizer than in synthetic control medium (f/2 medium). Cell growth and lipid content in the non-sterilized organic fertilizer medium were also found to be comparable to those in sterilized organic fertilizer media. P. gyrans cultured in organic fertilizer media suffered an interesting cell morphology variation, resulting in small, more elongated and motile cells. The use of synthetic aquaculture effluents as a culture medium to P. pinguis and P. gyrans cultivation, promoted an opposite trend, as lower cell growth was determined for both of these strains, suggesting the inhibitory impact of high nitrate concentrations (16 to 20 mM). The lipid content was unaltered. Overall, our results demonstrate that the replacement of synthetic culture medium by agroindustrial by-products is a viable approach to reduce production costs of Pavlova strains at industrial scale, while also contributing to a more sustainable economy and to produce organic microalgal biomass.
Os ácidos gordos polinsaturados estão divididos em dois grupos relevantes em termos nutricionais, omega-6 (n-6) e omega-3 (n-3), e desempenham variadas funções importantes no organismo humano. Contudo, diferentes fatores levaram a um consumo de ácidos gordos polinsaturados n-6 aproximadamente 20 vezes superior ao consumo de ácidos gordos polinsaturados n-3, ressaltando-se o baixo consumo de ácido eicosapentaenóico (EPA) e ácido docosahexaenóico (DHA), que advém de peixes de água salgada, como salmão e cavala, ou de óleos de peixe. Como resultado da crescente demanda por alimentos, associada a uma crescente população mundial, estas fontes de ácidos gordos não são suficientes para atender aos requisitos nutricionais de EPA e DHA. Tornou-se por isso necessário explorar fontes alternativas, como as microalgas. As microalgas marinhas dos géneros Nannochloropsis e Pavlova são importantes produtores de EPA e DHA, exibindo um elevado conteúdo de ácidos gordos n-3 por biomassa de peso seco. Apesar das espécies Nannochloropsis e Pavlova serem atualmente comercializadas a nível global, a produção em larga escala de microalgas ainda não é uma prática generalizada. Uma ampla implementação à escala industrial requer melhorias de forma a reduzir os custos de produção. Para atingir este objetivo, abordagens como (1) aumento da produtividade da biomassa por meio de culturas em condições de heterotrofia ou (2) substituição do meio de cultura sintético por subprodutos agroindustriais, podem ser implementadas. O potencial destas duas estratégias de produção foi avaliado com recurso às seguintes espécies de microalgas marinhas: Nannochloropsis gaditana, Nannochloropsis oceanica, Pavlova lutheri, Pavlova pinguis e Pavlova gyrans. Avaliou-se o crescimento heterotrófico das espécies N. gaditana e N. oceanica, e foi possível determinar que ambas as espécies não apresentam crescimento nestas condições. As microalgas P. pinguis e P. gyrans cultivadas em fertilizante orgânico obtiveram crescimentos celulares e teor lipídico semelhantes ou significativamente superiores às respetivas culturas controlo (meio de cultura f/2). Verificou-se também que o crescimento celular e o teor lipídico em meio de fertilizante orgânico não estéril são estatisticamente comparáveis aos obtidos com recurso a fertilizante orgânico previamente esterilizado. P. gyrans produzidas com fertilizante orgânico exibiram variação da morfologia das células, resultando em células mais pequenas, alongadas e com motilidade. A utilização de efluentes sintéticos de aquacultura como meios de cultura das espécies P. pinguis e P. gyrans promoveram um crescimento significativamente inferior ao obtido pelas respetivas culturas controlo (medi de cultura f/2), sugerindo um efeito inibitório de elevadas concentrações de nitrato (16 a 20 mM). O conteúdo lipídico manteve-se inalterado. De um modo geral, os resultados obtidos revelaram que a substituição de meios de cultura sintéticos por subprodutos agroindustriais é uma abordagem viável para reduzir os custos de produção de espécies de Pavlova à escala industrial, contribuindo simultaneamente para uma economia mais sustentável e obtenção de biomassa de microalgas certificada como orgânica.
Este trabalho foi realizado no âmbito do projeto ALGAVALOR - Microalgas: produção integrada e Valorização da biomassa e das suas diversas aplicações (POCI-01-0247-FEDER-035234), cofinanciado pelo Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER), Portugal 2020, através do Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (COMPETE2020), do Programa Operacional Regional do Norte (Norte 2020), do Programa Operacional da Região Centro (Centro 2020), do Programa Operacional Regional de Lisboa (Lisboa 2020), do Programa Operacional Regional do Alentejo (Alentejo 2020) e do Programa Operacional do Algarve (CRESC ALGARVE 2020)