Дисертації з теми "Approche par fibres intégrées"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-19 дисертацій для дослідження на тему "Approche par fibres intégrées".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте дисертації для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
Vassalié, Anthony. "Description et modélisation de l’endommagement d’un composite à matrice céramique sous sollicitations thermomécaniques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0259.
Повний текст джерелаCeramic matrix composites (CMCs) are materials of interest in the field of aeronautic because of their exceptional mechanical properties at elevated temperatures, making them promising candidates to replace metal alloys in high-temperature components of aircraft engines. Nevertheless, these materials also exhibit a complex behavior, especially because they are multi-scale, architectured and heterogeneous. In this context, this work tends to improve the understanding of the mechanical behavior under tension of CMCs composed of fibers and matrix made of silicon carbide, with a Melt Infiltration process (named SiC/SiC MI). To better understand the effects of microscopic phases on the macroscopic behavior until the final failure of the material, two distinct but complementary axis are explored : the mechanical characterizing of the damage of these CMCs and their modelling with a finite element method. Firstly, multi-instrumented tensile tests are carried out (acoustic emissions, digital image correlation, microscope, etc.), to obtain a better description of the phenomenon at micro-scale and their effects on upper scales. Post-mortem characterization are also performed in order to quantify the properties of the microscopic phases, which are of great interest to develop the numerical model. Thus, a damage scenario until the final failure is proposed for SiC/SiC MI materials. In a second part, a genuine finite element model approach, with embedded fiber, is proposed to simulate the mechanical behavior of these materials. Based on experimental observations, mechanisms of interest at micro-scale are selected and implemented in the model directly at upper scales. The developed approach demonstrates the ability to capture both the main damage phenomenon at micro-scale and the meso-scale behavior of CMCs, in good agreement with experimental results, offering a valuable tool for understanding and predicting their mechanical behavior until the final failure, and paving the way for further developments
Haramburu, Eric. "Approche intégrée du dimensionnement mécanique de structures en composite injecté avec fibres courtes : une interface entre injection et calcul de structure." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30048.
Повний текст джерелаEsmaeillou, Bardia. "Approche cinétique du comportement en fatigue du Polyamide 66 renforcé par 30% de fibres de verre." Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00603374.
Повний текст джерелаNlandu, Hervé Mayamba. "Extraction et prétraitement de fibres naturelles de lin par une approche enzymatique combinée au CO2 supercritique." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/35283.
Повний текст джерелаThe main goal of this research was to set up an environmentally friendly process for the pretreatment of natural flax fibres in view to produce lignocellulosic nanofibers and modify their surface for their use as compatible fillers in polymer composites. To achieve this main objective, lignocellulosic nanosized flax fibres were prepared using an environmentally friendly process based on a combination of supercritical carbon dioxide pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis conditions. Supercritical CO2 pretreatment aimed to overcome the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass and to provide access to hydrolytic enzymes. It was shown that the supercritical CO2 pretreatment of raw flax fibers helped to deconstruct biomass, avoiding its fractionation and increased access to hydrolytic enzymes such as cellulase, xylanase, pectinase and viscozyme leading to extraction of lignocellulosic fibres having nanometric dimensions. These extracted lignocellulosic nanofibres as well as the solid residues of the hydrolysis are hydrophilic in nature because of the attraction / interaction between the hydroxyl groups of the fibrous components and water molecules. The hydrophilic nature of these lignocellulosic nanofibers often results in poor compatibility with hydrophobic polymeric matrices. Surface modification is therefore necessary to make them more hydrophobic and compatible with the hydrophobic matrices. Laccase mediated grafting of natural phenolic compounds, i.e. guaiacol and syringaldehyde, onto lignocellulosic fiber was achieved, thus making lignocellulosic nanofibers and hydrolysis solids residues more hydrophobic and compatible with hydrophobic matrices. No significant changes in the chemical composition of flax fibres were observed after pretreatment. This was confirmedby FTIR analysis, which also demonstrated laccase-induced grafting of guaiacol and syringaldehyde onto lignocellulosic nanofibers and solid residues hydrolysis surfaces. Moreover, X-ray diffraction revealed that crystallinity increased for supercritical CO2 pretreated fibres as well asenzymatically produced lignocellulosic nanofibers. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the physical damages in the form of holes, cracks and erosions onto the surface of supercritical CO2 pretreated flax fibres, while transmission electron microscopy evidencedthe production of filament-shaped nanosized fibrils with a diameter of 5-10 nm and several micrometers length. Finally, bio-grafted fibers showed better thermal stability and hydrophobicity if compared to untreated raw analogues.
LE, PEN ERIC. "Approche micromecanique du comportement en fatigue d'un materiau composite a matrice aluminium renforce par fibres d'alumine." Paris, ENSAM, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ENAM0019.
Повний текст джерелаThuault, Anthony. "Approche multi-échelle de la structure et du comportement mécanique d'une fibre de lin." Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN2055.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD thesis deals with the understanding of the flax fibres structure at different scales and the studying of its mechanical behaviour. Indeed, in the context of sustainable development, using plant resources covers several fields of industrial applications including structural eco-composites. At first, seven varieties of flax fibres were compared in terms of morphology (diameter), biochemical composition and mechanical properties. Then, the structural study of the flax fibre dealt with the cell wall layers (number, thickness) and the microfibrils orientation in these layers. The analysis of the stress-strain curves obtained by uniaxial tensile test was used to estimate the elastic, viscoelastic and "plastic" contributions to the global behaviour of the fibre. The orthotropy of its mechanical behaviour has been demonstrated by nanoindentation testing. Finally, these data were used to identify the principal parameters that define the mechanical behaviour of the flax fibre. Thus, simulations of the mechanical behaviour of the fibre have been initiated to propose a phenomenological description
Pariot, Christine. "Implication des ions inorganiques dans la différenciation des fibres chez le lin : approche par microscopie ionique analytique." Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUES021.
Повний текст джерелаBayard, Olivier. "Approche multi-échelles du comportement mécanique des bétons à ultra hautes performances renforcés par des fibres courtes." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DENS0002.
Повний текст джерелаBayard, Olivier. "Approche multi-échelles du comportement mécanique des bétons à ultra hautes performances renforcés par des fibres courtes /." Cachan : Laboratoire de mécanique et technologie, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb391665287.
Повний текст джерелаDjemiel, Christophe. "Étude de la diversité du domaine Bacteria et du règne Fungi au cours du rouissage du lin sur champ par une approche de metabarcoding." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10208.
Повний текст джерелаFlax (Linum ustitatissimum L.) dew-retting is a short-term, semi-controlled natural process during which plant cell walls are partially degraded by microorganisms to facilitate fiber extraction for various industrial applications. Under- and over-retting are associated with ‘bad fiber quality’ and it is therefore essential to master this process. The microbiology of dew-retting is poorly characterized mainly because it is currently based on the utilization of cultured approaches and phenotypic identification.The implementation of a metabarcoding approach during three independant flax dew-retting campaigns allowed us to characterize, for the first time, the bacterial and fungal community dynamics at this ecosystem level. The taxonomic assignment of OTUs (Operational Taxonomic Units) led to the identification of new taxa not previously associated with dew-retting in particular a high presence of Bacteroidetes phylum. Multivariate analysis and correlation tests identified a number of factors affecting this process. We have demonstrated : (I) that swathe turning has a significant effect on the microbial structures, (ii) the existence of a "terroir" effect and the fact that bacterial communities are affected by precipitation and (iii) the existence of a year effect and the fact that fungal communities are affected by temperature. Bacterial CAZyme (Carbohydrate-Active-Enzymes) predictions, allowed us to identify different families involved in plant cell wall degradation thereby providing a basis for future studies using a metatranscriptomic approach
Salamone, Salvatore. "Propriétés physiques des empilements de fibres macroscopiques : une approche expérimentale, théorique et numérique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAE007/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this work is to understand how intrinsic shape of individual fibers controls the collective behavior of fiber stacks, in particular the mechanical (elasticity) and electrical properties. We consider long fibers, aligned towards one preferential direction with a significant disorder shape. Our study is experimental and numerical. We propose a two dimensions self consistent mean field model which describes the collective elasticity from the individual properties of fibers : the disorder distribution and the bending modulus. We obtain an equation of state which describes with a good agreement the stacks elasticity, without any fit parameters, however up to a multiplicative constant. We obtain similar results between experimental and numerical studies
Ruel, Jérôme. "Inhibition tonique de l'activité des fibres du nerf auditif par la dopamine : approche pharmacologique de la première synapse auditive et sa modulation par les efférences latérales." Montpellier 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON1T026.
Повний текст джерелаClaude, Olivier. "Identification de marqueurs membranaires spécifiques de cellules progénitrices cardiaques PW1+ par une approche multiomique." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS116.
Повний текст джерелаIschemic heart diseases are the major cause of heart faillure, one of the most concerning disease in the world. The scarring process following myocardial infarction has been shown to be driven by cardiac progenitors celles (CPC), and PW1+ CPCs were shown to mediate and participate to this process. To target PW1+ cells, we are limited to a PW1nLacZ reporter mice model. We aim to find a membrane bound protein associated with PW1 presence to help to target specifically those cells. Using a prediction software suite, we predicted a specific membranome for PW1+ CPCs from RNA-Seq datas. We performed a mass spectrometry analysis to determine an observed membranome, and the combination of both approaches allowed us to find candidates to test. We then confirmed the expression of the candidates, and one showed strong sensibility and sensibility to describe PW1+ cells. The inhibition of this target by pharmacological drug in vitro and in vivo showed a significant decrease of fibrosis in a myocardial infarction murine model together with a significant increase of survival after treatment
Guenet, Thomas. "Un modèle numérique pour structures en béton fibré à ultra-hautes performances : prise en compte de l'orientation des fibres par une approche d'endommagement micromécanique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29177/29177.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThe behavior of ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) strongly depends on fibers’ orientations relatively to the direction of stresses. Fibers’ orientations are mostly due to concrete casting of the structure and therefore the ductility of a structure is highly dependent of those orientations. In this MSc thesis, a numerical model is developed to capture the effect of fiber orientation considering the fiber pull-out mechanism. A micromechanical damage model based on linear elastic fracture mechanics to model crack propagation, energy dissipation and thus structure’s ductility. This approach also corrects spurious mesh sensitivity and captures size effect. In this work, UHPFRC are made of short steel fibers with fiber content inferior to 3%. The compressive strength of UHPFRC is so important that the material is assumed to be purely linear elastic in compression. The model is implemented in Code_Aster software for calibration, validation and application on tensile tests and four-point bending tests : the developed model can reproduce these experimental results.
Tableau d'honneur de la FÉSP
Djemiel, Christophe. "Étude de la diversité du domaine Bacteria et du règne Fungi au cours du rouissage du lin sur champ par une approche de metabarcoding." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10208.
Повний текст джерелаFlax (Linum ustitatissimum L.) dew-retting is a short-term, semi-controlled natural process during which plant cell walls are partially degraded by microorganisms to facilitate fiber extraction for various industrial applications. Under- and over-retting are associated with ‘bad fiber quality’ and it is therefore essential to master this process. The microbiology of dew-retting is poorly characterized mainly because it is currently based on the utilization of cultured approaches and phenotypic identification.The implementation of a metabarcoding approach during three independant flax dew-retting campaigns allowed us to characterize, for the first time, the bacterial and fungal community dynamics at this ecosystem level. The taxonomic assignment of OTUs (Operational Taxonomic Units) led to the identification of new taxa not previously associated with dew-retting in particular a high presence of Bacteroidetes phylum. Multivariate analysis and correlation tests identified a number of factors affecting this process. We have demonstrated : (I) that swathe turning has a significant effect on the microbial structures, (ii) the existence of a "terroir" effect and the fact that bacterial communities are affected by precipitation and (iii) the existence of a year effect and the fact that fungal communities are affected by temperature. Bacterial CAZyme (Carbohydrate-Active-Enzymes) predictions, allowed us to identify different families involved in plant cell wall degradation thereby providing a basis for future studies using a metatranscriptomic approach
Tressou, Benjamin. "Contribution à l'homogénéisation des milieux viscoélastiques et introduction du couplage avec la température par extensions d'une approche incrémentale directe." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ESMA0004/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis study is devoted to the micromechanical modeling of viscoelastic composites using an incremental approach (IA) due to Lahellec and Suquet (2007). ln addition to be based on a rigorous thermodynamic framework, the IA allows solving the heterogeneous viscoelastic problem in the real time domain (i.e. without the Laplace transform). The first aim is to extend the IA application range in terms of local linear viscoelastic laws and microstructures. The second one is to attempt to introduce the coupling effects between the viscoelasticity and the temperature within the IA framework. First, the IA is coded in Python• and the program validated for simple viscoelastic laws, and for microstructures and loading paths already studied in Lahellec and Suquet (2007). The second part focuses on a theoretical generalization of the IA for many internal variables which are not necessarily deviatoric and for anisotropie phases. The resulting estlmates are progressively validated by confrontation to reference so lutions (full -field simulations) and especially the IA ability to deal with matrices described by generalized Maxwell laws (without and with volumetric anelastic strains). This part ends with a demonstration of the possible association of the IA with three linear homogenization schemes (Mori-Tanaka, Lielen's interpolation, scheme of Malekmohammadi et al. (2014)) in order to deal with various morphologies (fiber or part icle reinforced composites, wood strand-based composites). The last part focuses on the coupling between the viscoelasticity and the temperature within the IA framework. The initial and time discretized versions of the strongly coupled local problem are formulated. Then, increasing coupling levels are envisioned for a progressive approach of the solving procedure. The thermoelastic coupling, alone, is first studied (effect of the thermies on mechanics, without solving the heat equation). The resulting estimates for a periodic microstructure with elastic, thermoelastic then thermoviscoelastic fibers, in a thermoviscoelastic matrix are successfully compared to reference solutions. At last, the heat equation is simultaneously solved by taklng into account the viscoelastic dissipation within the matrix as a source term, in addition to the thermoelastic coupling term. The evolutions of the global temperature and response reveal relevant tendencies
Joumaa, Vénus. "Une approche de la plasticité du muscle strié squelettique par l'étude de l'adaptation de ses fibres à l'augmentation de la demande fonctionnelle et à l'absence de desmine." Compiègne, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004COMP1547.
Повний текст джерелаLn this study, our aim was to characterise the plasticity of the single muscle fibre. Adaptation aspects concern contractile and passive properties at both mechanical and biochemicallevels. Contractile properties and new fibre formation were studied after a model increasing functional demand. This model and another one concerning the lack of a protein, desmin, were used to study passive properties. Resuits demonstrated a transformation of contractile properties into slower ones: decrease of tension and Vmax and increase of the expression of MHC IIA and lIX of fast fibres and appearance of a population of slow fibres. No modifications of passive properties were found. We have also demonstrated, by proving satellite cell activation, fibre number increase and MHCdev expression, the formation of new fibres which mechanical and biochemical characteristics evolved into those observed in slow fibres
Bai, Renzi. "Modélisation de la mise en forme des renforts fibreux : Nouvelle Approche de coque spécifique et étude expérimentale." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI108.
Повний текст джерелаThe deformation of textile composite reinforcements is strongly conditioned by their fibrous composition. Classic plate and shell theories are based on kinematic assumptions that are not verified for textile reinforcements. Experiments show that the slippage between fiber (layer) in the thickness makes the specificity of fibrous materials. The RTM process (one of the forming process) is widely used to obtain composite parts with complex geometry is with great importance. In order to optimize the manufacturing of product, numerical models are necessary. Therefore, a 3D shell approach specific to fiber reinforcements is proposed which is based on two specificities: the quasi-inextensibility of the fibers and the possible sliding between the fibers. This approach is developed in the frame of continuum-based shell, the new assumption who based on the conservation of the thickness is applied to the kinematic equation. The theory of virtual power reflects the specific deformation of the fibrous reinforcements. It considers the tensile and bending stiffness of the fibers and the in-plan shear stiffness. The friction between fibers is taken into account in a simple way in connection with bending. The present approach is based on the real physics of the deformation of textile reinforcements. It simulates the 3D deformations of textile reinforcements and provides displacements and deformations for all the points along the thickness of the fabric and simulates the correct rotations of the material director. Finally, experiments and simulations performed on multilayer reinforcements are presented in this work, and a new method of experimentation is proposed
Chebbi, Houssem. "Méthode des coordonnées curvilignes pour la modélisation électromagnétique des matériaux complexes : application au contrôle non destructif par courants de Foucault des matériaux composites The fast computation of eddy current distribution and probe response in homogenized composite material based on semi-analytical approach Investigation of layer interface model of multi-layer structure using semi-analytical and FEM analysis for eddy current pulsed thermography." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPAST004.
Повний текст джерелаThis doctoral thesis work, carried out within the Laboratory of Simulation and Modeling for Electromagnetics (LSME) of CEA List, is part of the “NDTonAir” European project funded under the action “H2020-MSCA-ITN -2016- GRANT 722134”. The main goal of the project is the development of a fast and accurate simulation tool for the non-destructive eddy current testing of homogenized composite materials. As an application case, we are particularly interested in the orientation of the fibers on the one hand, and on the other hand, in defects as delamination which are manifested by a local geometrical deformation of the interfaces. The semi-analytical methods existing in the literature, based on Green's Dyad formalism, have been limited so far to multilayered and planar structures. To introduce local variations in geometry at the interfaces, we propose an innovative approach based on a change of coordinates adapted to the profile of the local perturbation. We propose a powerful numerical model based on the covariant formalism of Maxwell's equations. This unifying formalism takes in the anisotropy of specimen and the local deformations of the interfaces. The curvilinear coordinate method is usually used to solve diffraction problems on rough interfaces in the high frequency domain (diffraction on gratings). This thesis work is inspired by Fourier Modal Methods and proposes new tools which have been adapted to the field of eddy currents. The extension of the curvilinear coordinate method to the field of eddy currents non-destructive testing technique of composites constitutes the innovation of this work. Two numerical models have been developed to calculate the interaction of the field emitted by an eddy current probe with a multilayered composite material. The numerical model developed for the evaluation of planar composite exploits the particular structures of sparse matrices to reduce the computation time without limiting the number of modes used for the modal expansion of the field. In the case of the curvilinear profiles of the interfaces, the model makes it possible to treat parallel interfaces and some particular cases of non-parallel profiles. The general case of non-identical profiles presents some limitations which require the development of complementary numerical tools. Finally, several testing configurations were considered and the numerical results produced by the models were compared to finite element simulated data. Some experiments were carried out in foreign partner laboratories to increase our experience on experimental validation