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1
Thompson, Celia, Janne Morton, and Neomy Storch. "Becoming an applied linguist." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 39, no. 2 (December 31, 2016): 139–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.39.2.03tho.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The need to establish an authorial identity in academic discourse has been considered to be critical for all doctoral students by academic writing teachers and researchers for some time. For students for whom English is an additional language (EAL) in particular, the challenges are not only how to communicate this identity effectively in English, but also how to develop from a writer who simply ventriloquizes the voices of scholarly others to an author who writes with authority and discipline-specific rhetorical knowledge. In the current project, we explored how three EAL students constructed authorial voices through the use of personal and impersonal forms of self-representation and evaluative stance in the Introduction sections of their written PhD Confirmation Reports. Our findings indicate that students combined a complex range of linguistic and rhetorical resources, such as integral and non-integral attribution of sources and attitudinal markers of stance, in their quest to project credible authorial identities as Applied Linguists. We also discovered the effect of these resources on readers to be cumulative. We recommend further research, including interviews with students, supervisors and examiners from across the disciplines, to explore and extend the scope of the present study.
2
Clyne, Michael. "The applied linguist in Australia." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 9, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.9.1.01cly.
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Kramsch, Claire. "The applied linguist and the foreign language teacher." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 18, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.18.1.01kra.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Applied linguists invent their domain of inquiry as much as they investigate it and so do language teachers. Several factors make true intellectual dialogue between them difficult. The paper reviews briefly the reasons for the emergence of a discourse problem in language study and then examines the nature of this problem and suggests ways in which applied linguists and foreign language teachers can engage in intellectual dialogue. It is argued that applied linguists and language teachers can understand one another by engaging together in an intellectual exploration of the historical and social forces that have shaped their respective discourses. Ultimately what is important for each to understand is not the different answers they give but the different questions they ask.
4
Smith, Richard. "Claude Marcel (1793–1876): A Neglected Applied Linguist?" Language & History 52, no. 2 (November 2009): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/175975309x452058.
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Kryukova, Ol'ga Pavlovna. "SPEECH THINKING AS A PROCESS (INTERDISCIPLINARY VIEW OF AN APPLIED LINGUIST)." Philological Sciences. Issues of Theory and Practice, no. 1-2 (January 2018): 316–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/filnauki.2018-1-2.27.
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Bell, Roger T. "An applied linguist wonders about boundaries round the newly cleared field." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 13, no. 1 (November 8, 2001): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.13.1.11bel.
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7
Curró, Gina. "Writing Workshops for First Year Law: my contribution as an applied linguist." Law Teacher 51, no. 3 (September 2016): 312–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03069400.2016.1201744.
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Widdowson, Henry G. "OBJECT LANGUAGE AND THE LANGUAGE SUBJECT: ON THE MEDIATING ROLE OF APPLIED LINGUISTICS." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 20 (January 2000): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190500200020.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As linguistics has extended its scope over the past thirty years from an exclusive concern with knowledge of the abstract code, what Chomsky referred to as Internalized (I) language, to a consideration of the way this knowledge is actualized in Externalized (E) language (Chomsky 1988), so it has inevitably gained in face validity as an area of inquiry relevant to practical life. A linguistics that deals with real, as distinct from ideal, speaker-listeners has a more obvious applicability to the problems real people actually have with language. Nevertheless, one cannot just assume a direct correspondence between the E externalized language the linguist describes and the E experienced language that is a reality for the user. The applicability of linguistic descriptions is a potential that has to be realized, and this is where applied linguistics comes in.
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Krasina, Elena A., Kanat K. Rakhimzhanov, and Marzhan K. Akosheva. "Translingual Personality of a Scholar and Researcher: the 60th Anniversary of Prof. Zifa Kakbayevna Temirgazina." Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices 17, no. 3 (December 15, 2020): 306–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-897x-2020-17-3-306-320.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article is devoted to the professional translingual personality of Dr. of Philology, Professor Z.K. Temirgazina who is a creative and ever-developing professional linguist and researcher. A short survey of her scientific research activities, the review of her main works, to speak about finally - the research school of linguistics help give evidence of her truly active and multidimensional work in the direction from monolingualism towards real translingualism which are both revealed in theoretical and applied planes. Its obvious that in the professional sphere a linguist being a translingual scholar is able to understand better and deeper his own creative translingual self and entity, choosing as an object of the studies various languages involving in his professional competence. Simultaneously the article observes the innovative theoretical contribution of Prof. Z.K. Temirgazina to the studies of evaluation as a linguistic category as well as the studies in semantic syntax, the theory of speech activity, and linguistic gender studies. To sum up, there is surveyed the leading role of Prof. Z.K. Temirgazina to create the Kazakhstan linguo-axiological research school carried out during the latest two decades. Together with theoretical developments, the scholar pays much attention to the applied linguistic tasks, in particular, it concerns implementation and adaptation of polylingual; education at Kazakhstan secondary schools, and development of grammar literacy of schoolchildren by means of the Russian language.
10
Tucker, G. Richard. "The Applied Linguist, School Reform, and Technology: Challenges and Opportunities for the Coming Decade." CALICO Journal 17, no. 2 (January 14, 2013): 197–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/cj.v17i2.197-221.
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11
Cope, Lida, and Susan D. Penfield. "‘Applied linguist needed’: cross-disciplinary networking for revitalization and education in endangered language contexts." Language and Education 25, no. 4 (July 2011): 267–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09500782.2011.577217.
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12
Widodo, Idham, Irma Diani, and Safnil Safnil. "The Rhetorical Structure of Short Lecture by Famous Applied Linguists Jack C. Richards Posted on YouTube." Jadila: Journal of Development and Innovation in Language and Literature Education 1, no. 2 (October 5, 2020): 128–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.52690/jadila.v1i2.40.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study aims to investigate the rhetorical structure of move and step of short lecture by famous applied linguist Jack C. Richards posted on YouTube. The data of this study were 22 video-transcripts of a short lecture of Jack C Richards. The results: (1) three moves of rhetorical structure such as M1 – Introduction, M2 – Content of Short Lecture, and M3 – Conclusion. They are 100% occurred in all of the data analyzed as obligatory category. (2) the most often found steps in the short lectures that occurred 100% and classified as obligatory category, such as M2SB – Argumentation of the short lecture and M3SA – Summarizing the points and the steps with 60-99% percentage of occurrences as classified as conventional category, namely are M1SE – Announcing topic of oral presentation, M1SA – Greeting the Audience, M2SC – Illustration of short lecture, and M2SA – Description of short lecture. The new proposed model of spoken genre analysis adapted from Ali and Singh (2019), the Sermon model by Cheong cited in Safnil (2010) and Seliman (1996) for identifying the rhetorical structure of short lecture is effective enough to capture the possible rhetorical moves and steps in a whole text of short lecture by famous applied linguist posted in YouTube.
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Andreeva, Zhaneta. "The Responsibility to Language and to the Work of the Linguist." Bulgarski Ezik i Literatura-Bulgarian Language and Literature 64, no. 1 (February 9, 2022): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.53656/bel2022-9-za.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article is a thematic review of the seventh volume of „Тhe Responsibility to Language“ series, published by the Department of Bulgarian Language at the University of Shumen “Bishop Konstantin Preslavski”. The included materials are dedicated to the 90th anniversary of Corresponding Member. Prof. Dr. Todor Boyadzhiev, Rector and Doctor Honoris Causa of the University of Shumen. Compilers and scientific editors are Dimitar Popov, Velka Popova, Kalina Yocheva, Aneta Tihova, Ani Angelova, Irina Ivanova. The publication includes scientific works of Bulgarian and foreign linguists. The authors consider current problems of linguistics in a wide scientific range - lexicology, lexicography, ethnolinguistics, psycholinguistics, applied linguistics, linguistic personology, text linguistics, phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, dialectology, historiology, phraseology, linguistics, linguistics cognitive linguistics.
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Balhaf, Amer Fael. "Damath, The Companion and Narrator of Abu Obaidah, His Life, His Narrations and His Empirical View Towards Implied (ān)." Journal of Arts and Social Sciences [JASS] 9, no. 2 (October 1, 2018): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jass.vol9iss2pp67-78.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper attempts to introduce a linguist who didn’t obtain the fame and fortune, Rafeea Bin Salamh Alabdi, known as (Damath), the companion and the narrator of Abu Obaidah Muammar bin Almuthanna; from whom he narrated and learned the language, events, history, and genealogy, by means of narrating on one hand, and through writing down his books on the other one. This study consists of three sections, introduction and a conclusion. The first section is about Damath: his name, nickname, surname, pedigree, his relationship with Abu Obaidah, his features, rank and then his death. The second section is about his narrations (topics of his narrations, his references, quotations and their linguistic values). The third section is about a grammatical issue linked to implied (ān) with the present tense preceded by fa, waw or Aw focusing on the opinions of the grammarians about the problem and on the general principles which had been applied in this implication. The study concluded with important findings such as introducing an unknown linguist to the researchers in the linguistics and grammatical fields, in acknowledgement of his scientific heritage and linguistics contribution.
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Manole, Veronica. "As formas de tratamento na abordagem multissistémica: um novo modelo teórico de análise." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Philologia 66, no. 4 (December 17, 2021): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2021.4.05.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Address Forms in a Multisystemic Approach: A New Theoretical Model of Analysis. The aim of this paper is to propose a new theoretical model for the analysis of address forms. In the first part of the paper, I do a critical evaluation of existing theoretical models, showing, on the one hand, that the divergent approaches reflect the complexity of address research, and, on the other hand, that there is a need for a unified model to englobe morphosyntactic, semantic, pragmatic, discursive, and diachronic approaches. In the second part of the paper, I present the multisystemic theory developed by the Brazilian linguist Ataliba de Castilho and demonstrate that it can be successfully used for the analysis of address forms. In the last part of the paper, I show that lexicalization, semanticization, discursivization, and grammaticalization (linguistic processes identified by Ataliba de Castilho in his theory) can explain linguistic phenomena of the address systems in Portuguese and Romanian. Keywords: address forms, European Portuguese, Brazilian Portuguese, Romanian, multisystemic theory, multisystemic theory of Ataliba de Castilho
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Sarkar, Mela. "Ten Years of Mi’gmaq Language Revitalization Work: A Non-Indigenous Applied Linguist Reflects on Building Research Relationships." Canadian Modern Language Review 73, no. 4 (November 2017): 488–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cmlr.4082.
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Chulkina, Nina L., and Vladimir N. Denisenko. "Yuri Nikolaevich Karaulov To the 85th Anniversary of Prof. Yu.N. Karaulov." RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics 11, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 790–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2020-11-4-790-794.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article is dedicated to the 85 anniversary of Yuri Nikolaevich Karaulov (1935-2016), a well-known Soviet and Russian linguist, Doctor of Philology, Corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences and winner of the USSR State prize (1991). The contribution of Yu.N. Karaulov to the development of philological education and modern linguistics is represented by the main directions of his multi-faceted research activities. Special attention is paid to the fundamental works of the scientist in the field of General and Russian linguistics, lexicology and lexicography, and applied linguistics. The article covers the results of applied research of Professor Yu.N. Karaulov, related to the main directions of its research activities: the theory of linguistic personality, cognitive linguistics and theory and practice of lexicography. Yu.N. Karaulov was the founder and head of the scientific school Russian language personality, the program of which United many research areas actively developed in modern linguistics.
18
Martin, James R. "DESIGN AND PRACTICE: ENACTING FUNCTIONAL LINGUISTICS." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 20 (January 2000): 116–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026719050020007x.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
I have tried to practice linguistics as a form of social action, a practice which Halliday (e.g., 1985) has suggested cannot be other than ideologically committed. This practice dissolves the linguistics vs. applied linguistic opposition which has evolved in response to the hegemony of American formalism—whose idealizing reductivity comes nowhere near serving the needs of language users and their aids around the world. In its stead, linguistics as social action engages theory with practice in a dialectic whereby theory informs practice which, in turn, rebounds on theory, recursively, as more effective ways of intervening in various processes of semogenesis are designed (Martin 1997; 1998a). My own experience of this engagement has been mainly in the field of literacy, especially of writing development in primary and secondary school. Accordingly, I'll draw on this experience to address the sub-field ‘Writing and Literacy,’ writing as a linguist working across what is generally read and has been increasingly institutionalized as an applied vs. theoretical frontier.
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Androsova, Svetlana V. "Born to face challenges and make discoveries: A commemorative paper in honor of my colleague and dear friend Alexis A. Burykin." Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, no. 4 (2021): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_4_187_194.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper was written in commemoration of an outstanding Russian linguist, the member of Editorial Board of the journal «Theoretical and Applied Linguistics» Alexis A. Burykin who passed away too early. More than 30 times he prepared peer reviews for the Journal, and 9 times published with the Journal after being peerreviewed. Linguistic issues that he studied were multiple and complex: he created the largest in Russia Electronic Lexicographer Library, went deep into controversial issues of phonetics and phonology, writing systems, poetry and translation, phraseology, word-building and reconstruction. His sharp mind, encyclopedic knowledge, pure talent and restlessness made him rush to face challenges and make discoveries. With his death, we suffered a terrible loss, and we lost not just a colleague but a dear friend who we would always miss.
20
Kinginger, Celeste. "Eureka! or, How I learned to stop worrying and love the survey." Language Teaching 54, no. 1 (August 19, 2020): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261444820000385.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Two decades ago, a personally-addressed ten-page survey printed on salmon-colored stock appeared in my campus mailbox. An accompanying letter explained that the sender was a student collecting data for a graduate-level thesis and included contact information for the thesis advisor … in marketing. It was the one and only ‘Consumer Durable Goods Study’ I would ever receive as an applied linguist.
21
Dowthwaite, James. "Edward Sapir and Modernist Poetry: Amy Lowell, H.D., Ezra Pound, and the Development of Sapir's Literary Theory." Modernist Cultures 13, no. 2 (May 2018): 255–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/mod.2018.0208.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this article, I look at the connections between the eminent linguist Edward Sapir (1884–1939) and modernist poetry. In his career, Sapir provided extensive knowledge about North American languages and promoted an influential relativistic approach to language and culture. His understanding of language, particularly its cultural values, was informed by his understanding of literature. I look, in particular, at the ways that Sapir applied his theories of language to his contemporaries in modernist poetry, with specific focus on Amy Lowell and Hilda Doolittle. Sapir saw modernist poetry as being based on the same linguistic principles as his broader theories of language and culture. I argue that Sapir's theoretical writing is not simply a key by which we should read modernist approaches to language, but is made up of important literary connections which point to his influence and standing in the modernist network.
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Adamo, Grace Ebunlola. "Linguistic interplay between Yoruba and English." English Today 28, no. 2 (May 17, 2012): 51–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026607841200017x.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this paper is to foreground the extent to which the English language has eroded the originality and purity of the Yoruba language. The main focus will be on code-switching practices, which I believe to be detrimental to Yoruba in the long run. Although linguists have long proposed a ‘leave-your-language-alone’ attitude (see Hall, 1950), there is little doubt that the effects of first British colonization and then globalization have changed the linguistic ecology of Africa. Few sociolinguists would deny that a people's language is a symbol of their identity and culture. In an important textbook in the field, Holmes (1992: 70) confirms that ‘Language is an important component of identity and culture for many groups, maintaining their distinct identity and culture is usually important to … self esteem.’ What are we then to make of the extensive code-switching that I will be documenting in this article? Linguists' tolerance has certainly extended to code-switching studies in Africa, from which much important data has been drawn. The main scholar in this area is Carol Myers-Scotton, whose two books on code-switching (1993a,b) were based primarily on her research in Africa and remain central to the field internationally. Scholars like Coupland and Jaworski (1997) propose that the use of mixed speech in a conversation is not necessarily a language defect but a sign of flexibility and creativity. Understanding the social, psycholinguistic and syntactic motivations for switching is one thing, but the applied linguist and educationist also has to ask serious questions about what this means for the future of local languages heavily implicated in code-switching.
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Delfino, Lais Lopes, Ricardo Shoiti Komatsu, Caroline Komatsu, Anita Liberalesso Neri, and Meire Cachioni. "Brazilian transcultural adaptation of an instrument on communicative strategies of caregivers of elderly with dementia." Dementia & Neuropsychologia 11, no. 3 (September 2017): 242–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-57642016dn11-030005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT Communication with patients with dementia may be a difficult task for caregivers. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to produce a Brazilian transcultural adaptation of an instrument developed in Canada, called the Small Communication Strategies Scale, composed of 10 items constructed from 10 communicative strategies most recurrent in a literature survey. METHODS: Drawing on understanding of the construction of the Small Communication Strategies Scale (SCSS), a Brazilian Portuguese version of the instrument was devised through the following steps: translation, back-translation and semantic-cultural adaptation by a specialized linguist in English-Portuguese translations and application of the comprehension test for the version produced in a group of caregivers of elderly individuals with dementia. RESULTS: The transcultural equivalence process was performed and two items of the SCSS needed adapting to the Brazilian context. After changes suggested by a specialized linguist, the final version was applied to 34 caregivers and the transcultural equivalence considered satisfactory. CONCLUSION: The Brazilian version of the instrument was successfully transculturally adapted for future validation and application in Brazil.
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Sharma, Dr Shreeja, and Prof Shubhra Tripathi. "Error Analysis for English Language Teachingat Primary Level." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 6, no. 9 (September 10, 2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v6i9.4927.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The prime concern of every language teacher, and to some extent every linguist, is to device pedagogical methods and strategies which facilitate language acquisition. The concern of any teacher or applied linguist is, though not explicitly stated anywhere, to equip the learners with “correct” features of the language being learnt. Emphasis on “correctness” is due to the presumption that erroneous structures or deviations from linguistic code will lead to incomprehensibility and impediment in communication.As a result of such convictionsContrastive Analysis (CA) and Error Analysis (EA) focussed their attention on “correct” grammatical, lexical and syntactical features of Target Language (TL), in this case English.Both Contrastive Analysts and Error Analysts analysed the language and tried to predict areas of ease or difficulty. This was often achieved with ‘some’ degree of success. However, in the present socio-educational milieu of Indian schools, where English language teaching is a significant stake, insights from CA and EA, particularly the latter, are either not taken into cognizance, or found inadequate. CA is taken into consideration, though obliquely, indirectly and cursorily, where English language is taught resorting to bilingualism. EA is usually ignored completely. Even when teachers correct students’ assignments and copies, they point out mistakes/errors, suggest corrections, but neither take into account why these mistakes/errors have occurred, nor how to prevent such cases in future. With the ever growing importance of English as a global language and a second language in India, no stakeholder in education can afford to undermine the significance of ELT.The time is therefore ripe to take a fresh look at Error Analysis (EA) and assess how it can be deployed as a powerful tool in school teaching.
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Sharipov, Fazliddin Galievich. "ATTITUDE TO THE PL O THE PLURAL AFFI URAL AFFIX IN UZBEK L X IN UZBEK LANGUAGE." Scientific Reports of Bukhara State University 5, no. 1 (February 26, 2021): 50–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.52297/2181-1466/2021/5/1/4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. The following article reflects the views of Uzbek linguist A. Gulomov, who made a great contribution to Uzbek linguistics sciences. In his scientific works, the scientist pays great attention to the analysis of additives. The period of creation of serious scientific research on the morphology of the Uzbek language falls on the 40’s of the XX century - the years created by A. Gulomov. By this period, a separate study of each morphological phenomenon began gradually due to general morphology. We will consider the work in this direction on an additional example, which was met in 1940 by the linguist A. Gulomov with more than hundreds of articles that reflect the many and other meanings of scientific research of the scientist. Research methods. By the 40’s of the twentieth century, in Uzbek linguistics, A. Gulomov applied an approach to the source of research, synthesizing various methods of analysis based on different directions, in all respects, based on the relationship of the source with other phenomena. Results and discussions. Without a deep study of A. Gulomov’s research, created in the 40’s and 50’s, these are unconscious opinions.
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Allen, David. "An Overview and Synthesis of Research on English Loanwords in Japanese." Vocabulary Learning and Instruction 9, no. 1 (2020): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7820/vli.v09.1.allen.a.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Loanwords in Japanese that share form and meaning with English words are referred to as Japanese-English cognates (e.g., ラジオ /radӡio/ “radio”) and are of fundamental concern for researchers concerned with vocabulary learning and instruction. This concern is reflected in the growing body of research into Japanese-English cognates in applied linguistics, which has addressed a wide range of questions in different contexts and with various methodologies. However, the research relevant to applied linguists appears not only in various domestic and international learning- and teaching-focused publications, but also in the feeder disciplines of linguistics, sociolinguistics and psycholinguistics. Consequently, identifying published research on Japanese-English cognates presents a considerable challenge for the applied linguist, which may in turn hinder progression in the field. Therefore, this article reports a comprehensive yet non-exhaustive literature search, which yielded a corpus of 130 research publications, for which a full reference list is provided. Furthermore, an overview and synthesis of the research is given, illustrating how cognates are typically treated in the feeder disciplines and in studies focusing on language learning and/or teaching, and assessment. Based on this synthesis, the following key areas for future research are identified: learners’ identification and use of cognates in English, their knowledge of loanwords in Japanese, their attitudes and beliefs towards cognates, researchers’ categorisation of cognates, whether classroom teaching approaches to cognates impact learning outcomes, and the extent of the cognate advantage in a range of assessment formats.
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Theron, L., and H. Du Plessis. "Die ontwikkeling van 'n paradigma vir die skryf van 'n kinderverhaal." Literator 15, no. 3 (May 2, 1994): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v15i3.675.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The American linguist, William Labov, distinguished six elements underlying a well-structured oral narrative. These elements are, in the course of this article, developed into a paradigm which can he used in the writing of a children's story. Against the background of the sociolinguistics of Labov’s analysis the elements are further placed within Mary Louise Pratt's narratological approach. The elements are then applied to children's literature. Published and unpublished children's stories are analysed with reference to the elements indicated by Labov. On the basis of the analysis the elements are developed into a paradigm in the Creative Writing sense of the term.
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Lockwood, Jane. "Theorising communications coaching in Asian contact centres: what is the approach?" Industrial and Commercial Training 50, no. 6 (July 2, 2018): 312–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ict-05-2018-0045.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a theoretical framework that is of practical use to those who are coaching for enhanced communication in the contact centre industry. Design/methodology/approach The conceptualization of this framework has emerged after several years of working, as an applied linguist and consultant in this industry. Findings The interdisciplinary framework proposed in this paper draws on the adult learning theory, on language assessment and applied linguistic practices and studies carried out looking at how competency is developed at work. It proposes four levels of competency from novice to expert with the attendant coaching approach to best target the needs of communications coachees in this industry. Research limitations/implications Implications for improved coaching practices in the contact centre industry where there is heavy investment in coaching on the floor. Research limitations are that although there is strong anecdotal evidence that this framework and approach to coaching is effective, the authors need to carry out a large-scale study showing business impact. Practical implications The implications for coaching practitioners are that they have an informed theoretical framework upon which to base their coaching activity. This provides a more targeted approach to the needs of coachees of different levels of experience. Social implications As a result of effective coaching, particularly at the early stages of working in a contact centre, the level of attrition may drop thus providing employees with work in a supportive environment. Originality/value No previous study has looked at how theoretical studies in adult learning and applied linguistic practice can inform communications coaching in this industry. It has also involved the quality assurance specialists in collaborating and contributing to this model.
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Lazdiņa, Sanita. "PROBLEMS OF MASTERING LATVIAN AS A SECOND LANGUAGE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF APPLIED LINGUISTICS." Via Latgalica, no. 1 (December 31, 2008): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/latg2008.1.1601.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The objective of the paper is to illuminate the interpretation of the term „Applied Linguistics” in Latvia and abroad (in Western Europe, the USA and Russia), and thereby identifying possibilities and grounds for the research of Latvian as a second language in the context of the development of applied linguistics in Latvia. Apart from theoretical literature, the author also uses data from observations of classroom discussions, which were obtained in three secondary schools and one elementary school (two schools in Rezekne, one in Rezekne region and one in Balvi). The author of the paper conducted a discourse research of Grade 9 pupils who learn Latvian as a second language (LAT 2). These research data are also important for problems of the development of methodology of applied linguistics in Latvia, because they enable the identification of new data and research methods. Applied linguistics as a field is based on the research of language and its role in human activities. Modern research of applied linguistics in Western Europe shows that attention is paid to areas such as second language acquisition (SLA), cognition, language policy and planning, lexicography, translation theory, corpus linguistics, etc. In Russia, when defining the areas and functions of applied linguistics, emphasize is put on the close connection of linguistics with information technology, artificial intelligence and logics. Russian linguists link the emergence of applied linguistics to the development of science and technology, which have made it necessary to observe language in action. The term „Applied Linguistics” is usually opposed to theoretical linguistics, which studies language in a system under a particular condition. To identify the interpretation of the term „Applied Linguistics” in Latvia, two sources were used for the paper: The „Interpretative Dictionary of Basic Terms of Linguistics” (IDBTL), published in 2007, and the description of the branches and sub-branches of science available on the home page of the Latvian Council of Science (LCS). The comparison of these sources reveals two differences in the definition of „applied linguistics”. IDBTL does not mention sociolinguistics among the areas of applied linguistics. Sociolinguistics is mentioned separately in the dictionary, but there is no link to applied linguistics. The second difference is that IDBTL does not refer to language teaching or learning – neither in the definition of applied linguistics, nor in the description of its areas, whereas it is mentioned in the LCS description of sub-branches. These findings show a lack of consistency in introducing the problem of second language acquisition into the context of the development of applied linguistics. The second part of the paper gives an insight into the research of the Latvian language as a second language. The research data were obtained through structural observations of class discourse and by analyzing them with the help of check lists and tables. The data of the class discourse research is important for the research of the actual situation of language acquisition. The task of an applied linguist is to be a mediator between the theory of linguistics and language pedagogy (linguodidactics). Even for studying problems of mastering the Latvian language as a second language, there is still a lack of systemic research which would provide a deeper analysis of the difficulties that LAT2 pupils deal with while learning Latvian, as well as while studying other subjects bilingually or in Latvian. There is an on-going need for class discourse research and for research of a individual language acquisition processes by means of interviews, questionnaires, and pupils’ reports about the accomplishment of some cognitive or linguistic tasks, as well as by other methods.
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Jones, Christopher P. "Grammarians and Emperors." Mnemosyne 75, no. 1 (January 7, 2022): 58–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568525x-bja10136.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The Greek γραµµατικός combined several functions: as editor and expounder of texts, linguist, librarian, lecturer, courtier and sometimes as ambassador for his monarch or city. In due course Latin-speaking grammatici applied philological skills developed at Alexandria to their own literature, and served as librarians in the great libraries of the imperial period. The present paper studies some Greek γραµµατικοί active in Rome, particularly Alexander of Cotiaeon, appointed by Antoninus Pius as tutor to the princes Marcus and Lucius, and also the teacher of Aelius Aristides. As Aristides’ tribute to him shows, Alexander was not only a notable critic and influential teacher, but acted as a benefactor (εὐεργέτης) of his native city, in this respect comparable to the sophists who were his contemporaries.
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Kompantseva, Larysa. "Linguistic examination of social networks under conditions of hybrid challenges to Ukraine's national security." Actual issues of Ukrainian linguistics: theory and practice, no. 40 (2020): 119–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/apultp.2020.40.119-139.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article analyses the applied aspects of linguistic examination of social networks under conditions of hybrid threats to the national security of Ukraine. It is argued that the intensification of intercultural communications, the formation of a single geopolitical space, the activation of destructive influences on the behaviour of social network visitors have led to an increase in discursive situations that a linguist can evaluate as an expert. For these reasons, there is an urgent need to separate and legislate linguistic examination of social networks, i.e. linguistic analysis of social network discourses using an integrated approach, the results of which can be completed as an advisory opinion or forecast concerning the impact of virtual communication on socio-political activity in the real world. This type of examination has got importance under conditions of hybrid aggression of the Russian Federation, which is mainly aimed to reshape the system of values and behaviour in target audiences, though it is of a consciental nature. The expert approach is the most relevant for identifying social cyberattacks, i.e. anonymous manipulative influences on social network visitors to create chaos, panic, and mass unrest. This identification should consider the following discursive characteristics of social networks: the creation of attractive content, its coordinated distribution through public and private channels, the use of social bots, the horizontal broadcasting of narratives. As an example, it is proposed the linguistic examination of the Russian propaganda fake “anti-Semitism in Ukraine”, which purpose is to ignite ethnic agitation. Therefore, active integration of academic community into the analysis of modern threats and counteraction to them, creation of a pool of professional experts, legislative regulation of the status of linguistic examination of social networks are on the agenda.
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Gutt, Ernst-August. "A multi-tiered approach to Silt'i verb morphology." Studies in African Linguistics 16, no. 2 (August 1, 1985): 183–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/sal.v16i2.107503.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The replacement of the familiar linear phonological representations of the SPE-type by the multi-tiered configurations proposed in autosegmental phonology has enriched the theoretical apparatus available to the linguist and has opened the way for a better understanding of the workings of phonology. One particular strength of this theory is that it predicts the existence of distinct subsystems within a phonological system and offers a principled account of their interactions. Applied to the aspectual inflection of Silt'i verbs, the multi-tiered approach proves its potential by accommodating two distinct subsystems of inflection, viz. CV-pattern inflection and ablaut inflection, in a unified, principled description. From a more , general point of view, this paper sketches one possible way of integrating syllable theory as a distinct subsystem into an autosegmental system of phonology.
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Rajagopalan, Kanavillil. "Applied Linguists." Revista da Anpoll 52, no. 2 (November 18, 2021): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18309/ranpoll.v52i2.1542.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper seeks out future directions for the field of study that has by now fully consolidated itself as an independent discipline under the name of Applied Linguistics. Special attention is drawn to the ‘loosening up’ of the very notion of language as a hermetically sealed entity, impervious to outside influences, as well as the groundbreaking critical turn it has taken in recent years, along with the impulse to intervene in the states of affairs that it unveils through painstaking studies. It is shown that this last development is by no means an optional follow-through from the analytic work customarily done. Rather, it is an inevitable sequel to the new stance adopted by researchers in the field – a development whose roots can, oddly enough, be traced back to Saussure’s thoughts at the very dawn of Linguistics, its ‘mother discipline’. But it is also emphasized that, side by side with these exciting prospects, there also appear on the horizon some serious challenges to reckon with in the years ahead.
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Sato, Takanori, and Tim McNamara. "What Counts in Second Language Oral Communication Ability? The Perspective of Linguistic Laypersons." Applied Linguistics 40, no. 6 (September 14, 2018): 894–916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/applin/amy032.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Applied linguists have developed complex theories of the ability to communicate in a second language (L2). However, the perspectives on L2 communication ability of speakers who are not trained language professionals have been incorporated neither into theories of communication ability nor in the criteria for assessing performance on general-purpose oral proficiency tests. This potentially weakens the validity of such tests because the ultimate arbiters of L2 speakers’ oral performance are not trained language professionals. This study investigates the perspectives of these linguistic laypersons on L2 communication ability. Twenty-three native and non-native English-speaking linguistic laypersons judged L2 speakers’ oral performances and verbalized the reasons for their judgments. The results showed that the participants focus not only on the linguistic aspects of the speaker’s output but also on features that applied linguists have less paid attention to. Even where speaker’s linguistic errors were acknowledged, message conveyance and comprehensibility of the message contributed to their judgment. The study has implications for language testing and the development of tests reflecting the construct of English as a lingua franca.
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Mańczak-Wohlfeld, Elżbieta. "English-Polish contrastive grammar at Polish universities." Linguistics Beyond and Within (LingBaW) 2 (December 30, 2016): 126–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/lingbaw.5642.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Although contrastive studies do not enjoy great prestige among linguists, they have a very long tradition dating back to ca. 1000 A.D. when Ælfric wrote his Grammatica, a grammar of Latin and English. Even then he must have been aware of the fact that the knowledge of one language may be helpful in the process of learning another language (Krzeszowski 1990). Similarly, it seems that throughout the history of mankind teachers of a foreign language must have realized that a native and foreign tongue can be contrasted. However, contrastive linguistics only came into being as a science at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The first works were almost purely theoretical, and it is worth emphasizing that among the first scholars working in the field was Baudouin de Courtenay, a Polish linguist, who published his contrastive grammar of Polish, Russian and Old Church Slavonic in 1912. The outbreak of the Second World War was a milestone in the development of applied contrastive studies since a need to teach foreign languages in the United States arose as a result. The 1960’s is considered a further step in the development of contrastive grammar since a number of projects were initiated both in Europe and in the U.S.A. (Willim, Mańczak-Wohlfeld 1997), which resulted in the introduction of courses in English-Polish contrastive grammar at Polish universities. The aim of the present paper is to characterize and evaluate the courses offered in the English departments of selected Polish universities and to suggest an “ideal” syllabus.
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Vilkienė, Loreta, Laura Vilkaitė-Lozdienė, Rita Juknevičienė, Justina Bružaitė-Liseckienė, Kinga Geben, and Birutė Ryvitytė. "Is it reliable and valid if it is not replicable? On the importance of replicability in quantitative research." Taikomoji kalbotyra, no. 14 (June 16, 2020): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/taikalbot.2020.14.3.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The idea of this paper arose in a reading group of several colleagues at the Faculty of Philology of Vilnius University after a discussion of a review article published by the editors of Language Teaching. Titled ‘Replication studies in language learning and teaching’ (2008), the paper focuses on replication studies and argues that they should be promoted and valued no less than original research. The participants of the reading group agreed that replication studies, understood here primarily as replications of quantitative research, are indeed an important issue that could be of interest to the broader community of applied linguists in Lithuania. The present paper argues that attempts to replicate earlier studies, which are very scarce or non-existent in Lithuania, deserve more attention both from novice and mature researchers. Replications are particularly valuable in developmental studies where replicating a study over a period of time allows the researcher to obtain data for continued analysis. Furthermore, a replication of a published study that deals with data collected in one country offers an opportunity to verify its findings in a different context and this way consolidates our understanding of phenomena under study. Finally, replication is an invaluable learning method to a novice linguist, be it a senior undergraduate or postgraduate student. Thus the authors of this paper would like to promote the idea of replication research in our community as well as encourage everyone interested make use of the increasingly growing amount of open access data available on the internet.
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Daniels, H. "Applying Activity Theory in Multiagency Settings." Cultural-Historical Psychology 12, no. 3 (2016): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/chp.2016120302.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper I explore the extent to which two approaches to the social formation of mind are compatible and may be used to enrich and extend each other. These are: Activity Theory (AT) as derived from the work of the early Russian psychologists, Vygotsky and Leontiev, and the work of the sociologist Basil Bernstein. The purpose is to show how Bernstein provides a language of description which allows Vygotsky’s account of social formation of mind to be extended and enhanced through an understanding of the sociological processes which form specific modalities of pedagogic practice and their specialized scientific concepts. The two approaches engage with a common theme namely the social shaping of consciousness, from different perspectives and yet as Bernstein acknowledges both develop many of their core assumptions from the work of Marx and the French school of early twentieth century sociology. The work of the Russian linguist is also be used to further nuance the argument applied in multiagency settings.
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Goddard, Jonathan Charles. "A Series of Fortunate Events: Harold Hopkins." Journal of Clinical Urology 11, no. 1_suppl (June 2018): 4–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2051415818775309.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Harold Hopkins is known to most urologists for his innovations in the field of endourology: fibreoptics which led to the flexible cystoscopes and ureteroscopes and the rod lens system that revolutionised rigid cystoscopy and endourological surgery. Of course these inventions have benefitted many other areas of medicine such as gynaecology, orthopaedics and gastroenterology. Harold Hopkins however was an optical physicist; his genius was not limited to medical devices. Indeed he could quite easily have concentrated his skills in theoretical physics, optical theory or applied it to optics and lenses in industry. In fact, he could have become an expert linguist eschewing science altogether. As a matter of fact Hopkins did all of these things but it was a series of coincidences that led him to pursue the path of optics and that brought him together with certain doctors in need of a genius with the ability to see novel approaches to their problems.
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MCSHANE, MARJORIE, SERGEI NIRENBURG, and RON ZACHARSKI. "Mood and modality: out of theory and into the fray." Natural Language Engineering 10, no. 1 (February 23, 2004): 57–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324903003279.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The topic of mood and modality (MOD) is a difficult aspect of language description because, among other reasons, the inventory of modal meanings is not stable across languages, moods do not map neatly from one language to another, modality may be realised morphologically or by free-standing words, and modality interacts in complex ways with other modules of the grammar, like tense and aspect. Describing MOD is especially difficult if one attempts to develop a unified approach that not only provides cross-linguistic coverage, but is also useful in practical natural language processing systems. This article discusses an approach to MOD that was developed for and implemented in the Boas Knowledge-Elicitation (KE) system. Boas elicits knowledge about any language, L, from an informant who need not be a trained linguist. That knowledge then serves as the static resources for an L-to-English translation system. The KE methodology used throughout Boas is driven by a resident inventory of parameters, value sets, and means of their realisation for a wide range of language phenomena. MOD is one of those parameters, whose values are the inventory of attested and not yet attested moods (e.g. indicative, conditional, imperative), and whose realisations include flective morphology, agglutinating morphology, isolating morphology, words, phrases and constructions. Developing the MOD elicitation procedures for Boas amounted to wedding the extensive theoretical and descriptive research on MOD with practical approaches to guiding an untrained informant through this non-trivial task. We believe that our experience in building the MOD module of Boas offers insights not only into cross-linguistic aspects of MOD that have not previously been detailed in the natural language processing literature, but also into KE methodologies that could be applied more broadly.
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Atherton, Mark. "Imaginative Science." Historiographia Linguistica 37, no. 1-2 (May 21, 2010): 31–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.37.1-2.02ath.
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Summary This article traces the interactions between the philologist and applied linguist Henry Sweet (1845–1912) and the anthropologist and evolutionist E. B. Tylor (1832–1917). Tylor was impressed by Sweet’s uniformitarian views on phonetic synthesis and word-division: that phonetic and grammatical processes observable in the present could be used to explain grammatical formation and inflection in the past. Conversely, Sweet’s views on language and its origins owe much to Tylor’s intellectualism and his doctrine of survivals. According to Tylor, ‘primitive man’ employed rational thought in his attempts to make intellectual sense of the world and its phenomena. In expressions such as ‘the sun rises’, vestiges of this primitive thought and animism then survive in the lexis and syntax of later, modern languages. Sweet used Tylorian material in his language textbooks, and the intellectualist theory was taken up by literary critics in the 1880s, e.g., in the Shelley Society — of which Sweet was a founding member, in order to explore the roots of poetic metaphor and figurative language as used in modern English poetry.
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De Costa, Peter I., Scott Sterling, Jongbong Lee, Wendy Li, and Hima Rawal. "Research tasks on ethics in applied linguistics." Language Teaching 54, no. 1 (July 16, 2020): 58–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261444820000257.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe growing concern for ethics in applied linguistics may be attributed to attempts to stem the rising incidence of ethical lapses in order to ensure that the core ethical principles of (1) respect for persons, (2) yielding optimal benefits while minimizing harm, and (3) justice are preserved. Following a brief historical review of this topic, and building on the growing commitment to carry out ethical applied linguistic research, we map out seven research tasks that will enhance our understanding of how to extend this expanding research agenda. By inviting applied linguists to evaluate their methodological practices and those of their peers, we also argue for the need to develop the ethical dispositions of emerging applied linguists, with a view to create a more robust field.
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Drucker, Johanna. "Information visualization and/as enunciation." Journal of Documentation 73, no. 5 (September 11, 2017): 903–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-01-2017-0004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose A Recent work in information studies re-engages with theories of subject enunciation first developed in the work of twentieth century structuralist and post-structuralist critics. To date this work has not been extended to the analysis of data visualizations. The purpose of this paper is to assert that information visualizations embody specific dynamics of positionality for which linguist Emile Benveniste’s formulation of a speaking and spoken subject provides a critical analytic framework. In particular, enunciative theory can be used to explicitly address the mechanisms of power formation in information graphics “spreadsheets, charts and interfaces” that are frequently seen as mere presentations of quantitative or statistical information. This approach is based on attention to the performative aspects of graphic expression and the ways familiar features such as frontality framing and scale can be read critically. Design/methodology/approach A theoretical argument that applies literature in enunciation as developed in linguistics, film theory, and psychoanalysis to information visualizations. The paper makes specific analyses of the graphical features of spreadsheets, common charts and graphs, and interfaces to show how they create speaking and spoken subject positions. Findings The theory of enunciation is useful in understanding the ways information representations, particularly visualizations of data, work to produce power relations. Research limitations/implications The topic may seem to draw on theoretical positions that are associated with structural and post-structural theory popular three decades ago, but since the study of enunciation was never applied to information visualizations, the work feels timely. Recent work in information studies has re-engaged with these theoretical issues, but not applied them to charts, graphs, and other visual forms. Information visualizations are so prevalent that any critical insight into their operations feels timely, even urgent. Originality/value The concept of information as enunciation in recent work in information studies has not been applied to visualizations. Analysis of the production of subject positions as commonly understood in other fields (linguistics, textual studies, film studies, visual studies, and psychoanalysis across a broad range of cultural studies fields) can be usefully applied to information graphics.
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Tarone, Elaine. "Applied linguists without borders." Language Teaching 46, no. 3 (July 11, 2012): 355–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261444812000262.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Until 1989, the American Association for Applied Linguistics (AAAL) could have been viewed as an interest group of the Linguistics Society of America (LSA); AAAL met in two designated meeting rooms as a subsection of the LSA conference. In 1991, I was asked to organize the first independent meeting of AAAL in New York City, with the help of Nathalie Bailey as local chair. With the planning committee, we made several important changes that would take effect in the first independent AAAL conference: we would have many more sessions than could be accommodated in two rooms, we would invite colloquia as well as individual papers, and we would go out of our way to recruit international presenters, even though our name was the american Association for Applied Linguistics. I remember that first independent AAAL conference as a resounding success, with 400 enthusiastic participants.
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Shulgina, K. V., and A. V. Pasko. "Prosody of Abuse." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science 16, no. 1 (April 23, 2021): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30764/1819-2785-2021-1-92-99.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The relevance of the study of the prosodic structure of speech acts of abuse is due to the tasks faced by an expert linguist in the study of oral discourse. The present study is experimental; in its course, for the first time, a set of universal and individual prosodic means used when pronouncing a conflict statement with signs of verbal aggression is considered. The purpose of the article is to identify the prosodic characteristics of abuse as an illocutionary act and study the features of suprasegmental units of speech containing invective elements, including those in the structure of utterances not limited by the semantics and pragmatics of abuse. An interdisciplinary approach is applied to analyzing spoken texts based on the appeal to acoustic, auditory, and linguistic analysis methods. The study’s object was unique, authentic utterances: spontaneous sounding speech qualified by the preliminary investigation authorities as a public abuse to a government official. As a result of the study, we identified suprasegmental units that characterize the speakers’ invective speech. The prosodic components of the speech act of abuse within the framework of the utterance include the ascending-descending nature of the frequency of the main tone and increased dynamic characteristics of speech. Statements containing signs of abuse are often carriers of other goals. Prosodic accents in such utterances vary and depend on the leading speech purpose of the utterance. Together with their addresser’s speech goal, the analyzed utterances’ propositional content is manifested by a particular prosodic structure. The intonational model of such statements when solving diagnostic expert problems acts as one of the indicators of a subjective negative assessment, which contributes to identifying a speech act as an abuse.
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بلبول, محمد. "بعض توجّهات البحث التطبيقي في اللسانيات التوليدية". Ansaq journal 2, № 1 (лютий 2018): 175–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/ansaq.2018.0062.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
تطمح هذه المساهمة إلى تبيان بعض مظاهر البحث التطبيقي الذي توجّهه اهتمامات اللسانيات التوليدية، وهو بحث يصدق عليه وصف اللسانيات المُطبّقة (linguistic applied). أما اللسانيات التطبيقة (applied linguistic) فتتحدّد بمُخرجاتها التقنية والصناعية شأنها شأن الفيزياء والكيمياء التطبيقيتين. بالاستناد إلى هذا التمييز، تسعى الدراسة، من خلال استعراض النقاش العلمي الذي يهيمن في الأوساط العلمية حاليا، إلى توضيح كيفيات رسم فرْضية الأساس الفطري للمعرفة اللغوية خريطةا لبحثَ التجريبي الذي يرصد مظاهر النحوية بدراسته الميدانية لحالات موسومة (marked)؛ من ذلك، مثلا، أبحاث بيكِرتون D. Bickerton في إطار فرضيته المسمّاة: البرنامج الأحيائي (bioprogram) التي تبلورت في سياق الدراسة الميدانية-التجريبية لمسار تَحوُّل الرّطانات (pidgin) عبر الأجيال إلى لغات مزيج (creole) ذات بنية نحوية غنية. وقد ساعدت هذه الأبحاث الميدانية في فهم بنية لغة الإشارة المستعملة من قبل الصّمّ-البُكم من خلال دراسة حالة نيكارغوا وقدمت براهين تجريبية لفائدة أطروحة الفطرية. وغرضنا، من هذا، تحقيق غايتين، أولاهما تحديد محتوى معقول لما اصطلحنا على تسميته باللسانيات المُطبّقة. أمّا الغاية الثانية، وهي التي يُحقّقها القسم الثاني من هذه المقالة، فتتوخى عرض مناقشة تشومسكي لأعمال اللسانيات المطبّقة -التي تبنّت إمّا مُقاربة عُضوية للملكة اللغوية وإما مقاربة إيثولوجية (ethology)- في أفق دعوته إلى أهمية توحيد اللسانيات والعلوم المعرفية بالعلوم العصبية وعلم الأحياء.
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Schegloff, Emanuel A., Irene Koshik, Sally Jacoby, and David Olsher. "1. CONVERSATION ANALYSIS AND APPLIED LINGUISTICS." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 22 (March 2002): 3–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190502000016.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Conversation Analysis (CA) as a mode of inquiry is addressed to all forms of talk and other conduct in interaction, and, accordingly, touches on the concerns of applied linguists at many points. This review sketches and offers bibliographical guidance on several of the major relevant areas of conversation-analytic work—turn-taking, repair, and word selection—and indicates past or potential points of contact with applied linguistics. After covering these areas, we include a brief discussion of some key themes in CA's treatment of talk in institutional contexts. Finally, we discuss several established areas of applied linguistic work in which conversation analytic work is being explored—native, nonnative, and multilingual talk; talk in educational institutions; grammar and interaction; intercultural communication and comparative CA; and implications for designing language teaching tasks, materials, and assessment tasks. We end with some cautions on applying CA findings to other applied linguistic research contexts.
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Janah, Nuria Dhotul, and Siti Tarwiyah. "Male and Female Speech in Pride and Prejudice Novel by Jane Austen and Its Implication in Teaching Speaking." Vision: Journal for Language and Foreign Language Learning 6, no. 2 (March 11, 2018): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/vjv6i21793.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p>The study of gender is essential to the study of language. It is quite clear that male and female characters are different in many aspects. They not only different in their physical aspect but also in using a language. This research aimed to uncover the differences of a linguistic feature in the speech of male and female characters based on woman’s language theory revealed by Robin Tolmach Lakoff, linguistic features which are dominantly used by male and female characters and its implication in teaching speaking. Lakoff is<strong> </strong>a linguist who began the research of the feature of woman’s language. The data of this research were taken from conversations of male and female main characters in <em>Pride and Prejudice</em> novel by Jane Austen. Data collection technique used was documentation which was applied two steps they are reading the novel thoroughly and enlisting all speeches uttered by the main characters of the novel. The instrument of this research was Documentation Guideline. The researcher analyzed the data by using analysis technique according to Mile and Huberman, namely data reduction, data display, and verification. This research revealed that male and female character differs in their number of using of linguistic features. Female characters are stated use more lexical hedge, avoidance of strong swear word, rising intonation on declarative, empty adjective, intensifier, emphatic stress and super polite form than male do. Female characters use those features to show their uncertainty toward things; they tend to avoid strong swear word and use more superpolite form. Therefore, female expressions are considered more polite than male. Consequently, they can avoid friction in their conversation and build effective communication across gender. This result is in line with Lakoff theory. The researcher found that the feature which is dominantly used by male and female is an intensifier. Furthermore, the implication of this research in teaching speaking especially complimenting and interrupting expression as the functional expression is the student needs to exposed expressions of complimenting and interrupting appropriately.</p>
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Marinho, Angélica Maria Cupertino Lopes, Cynthia Baur, Fernanda Morais Ferreira, Ana Cristina Borges-Oliveira, and Mauro Henrique Nogueira Guimarães de Abreu. "Cross-cultural adaptation of the Clear Communication Index to Brazilian Portuguese." Revista de Saúde Pública 54 (March 11, 2020): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054001561.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
OBJECTIVE: To perform a cross-cultural adaptation of the Clear Communication Index instrument from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC-CCI) from English to Brazilian Portuguese. METHODS: This study comprised initial discussion about the conceptual equivalence of the instrument by a committee formed by experts on health education. We performed translations, synthesis of translations, back-translations, revision by the committee, and linguistic revision. Semantic equivalence was obtained by analyzing the referential and general meaning of each item by the committee, resulting in a pre-final version of the instrument. Subsequently, thirty professionals with health sciences degrees performed a pre-test. These professionals used the pre-final version of the instrument to assess a health education material. A questionnaire was applied to evaluate the acceptability of the instrument, the understanding of each of the 20 items, as well as the individual and professional variables. We analyzed the scores attributed to the health education material, the variables related to healthcare professionals, the proportions of the acceptability of the instrument, and the comprehension of each item. RESULTS: After we obtained the conceptual equivalence of the instrument, the committee of experts, the instrument’s main author, and the linguist produced the pre-final version using two translations, a synthesis of the translations, and two back-translations. A general equivalence was maintained in 15 of the 20 items (75%), four of the items were slightly altered (20%), and one item was very altered (5%). Nineteen items presented referential equivalence or near equivalence (95%). We then carried out with the pre-test, in which the professionals used the pre-final version. Two items in the domains of “risks” and “main message” were unclear and needed to be revised. CONCLUSION: The process of cross-cultural adaptation of the Clear Communication Index provided an adapted version to the Brazilian Portuguese language.
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Koyuncu, Selma. "An evaluation of second language acquisition in postmodern era." Apples - Journal of Applied Language Studies 11, no. 1 (April 1, 2017): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/apples/urn.201702061367.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
On looking back the history of second language learning (SLA), one can clearly see the shift beginning from structural approaches to cognitive, naturalist, socio-cultural, communicative approaches, then contextualized and much later ecological ones. Although each approach comes out by criticizing the previous one/ones in different fields, they are just like a complement of each other in terms of SLA. To illustrate, cognitivists criticizes structuralism in that structural linguists see the language as only a linear, systematic system in which teaching takes place in forming habits through pre-selected, pre-sequenced linguistic forms. What cognitive linguists believe that learning a language cannot be limited to what is taught as linguistic forms since learners can create infinite number of sentences using finite rules of grammar and they add there should be something which helps learners to use the second language (L2) cognitively. It is sure that language cannot be regarded without linguistic forms and may need explicit explanation with a continual and conscious attention until it becomes automatic as structural linguists have suggested. In addition, being able to understand mental procedure happening during language learning provides learners to become more aware of their own learning process and benefit from whenever it is needed as cognitivists have mentioned. Just like in this example, the new perspective meets the deficit of the previous one. By the time SLA reaches its postmodern era, each forthcoming approach, technique, method, or procedure brings a new look to language itself, to language learning, and to second language learning via complementing a part which has not been considered before. In this case, it is certain that we can expect the newest approach is the most complex and the most inclusive of all. Despite the fact that postmodernism brings a broader viewpoint to SLA, there are some assumptions which are still fresh to debate. This paper aims to explain the significance of individual variability in L2 as a central construct and whether the experiences in physical and social world support language learning or not.
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Siddiqui, Ali, Shabana Sartaj, and Abdul Karim Keerio. "Understanding the Critical Role of Applied Linguistics with Other Disciplines of 21st Century." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 9, no. 6 (June 1, 2019): 620. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0906.03.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The present study describes the need and importance of Applied Linguistics in present world. It aims to explore all the areas of applied linguists, where it plays a major role. The introductory section describes applied linguistics with its definitions along and references to renowned authors. The second part discovers a brief historical view of applied linguistics that represents it as a distinct field to explore. It portrays about the emergence of this field that is changing with different periods by its professional and academic activities. The third part of a study demonstrates the scope of applied linguistics and its relation to other disciplines. It suggests the future development of applied linguistics with the emerging new scientific disciplines. The fourth section highlights a hot debate of a current scenario that shows the vitality of applied linguists with respect to Linguistic Human Rights (LHRs). The paper aims to explain the importance of applied linguistics around with current perspective of World. Later, it reveals the real situation to violation of Linguistic Human Rights (LHRs) that are specifically contextualized within states of Pakistan and India. Along with this, it also portrays the picture of the future World to a case if no sincere efforts are taken to protect the Linguistic Human Rights, it can prove fatal for researchers and teachers of applied linguistics in general. The final section concludes a study with an over view of applied linguistics to its historical perspective and its relation with other disciplines, specifically with Linguistic Human Rights.