Дисертації з теми "Appendicular skeletal muscle mass"
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Kelaiditi, Eirini. "Diet, inflammation and skeletal muscle mass in women." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2013. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/48746/.
Повний текст джерелаMaden-Wilkinson, Thomas M. "Age related changes in skeletal muscle mass and function." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2173/314011.
Повний текст джерелаParr, Evelyn Bridget. "Exercise and nutrient interactions: Effects on skeletal muscle and body fat mass." Thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2015. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/3b83092cb77808bc2ad9d195eac824e5e7142beb49f607e71cb73edfb2637982/12816055/201510_Evelyn_Parr_ACU_Thesis_Document_FINAL.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBaker, Paul A. "ROLE OF SKELETAL MUSCLE MASS IN SEX-DEPENDENT POWER OUTPUT DURING FLYWHEEL RESISTANCE TRAINING." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/khp_etds/54.
Повний текст джерелаPatel, Harnish. "Life course influences on skeletal muscle morphology, mass and function in community dwelling older men." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.536307.
Повний текст джерелаKelley, Joshua Jed. "Maintaining Skeletal Muscle Through Eccentric Exercise after Bariatric Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7742.
Повний текст джерелаHosokawa, Motoyasu. "Loss of RNA-Binding Protein Sfpq Causes Long-Gene Transcriptopathy in Skeletal Muscle and Severe Muscle Mass Reduction with Metabolic Myopathy." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/243307.
Повний текст джерелаQamar, Muhammad Mustafa. "Long-term strength training reverses the effects of aging on skeletal muscle of health elderly men." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap och medicin, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-27486.
Повний текст джерелаpresentation was made in august 2012 and thesis is approved and got result as well in november 2012
For an enhanced reading experience go to a later version: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-31017.
This study was a part of a larger research project studying adaptations to strength, endurance and combined training
Stuart, Charles A., Melanie P. McCurry, Anna Marino, Mark A. South, Mary E. A. Howell, Andrew S. Layne, Michael W. Ramsey, and Michael H. Stone. "Slow-Twitch Fiber Proportion in Skeletal Muscle Correlates With Insulin Responsiveness." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4123.
Повний текст джерелаStrandberg, Emelie. "Skeletal Muscle Mass & Function in Older Women : Health-Enhancing Influences of Combined Resistance Exercise & Diet." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-61234.
Повний текст джерелаSmith, Jarvis J. "Lower limb skeletal muscle mass in children with cerebral palsy estimation with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 64 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1674094551&sid=5&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Повний текст джерелаBernevic, Bogdan [Verfasser]. "Analytical Development and Application of Mass Spectrometry to skeletal muscle proteomics and Identification of Structure Modifications / Bogdan Bernevic." Konstanz : Bibliothek der Universität Konstanz, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1017455104/34.
Повний текст джерелаPrescod, Alexia. "Divergent effects of zinc, protein and energy deficiencies on skeletal muscle mass, muscle fiber diameter and serum insulin-like growth factor-1 concentration in growing rats." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0005/MQ32222.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаGould, Douglas William. "Exercise training in chronic kidney disease : an exploration of the effects on skeletal muscle mass, function, and the molecular responses." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/41266.
Повний текст джерелаChen, Kan. "Applications of Mass Spectrometry to Analysis of Prodiginines, Bioactivated Methylenedianiline Intermediates, and Hypoxia Induced Changes in the Zebrafish Skeletal Muscle Proteome." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2008. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/899.
Повний текст джерелаStiner, Cory A. "Development of Analytical Methods to Assist with the Purification & Characterization of Novel Endogenous Cardiotonic Steroids Extracted from Sus domesticas Skeletal Muscle." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1522318918009782.
Повний текст джерелаHamaguchi, Yuhei. "Impact of Skeletal Muscle Mass Index, Intramuscular Adipose Tissue Content, and Visceral to Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Area Ratio on Early Mortality of Living Donor Liver Transplantation." Kyoto University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/226774.
Повний текст джерелаSperlich, B., D. P. Born, K. Kaskinoro, K. K. Kalliokoski, and Marko Laaksonen. "Squeezing the Muscle : Compression Clothing and Muscle Metabolism during Recovery from High Intensity Exercise." Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för hälsovetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-18973.
Повний текст джерела:doi 10.1371/journal.pone.0060923
Fernandes, Raquel Alexandra Rodrigues. "Molecular mechanisms in obesity and intensive training in children." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/22363.
Повний текст джерелаPhysical inactivity is a major risk for obesity. This chronic disease results from a caloric imbalance causing an enlargement of adipocytes by excessive fat storage. With an increasing prevalence, childhood obesity is correlated with endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and oxidative stress conducting to the development of other diseases not only in children but also during adulthood. In other hand, numerous children practice exercise of high duration or intensity in high competition sports, which can have harmful effects at physical, physiological and psychological level. In high competition young athletes, oxidative stress and immunosuppression can happen leading to an elevated risk of infection. However, an improved lipid profile is found in childhood athletes. Thus, the objective of the present study was to analyze the impact of childhood obesity as well as intense swimming training in body composition, inflammation and lipid profile, through blood analysis, bioimpedance and immunodetection of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TWEAK), a myokine (Myostatin) and an acute-phase protein (CRP). For that, 24 young people were recruited into three groups: obese, athlete and lean. The obese group had high levels of body fat, an atypical lipid profile (low HDL and high LDL), high levels of lactate dehydrogenase in the blood indicating tissue damage, chronic inflammation (high IL-6, CRP and TWEAK) and low muscle mass (high Myostatin) without muscle damage (low CK). However, low serum levels of hepatic enzyme (AST and ALT) in these obese children do not associate obesity with liver disease. In other hand, intense physical exercise is not a harmfull activity for young athletes, since the lipid profile is improved and the increased levels of inflammatory markers is not significant. The main benefit of intensive training is the decreased levels of glucose being a protective role for diabetes.
A inatividade física é um dos principais riscos para a obesidade. Esta doença crónica resulta de um desiquilíbrio calórico causando um alargamento dos adipócitos através do excesso de armazenamento de gordura. Com um aumento da prevalência, a obesidade infantil correlaciona-se com a disfunção endotelial, inflamação e stress oxidativo, conduzindo ao desenvolvimento de outras doenças não só em criança, mas também durante a idade adulta. Por outro lado, muitas crianças praticam exercício de elevada duração ou intensidade em desportos de alta competição, o que pode ter efeitos prejudiciais a nível físico, fisiológico e psicológico. Em jovens atletas de alta competição, stress oxidativo e imunossupressão podem ocorrer levando ao elavado risco de infeção. No entanto, perfis lipídicos melhorados são encontrados em crianças atletas. Desta forma, o objetivo do presente estudo foi analizar o impacto da obesidade infantil bem como de treinos intensivos de natação na composição corporal, inflamação e perfil lipídico através de análises ao sangue, bioimpedância e imunodeteção de citocinas pró-inflamatórias (IL-6 e TWEAK), uma miocina (Miostatina) e uma proteina de fase aguda (CRP). Para tal, foram recrutados 24 jovens divididos em três grupos: obesos, atletas e normoponderais. O grupo de obesos apresentou elevados níveis de gordura corporal, um perfil lipídico atípico (baixo HDL e elevado LDL), níveis elevados de lactato desidrogenase no sangue indicando dano tecidual, inflamação crónica (elevado IL-6, CRP e TWEAK) e massa muscular diminuida (elevada Miostatina) sem dano muscular (baixo CK). No entanto os baixos níveis de enzimas hepáticas (AST e ALT) no soro não associam a obesidade com doença hepática. Por outro lado, o exercício físico intenso não é uma atividade prejudicial para os jovens atletas, uma vez que o perfil lipídico é melhorado e o aumento dos níveis de marcadores inflamatórios não é significativo. O principal benefício do treino intensivo é a diminuição dos níveis de glucose tendo um papel protetor para a diabetes.
Gandra, Paulo Guimarães 1980. "Análise proteômica das respostas agudas e crônicas ao exercício de endurance no músculo esquelético de ratos." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/314075.
Повний текст джерелаTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: A presente tese apresenta os resultados de dois estudos utilizando análise proteômica, sobre os efeitos agudos e crônicos do exercício de endurance no músculo de ratos. No primeiro estudo foram coletadas amostras de gastrocnemio de animais controle não exercitados, e exercitados em teste incremental de media duração em esteira ate a exaustão. Os ratos foram sacrificados 3h e 24h após o exercício. Utilizamos a abordagem clássica da análise proteômica quantitativa, que utiliza a eletroforese bidimensional (2DE) para separação das proteínas, e a espectrometria de massas para identificação destas proteínas. Seis spots apresentaram alterações significativas no volume relativo. Os spots identificados como gliceraldeido-3-fosfato desidrogenase, triose fosfato isomerase 1, subunidade beta da piruvato desidrogenase E1, carnitina palmitoil transferase 2 e HSC70 mostraram-se mais abundantes apos o exercício. Já o spot identificado como ?-actina mostrou-se menos abundante apos o exercício. Estes resultados sugerem que um único estímulo de endurance em animais destreinados não estimula a síntese de proteínas miofibrilares, mas sim de proteínas sarcoplasmáticas e mitocondriais. Essas alterações no músculo destreinado serviriam para precondicionar o músculo para realização de um exercício subsequente. No segundo estudo apresentamos a análise proteômica da porção vermelha (GV) e branca (GB) do gastrocnemio de ratos controle não treinados (C), de ratos bem adaptados ao exercício de endurance (T1), e de ratos treinados e submetidos a um período de overtraining (T2). Os ratos do grupo T2 foram subdivididos ainda em grupo overreaching funcional (FOR), que exibiram aumento ou manutenção do desempenho após o overtraining, e grupo overreaching não funcional (NFOR), cujo nível de desempenho estava diminuído apos o overtraining. Na comparação entre C, T1 e T2, 32 spots demonstraram alterações no GV e 22 no GB. No GV as maiores alterações ocorreram no grupo T2. As proteínas com aumento na abundancia indicam aumento da biogênese mitocondrial, da capacidade de captar lipídeos, maior capacidade antioxidante, maiores abundancia de chaperonas e transformação das fibras no sentido de rápidas para lentas, sugerindo que um período de overtraining e eficiente em adaptar o músculo esquelético. Já no GB as adaptações esperadas com o treinamento de endurance não foram aparentes. A diminuição da abundância de spots da aconitase sugere um maior ataque oxidativo no GB do que no GV. Após o estímulo crônico proteínas do miofilamento e de interação com o miofilamento e citoesqueleto demonstraram abundância alterada. No seu conjunto, nossos resultados sugerem que a resposta inicial do músculo a um único estimulo de endurance envolve um aumento inespecífico da capacidade de produção de ATP, enquanto a estimulação crônica aumenta somente a capacidade oxidativa, com uma concomitante diminuição da abundancia de proteínas glicoliticas. Além disso, chamam a atenção para um papel chave das mitocôndrias e proteínas dos miofilamentos e citoesqueleto no processo adaptativo e maldaptativo ao exercício.
Abstract: In the present work the acute and chronic changes in rat skeletal muscle in response to endurance exercise were investigated by proteomic analysis. The results are presented in two separated studies. In the first study gastrocnemius muscle were sampled from control non exercised animals and from animals exercised to exhaustion in an incremental manner in a treadmill. Exercised rats were sacrificed 3 and 24h after exercise cessation. We used the classic proteomic approach which utilizes two dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) to separate the proteins and mass spectrometry to identify these proteins. Six spots presented significant alterations in their relative volume. Spots identified as GAPDH, triose phosphate isomerase 1, beta subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase E1, carnitine palmitoil transferase 2 and HSC70 were up-regulated after exercise. The spot identified as ?-actin was down-regulated after exercise. This results suggests that one bout of endurance exercise in untrained muscle may stimulate sarcoplasmic and mitochondrial proteins synthesis but not myofibril proteins. Proteins presenting increased abundance after one single bout of endurance exercise may be important for the preconditioning of skeletal muscle for a subsequent exercise bout. In the second study we present the proteomic analysis of the red (RG) and white portion (WG) of gastrocnemius muscle sampled from rats well adapted to endurance exercise (T1), well trained and submitted to an overtraining period (T2) and from control non exercised rats (C). Rats from group T2 were also subdivided in a functional overreaching group (FOR) which is composed by rats demonstrating an enhanced or unchanged performance after the overtraining period or a non functional overreaching group (NFOR) which is composed by rats demonstrating decreased performance levels after the overtraining period. When comparing C, T1 and T2, 32 spots demonstrated altered abundance in RG and 22 in the WG. The main alterations in RG were observed in the T2 group and indicated increased mitochondrial biogenesis, increased capacity of lipid uptake, antioxidant capacity, chaperone function, and a shift of fiber type from a fast-glycolytic to a slow-oxidative pattern. All these changes demonstrated the efficiency of an intensified training period to adapt skeletal muscle. The expected adaptations to endurance training were not evident in WG and the results such as decreased aconitase spots volume suggest higher oxidative stress levels in WG than in RG during overtraining. Myofilament and myofilament interacting proteins abundance were altered after chronic endurance stimuli. The results presented here suggests that the initial response of skeletal muscle to one single bout of endurance exercise encompasses an nonspecific increase of ATP production capacity while chronic stimulation increases only the oxidative capacity with a concomitant decrease in glycolytic proteins abundance. Also the results draw attention to the roles of mitochondria and myofilament proteins in adaptation and maladaptation to endurance exercise.
Doutorado
Bioquimica
Doutor em Biologia Funcional e Molecular
Ueberschlag-Pitiot, Vanessa. "Régulation des fonctions musculaires par les glucocorticoïdes et les androgènes." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAJ041/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe use of glucocorticoids (GC) to treat inflammatory diseases or androgen antagonists for prostate cancer is limited by the occurrence of side effects such as muscle atrophy. As the underlying mechanisms were unclear, we characterized the effects of GC and androgens on muscle mass and function. Our results demonstrate that myofiber GC receptor negatively controls muscle mass by distinct actions under physiological and pharmacological levels of GC. Moreover, our data identified many genes and networks controlled by GC in myofibers. We also showed that androgens promote the gain in muscle performance during postnatal development via the improvement of specific maximal force and power. Thus, this study allowed to clarify the molecular and cellular mechanisms regulating muscle homeostasis, and paves the way to identify new therapeutic targets
Zanchi, Nelo Eidy. "Efeito da suplementação com leucina sobre a resposta atrófica da musculatura esquelética induzida pelo uso de dexametasona." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/39/39132/tde-09052011-100300/.
Повний текст джерелаDexamethasone (DEXA) is a potent immunosupressor and anti-inflammatory agent but presents side effects such as muscle atrophy and insulin resistance in skeletal muscles. In this context, leucine supplementation may represent a way to limit the DEXA side effects. In this study, we investigated the effects of a low and a high dose of leucine on muscle mass, on muscle strength as well as on several metabolic markers that are under insulin control in energy-restricted and DEXA-treated rats. Since leucine response may also be linked to the way of administration of this amino acid, we performed experiments with leucine given in a gavage versus leucine given in drinking water way. Leucine supplementation was found to spare muscle mass, voluntary medium strength and glucose homeostasis in energy restricted animals but the effect was observed only with the low dose/concentration of leucine. The leucine effect on muscle mass was associated with expression of genes involved in muscle remodeling. However, under DEXA treatment, leucine supplementation was found to aggravate the diabetogenic state. Lastly, the route of leucine administration was found to significantly influence this variable to this amino acid, where leucine supplemented via gavage demonstrated to be less deleterious than supplemented diluted in the water drink, concomitantly with DEXA treatment
Souza, Jacqueline Danesio de. "Efeito do azeite de oliva extravirgem e da dieta tradicional brasileira sobre parâmetros da sarcopenia em obesos graves: ensaio clínico randomizado e análise de fatores associados." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8730.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The study is part of a randomized, parallel clinical trial entitled "Effect of nutritional intervention and olive oil in severely obesity (DieTBra Trial)." The original articles seek to investigate sarcopenia in severe obese adults in terms of prevalence, factors associated with its diagnosis and the effectiveness of extra virgin olive oil and the traditional Brazilian diet as a dietary intervention. A total of 111 severe obese individuals (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 35.0 kg/m²) participated in the clinical trial, with a follow-up of 12 weeks and three intervention groups: Olive oil = extra virgin olive oil (52 mL/day); DieTBra = traditional Brazilian diet; DieTBra + Olive Oil = DieTBra + extra virgin olive oil (52 mL/day). Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (MMEA), measured in the total form (kg), adjusted by squared height (appendicular skeletal muscle mass index [IMMEA]) and by BMI (MMEA/BMI), strength of manual (FPM) and BMI adjusted (FPM/BMI), and walking speed. The prevalence calculation considered the cutoff points proposed in the literature and the calculation of -2 standard deviation (SD) of the mean value of the parameters of muscle mass evaluated in the study population. The ANOVA test was applied to evaluate the difference between the means of the parameters of second to the age group. The prevalence according to cutoff points proposed in the literature varied from 2.88% for IMMEA, 6.73% for total MMEA and 62.50% according to MMEA/BMI. When adopting - 2 SD below the mean of the study population, the prevalence was 2.88% for total MMEA and 3.85% for IMMEA and MMEA/BMI. Although no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) was found between the means of the parameters according to the age group, prevalence values higher than those previously demonstrated in the age group ≥ 40 years were observed. In the second article, the explanatory variables considered were age, lifestyle, health conditions, food consumption and biochemical tests. Those with p value < 0.20 in simple linear regression were included in multiple linear regression. Among the factors inversely associated with IMMEA are serum levels of tetraiodothyronine (T4) and smoking. MMEA/BMI was inversely associated with age, serum T4 levels and presence of diabetes. MMEA also remained inversely associated with serum T4 levels and diabetes. The reduction of FPM and FPM/BMI were associated with advancing age and presence of hypercholesterolemia. Already the low speed of march was associated with the presence of diabetes and hypothyroidism. The primary endpoint considered in the third article was the IMMEA and the secondary ones were: FPM, gait speed, MMEA/IMC, total MMEA, total body fat and percentage. In the endpoints and covariates analyzed, the delta was also calculated, which is the difference between the value of the end of follow-up and the baseline. Covariance analysis (ANCOVA) was performed to analyze the effect of covariates delta weight, delta physical activity, delta time of sedentary lifestyle, sex and age, on the outcomes. A significance level of 5% was adopted. After performing the ANCOVA, the covariates of the delta weight adjusted the following outcomes in the DieTBra intervention group: reduction of delta total body fat (p = 0.016), increase in delta walking speed (p = 0.042) and delta FPM (p = 0.044 ). And also for reduction of delta body fat in the DieTBra + Olive oil group (p = 0.004). When adjusted for the delta time of sedentary lifestyle, total body fat presented a significant reduction in the DieTBra + Olive oil group (p = 0.001). The prevalence of sarcopenia differed as different assessments were used for muscle mass, evidencing the need to standardize the criteria and cutoff points used in its classification. The factors associated with the evaluation parameters, evidenced the importance of the creation of clinical measures and public health aimed at the prevention of sarcopenia. The positive effects of DieTBra and DieTBra + Olive oil on the parameters of sarcopenia and adiposity, reveal the importance of the adequate evaluation, diagnosis and treatment of sarcopenia in adults with severe obesity.
O estudo está inserido no ensaio clínico, randomizado e paralelo, intitulado “Effect of nutritional intervention and olive oil in severely obesity (DieTBra Trial)”. Os artigos originais buscam investigar a sarcopenia em adultos obesos graves em termos de prevalência, fatores associados ao seu diagnóstico e a efetividade do azeite de oliva extravirgem e da dieta tradicional brasileira como intervenção dietética. Participaram do ensaio clínico 111 obesos graves (índice de massa corporal [IMC] ≥ 35,0 Kg/m²), com seguimento de 12 semanas e três grupos de intervenção: Azeite = azeite de oliva extravirgem (52 mL/dia); DieTBra = dieta tradicional brasileira; DieTBra + Azeite = DieTBra + azeite de oliva extravirgem (52 mL/dia). Foram considerados como parâmetros de avaliação da sarcopenia: massa muscular esquelética apendicular (MMEA), avaliada na forma total (kg), ajustada pela altura ao quadrado (índice de massa muscular esquelética apendicular [IMMEA]) e pelo IMC (MMEA/IMC), força de preensão manual (FPM) máxima e ajustada pelo IMC (FPM/IMC), e velocidade de marcha. O cálculo da prevalência considerou os pontos de corte propostos na literatura e o cálculo de -2 desvio padrão (DP) do valor médio dos parâmetros de massa muscular avaliados na população do estudo. O teste ANOVA foi aplicado para avaliar a diferença entre as médias dos parâmetros de segundo a faixa etária. A prevalência segundo pontos de corte propostos pela literatura variou de 2,88% por IMMEA, 6,73% pela MMEA total e 62,50% segundo MMEA/IMC. Ao adotar - 2 DP abaixo da média da população de estudo, a prevalência foi de 2,88% pela MMEA total e de 3,85% por IMMEA e MMEA/IMC. Embora não tenha sido estabelecida diferença estatística significante (p > 0,05) entre as médias dos parâmetros segundo a faixa etária, foi observado valores de prevalência superiores aos anteriormente demonstrados na faixa etária ≥ 40 anos. No segundo artigo, as variáveis explanatórias consideradas foram idade, estilo de vida, condições de saúde, consumo alimentar e exames bioquímicos. Aquelas com valor p < 0,20 na regressão linear simples foram incluídas na regressão linear múltipla. Dentre os fatores inversamente associados ao IMMEA está níveis séricos de tetraiodotironina (T4) e ser fumante. MMEA/IMC foi inversamente associado a idade, níveis séricos de T4 e presença de diabetes. A MMEA também se manteve inversamente associada a níveis sérico de T4 e diabetes. A redução da FPM e FPM/IMC foram associadas ao avançar da idade e presença de hipercolesterolemia. Já a baixa velocidade de marcha esteve associada com a presença de diabetes e hipotireoidismo. O desfecho primário considerado no terceiro artigo foi o IMMEA e os secundários foram: FPM, velocidade de marcha, MMEA/IMC, MMEA total, gordura corporal total e percentual. Nos desfechos e nas covariáveis analisadas calculou-se também o delta, que é a diferença entre o valor do final do seguimento e a linha de base. Foi realizada análise de covariância (ANCOVA) para analisar o efeito das covariáveis delta peso, delta atividade física, delta tempo de sedentarismo, sexo e idade, sobre os desfechos. Adotou-se nível de significância de 5%. Após realização da ANCOVA, a covariável delta peso ajustou os seguintes desfechos no grupo de intervenção DieTBra: redução do delta gordura corporal total (p = 0,016), aumento do delta velocidade de marcha (p = 0,042) e do delta FPM (p = 0,044). E ainda para redução do delta gordura corporal no grupo DieTBra + Azeite (p = 0,004). Quando ajustada pelo delta tempo de sedentarismo, a gordura corporal total apresentou redução significativa no grupo DieTBra + Azeite (p = 0,001). A prevalência de sarcopenia diferiu à medida que se empregou diferentes avaliações para massa muscular, evidenciando a necessidade de padronização dos critérios e pontos de corte empregados na sua classificação. Os fatores associados aos parâmetros de avaliação, evidenciaram a importância da criação de medidas clínicas e saúde pública direcionadas a prevenção da sarcopenia. Os efeitos positivos da DieTBra e DieTBra + Azeite sobre os parâmetros da sarcopenia e adiposidade, revelam a importância da adequada avaliação, diagnóstico e tratamento da sarcopenia em adultos com obesidade grave.
Sampson, Dayle Lorand. "Urinary biomolecular indicators of exercise-induced over exertion injury." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2013. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/62158/1/Dayle_Sampson_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаRerra, Anna-Isavella. "Genome-wide analyses of signaling pathways controlled by steroid receptors." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAJ059.
Повний текст джерелаAndrogens (ADs) and glucocorticoids (GCs) are steroid hormones exerting pleiotropic effects in mammals. Their effects are mediated by two nuclear receptors, the androgen (AR) and the glucocorticoid (GR) receptor, respectively. Although GCs are extensively used to treat inflammatory diseases and antiandrogens for prostate cancer, long-term treatments induce major side effects such as muscle atrophy.To determine the mechanisms underlying their effects in muscle, we performed phenotypic, transcriptomic and cistromic analyses. The first part of this work demonstrates that myofiber GR negatively controls muscle mass and strength under physiological GCs levels. GR loss in skeletal muscle did not affect catabolic pathways, but enhanced the expression of anabolic factors and reduced that of anti-anabolic ones. We also showed that myofiber GR binds DNA to GR response elements (GREs) located at enhancers, in association with Myod1 and Foxf2, and interact with promoter-bound factors such as Nrf1 to promote gene transcription.In the second part of this work, we compared GR cistromes and transcriptomes in prostate and skeletal muscle, and identified binding sites for additional transcription factors in the vicinity of GREs, indicating that they contribute to the tissue specificity. In addition, by comparing the AR and GR cistromes and transcriptomes in prostate, we show that the response elements bound by both receptors are distinct from those bound by either AR or GR, and that the receptor-selectivity depends mostly on the surrounding factors.Finally, we compared transcriptomic and epigenetic data of skeletal muscle tissue and C2C12 myoblasts and myotubes and provide a detailed description of genes, signaling pathways and transcription factors that are differentially expressed during myogenic differentiation.In conclusion, our work allowed to clarify the molecular mechanisms regulating muscle homeostasis and provides the basis of a molecular understanding of tissue- and/or promoter-specific activity of ADs and GCs
Yu, Solomon Ching Yeh. "Sarcopenia in older people." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/98712.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (Ph.D.) (Research by Publication) -- University of Adelaide, School of Medicine, 2014.
Hornberger, Troy Alan. "Regulation of skeletal muscle mass through stretch-induced signaling events." 2004. http://www.oregonpdf.org.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 172-194). Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.
Hsiao, Ya-Hsin, and 蕭亞欣. "The Relationship between Diet Quality and Skeletal Muscle Mass in Patients with Hemodialysis." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/uqnp5k.
Повний текст джерела長庚科技大學
護理系碩士在職專班
107
Hemodialysis is the most common type of dialysis replacement therapy—up to 90% of all dialysis patients in Taiwan. There are 40% to 75% hemodialysis patients have protein energy malnutrition (PEM), which is a common nutritional problem, and presentations of PEM include muscle mass. After long-term hemodialysis for 1year, patients lost 1.6kg of muscle mass, if they combined with malnutrition, inflammation, diabetes will accelerate the loss of muscle mass. muscle mass resulted in muscle weakness, impaired physical performance, high risk for falling and depression, poorer quality of life, and reduced survival. There are few studies in Taiwan explore correlation with diet quality, muscle mass and nutritional status in hemodialysis patients. This study aimed to explore physical activity, muscle mass and nutritional status correlate with demographics, clinical disease characteristics, and diet quality in hemodialysis patients. In the research based on the cross-sectional design and convenience sampling for 104 routine outpatient hemodialysis patients as the subjects form a hospital in the south Taiwan, during their weekly routine hemodialysis treatment, we will interview using a semi-structured questionnaires, included 4 items: demographics, clinical characteristics, diet quality, nutritional status and physical activity and estimating muscle mass by Body Composition Monitor (BCM; Fresenius Medical Care, Bad Homburg, Germany), for collected data. The results showed gender, age, vintage, FTI (fat tissue Index, FTI) and physical activity were predictive factor of muscle mass loss (p<.001), and gender, vintage and nutritional status was significantly correlated with normal muscle mass (p=.001). 59.6% of the patients with muscle mass were normal, 40.4% were lower, 64.4% of the patients were insufficient physical activity, 88.2% of the patients were well-nourished. 80.8% of the patients had poor diet quality, because 65.38% of the patients exceed saturated fat foods and had the lower components of vegetables and fruits. In summary, it can be known that more than half of the hemodialysis patients had insufficient physical activity. Our study recommended that hemodialysis patients should be encouraged to develop regular exercise habits for increasing physical activity to prevent the loss of muscle mass. In terms of diet quality, the nursing staff should teach patients to avoid eating foods rich in saturated fa. Hemodialysis patients need to limit intake of potassium, which affects intake of fruit, but there is no research to explore correlation between the intake of fresh fruits and vegetables and high blood potassium. Expecting to have relevant research and investigation in the future, as a reference for clinical nursing staff to correctly guide to improve the quality of diet.
Mak, Timothy. "Mechanisms that Jeopardize Skeletal Muscle Perfusion during Surgery." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/43125.
Повний текст джерелаBobbili, Naveen K. "Effects of maternal immunization against myostatin on skeletal muscle mass of offspring in mice." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20396.
Повний текст джерелаStandley, Robert A. "Investigations into the mechanism behind COX-inhibiting drug regulation of human skeletal muscle mass." 2012. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1675700.
Повний текст джерелаAccess to dissertation permanently restricted to Ball State community only.
School of Physical Education, Sport, and Exercise Science
Baumfalk, Dryden Ray. "Effects of prostate cancer and exercise training on left ventricular function and cardiac and skeletal muscle mass." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/39020.
Повний текст джерелаDepartment of Kinesiology
Brad J. Behnke
Prostate cancer is the most common type of non-skin cancer found in men and preliminary evidence suggests prostate cancer has atrophic effects on cardiac and left ventricle (LV) mass which are associated with reduced endurance exercise capacity in rats. Using a pre-clinical orthotopic model of prostate cancer, echocardiography was utilized to test the hypothesis that exercise training will mitigate prostate cancer induced-cardiac and skeletal muscle atrophy and improve LV function versus sedentary tumor-bearing counterparts. Methods: Dunning R-3327 AT-1 prostate cancer cells were injected orthotopically in male Copenhagen rats aged (n=39; ~5 mo. old). Animals were randomized into four groups, exercise-trained tumor-bearing (EXTB) or control (EXCON) and sedentary tumor-bearing (SEDTB), or control (SEDCON). Exercise training was performed via a rodent treadmill set at 15m/min with a 15° incline for 60 min/day for ~30 days. Animals underwent echocardiographic evaluation using the parasternal short axis view to examine ventricle dimensions pre-cancer or exercise (PRE) and 15 (Post 1) and 30 (Post 2) days post cancer cell injection and/or exercise training with tissues collected immediately after Post 2. Results: Cardiac and LV mass of SEDTB animals were significantly lower than all groups (p<0.05). Tumor mass was significantly negatively correlated with LV mass in EXTB (-0.75, p<0.02) and SEDTB animals (-0.72, p<0.02). EXCON group had significantly higher stroke volume Post 2 assessment compared to both sedentary groups (p<0.05), but not EXTB animals. Conclusion: The current investigation demonstrates prostate cancer independent of anti-cancer treatment significantly reduces cardiac mass, and LV mass as well as locomotor muscle masses. However, moderate intensity exercise training can mitigate cardiac and skeletal muscle atrophy with prostate cancer.
(8803271), Alita Frances Miller. "Identifying Extracellular Matrix Protein Dynamics in Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy for Regenerative Therapies." Thesis, 2020.
Знайти повний текст джерелаLee, Suk-Ho 1968. "Interaction of insulin like growth factor-1 and resistance training on skeletal muscle mass and function." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/736.
Повний текст джерелаLee, Suk-Ho. "Interaction of insulin like growth factor-1 and resistance training on skeletal muscle mass and function." 2002. http://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/736/lees026.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаHUANG, WEI-CHIH, and 黃威智. "Obesity and Skeletal Muscle Mass Indice Associations With Medical Service Utilization and Mortality in Older Taiwanese." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wtej2e.
Повний текст джерела國防醫學院
公共衛生學研究所
106
The elderly population and its prevalence of obesity have increased year by year. Various aspects of obesity may be assessed by anthropometry. With age body composition changes, body fat increases, and lean body mass, especially skeletal muscle mass decreases. Elderly with sarcopenic obesity, are more likely to be frail. A longitudinal study based on the 1999-2000 National Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan for adults 65 years of age or older has been linked to the National Health Insurance database until 2006 and the National Death Registration database until 2008. Obesity and skeletal muscle mass indices have been considered in relation to medical service utilization and mortality in this population. Generalized linear models with appropriate adjustments were used to assess differences in utilization and costs of medical service for elderly according to body composition. BMI or waist circumference and skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI) were combined (Q1= low SMMI group; Q2-Q4= high SMMI group), to explore the effect of obesity and low SMMI on medical service utilization and expenditure. The Cox proportional-hazards model was used to estimate the relative risk of mortality after adjusting for covariates. Regardless of index, obese elderly used more outpatient services (including chronic diseases) and incurred greater expenditure, and those who were underweight had longer hospitalization(days), used emergency services more often, and had greater total medical expenditure. Compared with the normal BMI-high SMMI group, the obese-low SMMI group had 29% (exp(β) = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.15-1.44) more expenditure on chronic disease. Compared with the non-abdominally obese and high SMMI group, the abdominally obese-low SMMI had 11% more outpatient services (exp(β) = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.06-1.16), 10% more chronic disease services (exp(β) = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03-1.17) and a 67% increase in risk of death (HR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.13-2.44). The underweight-low SMMI group had 84% more emergency attendances (exp(β) = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.41-2.39) and 96% more emergency expenditures (exp(β) = 1.96, 95%CI: 1.12-3.46) as well as double the hospitalization (exp(β) = 2.25, 95% CI: 2.10-2.42) and the total medical expenditure (exp(β) = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.58-2.87) along with triple the hospitalization expenditure (exp(β) = 3.18, 95% CI: 1.63-6.21) and the risk of death (HR: 2.73, 95% CI: 1.84-4.04). Taking BMI and waist circumference into account, the normal BMI-abdominally obese-low SMMI group had an increased the risk of death of 1.3 times (HR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.48-3.81). In conclusion, either obesity or underweight, in combination with low SMMI increase the risk of medical utilization and mortality in the elderly. Keywords: Medical utilization, Mortality, Older adults, Obesity indices, Sarcopenic obesity
Chang, Shu-wei, and 張書瑋. "Effect of Endurance Training and Calorie Restriction on Skeletal Muscle Mass and Energy Metabolism in Female Rats." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80228033086797183403.
Повний текст джерела國立臺南大學
體育學系碩士班
99
Purpose:This study investigated the effect of endurance training and calorie restriction on skeletal muscle mass and energy metabolism in female rats for 8 weeks. Method:48 female Wistar rats(7 weeks)were randomly divided into four groups(n=12 in each group):low intensity (70% VO2max) endurance training(LIT), high intensity (85% VO2max) endurance training(HIT), control group(CON) and diet control group(DCON). Exercise groups received treadmill training for 8 weeks:60 minutes a day and 5 days a week. For calorie restriction, DCON group were daily fed 80%-90% of exercise groups. Weights were recorded twice a week. Measured muscle weight and assayed activity of citrate Synthase (CS), 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (β-HAD), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and phosphofructokinase (PFK) after experiment for each group. Recorded data was analyzed by One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare weight, muscle weight and enzyme activity. Results:DCON group was significantly lower than HIT group, LIT group and CON group(p<.05)after 2th weeks. For muscle weight, Soleus (SOL) weight of DCON group was significantly lower than other 3 groups(p<.05);Extensor digitorum longus (EDL) weight of DCON group was significantly lower than LIT and HIT groups. On the part of skeletal muscle energy metabolism enzyme, there was no significant effect in CS, β-HAD, LDH and PFK activity of SOL, and no significant effect in CS, β-HAD and PFK activity of EDL, either. DCON group is higher than HIT group(p<.05)in LDH activity. Conclusion:Calorie restriction lower weight in female rats. In addition, there wasn’t significant effect in endurance training to increase energy metabolism enzyme activity in skeletal muscle. However, calorie restriction increased LDH activity in EDL.
HSU, HSIN-YUN, and 許馨云. "Association between low skeletal muscle mass index, body indexes and biochemical indexes-A case of NHANES database." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wc45k9.
Повний текст джерела國防醫學院
公共衛生學研究所
106
Background: As time went on, the social age structure change. Low skeletal muscle has already become one of important topic for ages healthy, but this syndrome may happen to the young people who body fat ratio too high. This study expects examining low skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI) through Anthropometric and biochemical values, which are more accessible and economical. Aim to find out which body position indexes or biochemical indexes are able to evaluate skeletal muscle mass. Method: Use 2001-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) open database, find out which body position indexes or biochemical indexes about low SMMI. The low SMMI test result is by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), explore the association between low skeletal muscle mass index, body indexes and biochemical indexes. Results: The result shows in five body indexes, four body indexes have high Pearson correlation with SMMI, p-value<0.001, however, biochemical indexes are not ideal, only insulin’s Pearson correlation have 0.4, p-value<0.001. Linear multiple regression shows the SMMI increase with arm circumference, maximal calf circumference, thigh circumference and waist circumference increase every 1 cm, the triceps skinfold have negative effect to SMMI in man. In woman, the arm circumference, maximal calf circumference and thigh circumference have a positive effect to SMMI, the waist circumference and triceps skinfold have negative effect to SMMI. Logistic regression shows arm circumference, maximal calf circumference and thigh circumference are protected factor to a man, arm circumference and triceps skinfold are protected factor to a woman. Conclusion: The body indexes could be SMMI’s good evaluation index, biochemical indexes only insulin more suitable to evaluate SMMI, consider the accessible, economically and safely, totally as the body indexes a focus to evaluate SMMI. Non-Hispanic black’s muscle mass possible higher than other races, muscle strength training could be very significant influences effect to muscle mass.
Moore, Cameron. "Muscle Quantity and Quality after Chronic Spinal Cord Injury: An investigation of calfmuscle cross-sectional area and density after long-term paralysis." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/8484.
Повний текст джерелаSmith, Graeme. "Dietary and exercise manipulation of skeletal muscle function in older humans." Thesis, 2010. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/16011/.
Повний текст джерелаHUANG, YA-JHEN, and 黃雅貞. "Homocysteine Concentration and its Metabolic-related Nutrients (Vitamins B-2, B-6, B-12 and Folate) with Low Skeletal Muscle Mass in the Elderly." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/m5kn4m.
Повний текст джерела國防醫學院
公共衛生學研究所
106
Background: Sarcopenia is the degenerative loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength associated with aging; neurodegenerative diseases and sleep may affect the development of sarcopenia. Abnormal metabolism of homocysteine (Hcy) leads to poor sleep and increases the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. In this regard, the relationship between Hcy and its metabolic-related nutrients (vitamins B-2, B-6, B-12 and folate) with sarcopenia may be relevant. Aim: To assess whether the Hcy metabolic pathway or its related nutrients are associated with skeletal muscle mass in elderly Taiwanese. Study design: Cross-sectional population-based study. Methods: Participants were those in the Elderly Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan (1999-2000) (n=1204). Skeletal muscle mass (SMM) index [SMMI= SMM (kg) /height (m2)] was used to identify sarcopenia. Those with the lowest 25% SMMI value (Q1), who were known to have a higher risk of death, were classified as the low SMMI group and the rest of the population as the high SMMI group. SUDAAN was used to weight and adjust for the design effects of cluster sampling. Logistic regression was used to ascertain any association between plasma Hcy concentration and related nutrients with low SMMI. Results: The risk of low SMMI in men who were clinically vitamin B-6 deficient was 1.07 times more than their non-deficient counterparts (95% CI=1.18- 3.62, p=0.013). Hcy concentration and vitamin B-6 and B-12 nutritional status in men showed a J-shaped risk for low SMMI when Hcy and related nutrients were grouped by quintiles. This finding may be caused by illness or treatment of the disease. However, after consideration of each disease (sensitivity analyses), the risk of low SMMI in vitamin B-2 deficiency men was 1.87 times more than when non-deficient (p=0.041); the risk of the low SMMI with vitamin B-6 deficiency was 2 times more than when non-deficient (p=0.046). Findings for women were not concordant with those for men. Conclusion: Vitamin B-2 and B-6 status in older men are independently associated with SMMI. Although associations were not evident between vitamin B-12 or folate and SMMI, they may still operate indirectly through the Hcy metabolic pathway. However, there is no evidence that plasma Hcy concentration or vitamin B group status are independently associated with SMMI in older women, perhaps because of unmeasured confounding factors.
Danaher, Jessica. "Metabolic mechanisms of the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene." Thesis, 2016. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/34710/.
Повний текст джерелаFarr, Trevor M. "The effects of muscle mass, digoxin and high-intensity interval training on arterial and venous [K+], excitability and fatigue during and after intense exercise." Thesis, 2019. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/40219/.
Повний текст джерелаKADEŘÁBKOVÁ, Hana. "Úbytek svalové hmoty - sarkopenie u seniorů." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-395377.
Повний текст джерелаCampelj, Dean G. "Unravelling the mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced cachexia and the potential of mitoprotective therapeutic strategies." Thesis, 2021. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/42914/.
Повний текст джерелаNobre, João Pedro Mendes. "Aptidão musculoesquelética e fraturas ósseas recorrentes em idades pediátricas." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19343.
Повний текст джерелаThis study aimed to compare muscle and bone capacity among young people with and without recurrent bone fracture. Methodology: The sample included 534 participants of both genders (247 girls and 277 boys). Body composition, namely fat mass, lean mass and bone mass were evaluated by DXA. Muscle fitness was assessed in the upper limbs by grip strength and in the lower limbs by muscular strength and power with a jumping platform, and by the vertical and horizontal jumping distance. Bone fractures were assessed by questionnaire. Results: Girls with recurrent bone fractures were found to have lower appendicular lean mass index and lower limb muscle power than girls with no bone fracture. In boys, there was a tendency for bone fragility at femoral neck level in those with recurrent bone fractures, but no differences in muscle fitness or lean mass were found between boys and boys without previous bone fracture. Conclusion: In order to prevent recurrent bone fracture, muscle fitness including appendicular lean mass should be developed in young people aged 10 to 17, especially girls.
Quitério, Ana Luísa Dias. "The biological variability of body composition of children and adolescent athletes engaged on different sports." Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3542.
Повний текст джерелаThe chemical maturity does not occur until postpubescence is reached, and in young athletes, due to the biological phenomena occurring with exercise, there are dynamic fluctuations of body components beyond the natural growing process. The use of multi-component models is recommended instead of two-component approaches, dividing body weight into body fat and FFM. The limitations of body composition methods that do not account for the variability of the FFM may be also partially overcome by using age- and gender-specific constants of FFM components, although among young athletes, there is lack of these specific constants. The current dissertation assembled data of young Portuguese athletes, aged 8-18 years. Overall, it was demonstrated that: 1)the specific constants of FFM hydration developed by Lohman provide valid total body water estimates; 2)muscle mass can be accurately predicted using newly developed anthropometric equations; 3)there is a dose-dependent relationship between weekly training hours and molecular and cellular components, above 9 hrs/wk, independently of sports; 4)bone and lean mass molecular components are associated with participation in anaerobic and high impact sports, while body cell mass is related with an aerobic and non-gravitational sport; 5)young male competitive swimmers do not differ from non-athletic age-matched controls in bone mineral status.
A maturidade química não ocorre até que a pós-adolescência é alcançada, e em jovens atletas, devido aos fenómenos biológicos consequentes do exercício, existem flutuações dinâmicas das componentes corporais para além do processo de crescimento. O uso de modelos multi-compartimentais é recomendado no lugar de abordagens a dois-compartimentos. As limitações dos métodos de avaliação da composição corporal que não controlam para a variabilidade da massa magra (MM) podem também ser parcialmente ultrapassadas usando constantes das componentes da MM específicas para a idade e género, embora para jovens atletas, haja falta destas constantes. A presente dissertação reúne dados de atletas portugueses, com 8-18 anos. Globalmente, foi demonstrando que: 1)as constantes de hidratação desenvolvidas por Lohman fornecem estimativas precisas da água corporal; 2)a massa muscular pode ser estimada de forma precisa usando novas equações antropométricas; 3)existe uma relação dose-resposta entre as horas de treino e as componentes celular e molecular, acima das 9 horas por semana, independentemente da modalidade; 4)a massa óssea e magra estão associadas à participação em desportos anaeróbios e de impacto, enquanto que a massa celular a desportos aeróbios e sem impacto; 5)jovens nadadores de competição não diferem nos níveis de massa óssea de um grupo controlo composto por não-atletas.
Křivánková, Jana. "Změny nutričního stavu během vysokodávkované chemoterapie u vybraných hematoonkologických onemocnění." Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-451056.
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