Дисертації з теми "Appartenance (psychologie sociale) – À l'école"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-26 дисертацій для дослідження на тему "Appartenance (psychologie sociale) – À l'école".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте дисертації для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
Gul, Birsen. "Les effets de la privation relative sur l’engagement scolaire et l'estime de soi des adolescents : étude du rôle des facteurs sociaux." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UCFAL010.
Повний текст джерелаBased on the Psychological Disengagement Model (PDM) (e.g., Martinot et al., 2020; Tougas et al., 2005, 2010; Tougas & Beaton, 2008), the present research program examines the consequences of a context of relative deprivation on psychological disengagement (discounting of academic grades and devaluing of school), different dimensions of school engagement, and self-esteem among adolescents. Our main hypothesis is that students experiencing relative deprivation (egoistic, personal, or fraternalistic), due to unfavorable teacher behavior (studies 1 and 4), belonging to a disadvantaged social background (study 2), or social rejection by peers (Study 3), should disengage more psychologically and academically than students not experiencing such deprivation. This should in turn should be detrimental to their self-esteem. Study 1 shows that an imagined experience of relative deprivation in conjunction with unfavorable teacher behavior can lead to devaluing of school. Study 2 shows that an experience of relative deprivation related to belonging to a disadvantaged social background leads to disengagement from school via a decrease in perceived control. Disengagement from school, in turn, negatively affects adolescents' self-esteem. Study 3 shows the experience of relative deprivation in conjunction with social rejection by peers leads to academic disengagement via a decreased sense of social affiliation. Disengagement from school, in turn, negatively affects adolescents' self-esteem. Finally, Study 4 shows that an experience of relative deprivation in conjunction with unfavorable teacher behavior leads to school disengagement via a decrease in perceived social support from peers. Disengagement from school, in turn, negatively affects adolescents' self-esteem. Through these 4 studies, we were also able to highlight that not all experiences of relative deprivation have the same deleterious effects. It is the experiences of egoistic and personal relative deprivation that lead to more disengagement and lower self-esteem compared to an experience of fraternalistic relative deprivation. Finally, an imagined experience of equality among all students is the situation that most protects students from academic disengagement as well as their self-esteem. Overall, our results open up interesting avenues for reflection on the advantages that belonging to a group can provide, even if the group is disadvantaged, and in particular the benefical presence of peers when students are faced with a context of relative deprivation. The same can be said for the benefits of an egalitarian context at school
Sgro, Nathalie. "Le rejet dogmatique d'autrui : analyse des fonctionnements cognitifs et appartenance idéologique." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CLF20005.
Повний текст джерелаVoigt, Sabine. "Appartenance de groupe et dilution des stéréotypes : une affaire d'appartenance ou d'homogénéité ?" Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05H005.
Повний текст джерелаDilution of stereotypes describes the tendency to depart from stereotypes when people have to judge a specific target person on the basis of his category membership and some nondiagnostic individuating information. Dilution depends on different factors like type of non diagnostique information or number of judgments requested. Theses factors don't have the same importance according to the theories trying to explain the phenomen (representativeness heuristic vs social judgeability). The studies presented in this thesis are questioning the role played by group membership and intracategoriel homogeneity over the dilution effect. Finally, our studies confirm the role played by homogeneity. However, social judgment seems also depend on group membership
Tiacoh-Gbato, Georgette. "Le rôle de la niche socioculturelle dans l'adaptation psychosociale de l'enfant à l'école maternelle." Toulouse 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU20103.
Повний текст джерелаContemporary research in developmental psychology underscores the need for empirical measures of social and cultural factors that influence the construction of the person, taking into account the great diversity in individual psychological adaptation. Such a research agenda becomes even more complex when we consider children growing-up in inter-cultural environments. The ecological model of human development requires tracking prise a multitude of systemic variables, as well as potential interactions, to account for growth and development of the child. It is from within this general conceptual framework, that the present research examines the psychological adaptation of preschool children in terms of their socio-cultural niche of development. The systemic and ecological approach to the study of children's adjustment in the preschool setting requires a multivariate analysis that captures the dynamic interplay of the family and schol contexts. Multivariate analysis of participant obsevartions were used to explore quantitative and qualitative aspects of psychological adaptation in the preschool setting. Five primary modes of social adjustment were identified. Children were characterized as; "turbulent", "dominant", "friendly", "timid" or "withdrawn". In parallel, combined measures of the family setting, maternal cultural anchoring and maternal educational practices, revealed three distinct ecological niches. Finally, multivariate analysis were used to elaborate three predictive model of the modulation of patterns of social adaptation. Empirical measures of the socio-cultural niche significantly discriminated between "adjusted children" and "children at risk" for problems in the preschool seting. The elaboration of such a family based model is especially relevant for efforts aimed at early detection of developmental fragility as a prerequisite for prevention programmes focusing on early intervention
Gheloube, Florence. "Les processus cognitifs de la compréhension des enfants gabonais selon l'école fréquentée, la classe sociale et le sexe : étude longitudinale." Montpellier 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON30030.
Повний текст джерелаIn this work we suggest studying the understanding of Gabonese children (152 participants on the whole) by means of a set of theories to which we refer. We are more particularly interested in the study of the levels of representation (Surface structure, Base of text, Model of situation) of Kintsch and van Dijk (1988), in the study the capacity of semantic integration of Bransford and Franks (1971), in the study of the capacity of inhibition of Gernsbacher (1990), and in the study of the capacity to resist to the interference of Stroop (1935). The pursued purpose is triple. At first, through a longitudinal study, we wanted to know if there was a link between the frequented type of school and the processes and which contribute to the understanding. Our second objective was to know, with the other participants that those of the first series of experiments, if these processes were sensitive to the social class from which arise the pupils. Finally, in the third time, with the other participants that those of the previous experiments, we wanted to know that it was the level of representation of these pupils in French and in their mother tongue (fang). The obtained results allowed to put in evidence for the first series of experiments that for the first series of experiments, the processes under jacents in the understanding evolve with the age. For the second series of experiment, an effect connected to the social class for the access to the model of situation. And, finally an influence of French on the mother tongue (fang). Besides, the meditative data show an absence of effect connected to the types of frequented school and to the sex whatever is the studied process. It reveals as well an absence of effect connected to the social class for the capacity of semantic integration, the capacity of inhibition and the capacity to resist to the interference. In the term of our work we suggest some tracks of researches, and the sketch of an educational project allowing to every teacher to estimate the capacity of understanding of the pupils
Auriac-Slusarczyk, Emmanuèle. "Discuter, Argumenter, Raisonner, à l'école primaire. Note de synthèse, Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches, Domaine : Psychologie sociale de l'Education." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Nancy II, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00608767.
Повний текст джерелаApril, Elodie. "Vulnérabilités croisées à l’adolescence : l’influence du sentiment d’appartenance à l’école, du genre et du vécu d’intimidation sur la présence des symptômes dépressifs." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68767.
Повний текст джерелаMental health issues are common in adolescents and can have a lasting negative impact ontheir overall health. Several risk factors for depressive symptoms in this population are wellknown, such as being a girl or being bullied. School connectedness appears to be a protective factor in adolescents’ depressive symptoms. However, its positive impact among vulnerable groups remains unknown. This master’s thesis has three distinct objectives. The first one isto assess the influence of school connectedness on depressive symptoms among adolescents.The second is to see if its influence varies among vulnerable groups, such as girls, victims of bullying and those who combine these two vulnerabilities. The third is to examine the hypothetical relative impact whether public health interventions aimed at increasing school connectedness, eliminating bullying or eliminating the gender gap could achieve on significant depressive symptoms based on the associations found above. To answer these questions, datafrom COMPASS-Quebec’s 2017-2018 cohort of 17,367 students from 37 high schools in Eastern Quebec were used ( Chapter 1). The results suggest that the students’ reported school connectedness has a protective influence on their depressive symptoms and its influence appears evengreater among young people cumulating vulnerabilities, such as bullied girls. However, evenwith the highest school connectedness scores, this influence may not be sufficient in the mostat-risk students for depressive symptoms.
Bonetto, Eric. "Représentations sociales et identité sociale : le rôle des représentations sociales et de leur structure dans l'affiliation au groupe." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0282.
Повний текст джерелаThe observation of Jahoda (1988) about the lack of test of the theory of social representations remains relevant about the identity features of SRs. This PhD thesis is particularly interested in the role of these representations in the affiliation to the group. In this perspective, it takes place at the articulation between the structural approach to social representations and the social identity perspective. Twelve studies test different hypotheses in the framework of this articulation. Studies 1a (N = 324) and 1b (N = 268) are interested in the potential effect of the structure of social representations on group identification. Studies 2, 3a and b, 4a and b (from N = 143 to N = 358) are interested in the potential role of SRs in the recognition of group members and in their prototypicality. Studies 3a and b, 4a and b, 5a and b (from N = 161 to N = 358) explore the social value of social representations. Finally, studies 6a, b and c (from N = 49 to N = 52) deal with perceived sharedness in the structural approach to social representations. The consequences for the theory of social representations of theinconsistent results observed are discussed in the light of Popper’s and Lakatos’ epistemological considerations. Different research perspectives are also presented, some being accompanied of empirical studies
Pierret, Régis. "Les enfants de harkis, entre double rejet et triple appartenance : une construction identitaire est-elle possible ?" Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0003.
Повний текст джерелаThis sociologic work relates the identity-building process of the Harkis children. Harkis were French Muslims (auxiliary) fighting for France during the Algerian independance war. In a post-colonial context we want to demonstrate that they are not only subjected to the same problems as the second generation of Algerian immigrants : they were and are victims of racism from the French, but they also have a specific problem : they are bannished from the Algerian community (both in France and in Algeria) for whom they remain sons of traitors. Nevertheless, Harkis children, beyond the double rejection (banishment, racism) show a triple affiliation : belonging to French society, the Algerian community and the Harkis community. We will also show how they deal with triple affiliation and double rejection. For this, we distinguish by gender and we utilize categories unusual in sociology : the "subject", the "non-subject", the "anti-subject" and the "hyper-subject"
Nanéma, Jacques. "Communauté et solitude chez Nietzsche : Nietzsche, philosophe à part (entière) ! ?" Nice, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NICE2035.
Повний текст джерелаNietzsche refused to be considered as a metaphysician but this in no way implies his uprooting from the field of philosophy. Despite heidegger's opinion, this paradox (i. E. To be a philosopher, but not to be a metaphysician) serves the platonian theory of "gigantomachia" in the same way as Nietzsche thwarted the two kinds of excesses described by Pascal : either idolizing reason or rejecting it. His being a full-fledged philosopher did not eclipse the oddness of his thinking. Nietzsche successfully transferred his ambiguous germanism to the philosophical level. According to him, "being a good german paradoxically implies some degree of freedom from germanism" on the individual's part. Thus, the "free mind" (i. E. Released of all ideological slavery) draws and reproduces, in the area of thought, the fading portrait of the homeless traveler in the social existence. Nietzsche's life and thought are so inextricably intertwined that a time-consuming interpretation is highly preferable to any biased reading. Ranging from Heidegger to the french schools, Nietzsche's philosophy is often interpreted in an exclusive and ideological way. Some consider it as the ultimate achievement of platonism even though this metaphysics was constantly mocked by nietzsche himself. While others suggest such an exaggerated discrepancy between his outlook and the philosophical tradition that he is finally labelled either a politician, a mystic thinker or a deranged individual. This following study proposes to highlight and to question these two kinds of caricatures; then to bring out the general feeling of discom fort inherent to the interpretation of nietzsche's thought. It should be read as a way of calling hasty reader's attention to prudence and patience. Consequently, an ideal reading should go beyound the interpreter's bad faith, dogmatism or exegetic arrogance to understand how the nietzschean dispute is paradoxically (and musically) rooted in the philosophical tradition
Leys, Christophe. "Normes émotionnelles et jugement social: étude de l'influence de la perception du sentiment de culpabilité d'un transgresseur sur les processus d'attribution d'une peine en fonction de son appartenance culturelle." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209949.
Повний текст джерелаIls ont accepté de résumer pour Justice-en-ligne le fruit de leurs recherches.
Le sentiment de culpabilité est essentiel dans le cadre d’un jugement parce qu’il induit celui qui la ressent à réparer son tort, que ce soit symboliquement, par des excuses, ou concrètement par des actes, comme le remboursement des dommages occasionnés.
Une première étude a montré qu’un prévenu, pris en flagrant délit, se sentant coupable sera moins sévèrement condamné que s’il ne se sent pas coupable, car il est perçu comme plus sociable, que son délit a tendance à être attribué à des circonstances externes, et qu’il semble moins susceptible de récidiver. Dans une seconde approche nous avons voulu savoir si l’influence des sentiments de culpabilité et de colère était la même en fonction de l’origine ethnique du prévenu, belge ou maghrébine. Lorsque l’on teste la présence ou l’absence de culpabilité et de colère, on obtient quatre comportements possibles du prévenu, qui peut :
se sentir coupable et ne pas être en colère ;
se sentir coupable et être en colère ;
ne pas se sentir coupable ni être en colère ;
ne pas se sentir coupable et être en colère.
Le premier et le dernier comportement sont attendus :la culpabilité va de pair avec une absence de colère et inversement. Par contre, la présence conjointe de culpabilité et de colère, ou l’absence de culpabilité et de colère sont des comportements surprenants. Dans le cas d’un prévenu belge, les comportements attendus conduisent à une sanction sévère, alors que les comportements surprenants conduisent à une peine plus modérée. Paradoxalement, exprimer de la culpabilité et pas de colère n’est donc pas une stratégie payante pour le prévenu car elle revient à reconnaître les faits sans évoquer de circonstances atténuantes. En revanche, un prévenu qui se sent coupable mais qui est en colère contre la société induit l’idée qu’il a compris sa transgression, mais que des circonstances atténuantes l’excusent partiellement.
Dans le cas d’un prévenu maghrébin, la situation diffère légèrement. Les Maghrébins souffrent de deux stéréotypes culturels (c’est-à-dire des croyances répandues dans la société à propos de leur groupe) négatifs à propos de ces émotions :ils sont perçus comme se mettant facilement en colère et comme se sentant rarement coupables. Il semble que les participants soient influencés, consciemment ou non, par ces stéréotypes. La condition cohérente, qui joint l’absence de culpabilité à la présence de colère conduit, comme pour le prévenu belge, à une peine sévère. Rien d’illogique :si un prévenu ne se sent pas coupable et de plus se rebelle, il ne doit pas s’attendre à de la clémence. Par contre, les deux conditions inattendues qui mènent à une peine moins sévère au prévenu belge n’ont pas cet effet chez le prévenu maghrébin. Tout se passe comme si, dès qu’il agit en accord avec ne fût-ce qu’un des stéréotypes négatifs de son groupe, il est puni sévèrement. Dès lors, s’il ressent de la colère ou qu’il ne se sent pas coupable, la peine est sévère. Par contre, lorsqu’il contredit ces stéréotypes, qu’il se sent coupable et n’est pas en colère, il est moins sévèrement puni. De toutes les conditions, Belges et Maghrébins confondus, c’est la situation qui conduit à la peine la plus basse. Il semble que, pour les prévenus maghrébins, les participants ne se soient pas tant centrés sur l’attribution de facteurs externes que sur une autre dimension, non pertinente chez un prévenu belge :le niveau d’intégration à la culture belge. Un maghrébin qui se sent coupable et n’est pas en colère est perçu comme bien intégré à la culture belge et moins condamné.
Peut-on parler de discrimination ?
Dans l’état actuel des recherches, il n’est pas question de discrimination, mais bien de raisonnements différents. Pour pouvoir invoquer la discrimination, il faudrait mettre en évidence plusieurs éléments :d’une part, ces études concernent essentiellement un échantillon de personnes qui ne sont pas magistrats, bien qu’une partie de l’échantillon était formée au droit. Même si aucune différence n’a été observée entre cet échantillon et le reste des participants, formés à d’autres disciplines que le droit, il se peut que les magistrats aient développé, par l’expérience, des stratégies de contrôle de ces effets.
D’autre part, la peine dépend avant tout du comportement émotionnel ;dès lors, si l’on imagine une situation dans laquelle tous les prévenus réagissent sans se sentir coupables et en étant en colère, la peine sera uniformément sévère quelle que soit l’origine. Par contre, si tous les prévenus réagissaient en se sentant coupables et en n’étant pas en colère, nos études sugèrent que ce sont les prévenus belges qui seraient discriminés. Les prévenus maghrébins seraient également discriminés si, par exemple, tous les prévenus réagissaient de manière inattendue. Mais nous n’avons que peu d’informations sur ces comportements lors des procès.
Quelques données supplémentaires
Outre les expériences, quelques observations de terrain ont soulevé des points qui peuvent alimenter le débat. Trois approches ont été réalisées :l’observation de procès, l’entretien avec des ex-détenus et l’entretien avec des magistrats. Les deux premières visaient avant tout à investiguer la gestion des émotions en fonction de l’origine culturelle. Les prévenus d’origine maghrébine ont-ils tendance à se sentir plus ou moins coupables que les prévenus d’origine belge ?Existe-t-il des différences culturelles quant aux normes relatives à la présentation d’excuses lorsque l’on a commis un délit ?Tous les prévenus ont-ils les moyens d’observer des rituels d’excuses complexes ?
L’observation de nombreux procès révèle une corrélation très forte entre les aptitudes linguistiques perçues du prévenu et sa tendance à présenter des excuses. Plus un prévenu éprouve des difficultés à s’exprimer en français, moins les stratégies d’excuses seront utilisées. A l’inverse, les Belges semblent s’excuser plus souvent, presque systématiquement même, dès lors qu’ils ne nient pas les faits.
Les ex-détenus, indépendamment de leur origine, ne se sentent a priori jamais coupables des délits qui leur ont été reprochés. Par contre, certains disent avoir présenté des excuses au tribunal. La culpabilité, lorsqu’elle était ressentie, concernait plutôt les conséquences du délit, comme les difficultés financières auxquelles étaient confrontées les familles des détenus, la violence imprévue durant les faits, ou encore, pour un cas, le délit lui-même (vente de stupéfiant) mais justifié par le fait que l’ex-détenu était toxicomane lors des faits. Il en ressort que, dans la plupart des cas, une justification morale avait déjà été trouvée lorsque les faits ont été commis, ce qui pose la question de l’intérêt d’un éventuel repentir et de l’impact qu’il faudrait lui donner sur la peine.
Les magistrats pensent pour la plupart qu’ils sont influencés par les émotions comme le seraient le commun des mortels. Seul un magistrat estime que l’expérience permet aux magistrats de maîtriser cet effet. Cependant, aucun ne peut quantifier l’importance de l’effet sur la peine. Certains l’estiment fort limité, d’autres plus important.
Conclusions
Ces recherches et observations posent les questions suivantes :doit-on prendre en compte, de manière contrôlée voire légiférée, l’effet des émotions comme la culpabilité sur la peine et, si oui, comment ?Dans certains pays, comme le Japon, les excuses ne peuvent pas être prises en compte. En effet, un prévenu s’excusera dans 99 % des cas, simplement parce que les normes de l’honneur l’imposent. Dès lors, alors que les excuses pourraient être interprétées comme un aveu de la transgression, elles ne sont pas autorisées car même un innocent pourrait s’excuser normativement. A quelles conclusions arriverions-nous si nous devions lever ce débat en Belgique ?
Doctorat en Sciences Psychologiques et de l'éducation
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
De, Villartay Sophie. "Consommateurs et salariés face à une crise de réputation d'entreprise : une lecture par le contrat psychologique et l'identification organisationnelle." Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01E035.
Повний текст джерелаWhile there is an abundance of literature on reputation in the management sciences, the effects ofcorporate reputation crises on stakeholders have to be explored. Researches on the effects of thesecrises on employees are limited, and the phenomenon is still poorly understood among consumers. Theaim of this thesis is to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms and factors that amplify the crisisfor each of these two stakeholders. We propose to mobilize the analytical framework of thepsychological contract and organizational identification to better understand the phenomenon. In linewith the work of Fournier (1998) and Macneil (1980), a first study describes the mechanisms andperceptual dynamics of the business-customer relationship after negative information in the media: therupture, then the perceived or not perceived violation, of the psychological contract can explain whythe reputation crisis does not always lead to a change in consumer attitudes. A second research projectpresents the results of a qualitative study on a company subject to reputation damage and examines theway in which current employees integrate the reputation crisis into their psychological contract. Theanalysis reveals that organisational identification of employees could be a factor that amplifies theviolation of the psychological contract. These latter findings are quantitatively tested and confirmed ina third research study. Finally, our thesis provides Marketing and Human Resources departments withoperational tools to diagnose the reputation crisis, through an identification of the factors amplifyingthe crisis among employees and customers
Palé, Augustin. "Processus migratoire et identité Lobi." Nice, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NICE2010.
Повний текст джерелаThis study is an attempt to probe into the issue of identity and to stress its relationship with migratory manifestations, namely by restricting attention to the Lobi (a west-african ethnic group well-known for its propensity for migration, which, besides, accounts for its presence in the southern region of Côte d'Ivoire). We have brought into light the sociocultural, territorial and symbolic strategies which allow the parties involved in this migratory phenomenon to cultivate a sense of belonging to two separate communities. This cultivation - so to speak -, brings in turn some kind of cultural differentiation which makes the word "identity" pregnant with complex meaning
Rua, Linda. "Les réseaux sociaux au cœur du pouvoir : les élites en question." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLED069.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis explores one of the potential impediments to the development of Madagascar, which has been experiencing a recession and recurrent socio-political crises for sixty years: relations between the elites. Elites’ integration is indeed considered as essential to the stability of democratic regimes. Using a database of unprecedented scope and comprehensiveness, and innovative techniques, we analyse the structure of the global elites’ network and show that elites are globally integrated, but in a very unequal way. Some elite groups (especially those with the most modest social backgrounds) are on the margins of this network; while the most influential and socially advantaged elites hold a privileged place and prefer "keep to themselves". This type of integration has never been described before in the literature. By examining the distribution of elites’ ego-networks, we also find that, despite perceptible signs of compensation for social disadvantages by the network, these disadvantages are reflected in the inequal access to the elite networks. Our results validate the hypothesis of amplification of inequalities by network and show that amplification is partly due to homophilous behaviours and elitist associations and clubs. Finally, we show that these inequalities of access to and integration into the elite network result in unequal access to the highest positions of power. The elite network is indeed one of the main determinants of the level of power of elites, in addition to social background. The relative exclusion of certain elite groups, potentially destabilizing, from the network of the most influential elites and from the highest positions of power is a possible way of explaining the trajectory of Madagascar
Inoue, Sunami. "L'éducation à la vie (inochi) à l'école primaire au Japon : approche anthropologique au miroir du 21e siècle." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAG008/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis research focuses on the pedagogical practices of teachers relating to the development of self-respect, respect of others and the lives of primary students in Japan. “Life education” is linked to the social and educational contexts of the emergence of bullying, violence, refusal to go to school and suicide among children and young people, which are often associated with psychological problems such as low self-esteem, depressive tendency, insufficient relational and communication development. A survey was carried out among different adult educational actors at the primary school level in the city of Kyoto. Adopting an anthropological approach, life education was examined based on empirical data. The results show that by teaching life education, teachers fully participate in the cultural education and socialization of pupils, while at the same time educating them about cultural and social norms and values
Arab-Fuentes, Rémy. "L'appartenance et ses enjeux dans la fiction de Joseph Conrad." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BOR30052.
Повний текст джерелаOur study of belonging relies on the analysis of communities in Conrad’s fiction: their forms, their origins, the principles and patterns on which they are built. The community of speech and the organic community soon appear to be the ideal forms to which characters naturally strive to belong (Gemeinschaft). Yet, these forms of community are defeated by another, historically more recent, form of belonging: modern mercantile society (Gesellschaft). This crisis of belonging is embodied in recurring dramatic patterns like betrayal or exile. On a larger scale, the constant failures of belonging question the relevance of changes in communities, whether it be through an insurrection on a sailing ship or through a revolution on land. In Conrad’s fiction, belonging is expressed through two major figures of speech: the synecdoche and the metonymy. On the one hand, these figures allow Conrad’s aesthetics to put the emphasis on a part while at the same time asserting its belonging to a larger whole and therefore constantly placing the part in context — for what it is but also for what it represents. On the other hand, because the emphasis is put on a single given part, these figures reveal or remind us of the existence of something else, something that remains, which also belongs to the whole the emphasised part belongs to. This whole, placed under an ellipsis by the figure, is never explicitly mentioned yet always present. These figures of speech manage to express presence and absence at the same time, thereby changing the modalities of belonging. The figure of the spectre embodies such a paradox. At the same time alive and dead, the spectre proves to be neither and both. It symbolizes alterity at the heart of sameness and because it presents every community with what necessarily belongs and cannot belong to it at the same time, encapsulates the issues of belonging in ways that defeat exclusive belonging and substitutes it for a form of ‘upkeep’, of companionship with ghosts. From this form of belonging stems a strong sense of reciprocal solidarity as it is often expressed in Conrad’s fiction
Dupré, Florence. "La fabrique des parentés : enjeux électifs, pratiques relationnelles et productions symboliques chez les Inuit des îles Belcher (Nunavut, Arctique canadien)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30800/30800.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThis doctoral dissertation is a contribution to the study of Inuit kinship. It presents an ethnography and analysis of contemporary kinship practices in the Arctic village of Sanikiluaq (Nunavut). The specific aim is to understand how kinship ties are produced, practised, and severed in a community that historically and socially has much in common with other Canadian Inuit societies of the early 21st century. The text thus covers the history of the Belcher Islands, the strategies currently used to establish kinship ties, and the kin identities of the people involved. The aim, here, is to understand the meaning of Inuit kinship without having to fall back on the flexibility of social organization to provide a satisfactory answer. After describing the historical backdrop to the recent formation of the village of Sanikiluaq, the first part (chapters 2 and 3) retraces the development of kinship practices during the 20th century and identifies the main strategies behind present-day kinship choices, e.g., choosing a mate, a godmother, a godfather, or a namesake for a newborn child. The second part (chapters 4 and 5) provides an ethnography and analysis of kinship choices in nine groups of siblings who are contemporary Qikirtamiut (i.e., Inuit of the Belcher Islands). It addresses how kinship strategies, production of kinship ties, and the actual kinship experience interrelate in terms of three factors that structure the practices and cultural theories under discussion: genealogy, identity, and daily life. The third and last part (chapters 6 and 7) pursues this analysis in places and settings where images of oneself and one’s kin group are used as means to produce, convey, and practise kinship. Topics include kinship practices on social networking websites, use of family photos, and several categories of tagging, which range from tattooing to drawing, that help people to identify themselves to others via the ontological identity that underlies their kinship ties. In sum, this dissertation describes Inuit kinship by showing how strategy processes, day-to-day practices, and forms of symbolic production relate to each other in the Arctic of the early 21st century. Keywords: Inuit, Belcher Islands, kinship anthropology, parental election, relational practice, genealogy, ontology, Internet, photographs, tattooing.
De, Gavelle Erwan. "Modélisation de trajectoires acceptables de réarrangement de la consommation de sources protéiques pour augmenter l’adéquation nutritionnelle et impacts sur la durabilité." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLA016/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn Western countries, the consumption of animal protein, which is the predominant protein source, has been decreasing over the last decade. This consumption has been negatively associated with different sustainability parameters in the majority of cases, and studies modelling sustainable diets have shown that the different parameters are not always compatible. Diets that significantly improve different sustainability parameters have been modelled, but the consideration of cultural acceptability is insufficient and requires further investigation. The objective of this thesis was to model acceptable trajectories of rearrangement of protein source consumption to increase nutritional adequacy and to evaluate its impacts on sustainability. The study of protein source consumption in France led to the conclusion that protein intake is adequate for the entire population, but that there are different profiles of protein intake characterized by different levels of nutritional security. A study conducted in 2018 found that meat consumption levels were predicted by attitudes, social norms, and perceived behavioral control related to the reduction of meat consumption. For the stepwise dietary modelling study, it was considered acceptable for an individual to consume a new food if it was widely consumed by individuals with a similar profile of protein intake. This hypothesis was validated by a survey conducted in 2018. The modelling work identified that some dietary recommendations were effective for the general population, but others were specific to certain profiles of protein intake characterized by specific nutritional profiles and food repertoires. Finally, models have identified that systematically targeting more plant proteins during the first dietary modifications allows, despite a slightly lower nutritional adequacy, to obtain better sustainability parameters
Nadeau, Frédérick. "Les jeunes de Québec sont-ils cosmopolites? : rapport à la diversité culturelle, rapport au politique et construction identitaire chez des jeunes cégépiens de la ville de Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30392/30392.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThis research tries to determine if Quebec City’s youth can be considered cosmopolitan. It draws upon the content analysis of 169 open-answers questionnaires, completed by students aged 18 to 23, between November 2012 and January 2013. Examining their relation to cultural diversity, their relation to politics and exploring the different categories from which they build their identity, it comes to the conclusion that the growing ethnocultural diversity that characterize Quebec’s urban landscape and its inscription in a global society are phenomena that are experienced rather passively by today’s youth. These phenomena do not generate greater enthusiasm for intercultural encounters nor do they lead to the adoption of moral dispositions usually associated with cosmopolitanism. On the contrary, results show that young people in Quebec are more concerned with issues that are local in scale and they express their preoccupations with the protection and valorization of what they refer to as their cultural heritage, in response to globalization.
Moisseron, Mathilde. "Rôle des interactions communautaires, mécanisme d’appropriation du sens pour la construction de son parcours professionnel et de sa vie." Thesis, Paris, HESAM, 2020. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03143432.
Повний текст джерелаStill an emerging topic for research in existential psychology, communities should be questioned if one wants to understand better the relationship of Individuals to their existences. This thesis focuses precisely on the understanding of the role of community interactions in the mechanism of appropriation of meaning for the construction of one's professional career and one's life. In this study, a community is defined as « a formal and/or informal social group of which the individual is a member, united around several shared exchanges and organisations of actions, having common interests, aspirations and values ». Five areas of expertise, namely, counseling psychology, social psychology in conjunction with sociology, community psychology and existential psychology, allowed us to investigate the meaning of communities. Since no study had ever established a connection between the concept of community and the emblematic concepts of existential psychology (Bernaud, 2018), a new approach has been suggested. In particular, this new approach made it possible to bring together the emblematic concepts of existential psychology with the ternary model of spirituality (de Jager Meezenbroek et al., 2012b) so that the community can exist/recognize itself. Moreover, in order to explore these constructs, it was necessary to turn to a mixed methodology. A qualitative exploratory research, following the method of the « Multi-level Investigator of Social Identity (IMIS) » (Zavalloni & Louis-Guérin, 1984) was carried out with five members of five different French communities, namely a religious community. (Protestant), a virtual community (Interactive pedagogy), a political community (the Republicans), a humanist community (Human Rights) and a social community (the Accorderie). In addition, a quantitative research with the same five communities was carried out with a sample of 101 participants. Different measuring tools were used, namely the psychological development scale (Diener et al., 2010; Villieux et al., 2016), the meaning of life scale (Steger et al., 2006), the scale of authenticity (Wood et al., 2008 ; Grégoire et al., 2014) and the scale of career decidedness (Sovet et al., 2020) in connection with the index of feeling of community belonging (Chavis et al., 1986 ; Perkins et al., 1990 ; Saïas et al., 2018). The results show that communities contribute to the building of the members’ psychological identities in relation to their existential « true-selves » (Bernaud, 2018, p. 189), to give meaning to their lives, to stimulate their socio-personal psychological developments and to promote their social integration so that they ultimately takes their rightful places in the human community. In accordance with these results, a session 8 was created, complementary to the counseling based on/about life and work meaning developed by Bernaud et al. (2015, 2019), named « Developing the meaning of one's life by cultivating one’s ties to others and to social communities ». It is designed for beneficiaries of the SVST counseling and is intended to be used by practicing psychologists and counselors in the field of vocational guidance
Pouliot, Kathleen. "Vivre son quartier: l'expérience du Vieux-Limoilou de 1960 à aujourd'hui." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25485.
Повний текст джерелаThis memoir focuses on the process of (re) appropriation by the residents of a neighborhood in the city of Quebec disturbed by urban changes largely at the time of the Quiet Revolution. By focusing on the case of Vieux-Limoilou, this study looks at the influence of lifestyles of residents in the regeneration of neighborhood life. The objectives of the research are to understand how the experience of Limoulois life leads us directly to the heart of their attachment to the neighborhood (Chapter 2); observe over time the impact of cultural practices by residents and foreigners in the neighborhood of urban functions (Chapter 3) and to analyze the effect of the imaginary neighborhood, the Limoulois representations and the perceptions of foreigners, developing a sense of belonging to their environment (Chapter 4).
Asselin, Gabriel. "Schoolyard agency : childhood, mobility and cultural reproduction amongst mobile families." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30732/30732.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаIn this dissertation, I show that while the experience that children have of their community is influenced by external factors such as semiotic registers and structural relationships, it is also shaped through their own agency. Through working with children of French-speaking military families in Cold Lake, Alberta, I contribute to a portrayal of children as playing an important role, not only in how they experience community, but in the very shaping of the community itself. Through a focus on how children of military members attending the French school École Voyageur experience their social environment, it becomes apparent that while this is characterized by a high degree of mobility, they are nevertheless subjected to lasting semiotic registers defined by ongoing discourses surrounding topics such as mobility, the military, and francophone identity. By taking account of how children of mobile families, and adults involved in their lives, express their understanding of their place within various institutions, this dissertation contributes to furthering the understanding of potential effects of various patterns of mobility on childhood experiences of community and concepts of identity and belonging. This work is grounded in data collected during fieldwork in and around a military community associated with 4 Wing Cold Lake, a Royal Canadian Air Force base. What is shown with the data gathered from fieldwork is that continuity in a community, and even cultural maintenance, does not require continuity within the population. In doing so I show that conflicting views concerning the idea of community can be reconciled by describing it as the result of experience of social environments through the encounter of individual agency with semiotic registers and networks of institutional structures. Finally, this work also describes some of the challenges and opportunities encountered by children of French-speaking military families in Cold Lake. Their particular situation, as mobile individuals evolving on the margin of multiple institutions and organisations, makes them subjects of interest to understand the impacts of mobility and of diverging loyalties on concepts of belonging and identity.
Brendlé, Chloé. "Seuls, ensemble : fabrique des appartenances et imaginaires de la communauté dans des récits contemporains français : (Marie NDiaye, Laurent Mauvignier, Maylis de Kerangal, Arno Bertina, Olivier Cadiot)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC206.
Повний текст джерелаSince the beginning of the eighties, the destiny of the notion of community has been paradoxical: it is central to philosophical thoughts (from Jean-Luc Nancy to Giorgio Agamben) as well as political discourses, referring to the nation and to numerous communities, meanwhile it is generally believed that there is a breakdown of a sense of community. A century before, one of the first sociologists, Ferdinand Tönnies, attempted by using it to describe the alterations of the modern and industrialized European societies; nowadays, community allows us to understand again the present experience of being “alone, together”. Many French narratives show the importance of lack and want of belonging. In Marie NDiaye’s, Laurent Mauvignier’s, Maylis de Kerangal’s, Arno Bertina’s and Olivier Cadiot’s narratives, characters are both uprooted and anxious to become integrated into a group, however professional, familial, social or national it might be. Do these fictions break the deadlock? The link between the various spheres of belonging and the gap between the individual and the collective are studied in this corpus. We identify patterns and values of the notion of community (fraternity and social corps in particular), as well as the underlying paradigms of the texts, minority (which renews the humanist tradition of the novelistic genre) and majority (which questions about norms). Based on philosophical, sociological and literary sources, at the crossroads of study of representations and stylistic analysis, this work brings out contemporary images of community. We demonstrate that a double evolution of the novels is at stake, from a genealogical hanging down to the spatial pattern of interdependence, and from a political paradigm to an ethical one
Tétreault, Maryse. "Parler de politique au Pérou : exploration des processus de représentation, de définition et d'appropriation de la politique." Mémoire, 2009. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/1945/1/M10799.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаLavigne, Geneviève. "L'influence des orientations du besoin d'affiliation sur l'adaptation intrapersonnelle et interpersonnelle." Thèse, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4647/1/D2211.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаGuersan, Daniel. "La participation politique des immigrants au Québec." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9961.
Повний текст джерелаHow to understand specificities of political participation in the case of Quebec’s immigrants, as it evades from usual explanations? If a multitude of factors explain well the political participation in the common case, the main explanation feats with personal rationality. Politics are usually oriented by this statement. Still, these factors hardly give an empirical explanation of why does immigrants participate or avoid some public spaces. Instead of taking the classical approach, based on cognitive rationality, this paper suggests completing usual explanations statements through the original mediation of socio-affective factors of Quebecoise belonging development. Such a demarche gives policy science two advancements. First, it opens the way to the inclusion of emotions for a better understanding of political participation and gives complementary explanations, largely forsaken. Secondly, it set a separation between id dimension and affective dimensions, still fused in most approaches. This way gives new statements to the researchers which open the way to a better consideration of the weight of affective explanations in the study of political participation in atypical cases like immigration and fast changing societies. At last, our research explains the political behaviour of Quebecoise immigrants by establishing Quebec’s integration policies inability to create a Quebecoise belonging.