Дисертації з теми "APD topology"
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Mroczkowski, Maciej. "Projective links and their invariants /." Uppsala : Matematiska institutionen, Univ. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4519.
Повний текст джерелаGuillot, Pierre. "Representations and Cohomology of Groups -- Topics in algebra and topology." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00732874.
Повний текст джерелаQueraltó, Isach Gerard. "Supersymmetry and topology in coupled optical waveguides." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670742.
Повний текст джерелаLa integración de todos los componentes básicos para la generación, manipulación y detección de luz en chips ópticos está impulsando avances científicos y tecnológicos, por ejemplo, en el desarrollo de tecnologías de la información o en los dispositivos de detección para las tecnologías cuánticas. Debido a su flexibilidad, escalabilidad y a la posibilidad de observar directamente la evolución de la función de onda utilizando senzillas técnicas de trata, las estructuras fotónicas son ideales para la simulación cuántica, es decir, para emular fenómenos cuánticos que aparecen en otras ramas de la física. Es más, estas analogías ópticas-cuánticas también permiten diseñar nuevos circuitos fotónicos integrados con propiedades excepcionales. En esta tesis, aprovechamos propiedades no triviales que emergen de la física cuántica para diseñar nuevos dispositivos fotónicos integrados con funcionalidades avanzadas y rendimientos mejorados, así como nuevos simuladores fotónicos. Específicamente, explotamos las similitudes entre las ecuaciones de Helmholtz y de Schrödinger, que permiten reproducir la dinámica temporal de una particula atrapada en un potencial periódico con la evolución espacial de la luz propagándose en guías de onda, para aplicar transformaciones supersimétricas y procesos adiabáticos así como explorar geometrías topológicas no triviales en sistemas de guías de onda ópticas acopladas. La primera parte de la tesis está dedicada a introducir los conceptos matemáticos y físicos que describen las guías de onda ópticas acopladas, las analogías ópticas-cuánticas y la supersimetria óptica. La segunda parte de la tesis engloba el diseño de nuevos dispositivos fotónicos integrados basados en combinar transformaciones supersimétricas para manipular los modos espaciales con las técnicas adiabáticas para introducir robustez. Primero presentamos un nuevo método para la multiplexación de modos espaciales basado en guías de onda supersimétricas, que filtran los modos, en combinación con la técnica de pasaje adiabático espacial que se usa para transmitir de manera eficiente y robusta los modos escogidos entre guías. De manera similar, manteniéndonos en la idea de aplicar protocolos de ingeniería cuántica para diseñar nuevos dispositivos fotónicos con rendimientos superiores, proponemos conectar de manera adiabática estructuras supersimétricas a lo largo de la propagación. En particular, ésta técnica la utilizamos para diseñar guías de onda cónicas, filtros modales, divisores de haz e interferómetros. Finalmente, la tercera parte de la tesis está dedicada a la simulación de diferentes fenómenos físicos utilizando sistemas fotónicos. Para empezar, exploramos los efectos que las transformaciones supersimétricas inducen en sistemas con propiedades topológicas no triviales, las cuales están intrínsecamente ligadas a las simetrías internas del sistema. Con este objetivo, consideramos el sistema más simple con propiedades topológicas no triviales y demostramos en un sistema de guías de onda acopladas cómo la protección topológica de un estado puede ser suspendida y restablecida utilizando transformaciones supersimétricas. Además, para acceder a las fases topológicas no triviales, un elemento clave es la introducción de campos artificiales de gauge (AGF) que controlan la dinámica de partículas no cargadas que de otra manera eluden la influencia de los campos electromagnéticos. Es esta línea, investigamos la posibilidad de inducir AGF utilizando luz con momento orbital angular en lugar de manipular la geometría del sistema. Específicamente, medimos el fenómeno de jaula de Aharonov-Bohm que está ligado a la presencia de un campo magnético sintético. Esta técnica permite acceder a diferentes regímenes topológicos en una sola estructura, un paso importante para la simulación cuántica utilizando sistemas fotónicos.
The integration of all the basic components for light generation, manipulation and detection in optical chips is boosting scientific and technological advances, for instance, in the development of information technology and data communications or of sensing devices for quantum technologies. Due to its flexibility, scalability and of the possibility of directly observing the wavefunction evolution using simple imaging techniques, integrated photonic structures are an ideal playground for quantum simulation i.e., for emulating quantum phenomena appearing in other branches of physics. Moreover, these quantum-optical analogies also allow to design novel integrated photonic circuits with exceptional properties. In this context, in this thesis we harness non-trivial properties stemming from quantum physics to design novel integrated photonic devices with advanced functionalities and enhanced performances as well as to engineer novel photonic simulators. Specifically, we exploit the similarities between the Helmholtz and the Schrödinger equations, which allow to mimic the temporal dynamics of a single particle trapped in a lattice potential with the spatial evolution of a light beam propagating in an array of optical waveguides, to apply supersymmetric (SUSY) transformations and adiabatic passage processes as well as to explore non-trivial topological geometries in systems of coupled optical waveguides. In this vein, the first part of the thesis is devoted to introduce the mathematical concepts and physical ideas behind coupled optical waveguides, quantum-optical analogies and optical SUSY. After that, the second part of the thesis encompasses the design of novel integrated photonic devices by combining the spatial modal content manipulation offered by SUSY transformations with the robustness supplied by adiabatic passage techniques. In this regard, we start by presenting a novel method for mode division (de)multiplexing rooted on SUSY waveguides, which provide the mode filtering capabilities, in combination with a Spatial Adiabatic Passage protocol, which is used to efficiently and robustly transfer the desired modes between waveguides. Similarly, keeping on the idea of applying quantum engineering protocols to design novel photonic devices with enhanced performances, we also propose to connect, in an adiabatic fashion, SUSY structures along the propagation direction. In particular, this technique is used to engineer efficient and robust tapered waveguides, mode filters, beam splitters and interferometers. Finally, the third part of the thesis is dedicated to the photonic simulation of different phenomena. We explore first the effect that SUSY transformations induce in systems with non-trivial topological properties, which are intrinsically connected with the system's internal symmetries. To this aim, we consider the simplest system with non-trivial topological properties and demonstrate in waveguide arrays how the topological protection of a targeted state can be suspended and reestablished by applying SUSY transformations. Moreover, to access these non-trivial topological phases, a key step is the introduction of Artificial Gauge Fields (AGF) controlling the dynamics of uncharged particles that otherwise elude the influence of standard electromagnetic fields. To this end, we investigate the possibility of inducing AGF by injecting light beams carrying Orbital Angular Momentum, rather than manipulating the geometry of the system. Specifically, we measure the Aharonov-Bohm caging effect, which is directly related with the presence of a synthetic magnetic flux, in an array of coupled optical waveguides. This technique paves the way towards accessing different topological regimes in one single structure, representing an important step forward for quantum simulation in photonic structures.
González, Luciano J. "Topological dualities and completions for (distributive) partially ordered sets." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/314382.
Повний текст джерелаEsta tesis doctoral es el resultado de nuestra investigación sobre la teoría de la dualidad y completaciones de conjuntos parcialmente ordenados. Un primer objetivo general de este trabajo es proponer diferentes tipos de dualidades topológicas para algunas clases de conjuntos parcialmente ordenados y un segundo objetivo es tratar de utilizar estas dualidades para obtener diferentes completaciones con buenas propiedades. Para este fin, nos proponemos seguir la línea de las dualidades clásicas para retículos distributivos acotados debidas a Stone y a Priestley. Por lo tanto, necesitaremos considerar una noción de distributividad sobre conjuntos parcialmente ordenados. También proponemos una dualidad topológica para la clase de todos los conjuntos parcialmente ordenados y usamos esta dualidad para estudiar algunas propiedades de los conjuntos parcialmente ordenados como su extensión canónica, funciones que preservan orden y las extensiones de funciones n-arias que preservan orden en cada coordenada. Por otra parte, para alcanzar estos objetivos vamos a estudiar los conjuntos parcialmente ordenados desde un punto de vista algebraico.
Brekke, Birger. "Topology and Data." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Mathematical Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-10030.
Повний текст джерелаIn the last years, there has been done research in using topology as a new tool for studying data sets, typically high dimensional data. These studies have brought new methods for qualitative analysis, simplification, and visualization of high dimensional data sets. One good example, where these methods are useful, is in the study of microarray data (DNA data). To be able to use these methods, one needs to acquire knowledge of different topics in topology. In this paper we introduce simplicial homology, persistent homology, Mapper, and some simplicial complex constructions.
Brekke, Øyvind. "Topology and Data." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Mathematical Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-10037.
Повний текст джерелаToday there is an immense production of data, and the need for better methods to analyze data is ever increasing. Topology has many features and good ideas which seem favourable in analyzing certain datasets where statistics is starting to have problems. For example, we see this in datasets originating from microarray experiments. However, topological methods cannot be directly applied on finite point sets coming from such data, or atleast it will not say anything interesting. So, we have to modify the data sets in some way such that we can work on them with the topological machinery. This way of applying topology may be viewed as a kind of discrete version of topology. In this thesis we present some ways to construct simplicial complexes from a finite point cloud, in an attempt to model the underlying space. Together with simplicial homology and persistent homology and barcodes, we obtain a tool to uncover topological features in finite point clouds. This theory is tested with a Java software package called JPlex, which is an implementation of these ideas. Lastly, a method called Mapper is covered. This is also a method for creating simplicial complexes from a finite point cloud. However, Mapper is mostly used to create low dimensional simplicial complexes that can be easily visualized, and structures are then detected this way. An implementation of the Mapper method is also tested on a self made data set.
Jin, Xing. "Topology inference and tree construction for topology-aware overlay streaming /." View abstract or full-text, 2007. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CSED%202007%20JIN.
Повний текст джерелаEslami, Rad Anahita. "Effect of Legendrian surgery and an exact sequence for Legendrian links." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209662.
Повний текст джерелаDoctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Belhoul, Yacine. "Graph-based Ad Hoc Networks Topologies and Business Process Matching." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10202.
Повний текст джерелаWe are interested in this thesis to graph-based approaches to deal with some challenges in networking, namely, graph topologies of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) and process model matchmaking in large scale web service. We propose in the first part: (1) a generic mechanism using mobility information of nodes to maintain a graph topology of the network. We show particularly, how to use the prediction of future emplacements of nodes to maintain a connected dominating set of a given MANET. (2) distributed algorithms to construct minimal global offensive alliance and global defensive alliance sets in MANETs. We also introduce several heuristics to get a better approximation of the cardinality of the alliance sets which is a desirable property for practical considerations. (3) a framework to facilitate the design and evaluation of topology control protocols in MANETs. We propose in the framework, a common schema for topology control based on NS-2 simulator and inspired from the commonalities between the components of the topology control algorithms in MANETs. In the second part, we focus on process model matchmaking. We propose two graph-based solutions for process model inexact matching to deal with high computational time of existing work in the literature. In the first solution, we decompose the process models into their possible execution sequences. After, we propose generic graph techniques using string comparator metrics for process model matchmaking based on this decomposition. In order to get better optimization of the execution time and to deal with process model matching in large scale web services, the second solution combines a spectral graph matching with structural and semantic proposed approaches. This solution uses an eigen-decomposition projection technique that makes the runtime faster
Zaman, Sabri-E. "Functional topology of networks." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2016. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/23783.
Повний текст джерелаHerviou, Loïc. "Topological Phases and Majorana Fermions." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLX036/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis, we study theoretically different aspects of topological systems. These models present resilient properties due to a non-trivial topology of their band structures, and in particular exotic edge excitations such as Majorana fermions.Entanglement entropy and entanglement spectrum have been fundamental to the study of these systems and of gapless systems in general, but are difficult to measure experimentally. Bipartite charge fluctuations were proposed as a weak measurement of this entanglement, in particular for one-dimensional gapless phases. We extend previous results on standard Luttinger Liquids to generic families of one- and two-dimensional non-interacting topological systems. Through exact computations, we show that their critical points are characterized by universal coefficients that reveal the topological aspect of the transitions. In two dimensions, the Dirac cones give quantized contributions to the fluctuations and various correlation functions. These contributions depend on their winding numbers, allowing for a precise determination of the topological structure of the gapless points. A volume law is also present and linked to the Quantum Fisher information, with characteristic non-analyticities at the phase transitions.In a second time, we include interactions and show that some of these signatures are preserved in topological superconductors even in their presence. Through analytical (bosonization, renormalization group) and numerical (exact diagonalization and DMRG) methods, we study the phase diagram of two Coulomb-coupled topological superconducting wires. We are interested in their behavior when the interactions are strong enough to break the topological protection: the interplay between unconventional superconductivity and interactions leads to exotic phases. We show the appearance of phases spontaneously breaking the time-reversal symmetry, with non-trivial orbital currents, and of an unusual gapless phase that is the extension of two critical interacting Majorana modes.Finally, we are interested in electronic transport mediated by Majorana fermions. We study a floating superconducting island carrying several such impurities. This device is thought to be a potential building block for a quantum computer. The Majorana fermions affect the statistics of the charge carriers, which leads to very resilient fractionalized transport. We extend previous studies to the charge degenerate case, where the total number of fermions in the island is not fixed, and map it to the well-known Multi-Channel Kondo model at large interaction. We reinterpret this standard model in terms of a particle moving in a highly dimensional, dissipative lattice
Chavez, Leslie Lou. "Topology and protein folding /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF formate. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3208633.
Повний текст джерелаSheppard, Alan. "Gauge theory and topology." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260732.
Повний текст джерелаBott, Adrian William. "Clusters : synthesis and topology." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316027.
Повний текст джерелаGarcía, Pulido Ana Lucía. "Models and string topology." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/56787/.
Повний текст джерелаNaturman, Colin Ashley. "Interior algebras and topology." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/18244.
Повний текст джерелаLowery, Nicholas Blackburn. "Topology and Infinite Graphs." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1243619620.
Повний текст джерелаDruivenga, Nathan. "Quantum topology and me." Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2070.
Повний текст джерелаZhang, Hainan. "Topology of fiber bundles." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18185.
Повний текст джерелаDepartment of Mathematics
David Auckly
This report introduces the fiber bundles. It includes the definitions of fiber bundles such as vector bundles and principal bundles, with some interesting examples. Reduction of the structure groups, and covering homotopy theorem and some specific computation using obstruction classes, Cech cohomology, Stiefel-Whitney classes, and first Chern classes are included.
Yao, Ye. "Ad Hoc Networks Measurement Model and Methods Based on Network Tomography." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00636282.
Повний текст джерелаDubut, Jérémy. "Directed homotopy and homology theories for geometric models of true concurrency." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLN032/document.
Повний текст джерелаStudying a system that evolves with time through its geometry is the main purpose of directed algebraic topology. This topic emerged in computer science, more particularly in true concurrency, where Pratt introduced the higher dimensional automata (HDA) in 1991 (actually, the idea of geometry of concurrency can be tracked down Dijkstra in 1965). Those automata are geometric by nature: every set of n processes executing independent actions can be modeled by a n-cube, and such an automaton then gives rise to a topological space, obtained by glueing such cubes together. This space naturally has a specific direction of time coming from the execution flow. It then seems natural to use tools from algebraic topology to study those spaces: paths model executions, homotopies of paths, that is continuous deformations of paths, model equivalence of executions modulo scheduling of independent actions, and so on, but all those notions must preserve the direction. This brings many complications and the theory must be done again.In this thesis, we develop homotopy and homology theories for those spaces with a direction. First, my directed homotopy theory is based on deformation retracts, that is continuous deformation of a big space on a smaller space, following directed paths that are inessential, meaning that they do not change the homotopy type of spaces of executions. This theory is related to categories of components and higher categories. Secondly, my directed homology theory follows the idea that we must look at the spaces of executions and those evolves with time. This evolution of time is handled by defining such homology as a diagram of spaces of executions and comparing such diagrams using a notion of bisimulation. This homology theory has many nice properties: it is computable on simple spaces, it is an invariant of our homotopy theory, it is invariant under simple action refinements and it has a theory of exactness
Krajacich, Christopher A. "Designing a FORCEnet information topology." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Dec%5FKrajacich.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаVasconcelos, Flávio Marinho. "Método de otimização topológica aplicado a projeto de moldes utilizados em processos de sinterização por plasma." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3152/tde-01082013-155053/.
Повний текст джерелаThe Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) technique is a powder consolidating and sintering process, in which pulsed DC electric current and pressure loads are applied simultaneously in the tool system components (graphite die, punchers, etc.) in order to perform the sintering process. Generally, a cylindrical graphite die is used for circular samples manufacturing and through this process the sinterization of a large number of materials, including Functionally Graded Materials (FGM), is possible. Considering the geometry and sample material aspects, an optimization die design technique can be developed based on the manufacturing of samples with complex geometry and gradation. Thus, it is possible to adjust the die geometry to the sample geometry or gradation in order to achieve a uniform sinterization. Therefore, the aim of this work is the development of a methodology to be applied in the design of dies used in SPS sintering process. This methodology consists of implementing an optimization algorithm based on the Topology Optimization Method (TOM), considering three approaches: in the first one a prismatic die is designed to process a sample with arbitrary geometry, for example square, triangular and cross sample; in the second approach the change of the die wall thickness is considered to achieve a predefined temperature gradient in the gradation direction of MGF samples and the third approach the same previous objective is considered, however the focus is the optimization of thermal conductive fibers. In the latest approach, a new die concept is proposed, where the objective is to optimize not only the die geometry but he microstructure considering a die composed by an anisotropic material. T implement the optimization algorithm a computational model based on the Finite Element Method (FEM) is developed considering the SPS process as an electrothermal coupled problem. In the TOM implementation a material model based on SIMP (Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization) is adopted and the Sequential Linear Programming is used to solve the optimization problem. The optimization algorithm is implemented using the Matlab® environment and the pos-processing, for verification and validation of the obtained results is carried out by using Comsol®.
Goo, Zhen John. "Topology optimization of building bracing schemes." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/82814.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis. "June 2013."
Includes bibliographical references (p. 51-52).
The thesis presents a technique for producing economical solutions for conventional structural steel frames using topology optimization on the lateral bracing scheme. The study focuses mainly on minimizing the amount of material used and optimizing the placement of bracing elements in typical steel frame structures to achieve economical and realistic solutions. Linear structural analysis is performed on steel frame structures while considering static gravity and wind loading. The optimization scheme uses a "multi-level design" approach with two distinct optimization loops. The optimal beam and column sizes in a structural steel frame system are generated in the first optimization loop and a bracing removal criterion is derived in the second loop to optimize the lateral bracing topology. A space constraint is imposed on the steel frame structure to enable designers to specify large empty spaces. A performance index is proposed to compare the cost between structural steel frames designed using conventional approaches, which rely on engineering experience and trial-and-error, and the approach specified in this study, which uses a multi-step optimization scheme. Two case studies are made, comparing steel frame structures designed using the proposed method with one designed using the traditional method. Keywords: Topology optimization, steel frame optimization, space-constrained optimization, multilevel optimization
by Zhen John Goo.
M.Eng.
Pagonakis, Dimitrios. "Volumetric topology optimization under redundancy constraints." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/104242.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 117-120).
With ever-increasing pollution and scarcity of resources, structural optimization, the science of finding the optimal structural arrangements under equilibrium constraints, is becoming an increasing necessity in engineering practice. However, designers are hesitant to adopt a method that is by nature a limit state and thus potentially unreliable. This thesis embeds a level of safety, namely redundancy, within the structural optimization process. Redundancy is the ability to remove a certain number of elements from the structure without losing stability. The thesis translates this constraint into a linear mathematical optimization problem. Then, a topology optimization algorithm is developed that identifies the least volume structure with the ability to remove any element(s) while maintaining stability under the initial loading. Besides the developed algorithm, this thesis shows the relation between the internal forces of redundant structures and their substructures, and in fact shows that it can be expressed linearly when only 1 level of redundancy is provided, and polynomial for higher levels. The algorithm is eventually implemented and extensively analyzed for a series of configurations, showing that redundant optimal shapes have considerably less volume than twice that of the pure volumetric optimal, and hence effectively combine safety with material efficiency. Overall, this thesis constitutes the early stage of a novel structural optimization algorithm that is unique to its volumetric optimization objectives.
by Dimitrios Pagonakis.
M. Eng.
Naidoo, Inderasan. "Nearness and convergence in pointfree topology." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5962.
Повний текст джерелаWe introduce and investigate the concept of a nearness structure on a σ-frame. Analogues of the Samuel Compactification, Uniform Coreflection and Completion in the nearness σ-frame setting are obtained. Convergence in uniform frames is also a subject of this thesis integrating compactness, precompactness and paracompactness. Finally, the notion of uniform paracompactness is introduced and its relation with convergence is investigated.
Wilson, Adrian. "Graph groupoids and their topology /." Full text available from ProQuest UM Digital Dissertations, 2006. http://0-proquest.umi.com.umiss.lib.olemiss.edu/pqdweb?index=0&did=1253488491&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1193757327&clientId=22256.
Повний текст джерелаKulikov, Igor Konstantinovich. "Temperature, topology and quantum fields." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29870.
Повний текст джерелаHerrera, Rafael. "Topics in geometry and topology." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389011.
Повний текст джерелаChuang, Jeffrey Hsu-Min 1974. "Energy and topology of heteropolymers." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8285.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliographical references (p. 142-149).
The properties of biological polymers are controlled by two fundamental aspects: the energetic interactions, and the topological properties due to the fact that they are chains of connected monomers. In this thesis I study the interplay of topological and energetic properties in heteropolymers. We first study the problem of aggregation of polymers in solution. We find that aggregation is slowed by a transient topological force that exists on time scales shorter than the reptation time. We then study the translocation of a polymer through a membrane. Our key finding is that the dynamics of translocation occur on the same time scale as diffusion, and are affected only weakly by the entropic barrier created by the hole. Next we survey the energetics of random sequence heteropolymers, searching for "typical" properties of a sequence using lattice models. By enumerating the states and energies of compact 18, 27, and 36mers on a 3-d square lattice with an ensemble of random sequences, we test the validity of the self-averaging approximation. We find that fluctuations in the free energy between sequences are weak, and that self-averaging is a valid approximation at the length scale of real proteins. We then examine the validity of the Random Energy Model for these same lattice heteropolymers, through an analysis of the density of states. We see that the shape of the density of states is dependent on the sequence, and that this dependence is stronger for certain types of interactions between monomers.
(cont.) More generally, the validity of the random energy model depends strongly on the monomer-monomer interaction matrix. Finally, we consider a system in which the energy and topology of polymers can be quantified together more explicitly - a heteropolymer gel. We derive a theory for the affinity of heteropolymer gels for target molecules placed in solution with them, based on the the composition of the gel and solvent, and predict the composition of a gel which will switch from single-point to multi-point adsorption of target molecules as it undergoes its volume phase transition.
by Jeffrey Hsu-Min Chuang.
Ph.D.
Taylor, Brand R. "Topology and the Platonic Solids." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1338993148.
Повний текст джерелаHilaire, Christian S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Topology of Lagrangian immersions and submanifolds." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61552.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 53-55).
In this thesis, we look at some of the first topological results for Lagrangian immersions and embeddings. In particular, we state and consider some applications of the h-principle of Gromov which gives a homotopy classification of Lagrangian immersions. We outline a proof of Matsushima's theorem which states that there is no Lagrangian embedding ... We define the notions of the Malsov class and of monotone Lagrangian immersions or embeddings and we give some examples.
by Christian Hilaire.
M.Eng.
LaVigne, Rio (Kristen Rio). "Topology hiding computation on all graphs." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/113966.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 63-65).
A distributed computation in which nodes are connected by a partial communication graph is called topology-hiding if it does not reveal information about the graph beyond what is revealed by the output of the function. Previous results have shown that topology-hiding computation protocols exist for graphs of constant degree and logarithmic diameter in the number of nodes [Moran-Orlov-Richelson, TCC'15; Hirt et al., Crypto'16] as well as for other graph families, such as cycles, trees, and low circumference graphs [Akavia-Moran, Eurocrypt'17], but the feasibility question for general graphs was open. In this work we positively resolve the above open problem: we prove that topology-hiding computation is feasible for all graphs under the Decisional Diffie-Hellman assumption. Our techniques employ random or deterministic walks to generate paths covering the graph, upon which we apply the Akavia-Moran topology-hiding broadcast for chain-graphs (paths). To prevent topology information revealed by the random-walk, we design multiple graph-covering sequences that, together, are locally identical to receiving at each round a message from each neighbor and sending back a processed message from some neighbor (in a randomly permuted order).
by Rio LaVigne.
S.M.
Terlan, Bürgehan. "Experimental electron density reconstruction and analysis of titanium diboride and binary vanadium borides." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-119046.
Повний текст джерелаHolmberg, Erik. "Stress and fatigue constrained topology optimization." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Mekanik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-88094.
Повний текст джерелаGori, Matteo. "Phase transitions theory and applications to biophysics." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4111.
Повний текст джерелаThe studies and results reported in this manuscript are aimed to develop a deeper understanding of the principles at the basis of self-organization in biological system.The Topological Theory of phase transitions is one of the possible approaches to provide a generalization of description of phase transitions in small or mesoscopic systems. This theory has been rigorously rooted in two theorems: a counterexample to one of these theorems has been recently found. The first part of this manuscript is devoted to investigation of the "counterexample" to understand if and how the theory can be saved. In the second part of this manuscript the results of theoretical, numerical and experimental investigations on Fr"ohlich-like condensation for normal modes of biomolecules are reported. This is a prerequisite for the activation of giant dipole oscillations in biomolecules which entail long-range electrodynamic interactions between coresonant molecules. In this thesis is shown that long-range interactions markedly affect the self-diffusion properties of molecules in solution. A fingerprint of long-range interactions could be a "transitional" phenomenon concerning the self-diffusion coefficient as a function of a control parameter proportional to interaction strength. Analogous simulations have been performed to validate an experimental approach aimed at finding such "fingerprint" in systems with built-in long-range interactions
Melcher, Grace(Grace E. ). "Topology optimized hemispherical shell under asymmetric loads." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/127315.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from the official PDF of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 48-50).
Domes are an efficient way to span long distances and resist gravity loads. The two kinds of classical domes prevalent in architecture are continuous shells and grid shells. Continuous shells are monolithic concrete or masonry; grid shells reorient material in lattice members to create depth throughout the shell thickness. This thesis considers the design of a topology optimized hemisphere, a hemispherical continuous shell, and a hemispherical grid shell, and compares the structural performance of these three shells under asymmetric loads. First, a novel topology optimized dome is defined and generated with the objective to minimize strain energy. Then a numerical study is conducted on the three shells, continuous, grid, and optimized hemisphere, to investigate the different structural behavior of each material design scheme. This includes a linear elastic finite element analysis of each hemisphere's response under its own buckling load. Finally, plastic analyses are presented including the effects of large deformations and material yielding to determine the optimized hemisphere's response in comparison to the classical hemispheres. The proposed method uses topology optimization over the new domain of a thin shell lofted into space, as opposed to the more common planar and three-dimensional spaces for structural optimization. This thesis demonstrates good correlation of load capacity between Timoshenko's theoretical predictions and numerical analysis using Abaqus. The proposed topology optimized hemisphere has a seven-fold increase in load capacity under asymmetrical loading, when compared to a grid shell of the same volume.
by Grace Melcher.
M. Eng.
M.Eng. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Ajayi, Oluwanifemi O. (Oluwanifemi Oluwadara). "Topology optimization with manufacturable multi-material primitives." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/123215.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 32-33).
Topology optimization is a field extending to the built environment. Traditionally, optimization focuses mainly on monolithic structures but recently, developments have been made toward determining algorithms for multi-material optimization. A preexisting algorithm is modified to broaden the type of design possible with the method. The algorithm uses a three-phase design problem, a void phase and two other materials, and implements Heaviside Projection Method (HPM) and Rational Approximation of Material Properties (RAMP) method and employs the Method of Moving Asymptotes (MMA) as the gradient based optimizer. Three distinct object projection shapes are proposed, a horizontal, a vertical and a diagonal. The horizontal shaped inclusion enables designs such as, longitudinal reinforced concrete beam design of variable length bars. The vertical shaped inclusion enables designs of columns. The diagonal shaped inclusion allows for design of rebar within more slanted sections of optimized topology. The proposed algorithm is tested on two examples, the cantilever beam and the MBB beam, showing that it works as expected.
by Oluwanifemi O. Ajayi.
M. Eng.
M.Eng. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Winslow, George H. "Classification of Compact 2-manifolds." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4291.
Повний текст джерелаKühne-Hausmann, Kerstin. "Zur Untermodulstruktur der Weylmoduln für Sl₃." Bonn : Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Bonn, 1985. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/13001429.html.
Повний текст джерелаBastani, Favyen. "Robust road topology extraction from aerial imagery." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118057.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 63-65).
Creating and updating road maps is currently an expensive and often manual process, and thus maps today are outdated or have poor coverage in large regions of the world. Automatically inferring the road network graph from aerial imagery provides a promising avenue to reducing the cost of maintaining road maps, but existing inference methods have poor precision. This thesis develops a novel iterative graph construction process for extracting graph structures from images, and applies this process to automatic road topology inference to significantly reduce error rates.
by Favyen Bastani.
S.M.
Abell, Benjamin Matthew. "Targeting and topology of seed oleosins." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ47881.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаPetersen, Dan. "Topology of moduli spaces and operads." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Matematik (Avd.), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-122389.
Повний текст джерелаTeo, Edward H. K. "Geometry and topology in quantum gravity." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337207.
Повний текст джерелаZhou, Shi. "Parameterising and modelling the Internet topology." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408525.
Повний текст джерелаO'Holleran, Kevin. "Fractality and topology of optical singularities." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/470/.
Повний текст джерелаMazidian, Bayan. "Symmetry and topology in triplet superconductors." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627965.
Повний текст джерелаMartins, João Nuno Gonçalves Faria. "Quantum topology and the Lorentz group." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2004. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13277/.
Повний текст джерелаLawrence, Mark. "Symmetry and topology at the metasurface." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6152/.
Повний текст джерелаAlderaz, Fatma Hussien Shbani. "Boundedness and pseudocompactness in pointfree topology." University of Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7848.
Повний текст джерелаThis dissertation is a presentation to generalize boundedness and pseudocompactness in pointfree topology. We rst obtain and introduce a boundedness notion for elements of a frame. This is then further inspiration to introduce a de nition of bounded frame homomorphism whose domain may be any frame E, not just the frame of open sets of the reals.