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1
Carmichael, Delight Hicks. "Parental behaviors in child anxiety: an observational study." FIU Digital Commons, 2000. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2048.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The increasing awareness of the prevalence, impairment, and long-term consequences of childhood anxiety disorders have led investigators to explore psychosocial factors in the etiology of these disorders. Recent investigations have begun to focus on family-level processes in the etiology and/or maintenance of childhood anxiety disorders, specifically patterns of parent-child interaction. The present study compared parent-child interactions across three problem-solving tasks of clinically anxious children and their mothers versus non-referred children and their mothers in terms of: 1) direct observation measures, 2) children's, mothers', and independent observer's subjective ratings, 3) and children's evaluations using videotape-aided thought reconstruction.
Results suggested that the mothers of clinically anxious children engaged in fewer positive and more negative parenting strategies as compared to the mothers of non-referred children across three tasks. Although not significant, trends were evident among the subjective ratings reported by the clinically anxious children, mothers, and observer for the global perception indices. When videotape-aided thought reconstruction was used as a cue to elicit children's perceptions of the parent-child interactions, clinically anxious children reported less mother-referent positive statements and more mother-referent negative statements than non-referred children.
2
Graham, Rebecca. "Anxiety Sensitivity and its Association with Parenting Behaviors." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2013. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1740.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of this study was to examine the association between parent and child anxiety sensitivity in the context of parenting behaviors, specifically by testing parenting behaviors as moderators or mediators of the association between parent and child anxiety sensitivity. Past research implies that parent anxiety sensitivity may be more related to child anxiety sensitivity (moderation) in girls and in the context of certain parenting. Alternatively, parenting behaviors may better account for the association (mediate) between parent and child anxiety sensitivity. To test the hypotheses 191 families (n = 255 youth aged 6-17 and their parents) completed measures of child anxiety sensitivity (CASI) and parenting (APQ-C), and parents completed measures of their anxiety sensitivity (ASI) and parenting (APQ-P). Hypotheses were tested with hierarchical linear modeling. Results indicated that the child’s gender and the child’s report of their parent’s positive parenting behaviors moderated the association between parent and child anxiety sensitivity.
3
Crawford, Erika. "THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN YOUTH INVOLVEMENT, THERAPIST BEHAVIORS, AND ANXIETY SYMPTOMS IN THE TREATMENT OF YOUTH ANXIETY." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2019. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/587646.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
PsychologyPh.D.
Objective: Therapeutic processes that occur within session have been identified as a factor that may influence youth anxiety outcomes. The present study examined the relationships between positive and negative youth involvement, therapist therapeutic and nontherapeutic behaviors, and anxiety outcomes. Method: Sixty youth (aged 7-17) received cognitive-behavioral therapy for an anxiety disorder. Weekly session videos were rated by observers. Measures of anxiety severity were completed weekly and at posttreatment. Regression analyses examined the association between therapeutic processes and post-treatment outcomes. Univariate and bivariate latent difference score (LDS) models evaluated whether changes in one factor were prospectively associated with later changes in the same factor and in other factors. Results: Positive youth involvement significantly predicted reduced anxiety severity, greater improvement, and remission of principal anxiety disorder at posttreatment. Youth negative involvement during psychoeducation sessions predicted a reduced likelihood of remission. Therapist therapeutic behaviors during psychoeducation sessions predicted lower anxiety severity, greater improvement, and treatment response. Nontherapeutic behaviors in psychoeducation sessions were associated with increased anxiety severity, less improvement, and a reduced likelihood of treatment response and remission of principal anxiety disorder. When entered simultaneously, only nontherapeutic behaviors were significantly associated with increased anxiety severity. LDS models resulted in poor model fit, thus, the temporal sequence among involvement, therapist behaviors, and anxiety severity was not established. Conclusions: Youth involvement and therapist behaviors are associated with beneficial outcomes. Therapist nontherapeutic behaviors are strongly associated with poorer outcomes. Findings are discussed in relation to previous findings and future directions are proposed.
Temple University--Theses
4
Sloan, Tracy Beth. "The role of safety behaviors in the maintenance of anxiety /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3008443.
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5
DeRamus, Michelle. "Repetitive behaviors and anxiety in children with autism spectrum disorder." Thesis, [Tuscaloosa, Ala. : University of Alabama Libraries], 2009. http://purl.lib.ua.edu/2136.
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6
Morris, Mary Kathryn. "Investigation of Patient Anxiety, Patient Satisfaction, and Dental Student Behaviors." DigitalCommons@USU, 1987. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5968.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The present study examined the effect of information about patient's dental anxiety on patient satisfaction, patient discomfort, and patients' perceptions of dental student behaviors. The validity of patients' perceptions was examined by independent observation of dental student behaviors on videotaped dental screening visits.
Thirty dental students each examined two dentally anxious female patients. Each student received information about one of the patient' s dental anxiety and no information about the other. The order of presentation of the conditions information and no information was counterbalanced. The dependent measures were the Dentist Behavior Checklist, the Dental Visit Satisfaction Scale, the Patient Discomfort Item, and independent observations of seven specific dental student behaviors.
Results of the present study suggest that patients' perceptions of specific dental student behaviors are only moderately correlated with independent observation for three of the behaviors. The presentation of information about patient dental anxiety resulted in no significant differences in patients' perceptions of behaviors. A significant interaction effect was found, however, between information and order of presentation for the independent observations of Took Patient Seriously and Was Calm. These findings suggest that when nonverbal behaviors were examined, dental students were more responsive to patients. This was only true, however, when students received information in the Information/No Information order.
No significant differences were found in either patient satisfaction or patient discomfort as a result of providing information about patient anxiety. Lastly, none of the dental student behaviors as independently observed were related to patient satisfaction. However, patients' perceptions of Encouraged Questions and Took Patient seriously were significant predictors of patient satisfaction.
Suggestions for further research include continued attempts to delineate dentist behaviors which are correlated with patient satisfaction.
7
Costa, Natalie. "Hurricane Katrina and Youth Anxiety: The Role of Parental Anxiety, Parental and Youth Attachment Beliefs, and Parenting Behaviors." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2007. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/547.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of Hurricane Katrina on youth anxiety and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder symptoms (PTSD symptoms) by examining the roles of pre Katrina youth anxiety, parental anxiety, parental and youth attachment beliefs, and parenting behaviors. Seventy-four youth (ages 6 to 17, mean age: 11.34 years) and their parents were recruited for this study. Youth anxiety was assessed through the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scales (child and parent version). Youth PTSD symptoms were assessed through the PTSD Checklist. Parental anxiety was assessed through the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (anxiety subscale). Child attachment beliefs to their parents were assessed with the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment and parental attachment beliefs to their romantic partner were assessed through the Experiences in Close Relationships. Parenting behaviors were assessed through the Children.s Report of Parent Behavior Inventory. Results indicated that: (1) youth anxiety pre Katrina predicted youth anxiety/PTSD symptoms post Katrina, (2) youth pre Katrina levels of trust, communication, and secure attachment beliefs to mothers moderated the association between youth pre Katrina and post Katrina anxiety, (3) youth pre Katrina perceptions of acceptance moderated the association between youth pre Katrina and post Katrina anxiety, and (4) youth pre Katrina perceptions of firm control moderated the association between youth pre Katrina and post Katrina anxiety. The influence of age, gender, ethnicity, and number of traumatic events experienced in Hurricane Katrina is also presented. Findings are discussed in terms of identifying pre-disaster functioning variables that moderate the association between youth pre Katrina and post Katrina anxiety.
8
Ahmad, Sara, and Vanessa Sved. "COVID-19-related anxiety predicted by three different psychological behaviors; Health anxiety, Disgust sensitivity and Intolerance of uncertainty." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-88970.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of this study was to examine whether three different psychological predictors; Health anxiety (SHAI), Disgust sensitivity (DS-R) and intolerance of uncertainty (IUS-12) could predict COVID-19-related anxiety in students at Orebro University, Sweden. It was hypothesized that there would be a significant relationship between the three psychological behaviors and pandemic-related anxiety. An online survey, consisting of both standardized and non-standardized questionnaires, was constructed. The survey was completed by 199 participants, aged between 19-48 (M = 25.14 and SD = 5.35) from Orebro University, Sweden through Limesurvey. A correlation revealed that Health anxiety and Disgust sensitivity were significantly correlated with COVID-19-related anxiety. The regression analysis revealed that there was a significance between the three psychological behaviors and COVID-19-related anxiety. In conclusion, Health anxiety, Disgust sensitivity and intolerance of uncertainty, could indeed be associated with COVID-19-related anxiety in the students.Syftet med studien är att examinera huruvida tre olika psykologiska beteenden; Health anxiety (SHAI), Disgust sensitivity (DS-R) och Intolerance of uncertainty (IUS-12) kan förutse COVID-19-relaterad ångest i studenter på Örebro Universitet. Det hypotiserades att det skulle finnas en signifikant relation baserat på tidigare studier. En online enkät, med både standardiserade och icke-standardiserade frågeformulär, konstruerades. Antal deltagare som kompletterade enkäten genom Limesurvey var 199 studenter mellan åldrarna 19–48 (M = 25.14 och SD = 5.35) från Örebro Universitet. Genom en korrelationsanalys kunde man se att både Health anxiety och Disgust sensitivity var signifikant korrelerade med COVID-19-relaterad Pandemi. Avslutningsvis, en multipel regressionsanalys visade att Health anxiety, Disgust sensitivity och Intolerance of uncertainty var signifikant relaterat med COVID-19-relaterad ångest i studenterna.
9
Catibusic, Linnéa-Rebecka. "Trait Anxiety and Negative Health Risk Behaviors in Adults : The Relationship between Trait Anxiety, Alcohol Consumption and Physical Inactivity." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-148950.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Relatively little is known regarding trait anxiety and its relationship with negative health risk behaviors such as alcohol consumption and physical inactivity in adults. This study aimed to examine whether negative health risk behaviors differ by sex and whether trait anxiety is associated with the negative health risk behaviors above and beyond sociodemographic factors and depression. Data used in the present study came from a published dataset from the Midlife in the United States 2 (MIDUS 2) study and include a sample of 1,054 adults whose age range from 34 to 84 years. There were significant sex differences in alcohol consumption, but not in physical inactivity. Age, sex, BMI, and depression were significantly associated with alcohol consumption or physical inactivity, whereas trait anxiety was not. These results suggest that sociodemographic variables and depression should be taken into consideration when studying negative health risk behaviors.Det finns relativt lite kunskap om ångest och dess förhållande till negativa hälsobeteenden som alkoholkonsumtion och fysisk inaktivitet hos vuxna individer. Denna studie avsåg undersöka om negativa hälsobeteenden varierade beroende på kön och om ångest har en relation till negativa hälsobeteenden utöver sociodemografiska faktorer och depression. De data som användes i denna studie kommer från ett offentligt data-set från the Midlife in the United States 2-studien (MIDUS 2) som omfattar 1054 vuxna deltagare med en ålder mellan 34 och 84 år. Det påfanns signifikanta könsskillnader inom alkoholkonsumtion men inte inom fysisk inaktivitet. Variablerna ålder, kön, BMI och depression hade en signifikant koppling till alkoholkonsumtion och fysisk inaktivitet, men ett liknande samband kunde inte påfinnas mellan ångest och de två hälsobeteendena. Detta indikerar således att man bör studera sociodemografiska variabler och depression i relation till negativa hälsobeteenden då det verkar finnas en tydlig koppling.
10
Colletti, Christina. "The Association of Parental Depressive Symptoms and Child Anxiety Symptoms: the Role of Specific Parenting Behaviors." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2009. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/51.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A substantial literature indicates that children and adolescents living with a depressed caregiver are at increased risk for emotional and behavioral problems. Although parental depression has been shown to have non-specific associations across child problems, researchers have begun to examine whether specific risk factors, such as parental depression, are associated with specific child outcomes, such as child anxiety. Parenting behavior has been identified as one potential mechanism for the transmission of depression and other psychopathology from parent to child. The extant literature supports this mechanism, as the parenting behaviors of mothers with and without a history of depression have been found to differ in important ways. Moreover, two separate literatures suggest that the same parenting behaviors are associated with both parental depression and child anxiety. The current study was designed to extend past research in the areas of parental depression, parenting, and child anxiety by examining parenting behavior as an explanatory mechanism for the association of parental depressive symptoms and child anxiety symptoms. Using a sample of parents with a history of depression and their 9- to 15-year old children, the current study examined four specific parenting behaviors (i.e., hostility, intrusiveness, withdrawal, and warmth), observed in the context of a stressful parent-child interaction task, as mediators of the association between parental depressive symptoms and both parent and child reports of child anxiety symptoms. Limited support was found for the meditational role of specific parenting behaviors in the association of parental depressive symptoms and child anxiety symptoms. Linear mixed-model analyses revealed an inverse and likely spurious relation between parental depressive symptoms and parent report of child anxiety symptoms. A significant positive association also emerged between parental depressive symptoms and observed parental withdrawal. No support was found for the other relations of the proposed mediation model. Possible reasons for the lack of significant findings are discussed.
11
Babu, Pallavi V. "Relations between Depression, Anxiety, and Health Behaviors: The Role of Psychological Flexibility." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1587299502308091.
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12
Fredrick, Joseph W. "Relations of Parenting Behaviors and Behavioral Inhibition to Fears of Social Evaluation In Adolescence: A Moderation Model." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1615232305598037.
Повний текст джерела
13
Heyen, Carrie. "Two predictors of smoking behaviors in the LGBTQ population| Anxiety and internalized homophobia." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1601199.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning population has high prevalence rates of nicotine dependence in comparison to their heterosexual counterparts, creating a health disparity that is under-researched. Past research has indicated that factors such as minority stress and anxiety play key roles in the development of smoking behaviors in the general population but has not been researched in the LGBTQ population. In addition, internalized homophobia has been linked to substance abuse but its role in nicotine dependence has not been examined. This study proposed that anxiety and internalized homophobia would predict nicotine dependence in the LGBTQ population. A total of 61 LGBTQ individuals participated by completing an online survey. A hierarchical multiple regression was conducted and results suggested that anxiety and internalized homophobia were not predictors of nicotine dependence in the LGBTQ population. However, it was found that individuals questioning their identity did experience more internalized homophobia than those who identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual.
14
Costa, Natalie. "Maternal and Child Anxiety: Do Attachment Beliefs and Parenting Behaviors Mediate the Association?" ScholarWorks@UNO, 2004. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/163.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper examines the role of attachment beliefs and parenting behaviors on the association between maternal and child anxiety in a community sample of mothers and their children aged 6-17 (N = 89). Maternal anxiety was assessed through the SCL-90 & STAI-T. Child anxiety was assessed through the RCMAS-C, STAIC-T, RCMAS-P, & CBCL. Attachment beliefs were assessed through the Experiences in Close Relationships (maternal) and the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (child). Parenting behaviors were assessed through the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire and the Children's Report of Parent Behavior Inventory. Significant associations were found between maternal and child anxiety, attachment beliefs, and parenting. Multiple regression analysis indicated that Anxious Attachment Beliefs and Parental Involvement appeared to mediate the association between maternal and child anxiety. Findings are discussed in terms of elucidating the role of attachment beliefs and parenting behaviors on the association between maternal and child anxiety.
15
Morrison, Quinn. "Perceived Organizational Support and Help Seeking Behaviors in Employees with Generalized Anxiety Disorders." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/960.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Anxiety disorders are among the most common and undertreated mental health disorders in the US (World Health Organization, 2001). Utilizing an online, correlational design and a sample of approximately100 American employees with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), this study will examine the impact of perceived organizational support (POS) on the help seeking behaviors of employees with GAD. It is predicted that POS will be positively correlated with likelihood of treatment seeking among employees with GAD, and negatively correlated with treatment seeking delay. It is further predicted that perceived mental health stigma will mediate the relationship between POS and these treatment-seeking behaviors. This research may hold significant implications for individuals suffering from GAD, as well as organizations that employ these individuals, as it may shed light on critical correlates of help seeking, and how organizations can promote treatment-seeking behaviors.
16
Madson, Sabrina Katherine. "A COMMON KNOT: ATHLETES’ PERCEIVED COACH BEHAVIORS, COMPETITIVE TRAIT ANXIETY, AND BURNOUT SYMPTOMS." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1626860972178732.
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Early, Martha C. "Observed positive and negative behaviors in children relation to anxiety and depression symptoms /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6108.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 21, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.
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Lanoye, Autumn. "Aerobic Exercise Exposure Targeting Anxiety Sensitivity: Effects on Associated Health Behaviors in Young Adults." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5564.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Anxiety sensitivity (AS) is associated with health behaviors such as low rates of physical activity, overeating, alcohol use, and poor sleep; however, interventions targeting AS via exercise-based interoceptive exposure have not assessed these as outcomes. In addition, previous studies are limited by brief follow-up periods. This study aimed to replicate previous aerobic exercise interoceptive exposures with an extended (6-week) follow-up and measurement of health behaviors.
Participants were 44 sedentary young adults with elevated AS randomized to intervention (6 20-minute sessions of moderate-intensity treadmill walking) or assessment-only control. Assessments took place at baseline, week 2 (post-treatment), week 4, and week 8 with measurements of AS (ASI-3), physical activity (7-Day PAR), sleep (ISI), binge eating, alcohol use, depression (PHQ-8), anxiety (GAD-7), and stress (PSS-4).
The intervention condition demonstrated a marginally significant reduction in AS compared to control at week 4 which eroded by week 8. There were no significant between-group differences for health behavior change. The intervention condition demonstrated decreases in depression, general anxiety, and perceived stress compared to control, but these effects eroded by week 4. There was no difference in findings for participants with BMI<25 vs. those with BMI>=25.
Findings indicate that a brief intervention might not be sufficient to produce lasting changes in AS without additional treatment. Intervention effects were not as strong in this study compared to previous reports, which may be due to the size and greater racial/ethnic diversity of the current sample. Future research should objectively measure physical activity and explore individual variability in treatment response.
19
Brennan, Elle. "Neuropsychological Functioning in Youth with Obsessive-Compulsive Behaviors Identified Using the Child Behavior Checklist." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1564913548445812.
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20
Palilla, Jessica Mae. "Mothers' Views of Their Children's Anxiety in Autism: A Qualitative Approach." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6170.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), which is marked by severe social disabilities, also present with higher rates of anxiety. Understanding the qualitative symptoms that underlie anxiety in ASD may help to better characterize the overlap of ASD and anxiety symptomology and suggest targeted treatment strategies. Twenty mothers with male children diagnosed with high-functioning ASD were interviewed using a follow-up interview to the SCAS parent rating scale, in order to better understand how mothers perceive their child's anxious thoughts, behaviors and cognitions. All interviews were transcribed and thematic analysis was used to analyze the results. Eight themes emerged from the analysis: first, anxious symptoms in children with autism negatively impacts the whole family; second, anxiety interferes with the child's life; third, mothers can identify anxiety by their child's anxious behavior; fourth, children with ASD utilize coping strategies to reduce their anxiety; fifth, children with ASD experience physiological symptoms with their anxiety; sixth, anxiety and anxious thoughts go together; seventh, mothers can identify the etiology of children's anxiety; and eighth, children's anxious thoughts are perceived by their mothers as reasonable. Interventions for anxiety in ASD should consider the whole family system including education, symptom reduction, and possible respite care.
21
Norris, Lesley Anne. "Maladaptive and Protective Parenting Behaviors in the Context of Exposure for Youth with Social Anxiety Disorder." Thesis, Boston College, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/3849.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis advisor: Karen RosenThesis advisor: Nancy Lau
Prior research has demonstrated that parental control, parental criticism, and parental acceptance are associated with social anxiety in youth (Wood, McLeod, Sigman, Hwang, & Chu 2003). However, researchers have not examined how these parenting behaviors might impact youth treatment responses. Research in this area has also relied almost exclusively on self and child- report measures. The current study used a newly developed behavioral observation coding system to observe: (1) parental control; (2) parental criticism; (3) quality of parent-child interaction (parental acceptance); (4) parental monitoring of youth anxiety; and (5) discussion of emotion in the context of a public speaking exposure therapy for socially anxious youth (n=39) ages 8-16 years (M = 10.82, SD = 1.94). It was hypothesized that (1) parents of socially anxious youth would exhibit higher levels of parental control, parental negativity, and parental monitoring of youth anxiety, (2) that the quality of interaction would be lower in socially anxious parent-child dyads, and (3) that parents of socially anxious youth would be less likely to discuss emotions with their children. Results demonstrated that parents of socially anxious youth offered significantly more praise than parents of non-socially anxious youth, (F(1, 33) = 5.662, p = 0.023). Parents of socially anxious youth also offered higher levels of directive help (F(1, 33) = 3.713, p = 0.063), although this finding was only trending towards significance. Potential explanations for these findings are discussed and directions for future research are offered
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2014
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: College Honors Program
Discipline: Psychology Honors Program
Discipline: Psychology
22
Kalomiris, Anne E. "Maternal Anxiety and Physiological Reactivity as Mechanisms to Explain Overprotective First-Time Parenting Behaviors." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1430172883.
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Molitor, Joseph G. "Parenting Emotions and Goals: Explaining the Link Between Maternal Anxiety and Controlling Parenting Behaviors." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1478530292371291.
Повний текст джерела
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Singh, Narayan B. "Generalized Anxiety Disorder Symptoms as a Moderator of Affective Reactions to Perceived Interpersonal Behaviors." Thesis, Seattle Pacific University, 2022. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=28154331.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) symptoms often struggle with heightened sensitivity and arousal in response to perceived threats. Moreover, interpersonal dysfunction in GAD has become increasingly a focus of empirical investigation and treatment, given the possibility that responses to social interactions may contribute to GAD symptom maintenance. Laboratory studies and cross-sectional trait assessments of interpersonal problems comprise most of our understanding of interpersonal dysfunction in GAD. However, how GAD symptoms interact with perceived interpersonal threats to predict affective responses (increased arousal, lower valence) within daily life remains poorly understood. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine effects of in vivo social perceptions on state affect, and how GAD symptoms may moderate those relationships. Participants (N = 161) completed baseline measures of trait GAD and depression symptoms (as a covariate). Then participants completed 30 social interaction surveys over the subsequent 10 days. In each survey, participants rated interaction partners’ dominant, cold, and immoral behavior (each conceptualized as interpersonal threats) as well as their own arousal and valence in response to the behavior. Multilevel modeling analyses of between- and within-person effects revealed that mean perceptions of cold and immoral behavior predicted higher arousal and lower valence as hypothesized, whereas mean perceived dominance unexpectedly predicted only lower valence. All within-person fluctuations in social perceptions predicted both higher arousal and lower valence. Regarding the moderating effects, GAD symptoms unexpectedly buffered the effect of average perceived cold behavior on valence and strengthened the effect of average perceived immoral behavior on valence. These results provide a deeper understanding of how social perceptions may contribute to affect in naturalistic interactions, and add to the literature on interpersonal correlates of GAD symptoms.
25
Savaş, Esra. "Social Anxiety, Quality of Life, and Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors of Women With Infertility Problems." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7506.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Not having a child has significant psychosocial effects on women experiencing infertility problems. There is a gap in research on social anxiety, quality of life, and healthy lifestyle behaviors of women during infertility, fertility treatment, and subsequent pregnancy. The purpose of this quantitative comparative study was to investigate the social anxiety, quality of life, and healthy lifestyle behaviors of Turkish women with infertility issues and Turkish women who conceived after infertility treatment, as measured by the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, the Fertility Quality of Life Questionnaire, and the Healthy Lifestyle Behavior Scale II. The social support and stress buffering theory and the health promotion model provided the framework for the study. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to evaluate 200 women undergoing infertility treatment and women who conceived after infertility treatment on social anxiety, quality of life, and healthy lifestyle behaviors. The results indicated that women undergoing infertility treatment had higher social anxiety and avoidance and higher nutritive healthy lifestyle behaviors than women who conceived after infertility treatment. There was no difference in quality of life between the groups. Findings may promote a better understanding of social anxiety, quality of life, and healthy lifestyle behaviors of women undergoing infertility treatment. This heightened awareness may be used to increase psychosocial well-being of women and may increase the success rate of infertility treatment.
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Ramirez, Cristina. "THE EFFECTS OF EMOTION SOCIALIZATION ON INTERNALIZING BEHAVIORS IN YOUNG ADULTS." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/763.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Parents play a significant role in how children learn to express their emotions as well as their child’s overall emotional well-being. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of positive and negative emotion socialization experiences on internalizing disorders in young adult males and females. One-hundred and forty-two young adults between the ages of 18-28 years from a southwestern university participated in the current study. It was hypothesized that early negative emotion socialization experiences would be related to higher levels of anxiety and depression in young adulthood (and, conversely, early positive emotion socialization experiences would be related to lower levels of anxiety and depression). In addition, it was expected that fathers would engage more in negative emotion socialization behaviors than mothers, especially with sons. Participants completed the Coping with Children’s Negative Emotions Scale- Adolescents’ Perceptions (CCNES-AP; Fabes & Eisenberg,1998), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) (Beck, Epstein,Brown, & Steer, 1988), the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) (Beck et al., 1961), and a demographics form. Results indicated that parental emotion socialization was significantly related to depression in males but not females. There were limited significant correlations between anxiety and emotion socialization for males, but not females. Findings supported the hypothesis that fathers tend to engage more in negative emotion socialization behaviors than mothers, especially with sons. The long-term impact for males but not females of early emotional socialization experiences is discussed within the context of gender differences in intimate peer relations throughout development. In addition, the long-term impact of mothers and fathers on how children learn to express their (negative) emotions, and the implications of such for males’ mental health, is also discussed.
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Strid, Matilda. "Does Play Pre-separation Affect Separation Behaviors in Dogs?" Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Biologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-148212.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Separation anxiety is one of the most common behavioral disorder in companion dogs. Dogs not suffering from separation anxiety may still exhibit separation-related behaviors, which can differ depending on environmental contexts. In the present study, dogs without separation-related problems were video recorded during a short separation (3 min) from, and during reunion with, their owner. Comparison was done between if the dogs had played or been calm pre-separation. The dogs spent most time in proximity to the entrance and gazing towards where the owner left during separation. Their body-position was mostly standing, followed by sitting. All dogs were wining during separation, which occurred approximately four times more than barking. Dogs that had played pre-separation were running around more and had a longer latency to the first movement, compared to when they had been calm pre-separation. During reunion, when dogs had played pre-separation, they wagged their tail more and had a longer latency to lip licking, compared to when they had been calm pre-separation. The separation behaviors that occurred in this study aligns with previous work in this subject. Furthermore, one can suggest that play pre-separation might have an effect on separation behaviors, where speculations can be done if the positive affect associated with play might be the underlying cause for these findings.
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Craige, Caryne. "Regulation of Cocaine-induced Behaviors and Anxiety Produced by Cocaine Withdrawal through the Serotonin(2C) Receptor." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2013. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/239587.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
PharmacologyPh.D.
Cocaine is a powerfully active psychostimulant which exerts its effects through blockade of dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine transporters and resultant increases in extracellular levels of these neurotransmitters. Much of the focus on cocaine abuse in the literature has been directed towards study of the dopamine system; however, several studies have identified a role for the serotonin system in regulating the rewarding effects of cocaine as well. Specifically, the serotonin 2C (5-HT2C) receptor regulates cocaine-induced alterations in serotonin and dopamine levels in an inhibitory manner, and 5-HT2C receptor agonist treatment attenuates cocaine-induced behaviors like self-administration. In the first aspect of the current thesis study, the effects of activation of 5-HT2C receptors on cocaine-induced conditioned place preference and behavioral sensitization were assessed. It was found that pretreatment with a 5-HT2C receptor agonist, Ro 60-0175, on cocaine (10 mg/kg) conditioning days of the conditioned place preference paradigm, attenuated the development of conditioned place preference in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that activation of 5-HT2C receptors inhibits the euphoric effects elicited by cocaine. Behavioral sensitization studies demonstrated that pretreatment with Ro 60-0175 prior to cocaine (10 mg/kg) over a 5 day period attenuated cocaine-induced hyperactivity. When injected with a cocaine challenge injection 10 days after the last cocaine injection, mice pretreated with Ro 60-0175 demonstrated lower levels of locomotor activity as compared to saline pretreated, cocaine-injected mice. This portion of the first study demonstrated that 5-HT2C receptor activity attenuated acute cocaine-induced conditioned reward, hyperactivity and the development of long-term alterations of cocaine exposure, as measured by behavioral sensitization. The second aspect of the current study focused on the regulation of anxiety produced by withdrawal from chronic cocaine administration. Anxiety during cocaine withdrawal is a component of the negative affective state often experienced by cocaine-dependent individuals during abstinence from drug use. Anxiety during cocaine withdrawal is likely to increase an individual's susceptibility to relapse to drug use in alleviation of this negative symptom. Studies have shown a downregulation of the serotonin and dopamine systems during withdrawal that potentially contributes to anxiety symptoms. As the 5-HT2C receptor exerts inhibitory control over both the serotonin and dopamine systems, it was hypothesized that blockade of 5-HT2C receptors would attenuate anxiety-like behavior during cocaine withdrawal. Previous studies have identified co-localization of 5-HT2C receptors on inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons, thus it was hypothesized that a 5-HT2C receptor-GABA mediated mechanism would be involved in the regulation of anxiety during withdrawal. The dorsal raphe brain region was targeted in these studies, as this region is the primary source of serotonin for forebrain structures. The actions of cocaine on the serotonin system likely originate with influence of cocaine on the dorsal raphe neurocircuitry, with implications for dysregulation in downstream projection areas of the dorsal raphe. In this portion of the current thesis study, electrophysiology techniques were used to measure GABA activity in subregions of the dorsal raphe either 30 minutes, 25 hours, or 7 days following a 10-day chronic binge cocaine paradigm (15 mg/kg, 3 injections per day at 1 hour intervals). Controls received saline injections. Mice were tested for anxiety-like behavior on the elevated plus maze and then brain slices were collected for electrophysiology recordings. It was found that at 25 hours of withdrawal, cocaine-treated mice demonstrated heightened anxiety-like behavior on the elevated plus maze, as compared to saline controls. Mice tested during an active cocaine stage 30 minutes after the last injection, or at 7 days of withdrawal did not demonstrate increased anxiety-like behavior. Heightened GABA activity was exhibited in serotonin cells from cocaine-withdrawn mice at 25 hours of withdrawal, an effect that was normalized upon 5-HT2C receptor blockade. No differences were observed at 30 minutes after the last cocaine injection; however, there was an anatomical shift observed at 7 days of withdrawal, in that heightened GABA activity exhibited in two subregions of the dorsal raphe (dorsomedial and ventromedial aspects) at 25 hours of withdrawal shifted to the lateral wing areas at 7 days of withdrawal. The differential regulation of the three subregions has implications on serotonin output to projection areas and contribution to anxiety mechanisms. It was found that systemic administration and local intra-dorsal raphe administration of the 5-HT2C receptor antagonist, SB 242084, prior to elevated plus maze testing attenuated anxiety-like behavior in cocaine-withdrawn mice at 25 hours of withdrawal. Taken together, this portion of the thesis study demonstrated that 5-HT2C receptor activity, specifically within the dorsal raphe, regulates anxiety during cocaine withdrawal, through influence on the GABA inhibitory feedback system. A final aspect of the current thesis study addressed the link between dorsal raphe 5-HT2C receptor activity and activity at downstream structures in the context of cocaine withdrawal-induced anxiety, particularly the nucleus accumbens. Since the dorsal raphe is important in providing serotonin input for brain regions largely involved in regulating the effects elicited by cocaine, it is likely that dysregulation of dorsal raphe signaling during withdrawal has influence on the regulation of downstream structures in the contribution of anxiety mechanisms produced by cocaine withdrawal. It was found that dorsal raphe 5-HT2C receptor blockade attenuated cocaine withdrawal-induced reductions in cFos immunoreactivity in the nucleus accumbens. Further work is needed to investigate these interactions in the context of cocaine withdrawal-induced anxiety. Lastly, autoradiography experiments assessed the effects of cocaine withdrawal-induced anxiety on 5-HT2C receptor expression in various brain regions including the dorsal raphe, medial prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, caudate putamen, and ventral tegmental area. A significant decrease in 5-HT2C receptor binding was found in the dmDR region of cocaine-withdrawn mice as compared to saline controls; however, no differences were found between groups in other regions. Future studies testing 5-HT2C receptor signaling are needed to fully understand the impact of cocaine withdrawal-induced anxiety on receptor function in these structures. In conclusion, the first portion of the current study showed that activation of 5-HT2C receptors attenuated the rewarding and locomotor sensitizing effects of cocaine, as evidenced by conditioned place preference and behavioral sensitization studies. In the second aspect of the current thesis study, we have established a role for the 5-HT2C receptor in the regulation of anxiety during cocaine withdrawal. During withdrawal, blockade of 5-HT2C receptor activity, both global as well as local dorsal raphe blockade, attenuated anxiety at 25 hours of withdrawal. This attenuation of cocaine withdrawal-induced anxiety resultant of 5-HT2C receptor blockade was likely due to a suppression of increased GABA activity evident in serotonin cells from cocaine-withdrawn mice.
Temple University--Theses
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Simon, Laura T. "The Relationship between Anxiety and Repetitive and Restrictive Behavior in Children and Adolescents with Down Syndrome." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1569409441080448.
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Hildebrand, Jonovich Sarah. "Association between Parenting Behaviors, Social Skills, and Anxiety in Children with High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1182518785.
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Jonovich, Sarah Hildebrand. "Association between parenting behaviors, social skills, and anxiety in children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders /." Connect to full text in OhioLINK ETD Center, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1182518785.
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Woods, Sherry Elizabeth. "The Relationships Between Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Frequency and Suicidal Behaviors, Depression, and Anxiety: A Curvilinear Analysis." TopSCHOLAR®, 2017. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/2041.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) involves the deliberate damage of one’s own bodily tissue without suicidal intent. A number of psychological disorders and indicators of distress are correlated with the behavior, including suicidal behaviors (e.g. Whitlock & Knox, 2007), depression (e.g. Ross & Heath, 2002), and anxiety (e.g. Victor & Klonksy, 2014), and yet the research literature has been mixed on whether increased frequency of NSSI is correlated with increased levels of these variables. The present study hypothesized that these relationships are curvilinear. Data from a larger study were analyzed using curvilinear regression analyses, and hypotheses were partially supported. Curvilinear relationships were found between NSSI frequency and both depression and anxiety, such that the relationships were positive until approximately 300 incidents, after which they became negative. The relationship between NSSI and suicide ideation was positive and linear. Among the whole sample, there were curvilinear relationships between both NSSI and suicide attempts as well as NSSI and suicide threats. Among only the portion of the sample who reported a history of these variables, there was no relationship between frequency and suicide attempts, and a curvilinear relationship between frequency and suicide threats that declined after 325 incidents. Results add to the current understanding of NSSI frequency and provide support for evidence that conflict with the proposed frequency criterion for nonsuicidal self-injury disorder.
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Helm, Sarah Kathleen Chattaraman Veena. "Body discrepancy and body satisfaction influence on approach and avoidance behaviors and emotions /." Auburn, Ala, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1652.
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SHIMA, Yoshihiro, та 義弘 島. "アタッチメントは対人行動にどのように反映されるのか : パーソナルスペースによる検討". 名古屋大学大学院教育発達科学研究科, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/16119.
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Landoll, Ryan Richard. "Through the Looking Glass: Adolescents? and Peers? Perspectives of Interpersonal Behaviors and Their Associations with Adolescents? Internalizing Symptoms." Scholarly Repository, 2009. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/66.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Individuals who engage in excessive reassurance seeking (constantly seeking reassurance that one is needed and valued) have higher rates of internalizing disorders. However, little research has examined excessive reassurance seeking among adolescents, particularly in a non-clinical population. Furthermore, research has not examined how close relationships in adolescence, such as best friends and romantic partners, view an adolescent?s use of excessive reassurance seeking behavior. This is particularly interesting, as best friends and romantic partners may be the primary recipients of this behavior. The current study sought to (a) examine the association between excessive reassurance seeking and internalizing symptoms among adolescents, (b) examine the agreement between adolescents? and close peers? ratings of excessive reassurance seeking as well as potential moderators of concordance, and (c) examine the association between peer ratings of excessive reassurance seeking behavior and adolescents? internalizing symptoms, both concurrently and prospectively over time. Participants included 465 adolescents (61% girls), ages 15-20 years, 64.3% Hispanic, 19.1% White non-Hispanic, 6.3% Black and 10.3% other. Participants completed the Excessive Reassurance Seeking subscale of Depressive Interpersonal Relationships Inventory, the Youth Self Report (YSR) and the Network of Relationships Inventory ? Revised. Of this larger sample, a subsample of 44 adolescents (68% female), ages 15-18, 59.1% Hispanic, 31.8% White-non-Hispanic, 2.3% Black and 6.8% mixed ethnicity or other, was used to test hypotheses related to close peer?s assessment of excessive reassurance seeking behavior. Participants also completed the YSR two months later. Data were collected as part of a larger study of adolescent peer relationships during class periods at public high schools in an urban area of the Southeast US. Data were analyzed using hierarchical linear regression techniques, controlling for demographic variables and testing the unique contributions of study variables. Regarding the first study aim that sought to examine associations between excessive reassurance seeking and adolescents? internalizing symptoms, results indicated that excessive reassurance seeking was related to internalizing symptoms concurrently, but not prospectively. Age, gender and ethnicity were found to also be significant predictors of adolescents? internalizing symptoms concurrently, but only ethnic differences emerged prospectively. Regarding the second study aim, examining the concordance between self and peer reports of excessive reassurance seeking, the agreement between self and peer reports was significant. However, further analysis revealed this association was moderated by friendship quality and informant type. Specifically, relationships with high positive quality showed concordance, as opposed to those low in positive relationship quality. Furthermore, romantic partners showed concordance in reports, but not best friends. Regarding the third study aim that sought to examine whether both self and peer reports of excessive reassurance seeking were related to adolescents? internalizing symptoms, results indicated that both self and peer reports were uniquely related to internalizing symptoms concurrently; however this was not the case prospectively. These findings suggest that certain peer informants (romantic partners, high quality relationships) may be reliable indicators of adolescents? excessive reassurance seeking behavior. This has potential implications in the assessment of adolescent internalizing symptoms and interpersonal behaviors associated with these symptoms. However, as results did not emerge in the current study over time, future research is needed to examine the developmental pathways between excessive reassurance seeking and internalizing symptoms.
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Anderson, Scott Robert. "Diagnosing Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) Using the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM–IV: Parent Version (ADIS–P)." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36132.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study was to determine whether the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for DSMâ IV: Parent Version (ADISâ P) is a valid diagnostic tool in assessing Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) in youth. Although there is considerable evidence that the ADISâ P is effective when diagnosing anxiety disorders in youth, no studies have yet examined its utility in assessing ODD, even though the ADISâ P contains an ODD module. In contrast, a number of studies support the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Childrenâ Version IV (DISCâ IV) as a reliable and valid tool for assessing ODD. The two diagnostic interviews have not been compared to determine whether the ADISâ P might be equally valid to the DISCâ IV in diagnosing ODD. In this study, the ADISâ P and DISCâ IV ODD modules were administered in a counterbalanced order to the parents of a clinical sample of 53 children between 8 and 13 years of age referred for the treatment of ODD. It was hypothesized that the ODD module of the ADISâ P would be reliable, as evidenced by inter-rater correspondence, and valid as determined by its concurrent validity with the DISCâ IV and its relations with the Behavior Assessment System for Children (BASC) Aggression and Conduct Problems scales as well as the Disruptive Behavior Disorders rating scale (DBD). Both of these latter instruments were completed by parents and teachers of the referred youth. Results suggest that the ADISâ P provides a valid assessment of ODD, giving clinicians and researchers another empirically-supported interview to use when assessing childrenâ s disruptive behaviors.Master of Science
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Rhodes, Kimberly. "5-Ht1a Antagonism within the Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis Modulates Anxiety-Like Behaviors in Rats." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2008. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/192.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Substantial evidence suggests that serotonin (5-HT) activation within the brain modulates anxiety-like behavior. The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) has been argued to mediate anxiety-like behavioral responding, and the activation of 5-HT systems may modulate anxiety-like behavior via the release of 5-HT within the BNST. Prior studies have suggested that the 5-HT1, 7 agonist 5-carboxyamidotrytamine (5-CT) is anxiolytic, which is consistent with a reduction in BNST activity via the activation of postsynaptic 5- HT1A receptors. However the anxiolytic effects of 5-CT could also have been mediated by 5-HT7 receptor activation. Hence, to isolate the effects of 5-HT1A on anxiety-like behavior, we infused the 5-HT1A antagonist WAY-100635 (0, 0.04, 0.4, and 4.0 μg/μl in saline vehicle) into the BNST of rats immediately before social interaction or acoustic startle testing. For social interaction testing pairs of rats were administered two 5-sec 1- mA footshocks immediately after infusion, removed from the chamber and measured for social interaction in a separate testing apparatus. For acoustic startle testing, rats were placed in boxes and measured for the percentage increase in test (post-infusion) startle from baseline (pre-infusion) startle. Anxiety levels were operationalized as the amount of social interaction per line cross and the percentage increase in startle following drug infusion. WAY-100635 dose dependently decreased social interaction, indicative of an anxiogenic effect. Interestingly, 0.4μg/μl of WAY-100635 decreased startle, indicative of an anxiolytic effect. These data suggest that activation of the 5-HT systems modulates anxiety-like behavior by altering activity within the BNST.
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Sherman, Shermel B. "The Role of Neuropeptide Spexin in the Modulation of Metabolism and Behaviors." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1596840064046446.
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Kinden, Renee. "Cannabinoids & Stress: The Impact of Endogenous and Exogenous Cannabinoids on Anxiety Behaviors In an Acute Stress Model." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32784.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Although the impact of cannabinoids (CBs) on anxiety has been thoroughly studied, current research paradigms fail to incorporate acute stressors. The present study investigated the synthetic CB HU-210’s anxiolytic potential in an acute stress CD1 male mouse model, where the animals were subject to a 10-minute Forced Swimming (FS) test between treatment and behavioral tests. Surprisingly, HU-210 did not show anxiolytic action in the Open Field (OFT) and Elevated-Plus Maze (EPM) stressed mice as previously reported in the naïve model literature. The combination of acute stress and high HU-210 doses produced severe locomotor impairments in ambulatory movement that were not previously observed in unstressed mice. It is hypothesized that this anxiogenic phenotype results from the summation of exogenous CB treatment and stress-induced endocannabinoid (eCB) release.
Subsequently, the impact of the eCB signaling on anxiety behaviors was examined. Systemic administration of KML29, the selective inhibitor of 2-AG degradative enzyme, returned stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors to baseline levels, without significantly affecting locomotion. KML29’s anxiolyticism was abolished when combined with the cannabinoid receptor antagonist AM281, implying this is a CB receptor-mediated process. A GABAA receptor agonist muscimol was co-administered with KML29 in order to pharmacologically investigate the role of GABAergic neurotransmission in this anxiolytic phenomenon, but it did not alter KML29’s effects.
Collectively, these findings suggest that exogenous CBs and acute stress act synergistically in an anxiogenic manner, but that enhanced 2-AG signaling in response to stress demonstrates anxiolytic potential.
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Green, Megan Kay. "Effects of nociceptin/orphanin FQ microinjections into amygdala on anxiety-related behaviors and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0012021.
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Xue, Xiao. "Career Behaviors of Tourism Management Students in China." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1352090573.
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Wisdom, Sharon Christine. "Teachers' Perceptions About the Influence of High-Stakes Testing on Students." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5813.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Teachers in a New Jersey suburban high school noticed an increase in students' stress and anxiety associated with high-stakes testing, and they were struggling to find strategies and interventions to help. The purpose of this study was to investigate high school English and mathematics teachers' current knowledge, experiences, and perceptions about students' preparation and responses to high-stakes testing and to explore teachers' perceptions about teaching strategies they needed to reduce student test anxiety. Liebert and Morris's bidimensional components of anxiety, emotionality, and worry form the conceptual framework that guided this study. The research questions focused on teachers' perceptions about students' high-stakes testing readiness, students' testing behaviors, and teachers' training needs. A case study design was used to capture the insights of 12 high school English and math teachers through semistructured interviews and a focus group interview; a purposeful sampling process was used to select the participants. Emergent themes were identified through open coding, and the findings were developed and checked for trustworthiness through member checking, rich descriptions, and researcher reflexivity. The findings revealed that teachers recognize that students react in different ways to testing, that students who are prepared for the tests demonstrate greater confidence and less anxiety, and that teachers want more professional development specific to reducing students' anxiety and stress. A professional development project was created to provide teachers with strategies and approaches to prepare students for high-stress testing situations. This study has implications for positive social change by creating a structure to provide teachers with strategies for managing students' test anxiety.
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Dunn, Linda. "The Voices I Never Hear: Communication Apprehension and Associated Nonverbal Behaviors in the Primary School Child." PDXScholar, 1993. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4656.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The confidence to communicate orally with others is the first requisite for verbal interaction. Anxiety which occurs in anticipation of speaking with others or while engaged in speaking hinders interaction, and is referred to as communication apprehension. This study examines levels of communication apprehension among a sample primary school population and the possible relationship between such levels and frequencies of nonverbal behaviors called self-adaptors that may be associated with the anxiety. Greater awareness of communication apprehension in children is justified in light of research that suggests it is negatively related to academic achievement in elementary school students. A four-month field~study was conducted in a Northwestern suburban elementary school by the researcher who had taught in the school for the previous seven years. The hypothesis tested was that a positive correlation exists between levels of communication apprehension and displayed self-adaptor behaviors. The study employed methodological triangulation, using both quantitative and qualitative data. An established self-report measure (MECA) consisting of a 20-item questionnaire suggesting various communication situations was administered to 42 third grade students and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Students scoring one standard deviation above the mean were identified as communication apprehensive (CA). Nervous behaviors called self-adaptors were tallied using a researcher developed measurement tool (UBSSF), and the frequencies of these behaviors correlated with the results of the self-report measure to find the predicted association. The hypothesis was not supported in this study. Complementary qualitative information also provided substantial data. This included classroom observations and videotapings of students in small group work sessions, individual recorded interviews of the CA students using film elicitation and interviews with their classroom teachers, field notes (general notations, oral data from teaching specialists, and additional demographic information), and continuing information from the apprehensive students following the conduct of the study. All qualitative data was examined for cross-situational consistency thought to be associated with communication apprehension. Significant evidence for a correlation between levels of communication apprehension and frequency of self-adaptor behaviors was not found. However, this study contributed to a greater understanding of CA by challenging currently held views on communication apprehension. Also, through the use of method triangulation, quantitative and qualitative forms of self report provided some evidence for the crosssituational consistency of CA. Communication apprehensive students were found to be aware of their anxieties and able to verbally address their fears. The phenomenological interpretation of CA student and teacher interview texts facilitated the reconstruction of the participants' perspectives. Finally, suggestions by the researcher addressed the training of teachers to raise their awareness of communication apprehension and to provide needed accommodation of CA students in the classroom.
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Lanfranchi, Marie-Christine. "Etude de la relation entre la pratique sportive, l'anxiété physique sociale, le genre et les attitudes et comportements alimentaires problématiques des adolescents." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4081/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Etude de la Relation entre la Pratique Sportive, l'Anxiété Physique Sociale, le Genre et les Attitudes et ComCette thèse examine l'effet modérateur (1) de l'âge, et du genre sur la relation entre la pratique sportive (minceur, individuel, libre, compétitif), et les attitudes et comportements alimentaires problématiques (six dimensions) des adolescents. (2) de l'IMC, des caractéristiques du sport, sur la relation entre l'Anxiété Physique Sociale (SAP) et les ACAP selon la théorie de la Présentation de Soi, (Leary & Kolawski, 1990). Les adolescents ayant (SAP) soumis à la pression de leur environnement, sont enclins à contrôler leur physique, peuvent être protégés des ACAP, mais peuvent aussi s'engager dans des pratiques liées aux ACAP qui peuvent mettre en danger leur santé.Population : 770 et 766 adolescents français 11-18 ans; 46 sports classés en sports de minceur et non minceur. Méthode : analyse statistique, régression 4 étapes ; Résultats : Les sports (minceur, compétition, individuels) reliés à un SAP élevé présentent des risques élevés d'ACAP en particulier chez les filles. Les garçons sont plus protégés des ACAP. Les sports individuels (vomissement-purge peur de grossir, préoccupation alimentaire, culpabilité à l'égard de manger). Les actions de prévention peuvent prévenir les ACAPThis thesis examines the moderating effect (1) age, and gender on the relationship between sport (leanness, individual, free, competitive), and disturbed eating attitudes and behaviors ( six dimensions) adolescents. (2) BMI, characteristics of sport, on the relationship between Social Anxiety Physics (SAP ) and ACAP according to the theory of the Presentation of Self ( Leary & Kolawski , 1990). Adolescents with (SAP ) under the pressure of their environment, likely to control their physical , can be protected from ACAP , but may also engage in practices related to ACAP may damage to their health.Population: 770 and 766 teenagers 11-18 years old French ; 46 classified sports leaness and not leaness. Method: statistical analysis, regression 4 steps ;Results: sports (leanness, competition, individual), age, gender connected to a high SAP high risk ACAP especially among girls. Boys are more protected from ACAP expect in leanness. Individual sports (vomiting, purging fear of gaining weight, food preoccupation, guilt about eating. Preventive actions can prevent ACAP
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Bell, Mary M. "Three essays on the financial behaviors of soldiers before and after deployment." Diss., Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/16692.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Doctor of PhilosophyDepartment of Family Studies & Human Services
Sonya L. Britt
Briana S. Nelson-Goff
The current three essay dissertation researched the financial behaviors of military service members before and after deployment using primary data collected at a Midwestern U.S. Army installation. The introduction (Chapter 1) reviewed the two financial surveys administered to Soldiers before (N = 701) and after (N = 670) they left for a yearlong deployment to a war zone. The first essay (Chapter 2) explored the financial behaviors, financial knowledge, and financial anxiety as they relate to rank and deployment. The results suggested that financial behaviors after deployment (Time 2) were significantly better than financial behaviors before deployment (Time 1). Rank had a positive effect on increased subjective financial knowledge where all ranks above privates (E1 to E2) had greater financial knowledge. Privates first class, specialists, and corporals (E3 to E4) had significantly lower financial knowledge than their direct supervisors, sergeants and staff sergeants (E5 to E6). Finally, Soldiers reported more financial anxiety before deployment (Time 1) than after deployment (Time 2). Using the framework of social learning theory, the second essay (Chapter 3) expanded the research of military financial behaviors before deployment to more fully understand stress and other factors that influence financial behavior outcomes. Results suggested that past behaviors and some personal factors played a significant role in Soldiers’ financial behaviors. Higher levels of subjective financial knowledge, more internal locus of control, and lower levels of financial anxiety all had a positive effect on financial behavior outcomes. The past behaviors variable had the most explanatory value in Soldiers’ financial behaviors before deployment. Soldiers with any amount of credit card debt had worse financial behaviors compared to Soldiers with no credit card debt, while Soldiers with greater amounts of emergency financial savings were more likely to have better financial behaviors than those who did not have any emergency financial savings. The final essay (Chapter 4) studied the factors that influenced financial behavior outcomes of both Soldiers and college students. This essay used primary data from a college student sample to compare to the before deployment (Time 1) survey data of Soldiers. Findings reported that past behaviors and some personal factors played a significant role in the financial behavior outcomes. Soldiers and college students with higher levels of subjective financial knowledge, more internal locus of control, and lower financial anxiety reported positive financial behaviors The most explanatory concept was that of past behaviors, which revealed that participants with no credit card debt had better financial behaviors compared to respondents who had any level of credit card debt. The conclusion (Chapter 5) highlights the findings of all three essays, which contribute both to the financial behavior literature. These papers also contribute to the research on the personal financial matters of service members. The research has direct implications for policy makers, military leaders, service providers, and financial planners and counselors.
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Phillips, Jennifer M. "Effects of clozapine and alprazolam on cognitive deficits and anxiety-like behaviors in a ketamine-induced rat model of schizophrenia /." Download the dissertation in PDF, 2005. http://www.lrc.usuhs.mil/dissertations/pdf/Phillips2005.pdf/.
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Phelps, Randi A. "An Investigation of Maternal Biological Indices of Anxiety Proneness as Predictors of Toddlers' Dysregulated Fear through Maternal Protective Parenting Behaviors." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1511721211390459.
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Thurston, Joan E. "Student-Athlete Perception of Coaching Leadership Behaviors’ Influence on Mental Health Symptoms Associated with Anxiety, Depression, Suicidality, and Substance Abuse." UNF Digital Commons, 2017. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/735.
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Abstract
Student-athletes are viewed as the epitome of health due to their physical appearance and talent set; however, it is their psychological health that needs significant attention (Etzel, 2006). Psychosocial stressors such as the pressures and demands of being a student and athlete as well as the demands and expectations of the coach have significant impact on the student-athlete’s mental health and well-being (Beauchemin, 2014; Cleary et al., 2011; Lafrenière et al., 2011; Mageau & Vallerand, 2003; Watson, 2005). The purpose of this research is to investigate any correlation between student-athletes’ perceptions of coaching leadership behaviors and the symptoms associated with disorders such as anxiety, depression, suicidality, and substance abuse. The Leadership Scale for Sport (Chelladurai & Saleh, 1980) and the Symptom Assessment Measure instruments are used in this study. An exploratory analysis determined the reliability and construct validity of the instruments. Thirty-three student-athletes from a non-football Division I university engaged in the study, with twenty-eight completing some or all portions of study. All participants are between the ages of eighteen and twenty-four. A linear regression analysis demonstrated no relation between the independent variable, student-athlete perception of coaching leadership behaviors and the dependent variable, symptoms associated with anxiety, depression, suicidal behavior, and substance abuse mental health disorders, (F=.52, p=.49, R2=.061, and Beta coefficient was -0.248). Gender differences is not determined due to the skewed sample consisting of eighty five percent female and fifteen percent male. Though the linear regression analysis indicates no relation between the dependent and independent variable, supplemental contextualization was given to additional questions asked on the Symptoms Assessment Measure. These findings provide evidence that student-athletes perceive that their coach’s leadership behaviors do have influence on their mental health. This reinforces reports that coaches do wield power over their athletes and their influence is related to student-athletes’ psychological well-being (Horn, 2008; Locke et al., 2012; Stebbings et al., 2012).
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Kreple, Collin John. "Examining the role of ASIC1A in mouse models of addiction and CO2-evoked panic-like behaviors." Diss., University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1668.
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Acid-sensing ion channel 1A (ASIC1A) is abundant in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a region known for its role in addiction. Because ASIC1A has been previously suggested to promote associative learning, we hypothesized that disrupting ASIC1A in the NAc would reduce drug-associated learning and memory. However, contrary to this hypothesis, we found that disrupting ASIC1A in the NAc increased cocaine-conditioned place preference, suggesting an unexpected role for ASIC1A in addiction-related behavior. Investigating the underlying mechanisms, we identified a novel postsynaptic current during neurotransmission mediated by ASIC1A and ASIC2 and thus well-positioned to regulate synapse structure and function. Consistent with this possibility, disrupting ASIC1A altered dendritic spine density and glutamate receptor function, and increased cocaine-evoked plasticity in AMPA-to-NMDA ratio, all resembling changes previously associated with cocaine-induced behavior. Together, these data suggest ASIC1A inhibits plasticity underlying addiction-related behavior, and raise the possibility of therapies for drug addiction by targeting ASIC-dependent neurotransmission.
The amygdala plays critical roles in the learning and expression of fear-related behavior. Previous studies have implicated the amygdala in CO2-evoked fear-like behavior in mice; however, a more recent study demonstrated that humans lacking the amygdala bilaterally experience fear and panic with CO2-inhalation. Because all subjects lacking the amygdala had panic attacks after inhaling CO2 compared to only 25% of controls, this data suggests the amygdala may play an inhibitory role in CO2-evoked panic. To assess the role of the amygdala in CO2-evoked behaviors in mice, we lesioned the amygdala and optogenetically stimulated different amygdalar nuclei. We found that large unilateral and bilateral amygdala lesions caused the emergence of escape-like jumping behavior in mice exposed to CO2 and a relative deficit in CO2-evoked freezing. This jumping behavior depended on the dorsal periaqueductal gray, a brain area previously associated with panic attacks. Additionally, the putative CO2 chemosensor ASIC1A and ASIC2 are not necessary for CO2-evoked jumping, and may even play an inhibitory role in this behavior. Optogenetic manipulation of the amygdala revealed that stimulation of the basolateral amygdala enhanced jumping behavior and inhibited freezing behavior. This may be due to the basolateral amygdala's ability to inhibit the main output center of the amygdala, the central nucleus. Together, these results suggest that different amygdalar nuclei differentially modulate CO2-evoked behavior by regulating the switch between mobile and immobile defense responses. Additionally, they provide additional evidence that amygdalar dysfunction may contribute to panic disorder.
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Stratis, Elizabeth Ashley. "The Relationship Between Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors and Psychiatric Symptoms in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1351794364.
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